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Tuo Y, Luo X, Xiong Y, Xu CA, Yuan T. A Novel Polyfunctional Polyurethane Acrylate Derived from Castor Oil-Based Polyols for Waterborne UV-Curable Coating Application. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:949. [PMID: 38611205 PMCID: PMC11013653 DOI: 10.3390/polym16070949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Because of its unique molecular structure and renewable properties, vegetable oil has gradually become the focus of researchers. In this work, castor oil was first transformed into a castor oil-based triacrylate structure (MACOG) using two steps of chemical modification, then it was prepared into castor oil-based waterborne polyurethane acrylate emulsion, and finally, a series of coating materials were prepared under UV curing. The results showed that with the increase in MACOG content, the glass transition temperature of the sample was increased from 20.3 °C to 46.6 °C, and the water contact angle of its surface was increased from 73.85 °C to 90.57 °C. In addition, the thermal decomposition temperature, mechanical strength, and water resistance of the samples were also greatly improved. This study not only provides a new idea for the preparation of waterborne polyurethane coatings with excellent comprehensive properties but also expands the application of biomass material castor oil in the field of coating.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chang-An Xu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Teng Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Martín-Alfonso MA, Rubio-Valle JF, Estrada-Villegas GM, Sánchez-Domínguez M, Martín-Alfonso JE. Exploring Cellulose Triacetate Nanofibers as Sustainable Structuring Agent for Castor Oil: Formulation Design and Rheological Insights. Gels 2024; 10:221. [PMID: 38667640 PMCID: PMC11048863 DOI: 10.3390/gels10040221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Developing gelled environmentally friendly dispersions in oil media is a hot topic for many applications. This study aimed to investigate the production of electrospun cellulose triacetate (CTA) nanofibers and to explore their potential application as a thickening agent for castor oil. The key factors in the electrospinning process, including the intrinsic properties of CTA solutions in methylene chloride (DCM)/ethanol (EtOH), such us the shear viscosity, surface tension, and electrical conductivity, were systematically studied. The impact of the CTA fiber concentration and the ratio of DCM/EtOH on the rheological properties of the gel-like dispersions in castor oil was then investigated. It was found that dispersions with a non-Newtonian response and above a critical concentration (5 wt.%), corresponding to approximately 2-2.5 times the entanglement concentration, are required to produce defect-free nanofibers. The average fiber diameter increased with CTA concentration. Further, the morphology and texture of the electrospun nanofibers are influenced by the ratio of solvents used. The rheological properties of dispersions are strongly influenced by the concentration and surface properties of nanofibers, such as their smooth or porous textures, which allow their modulation. Compared to other commonly used thickeners, such as synthetic polymers and metal soaps, CTA electrospun nanofibers have a much higher oil structuring capacity. This work illustrated the potential of using CTA nanofibers as the foundation for fabricating gel-like dispersions in oil media, and thus exerting hierarchical control of rheological properties through the use of a nanoscale fabrication technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Martín-Alfonso
- Chemical Product and Process Technology Research Center (Pro2TecS), Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain; (M.A.M.-A.); (J.F.R.-V.)
| | - José F. Rubio-Valle
- Chemical Product and Process Technology Research Center (Pro2TecS), Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain; (M.A.M.-A.); (J.F.R.-V.)
| | - Gethzemani M. Estrada-Villegas
- CONACYT-Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Parque de Innovación e Investigación Tecnológica (PIIT), Apodaca 66628, Mexico;
| | - Margarita Sánchez-Domínguez
- Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, S.C. (CIMAV), Unidad Monterrey, Alianza Norte 202, Apodaca 66628, Mexico;
| | - José E. Martín-Alfonso
- Chemical Product and Process Technology Research Center (Pro2TecS), Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain; (M.A.M.-A.); (J.F.R.-V.)
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Ayele AG, Kawet JS. Evaluations of the in vivo Laxative Effects of Aqueous Leaf and Stem Extracts of Artemisia Abyssinica in Mice. J Exp Pharmacol 2024; 16:135-142. [PMID: 38528962 PMCID: PMC10962457 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s456029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background People frequently complain of long-term constipation. The cost associated with using modern medications to treat constipation is significant, and the probability of encountering side effects is notably high. These limitations restrict their effectiveness in therapy, remain unresolved, and underscore the need for research on alternative therapeutic approaches. Plants of the genus Artemisia have been used to treat constipation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the laxative effects of aqueous A. abyssinica leaf and stem extracts of Artemisia abyssinica in mice. Methods The laxative activity of A. abyssinica leaf and stem extracts was evaluated using three models: laxative activity, gastrointestinal motility, and gastrointestinal secretion. In this study, bisacodyl was used as a standard laxative and loperamide was used to induce constipation. Results In the laxative test, 200 (P<0.05) and 400 mg/kg (p<0.01) doses of plant extract significantly increased the percentage of fecal water content. Moreover, the highest dose of extract increased the frequency of defecation after 12 h (p<0.05). In the remaining two models, the experimental plans also showed significantly higher gastrointestinal motility and noticeable accumulation of intestinal fluid. Conclusion The results of this study indicate that aqueous leaf and stem extracts of A. abyssinica have laxative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akeberegn Gorems Ayele
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Jeylan Sinba Kawet
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Parvizi MM, Saki N, Samimi S, Radanfer R, Shahrizi MM, Zarshenas MM. Efficacy of castor oil cream in treating infraorbital hyperpigmentation: An exploratory single-arm clinical trial. J Cosmet Dermatol 2024; 23:911-917. [PMID: 37927123 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.16056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Infraorbital hyperpigmentation represents one of the most prevalent conditions in cosmetic dermatology. To treat this condition, many patients prefer natural remedies. This study explored the efficacy of topical castor oil cream in treating patients with infraorbital hyperpigmentation. METHODS We conducted an exploratory single-arm clinical trial at the Shahid Faghihi Dermatology Clinic and Molecular Dermatology Research Center of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, during 2021-2022. Using the convenience sampling method, we enrolled 25 patients with infraorbital hyperpigmentation. We instructed the patients to apply topical castor oil cream twice daily for 2 months. The darkness, melanin, and erythema levels were evaluated by VisioFace® 1000 D and SkinColorCatch® devices. We used a visual analog scale to assess skin laxity, wrinkles, and patient satisfaction. Data analysis was done with Stata version 14.2. RESULTS The data of 22 patients with a mean age of 40.92 ± 7.33 years were analyzed. The VisioFace® scores decreased significantly by the end of the study [right eyes: mean difference (MD): -5.63 (95% CI: -7.12 to -4.15), p < 0.001; left eyes: MD: -5.91 (95% CI: -7.46 to -4.36), p < 0.001]. Moreover, castor oil cream significantly reduced the melanin level, wrinkles, and skin laxity in the infraorbital region (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Castor oil cream seems to be an effective alternative for treating infraorbital hyperpigmentation. Randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahdi Parvizi
- Molecular Dermatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nasrin Saki
- Department of Dermatology, Molecular Dermatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Soodabeh Samimi
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Roya Radanfer
- Department of Dermatology, Molecular Dermatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Miaad Shahrizi
- Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Zarshenas
- Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Epilepsy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Sanchez-Ramos L, Levine LD, Sciscione AC, Mozurkewich EL, Ramsey PS, Adair CD, Kaunitz AM, McKinney JA. Methods for the induction of labor: efficacy and safety. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2024; 230:S669-S695. [PMID: 38462252 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2023.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
This review assessed the efficacy and safety of pharmacologic agents (prostaglandins, oxytocin, mifepristone, hyaluronidase, and nitric oxide donors) and mechanical methods (single- and double-balloon catheters, laminaria, membrane stripping, and amniotomy) and those generally considered under the rubric of complementary medicine (castor oil, nipple stimulation, sexual intercourse, herbal medicine, and acupuncture). A substantial body of published reports, including 2 large network meta-analyses, support the safety and efficacy of misoprostol (PGE1) when used for cervical ripening and labor induction. Misoprostol administered vaginally at doses of 50 μg has the highest probability of achieving vaginal delivery within 24 hours. Regardless of dosing, route, and schedule of administration, when used for cervical ripening and labor induction, prostaglandin E2 seems to have similar efficacy in decreasing cesarean delivery rates. Globally, although oxytocin represents the most widely used pharmacologic agent for labor induction, its effectiveness is highly dependent on parity and cervical status. Oxytocin is more effective than expectant management in inducing labor, and the efficacy of oxytocin is enhanced when combined with amniotomy. However, prostaglandins administered vaginally or intracervically are more effective in inducing labor than oxytocin. A single 200-mg oral tablet of mifepristone seems to represent the lowest effective dose for cervical ripening. The bulk of the literature assessing relaxin suggests this agent has limited benefit when used for this indication. Although intracervical injection of hyaluronidase may cause cervical ripening, the need for intracervical administration has limited the use of this agent. Concerning the vaginal administration of nitric oxide donors, including isosorbide mononitrate, isosorbide, nitroglycerin, and sodium nitroprusside, the higher incidence of side effects with these agents has limited their use. A synthetic hygroscopic cervical dilator has been found to be effective for preinduction cervical ripening. Although a pharmacologic agent may be administered after the use of the synthetic hygroscopic dilator, in an attempt to reduce the interval to vaginal delivery, concomitant use of mechanical and pharmacologic methods is being explored. Combining the use of a single-balloon catheter with dinoprostone, misoprostol, or oxytocin enhances the efficacy of these pharmacologic agents in cervical ripening and labor induction. The efficacy of single- and double-balloon catheters in cervical ripening and labor induction seems similar. To date, the combination of misoprostol with an intracervical catheter seems to be the best approach when balancing delivery times with safety. Although complementary methods are occasionally used by patients, given the lack of data documenting their efficacy and safety, these methods are rarely used in hospital settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Sanchez-Ramos
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL.
| | - Lisa D Levine
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Anthony C Sciscione
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Christiana Hospital, Newark, DE
| | - Ellen L Mozurkewich
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Patrick S Ramsey
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, TX
| | - Charles David Adair
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tennessee College of Medicine, Chattanooga, TN
| | - Andrew M Kaunitz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Jordan A McKinney
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL
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Omolaso BO, Adesanwo JK, Ishola AA, Adegoke AG, Akingbule FO, Ipadeola YA, Adewole KE. Antidiarrheal activity of Bridelia ferruginea bark methanolic extract involves modulation ATPases in mice and inhibition of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M3) and prostaglandin E2 receptor 3 (EP 3) in silico. J Complement Integr Med 2023; 20:757-771. [PMID: 34727589 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2021-0240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Diarrhea, an abnormal state in which the individual has about three or more daily bowel movements, is now considered one of the most challenging global public health problems. Using plant products, such as Bridelia ferruginea is an alternative treatment option. The objective of this study was to investigate the antidiarrheal activity of B. ferruginea bark methanolic extract (BfME) and the mechanisms involved. METHODS BfME antidiarrheal activity was evaluated in mice model of castor oil-induced diarrhea and enteropooling. To evaluate motility, gastrointestinal transit time was carried out using phenol red meal, while intestinal activities of selected ATPases were also evaluated. Furthermore, the active components in BfME were detected by GC-MS analysis, while molecular docking of the most abundant compounds with muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M3) and prostaglandin E2 receptor 3 (EP3) were conducted. RESULTS BfME at 400 and 800 mg/kg showed antidiarrheal activity by delaying onset of diarrhea, reduced gastrointestinal transit and increased intestinal activities of Na+ K+-ATPase, Ca2+ Mg2+-ATPase and Mg2+-ATPase. Molecular docking revealed that γ-sitosterol, α-amyrin, and stigmasterol have outstanding binding affinity for M3 and EP3. CONCLUSIONS In view of these results, the observed antidiarrheal activity possibly occurs via the activation of ATPases activities and inhibition of M3 and EP3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blessing Olugbamila Omolaso
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo City, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Adeoti Gbemisola Adegoke
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo City, Nigeria
| | - Francis O Akingbule
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo City, Nigeria
| | - Yetunde Ayoka Ipadeola
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo City, Nigeria
| | - Kayode Ezekiel Adewole
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo City, Ondo State, Nigeria
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Yu Q, Zhang Z, Tan P, Zhou J, Ma X, Shao Y, Wei S, Gao Z. Siloxane-Modified UV-Curable Castor-Oil-Based Waterborne Polyurethane Superhydrophobic Coatings. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4588. [PMID: 38231972 PMCID: PMC10708309 DOI: 10.3390/polym15234588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, superhydrophobic coatings with self-cleaning abilities have attracted considerable attention. In this study, we introduced hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (OH-PDMS) into castor-oil-based waterborne polyurethanes and synthesized silicone-modified castor-oil-based UV-curable waterborne polyurethanes (SCWPU). Further, we identified the optimal amount of OH-PDMS to be added and introduced different amounts of micro- and nanoscale heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane-modified SiO2 particles (FAS-SiO2) to prepare rough-surface SCWPU coatings with dense micro- and nanostructures, thus realizing waterborne superhydrophobic coatings. The results show that when the OH-PDMS content was 11 wt% and the total addition of FAS-SiO2 particles was 50% (with a 1:1:1 ratio of 100 nm, 1 µm, and 10 nm particles), the coatings exhibited a self-cleaning ability and superhydrophobicity with a contact angle of (152.36 ± 2.29)° and a roll-off angle of (4.9 ± 1.0)°. This castor-oil-based waterborne superhydrophobic coating has great potential for waterproofing, anti-fouling, anti-corrosion, and other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhui Yu
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Wooden Materials, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China; (Q.Y.); (Z.Z.); (P.T.); (J.Z.); (X.M.); (Y.S.)
