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Bagheri M, Ghorbani F, Akbari-Lalimi H, Akbari-Zadeh H, Asadinezhad M, Shafaghi A, Montazerabadi A. Histopathological graded liver lesions: what role does the IVIM analysis method have? MAGMA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 36:565-575. [PMID: 36943581 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-022-01060-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to investigate three different image processing methods on quantitative parameters of IVIM sequence, as well as apparent diffusion coefficients and simple perfusion fractions, for benign and malignant liver tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS IVIM images with 8 b-values (0-1000 s/mm2) and 1.5 T MRI scanner in 16 patients and 3 healthy people were obtained. Next, the regions of interest were selected for malignant, benign, and healthy liver regions (50, 56, and 12, respectively). Then, the bi-exponential equation of the IVIM technique was fitted with two segmented fitting methods as well as one full fitting method (three methods in total). Using the segmented fitting method, diffusion coefficient (D) is fixed with a mono-exponential equation with b-values that are greater than 200 s/mm2. The perfusion fraction (f) can then be calculated by extrapolating, as the first method, or fitting simultaneously with the pseudo-diffusion coefficient (D*) as the second method. In the full fitting method, as the third method, all IVIM parameters were obtained simultaneously. The mean values of parameters from different methods were compared in different grades of lesions. RESULTS Our results indicate that the image processing method can change statistical comparisons between different groups for each parameter. The D value is the only quantity in this technique that does not depend on the fitting process and can be used as an indicator of comparison between studies (P < 0.05). The most effective method to distinguish liver lesions is the extrapolated f method (first method). This method created a significant difference (P < 0.05) between the perfusion parameters between benign and malignant lesions. CONCLUSION Using extrapolated f is the most effective method of distinguishing liver lesions using IVIM parameters. The comparison between groups does not depend on the fitting method only for parameter D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Bagheri
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Ghorbani
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Akbari-Lalimi
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hadi Akbari-Zadeh
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Asadinezhad
- Department of Radiology Technology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Afshin Shafaghi
- Caspian Digestive Disease Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Alireza Montazerabadi
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Medical Physics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Yue X, Lu Y, Jiang Q, Dong X, Kan X, Wu J, Kong X, Han P, Yu J, Li Q. Application of Intravoxel Incoherent Motion in the Evaluation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Transarterial Chemoembolization. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:9855-9866. [PMID: 36547188 PMCID: PMC9776688 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29120774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: To assess the efficacy of the quantitative parameters of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion-weighted imaging for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnosis after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). (2) Methods: Fifty HCC patients after TACE were included and underwent MRI. All of the patients were scanned with the IVIM-DWI sequence and underwent TACE retreatment within 1 week. Referring to digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and MR enhanced images, two readers measured the f, D, and D* values of the tumor active area (TAA), tumor necrotic area (TNA), and adjacent normal hepatic parenchyma (ANHP). Then, the distinctions of the TAA, TNA, and ANHP were compared and we analyzed the differential diagnosis of the parameters in three tissues. (3) Results: For values of f and D, there were significant differences between any of the TAA, TNA, and ANHP (p < 0.05). The values of f and D were the best indicators for identifying the TAA and TNA, with AUC values of 0.959 and 0.955, respectively. The values of f and D performed well for distinguishing TAA from ANHP, with AUC values of 0.835 and 0.753, respectively. (4) Conclusions: Quantitative IVIM-DWI was effective for evaluating tumor viability in HCC patients treated with TACE and may be helpful for non-invasive monitoring of the tumor viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Yue
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yuting Lu
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Qiqi Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiangjun Dong
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xuefeng Kan
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jiawei Wu
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiangchuang Kong
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ping Han
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
- Correspondence: (J.Y.); (Q.L.); Tel.: +86-139-9561-0820 (J.Y.); +86-134-0719-3751 (Q.L.)
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
- Correspondence: (J.Y.); (Q.L.); Tel.: +86-139-9561-0820 (J.Y.); +86-134-0719-3751 (Q.L.)
