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Abhinav P, Li YJ, Huang RT, Liu XY, Gu JN, Yang CX, Xu YJ, Wang J, Yang YQ. Somatic GATA4 mutation contributes to tetralogy of Fallot. Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:91. [PMID: 38274337 PMCID: PMC10809308 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most prevalent cyanotic congenital heart pathology and causes infant morbidity and mortality worldwide. GATA-binding protein 4 (GATA4) serves as a pivotal transcriptional factor for embryonic cardiogenesis and germline GATA4 mutations are causally linked to TOF. However, the effects of somatic GATA4 mutations on the pathogenesis of TOF remain to be ascertained. In the present study, sequencing assay of GATA4 was performed utilizing genomic DNA derived from resected heart tissue specimens as well as matched peripheral blood specimens of 62 patients with non-familial TOF who underwent surgical treatment for TOF. Sequencing of GATA4 was also performed using the heart tissue specimens as well as matched peripheral venous blood samples of 68 sporadic cases who underwent heart valve displacement because of rheumatic heart disorder and the peripheral venous whole blood samples of 216 healthy subjects. The function of the mutant was explored by dual-luciferase activity analysis. Consequently, a new GATA4 mutation, NM_002052.5:c.708T>G;p.(Tyr236*), was found in the heart tissue of one patient with TOF. No mutation was detected in the heart tissue of the 68 cases suffering from rheumatic heart disorder or in the venous blood samples of all 346 individuals. GATA4 mutant failed to transactivate its target gene, myosin heavy chain 6. Additionally, this mutation nullified the synergistic transactivation between GATA4 and T-box transcription factor 5 or NK2 homeobox 5, two genes causative for TOF. Somatic GATA4 mutation predisposes TOF, highlighting the significant contribution of somatic variations to the molecular pathogenesis underpinning TOF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradhan Abhinav
- Department of Cardiology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Jie Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
| | - Ri-Tai Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Xing-Yuan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Ning Gu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Chen-Xi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Jia Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Qing Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
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Beltran TA. Normative Values for Serum Neurofilament Light Chain in US Adults. J Clin Neurol 2024; 20:46-49. [PMID: 38179631 PMCID: PMC10782095 DOI: 10.3988/jcn.2022.0340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels serve as a marker of neuroaxonal injury and can be measured in both cerebrospinal fluid and serum. Although serum NfL (sNfL) levels have been shown to increase with the progression of various neurological conditions, normative values for healthy individuals have not yet been established. This study was undertaken to determine age-specific normative values for sNfL and evaluate the associations between sNfL and sociodemographic characteristics. METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted using population-based data collected by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2013 and 2014. The sera of 2071 adult participants were collected. General linear models were used to examine the associations between sNfL levels and sample characteristics. RESULTS The data analysis revealed a significant positive association between age and sNfL levels (p<0.001). Sex was also associated with sNfL levels (p=0.04) after controlling for age. The mean sNfL levels for males and females were 17.99 pg/mL (95% confidence interval [CI]=15.43-20.17) and 15.78 pg/mL (95% CI=13.00-18.55) respectively, after controlling for age. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that sNfL levels increase with age and are affected by sex. The findings of this study provide a useful baseline for comparing sNfL levels in clinical practice and future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Beltran
- Department of Research, Womack Army Medical Center, Fort Liberty, NC, USA.
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Li N, Li YJ, Guo XJ, Wu SH, Jiang WF, Zhang DL, Wang KW, Li L, Sun YM, Xu YJ, Yang YQ, Qiu XB. Discovery of TBX20 as a Novel Gene Underlying Atrial Fibrillation. Biology (Basel) 2023; 12:1186. [PMID: 37759586 PMCID: PMC10525918 DOI: 10.3390/biology12091186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most prevalent type of sustained cardiac dysrhythmia globally, confers strikingly enhanced risks for cognitive dysfunction, stroke, chronic cardiac failure, and sudden cardiovascular demise. Aggregating studies underscore the crucial roles of inherited determinants in the occurrence and perpetuation of AF. However, due to conspicuous genetic heterogeneity, the inherited defects accounting for AF remain largely indefinite. Here, via whole-genome genotyping with genetic markers and a linkage assay in a family suffering from AF, a new AF-causative locus was located at human chromosome 7p14.2-p14.3, a ~4.89 cM (~4.43-Mb) interval between the markers D7S526 and D7S2250. An exome-wide sequencing assay unveiled that, at the defined locus, the mutation in the TBX20 gene, NM_001077653.2: c.695A>G; p.(His232Arg), was solely co-segregated with AF in the family. Additionally, a Sanger sequencing assay of TBX20 in another family suffering from AF uncovered a novel mutation, NM_001077653.2: c.862G>C; p.(Asp288His). Neither of the two mutations were observed in 600 unrelated control individuals. Functional investigations demonstrated that the two mutations both significantly reduced the transactivation of the target gene KCNH2 (a well-established AF-causing gene) and the ability to bind the promoter of KCNH2, while they had no effect on the nuclear distribution of TBX20. Conclusively, these findings reveal a new AF-causative locus at human chromosome 7p14.2-p14.3 and strongly indicate TBX20 as a novel AF-predisposing gene, shedding light on the mechanism underlying AF and suggesting clinical significance for the allele-specific treatment of AF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Department of Cardiology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China;
| | - Yan-Jie Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; (Y.-J.L.); (S.-H.W.); (W.-F.J.)