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Zengshuai Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Wooden Materials, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China; (Q.Y.); (Z.Z.); (P.T.); (J.Z.); (X.M.); (Y.S.)
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Pengyun Tan
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Wooden Materials, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China; (Q.Y.); (Z.Z.); (P.T.); (J.Z.); (X.M.); (Y.S.)
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jiahao Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Wooden Materials, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China; (Q.Y.); (Z.Z.); (P.T.); (J.Z.); (X.M.); (Y.S.)
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Wooden Materials, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China; (Q.Y.); (Z.Z.); (P.T.); (J.Z.); (X.M.); (Y.S.)
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yingqing Shao
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Wooden Materials, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China; (Q.Y.); (Z.Z.); (P.T.); (J.Z.); (X.M.); (Y.S.)
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Shuangying Wei
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Wooden Materials, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China; (Q.Y.); (Z.Z.); (P.T.); (J.Z.); (X.M.); (Y.S.)
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Zhenhua Gao
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Wooden Materials, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China; (Q.Y.); (Z.Z.); (P.T.); (J.Z.); (X.M.); (Y.S.)
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
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Ladjimi MH, Ben Barka Z, Lahbib K, Ben Miled H, Ben Rhouma K, Sakly M, Tebourbi O. Antidiarrheal and antioxidant activities of Ajuga iva (L.) leave extract. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21139. [PMID: 37942157 PMCID: PMC10628661 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We studied the effect of Ajuga iva leaves extract (AIE) on the intestinal absorption, motricity and its antioxidant capacity against diarrhea. Wistar rats were divided and received either: castor oil (CO), CO and loperamide or CO and different doses of AIE. AIE prevented dose-dependently CO-induced diarrhea. AIE at 800 mg/kg showed inhibition efficiency on defecation and diarrhea. The pro-oxidant effect of the CO in the small intestine was inhibited significantly in presence of AIE: increasing glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and lowering oxygen free radicals (OH°, O2°-), carbonyl protein and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. However, co-administration of AIE in castor oil-exposed groups significantly increased the intestinal contents of calcium and magnesium. AIE exhibits significant anti-diarrheal activity, related in part to its antioxidant properties. Our investigation also provides experimental evidence for the traditional use of this medicinal plant in the treatment of diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed H. Ladjimi
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology UR11S33, Faculty of Science of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Jarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Zaineb Ben Barka
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology UR11S33, Faculty of Science of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Jarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Karima Lahbib
- Laboratory of Heteroatom Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021, Jarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Hanène Ben Miled
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology UR11S33, Faculty of Science of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Jarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Khemais Ben Rhouma
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology UR11S33, Faculty of Science of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Jarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Mohsen Sakly
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology UR11S33, Faculty of Science of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Jarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Tebourbi
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology UR11S33, Faculty of Science of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Jarzouna, Tunisia
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Megersa A, Dereje B, Adugna M, Ayalew Getahun K, Birru EM. Evaluation of Anti-Diarrheal Activities of the 80% Methanol Extract and Solvent Fractions of Maesa lanceolata Forssk (Myrsinaceae) Leaves in Mice. J Exp Pharmacol 2023; 15:391-405. [PMID: 37904837 PMCID: PMC10613406 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s429403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Due to the limits of present antidiarrheal medications, it is critical to seek novel, safe, and inexpensive antidiarrheal agents. Thus, the goal of this study was to assess the antidiarrheal activity of 80% methanol crude extract and solvent fractions of Maesa lanceolata leaves in mice. Methods Leaf powder was extracted by 80% methanol and then fractionated with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and distilled water. At 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, the effects of the crude extract on castor oil-induced diarrhea, enteropooling, and gastrointestinal motility tests were investigated. Tween 2% and atropine used as negative and positive controls, respectively. A gastrointestinal motility test was used to explore the anti-motility effects. Data were analyzed with SPSS V. 26, and the significance was established with a one-way ANOVA followed by a post hoc Tukey's test. Results The crude extract delayed the onset of diarrhea and significantly reduced the number of fecal drops at 100 (p<0.05), 200 and 400 mg/kg (p<0.001). Similarly, the number and weight of wet feces, as well as total fresh feces, were reduced at 200 (p<0.05) and 400 mg/kg (p<0.001) compared to Tween 2%. The enteropooling test demonstrated that the extracts significantly reduced the volume and weight of intestine content at 200 (p<0.05) and 400 mg/kg (p<0.001). The anti-motility activity test revealed that the all extracts decreased gastrointestinal motility significantly (p<0.001). The ethyl acetate fraction significantly reduced gastrointestinal transit time at all doses (p<0.001). At 400 mg/kg, the activities of the n-hexane fraction were significant (p<0.01). The efficacy of the residual aqueous fraction on gastrointestinal motility was significant at 200 (p<0.05) and 400 mg/kg (p<0.001). Conclusion The 80% methanol extract of Maesa lanceolata Forssk leaf and solvent fractions were shown to exhibit potent antidiarrheal activity in the current study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alemayehu Megersa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, Dire Dawa University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
| | - Beyene Dereje
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, Dire Dawa University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
| | - Meaza Adugna
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Kefyalew Ayalew Getahun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Eshetie Melese Birru
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Kim BM, Choi JS, Jang S, Park H, Lee SY, Jung J, Park J. Sustainable Strategies for Synthesizing Lignin-Incorporated Bio-Based Waterborne Polyurethane with Tunable Characteristics. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3987. [PMID: 37836038 PMCID: PMC10575038 DOI: 10.3390/polym15193987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we introduce a novel approach for synthesizing lignin-incorporated castor-oil-based cationic waterborne polyurethane (CWPU-LX), diverging significantly from conventional waterborne polyurethane dispersion synthesis methods. Our innovative method efficiently reduces the required solvent quantity for CWPU-LX synthesis to approximately 50% of that employed in traditional WBPU experimental procedures. By incorporating lignin into the polyurethane matrix using this efficient and reduced-solvent method, CWPU-LX demonstrates enhanced properties, rendering it a promising material for diverse applications. Dynamic interactions between lignin and polyurethane molecules contribute to improved mechanical properties, enhanced thermal stability, and increased solvent resistance. Dynamic interactions between lignin and polyurethane molecules contribute to improved tensile strength, up to 250% compared to CWPU samples. Furthermore, the inclusion of lignin enhanced thermal stability, showcasing a 4.6% increase in thermal decomposition temperature compared to conventional samples and increased solvent resistance to ethanol. Moreover, CWPU-LX exhibits desirable characteristics such as protection against ultraviolet light and antibacterial properties. These unique properties can be attributed to the presence of the polyphenolic group and the three-dimensional structure of lignin, further highlighting the versatility and potential of this material in various application domains. The integration of lignin, a renewable and abundant resource, into CWPU-LX exemplifies the commitment to environmentally conscious practices and underscores the significance of greener materials in achieving a more sustainable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Min Kim
- Department of Carbon and Fiber Composite Materials, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jin Sil Choi
- Department of Plant Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea (S.Y.L.)
| | - Sunjin Jang
- Department of Biofibers and Biomaterial Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea (H.P.)
| | - Hyeji Park
- Department of Biofibers and Biomaterial Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea (H.P.)
| | - Seung Yeol Lee
- Department of Plant Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea (S.Y.L.)
| | | | - Jaehyeung Park
- Department of Carbon and Fiber Composite Materials, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Biofibers and Biomaterial Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea (H.P.)
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11
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Zhang Q, Huang J, Zhou N. Toughening Enhancement Mechanism and Performance Optimization of Castor-Oil-Based Polyurethane Cross-Linked Modified Polybutylene Adipate/Terephthalate Composites. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:6256. [PMID: 37763534 PMCID: PMC10532669 DOI: 10.3390/ma16186256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
In this study, polyol castor oil (CO) and toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI) were selected to modify PBAT, and castor-oil-based polyurethane (COP) was produced in a PBAT matrix using melt-blending and hot-pressing technology to study the effect of network cross-linking structure on various properties of bio-based polyester PBAT, aiming to introduce CO and TDI to improve the mechanical properties of composite materials. The results showed that when the total addition of CO and TDI was 15%, and the ratio of the hydroxyl group of CO to the isocyanate group of TDI was 1:1, the mechanical properties were the best. The tensile strength of the composite was 86.19% higher than that of pure PBAT, the elongation at break was 70.09% higher than that of PBAT, and the glass transition temperature was 7.82 °C higher than that of pure PBAT. Therefore, the composite modification of PBAT by CO and TDI can effectively improve the heat resistance and mechanical properties of PBAT-based composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Jin Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Na Zhou
- State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
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12
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Morales-González M, Navas-Gómez K, Diaz LE, Gómez-Tejedor JA, Valero MF. Incorporation of Chitosan in Polyurethanes Based on Modified Castor Oil for Cardiovascular Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3733. [PMID: 37765587 PMCID: PMC10535904 DOI: 10.3390/polym15183733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The increased demand for vascular grafts for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases has led to the search for novel biomaterials that can achieve the properties of the tissue. According to this, the investigation of polyurethanes has been a promising approach to overcome the present limitations. However, some biological properties remain to be overcome, such as thrombogenicity and hemocompatibility, among others. This paper aims to synthesize polyurethanes based on castor oil and castor oil transesterified with triethanolamine (TEA) and pentaerythritol (PE) and with the incorporation of 1% chitosan. Analysis of the wettability, enzymatic degradation, mechanical properties (tensile strength and elongation at break), and thermal stability was performed. Along with the evaluation of the cytotoxicity against mouse fibroblast (L929) and human dermal fibroblast (HDFa) cells, the hemolysis rate and platelet adhesion were determined. The castor-oil-based polyurethanes with and without 1% chitosan posed hydrophobic surfaces and water absorptions of less than 2% and enzymatic degradation below 0.5%. Also, they were thermally stable until 300 °C, with tensile strength like cardiovascular tissues. The synthesized castor oil/chitosan polyurethanes are non-cytotoxic (cell viabilities above 80%) to L929 and HDFa cells and non-thrombogenic and non-hemolytic (less than 2%); therefore, they are suitable for cardiovascular applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Morales-González
- Energy, Materials and Environmental Group (GEMA), Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía 140013, Colombia
| | - Kelly Navas-Gómez
- Energy, Materials and Environmental Group (GEMA), Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía 140013, Colombia
| | - Luis E. Diaz
- Bioprospecting Research Group (GIBP), Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía 140013, Colombia
| | - José A. Gómez-Tejedor
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel F. Valero
- Energy, Materials and Environmental Group (GEMA), Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía 140013, Colombia
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13
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Gaina C, Ursache O, Gaina V, Serban AM, Asandulesa M. Novel Bio-Based Materials: From Castor Oil to Epoxy Resins for Engineering Applications. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:5649. [PMID: 37629941 PMCID: PMC10456403 DOI: 10.3390/ma16165649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The paper presents the synthesis and thermal behavior of novel epoxy resins prepared from epoxidized castor oil in the presence of or without trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether (TMP) crosslinked with 3-hexahydro-4-methylphtalic anhydride (MHHPA) and their comparison with a petroleum-based epoxy resin (MHHPA and TMP). Epoxidized castor oil (ECO) was obtained via in situ epoxidation of castor oil with peroxyacetic acid. The chemical structures of castor oil (CO), ECO, and epoxy matrix were confirmed using FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The morphological and thermal behavior of the resulting products have been investigated. Compared to petroleum-based resins, castor oil-based ones have a lower Tg. Anyway, the introduction of TMP increases the Tg of the resins containing ECO. The morphological behavior is not significantly influenced by using ECO or by adding TMP in the synthesis of resins. The dielectric properties of epoxy resins have been analyzed as a function of frequency (1 kHz-1 MHz) and temperature (-50 to 200 °C). The water absorption test showed that as Tg increased, the percent mass of water ingress decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Viorica Gaina
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Gr. Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (C.G.); (O.U.); (A.-M.S.); (M.A.)
