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Mathivanan K, Ameen F, Zhang R, Ravi G, Beduru S. Bubble column photobioreactor (BCPR) for cultivating microalgae and microalgal consortium (Co-CC) with additional CO 2 supply for enhancing biomass, lipid, and preferable fatty acids production. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 238:117284. [PMID: 37793593 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study has designed and developed a 5 L bubble column photobioreactor (BCPR) to investigate two microalgal strains Chlorella sp. S-01, Chlorella sp. S-02 and their consortium Co-CC (Chlorella sp. S-01 + Chlorella sp. S-02) at 0.03, 5, and 10% CO2 supply for biomass and lipid production. The dry cell weight of Chlorella sp. S-01, Chlorella sp. S-02 and Co-CC were, respectively about 1.41, 1.32, and 1.39 g/L on the 20th day without CO2 supply, while it was 1.76, 1.61, and 1.87 g/L, respectively at 10% CO2 supply and similarly, chlorophyll-a content was higher in 10% CO2 supplied condition over control. Interestingly, Co-CC grown at all the CO2 concentrations showed similar lipid content between 19.30 and 1F9.41%. As an integrated refinery approach, de-oiled biomass of Co-CC was subjected to carbohydrates and protein estimation and found that 46.2% and 30.80% in 10% CO2 supply condition in BCPR. Lipid extracted from the Co-CC grown under 0.03, 5, and 10% CO2 supply in 5L BCPR was converted to biodiesel, and the biodiesel yield was estimated to be 62.78%. Further, the fatty acid profile of Co-CC grown at 10% CO2 showed higher levels of C16:0, C16:1, C18:1, and monounsaturated fatty acids contents over other CO2 supplied conditions. Biodiesel of Co-CC showed favourable fuel properties such as density, higher heating value, oxidative stability, CFPP, viscosity, degree of unsaturation, saponification value, and cetane number, which were also in accordance with ASTM, and EN, biodiesel standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnamurthy Mathivanan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Biofouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China.
| | - Fuad Ameen
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruiyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Biofouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China.
| | - Gangalla Ravi
- Department of Microbiology, Kakatiya University, Warangal, 506009, Telangana, India
| | - Srinivas Beduru
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, USA
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2
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Elangovan B, Detchanamurthy S, Senthil Kumar P, Rajarathinam R, Deepa VS. Biotreatment of Industrial Wastewater using Microalgae: A Tool for a Sustainable Bioeconomy. Mol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12033-023-00971-0. [PMID: 37999921 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00971-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Fresh water is one of the essential sources of life, and its requirement has increased in the past years due to population growth and industrialization. Industries use huge quantities of fresh water for their processes, and generate high quantities of wastewater rich in organic matter, nitrates, and phosphates. These effluents have contaminated the freshwater sources and there is a need to recycle this wastewater in an ecologically harmless manner. Microalgae use the nutrients in the wastewater as a medium for growth and the biomass produced are rich in nutrition that can cater growing food and energy needs. The primary and secondary metabolites of microalgae are utilized as biofuel and as active ingredients in cosmetics, animal feed, therapeutics, and pharmaceutical products. In this review, we explore food processing industries like dairy, meat, aquaculture, breweries, and their wastewater for the microalgal growth. Current treatment methods are expensive and energy demanding, which indirectly leads to higher greenhouse gas emissions. Microalgae acts as a potential biotreatment tool and mitigates carbon dioxide due to their high photosynthetic efficiency. This review aims to address the need to recycle wastewater generated from such industries and potentiality to use microalgae for biotreatment. This will help to build a circular bioeconomy by using wastewater as a valuable resource to produce valuable products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaji Elangovan
- R&D, Seagrass Tech Pvt. Ltd, Karaikal, 609604, Puducherry, India
| | | | - P Senthil Kumar
- Centre for Pollution Control and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, 605014, Puducherry, India.
| | - Ravikumar Rajarathinam
- Department of Biotechnology, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, Avadi, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 600062, India
| | - Vijaykumar Sudarshana Deepa
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Tadepalligudem, 534101, Andhra Pradesh, India.
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Pravin R, Baskar G, Rokhum SL, Pugazhendhi A. Comprehensive assessment of biorefinery potential for biofuels production from macroalgal biomass: Towards a sustainable circular bioeconomy and greener future. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 339:139724. [PMID: 37541444 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Marine macroalgae have attracted significant interest as a viable resource for biofuel and value-added chemical production due to their abundant availability, low production costs, and high carbohydrate and lipid content. The growing awareness of socio-economic factors worldwide has led to a greater consideration of marine macroalgae as a sustainable source for biofuel production and the generation of valuable products. The integration of biorefinery techniques into biofuel production processes holds immense potential for fostering the development of a circular bioeconomy on a broad scale. Extensive research was focused on the technoeconomic and environmental impact analysis of biofuel production from macroalgal biomass. The integrated biorefinery processes offers valuable pathways for the practical implementation of macroalgae in diverse conversion technologies. These studies provided crucial insights into the large-scale industrial production of biofuels and associated by-products. This review explores the utilization of marine macroalgal biomass for the production of biofuels and biochemicals. It examines the application of assessment tools for evaluating the sustainability of biorefinery processes, including process integration and optimization, life cycle assessment, techno-economic analysis, socio-economic analysis, and multi-criteria decision analysis. The review also discusses the limitations, bottlenecks, challenges, and future perspectives associated with utilizing macroalgal biomass for the production of biofuels and value-added chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravichandran Pravin
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Joseph's College of Engineering, Chennai, India
| | - Gurunathan Baskar
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Joseph's College of Engineering, Chennai, India.
| | | | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Centre of Bioengineering, NatProLab, Plant Innovation Lab, School of Engineering and Sciences, Queretaro 76130, Mexico.
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4
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Hankamer B, Pregelj L, O'Kane S, Hussey K, Hine D. Delivering impactful solutions for the bioeconomy. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 28:583-596. [PMID: 36941134 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We are increasingly challenged to operate within our planetary boundaries, while delivering on United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2030 targets, and net-zero emissions by 2050. Failure to solve these challenges risks economic, social, political, climate, food, water, and fuel security. Therefore, new, scalable, and adoptable circular economy solutions are urgently required. The ability of plants to use light, capture CO2, and drive complex biochemistry is pivotal to delivering these solutions. However, harnessing this capability efficiently also requires robust accompanying economic, financial, market, and strategic analytics. A framework for this is presented here in the Commercialization Tourbillon. It supports the delivery of emerging plant biotechnologies and bio-inspired light-driven industry solutions within the critical 2030-2050 timeframe, to achieve validated economic, social, and environmental benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Hankamer
- Institute of Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Lisette Pregelj
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Shane O'Kane
- Treble Cone Advisory Brisbane Qld, Suite 75, 12 Welsby Street, New Farm, QLD 4005, Australia
| | - Karen Hussey
- Centre for Policy Futures, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Damian Hine
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
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Effects of Different Nitrogen Concentrations on Co-Production of Fucoxanthin and Fatty Acids in Conticribra weissflogii. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21020106. [PMID: 36827147 PMCID: PMC9967173 DOI: 10.3390/md21020106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Fucoxanthin and fatty acids are active substances that are beneficial to the growth and immunity of humans and aquatic animals. However, relatively few species have been exploited for fucoxanthin and fatty acids in the industry. At the same time, due to its low extract content, poor stability, high production cost, and serious seasonal and regional limitations, the industry cannot normally meet the greater demand of the international market. Therefore, this experiment seeks to improve the fucoxanthin and fatty acid content of C. weissflogii by adjusting the nitrogen concentration in the culture medium. It was found that when the nitrogen concentration was 150 mg L-1, the cell number was 1.5 × 106 cell mL-1, and the average biomass was 0.75 g L-1. The mean value of carotenoid concentration was 2.179 mg L-1. The average concentration of fucoxanthin was 1.547 mg g-1. When the nitrogen concentration was 75 mg L-1, the fatty acid content reached its highest. By adjusting the concentration of nitrogen, the contents of fucoxanthin and fatty acids were increased. The results provided a theoretical basis for commercial extraction of fucoxanthin and fatty acids and further promoted the industrialization of fucoxanthin and fatty acids.