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3
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Zhou Y, Zheng J, Yang C, Peng J, Liu N, Yang L, Zhang XM. Application of intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging in hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:3334-3345. [PMID: 36158259 PMCID: PMC9346463 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i27.3334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The morbidity and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) rank 6th and 4th, respectively, among malignant tumors worldwide. Traditional diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) uses the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) obtained by applying the monoexponential model to reflect water molecule diffusion in active tissue; however, the value of ADC is affected by microcirculation perfusion. Using a biexponential model, intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM)-DWI quantitatively measures information related to pure water molecule diffusion and microcirculation perfusion, thus compensating for the shortcomings of DWI. The number of studies examining the application of IVIM-DWI in patients with HCC has gradually increased over the last few years, and many results show that IVIM-DWI has vital value for HCC differentiation, pathological grading, and predicting and evaluating the treatment response. The present study principally reviews the principle of IVIM-DWI and its research progress in HCC differentiation, pathological grading, predicting and evaluating the treatment response, predicting postoperative recurrence and predicting gene expression prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhou
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
- Department of Radiology, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang 618000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jing Zheng
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Cui Yang
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
- Department of Radiology, Panzhihua Central Hospital, Panzhihua 617000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Juan Peng
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
- Department of Radiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital Jinniu Hospital, Chengdu Jinniu District People's Hospital, Chengdu 610007, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Zhang
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
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Perfusion-Diffusion Ratio: A New IVIM Approach in Differentiating Solid Benign and Malignant Primary Lesions of the Liver. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:2957759. [PMID: 35075424 PMCID: PMC8783718 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2957759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Introduction In order to improve the efficacy of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) parameters in characterising specific tissues, a new concept is introduced: the perfusion–diffusion ratio (PDR), which expresses the relationship between the signal S(b) decline rate as a result of IVIM and the rate of signal S(b) decline due to diffusion. The aim of this study was to investigate this novel approach in the differentiation of solid primary liver lesions. Material and Methods. Eighty-three patients referred for liver MRI between August 2017 and January 2020 with a suspected liver tumour were prospectively examined with the standard liver MRI protocol extended by DWI-IVIM sequence. Patients with no liver lesions, haemangiomas, or metastases were excluded. The final study population consisted of 34 patients with primary solid liver masses, 9 with FNH, 4 with regenerative nodules, 10 with HCC, and 11 with CCC. The PDR coefficient was introduced, defined as the ratio of the rate of signal S(b) decrease due to the IVIM effect to the rate of signal S(b) decrease due to the diffusion process, for b = 0. Results No significant differences were found between benign and malignant lesions in the case of IVIM parameters (f, D, or D∗) and ADC. Significant differences were observed only for PDR, with lower values for malignant lesions (p = 0.03). The ROC analysis yielded an AUC value for PDR equal to 0.74, with a cut-off value of 5.06, sensitivity of 81%, specificity of 77%, and accuracy of 79%. Conclusion PDR proved to be more effective than IVIM parameters and ADC in the differentiation of solid benign and malignant primary liver lesions.
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Comparison of different ROI analysis methods for liver lesion characterization with simplified intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM). Sci Rep 2021; 11:22752. [PMID: 34815436 PMCID: PMC8610969 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01108-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of different ROI placement and analysis methods on the diagnostic performance of simplified IVIM-DWI for differentiating liver lesions. 1.5/3.0-T DWI data from a respiratory-gated MRI sequence (b = 0, 50, 250, 800 s/mm2) were analyzed in patients with malignant (n = 74/54) and benign (n = 35/19) lesions. Apparent diffusion coefficient ADC = ADC(0,800) and IVIM parameters D1' = ADC(50,800), D2' = ADC(250,800), f1' = f(0,50,800), f2' = f(0,250,800), and D*' = D*(0,50,250,800) were calculated voxel-wise. For each lesion, a representative 2D-ROI, a 3D-ROI whole lesion, and a 3D-ROI from "good" slices were placed, including and excluding centrally deviating areas (CDA) if present, and analyzed with various histogram metrics. The diagnostic performance of 2D- and 3D-ROIs was not significantly different; e.g. AUC (ADC/D1'/f1') were 0.958/0.902/0.622 for 2D- and 0.942/0.892/0.712 for whole lesion 3D-ROIs excluding CDA at 1.5 T (p > 0.05). For 2D- and 3D-ROIs, AUC (ADC/D1'/D2') were significantly higher, when CDA were excluded. With CDA included, AUC (ADC/D1'/D2'/f1'/D*') improved when low percentiles were used instead of averages, and was then comparable to the results of average ROI analysis excluding CDA. For lesion differentiation the use of a representative 2D-ROI is sufficient. CDA should be excluded from ROIs by hand or automatically using low percentiles of diffusion coefficients.