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14
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Xiong Z, Fang Y, Feng F, Cheng Y, Huo C, Huang J. 2L polyethylene glycol combined with castor oil versus 4L polyethylene glycol for bowel preparation before colonoscopy among inpatients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34294. [PMID: 37478260 PMCID: PMC10662855 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Inpatients are more likely to have inadequate bowel preparation compared to outpatients. Although experts recommend 4L split polyethylene glycol (PEG) preparation, bowel preparation with castor oil (CaO) was recently found to reduce the volume of solution required. The aim of the study was to evaluate the cleansing effect and safety of 2L-PEG with Cao in bowel preparation among inpatients. Our study retrospectively analyzed the medical records and colonoscopy reports of inpatients (n = 1251) who underwent colonoscopy in the Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, and the inpatients were divided into 2L-PEG-CaO and 4L-PEG group according to different bowel preparation protocols. Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS) is used to assess bowel preparation efficacy before colonoscopy. Furthermore, we also calculated other outcomes, such as polyp or adenoma detection rates and adverse events. A total of 1251 patients undergoing colonoscopy were included in this study, 738 were taken 4L-PEG and 513 2L-PEG-CaO. Both inpatients groups were matched for baseline characteristics. The 2L-PEG-CaO group was significantly higher than the 4L-PEG group on both BBPS (7.26 ± 1.75 vs 7.06 ± 1.58, P = .043) and adequate bowel cleansing rates (83.2% vs 77.4%, P = .011). Regarding adverse events, the 4L-PEG group was significantly higher than the 2L-PEG-CaO group on the incidence of abdominal fullness (6.4% vs 9.6%, P = .045) and adverse events (33.7% vs 28.5%, P = .048). The 2L split PEG with CaO preparation increased quality of bowel cleansing and improved tolerance in inpatients. Bowel preparation with 2L-PEG-CaO is suitable alternative to traditional 4L split PEG bowel preparation for colonoscopy of inpatients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzhou Second People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Ying Fang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzhou Second People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Fangfang Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzhou Second People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yiming Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzhou Second People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Chunyan Huo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzhou Second People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzhou Second People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
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15
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Montenegro JAS, Ries A, Silva IDS, Luna CBB, Souza AL, Wellen RMR. Enzymatic and Synthetic Routes of Castor Oil Epoxidation. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15112477. [PMID: 37299276 DOI: 10.3390/polym15112477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Epoxidation of castor oil in synthetic and enzymatic routes was carried out in order to promote a system with less environmental impact. The epoxidation reactions of castor oil compounds upon addition of lipase enzyme with and without acrylic immobilization and with reaction times of 24 and 6 h, as well as the synthetic compounds upon addition of Amberlite resin and formic acid, were investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance in hydrogen molecules (1H-NMR). The analysis indicated that the enzymatic reactions (6 h) and synthetic reactions provided a conversion from 50 to 96% and epoxidation from 25 to 48%, resulting from peak stretching and signal disintegration in the hydroxyl region due to the appearance of H2O in the interaction of peracid with catalyst. In systems without toluene, a dehydration event with a peak absorbance of 0.02 AU, indicating a possible vinyl group at 2355 cm-1 in enzymatic reactions without acrylic immobilization, was observed and resulted in a selectivity of 2%. In the absence of a solid catalyst, an unsaturation conversion of castor oil above 90% was achieved; however, this catalyst is necessary for the epoxidation to take place, whereas the lipase enzyme becomes able of epoxidizing and dehydrating the castor oil upon changing the time or reaction system. The conversation from 28 to 48% of solid catalysts (Amberlite and lipase enzyme) displays their importance to the instauration conversion of castor oil into oxirane rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana A S Montenegro
- Materials Engineering Department, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Andreas Ries
- Multidisciplinary Center for Technological Investigations, National University of Asunción, San Lorenzo University Campus, San Lorenzo 111421, Paraguay
| | - Ingridy D S Silva
- Academic Unit of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58249-140, Brazil
| | - Carlos B B Luna
- Academic Unit of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58249-140, Brazil
| | - Antônia L Souza
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Renate M R Wellen
- Materials Engineering Department, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
- Academic Unit of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58249-140, Brazil
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
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16
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Okeke-Nwolisa BC, Enweani-Nwokelo IB, Unekwe PC, Egbuonu I. The anti-diarrheal and anti-inflammatory effects of hydroethanol extracts of ripe Annona muricata fruit pulp in Wistar rats using curative method. Int J Health Sci (Qassim) 2023; 17:26-32. [PMID: 37151748 PMCID: PMC10155247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The study aimed to determine the anti-diarrheal and anti-inflammatory activities of hydroethanolic extract of ripe Annona muricata fruit pulp (HEAMP) on Wistar rats. Methods Fifty male Wistar rats were divided into five groups, each for the diarrhea and inflammatory phases. Groups A and B 10 mL/kg of distilled water and 2 mL of castor oil, Groups C, D, and E received 2 mL of castor oil + extract (150, 300, and 600 mg/kg). Groups A and B received 10 mL/kg of distilled water and 0.1 mL of egg white. Groups C, D, and E received the (0.1 mL) egg white and extract (150, 300, and 600 mg/kg). Data were analyzed using SPSS (25) using ANOVA followed by post hoc least significant difference, presented as mean ± standard error of the mean, and values considered significant at P < 0.05. Results The acute toxicity test of HEAMP is above 5000 mg/kg and rich in flavonoids, saponins, and proteins, with carbohydrates and tannins, and glycosides at moderate levels. Steroids, alkaloids, amino acids, and triterpenoids were absent. Furthermore, 30 min after diarrhea induction, the treated groups significantly increased (P = 0.012) in fecal count compared to Group A. Compared to Group B, the treated groups had a significant decrease in the fecal count at 60, 90, 120, and 150 min. At 30-min, there was a significant increase (P = 0.000) in paw-size in the treated groups compared to Group A. The treated groups had significantly lower edematous paw-size levels from 60 to 150 min compared to Group B. Conclusion The HEAMP had anti-diarrheal and anti-inflammatory properties and is safe for consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. C. Okeke-Nwolisa
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | - I. B. Enweani-Nwokelo
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | - P. C. Unekwe
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | - I. Egbuonu
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Nigeria
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17
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Yan X, Ding J, Shi W, Tang L, Zhang Y, Xu W. Synthesis of Castor Oil-Based Quaternary Ammonium Salt and Modification of Attapulgite for Treating Industrial Wastewaters. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:ma16093468. [PMID: 37176350 PMCID: PMC10180249 DOI: 10.3390/ma16093468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
In order to develop multifunctional quaternary ammonium salts and explore their advantages as modifiers for wastewater treatment, castor oil-based quaternary ammonium salts were synthesised and subsequently used as modifiers for attapulgite treatment. The structures of untreated and treated attapulgite were compared by Fourier transform infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction. The mechanism of modification was speculated. Various factors such as the amount of modified attapulgite, temperature and pH were also investigated in the batch experiments on the removal rates of acetone and phenol from wastewaters. The synthesis conditions were set as follows: the reaction temperature was 80 °C, the reaction time was 8 h, the molar ratio of castor oil to N,N-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine was 1:5, the catalyst was 6% NaOH and the product yield was about 64.72%. The grafting rate of the castor oil-based quaternary ammonium salt was about 99.6% when the amount of modifier was 0.69 g per 5 g of attapulgite, the ultrasound treatment time was 11 min and the pH was 5. The quaternary ammonium salt was only associated with the surface of attapulgite and did not change the rod-like crystal structure of the silicate. The modified attapulgite is much more fibrous and exhibits a good distribution of crystal bundles. The removal rates were found to be less favourable under strongly acidic and strongly alkaline conditions. Under suitable conditions, for 50 mL industrial wastewaters (phenol: 100-160 mg/L; acetone: 680-800 mg/L), the amount of modified attapulgite was 1 g, the temperature was 80 °C and the pH was 7, and the maximum removal rates of acetone and phenol after 80 min reached about 65.71% and 78.72%, respectively, which were higher than those of ATP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhua Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Jianfei Ding
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Wenyan Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Lanqin Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Yidong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Wei Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
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18
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Yamanouchi K, Ishimaru T, Kakuno T, Takemoto Y, Kawatsu S, Kondo K, Maruyama M, Higaki K. Improvement and characterization of oral absorption behavior of clofazimine by SNEDDS: Quantitative evaluation of extensive lymphatic transport. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 187:141-155. [PMID: 37076052 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Clofazimine, an anti-leprosy drug, has been anticipated for a candidate to treat tuberculosis, cryptosporidiosis, and coronavirus infection, but its low oral bioavailability is considered a reason for its limited activity. In the current study, we have tried to improve the oral bioavailability of clofazimine by several SNEDDS formulations and characterized the absorption behavior from various aspects. Among four SNEDDS formulations prepared, SNEDDS A, prepared with castor oil as an oil component, provided the highest bioavailability (around 61%) and SNEDDS D, prepared with Capryol 90, gave the second highest bioavailability. SNEDDS A formed the finest nanoparticles, which were maintained under gastric and intestinal luminal conditions. The comparison in oral bioavailability between the SNEDDS formulation and its corresponding preformed nanoemulsion suggested that SNEDDS A would efficiently form nanoemulsion in the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration. AUC of mesenteric lymph node concentration was the highest for SNEDDS A, which would be one of the reasons for SNEDDS A to reveal the highest oral bioavailability. A cycloheximide-treated oral absorption study and single-pass perfusion study by utilizing a vascular-luminal perfused small intestine-liver preparation clearly indicated that over 90% of clofazimine absorbed to systemic circulation should be derived from lymphatic transport for both SNEDDS A and D. Furthermore, the fraction of dose absorbed was around 65% for SNEDDS D, but SNEDDS A achieved around 94%, indicating the excellent performance of SNEDDS A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Yamanouchi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; Laboratory for Drug Discovery and Development, Shionogi & Co., Ltd. 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Tomoki Ishimaru
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Nonclinical Research Center, Tokushima Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 463-10 Kagasuno, Kawauchi-cho, Tokushima 771-0192, Japan
| | - Takuya Kakuno
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; Pharmaceutical Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Department, Nipro Co. 3023 Noji-cho, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-0055, Japan
| | - Yuki Takemoto
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Sho Kawatsu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; Formulation Design, Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Technology, Astellas Pharma Inc. 180 Ozumi, Yaizu, Shizuoka 425-0072, Japan
| | - Keiji Kondo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; Preformulation Research Laboratory, CMC Headquarters, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. 224-18 Hiraishi Ebisuno, Kawauchi-cho, Tokushima 771-0182, Japan
| | - Masato Maruyama
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Higaki
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
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19
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Ha Z, Lei L, Zhou M, Xia Y, Chen X, Mao P, Fan B, Shi S. Bio-Based Waterborne Polyurethane Coatings with High Transparency, Antismudge and Anticorrosive Properties. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:7427-7441. [PMID: 36696452 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c21525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Green and environment-friendly preparation are of the utmost relevance to the development of transparent antismudge coatings. To prepare a waterborne polyurethane (WPU) coating with antismudge property, it is challenging to balance the stability of dispersion and the antismudge property of coating. Herein, we prepare a transparent bio-based WPU coating grafted with a minor proportion of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (WPU-g-PDMS) using renewable castor oil, monocarbinol-terminated PDMS, hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer, and 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid as raw materials. Effects of the dosage of monocarbinol-terminated PDMS, the curing temperature, and the curing time on the antismudge performance were studied. Results showed that rigorous stirring (3000 rpm) is necessary to obtain a stable WPU-g-PDMS dispersion with a storage time longer than 6 months. A high curing temperature (>160 °C) and a period of curing time (>1 h) are indispensable to obtain the excellent antismudge property because they would facilitate the grafted low-surface-tension PDMS chains to migrate from the interior to the coating surface. The facts that simulated contaminated liquids such as water, HCl solution, NaOH solution, artificial blood, and tissue fluid could slide off easily and cleanly, and marker ink lined on the coating surface could shrink, indicated that the WPU-g-PDMS coating has good antismudge properties, which could be self-compensated shortly after deterioration. Due to the high cross-linking degree caused by multifunctional polyol and isocyanate, the WPU-g-PDMS coating has high hardness and good anticorrosive performance. The antismudge functionalization and waterborne technology of bio-based polyurethane coatings proposed in this work could be a promising contribution to the green and sustainable development of functional coatings. This kind of WPU-g-PDMS coating is expected to protect and decorate electronic screens, vehicles, and buildings, especially endoscopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Ha
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Lei Lei
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Mengyu Zhou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yuzheng Xia
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaonong Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Peng Mao
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Bifa Fan
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shuxian Shi