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Olabi AG, Shehata N, Sayed ET, Rodriguez C, Anyanwu RC, Russell C, Abdelkareem MA. Role of microalgae in achieving sustainable development goals and circular economy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 854:158689. [PMID: 36108848 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In 2015, the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) set out 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to be achieved by 2030. These goals highlight key objectives that must be addressed. Each target focuses on a unique perspective crucial to meeting these goals. Social, political, and economic issues are addressed to comprehensively review the main issues combating climate change and creating sustainable and environmentally friendly industries, jobs, and communities. Several mechanisms that involve judicious use of biological entities are among instruments that are being explored to achieve the targets of SDGs. Microalgae have an increasing interest in various sectors, including; renewable energy, food, environmental management, water purification, and the production of chemicals such as biofertilizers, cosmetics, and healthcare products. The significance of microalgae also arises from their tendency to consume CO2, which is the main greenhouse gas and the major contributor to the climate change. This work discusses the roles of microalgae in achieving the various SDGs. Moreover, this work elaborates on the contribution of microalgae to the circular economy. It was found that the microalgae contribute to all the 17th SDGs, where they directly contribute to 9th of the SDGs and indirectly contribute to the rest. The major contribution of the Microalgae is clear in SDG-6 "Clean water and sanitation", SDG-7 "Affordable and clean energy", and SDG-13 "Climate action". Furthermore, it was found that Microalgae have a significant contribution to the circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Olabi
- Dept. of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Mechanical Engineering and Design, Aston University, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK.
| | - Nabila Shehata
- Environmental Science and Industrial Development Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - Enas Taha Sayed
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, University of Sharjah, PO Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, Elminia, Egypt.
| | - Cristina Rodriguez
- School of Computing, Engineering, and Physical Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK
| | - Ruth Chinyere Anyanwu
- School of Computing, Engineering, and Physical Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK
| | - Callum Russell
- School of Computing, Engineering, and Physical Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK
| | - Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem
- Dept. of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, Elminia, Egypt.
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7
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Synergy between microalgae and microbiome in polluted waters. Trends Microbiol 2023; 31:9-21. [PMID: 35985939 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Microalga-microbiome interactions are central to both health and disease of aquatic environments. Despite impressive advances in deciphering how microorganisms participate in and impact aquatic ecosystems, the evolution and ecological involvement of microalgae and the microbiome in polluted waters are typically studied independently. Here, the phycosphere (i.e., the consortia of microalgae and the related microbiome) is regarded as an independent and integrated life form, and we summarize the survival strategies exhibited by this symbiont when exposed to anthropogenic pollution. We highlight the cellular strategies and discuss the modulation at the transcriptional and population levels, which reciprocally alters community structure or genome composition for medium-term acclimation or long-term adaptation. We propose a 'PollutantBiome' concept to help the understanding of microalga-microbiome interactions and development of beneficial microbial synthetic communities for pollutant remediation.
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O'Neill EA, Fehrenbach G, Murphy E, Alencar SA, Pogue R, Rowan NJ. Use of next generation sequencing and bioinformatics for profiling freshwater eukaryotic microalgae in a novel peatland integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) system: Case study from the Republic of Ireland. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158392. [PMID: 36055498 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Development of integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) systems constitutes a step change in the sustainable production of freshwater fish to meet emerging needs for high-protein foods globally. Recently, there has been a paradigm shift away from harvesting peat as a fuel towards the development of wettable peatland innovation (termed 'paludiculture'), such as aquaculture. Such eco-innovations support carbon sequestration and align with a balanced environmental approach to protecting biodiversity. This novel peatland-based IMTA process in the Irish midlands relies upon natural microalgae for waste treatment, recirculation and water quality where there is no use of pesticides or antibiotics. This novel IMTA system is powered with a wind turbine and the process has 'organic status'; moreover, it does not discharge aquaculture effluent to receiving water. However, there is a significant lack of understanding as to diversity of microalgae in this 'paludiculture'-based IMTA processes. This constitutes the first case study to use conventional microscopy combined with next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics to profile microalgae occurring in this novel IMTA system from pooled samples over a 12 month period in 2020. Conventional microscopy combined with classic identification revealed twenty genera of algae; with Chlorophyta and Charophyta being the most common present. However, algal DNA isolation, 16 s sequencing and bioinformatics revealed a combined total of 982 species from 341 genera across nine phyla from the same IMTA system, which emphasized a significant underestimation in the number and diversity of beneficial or potentially harmful algae in the IMTA-microbiome. These new methods also yield rich data that can be used by digital technologies to transform future monitoring and performance of the IMTA system for sustainability. The findings of this study align with many sustainability development goals of the United Nations including no poverty, zero hunger, good health and well-being, responsible consumption and production, climate change, and life below water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emer A O'Neill
- Bioscience Research Institute, Technological University of the Shannon: Midlands Midwest, University Road, Athlone, Co. Westmeath, Ireland.
