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Mulani F, Nandikol SS, Haldar S, Thulasiram HV. Accurate Identification of Bioactive Meliaceae Limonoids by UHPLC-MS/MS Based Structure-Fragment Relationships (SFRs). ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:26454-26476. [PMID: 34661002 PMCID: PMC8515590 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Limonoids are bioactive plant specialized metabolites found in the Meliaceae family. The basic limonoids, i.e., azadiradione, epoxyazadiradione, and gedunin have been exploited for various bioactivities and therefore are the potential drug leads for tomorrow. However, their low abundance, structural similarity, and lack of adequate mass fragmentation data have hampered their accurate identification and quantification from various sources. In the present study, basic limonoids such as azadirone, azadiradione, epoxyazadiradione, and gedunin isolated from Neem were utilized for the synthesis of their derivatives and isotopologs. A total of 30 one compounds were used in this study among which five were isolated, two were biotransformed, and 24 were synthesized. Among the synthesized compounds nine are novel compounds including six deuterated analogs/isotopologs which are (1,3-2H)-1,2-dihydro-3β-hydroxyazadiradione (9), (1,3,16-2H)-1,2-dihydro-3β-16β-dihydroxyazadiradione (10), 3β-hydroxyazadiradione (11), 3β-16β-dihydroxyazadiradione (12), (3-2H)-3β-hydroxyazadiradione (13), (3,16-2H)-3β-16β-dihydroxyazadiradione (14), (1,3,7-2H)-1,2-dihydro-3β-hydroxy-7-deacetylazadiradione (15), 1,2,20,21,22,23-hexahydroazadiradione (17), and (1,3-2H)-1,2-dihydro-3β-hydroxygedunin (29). These limonoids along with their semisynthesized derivatives were subjected to ultra high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) and the fragmentation pathway was established based on structure-fragment relationships (SFRs), utilizing high resolution MS/MS data. We have developed a most reliable and easily reproducible protocol describing in depth analysis of SFRs based on the structural modifications and synthesis of isotopologs. Also, the MS/MS fragment library of these basic limonoids generated in this study acts as a fingerprint for accurate identification and quantification of limonoids by MS/MS analysis in various plant tissue extracts, phytopharmaceutical formulations and biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fayaj
A. Mulani
- Chemical
Biology Unit, Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sharvani S. Nandikol
- Chemical
Biology Unit, Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Saikat Haldar
- Chemical
Biology Unit, Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
| | - Hirekodathakallu V. Thulasiram
- Chemical
Biology Unit, Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- CSIR-Institute
of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, New Delhi 110007, India
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Smyth WF, McClean S, Massaro CF, Smyth TJ, Brooks P, Robledo VR. Characterization of Synthetic and Natural Product Pharmaceuticals by Functional Group Analysis using Electrospray Ionization-Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry: A Mini-Review. ANAL LETT 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2015.1045590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Duarte K, Rocha-Santos TA, Freitas AC, Duarte AC. Analytical techniques for discovery of bioactive compounds from marine fungi. Trends Analyt Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2011.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Musharraf SG, Goher M, Ali A, Adhikari A, Choudhary MI. Rapid characterization and identification of steroidal alkaloids in Sarcococca coriacea using liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadropole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Steroids 2012; 77:138-48. [PMID: 22093483 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2011.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Revised: 10/30/2011] [Accepted: 11/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Rapid characterization of 23 pregnane-type steroidal alkaloids was studied using a positive ion electrospray ionization quadropole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ESI-QqTOF-MS/MS) hybrid instrument. ESI-QqTOF-MS (positive ion mode) showed the presence of the protonated molecules [M+H](+) which through low-energy collision-induced dissociation tandem mass spectrometric (CID-MS/MS) analysis showed the characteristic loss of dimethylamine moiety [M+H-45](+) followed by the sequential lossess of attached substituents. Steroidal alkaloids having tigloyl or senecioyl group at C-3 produced diagnostic fragment ions at m/z 100 and 83. Our study also demonstrates the influence of unsaturation, and number and nature of substitutents on product ion abundance and fragment ions. Moreover, the generalization of the fragmentation pattern was linked with the structural features in steroidal skeleton. This strategy was successfully applied in LC-ESI-QqTOF-MS/MS analysis of Sarcococca coriacea extract to investigate and characterize pregnane-type steroidal alkaloids in complex mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