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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Bashir MA, Khan A, Shah SI, Ullah M, Khuda F, Abbas M, Goh KW, Ming LC. Development and Evaluation of Self-Emulsifying Drug-Delivery System-Based Tablets for Simvastatin, a BCS Class II Drug. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:261-272. [PMID: 36726738 PMCID: PMC9885879 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s377686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Self-emulsifying drug-delivery systems (SEDDSs) are designed to improve the oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. This study aimed at formulating and characterization of SEDDS-based tablets for simvastatin using castor and olive oils as solvents and Tween 60 as surfactant. Methods The liquids were adsorbed on microcrystalline cellulose, and all developed formulations were compressed using 10.5 mm shallow concave round punches. Results The resulting tablets were evaluated for different quality-control parameters at pre- and postcompression levels. Simvastatin showed better solubility in a mixture of oils and Tween 60 (10:1). All the developed formulations showed lower self-emulsification time (˂200 seconds) and higher cloud point (˃60°C). They were free of physical defects and had drug content within the acceptable range (98.5%-101%). The crushing strength of all formulations was in the range of 58-96 N, and the results of the friability test were within the range of USP (≤1). Disintegration time was within the official limits (NMT 15 min), and complete drug release was achieved within 30 min. Conclusion Using commonly available excipients and machinery, SEDDS-based tablets with better dissolution profile and bioavailability can be prepared by direct compression. These S-SEDDSs could be a better alternative to conventional tablets of simvastatin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amjad Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | | | - Majeed Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Fazli Khuda
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia,Correspondence: Khang Wen Goh; Long Chiau Ming, Email ;
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- PAP Rashidah Sa’adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
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21
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Jean Baptiste W, Casseus M, Dev A, Joseph P, Wright PF. The dangers of castor oil tea in neonates in rural Haiti: A case report. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:877550. [PMID: 36950175 PMCID: PMC10025402 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.877550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
During a 2-year period, eight cases of a distinct illness were seen among 1,424 neonates admitted to a newly established neonatal care unit in southern Haiti. The newborns presented with a picture of sepsis with shock, vomiting, hypotonia, lethargy, and abdominal distention. Five cases proved fatal and another case left the hospital against advice in extremis with little chance of survival. In each case, the illness was associated with a history of ingestion of teas that included castor oil, known as lok in Haitian Creole. The presumptive cause of the illness was established by the presence of a dark, oily substance in drainage from the nares and nasogastric tubes and by subsequent admission on direct questioning of the caregivers, who said that the infants had been given large amounts of lok. The castor oil tea had been given to three infants in the immediate neonatal period where its use is attributed to encouraging the passage of meconium. The five remaining infants were between 15 and 30 days of life when they were given lok shortly before admission to the neonatal unit for treatment of an undefined illness. All of them were term infants with no identified risks at birth. As nasogastric tubes are not routinely placed in sick neonates, and the parents did not volunteer information about lok administration, the practice may be more widespread than that recorded here. Although our data are confined to observations in Haiti, the use of traditional medicines is a globally widespread phenomenon. Attention must be drawn to the potential toxicity of such preparations and means found to ban their use in neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilhermine Jean Baptiste
- Department of Pediatrics, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center (DHMC), Lebanon, NH, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Hopital Immacule Conception (HIC), Les Cayes, Haiti
| | - Michelucia Casseus
- Department of Pediatrics, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center (DHMC), Lebanon, NH, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Hopital Immacule Conception (HIC), Les Cayes, Haiti
| | - Alka Dev
- Department of Pediatrics, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center (DHMC), Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Patrice Joseph
- Department of Medicine, Gheskio Centers, Port-au-Prince, Haiti
| | - Peter F. Wright
- Department of Pediatrics, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center (DHMC), Lebanon, NH, United States
- Correspondence: Peter F. Wright
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22
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Perera HJ, Goyal A, Alhassan SM, Banu H. Biobased Castor Oil-Based Polyurethane Foams Grafted with Octadecylsilane-Modified Diatomite for Use as Eco-Friendly and Low-Cost Sorbents for Crude Oil Clean-Up Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14235310. [PMID: 36501710 PMCID: PMC9739393 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein we report the synthesis and characterization of novel castor oil-based polyurethane (PU) foam functionalized with octadecyltrichlorosilane (C18)-modified diatomaceous earth (DE) particles, exhibiting superior hydrophobicity and oil adsorption, and poor water absorption, for use in effective clean-up of crude oil spillage in water bodies. High-performance and low-cost sorbents have a tremendous attraction in oil spill clean-up applications. Recent studies have focused on the use of castor oil as a significant polyol that can be used as a biodegradable and eco-friendly raw material for the synthesis of PU. However, biobased in-house synthesis of foam modified with C18-DE particles has not yet been reported. This study involves the synthesis of PU using castor oil, further modification of castor oil-based PU using C18 silane, characterization studies and elucidation of oil adsorption capacity. The FTIR analysis confirmed the fusion of C18 silane particles inside the PU skeleton by adding the new functional group, and the XRD study signified the inclusion of crystalline peaks in amorphous pristine PU foam owing to the silane cross-link structure. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated improvement in thermal stability and high residual content after chemical modification with alkyl chain moieties. The SEM and EDX analyses showed the surface's roughness and the incorporation of inorganic and organic elements into pristine PU foam. The contact angle analysis showed increased hydrophobicity of the modified PU foams treated with C18-DE particles. The oil absorption studies showed that the C18-DE-modified PU foam, in comparison with the unmodified one, exhibited a 2.91-fold increase in the oil adsorption capacity and a 3.44-fold decrease in the water absorbing nature. From these studies, it is understood that this novel foam can be considered as a potential candidate for cleaning up oil spillage on water bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helanka J. Perera
- Maths and Natural Science, Abu Dhabi Women’s Campus, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 25026, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence:
| | - Anjali Goyal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saeed M. Alhassan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hussain Banu
- Maths and Natural Science, Abu Dhabi Women’s Campus, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 25026, United Arab Emirates
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Zuliani A, Rapisarda M, Chelazzi D, Baglioni P, Rizzarelli P. Synthesis, Characterization, and Soil Burial Degradation of Biobased Polyurethanes. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14. [PMID: 36433074 DOI: 10.3390/polym14224948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need for developing degradable polymeric systems based on bio-derived and sustainable materials. In recent years, polyurethanes derived from castor oil have emerged due to the large availability and sustainable characteristics of castor oil. However, these polymers are normally prepared through tedious and/or energy-intensive procedures or using high volatile and/or toxic reagents such as volatile isocyanates or epoxides. Furthermore, poor investigation has been carried out to design castor oil derived polyurethanes with degradable characteristics or thorough specifically sustainable synthetic procedures. Herein, castor oil-derived polyurethane with more than 90% biomass-derived carbon content and enhanced degradable features was prepared through a simple, eco-friendly (E-factor: 0.2), and scalable procedure, employing a recently developed commercially available biomass-derived (61% bio-based carbon content) low-volatile polymeric isocyanate. The novel material was compared with a castor oil derived-polyurethane prepared with a commercially available fossil-based isocyanate counterpart. The different castor oil-derived polyurethanes were investigated by means of water uptake, soil burial degradation, and disintegration tests in compost. Characterization analyses, including thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), were carried out both prior to and after degradation tests. The results suggest potential applications of the degradable castor oil-derived polyurethane in different fields, such as mulch films for agricultural purposes.
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Deding U, Jensen SS, Schelde-Olesen B, Kaalby L, Bjørsum-Meyer T, Koulaouzidis A. Castor Oil in Bowel Preparation Regimens for Colon Capsule Endoscopy: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12112795. [PMID: 36428855 PMCID: PMC9688971 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12112795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Completing colon capsule endoscopy (CCE) investigations rely on successful transit and acceptable bowel preparation quality. We investigated the effect of adding castor oil to the CCE bowel preparation regimen on the completion rate using a meta-analysis of existing literature. We conducted a systematic literature search in PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase. Included studies underwent quality assessment, and data for meta-analysis were extracted. Pooled estimates for excretion rate and acceptable bowel preparation rate were calculated. We identified 72 studies matching our search criteria, and six were included in the meta-analysis. Three of the studies had control groups, although two used historical cohorts. The pooled excretion rate (92%) was significantly higher in patients who received castor oil than in those who did not (73%). No significant difference in acceptable colonic cleanliness was observed. Castor oil has been used in a few studies as a booster for CCE. This meta-analysis shows the potential for this medication to improve excretion rates, and castor oil could be actively considered in conjunction with other emerging laxative regimens in CCE. Still, prospective randomized trials with appropriate control groups should be conducted before any conclusions can be drawn. Prospero ID: CRD42022338939.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrik Deding
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
- Department of Surgery, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +45-425-74243
| | | | - Benedicte Schelde-Olesen
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
- Department of Surgery, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Lasse Kaalby
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
- Department of Surgery, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Thomas Bjørsum-Meyer
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
- Department of Surgery, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Anastasios Koulaouzidis
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
- Department of Surgery, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
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Moreira MAC, Alnoch RC, Luz Junior LFDL, Baron AM, Mitchell DA, Krieger N. Transesterification of castor oil catalyzed by a fermented solid produced by Burkholderia contaminans using a bioreactor coupled with ultrasound irradiation. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2022; 70:919-929. [PMID: 36239385 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In this work, ultrasound was used to assist the ethanolysis of castor oil in a solvent-free system, catalyzed by a dry fermented solid containing the lipase from Burkholderia contaminans (BCFS). Reactions were done at 45°C. The maximum conversion in Erlenmeyer flasks was 71% in 96 h, using a loading of 9% (mass of BCFS in relation to the mass of triacylglycerols in the castor oil) and a molar ratio of ethanol:oil of 6:1, with addition of ethanol in 12 steps. In a packed-bed reactor containing 12 g of BCFS, the conversions were 78% in 48 h, and 83% in 72 h with an ethanol to oil molar ratio of 3:1 and treatment with an ultrasound probe, with maximum power of 500 W, frequency of 20 kHz and 75% of the maximum power. These results are promising given that, with an ultrasound assisted bioreactor, a higher conversion in a shorter time was achieved, with a lower ethanol to oil molar ratio than was the case in the Erlenmeyer flasks without ultrasound. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Aparecida Coelho Moreira
- Postgraduate Program in Sciences - Biochemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Polytechnic Center, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Robson Carlos Alnoch
- Postgraduate Program in Sciences - Biochemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Polytechnic Center, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando de Lima Luz Junior
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Paraná, P.O. Box 19011, Polytechnic Center, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Machado Baron
- Federal Technological University of Parana, Campus Apucarana - Coordination of the Degree in Chemistry, Apucarana, Paraná, Brazil
| | - David Alexander Mitchell
- Postgraduate Program in Sciences - Biochemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Polytechnic Center, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, P.O. Box 19031, Polytechnic Center, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Nadia Krieger
- Postgraduate Program in Sciences - Biochemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Polytechnic Center, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil.,Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Parana, P.O. Box 19032, Polytechnic Center, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil
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Aguado-Deblas L, López-Tenllado FJ, Luna D, Bautista FM, Romero AA, Estevez R. Advanced Biofuels from ABE (Acetone/Butanol/Ethanol) and Vegetable Oils (Castor or Sunflower Oil) for Using in Triple Blends with Diesel: Evaluation on a Diesel Engine. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:6493. [PMID: 36143804 PMCID: PMC9504408 DOI: 10.3390/ma15186493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
From a technical and economic point of view, our aim is to provide viable solutions for the replacement of fossil fuels which are currently used in internal combustion diesel engines. In this research, two new biofuels composed of second-generation vegetable oils (SVO),used oil sunflower (SO) or castor oil (CO), and the ABE blend (acetone/butanol/ethanol) were evaluated. ABE is an intermediate product from the fermentation of carbohydrates to obtain bio-butanol. Besides, the ABE blend exhibits suitable properties as biofuel, such asvery low kinematic viscosity, reasonable energy density, low autoignition temperature, and broad flammability limits. Diesel/ABE/SVO triple blends were prepared, characterized and then, tested on a diesel engine, evaluating power output, consumption, and exhaust emissions. The power output was slightly reduced due to the low heating values of ABE blend. Also, engine consumed more fuel with the triple blends than with diesel under low engine loads whereas, at medium and high loads, the fuel consumption was very similar to that of diesel. Regarding exhaust gas emissions, soot wasnotably reduced, and nitrogen oxides (NOx) and carbon monoxide (CO2) emissions were lower or comparable to that of diesel, while the CO emissions increased. The use of these biofuels allows the replacement of high percentagesof diesel without compromising engine power and achievinga significant reduction in pollution emissions. Furthermore, a notable improvement in cold flow properties of the fuel blends is obtained, in comparison with diesel.