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Mürtz P, Mesropyan N, Sprinkart AM, Block W, Luetkens JA, Attenberger U, Pieper CC. Simplified intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted MRI of liver lesions: feasibility of combined two-colour index maps. Eur Radiol Exp 2021; 5:33. [PMID: 34368913 PMCID: PMC8349945 DOI: 10.1186/s41747-021-00233-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To evaluate the feasibility of two-colour index maps containing combined diffusion and perfusion information from simplified intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) for liver lesion malignancy assessment. Methods Diffusion-weighted data from a respiratory-gated 1.5-T magnetic resonance sequence were analysed in 109 patients with liver lesions. With three b values (0, 50, 800 s/mm2) estimated diffusion coefficient D′, perfusion fraction f′, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps were calculated and analysed for regions of interest (ROIs). D′ and f′ cutoff values were determined by differentiating haemangiomas from other lesions and focal nodular hyperplasias from other lesions, respectively. Combined IDf index maps were generated with a voxel value set to 100, if both D′ and f′ voxel values were lower than their cutoff values (1,529.4 × 10-6 mm2/s and 114.4 × 10-3, respectively), otherwise to 0. Moreover, IADC index maps were generated from ADC cutoff value (1,338.5 × 10-6 mm2/s) obtained by differentiating benign from malignant lesions. Discriminatory power was assessed for both IDf and IADC. Index maps were displayed as two-colour overlays to b-800 images and visually assessed within the translucent hyperintense areas. Results For IDf, the same diagnostic accuracy was achieved as for the combined use of parameters D′ and f′ (93.6%). Compared to IADC, IDf showed a higher diagnostic accuracy. Visual judgment of IDf yielded an accuracy (95.4%) similar to that of quantitative analysis (93.6%). Conclusion Voxel-wise combined two-colour index maps IDf provide similar diagnostic accuracy as ROI-based combination of estimated IVIM parameters D′ and f′ and are suitable for visual assessment of liver lesion malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Mürtz
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, D-53127, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Narine Mesropyan
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, D-53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alois M Sprinkart
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, D-53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Block
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, D-53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Julian A Luetkens
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, D-53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ulrike Attenberger
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, D-53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Claus C Pieper
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, D-53127, Bonn, Germany
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Cannella R, Sartoris R, Grégory J, Garzelli L, Vilgrain V, Ronot M, Dioguardi Burgio M. Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging for focal liver lesions: bridging the gap between research and clinical practice. Br J Radiol 2021; 94:20210220. [PMID: 33989042 PMCID: PMC8173689 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20210220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is highly important for the detection, characterization, and follow-up of focal liver lesions. Several quantitative MRI-based methods have been proposed in addition to qualitative imaging interpretation to improve the diagnostic work-up and prognostics in patients with focal liver lesions. This includes DWI with apparent diffusion coefficient measurements, intravoxel incoherent motion, perfusion imaging, MR elastography, and radiomics. Multiple research studies have reported promising results with quantitative MRI methods in various clinical settings. Nevertheless, applications in everyday clinical practice are limited. This review describes the basic principles of quantitative MRI-based techniques and discusses the main current applications and limitations for the assessment of focal liver lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Cannella
- Service de Radiologie, Hôpital Beaujon, APHP.Nord, Clichy, France.,Section of Radiology - BiND, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone", Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy.,Department of Health Promotion Sciences Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, PROMISE, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Jules Grégory
- Service de Radiologie, Hôpital Beaujon, APHP.Nord, Clichy, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Lorenzo Garzelli
- Service de Radiologie, Hôpital Beaujon, APHP.Nord, Clichy, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Vilgrain
- Service de Radiologie, Hôpital Beaujon, APHP.Nord, Clichy, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM U1149, CRI, Paris, France
| | - Maxime Ronot
- Service de Radiologie, Hôpital Beaujon, APHP.Nord, Clichy, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM U1149, CRI, Paris, France