| | - Gustavo Fehrenbach
- Bioscience Research Institute, Technological University of the Shannon: Midlands Midwest, University Road, Athlone, Co. Westmeath, Ireland
| | - Emma Murphy
- Bioscience Research Institute, Technological University of the Shannon: Midlands Midwest, University Road, Athlone, Co. Westmeath, Ireland
| | - Sérgio A Alencar
- Universidade Católica de Brasilia, QS 7 LOTE 1 - Taguatinga, Brasília, DF 71966-700, Brazil
| | - Robert Pogue
- Bioscience Research Institute, Technological University of the Shannon: Midlands Midwest, University Road, Athlone, Co. Westmeath, Ireland; Universidade Católica de Brasilia, QS 7 LOTE 1 - Taguatinga, Brasília, DF 71966-700, Brazil
| | - Neil J Rowan
- Bioscience Research Institute, Technological University of the Shannon: Midlands Midwest, University Road, Athlone, Co. Westmeath, Ireland
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Recovery of nutrients from aquaculture wastewater: Effects of light quality on the growth, biochemical composition, and nutrient removal of Chlorella sorokiniana. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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10
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Heterologous expression of antimicrobial peptides S-thanatin and bovine lactoferricin in the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum enhances native antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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11
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Ahmad I, Ibrahim NNB, Abdullah N, Koji I, Mohama SE, Khoo KS, Cheah WY, Ling TC, Show PL. Bioremediation strategies of palm oil mill effluent and landfill leachate using microalgae cultivation: An approach contributing towards environmental sustainability. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.107854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Total Phenolic Content, Biomass Composition, and Antioxidant Activity of Selected Marine Microalgal Species with Potential as Aquaculture Feed. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071320. [PMID: 35883811 PMCID: PMC9311600 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been growing interest in microalgal biomolecules for health and cosmetics, as well as in the use of microalgae as aquaculture feed due to the need to replace fishmeal and fish oil with sustainable yet equally nutritious alternatives. Aim of this study is to evaluate the potential of five marine microalgal species, namely Chlorella minutissima, Dunaliella salina, Isochrysis galbana, Nannochloropsis oculata and Tisochrysis lutea, for the co-production of antioxidants and aquaculture feed. Batch cultivation was performed under saturating light intensity and continuous aeration. Freeze-dried biomass was extracted sequentially with water and methanol and evaluated for phenolic content and antioxidant activity, as well as proximate composition and fatty acid profile. Methanolic extracts of C. minutissima presented the highest phenolic content, measured with the Folin–Ciocalteu assay, and antioxidant activity. However, HPLC and LC-MS showed the presence of non-pigment compounds only in T. lutea. Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity were correlated to chlorophyll content. N. oculata and T. lutea were rich in eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, respectively, as well as in protein. In conclusion, N. oculata and T. lutea are suitable candidates for further optimization, while the data presented suggest that pigment effects on the Folin–Ciocalteu method require reconsideration.
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Krohn I, Menanteau‐Ledouble S, Hageskal G, Astafyeva Y, Jouannais P, Nielsen JL, Pizzol M, Wentzel A, Streit WR. Health benefits of microalgae and their microbiomes. Microb Biotechnol 2022; 15:1966-1983. [PMID: 35644921 PMCID: PMC9249335 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgae comprise a phylogenetically very diverse group of photosynthetic unicellular pro‐ and eukaryotic organisms growing in marine and other aquatic environments. While they are well explored for the generation of biofuels, their potential as a source of antimicrobial and prebiotic substances have recently received increasing interest. Within this framework, microalgae may offer solutions to the societal challenge we face, concerning the lack of antibiotics treating the growing level of antimicrobial resistant bacteria and fungi in clinical settings. While the vast majority of microalgae and their associated microbiota remain unstudied, they may be a fascinating and rewarding source for novel and more sustainable antimicrobials and alternative molecules and compounds. In this review, we present an overview of the current knowledge on health benefits of microalgae and their associated microbiota. Finally, we describe remaining issues and limitation, and suggest several promising research potentials that should be given attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Krohn
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology University of Hamburg Hamburg Germany
| | | | - Gunhild Hageskal
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine SINTEF Industry Trondheim Norway
| | - Yekaterina Astafyeva
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology University of Hamburg Hamburg Germany
| | | | - Jeppe Lund Nielsen
- Department for Chemistry and Bioscience Aalborg University Aalborg Denmark
| | - Massimo Pizzol
- Department of Planning Aalborg University Aalborg Denmark
| | - Alexander Wentzel
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine SINTEF Industry Trondheim Norway
| | - Wolfgang R. Streit
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology University of Hamburg Hamburg Germany
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14
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Aragão C, Gonçalves AT, Costas B, Azeredo R, Xavier MJ, Engrola S. Alternative Proteins for Fish Diets: Implications beyond Growth. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:1211. [PMID: 35565636 PMCID: PMC9103129 DOI: 10.3390/ani12091211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaculture has been challenged to find alternative ingredients to develop innovative feed formulations that foster a sustainable future growth. Given the most recent trends in fish feed formulation on the use of alternative protein sources to decrease the dependency of fishmeal, it is fundamental to evaluate the implications of this new paradigm for fish health and welfare. This work intends to comprehensively review the impacts of alternative and novel dietary protein sources on fish gut microbiota and health, stress and immune responses, disease resistance, and antioxidant capacity. The research results indicate that alternative protein sources, such as terrestrial plant proteins, rendered animal by-products, insect meals, micro- and macroalgae, and single cell proteins (e.g., yeasts), may negatively impact gut microbiota and health, thus affecting immune and stress responses. Nevertheless, some of the novel protein sources, such as insects and algae meals, have functional properties and may exert an immunostimulatory activity. Further research on the effects of novel protein sources, beyond growth, is clearly needed. The information gathered here is of utmost importance, in order to develop innovative diets that guarantee the production of healthy fish with high quality standards and optimised welfare conditions, thus contributing to a sustainable growth of the aquaculture industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Aragão
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (M.J.X.); (S.E.)
| | - Ana Teresa Gonçalves
- GreenCoLab—Associação Oceano Verde, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal;
- SPAROS Lda, 8700-221 Olhão, Portugal
| | - Benjamín Costas
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (B.C.); (R.A.)
- School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS-UP), Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Azeredo
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (B.C.); (R.A.)
| | - Maria João Xavier
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (M.J.X.); (S.E.)
| | - Sofia Engrola
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (M.J.X.); (S.E.)