| | - Xiao-Juan Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China; (X.-J.G.); (Y.-J.X.)
- Center for Complex Cardiac Arrhythmias of Minhang District, Shanghai Fifth People′s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shao-Hui Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; (Y.-J.L.); (S.-H.W.); (W.-F.J.)
| | - Wei-Feng Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; (Y.-J.L.); (S.-H.W.); (W.-F.J.)
| | - Dao-Liang Zhang
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen 518057, China;
| | - Kun-Wei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China;
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education of China, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China;
| | - Yu-Min Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jing’an District Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China;
| | - Ying-Jia Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China; (X.-J.G.); (Y.-J.X.)
- Center for Complex Cardiac Arrhythmias of Minhang District, Shanghai Fifth People′s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yi-Qing Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China; (X.-J.G.); (Y.-J.X.)
- Center for Complex Cardiac Arrhythmias of Minhang District, Shanghai Fifth People′s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xing-Biao Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; (Y.-J.L.); (S.-H.W.); (W.-F.J.)
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Ben Mansour K, Komínek P, Komínková M, Brožová J. Characterization of Prunus Necrotic Ringspot Virus and Cherry Virus A Infecting Myrobalan Rootstock. Viruses 2023; 15:1723. [PMID: 37632065 PMCID: PMC10459944 DOI: 10.3390/v15081723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) and cherry virus A (CVA) are two viruses that mainly infect plants of the genus Prunus. Full-length sequences of these two viruses, collected in the Czech Republic from Prunus cerasifera plants, were obtained via HTS sequencing. Phylogenetic analyses based on the NJ method and Splitstree tools showed that the Czech PNRSV isolate (ON088600-ON088602) is a divergent isolate from other molecular groups, sharing less than 97% pairwise nucleotide identity with members of other groups. The Czech CVA isolate (ON088603) belonged to molecular subgroup III-2, clustered with isolates from non-cherry hosts, and shared the highest pairwise nucleotide identity (99.7%) with an isolate of Australian origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karima Ben Mansour
- Ecology, Diagnostics and Genetic Resources of Agriculturally Important Viruses, Fungi and Phytoplasmas, Crop Research Institute, Drnovská 507, 161 06 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.B.M.); (M.K.); (J.B.)
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Komínek
- Ecology, Diagnostics and Genetic Resources of Agriculturally Important Viruses, Fungi and Phytoplasmas, Crop Research Institute, Drnovská 507, 161 06 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.B.M.); (M.K.); (J.B.)
| | - Marcela Komínková
- Ecology, Diagnostics and Genetic Resources of Agriculturally Important Viruses, Fungi and Phytoplasmas, Crop Research Institute, Drnovská 507, 161 06 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.B.M.); (M.K.); (J.B.)
| | - Jana Brožová
- Ecology, Diagnostics and Genetic Resources of Agriculturally Important Viruses, Fungi and Phytoplasmas, Crop Research Institute, Drnovská 507, 161 06 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.B.M.); (M.K.); (J.B.)