| | - Marco Dioguardi Burgio
- Service de Radiologie, Hôpital Beaujon, APHP.Nord, Clichy, France.,INSERM U1149, CRI, Paris, France
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Kovač JD, Daković M, Janković A, Mitrović M, Dugalić V, Galun D, Đurić-Stefanović A, Mašulović D. The role of quantitative diffusion-weighted imaging in characterization of hypovascular liver lesions: A prospective comparison of intravoxel incoherent motion derived parameters and apparent diffusion coefficient. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247301. [PMID: 33606753 PMCID: PMC7894812 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The utility of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) related parameters in differentiation of hypovascular liver lesions is still unknown. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of IVIM related parameters in comparison to apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) for differentiation among intrahepatic mass-forming cholangiocarcinoma (IMC), and hypovascular liver metastases (HLM). METHODS Seventy-four prospectively enrolled patients (21 IMC, and 53 HLM) underwent 1.5T magnetic resonance examination with IVIM diffusion-weighted imaging using seven b values (0-800 s/mm2). Two independent readers performed quantitative analysis of IVIM-related parameters and ADC. Interobserver reliability was tested using a intraclass correlation coefficient. ADC, true diffusion coefficient (D), perfusion-related diffusion coefficient (D*), and perfusion fraction (ƒ) were compared among the lesions using Kruskal-Wallis H test. The diagnostic accuracy of each parameter was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS The interobserver agreement was good for ADC (0.802), and excellent for D, D*, and ƒ (0.911, 0.927, and 0.942, respectively). ADC, and D values were significantly different among IMC and HLM (both p < 0.05), while there was no significant difference among these lesions for ƒ and D* (p = 0.101, and p = 0.612, respectively). ROC analysis showed higher diagnostic performance of D in comparison to ADC (AUC = 0.879 vs 0.821). CONCLUSION IVIM-derived parameters in particular D, in addition to ADC, could help in differentiation between most common hypovascular malignant liver lesions, intrahepatic mass-forming cholangiocarcinoma and hypovascular liver metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Djokić Kovač
- Center for Radiology and Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
- School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- * E-mail:
| | - Marko Daković
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Janković
- Center for Radiology and Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Mitrović
- Center for Radiology and Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Dugalić
- School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- First Surgical Clinic, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Daniel Galun
- School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- First Surgical Clinic, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Đurić-Stefanović
- Center for Radiology and Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
- School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragan Mašulović
- Center for Radiology and Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
- School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Mahmood KA, Rashid RJ, Fateh SM, Mohammed NA. Evaluation of the Effect of Patient Preparation Using Castor Oil on ADC Value of Focal Liver Lesion. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:469-474. [PMID: 33623419 PMCID: PMC7896795 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s289661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To estimate the role of patient preparation using castor oil on the ADC value of focal liver lesion. Patients and Methods Retrospective case-control study over more than two years. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) of the upper abdomen performed for 87 cases and 71 controls in patients with focal hepatic hemangiomas. Cases were prepared using castor oil prior to the scan without identifiable unwanted effect, while controls did not receive any special preparation. Since liver hemangioma is a common lesion, it was selected and used as a sample. Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) values of focal liver lesion were calculated in cases and controls. Results The mean ADC value of liver hemangioma was lower in cases compared to controls; the mean ADC value was (2.21±0.39x10ˉ3mm2/s) in cases and (2.51±0.49x10ˉ3mm2/s) in controls. Left lobes were more affected by lesions; the mean ADC value of the left lobe lesions was (2.26±0.37 x10ˉ3mm2/s) and (2.86±0.43 x10ˉ3mm2/s) in cases and controls, respectively. The ADC value of lesions in the right lobe was (2.19±0.39x10ˉ3mm2/s) in cases and (2.39± 0.45x10ˉ3mm2/s) in controls. There was a significant segmental ADC variation; lesions at segments II, III, IVb, and V demonstrated illusive ADC elevation in controls. Conclusion There is erroneous elevation of lobar and segmental ADC value of liver hemangiomas in non prepared patients. This Potential source of error (peristalsis, partial volume, and paramagnetic gas effect of gastrointestinal tract) on hepatic lesions’ ADC value can be avoided by proper preparation using castor oil prior to MRI scanning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kawa Abdulla Mahmood