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15
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Zhang X, Sun J, Zhao M. Enhanced metronidazole removal by binary-species photoelectrogenic biofilm of microaglae and anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria. J Environ Sci (China) 2022; 115:25-36. [PMID: 34969452 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
High efficient removal of antibiotics during nutriments recovery for biomass production poses a major technical challenge for photosynthetic microbial biofilm-based wastewater treatment since antibiotics are always co-exist with nutriments in wastewater and resist biodegradation due to their strong biotoxicity and recalcitrance. In this study, we make a first attempt to enhance metronidazole (MNZ) removal from wastewater using electrochemistry-activated binary-species photosynthetic biofilm of Rhodopseudomonas Palustris (R. Palustris) and Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris) by cultivating them under different applied potentials. The results showed that application of external potentials of -0.3, 0 and 0.2 V led to 11, 33 and 26-fold acceleration in MNZ removal, respectively, as compared to that of potential free. The extent of enhancement in MNZ removal was positively correlated to the intensities of photosynthetic current produced under different externally applied potentials. The binary-species photoelectrogenic biofilm exhibited 18 and 6-fold higher MNZ removal rate than that of single-species of C. vulgaris and R. Palustris, respectively, due to the enhanced metabolic interaction between them. Application of an external potential of 0V significantly promoted the accumulation of tryptophan and tyrosine-like compounds as well as humic acid in extracellular polymeric substance, whose concentrations were 7.4, 7.1 and 2.0-fold higher than those produced at potential free, contributing to accelerated adsorption and reductive and photosensitive degradation of MNZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xubin Zhang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Mengmeng Zhao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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16
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Ahmad A, W Hassan S, Banat F. An overview of microalgae biomass as a sustainable aquaculture feed ingredient: food security and circular economy. Bioengineered 2022; 13:9521-9547. [PMID: 35387561 PMCID: PMC9161971 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2061148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sustainable management of natural resources is critical to food security. The shrimp feed and fishery sector is expanding rapidly, necessitating the development of alternative sustainable components. Several factors necessitate the exploration of a new source of environmentally friendly and nutrient-rich fish feed ingredients. Microalgal biomass has the potential to support the growth of fish and shrimp aquaculture for global food security in the bio-economy. Algal biorefineries must valorize the whole crop to develop a viable microalgae-based economy. Microalgae have the potential to replace fish meal and fish oil in aquaculture and ensure sustainability standards. Microalgae biomasses provide essential amino acids, valuable triglycerides such as lipids, vitamins, and pigments, making them suitable as nutritional supplements in livestock feed formulations. Fish and microalgae have similar nutritional profiles, and digestibility is a critical aspect of the aquafeed formulation. A highly digestible feed reduces production costs, feed waste, and the risk of eutrophication. Due to low input costs, low carbon footprint, wastewater treatment benefits, and carbon credits from industrial CO2 conversion, microalgae-based fish and shrimp feeds have the potential to provide significant economic benefits. However, several challenges must be addressed before microalgal biomass and bioproducts may be used as fish feeds, including heavy metal bioaccumulation, poor algal biomass digestion, and antinutrient effects. Knowledge of biochemical composition is limited and diverse, and information on nutritional value is scattered or contradictory. This review article presents alternative approaches that could be used in aquaculture to make microalgal biomass a viable alternative to fish meal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashfaq Ahmad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shadi W Hassan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fawzi Banat
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Tan K, Zhang H, Zheng H. Climate change and n-3 LC-PUFA availability. Prog Lipid Res 2022; 86:101161. [PMID: 35301036 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2022.101161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFA) are essential fatty acids for the growth, development and survival of virtually all organisms. There is increasing evidence that anthropogenic climate change has a direct and indirect impact on the availability of natural n-3 LC-PUFA. However, this information is fragmented and not well organized. Therefore, this article reviewed published data from laboratory experiments, field experiments and model simulations to reveal the impact of climate change on the global supply of natural n-3 LC-PUFA and how this will limit the availability of n-3 LC-PUFA in the future food web. In general, climate change can significantly reduce the availability of natural n-3 LC-PUFA in grazing food webs in the following ways: 1) decrease the total biomass of phytoplankton and shift the plankton community structure to a smaller size, which also reduce the biomass of animals in higher trophics; 2) reduce the n-3 LC-PUFA content and/or quality (n-3: n-6 ratio) of all marine organisms; 3) reduce the transfer efficiency of n-3 LC-PUFA in grazing food web. In addition, as an anthropogenic climate adaptation measure, this review also proposed some alternative sources of n-3 LC-PUFA and determined the direction of future research. The information in this article is very useful for providing a critical analysis of the impact of climate change on the supply of natural n-3 LC-PUFA. Such information will aid to establish climate adaptation or management measures, and determine the direction of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karsoon Tan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Guangdong Province, Marine Sciences Institute, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; Mariculture Research Center for Subtropical Shellfish & Algae of Guangdong Province, Shantou 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China.
| | - Hongkuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Guangdong Province, Marine Sciences Institute, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; Mariculture Research Center for Subtropical Shellfish & Algae of Guangdong Province, Shantou 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Huaiping Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Guangdong Province, Marine Sciences Institute, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; Mariculture Research Center for Subtropical Shellfish & Algae of Guangdong Province, Shantou 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China.
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18
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Intensive production of the harpacticoid copepod Tigriopus californicus in a zero-effluent 'green water' bioreactor. Sci Rep 2022; 12:466. [PMID: 35013518 PMCID: PMC8748651 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04516-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaculture is looking for substitutes for fishmeal and fish oil to maintain its continued growth. Zooplankton is the most nutritious option, but its controlled mass production has not yet been achieved. In this context, we have developed a monoalgal 'green water' closed-loop bioreactor with the microalgae Tetraselmis chui that continuously produced the harpacticoid copepod Tigriopus californicus. During 145 days of operation, the 2.2 m3 bioreactor produced 3.9 kg (wet weight) of Tigriopus with (dry weight) 0.79 ± 0.29% eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), 0.82 ± 0.26% docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), 1.89 ± 0,60% 3S,3'S-astaxanthin and an essential amino acid index (EAAI) of 97% for juvenile Atlantic salmon. The reactor kept the pH stable over the operation time (pH 8.81 ± 0.40 in the algae phase and pH 8.22 ± 2.96 in the zooplankton phase), while constantly removed nitrate (322.6 mg L-1) and phosphate (20.4 mg L-1) from the water. As a result of the stable pH and nutrient removal, the bioreactor achieved zero effluent discharges. The upscaling of monoalgal, closed-loop 'green water' bioreactors could help standardize zooplankton mass production to supply the aquafeeds industry.
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Dietary supplementation with microalgae enhances the zebrafish growth performance by modulating immune status and gut microbiota. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:773-788. [PMID: 34989826 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11751-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are known to be abundant in various habitats around the globe, and are rich in high value-added products such as fatty acids, polysaccharides, proteins, and pigments. Microalgae can be exploited as the basic and primitive food source of aquatic animals. We investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with Schizochytrium sp., Spirulina platensis, Chloroella sorokiniana, Chromochloris zofingiensis, and Dunaliella salina on the growth performance, immune status, and intestinal health of zebrafish (Danio rerio). The results showed that these five microalgae diets could improve the feed conversion rate (FCR), especially the D. salina (FCR = 1.02%) and Schizochytrium sp. (FCR = 1.20%) additive groups. Moreover, the microalgae diets decreased the gene expression level of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL6, IL8, and IL1β at a normal physiological state of the intestine, especially the Schizochytrium sp., S. platensis, and D. salina dietary groups. The expression of neutrophil marker b7r was increased in the C. sorokiniana diet group; after, the zebrafish were challenged with Vibrio anguillarum, improving the ability to resist this disease. We also found that microalgae diets could regulate the gut microbiota of fish as well as increase the relative abundance of probiotics. To further explain, Cetobacterium was significantly enriched in the S. platensis additive group and Stenotrophomonas was higher in the Schizochytrium sp. additive group than in the other groups. Conversely, harmful bacteria Mycoplasma reduced in all tested microalgae diet groups. Our study indicated that these microalgae could serve as a food source supplement and benefit the health of fish. KEY POINTS: • Microalgae diets enhanced the growth performance of zebrafish. • Microalgae diets attenuated the intestinal inflammatory responses of zebrafish. • Microalgae diets modulated the gut microbiota composition to improve fish health.