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Akram N, Usman M, Haider S, Akhtar MS, Gul K. Impact of Diisocyanates on Morphological and In Vitro Biological Efficacy of Eco-Friendly Castor-Oil-Based Water-Borne Polyurethane Dispersions. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:3701. [PMID: 36080776 DOI: 10.3390/polym14173701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for renewable resources that can replace petroleum products is not only nerve-wracking, but also perplexing, as there is an abundance of plants that have yet to be explored. In this project, virgin castor oil was converted to polyol in two steps: epoxidation and hydroxylation. The resulting polyol was used to synthesize two series of water-borne polyurethane dispersions (WPUDs). The effects of the diisocyanates on the final product were evaluated. Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate (H12MDI) were used as the hard segment (HS) up to 72 wt%, along with 1-4 butanediol (BD) as the chain extender, for the dispersions. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the bonds required for the synthesis of the dispersions. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed the multistep degradation for both series: maximum degradation took place at 500 °C for IPDI and 600 °C for H12MDI-based series. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed phase-segmented morphology. Hemolytic activity was observed at biologically safe levels of up to 7.5% for H12MDI-based series. Inhibition of biofilm formation showed comparable results against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus): up to 46%. The results were also confirmed by phase contrast microscopy.
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Wen H, Wang Y, Zhu H, Jin L, Zhang F. A Fluorescent Tracer Based on Castor Oil for Monitoring the Mass Transfer of Fatliquoring Agent in Leather. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:ma15031167. [PMID: 35161111 PMCID: PMC8839825 DOI: 10.3390/ma15031167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Fatliquoring is one of the most important processes in leather making, in which the collagen fibers are split effectively, while the crust acquires a good softness and mechanical strength. The effectiveness of fatliquoring depends not only on the variety and dosage of fatliquoring agent but also on its distribution in hierarchical collagen fiber layers. Up to now, the research about the mass transfer of fatliquoring agent in leather is very limited because quantifying the distribution of invisible fatliquor in leather is very difficult. In this paper, a fluorescent tracing technique based on modified castor oil was established and send used to investigate the mass transfer of fatliquor in leather. The crucial fluorescent tracer was synthesized favorably by the reaction of castor oil, successively with maleic anhydride and 5-aminofluorescein, which was confirmed by FTIR, 1H NMR and DSC. The fluorescent tracer was pH-sensitive and emitted an intense fluorescent signal at pH 8–10. Then, it was applied to monitor the fatliquoring process in real-time. Compared with Sudan IV or Nile Blue sulphate dyeing tests, this fluorescent tracing technique could conveniently visualize and quantify the penetration and distribution of fatliquor in leather process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yulu Wang
- Correspondence: (Y.W.); (L.J.); Tel.: +86-0531-89631786 (Y.W.)
| | | | - Liqiang Jin
- Correspondence: (Y.W.); (L.J.); Tel.: +86-0531-89631786 (Y.W.)
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Mottin C, Ornaghi MG, Carvalho VM, Guerrero A, Vital ACP, Ramos TR, Bonin E, Lana de Araújo F, de Araújo Castilho R, do Prado IN. Carcass characteristics and meat evaluation of cattle finished in temperate pasture and supplemented with natural additive containing clove, cashew oil, castor oils, and a microencapsulated blend of eugenol, thymol, and vanillin. J Sci Food Agric 2022; 102:1271-1280. [PMID: 34358347 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Forty crossbred steers were supplemented with different doses (from 0 control to 6000 mg/animal/day) of natural additive blend containing clove essential oil, cashew oil, castor oil, and a microencapsulated blend of eugenol, thymol, and vanillin for 80 days. Carcass characteristics, drip loss, and antioxidant activity were evaluated 24 h post mortem on longissimus thoracis, and the effects of aging (until 14 days) were evaluated for water losses (thawing/aging and cooking), texture, color, and lipid oxidation. RESULTS The use of the natural additive blend did not modify (P > 0.05) carcass characteristics but did, however, modify body composition (P < 0.05). Drip losses were unaffected by the treatments tested (P > 0.05). There was an observed quadratic effect (P < 0.05) on losses from thawing/aging on the first day of storage. Regarding the effects of natural additives on cooking losses, there was a quadratic effect (P < 0.05) among the treatments on day 7 of aging. Differences between days of aging were only observed with control treatment. Shear force was similar among treatments on days 1 and 7 of aging. On day 14 a linear effect (P < 0.05) was observed. Also, a linear effect (P < 0.05) appeared on meat lightness, meat from the control group being clearer on day 1. No changes were observed in redness among treatments or days of storage (P > 0.05). Yellowness was not modified by the treatments (P > 0.05)but only by the days of storage in control and the lowest dosage used. CONCLUSION The blend of natural additives has potential use in pasture feeding and could improve meat quality. However, doses should be adjusted. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Mottin
- Department of Animal Science, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ana Guerrero
- Departamento Producción y Sanidad Animal, Salud Pública Veterinaria y Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad Cardenal Herrera - CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Edinéia Bonin
- Department of Food Science, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Lana de Araújo
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Cruz das Almas, Brazil
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Lee DN, Gwon K, Nam Y, Lee SJ, Tran NM, Yoo H. Polyurethane Foam Incorporated with Nanosized Copper-Based Metal-Organic Framework: Its Antibacterial Properties and Biocompatibility. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13622. [PMID: 34948419 PMCID: PMC8705956 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyurethane foams (PUFs) have attracted attention as biomaterials because of their low adhesion to the wound area and suitability as biodegradable or bioactive materials. The composition of the building blocks for PUFs can be controlled with additives, which provide excellent anti-drug resistance and biocompatibility. Herein, nanosized Cu-BTC (copper(II)-benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate) was incorporated into a PUF via the crosslinking reaction of castor oil and chitosan with toluene-2,4-diisocyanate, to enhance therapeutic efficiency through the modification of the surface of PUF. The physical and thermal properties of the nanosized Cu-BTC-incorporated PUF (PUF@Cu-BTC), e.g., swelling ratio, phase transition, thermal gravity loss, and cell morphology, were compared with those of the control PUF. The bactericidal activities of PUF@Cu-BTC and control PUF were evaluated against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. PUF@Cu-BTC exhibited selective and significant antibacterial activity toward the tested bacteria and lower cytotoxicity for mouse embryonic fibroblasts compared with the control PUF at a dose of 2 mg mL-1. The Cu(II) ions release test showed that PUF@Cu-BTC was stable in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) for 24 h. The selective bactericidal activity and low cytotoxicity of PUF@Cu-BTC ensure it is a candidate for therapeutic applications for the drug delivery, treatment of skin disease, and wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Nam Lee
- Ingenium College of Liberal Arts (Chemistry), Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea; (K.G.); (S.J.L.)
| | - Kihak Gwon
- Ingenium College of Liberal Arts (Chemistry), Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea; (K.G.); (S.J.L.)
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
| | - Yunhee Nam
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Korea; (Y.N.); (N.M.T.)
| | - Su Jung Lee
- Ingenium College of Liberal Arts (Chemistry), Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea; (K.G.); (S.J.L.)
| | - Ngoc Minh Tran
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Korea; (Y.N.); (N.M.T.)
| | - Hyojong Yoo
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Korea; (Y.N.); (N.M.T.)
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Grela KP, Marciniak DM, Karolewicz B. Poloxamer 407-Based Thermosensitive Emulgel as a Novel Formulation Providing a Controlled Release of Oil-Soluble Pharmaceuticals-Ibuprofen Case Study. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:7266. [PMID: 34885421 DOI: 10.3390/ma14237266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This article covers the design and evaluation of a novel drug vehicle: a thermosensitive, injectable, high-oil-content (50% w/w) emulgel providing a controlled release of lipophilic pharmaceuticals. Different vegetable (castor, canola, olive, peanut, grapeseed, linseed), mineral (paraffin) and semisynthetic (isopropyl myristate, oleic acid) oils were screened for ibuprofen (IBU) solubility and for their capacity for high-shear emulsification in a 17% (w/w) aqueous solution of poloxamer 407. Chosen emulgels were subject to a rheological evaluation, a syringeability test (TA.XT texture analyser; 2 mL syringe; 18 G, 20 G and 22 G needles) and a drug release study (48 h; cellulose membrane; 0.05 mol/L phosphate buffer at pH 7.4). Castor oil turned out to be an optimal component for IBU incorporation. Blank and drug-loaded castor oil emulgels were susceptible to administration via a syringe and needle, with the absolute injection force not exceeding 3 kg (29.4 N). The drug release test revealed dose-dependent, quasi-linear kinetics, with up to 44 h of controlled, steady, linear release. The results indicate the significant potential of high-oil-content, oil-in-water thermosensitive emulgel formulations as vehicles for the controlled release of lipophilic APIs.
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Bampidis V, Azimonti G, Bastos MDL, Christensen H, Dusemund B, Fašmon Durjava M, Kouba M, López-Alonso M, López Puente S, Marcon F, Mayo B, Pechová A, Petkova M, Ramos F, Sanz Y, Villa RE, Woutersen R, Bories G, Gropp J, Nebbia C, Galobart J, Innocenti ML, Vettori MV, Aquilina G. Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of cashew nutshell liquid for all animal species (Oligobasic Europe). EFSA J 2021; 19:e06892. [PMID: 34745361 PMCID: PMC8555381 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Following a request from European Commission, the Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of the additive cashew nutshell liquid as a technological additive (antioxidant) in feedingstuffs for all animal species. The additive cashew nutshell liquid consists of an artificial mixture of two components, the oil extracted from the cashew nutshell, called CNSL and castor oil. In the absence of adequate data, the FEEDAP Panel is not in the position to conclude on the characterisation of the additive nor to conclude on the safety of cashew nutshell liquid for the target species, the consumer and the environment. The additive is considered skin and eye irritant and a skin sensitiser. Exposure via inhalation is unlikely. The additive is an effective antioxidant in feedingstuffs and feed material for all animal species at the proposed conditions of use.