- University of Sulaimani, College of Medicine, Department of Surgery-Diagnostic Imaging Unit, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Rezheen Jamal Rashid
- University of Sulaimani, College of Medicine, Department of Surgery-Diagnostic Imaging Unit, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Salah Mohammed Fateh
- University of Sulaimani, College of Medicine, Department of Surgery-Diagnostic Imaging Unit, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Naser Abdullah Mohammed
- University of Sulaimani, College of Medicine, Department of Surgery-Diagnostic Imaging Unit, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
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Ai Z, Han Q, Huang Z, Wu J, Xiang Z. The value of multiparametric histogram features based on intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI) for the differential diagnosis of liver lesions. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1128. [PMID: 33240977 PMCID: PMC7576072 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-5109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background The present study analyzed whole-lesion histogram parameters from intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI) to explore the clinical value of IVIM histogram features in the differentiation of liver lesions. Methods In this retrospective study, 33 cases of hepatic hemangioma (HH), 22 cases of hepatic cysts (HC), and 34 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were underwent IVIM-DWI (b =0–600 s/mm2), which were confirmed pathologically and clinically. The data were processed by IVIM model to obtain the following quantitative indicators: perfusion fraction (f), slow diffusion coefficient (D), and pseudo-diffusion coefficient (or fast diffusion coefficient, D*). The region of interest in the largest solid part of the lesion was delineated for histogram analysis of the correlation between tissue image and lesion type. The relevant histogram parameters were obtained and statistically analyzed. The characteristic histogram parameters for HH, HC, and HCC were compared to find significantly different parameters. The diagnostic efficacies of these parameters for HH, liver cysts, and HCC were assessed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results There were significant differences in the maximum diameter, maximum value, minimum value, mean, median, standard deviation, uniformity, skewness, kurtosis, volume, 10th percentile (P10) of D, and 90th percentile (P90) of D between the three groups (P<0.05). The maximum diameter, minimum value, entropy, and volume of D* differed significantly between the three groups (P<0.05). The maximum diameter, minimum value, mean, median, skewness, kurtosis, volume, P10, and P90 of f differed significantly between the three groups (P<0.05). The largest area under the ROC curve (AUC) for both D* and f was that of volume (AUC =0.883 for both). When 1438.802 was used as the volume cut-off, the sensitivity and specificity of volume in differentiating between HH and HC were 87.88 and 77.27, respectively, and the sensitivity and specificity of volume in differentiating between HC and HCC were 77.27 and 85.29. Conclusions A multiparametric histogram from IVIM-DWI magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an effective means of identifying HH, HC, and HCC that provides valuable reference information for clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Ai
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou Panyu Center Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qijia Han
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou Panyu Center Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Huang
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou Panyu Center Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayan Wu
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou Panyu Center Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiming Xiang
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou Panyu Center Hospital, Guangzhou, China
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Tao YY, Zhou Y, Wang R, Gong XQ, Zheng J, Yang C, Yang L, Zhang XM. Progress of intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging in liver diseases. World J Clin Cases 2020; 8:3164-3176. [PMID: 32874971 PMCID: PMC7441263 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i15.3164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional magnetic resonance (MR) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) uses a single exponential model to obtain the apparent diffusion coefficient to quantitatively reflect the diffusion motion of water molecules in living tissues, but it is affected by blood perfusion. Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM)-DWI utilizes a double-exponential model to obtain information on pure water molecule diffusion and microcirculatory perfusion-related diffusion, which compensates for the insufficiency of traditional DWI. In recent years, research on the application of IVIM-DWI in the diagnosis and treatment of hepatic diseases has gradually increased and has achieved considerable progress. This study mainly reviews the basic principles of IVIM-DWI and related research progress in the diagnosis and treatment of hepatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Yun Tao