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Jasiewicz B, Wojciechowska-Nowak M, Boczoń W, Wyrzykiewicz E. Electron ionization mass spectral study of oxo- and thio derivatives of minor tobacco alkaloids. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2011; 17:227-35. [PMID: 21828414 DOI: 10.1255/ejms.1131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The electron-ionization mass spectra (EI-MS) of oxo- and thio-derivatives of minor tobacco alkaloids and structurally similar piperidine alkaloids, i.e. thiocotinine (1), 2'-oxo-N-methylanabasine (2), 2'-thio-N- methylanabasine (3), 2'-oxoanabasamine (4) and 2'-thioanabasamine (5) are discussed and general fragmentation routes of their molecular cations are proposed. Comparison of the data obtained for 1 with the EI-MS data of metameric metabolites of nicotine: 3'-hydroxycotinine, (A) and 5'-hydroxycotinine, (B) allows a differentiation between these metamers. The data will be useful for the identification of metabolites of alkaloids of these types in biological matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Jasiewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland.
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Mass Spectrometry as a Powerful Analytical Technique for the Structural Characterization of Synthesized and Natural Products. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/978-90-481-9815-3_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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Wang B, Zhao L, Wang H, Zhang Y, Zhang G. Determination of Tiopronin in Human Plasma and Pharmacokinetics by LC-ESI-MS. Chromatographia 2009. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-009-1105-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Vale N, Matos J, Moreira R, Gomes P. Electrospray ionization-ion trap mass spectrometry study of PQAAPro and PQProAA mimetic derivatives of the antimalarial primaquine. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2008; 19:1476-1490. [PMID: 18657994 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2008.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2008] [Revised: 06/20/2008] [Accepted: 06/20/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Electrospray ionization-ion trap mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) of imidazolidin-4-one peptidomimetic derivatives of the antimalarial drug primaquine (PQ) is reported. These compounds contain the imidazolidin-4-one moiety either at the N- or the C-terminal of a dipeptide backbone, thus respectively mimicking PQ-Amino Acid-Proline (PQAAPro) and PQProAA derivatives of PQ. Both the peptidomimetics and precursors previously developed by us are promising drug candidates, as they were found to be active against rodent Plasmodium berghei malaria and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Collision-induced dissociation (CID) and tandem-mass spectra (MS) of the title compounds, and fragmentation pathways thereof, led to the following findings: (1) CID patterns present some parallelism with the reactivity towards hydrolysis previously found for the same or related compounds; (2) a positional shift of the imidazolidin-4-one ring is reflected on both degree and pathways of fragmentation, which makes tandem-MS a key tool for differentiation of imidazolidin-4-one isomers; (3) the major MS/MS fragmentation of PQProAA mimetics involves release of a neutral diketopiperazine (DKP), in parallel to the "diketopiperazine pathway" described in tandem-MS studies of oligopeptides; (4) the relative abundance of a major fragment in tandem-MS spectra is inversely correlated with the size of the N-terminal AA in PQProAA mimetics. Overall, this work embodies an original and valuable contribution towards a deeper insight into the molecular properties of novel antimalarials, which can be viewed as representative of both the 8-aminoquinoline and, especially, the imidazolidin-4-one structural classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno Vale
- CIQUP, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Rida M, El Meslouhi H, Es-Safi NE, Essassi EM, Banoub J. Gas-phase fragmentation study of novel synthetic 1,5-benzodiazepine derivatives using electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2008; 22:2253-2268. [PMID: 18561279 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.3612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The fragmentation patterns of a series of three novel synthesized 3-hydroxy-4-phenyl-tetrahydro-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-ones (1-3), possessing the same backbone structure, were investigated using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) techniques. A simple methodology, based on the use of ESI (positive ion mode) and by increasing the declustering potential in the atmospheric pressure/vacuum interface, collision-induced dissociation (CID), was