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Moreno KJ, Hernández-Sierra MT, Báez JE, Rodríguez-deLeón E, Aguilera-Camacho LD, García-Miranda JS. On the Tribological and Oxidation Study of Xanthophylls as Natural Additives in Castor Oil for Green Lubrication. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:ma14185431. [PMID: 34576654 PMCID: PMC8468782 DOI: 10.3390/ma14185431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The present study focuses on an introductory analysis of the use of three xanthophylls as additives for green lubricant applications. For this purpose, the additives were characterized by FTIR and 1H-NMR techniques, and the bio-lubricants were described by their physical properties. The effect of the natural compounds on the friction and wear properties of bio-lubricants were evaluated by sliding friction tests under boundary conditions, as confirmed by an analysis of the lubricating film thickness. The antioxidant capacity was analyzed by FTIR spectroscopy. It was observed better wear protection in castor oil with xanthophylls than without these additives. The wear rate was reduced up to 50% compared with neat oil. Lesser beneficial effects were appreciated in friction coefficient since it was increased 25%. The best contribution was observed with astaxanthin as an additive. In addition, a significant improvement in the oxidation of castor oil, complemented with this additive, was exhibited by FTIR analysis. It was found that xanthophylls could be employed as additives for totally biodegradable lubricant applications since they have better tribological and antioxidant behavior than current additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla J. Moreno
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Technology of Mexico in Celaya (TecNM), Celaya 38010, Mexico; (K.J.M.); (L.D.A.-C.); (J.S.G.-M.)
| | - María Teresa Hernández-Sierra
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Technology of Mexico in Celaya (TecNM), Celaya 38010, Mexico; (K.J.M.); (L.D.A.-C.); (J.S.G.-M.)
- Department of Chemistry, University of Guanajuato, Guanajuato 36050, Mexico;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-461-611-7575; Fax: +52-461-611-7878
| | - José E. Báez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Guanajuato, Guanajuato 36050, Mexico;
| | | | - Luis Daniel Aguilera-Camacho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Technology of Mexico in Celaya (TecNM), Celaya 38010, Mexico; (K.J.M.); (L.D.A.-C.); (J.S.G.-M.)
| | - J. Santos García-Miranda
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Technology of Mexico in Celaya (TecNM), Celaya 38010, Mexico; (K.J.M.); (L.D.A.-C.); (J.S.G.-M.)
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Hormaiztegui MEV, Marin D, Gañán P, Stefani PM, Mucci V, Aranguren MI. Nanocelluloses Reinforced Bio-Waterborne Polyurethane. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13172853. [PMID: 34502892 PMCID: PMC8434354 DOI: 10.3390/polym13172853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of two kinds of bio- nano-reinforcements, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and bacterial cellulose (BC), on the properties of castor oil-based waterborne polyurethane (WBPU) films. CNCs were obtained by the acidolysis of microcrystalline cellulose, while BC was produced from Komagataeibacter medellinensis. A WBPU/BC composite was prepared by the impregnation of a wet BC membrane and further drying, while the WBPU/CNC composite was obtained by casting. The nanoreinforcement was adequately dispersed in the polymer using any of the preparation methods, obtaining optically transparent compounds. Thermal gravimetric analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, dynamical mechanical analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, contact angle, and water absorption tests were carried out to analyze the chemical, physical, and thermal properties, as well as the morphology of nanocelluloses and composites. The incorporation of nanoreinforcements into the formulation increased the storage modulus above the glass transition temperature of the polymer. The thermal stability of the BC-reinforced composites was slightly higher than that of the CNC composites. In addition, BC allowed maintaining the structural integrity of the composites films, when they were immersed in water. The results were related to the relatively high thermal stability and the particular three-dimensional interconnected reticular morphology of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. E. Victoria Hormaiztegui
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (INTEMA), UNMDP, CONICET, Av. Juan B Justo 4302, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina; (M.E.V.H.); (D.M.); (P.M.S.); (V.M.)
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (CITEMA), Facultad Regional La Plata, Universidad Tecnológica Nacional (UTN)-Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC), Av. 60 y 124, Berisso 1923, Argentina
| | - Diana Marin
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (INTEMA), UNMDP, CONICET, Av. Juan B Justo 4302, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina; (M.E.V.H.); (D.M.); (P.M.S.); (V.M.)
| | - Piedad Gañán
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana (UPB), Circular 1, No 70-01, Medellín 050031, Colombia;
| | - Pablo Marcelo Stefani
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (INTEMA), UNMDP, CONICET, Av. Juan B Justo 4302, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina; (M.E.V.H.); (D.M.); (P.M.S.); (V.M.)
| | - Verónica Mucci
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (INTEMA), UNMDP, CONICET, Av. Juan B Justo 4302, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina; (M.E.V.H.); (D.M.); (P.M.S.); (V.M.)
| | - Mirta I. Aranguren
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (INTEMA), UNMDP, CONICET, Av. Juan B Justo 4302, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina; (M.E.V.H.); (D.M.); (P.M.S.); (V.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Gharibi R, Shaker A, Rezapour-Lactoee A, Agarwal S. Antibacterial and Biocompatible Hydrogel Dressing Based on Gelatin- and Castor-Oil-Derived Biocidal Agent. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:3633-3647. [PMID: 34196519 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Favored antibacterial activity associated with excellent biocompatibility, mechanical durability, and exudate handling needs to be addressed by modern dressing to achieve the desired wound healing. This paper deals with developing a new green and facile approach to manufacturing nonleachable antibacterial gelatin-based films for wound dressing. Therefore, a reactive methoxy-silane-functionalized quaternary ammonium compound bearing a fatty amide residue originating from castor oil (Si-CAQ) was initially synthesized. The antibacterial dressings were then fabricated via sol-gel and condensation reactions of the mixture containing gelatin, Si-CAQ, (3-glycidyloxypropyl) trimethoxysilane, and poly(vinyl alcohol). By utilizing bioactive polymers as starting materials and eliminating organic solvents during the dressing preparation, desirable clinical safety could be ensured. The gelatin-based films presented appropriate mechanical properties, such as flexibility and strength, in both dried and hydrated states (tensile strength >6 MPa and elongation >100). It is due to the in situ generations of the inorganic silicon domain in the organic framework via the sol-gel cross-linking process. The prepared dressings exhibited desirable features, including excellent biocompatibility (cell viability >95%), proper wound-exudate-managing characteristics (equilibrium water contact (EWA) 280-350% and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) 2040-2200 g/m2/day), fluid handling capacity (FHC) (3-3.35 g), as well as commendable hemocompatibility. The promising bactericidal activity of the dressing against Bacillus subtilis, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli strains with a contact-killing efficacy of 100% could prevent infection development at the wounded area. As evaluated by the wound scratch assay, the desired fibroblast cell growth, migration, and proliferation indicated the capability of the dressing to facilitate the healing process by encouraging fibroblast cell migration to the damaged area. In vivo wound-healing results showed that the prepared biocidal dressing stimulates wound healing and enhances epithelialization, collagen maturation, and vascularization of wounds due to their antibacterial effects and accelerated cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Gharibi
- Macromolecular Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany.,Department of Organic Chemistry and Polymer, Faculty of Chemistry, Kharazmi University, 15719-14911 Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Shaker
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Polymer, Faculty of Chemistry, Kharazmi University, 15719-14911 Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Rezapour-Lactoee
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, 3736175513 Qom, Iran
| | - Seema Agarwal
- Macromolecular Chemistry II, Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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Liao YH, Su YL, Chen YC. The Influence of Neem Oil and Its Glyceride on the Structure and Characterization of Castor Oil-Based Polyurethane Foam. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2020. [PMID: 34205593 DOI: 10.3390/polym13122020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neem (Azadirachta indica) oil is a non-edible oil that contains azadirachtin, which can be used as a biopesticide. This study synthesizes bio-based polyurethane (PU) foam from neem and castor (Ricinus communis L.) oil at normal temperature and pressure. Neem oil can be reacted to narrow-distribution polyol by transesterification of oil and glycerol. Neem oil glyceride (NOG) can be used as polyol for bio-based PU foams and can be blended with castor oil homogeneously to reduce the cost of production. The composition of polyol was castor oil and 0 to 20% molar ratios of NOG. Hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer (Desmodur N) was used as isocyanate. The molar ratios of NCO/OH were set as 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0. The average hydroxyl contents of castor oil, neem oil and NOG were 2.7 mmol/g, 0.1 mmol/g and 5.1 mmol/g, respectively. The reaction time of bio-based PU foam could be adjusted between 5 to 10 min, which is acceptable for manufacturing. The densities of PU foams were between 49.7 and 116.2 kg/m3 and decreased with increasing NCO/OH and NOG ratios and decreasing neem oil. The ranges of specific compressive strength of foams were from 0.0056 to 0.0795 kPa·m3/kg. Increasing the NOG and neem oil ratio significantly enhanced the specific compressive strength in the low NCO/OH ratio. The solvent resistance and thermogravimetric (TG) results showed that the foams have high water and thermal stability. NOG can help to increase solvent resistance. Adding neem oil reduces the solvent resistance. The results indicated that increasing NCO/OH and NOG ratios increases the cross-linking density and hard segment content of PU foams. This investigation demonstrated that castor oil-based PU foams are improved by adding NOG to the polyol mixture. PU foam has excellent properties. Neem oil can be used in manufacturing processes to produce high-performance foams via a green synthesis process.
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Dicks JA, Woolard C. Biodegradable Polymeric Foams Based on Modified Castor Oil, Styrene, and Isobornyl Methacrylate. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1872. [PMID: 34200002 DOI: 10.3390/polym13111872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The environmental issues of petroleum-derived polymeric foams have necessitated seeking renewable alternatives. This work aims to prepare renewable free-radically polymerized polymeric foams with the ability to biodegrade. Furthermore, this work attempted to incorporate a bio-based reactive diluent, which has not been reported in the literature. The synthesis of maleated castor oil glycerides was performed with products analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry using attenuated total reflection (ATR-FTIR) and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy. Polymeric foams were prepared using maleated castor oil glycerides via free radical copolymerization with styrene and isobornyl methacrylate as reactive diluents. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to determine anisotropic macrocellular morphology, with log-normal cell diameter distributions. The compressive mechanical and energy absorption properties were investigated; the polymeric foams displayed Young’s modulus up to 26.85 ± 1.07 MPa and strength up to 1.11 ± 0.021 MPa using styrene as the reactive diluent, and Young’s modulus up to 1.38 ± 0.055 MPa and strength up to 0.088 MPa when incorporating isobornyl methacrylate. Furthermore, a thorough analysis of the cellular structure–property relationships was performed, indicating relationships to cell diameter, cell wall thickness and apparent density. The polymeric foams displayed rapid mass loss in an aerobic soil environment with multiple erosion sites revealed by SEM. In conclusion, renewable polymeric foams with excellent compressive properties were achieved using styrene as reactive diluent, but the incorporation of isobornyl methacrylate decreased strength-related properties.