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20
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Saxena A, Kumar Singh P, Bhatnagar A, Tiwari A. Growth of marine diatoms on aquaculture wastewater supplemented with nanosilica. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 344:126210. [PMID: 34715335 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The aquaculture industry is a significant producer of highly nutritious food for the increasing global population. However, the wastewater generated from aquaculture ponds is an emerging global issue. The present study demonstrates the culturing of marine diatoms (Chaetoceros gracilis and Thalassiosira weissflogii) in different proportions of aquaculture wastewater (AQW) coupled with inductively coupled plasma nanosilica (ICP-SiO2) and further explores their biorefinery potential concomitant nutrient removal. Thalassiosira weissflogii showed maximum carbohydrate content (79.47 ± 0.21 mg g-1) in 10% and protein content (27.09 ± 0.21 mg g-1) in 30% AQW: ICP-SiO2. Chaetoceros gracilis showed maximum carbohydrate content (91.64 ± 0.11 mg g-1) in 50% and protein content (27.75 ± 0.05 mg g-1) in 10% AQW: ICP-SiO2 respectively. Additionally, Chaetoceros gracilis showed maximum nitrate uptake in 30%, phosphate in 50%, and ammonia in 50% AQW: ICP-SiO2. While Thalassiosira weissflogii showed maximum nitrate, phosphate, and ammonia removal efficiency in 50%, 50%, and 10% AQW: ICP-SiO2 respectively. The study draws attention towards the utilization of diatoms in AQW treatment, aquafeed potential thus imparting a global circular bioeconomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Saxena
- Diatom Research Laboratory, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201 313, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar Singh
- Diatom Research Laboratory, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201 313, India
| | - Amit Bhatnagar
- Department of Separation Science, LUT School of Engineering Science, LUT University, Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130 Mikkeli, Finland
| | - Archana Tiwari
- Diatom Research Laboratory, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201 313, India.
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21
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Valorization of Macroalgae through Fermentation for Aquafeed Production: A Review. FERMENTATION 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation7040304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased development of aquaculture has resulted in increased demand for high-protein aquafeed. An increased demand for high-protein aquafeed means an increase in exploitation of unsustainable protein sources such as fishmeal for aquafeed production. Thus, alternative protein sources such as fermented macroalgae is explored. Fermented macroalgae had been tested as aquaculture diets in some studies, but with limited coverage in relation to aquaculture. Therefore, this review provides a new perspective regarding their nutritional qualities as aquaculture diets, and their impacts on growth performances of aquaculture animals.
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22
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Potential of microalgae as a sustainable feed ingredient for aquaculture. J Biotechnol 2021; 341:1-20. [PMID: 34534593 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
An increase in fish consumption, combined with a decrease in wild fish harvest, is driving the aquaculture industry at rapid pace. Today, farmed seafood accounts for about half of all global seafood demand for human consumption. As the aquaculture industry continues to grow, so does the market for aquafeed. Currently, some of the feed ingredients are coming from low-value forage fishes (fish meal) and terrestrial plants. The production of fish meal can't be increased as it would affect the sustainability and ecosystem of the ocean. Similarly, increasing the production of terrestrial plant-based feed leads to deforestation and increased freshwater use. Hence, alternative and environmentally sustainable sources of feed ingredients need to be developed. Microalgae biomasses represent potential feed source ingredients as the cell metabolites of these microorganisms contain a blend of essential amino acids, healthy triglycerides as fat, vitamins, and pigments. In addition to serving as bulk ingredient in aquafeed, their unique array of bioactive compounds can increase the survivability of farmed species, improve coloration and quality of fillet. Microalgae has the highest areal biomass productivities among photosynthetic organisms, including fodder crops, and thus has a high commercial potential. Also, microalgal production has a low water and arable-land footprint, making microalgal-based feed environmentally sustainable. This review paper will explore the potential of producing microalgae biomass as an ingredient of aquaculture feed.
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23
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Recent Advances in Carbon Dioxide Conversion: A Circular Bioeconomy Perspective. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13126962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Managing the concentration of atmospheric CO2 requires a multifaceted engineering strategy, which remains a highly challenging task. Reducing atmospheric CO2 (CO2R) by converting it to value-added chemicals in a carbon neutral footprint manner must be the ultimate goal. The latest progress in CO2R through either abiotic (artificial catalysts) or biotic (natural enzymes) processes is reviewed herein. Abiotic CO2R can be conducted in the aqueous phase that usually leads to the formation of a mixture of CO, formic acid, and hydrogen. By contrast, a wide spectrum of hydrocarbon species is often observed by abiotic CO2R in the gaseous phase. On the other hand, biotic CO2R is often conducted in the aqueous phase and a wide spectrum of value-added chemicals are obtained. Key to the success of the abiotic process is understanding the surface chemistry of catalysts, which significantly governs the reactivity and selectivity of CO2R. However, in biotic CO2R, operation conditions and reactor design are crucial to reaching a neutral carbon footprint. Future research needs to look toward neutral or even negative carbon footprint CO2R processes. Having a deep insight into the scientific and technological aspect of both abiotic and biotic CO2R would advance in designing efficient catalysts and microalgae farming systems. Integrating the abiotic and biotic CO2R such as microbial fuel cells further diversifies the spectrum of CO2R.
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Rosenau S, Oertel E, Mott AC, Tetens J. The Effect of a Total Fishmeal Replacement by Arthrospira platensis on the Microbiome of African Catfish ( Clarias gariepinus). Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11060558. [PMID: 34198518 PMCID: PMC8231832 DOI: 10.3390/life11060558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of fishmeal supplements are becoming the focus of aquaculture research, with a special emphasis on microalgae/cyanobacteria such as spirulina being considered as sustainable alternatives. New feed ingredients can have a far-reaching impact on the intestinal microbiome and therefore play an important role in the development and the health of fish. However, the influence of these alternatives on the microbiome is largely unknown. We undertook a 10 weeks feeding experiment on 120 African catfish with an initial body weight of 50.1 ± 2.95 g. To understand the effect of the spirulina supplementation, two isoenergetic experimental diets were formulated, containing either fishmeal or spirulina as a protein source. The 16S rRNA sequencing was used to analyze the intestinal bacteria microbiota. Results show that the observed richness indicated no significant statistical difference, but Chao1, ACE, Shannon, and Simpson indices indicate a possible increase in bacterial richness for the spirulina diet. The most abundant bacteria in both experimental groups were Fusobacteriia with the only taxa from the genus Cetobacterium. The bacterium from genus Romboutsia was more likely to be found in the microbiome of fish fed the fishmeal diet. In spirulina-fed fish, the genera Plesiomonas and Bacteroides were the most dominant microbes observed. Even though some genera were more abundant in the spirulina group, the overall microbial community structure was not affected by diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Rosenau
- Department of Animal Science, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; (E.O.); (A.C.M.); (J.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49551-395630
| | - Elisa Oertel
- Department of Animal Science, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; (E.O.); (A.C.M.); (J.T.)
| | - Alexander Charles Mott
- Department of Animal Science, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; (E.O.); (A.C.M.); (J.T.)
| | - Jens Tetens
- Department of Animal Science, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; (E.O.); (A.C.M.); (J.T.)