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Jarantow SW, Pisors ED, Chiu ML. Introduction to the Use of Linear and Nonlinear Regression Analysis in Quantitative Biological Assays. Curr Protoc 2023; 3:e801. [PMID: 37358238 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Biological assays are essential tools in biomedical and pharmaceutical research. In simplest terms, such an assay is an analytical method used to measure or predict a response in a biological system in the presence of a given stimulus (e.g., drug). The inherent complexity involved in evaluating a biological system requires the use of rigorous and appropriate tools for data analysis. Linear and nonlinear regression models represent critically important statistical analyses used to define the relationships between variables of interest in biological systems. Recent challenges relating to the reproducibility of published data suggest the absence of standardized and routine use of statistics to support experimental results across a wide range of scientific disciplines. The current situation warrants an introductory review of basic regression concepts using current, practical examples, along with references to in-depth resources. The goal is to provide the necessary information to help standardize the analysis of biological assays in academic research and drug discovery and development, elevating their utility and increasing data transparency and reproducibility. © 2023 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mark L Chiu
- Tavotek Biotherapeutics, Lower Gwynedd, Pennsylvania
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Shaw JR, Castellucci LA, Siegal D, Carrier M. DOAC-associated bleeding, hemostatic strategies, and thrombin generation assays - a review of the literature. J Thromb Haemost 2023; 21:433-452. [PMID: 36696204 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2022.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) account for most oral anticoagulant use. DOAC-associated bleeding events are commonly encountered in clinical practice and are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Both specific reversal agents and nonspecific hemostatic therapies, such as prothrombin complex concentrates, are used in the management of DOAC-associated bleeding. Measuring hemostatic efficacy and demonstrating a clinical impact from these therapies among studies of bleeding patients is challenging. Thrombin generation assays provide information on the total hemostatic potential of plasma, and have emerged as a promising modality to both measure the impact of DOACs on coagulation and to evaluate the effects of hemostatic therapies among patients with DOAC-associated bleeding. The mechanisms by which nonspecific hemostatic agents impact coagulation and thrombin generation in the context of DOAC therapy are unclear. As a result, we undertook a review of the literature using a systematic search strategy with the goal of summarizing the effects of DOACs on thrombin generation and the effects of both specific reversal agents and nonspecific hemostatic therapies on DOAC-altered thrombin generation parameters. We sought to identify clinical studies focusing on whether altered thrombin generation is associated with clinical bleeding and whether correction of altered thrombin generation parameters predicts improvements in clinical hemostasis. Lastly, we sought to outline future directions for the application of thrombin generation assays toward anticoagulation therapies and the question of anticoagulation reversal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph R Shaw
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa and the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.
| | - Lana A Castellucci
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa and the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Deborah Siegal
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa and the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Marc Carrier
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa and the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
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Xu ZY, Feng T, Liu Q, Li HT, Wei W, Shi RC, Cao YM, Liu SZ. Design, Synthesis, Fungicidal and Insecticidal Activities of Novel Diamide Compounds Combining Pyrazolyl and Polyfluoro-Substituted Phenyl into Alanine or 2-Aminobutyric Acid Skeletons. Molecules 2023; 28. [PMID: 36677619 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Thirty novel diamide compounds combining pyrazolyl and polyfluoro-substituted phenyl groups into alanine or 2-aminobutyric acid skeletons were designed and synthesized with pyflubumide as the lead compound to develop potent and environmentally friendly pesticides. The preliminary bioassay results indicated that the new compounds containing the para-hexa/heptafluoroisopropylphenyl moiety exhibit fungicidal, insecticidal, and acaricidal activities. This is the first time that the para-hexa/heptafluoroisopropylphenyl group is a key fragment of the fungicidal activity of new N-phenyl amide compounds. Most of the target compounds exhibited moderate to good insecticidal activity against Aphis craccivora at a concentration of 400 μg/mL, and some showed moderate activity at a concentration of 200 μg/mL; in particular, compounds I-4, II-a-10, and III-26 displayed higher than 78% lethal rates at 200 μg/mL. Compound II-a-14 exhibited a 61.1% inhibition at 200 μg/mL for Tetranychus cinnabarinus. In addition, some of the target compounds exhibited good insecticidal activities against Plutella xylostella at a concentration of 200 μg/mL; the mortalities of compounds I-1, and II-a-15 were 76.7% and 70.0%, respectively. Preliminary analysis of the structure-activity relationship (SAR) indicated that the insecticidal and acaricidal activities varied significantly depending on the type of substituent and substitution pattern. The fungicidal activity results showed that compounds I-1, II-a-10, II-a-17, and III-26 exhibited good antifungal effects. Enzymatic activity experiments and in vivo efficacy of compound II-a-10 were conducted and discussed.