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Sammari H, Jedidi S, Selmi H, Rtibi K, Jabri MA, Jridi M, Zouari N, Toumi L, Sebai H. Protective effects of Crataegus azarolus L. berries aqueous extract against castor oil-induced diarrhea, oxidative stress, and inflammation in rat. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2021; 33:e14065. [PMID: 33320393 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diarrhea is a multifactorial gastrointestinal disorder responsible for about 5 million deaths annually. The chemical composition, the antioxidant activity of Crataegus azarolus berries aqueous extract (CABAE) as well as its protective effects against castor oil-induced diarrhea, oxidative stress, and inflammation in rat were studied. METHODS Sixty male rats were used and divided into six groups of ten animals in each: Control (C), castor oil (CO), CO+various doses of CABAE (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg b.w., p.o.), and CO+loperamide (LOP, 10 mg/kg b.w., p.o.). KEY RESULTS The CABAE showed relatively high levels of total polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins. The LC-HRESIMS technique allowed the identification of 5 phenolic compounds and the major component is quinic acid. In vivo studies showed that CABAE protected against castor oil-induced diarrhea and intestinal fluid accumulation. The CABAE counteracted castor oil-induced lipoperoxidation, preserved GSH and thiol groups levels, and prevented the depletion of antioxidant enzyme activities, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). The CABAE administration also protected against castor oil-induced inflammatory markers (ALP and CRP) increase. More importantly, castor oil induced an increase of intracellular mediators, such as hydrogen peroxide, free iron, and calcium, while CABAE pretreatment significantly reversed them to near control levels. CONCLUSION The Crataegus azarolus berries aqueous extract significantly protected against diarrhea due in part to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houcem Sammari
- Unité de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Beja, Université de Jendouba, Beja, Tunisia.,Laboratoire des Ressources Sylvo-Pastorales, Institut Sylvo-Pastoral de Tabarka, Université de Jendouba, Tabarka, Tunisia.,Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Université de Carthage, Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Saber Jedidi
- Unité de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Beja, Université de Jendouba, Beja, Tunisia.,Laboratoire des Ressources Sylvo-Pastorales, Institut Sylvo-Pastoral de Tabarka, Université de Jendouba, Tabarka, Tunisia
| | - Houcine Selmi
- Laboratoire des Ressources Sylvo-Pastorales, Institut Sylvo-Pastoral de Tabarka, Université de Jendouba, Tabarka, Tunisia
| | - Kais Rtibi
- Unité de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Beja, Université de Jendouba, Beja, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed-Amine Jabri
- Unité de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Beja, Université de Jendouba, Beja, Tunisia
| | - Mourad Jridi
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et de Microbiologie, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Nacim Zouari
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et de Microbiologie, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Lamjed Toumi
- Laboratoire des Ressources Sylvo-Pastorales, Institut Sylvo-Pastoral de Tabarka, Université de Jendouba, Tabarka, Tunisia
| | - Hichem Sebai
- Unité de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Beja, Université de Jendouba, Beja, Tunisia
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Moita VHC, Duarte ME, da Silva SN, Kim SW. Supplemental Effects of Functional Oils on the Modulation of Mucosa-Associated Microbiota, Intestinal Health, and Growth Performance of Nursery Pigs. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:1591. [PMID: 34071448 PMCID: PMC8230055 DOI: 10.3390/ani11061591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of functional oils on modulation of mucosa-associated microbiota, intestinal health, and growth performance of nursery pigs. Forty newly weaned pigs (20 barrows and 20 gilts) with 7.0 ± 0.5 kg body weight (BW) were housed individually and randomly allotted in a randomized complete block design with sex and initial BW as blocks. The dietary treatments were a basal diet with increasing levels (0.00, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, and 1.50 g/kg feed) of functional oils (a blend of castor oil and cashew nutshell liquid; Oligo Basics USA LLC, Cary, NC) fed to pigs for 34 days divided in two phases (P1 for 13 days and P2 for 21 days). Growth performance was analyzed weekly. On day 34, all pigs were euthanized to collect jejunal mucosa for analyzing the mucosa-associated microbiota and intestinal health, and ileal digesta for analyzing apparent ileal digestibility. Data were analyzed using SAS 9.4. Supplementation of functional oils did not affect the overall growth performance. Increasing supplementation of functional oils reduced (p < 0.05) the relative abundance of Helicobacteraceae, whereas it increased (p < 0.05) Lactobacillus kitasatonis. Supplementation of functional oils tended (p = 0.064) to decrease protein carbonyl and increase the villus height (p = 0.098) and crypt depth (p = 0.070). In conclusion, supplementation of functional oils enhanced intestinal health of nursery pigs by increasing beneficial and reducing harmful bacteria, potentially reducing oxidative stress and enhancing intestinal morphology, without affecting overall growth performance of pigs. Supplementation of functional oils at 0.75-1.50 g/kg feed was the most beneficial to the jejunal mucosa-associated microbiota and intestinal integrity of nursery pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sung Woo Kim
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; (V.H.C.M.); (M.E.D.); (S.N.d.S.)
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Saha P, Khomlaem C, Aloui H, Kim BS. Biodegradable Polyurethanes Based on Castor Oil and Poly (3-hydroxybutyrate). Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1387. [PMID: 33923329 PMCID: PMC8123115 DOI: 10.3390/polym13091387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable polyurethanes (PUs) were produced from castor oil (CO) and poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) diol (PHBD) using hexamethylene diisocyanate as a crosslinking agent. PHBDs of different molecular weights were synthesized through transesterification of bacterial PHB and ethylene glycol by changing the reaction time. The synthesized PHBDs were characterized in terms of Fourier transform infrared and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. A series of PUs at different NCO/OH and CO/PHBD ratios were prepared. The resulting CO/PHBD-based PUs were then characterized in terms of mechanical and thermal properties. Increasing PHBD content significantly increased the tensile strength of CO/PHBD-based PUs by 300% compared to neat CO-based PU. CO/PHBD-based PUs synthetized from short chain PHBD exhibited higher tensile strength compared to those produced from long chain PHBD. As revealed by scanning electron microscopy analysis, such improvement in stiffness of the resulting PUs is due to the good compatibility between CO and PHBD. Increasing PHBD content also increased the crystallinity of the resulting PUs. In addition, higher degradation rates were obtained for CO/PHBD-based PUs synthetized from long chain PHBD compared to neat CO PU and PUs produced from short chain PHBD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Beom Soo Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea; (P.S.); (C.K.); (H.A.)
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Sandford EC, Muntz A, Craig JP. Therapeutic potential of castor oil in managing blepharitis, meibomian gland dysfunction and dry eye. Clin Exp Optom 2021; 104:315-322. [PMID: 33037703 DOI: 10.1111/cxo.13148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The multifactorial pathogenesis and interrelationship of blepharitis, meibomian gland dysfunction and dry eye disease poses challenges to any therapeutic approach. Current treatments are mostly palliative, with success limited by perceived inefficacy and poor patient compliance. Castor oil, a natural derivative of the Ricinus communis plant, is widely used as an emollient in cosmetics and personal care products, drug delivery systems and wound dressings. Castor oil is deemed safe and tolerable, with strong anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive, analgesic, antioxidant, wound healing and vaso-constrictive properties. Its main constituent, ricinoleic acid, has a bipolar molecular structure that promotes the formation of esters, amides and polymers. These can supplement deficient physiological tear film lipids, enabling enhanced lipid spreading characteristics and reducing aqueous tear evaporation. Studies reveal that castor oil applied topically to the ocular surface has a prolonged residence time, facilitating increased tear film lipid layer thickness, stability, improved ocular surface staining and symptoms. This review summarises the properties, current uses of, and therapeutic potential of castor oil in managing ocular surface disease. The biochemical, medicinal actions of castor oil are explored from the perspective of ocular surface pathology, and include microbial and demodectic over-colonisation, inflammatory and oxidative processes, as well as clinical signs and symptoms of dryness and discomfort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma C Sandford
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tauranga Eye Specialists, Tauranga, New Zealand
| | - Alex Muntz
- Department of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jennifer P Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Muhammad N, Ullah S, Rauf A, Atif M, Patel S, Israr M, Akbar S, Shehzad O, Saeed M, Bawazeer S, Uddin MS, Derkho M, Shariati MA, Mubarak MS. Evaluation of the anti-diarrheal effects of the whole plant extracts of Cuscuta reflexa Roxb in pigeons. Toxicol Rep 2021; 8:395-404. [PMID: 33717992 PMCID: PMC7921875 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The antidiarrheal activity of C. reflexa was evaluated in pigeons using the juice, aqueous, and methanol extracts. The antidiarrheal effect of C. reflexa was evaluated using different reported research models. The juice, aqueous, and methanol extract of C. reflexa exhibit significant anti-motility and anti-secretory potential.
Background Cuscuta reflexa (dodder) belonging to the family Convolvulaceae has many ethno-medicinal uses such as antidiarrheal and antiemetic. This plant has been employed to treat diarrhea, where the antidiarrheal use of this plant is well established in different communities around the world without scientific bases. In addition, the antibacterial, anthelmintic, anticholinergic, and antihistaminic effects of this parasitic vine are partly responsible for the folkloric antidiarrheal use of this plant. In the present study, the antidiarrheal activity of C. reflexa was evaluated in pigeons (Columba livia) using the juice (JCR), aqueous (CRAE), and methanol (CRME) extracts. Methods The antidiarrheal effect of C. reflexa was evaluated using different reported research models, with few modifications. In pigeons, diarrhea was induced by administration of castor oil (6 mL/kg, PO), ampicillin (250 mg/kg, IP), magnesium sulfate (2 gm/kg, PO), and cisplatin (6 mg/kg, IV). In these experiments, loperamide (2 mg/kg, IM) was used as a positive control, whereas JCR (1 mL/kg (1%) and 1 mL/kg (2%), CRAE (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) and CRME (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) were administered intramuscularly at different doses into each pigeon in the test groups. Results In addition to cisplatin-induced diarrhea, all paradigms tested gave significant results (P < 0.01). The JCR, at different doses, exhibited a significant (p < 0.01) a dose-dependent antidiarrheal effect on both the frequency and the onset of diarrhea. Similarly, CRAE and CRME, at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg, showed considerable (p < 0.001) inhibition against the onset and frequency of diarrhea. On the other hand, JCR, CRAE, and CRME exerted significant effects (p < 0.001) on the percentage inhibition (PI) of diarrhea and gastrointestinal charcoal transit in a dose-dependent manner. In this respect, the maximum PI (p < 0.01) of JCR, CRAE, and CRME in different experimental paradigms was 43.13, 49.14, and 55.99 %, respectively. Conclusions Taken all together, results from this study reveal that the juice, aqueous, and methanol extract of C. reflexa exhibit significant anti-motility and anti-secretory potential. These findings may explain the medicinal use of C. reflexa in folk medicine as an antidiarrheal medicinal plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveed Muhammad
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Sana Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar, 23561, KPK, Pakistan
- Corresponding author at: Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, KPK, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Atif
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar, 23561, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Seema Patel
- Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics Research Center, San Diego State University, San Diego, 92182, USA
| | - Muhammad Israr
- Pakistan Science, Foundation, Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Akbar
- Abbotabad University of Science and Technology, Abbotabad, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Omer Shehzad
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saeed
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Saud Bawazeer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, P.O. Box 42, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md. Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Marina Derkho
- South-Ural State Agrarian University, Troitsk, Russian Federation
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (the First Cossack University), Moscow, Russian Federation
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Mahmood KA, Rashid RJ, Fateh SM, Mohammed NA. Evaluation of the Effect of Patient Preparation Using Castor Oil on ADC Value of Focal Liver Lesion. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:469-474. [PMID: 33623419 PMCID: PMC7896795 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s289661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To estimate the role of patient preparation using castor oil on the ADC value of focal liver lesion. Patients and Methods Retrospective case-control study over more than two years. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) of the upper abdomen performed for 87 cases and 71 controls in patients with focal hepatic hemangiomas. Cases were prepared using castor oil prior to the scan without identifiable unwanted effect, while controls did not receive any special preparation. Since liver hemangioma is a common lesion, it was selected and used as a sample. Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) values of focal liver lesion were calculated in cases and controls. Results The mean ADC value of liver hemangioma was lower in cases compared to controls; the mean ADC value was (2.21±0.39x10ˉ3mm2/s) in cases and (2.51±0.49x10ˉ3mm2/s) in controls. Left lobes were more affected by lesions; the mean ADC value of the left lobe lesions was (2.26±0.37 x10ˉ3mm2/s) and (2.86±0.43 x10ˉ3mm2/s) in cases and controls, respectively. The ADC value of lesions in the right lobe was (2.19±0.39x10ˉ3mm2/s) in cases and (2.39± 0.45x10ˉ3mm2/s) in controls. There was a significant segmental ADC variation; lesions at segments II, III, IVb, and V demonstrated illusive ADC elevation in controls. Conclusion There is erroneous elevation of lobar and segmental ADC value of liver hemangiomas in non prepared patients. This Potential source of error (peristalsis, partial volume, and paramagnetic gas effect of gastrointestinal tract) on hepatic lesions’ ADC value can be avoided by proper preparation using castor oil prior to MRI scanning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kawa Abdulla Mahmood
- University of Sulaimani, College of Medicine, Department of Surgery-Diagnostic Imaging Unit, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Rezheen Jamal Rashid
- University of Sulaimani, College of Medicine, Department of Surgery-Diagnostic Imaging Unit, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Salah Mohammed Fateh
- University of Sulaimani, College of Medicine, Department of Surgery-Diagnostic Imaging Unit, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Naser Abdullah Mohammed
- University of Sulaimani, College of Medicine, Department of Surgery-Diagnostic Imaging Unit, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
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Lee JH, Kim SH, Oh KW. Bio-Based Polyurethane Foams with Castor Oil Based Multifunctional Polyols for Improved Compressive Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:576. [PMID: 33672983 PMCID: PMC7918616 DOI: 10.3390/polym13040576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, most commercial polyols used in the production of polyurethane (PU) foam are derived from petrochemicals. To address concerns relating to environmental pollution, a sustainable resource, namely, castor oil (CO), was used in this study. To improve the production efficiency, sustainability, and compressive strength of PU foam, which is widely used as an impact-absorbing material for protective equipment, PU foam was synthesized with CO-based multifunctional polyols. CO-based polyols with high functionalities were synthesized via a facile thiol-ene click reaction method and their chemical structures were analyzed. Subsequently, a series of polyol blends of castor oil and two kinds of castor oil-based polyols with different hydroxyl values was prepared and the viscosity of the blends was analyzed. Polyurethane foams were fabricated from the polyol blends via a free-rising method. The effects of the composition of the polyol blends on the structural, morphological, mechanical, and thermal properties of the polyurethane foams were investigated. The results demonstrated that the fabrication of polyurethane foams from multifunctional polyol blends is an effective way to improve their compressive properties. We expect these findings to widen the range of applications of bio-based polyurethane foams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Hyung Lee
- Department of Organic and Nano Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; (J.H.L.); (S.H.K.)