- Center for Integrated Breeding Research, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
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Osmond ATY, Arts MT, Hall JR, Rise ML, Bazinet RP, Armenta RE, Colombo SM. Schizochytrium sp. (T18) Oil as a Fish Oil Replacement in Diets for Juvenile Rainbow Trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss): Effects on Growth Performance, Tissue Fatty Acid Content, and Lipid-Related Transcript Expression. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:1185. [PMID: 33924273 PMCID: PMC8074903 DOI: 10.3390/ani11041185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated whether oil extracted from the marine microbe, Schizochytrium sp. (strain T18), with high levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), could replace fish oil (FO) in diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Three experimental diets were tested: (1) a control diet with fish oil (FO diet), (2) a microbial oil (MO) diet with a blend of camelina oil (CO) referred to as MO/CO diet, and (3) a MO diet (at a higher inclusion level). Rainbow trout (18.8 ± 2.9 g fish-1 initial weight ± SD) were fed for 8 weeks and evaluated for growth performance, fatty acid content and transcript expression of lipid-related genes in liver and muscle. There were no differences in growth performance measurements among treatments. In liver and muscle, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) was highest in trout fed the FO diet compared to the MO/CO and MO diets. Liver DHA was highest in trout fed the MO/CO diet compared to the FO and MO diets. Muscle DHA was highest in trout fed the MO and MO/CO diets compared to the FO diet. In trout fed the MO/CO diet, compared to the MO diet, fadsd6b was higher in both liver and muscle. In trout fed the FO or MO/CO diets, compared to the MO diet, cox1a was higher in both liver and muscle, cpt1b1a was higher in liver and cpt1a1a, cpt1a1b and cpt1a2a were higher in muscle. Schizochytrium sp. (T18) oil was an effective source of DHA for rainbow trout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelisa T. Y. Osmond
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada;
| | - Michael T. Arts
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada;
| | - Jennifer R. Hall
- Aquatic Research Cluster, CREAIT Network, Ocean Sciences Centre, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada;
| | - Matthew L. Rise
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada;
| | - Richard P. Bazinet
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
| | - Roberto E. Armenta
- Mara Renewables Corporation, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4T6, Canada;
- Department of Process Engineering and Applied Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Stefanie M. Colombo
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada;
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Zheng S, Chen S, Zou S, Yan Y, Gao G, He M, Wang C, Chen H, Wang Q. Bioremediation of Pyropia-processing wastewater coupled with lipid production using Chlorella sp. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 321:124428. [PMID: 33272824 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pyropia-processing wastewater (PPW) contains diverse organic nutrients and causes environmental pollution. To explore the nutrient removal efficiency and growth performance of Chlorella sp. on PPW, the cultures were conducted in different culture substrates. Results showed that, after 7 days of incubation, the removal rates of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and phycobiliprotein (PP) all reached more than 90% by cultivating Chlorella sp. C2 and C. sorokiniana F-275 in PPW. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies could be over 50%. Meanwhile, the increments of biomass in two tested Chlorella strains were 1.39 and 4.89 times higher than those of BG11 and BBM substrates and the increases in lipid productivity were 1.34 and 10.18- fold, respectively. The C18:3 fatty acid proportions were markedly reduced by 27.89% and 29.10%. These results suggest that Chlorella sp. could efficiently reduce various nutrients in PPW and simultaneously accumulate higher biomass with higher biodiesel characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyan Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Shanyi Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Shangyun Zou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Yiwen Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Guang Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Meilin He
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Changhai Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
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27
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Ma K, Bao Q, Wu Y, Chen S, Zhao S, Wu H, Fan J. Evaluation of Microalgae as Immunostimulants and Recombinant Vaccines for Diseases Prevention and Control in Aquaculture. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:590431. [PMID: 33304890 PMCID: PMC7701134 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.590431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgae are often used as nutritional supplements for aquatic animals and are widely used in the aquaculture industry, providing direct or indirect nutrients for many aquatic animals. Microalgae are abundant in nature, of high nutritional value, and some of them are non-toxic and rich in antioxidants so that they can be explored as a medicinal carrier for human or animals. Natural wild-type microalgae can be adopted as an immunostimulant to enhance non-specific immune response and improve growth performance, among which Haematococcus pluvialis, Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis, and Chlorella spp. are commonly used. At present, there have been some successful cases of using microalgae to develop oral vaccines in the aquaculture industry. Researchers usually develop recombinant vaccines based on Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Dunaliella salina, and cyanobacteria. Among them, in the genetic modification of eukaryotic microalgae, many examples are expressing antigen genes in chloroplasts. They are all used for the prevention and control of single infectious diseases and most of them are resistant to shrimp virus infection. However, there is still no effective strategy targeting polymicrobial infections and few commercial vaccines are available. Although several species of microalgae are widely developed in the aquaculture industry, many of them have not yet established an effective and mature genetic manipulation system. This article systematically analyzes and discusses the above problems to provide ideas for the future development of highly effective microalgae recombinant oral vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiuwen Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Applied Biology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Siwei Chen
- Department of Applied Biology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuxin Zhao
- Department of Applied Biology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Haizhen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.,Department of Applied Biology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhua Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.,Department of Applied Biology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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Assil-Companioni L, Büchsenschütz HC, Solymosi D, Dyczmons-Nowaczyk NG, Bauer KKF, Wallner S, Macheroux P, Allahverdiyeva Y, Nowaczyk MM, Kourist R. Engineering of NADPH Supply Boosts Photosynthesis-Driven Biotransformations. ACS Catal 2020; 10:11864-11877. [PMID: 33101760 PMCID: PMC7574619 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
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Light-driven biocatalysis
in recombinant cyanobacteria provides
highly atom-efficient cofactor regeneration via photosynthesis,
thereby remediating constraints associated with sacrificial cosubstrates.
However, despite the remarkable specific activities of photobiocatalysts,
self-shading at moderate-high cell densities limits efficient space-time-yields
of heterologous enzymatic reactions. Moreover, efficient integration
of an artificial electron sink into the tightly regulated network
of cyanobacterial electron pathways can be highly challenging. Here,
we used C=C bond reduction of 2-methylmaleimide by the NADPH-dependent
ene-reductase YqjM as a model reaction for light-dependent biotransformations.
Time-resolved NADPH fluorescence spectroscopy allowed direct monitoring
of in-cell YqjM activity and revealed differences in NADPH steady-state
levels and oxidation kinetics between different genetic constructs.