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Liu X, Wen S, You W, Wang X, Li QX, Bian Q, Lv P, Hua R. Efficient Total Synthesis and Herbicidal Activity of 3-Acyltetramic Acids: Endogenous Abscisic Acid Synthesis Regulators. J Agric Food Chem 2022; 70:13510-13517. [PMID: 36251501 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
An efficient synthesis method will allow a large number of tetramic acid analogues to be synthesized for property and potency optimization. In this study, a facile and efficient method was described for the synthesis of 3-acyltetramic acids. The synthesis was accomplished mainly via (1) mild intramolecular cyclization and (2) the formation of β-ketoamides between nucleophiles and acyl Meldrum's acids. 3-Acyltetramic acid exhibited phytotoxicity against Echinochloa crusgalli and Portulaca oleracea. At a dosage of 750 g ha-1, 6k and 6a showed high herbicidal activity against E. crusgalli, Digitaria sanguinalis and P. oleracea, Amaranthus retroflexus, respectively. 6k inhibited the synthesis of endogenous abscisic acid, thus seedling germination and plant growth. The incorporation of various acyl Meldrum's acids and amino acid esters was applicable to the parallel synthesis of 3-acyltetramic acids. The mode of action and herbicidal activity indicate that 3-tetramic acid had good herbicidal performance and was a promising herbicide candidate. This study will provide a reference for novel herbicide development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiankun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Safety of Anhui Province, School of Resource & Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiangxi Road, Hefei, Anhui230036, China
| | - Shiqiang Wen
- Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Safety of Anhui Province, School of Resource & Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiangxi Road, Hefei, Anhui230036, China
| | - Weichen You
- Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Safety of Anhui Province, School of Resource & Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiangxi Road, Hefei, Anhui230036, China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Safety of Anhui Province, School of Resource & Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiangxi Road, Hefei, Anhui230036, China
| | - Qing X Li
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1955 East-West Road, Honolulu, Hawaii96822, United States
| | - Qiang Bian
- National Pesticide Engineering Research Center (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin300071, China
| | - Pei Lv
- Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Safety of Anhui Province, School of Resource & Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiangxi Road, Hefei, Anhui230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollutant Sensitive Materials and Environmental Remediation, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui235000, China
| | - Rimao Hua
- Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Safety of Anhui Province, School of Resource & Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiangxi Road, Hefei, Anhui230036, China
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Akram N, Usman M, Haider S, Akhtar MS, Gul K. Impact of Diisocyanates on Morphological and In Vitro Biological Efficacy of Eco-Friendly Castor-Oil-Based Water-Borne Polyurethane Dispersions. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:3701. [PMID: 36080776 DOI: 10.3390/polym14173701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for renewable resources that can replace petroleum products is not only nerve-wracking, but also perplexing, as there is an abundance of plants that have yet to be explored. In this project, virgin castor oil was converted to polyol in two steps: epoxidation and hydroxylation. The resulting polyol was used to synthesize two series of water-borne polyurethane dispersions (WPUDs). The effects of the diisocyanates on the final product were evaluated. Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate (H12MDI) were used as the hard segment (HS) up to 72 wt%, along with 1-4 butanediol (BD) as the chain extender, for the dispersions. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the bonds required for the synthesis of the dispersions. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed the multistep degradation for both series: maximum degradation took place at 500 °C for IPDI and 600 °C for H12MDI-based series. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed phase-segmented morphology. Hemolytic activity was observed at biologically safe levels of up to 7.5% for H12MDI-based series. Inhibition of biofilm formation showed comparable results against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus): up to 46%. The results were also confirmed by phase contrast microscopy.