| | - Seong Hun Kim
- Department of Organic and Nano Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; (J.H.L.); (S.H.K.)
| | - Kyung Wha Oh
- Department of Fashion, College of Arts, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
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Sen B, Gupta MK, Mia M, Pimenov DY, Mikołajczyk T. Performance Assessment of Minimum Quantity Castor-Palm Oil Mixtures in Hard-Milling Operation. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:ma14010198. [PMID: 33401633 PMCID: PMC7794737 DOI: 10.3390/ma14010198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The necessity to progress towards sustainability has inspired modern researchers to examine the lubrication and cooling effects of vegetable oils on conventional metal cutting operations. Consequently, as an eco-friendly vegetable product, castor oil can be the right choice as Minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) base fluid. Nonetheless, the high viscosity of castor oil limits its flowability and restricts its industrial application. Conversely, palm oil possesses superior lubricity, as well as flowability characteristics. Hence, an attempt has been made to improve the lubrication behavior of castor oil. Here, six castor-palm mixtures (varying from 1:0.5–1:3) were utilized as MQL-fluid, and the values of machining responses viz. average surface roughness, specific cutting energy, and tool wear were evaluated. Furthermore, an integrated Shannon’s Entropy-based Technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) framework was employed for selecting the most suitable volume ratio of castor-palm oil mixture. The rank provided by the TOPSIS method confirmed that 1:2 was the best volume ratio for castor-palm oil mixture. Afterward, a comparative analysis demonstrated that the best castor-palm volume fraction resulted in 8.262 and 16.146% lowering of surface roughness, 5.459 and 7.971% decrement of specific cutting energy, 2.445 and 3.155% drop in tool wear compared to that of castor and palm oil medium, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binayak Sen
- Department of Production Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Agartala 799046, India;
| | - Munish Kumar Gupta
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China; or
- Department of Automated Mechanical Engineering, South Ural State University, Lenin Prosp. 76, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia;
| | - Mozammel Mia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Danil Yurievich Pimenov
- Department of Automated Mechanical Engineering, South Ural State University, Lenin Prosp. 76, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia;
| | - Tadeusz Mikołajczyk
- Department of Production Engineering, University of Science and Technology Bydgoszcz, Al. Prof. S. Kaliskiego 7, 85-796 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
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Delgado-Canto MA, Fernández-Silva SD, Roman C, García-Morales M. On the Electro-Active Control of Nanocellulose-Based Functional Biolubricants. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:46490-46500. [PMID: 32938182 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c12244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This research work aims to explore the development of functional nanocellulose-based biolubricants, which allow for an electro-active control of the friction behavior. With this purpose, the influence of both nanocellulose concentration and electric field strength on the lubricant's electrorheological behavior was analyzed. Electric field strengths up to 4 kV/mm were imposed and two different kinds of nanocellulose were studied as the polarizable particulate phase: cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). Nanocellulose particles were added to castor oil at weight fractions ranging from 0 to 6 wt %. All dispersions exhibited a noticeable variation in their dielectric constant, but not in their conductivity, within a wide frequency range between 1 Hz and 200 kHz, and their dielectric behavior was significantly affected by the particle weight fraction. Noteworthily, it was found that the critical value of nanocellulose concentration, 4 wt %, at which the electro-viscous effect displayed by these dispersions was constrained, yielding a limiting electrorheological (ER) behavior. In addition, the dynamic yield stress dependence on the electric field strength showed a critical value within the interval of 0.8-1.2 kV/mm, suggesting a nonlinear conduction model for these nanocellulose-based ER dispersions. Finally, a maximum leak current intensity for 1 wt % CNF or CNC dispersions and an asymptotic decay at higher concentrations were observed. We conclude that both CNC and CNF nanoparticles have demonstrated that they can endow castor oil with significant ER properties, which remarkably reduced the friction coefficient within the boundary and mixed lubrication regions at electric field strengths lower than 40 V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Angel Delgado-Canto
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Huelva, Campus de "El Carmen", Huelva 21071, Spain
- Pro2TecS-Chemical Process and Product Technology Research Center, Universidad de Huelva, Huelva 21071, Spain
| | - Samuel David Fernández-Silva
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Huelva, Campus de "El Carmen", Huelva 21071, Spain
- Pro2TecS-Chemical Process and Product Technology Research Center, Universidad de Huelva, Huelva 21071, Spain
| | - Claudia Roman
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Huelva, Campus de "El Carmen", Huelva 21071, Spain
- Pro2TecS-Chemical Process and Product Technology Research Center, Universidad de Huelva, Huelva 21071, Spain
| | - Moisés García-Morales
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Huelva, Campus de "El Carmen", Huelva 21071, Spain
- Pro2TecS-Chemical Process and Product Technology Research Center, Universidad de Huelva, Huelva 21071, Spain
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Zhang Y, Liu B, Huang K, Wang S, Quirino RL, Zhang ZX, Zhang C. Eco-Friendly Castor Oil-Based Delivery System with Sustained Pesticide Release and Enhanced Retention. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:37607-37618. [PMID: 32814393 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c10620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The deposition of pesticides and their retention on plant surfaces are critical challenges for modern precision agriculture, which directly affect phytosanitary treatment, bioavailability, efficacy, and the loss of pesticides. Herein, a novel and eco-friendly waterborne polyurethane delivery system was developed to enhance the spray deposition and pesticide retention on plant surfaces. More specifically, biobased cationic and anionic waterborne polyurethane dispersions were synthesized from castor oil. Both cationic and anionic polyurethane dispersions exhibited remarkable microstructural, amphiphilic, and nanoparticle morphologies with a core-shell structure that served to encapsulate a biopesticide (azadirachtin) in their hydrophobic cores (WPU-ACT). The results indicated that the cationic WPU-ACT carriers exhibited a better sustained release behavior and a better protective effect from light and heat for azadirachtin. In addition, the simultaneous spray of anionic and cationic WPU-ACT significantly enhanced the spray deposition and prolonged the retention of pesticides due to the reduced surface tension and surface precipitation induced by the electrostatic interaction when two droplets with opposite charges come into contact with each other. A field efficacy assessment also indicated that the simultaneous spray of anionic and cationic WPU-ACT could control the infestation of brown planthopper in rice crops. Castor oil-based waterborne polyurethanes in this study work as an efficient pesticide delivery system by exhibiting enhanced deposition, rainfastness, retention ability, protection, and sustained release behavior, holding great promise for spraying pesticide formulations in modern and environmentally friendly agricultural applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Boyang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Kaixi Huang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shiying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Rafael Lopes Quirino
- Chemistry Department, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia 30460, United States
| | - Zhi-Xiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Chaoqun Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Wu ZY. Synthesis and Properties of Moisture-Cured Reactive Polyurethane Containing Castor Oil and Oxime Compounds. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1838. [PMID: 32824552 DOI: 10.3390/polym12081838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive polyurethane hot-melt resin (moisture-cured reactive polyurethane, PUR) could successfully be prepared from poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol (PTMG), castor oil and dimethylglyoxime (DMG) by one or two-stage synthesis. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis showed that the synthesis resins belonged to NCO-capped castor oil-based polyurethane. The thermal behaviors of the cured PUR were analyzed by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) instruments. The results showed that the cured resin provided remeltable properties under the dosages of 3 wt% DMG. Furthermore, the phenomenon could be proved by FTIR analysis according to the characteristic absorption peak of NCO groups after the cured resin was heated. Comparing different syntheses, the resin prepared by one-stage synthesis showed random distribution of DMG with PUR structure and that prepared by two-stage synthesis had distribution of DMG with branching structure in the prepolymer. The former obtained lower remeltable temperatures from 90 to 130 °C than the latter temperatures, which had temperatures above 125 °C. The tensile test showed that all of the PUR films exhibited typical tough behavior. Thus, the cured resin with DMG dosages of 3 wt% provided remeltable and mechanical properties at the same time. Overall, the crosslinking density and numbers of dynamic bonds should be kept in balance for preparation of remeltable PUR.
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Chibac-Scutaru AL, Podasca V, Timpu D, Melinte V. Comparative Study on the Influence of Noble Metal Nanoparticles (Ag, Au, Pd) on the Photocatalytic Activity of ZnO NPs Embedded in Renewable Castor Oil Polymer Matrices. Materials (Basel) 2020; 13:E3468. [PMID: 32781645 DOI: 10.3390/ma13163468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid polymeric materials, due to the unique combination of properties that can be obtained by the convenient variation of organic and inorganic components, represent an attractive alternative for many applications, especially photocatalysis. Herein, we report the preparation of nanocomposite films containing functionalized ZnO nanoparticles, as well as in situ photogenerated noble metal nanoparticles (Ag, Au, Pd), for the achieving of materials with enhanced photocatalytic activity under visible light. The flexible free-standing nanocomposite films were synthesized by photopolymerization of a monomer mixture (silane castor oil urethane dimethacrylate and polypropylene oxide urethane dimethacrylate) in the presence of a Irgacure 819 photoinitiator. The efficiency of ZnO NPs functionalization was established by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis, while the polymer composites were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy to evidence the formation, size and distribution of the nanoparticles inside the photocrosslinked matrix. To establish the photocatalytic capacity of nanocomposite films, the decomposition of various pollutants (methyl orange, phenol, metronidazole) was monitored under visible light irradiation, the best results being obtained for Au/ZnO film. Also, the advantage of immobilizing the catalysts in a polymeric support and its recycling ability without a significant decrease in photocatalytic efficiency was analysed.
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Rubowitz A, Ayalon A, Roy PK, Shoval S, Legchenkova I, Bormashenko E. Study of wetting of the animal retinas by Water and organic liquids and its Implications for ophthalmology. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 195:111265. [PMID: 32739770 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Interfacial properties of the animal retinas are reported. Wetting of the retina-retinal pigment epithelium-choroid-sclera tissues of cow, sheep, and pig eyes by water, silicone and castor oil was explored experimentally. Both water and silicone oils demonstrated complete wetting of the retina, regardless of the viscosity of the silicone oil, whereas the castor oil demonstrated a partial wetting regime. Similar wetting regimes were observed for sheep, cow and pig retinas. The intact surface of animal retina was found to be both hydrophilic and oleophilic. Wetting experiments with double sandwich oil/water layers were performed. Water demonstrated stronger affinity to the retina than silicone and castor oils, and eventually replaced the oils at the liquid/retina interface. We conclude that aqueous solutions continuously secreted in the living eye may displace silicone oil from the retinal surface and contribute to retinal re-detachment. Study of dynamics of wetting of the animal retina by water and organic oils is reported. The exponent describing the dynamics of spreading of the castor oil is lower than that predicted by the Tanner law. Castor oil may provide more effective tamponade than silicone oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Rubowitz
- Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anfisa Ayalon
- Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
| | - Pritam Kumar Roy
- Engineering Faculty, Chemical Engineering Department, Ariel University, 407000, P.O.B. 3, Ariel, Israel; Engineering Faculty, Industrial Engineering and Management Department, Ariel University, P. O. B. 3, 407000 Ariel, Israel
| | - Shraga Shoval
- Engineering Faculty, Industrial Engineering and Management Department, Ariel University, P. O. B. 3, 407000 Ariel, Israel
| | - Irina Legchenkova
- Engineering Faculty, Chemical Engineering Department, Ariel University, 407000, P.O.B. 3, Ariel, Israel
| | - Edward Bormashenko
- Engineering Faculty, Chemical Engineering Department, Ariel University, 407000, P.O.B. 3, Ariel, Israel.
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