This effect correlates with specific activities of whole-cells, which
demonstrated conversions of >99%. Further channelling of electrons
toward heterologous YqjM by inactivation of the flavodiiron proteins
(Flv1/Flv3) led to a 2-fold improvement in specific activity at moderate
cell densities, thereby elucidating the possibility of accelerating
light-driven biotransformations by the removal of natural competing
electron sinks. In the best case, an initial product formation rate
of 18.3 mmol h–1 L–1 was reached,
allowing the complete conversion of a 60 mM substrate solution within
4 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leen Assil-Companioni
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria
- ACIB GmbH, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Hanna C. Büchsenschütz
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Dániel Solymosi
- Molecular Plant Biology unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Turku, Turku 20014, Finland
| | - Nina G. Dyczmons-Nowaczyk
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology & Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Kristin K. F. Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Silvia Wallner
- Institute of Biochemistry, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 10, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Peter Macheroux
- Institute of Biochemistry, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 10, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Yagut Allahverdiyeva
- Molecular Plant Biology unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Turku, Turku 20014, Finland
| | - Marc M. Nowaczyk
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology & Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Robert Kourist
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria
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Parisi G, Tulli F, Fortina R, Marino R, Bani P, Dalle Zotte A, De Angelis A, Piccolo G, Pinotti L, Schiavone A, Terova G, Prandini A, Gasco L, Roncarati A, Danieli PP. Protein hunger of the feed sector: the alternatives offered by the plant world. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2020.1827993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana Parisi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie, Alimentari, Ambientali e Forestali, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Francesca Tulli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Riccardo Fortina
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Rosaria Marino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, degli Alimenti e dell’Ambiente, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Paolo Bani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, della Nutrizione e degli Alimenti, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Antonella Dalle Zotte
- Dipartimento di Medicina Animale, Produzioni e Salute (MAPS), University of Padua, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Anna De Angelis
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Piccolo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni Animali, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Luciano Pinotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie per la Salute, la Produzione Animale e la Sicurezza Alimentare, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Achille Schiavone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Torino, Italy
| | - Genciana Terova
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Scienze della Vita, Insubria University, Varese, Italy
| | - Aldo Prandini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, della Nutrizione e degli Alimenti, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Laura Gasco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Alessandra Roncarati
- Scuola di Bioscienze e Medicina Veterinaria, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Danieli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali, Tuscia University, Viterbo, Italy
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Zhai X, Zhu C, Zhang Y, Pang H, Kong F, Wang J, Chi Z. Seawater supplemented with bicarbonate for efficient marine microalgae production in floating photobioreactor on ocean: A case study of Chlorella sp. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 738:139439. [PMID: 32531581 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cultivation of microalgae on ocean provides a promising way to produce massive biomass without utilizing limited land space, and using seawater as culture medium can avoid consumption of valuable fresh water. Bicarbonate is proved as a better approach for carbon supply in microalgae cultivation, but Ca2+ and Mg2+ in seawater is subjected to precipitate with carbonate derived from it. In this study, cultivation with this medium for a marine Chlorella sp. resulted in productivity of 0.470 g L-1 day-1, despite of continual precipitation caused by increased pH due to bicarbonate consumption. Actually, this precipitation is favorable, since it can work as a flocculation harvesting method for microalgae. The highest flocculation efficiency of 98.9 ± 0.0% was observed in cultures with 7.0 g L-1 NaHCO3, which was higher than that of cultures without bicarbonate (44.1 ± 0.2%). Additionally, the spent medium after flocculation supported better growth (1.60 ± 0.0 g L-1) than the fresh medium (1.26 ± 0.0 g L-1). Outdoor cultivation with floating photobioreactor on ocean resulted in the productivity of 0.190 g L-1 day-1, which was higher than that in land-based culture systems. The floating system also benefited from better temperature control with range from 20.6 to 37.2 °C, due to solar heating and surrounding water cooling. These results showed feasibility of efficient microalgae biomass production with fully utilizing of ocean resources, including culture medium preparation and temperature control with seawater, as well as wave energy for mixing, holding great potential to produce massive biomass to support sustainable development of human society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Zhai
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Chenba Zhu
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yongcheng Zhang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Hao Pang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Fantao Kong
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jinghan Wang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Zhanyou Chi
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
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Cheng P, Zhou C, Chu R, Chang T, Xu J, Ruan R, Chen P, Yan X. Effect of microalgae diet and culture system on the rearing of bivalve mollusks: Nutritional properties and potential cost improvements. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.102076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Skalli A, Firmino JP, Andree KB, Salomón R, Estévez A, Puig P, Sabater-Martínez M, Hechavarria T, Gisbert E. The Inclusion of the Microalga Scenedesmus sp. in Diets for Rainbow Trout, Onchorhynchus mykiss, Juveniles. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10091656. [PMID: 32942719 PMCID: PMC7552274 DOI: 10.3390/ani10091656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This study aimed to evaluate the suitability of the microalga Scenedesmus sp. in diets for rainbow trout juveniles. Considering previous results with similar species, the authors tested the inclusion of this microalga at 5% in diets (48% protein and 18% lipid levels). After 45 days, neither trout growth nor feed efficiency parameters nor fillet proximate composition were negatively affected by the inclusion of the microalga in the diet. In addition, provision of the diet containing the microalga did not lead to observable negative effects on liver or intestinal histological organization and function. Dietary Scenedesmus sp. improved the nutritional quality of the fillet in terms of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels, especially docosahexanoic acid (DHA), although it did alter the color of the fillet. In addition, feeding rainbow trout with diets containing Scenedesmus sp. modified the lipid class composition in the liver by increasing the levels of polar phospholipids with regard to triacylglycerides; results that may be attributed to dietary-induced changes in lipid metabolism. Results showed that the green microalga Scenedesmus sp. is a safe ingredient for compound feeds in rainbow trout when considering fish growth performance, condition, and health parameters, although the visual appearance of the fillet was affected. Abstract A nutritional study was conducted to evaluate the inclusion of the green microalga Scenedesmus sp. at 5% (SCE-5) as an alternative fishmeal ingredient. This microalga was tested with four replicates during 45 days using isolipidic (18%), isoproteic (48%), and isoenergetic (1.9 MJ kg−1) diets. Fish fed Scenedesmus sp. showed similar growth and feed efficiency parameters as the control group. Regarding the digestive function, the SCE-5 diet enhanced the activity of alkaline pancreatic proteases, whereas it did not affect that of intestinal enzymes involved in nutrient absorption. No histological alterations were found in fish fed the SCE-5 diet, although a higher density of goblet cells in the anterior intestine and changes in gut microbiome diversity were found in this group, which collectively suggests positive effects of this green microalga on the intestine. Dietary Scenedesmus sp. improved the fillet’s nutritional quality in terms of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels, although it also increased its yellowish color. The overall results of this study showed that Scenedesmus sp. is a safe ingredient for compound feeds in rainbow trout when considering fish growth performance, animal condition, and health parameters, although it substantially affected the color of the fillet that may potentially affect consumers’ preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Skalli
- Laboratory Observatory of the Marchica Lagoon of Nador and Limiting Regions (OLMAN-RL), Multidisciplinary Faculty of Nador, Mohamed 1st University, BP 300, Nador 62700, Morocco;
| | - Joana P. Firmino
- IRTA, Centre de Sant Carles de la Rápita (IRTA-SCR), Aquaculture Program, Crta. del Poble Nou Km 5.5, 43540 Sant Carles de la Rápita, Spain; (J.P.F.); (K.B.A.); (R.S.); (A.E.)
| | - Karl B. Andree
- IRTA, Centre de Sant Carles de la Rápita (IRTA-SCR), Aquaculture Program, Crta. del Poble Nou Km 5.5, 43540 Sant Carles de la Rápita, Spain; (J.P.F.); (K.B.A.); (R.S.); (A.E.)
| | - Ricardo Salomón
- IRTA, Centre de Sant Carles de la Rápita (IRTA-SCR), Aquaculture Program, Crta. del Poble Nou Km 5.5, 43540 Sant Carles de la Rápita, Spain; (J.P.F.); (K.B.A.); (R.S.); (A.E.)