used to enhance the formation of the fragment ions. In general, the novel synthetic 1,5-benzodiazepine derivatives afforded, in the gas phase, both protonated and sodiated molecules. This led to the confirmation of the molecular masses and chemical structures of the studied compounds. Exact accurate masses were measured using a high-resolution ESI-quadrupole orthogonal time-of-flight (QqToF)-MS/MS hybrid mass spectrometer instrument. The breakdown routes of the protonated molecules were rationalized by conducting low-energy collision CID-MS/MS analyses (product ion- and precursor ion scans) using a conventional quadrupole-hexapole-quadrupole (QhQ) tandem mass spectrometer. All the observed major fragmentations for the 1,5-benzodiazepines occurred in the saturated seven-membered ring containing the nitrogen atoms. These formed a multitude of product ions by different breakdown routes. All the major fragmentations involved cleavages of the N-1-C-2 and C-3-C-4 bonds. These occurred with concomitant eliminations of glyoxal, benzene and ethyl formate, forming the product ion at m/z 119, which was observed in all the studied compounds. In addition, an unique simultaneous CID-MS/MS fragmentation was noticed for the 1,5-benzodiazepines 1 and 3, which occurred by a pathway dictated by the substituent located on the N-1-position. It was evident that the aromatic ring portion of the 1,5-benzodiazepines was resistant to CID-MS/MS fragmentation. Re-confirmation of the various geneses of the product ions was achieved by conducting a series of precursor ion scans. ESI-MS and CID-MS/MS analyses have thus proven to be a specific and very sensitive method for the structural identification of these novel 1,5-benzodiazepine derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Rida
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Hétérocyclique, Pôle de Compétences Pharmacochimie, Université Mohammed V-Agdal, Faculté des Sciences, Rabat, Morocco
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Tadjimukhamedov FK, Stone JA, Papanastasiou D, Rodriguez JE, Mueller W, Sukumar H, Eiceman GA. Liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization/ion mobility spectrometry of chlorophenols with full flow from large bore LC columns. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s12127-008-0004-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Rishton GM. Natural products as a robust source of new drugs and drug leads: past successes and present day issues. Am J Cardiol 2008; 101:43D-49D. [PMID: 18474274 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2008.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The history of drug development has its foundation firmly set in the study of natural remedies used to treat human disease over centuries. Analysis of medicinal plants, bioactive cultures, and increased understanding of micronutrients in the food chain opened the door to the development of purified and defined chemical compounds as dose-controlled medicines. Thus, with the early discovery of cardiotonics in foxglove, salicylic acid in willow bark, morphine in poppies, and penicillin in mold, the pharmaceutical industry was launched. Such natural small molecules served as treatments for disease and ultimately, as pharmacologic tools to enable the understanding of the biochemical pathways and mechanisms of disease. In contrast, modern drug discovery technologies coupled with the powerful tools of biotechnology have prompted drug discovery organizations to focus on target-driven drug discovery at the molecular level by launching high-throughput screening programs using artificial biochemical assays. At a time when the pharmaceutical industry has come under scrutiny for high rates of drug development failure, it is interesting to see that natural products drug discovery has been marginalized in favor of this high-throughput biochemical screening paradigm. If modern drug development is once again to benefit from natural products as a source, then the limitations of artificial biochemical assays as applied to the screening of natural extracts must be realized in order to capitalize on the vast natural molecular diversity and rich ethnobotanic data that has emerged worldwide. Natural compounds can again become central players in the treatment of disease and in the understanding of disease mechanisms.
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Fraschetti C, Aschi M, Filippi A, Giardini A, Speranza M. Fast stereoselective reactions in electrosprayed Co(ii)/neurotransmitter nanodroplets. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:2544-6. [DOI: 10.1039/b801201f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Gilpin
- Brehm Research Laboratory, University Park, Wright State University, Fairborn, Ohio 45324-2031, USA
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Current literature in mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2007; 42:407-418. [PMID: 17326037 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
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