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Medical Research Center of Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Medical Research Center of Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Medical Research Center of Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xue-Qin Gong
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Medical Research Center of Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jing Zheng
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Medical Research Center of Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Cui Yang
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Medical Research Center of Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Medical Research Center of Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Zhang
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Medical Research Center of Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
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Quantitative Evaluation of Intravoxel Incoherent Motion and Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging in Assessment of Pathological Grade of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Acad Radiol 2020; 27:e176-e182. [PMID: 31727569 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2019.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES To evaluate the diagnostic value of intravoxel incoherent motion and diffusion kurtosis imaging parameters for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) grading. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 60 patients with pathologically proven ccRCC who underwent intravoxel incoherent motion and diffusion kurtosis imaging were retrospectively evaluated. The standard apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), true diffusivity (D), pseudo-diffusion coefficient (D*), perfusion fraction (f), mean kurtosis (MK), and mean diffusivity (MD) maps were calculated and compared between high-grade and low-grade ccRCC using Mann-Whitney U test. Receiver-operating characteristic analysis was performed for all parameters. RESULTS ADC, D and MD values were significantly lower for high-grade ccRCC compared to low-grade ccRCC (p < 0.05). MK values were significantly higher in high-grade ccRCC compared to low-grade ccRCC (p < 0.05). However, D* and f were not significantly difference between the two groups (p > 0.05). MD had the largest area under the curve (AUC = 0.888), followed by ADC (AUC = 0.796), D (AUC = 0.780), MK (AUC = 0.736), f (AUC = 0.582), and D*(AUC = 0.533). CONCLUSION Diffusion-related parameters (D, ADC, MD, and MK) were able to significantly distinguish between low- and high-grade ccRCC. However, perfusion-related parameters (D* and f) were unable to separate high- and low-grade ccRCC. MD may be the most promising parameter for grading ccRCC in the clinic.
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Mürtz P, Pieper CC, Reick M, Sprinkart AM, Schild HH, Willinek WA, Kukuk GM. Is liver lesion characterisation by simplified IVIM DWI also feasible at 3.0 T? Eur Radiol 2019; 29:5889-5900. [DOI: 10.1007/s00330-019-06192-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Zhang HX, Zhang XS, Kuai ZX, Zhou Y, Sun YF, Ba ZC, He KB, Sang XQ, Yao YF, Chu CY, Zhu YM. Determination of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Characterization of Hepatic Focal Lesions with Adaptive Multi-Exponential Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Model. Transl Oncol 2018; 11:1370-1378. [PMID: 30216762 PMCID: PMC6139005 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE: To distinguish hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from other types of hepatic lesions with the adaptive multi-exponential IVIM model. METHODS: 94 hepatic focal lesions, including 38 HCC, 16 metastasis, 12 focal nodular hyperplasia, 13 cholangiocarcinoma, and 15 hemangioma, were examined in this study. Diffusion-weighted images were acquired with 13 b values (b = 0, 3, …, 500 s/mm2) to measure the adaptive multi-exponential IVIM parameters, namely, pure diffusion coefficient (D), diffusion fraction (fd), pseudo-diffusion coefficient (Di*) and perfusion-related diffusion fraction (fi) of the ith perfusion component. Comparison of the parameters of and their diagnostic performance was determined using Mann-Whitney U test, independent-sample t test, one-way analysis of variance, Z test and receiver-operating characteristic analysis. RESULTS: D, D1* and D2* presented significantly difference between HCCs and other hepatic lesions, whereas fd, f1 and f2 did not show statistical differences. In the differential diagnosis of HCCs from other hepatic lesions, D2* (AUC, 0.927) provided best diagnostic performance among all parameters. Additionally, the number of exponential terms in the model was also an important indicator for distinguishing HCCs from other hepatic lesions. In the benign and malignant analysis, D gave the greatest AUC values, 0.895 or 0.853, for differentiation between malignant and benign lesions with three or two exponential terms. Most parameters were not significantly different between hypovascular and hypervascular lesions. For multiple comparisons, significant differences of D, D1* or D2* were found between certain lesion types. CONCLUSION: The adaptive multi-exponential IVIM model was useful and reliable to distinguish HCC from other hepatic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xia Zhang