| | - Alicia Estévez
- IRTA, Centre de Sant Carles de la Rápita (IRTA-SCR), Aquaculture Program, Crta. del Poble Nou Km 5.5, 43540 Sant Carles de la Rápita, Spain; (J.P.F.); (K.B.A.); (R.S.); (A.E.)
| | - Patricia Puig
- Andrés Pintaluba S.A., Polígono Industrial Agro-Reus, C. Prudenci Bertrana 5, 43206 Reus, Spain; (P.P.); (M.S.-M.); (T.H.)
| | - Mar Sabater-Martínez
- Andrés Pintaluba S.A., Polígono Industrial Agro-Reus, C. Prudenci Bertrana 5, 43206 Reus, Spain; (P.P.); (M.S.-M.); (T.H.)
| | - Teresa Hechavarria
- Andrés Pintaluba S.A., Polígono Industrial Agro-Reus, C. Prudenci Bertrana 5, 43206 Reus, Spain; (P.P.); (M.S.-M.); (T.H.)
| | - Enric Gisbert
- IRTA, Centre de Sant Carles de la Rápita (IRTA-SCR), Aquaculture Program, Crta. del Poble Nou Km 5.5, 43540 Sant Carles de la Rápita, Spain; (J.P.F.); (K.B.A.); (R.S.); (A.E.)
- Correspondence:
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Tejido-Nuñez Y, Aymerich E, Sancho L, Refardt D. Co-cultivation of microalgae in aquaculture water: Interactions, growth and nutrient removal efficiency at laboratory- and pilot-scale. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.101940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Abstract
Single-cell ingredients (SCI) are a relatively broad class of materials that encompasses bacterial, fungal (yeast), microalgal-derived products or the combination of all three microbial groups into microbial bioflocs and aggregates. In this review we focus on those dried and processed single-cell organisms used as potential ingredients for aqua-feeds where the microorganisms are considered non-viable and are used primarily to provide protein, lipids or specific nutritional components. Among the SCI, there is a generalised dichotomy in terms of their use as either single-cell protein (SCP) resources or single-cell oil (SCO) resources, with SCO products being those oleaginous products containing 200 g/kg or more of lipids, whereas those products considered as SCP resources tend to contain more than 300 g/kg of protein (on a dry basis). Both SCP and SCO are now widely being used as protein/amino acid sources, omega-3 sources and sources of bioactive molecules in the diets of several species, with the current range of both these ingredient groups being considerable and growing. However, the different array of products becoming available in the market, how they are produced and processed has also resulted in different nutritional qualities in those products. In assessing this variation among the products and the application of the various types of SCI, we have taken the approach of evaluating their use against a set of standardised evaluation criteria based around key nutritional response parameters and how these criteria have been applied against salmonids, shrimp, tilapia and marine fish species.
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Abstract
Agribusiness could be the most promising sector for algae biomass exploitation and popularization. In this paper we summarize the scope of interests in agribusiness which can be fulfilled with algae exploitation. A high growth rate, a high ability to bind carbon dioxide and the potential to accumulate biogenic elements and light metals mean that algae can be used as a raw material for production of biofertilizers, biopesticides, feeds and feed additives. The use of the means of agricultural production based on algae can take place both in organic and conventional agriculture. The development of innovative and low-cost technologies of algae production, including the possibilities of their use in rural areas, provide a basis for changes, improvements and modifications to the existing solutions in the scope of production and use of industrial means of agricultural production. We also show that although there are quite diverse methods of production, and various micro and macro species diversified in chemical content, the economic viability of algae-based agribusiness is still in its infancy. The wide utilization of algae for food product manufacturing opens alternative ways for food acquisition, protecting both the food supply and the planet’s resources. The sustainability aspects of mass algae production implementation seem to be indisputable regarding possible benefits resulting from such technology. The versatility of algae application in food products, along with the very high nutritive and bioactive profile of this ingredient, make this resource of high importance in a low-emission economy.
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Kokkinos K, Karayannis V, Moustakas K. Circular bio-economy via energy transition supported by Fuzzy Cognitive Map modeling towards sustainable low-carbon environment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 721:137754. [PMID: 32172116 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Several energy transition plans attempt to establish low-carbon practices towards a circular bio-economy in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, most actions only try to assuage the impacts of climate change without improving the resource flows generated by human activities. In this paper, we propose a semi-quantitative assessment of the impacts of biowaste-based energy transition by engaging all relevant social stakeholders' evaluation in the strategic plan. This holistic approach models a Decision Support System (DSS) to effectively evaluate the interplay of local and sectoral low-carbon actions. Regional energy alliances and stakeholders are used for participatory modeling to promote the buildup of the learning base of this DSS. The core pillar of the DSS involves the application of advanced features of soft computing for the development of a Fuzzy Cognitive Map (FCM) that elicits the inter-causalities of the critical factors affecting the energy transitions towards bio-economy options. The concepts participating in the map are established by experts, and their interrelations via a learning process that utilizes survey statistics. The strands of research include scenarios to highlight the effect of energy provision to urbanization and the increase of urban actors (social, technological, political) in influencing the decision making related to low-carbon policies. Particularly, we study a use case of a Greek region that, despite its munificent agricultural production, also disclosures a stimulated manufacturing economy sector. The proposed decision making tool uses analytics and optimization algorithms to guide competent authorities and decision makers to sustainable energy transitioning towards decarbonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Kokkinos
- University of Thessaly, Department of Computer Science and Telecommunications, Lamia, Greece
| | - Vayos Karayannis
- University of Western Macedonia, Department of Chemical Engineering, Kozani, Greece.
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Metabolic Innovations Underpinning the Origin and Diversification of the Diatom Chloroplast. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9080322. [PMID: 31366180 PMCID: PMC6723447 DOI: 10.3390/biom9080322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Of all the eukaryotic algal groups, diatoms make the most substantial contributions to photosynthesis in the contemporary ocean. Understanding the biological innovations that have occurred in the diatom chloroplast may provide us with explanations to the ecological success of this lineage and clues as to how best to exploit the biology of these organisms for biotechnology. In this paper, we use multi-species transcriptome datasets to compare chloroplast metabolism pathways in diatoms to other algal lineages. We identify possible diatom-specific innovations in chloroplast metabolism, including the completion of tocopherol synthesis via a chloroplast-targeted tocopherol cyclase, a complete chloroplast ornithine cycle, and chloroplast-targeted proteins involved in iron acquisition and CO2 concentration not shared between diatoms and their closest relatives in the stramenopiles. We additionally present a detailed investigation of the chloroplast metabolism of the oil-producing diatom Fistulifera solaris, which is of industrial interest for biofuel production. These include modified amino acid and pyruvate hub metabolism that might enhance acetyl-coA production for chloroplast lipid biosynthesis and the presence of a chloroplast-localised squalene synthesis pathway unknown in other diatoms. Our data provides valuable insights into the biological adaptations underpinning an ecologically critical lineage, and how chloroplast metabolism can change even at a species level in extant algae.
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