- Imaging Center, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xiu-Shi Zhang
- Imaging Center, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Zi-Xiang Kuai
- Imaging Center, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Yang Zhou
- Imaging Center, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yun-Feng Sun
- Imaging Center, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Zhi-Chang Ba
- Imaging Center, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Kuang-Bang He
- Imaging Center, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xi-Qiao Sang
- Division of Respiratory Disease, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yuan-Fei Yao
- Imaging Center, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Chun-Yu Chu
- College of engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, China
| | - Yue-Min Zhu
- CREATIS, CNRS UMR 5220-INSERM U1206-University Lyon 1-INSA Lyon-University Jean Monnet Saint-Etienne, Lyon, 69621, France
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Zhu SC, Liu YH, Wei Y, Li LL, Dou SW, Sun TY, Shi DP. Intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for predicting histological grade of hepatocellular carcinoma: Comparison with conventional diffusion-weighted imaging. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:929-940. [PMID: 29491686 PMCID: PMC5829156 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i8.929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To compare intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM)-derived parameters with conventional diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) parameters in predicting the histological grade of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to evaluate the correlation between the parameters and the histological grades.
METHODS A retrospective study was performed. Sixty-two patients with surgically confirmed HCCs underwent diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging with twelve b values (10-1200 s/mm2). The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), pure diffusion coefficient (D), pseudo-diffusion coefficient (D*), and perfusion fraction (f) were calculated by two radiologists. The IVIM and conventional DWI parameters were compared among the different grades by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Kruskal-Wallis test. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of distinguishing between low-grade (grade 1, G1) and high-grade (grades 2 and 3, G2 and G3) HCC. The correlation between the parameters and the histological grades was assessed by using the Spearman correlation test. Bland-Altman analysis was used to evaluate the reproducibility of the two radiologists’ measurements.
RESULTS The differences in the ADC and D values among the groups with G1, G2, and G3 histological grades of HCCs were statistically significant (P < 0.001). The D* and f values had no significant differences among the different histological grades of HCC (P > 0.05). The ROC analyses demonstrated that the D and ADC values had better diagnostic performance in differentiating the low-grade HCC from the high-grade HCC, with areas under the curve (AUCs) of 0.909 and 0.843, respectively, measured by radiologist 1 and of 0.911 and 0.852, respectively, measured by radiologist 2. The following significant correlations were obtained between the ADC, D, and D* values and the histological grades: r = -0.619 (P < 0.001), r = -0.628 (P < 0.001), and r = -0.299 (P = 0.018), respectively, as measured by radiologist 1; r = -0.622 (P < 0.001), r = -0.633 (P < 0.001), and r = -0.303 (P = 0.017), respectively, as measured by radiologist 2. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) values between the two observers were 0.996 for ADC, 0.997 for D, 0.996 for D*, and 0.992 for f values, which indicated excellent inter-observer agreement in the measurements between the two observers.
CONCLUSION The IVIM-derived D and ADC values show better diagnostic performance in differentiating high-grade HCC from low-grade HCC, and there is a moderate to good correlation between the ADC and D values and the histological grades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Cheng Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Yue-Hua Liu
- Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
- Medical College of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, Henan Province, China
| | - Yi Wei
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lin-Lin Li
- Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - She-Wei Dou
- Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Ting-Yi Sun
- Department of Pathology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Da-Peng Shi
- Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
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