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de Leur K, Vollenbrock C, Dekker P, de Vries M, Birnie E, Mul D, Wolffenbuttel BHR, Groen J, Aanstoot H, Boesten L. How low is really low? Comparison of two C-peptide assays to establish residual C-peptide production in type 1 diabetes. Diabet Med 2022; 39:e14785. [PMID: 34989030 PMCID: PMC9303196 DOI: 10.1111/dme.14785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION C-peptide is an important marker to assess residual insulin production in individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D). The accuracy and detection limits of C-peptide assays are important to detect C-peptide microsecretion and to reliably observe changes over time in these people. We compared and verified two commercially available assays able to measure C-peptide in the picomolar range. METHODS The ultrasensitive Mercodia enzyme-linked immunosorbent C-peptide assay (ELISA) was compared with the Beckman immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) for C-peptide, assessing reproducibility (coefficient of variation [CV]), limit of blank (LoB), limit of detection (LoD) and limit of quantitation (LoQ). RESULTS For both assays within-run and between-run variation were high at the low (around the detection limit) C-peptide concentration range, with CVs of around 40%. LoB values for the ultrasensitive ELISA and the IRMA were 1.3 and 0.16 pmol/L respectively. LoD values were 2.4 and 0.54 pmol/L respectively. LoQ values were 9.7 and 3.8 pmol/L respectively. Only the IRMA met the specifications claimed by the manufacturer. CONCLUSIONS The IRMA provided the lowest threshold for quantification of serum C-peptide. LoQ of commercially available assays should be established in-house before applying them in research studies and clinical trials in which low C-peptide levels have clinical or scientific relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kitty de Leur
- Department of Clinical ChemistryIJsselland HospitalCapelle aan den IJsselThe Netherlands
| | - Charlotte Vollenbrock
- Department of EndocrinologyUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Pim Dekker
- Diabeter, Center for Pediatric and Adult Diabetes Care and ResearchRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Martine de Vries
- Diabeter, Center for Pediatric and Adult Diabetes Care and ResearchRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Erwin Birnie
- Diabeter, Center for Pediatric and Adult Diabetes Care and ResearchRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of GeneticsUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Dick Mul
- Diabeter, Center for Pediatric and Adult Diabetes Care and ResearchRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Bruce H. R. Wolffenbuttel
- Department of EndocrinologyUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Joost Groen
- Department of Clinical ChemistryIJsselland HospitalCapelle aan den IJsselThe Netherlands
| | - Henk‐Jan Aanstoot
- Diabeter, Center for Pediatric and Adult Diabetes Care and ResearchRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Lianne Boesten
- Department of Clinical ChemistryIJsselland HospitalCapelle aan den IJsselThe Netherlands
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Lowe AE, Jones R, Kitchen S, Geisen U, Rozsnyai G, Jilma P, Quehenberger P. Multicenter performance evaluation and reference range determination of a new one-stage factor VIII assay. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24294. [PMID: 35274775 PMCID: PMC8993620 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction We conducted a multicenter evaluation of a new one‐stage factor VIII (FVIII) assay (Roche Diagnostics), intended for the quantitative assessment of FVIII activity. We evaluated the analytical performance of the FVIII assay on the cobas t 711 analyzer. Methods Experiments performed at three laboratories used 3.2% citrated residual or commercially purchased plasma samples. Five human plasma pools and two controls were used to determine assay within‐run and within‐laboratory precision, and total reproducibility; coefficients of variation (CVs) and/or standard deviations (SDs) were calculated. Lot‐to‐lot variability and method comparison (vs Coagulation FVIII Deficient Plasma/Dade Actin FS Activated PTT reagent/Standard Human Plasma Calibrator on the Sysmex CS‐5100 analyzer; Siemens Healthineers) were evaluated by Passing–Bablok and Deming regression, respectively, and Pearson's r calculated. Assay‐specific reference range was determined using 199 fresh plasma samples from healthy adults, not receiving anticoagulants. Results Across sites, SDs for repeatability were 0.016–0.046 for samples with ≤1.0 international units (IU)/dL FVIII activity; CVs were 0.9%–3.8% for samples with >1.0 IU/dl activity. Among samples with mean FVIII activity 0.344–133 IU/dl, good intermediate precision (SD 0.020 for samples with 0.344 IU/dl activity; CV 1.8%–4.7%) and good total reproducibility (CV 2.0%–13.3%) were observed. The FVIII assay showed excellent lot‐to‐lot variability (Pearson's r = .999) and good correlation with the comparator assay (Pearson's r = .993–.996). The reference range for FVIII activity was 82.2−218.0 IU/dl. Conclusion The one‐stage FVIII assay demonstrated robust analytical performance on the cobas t 711 analyzer, supporting its use in routine laboratory practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna E Lowe
- Sheffield Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, Sheffield, UK
| | - Robert Jones
- Sheffield Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, Sheffield, UK
| | - Steve Kitchen
- Sheffield Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, Sheffield, UK
| | - Ulrich Geisen
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Petra Jilma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Quehenberger
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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12
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Palmer P, Del Rosario JMM, da Costa KAS, Carnell GW, Huang CQ, Heeney JL, Temperton NJ, Wells DA. AutoPlate: Rapid Dose-Response Curve Analysis for Biological Assays. Front Immunol 2022; 12:681636. [PMID: 35222351 PMCID: PMC8866857 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.681636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of COVID-19 has emphasised that biological assay data must be analysed quickly to develop safe, effective and timely vaccines/therapeutics. For viruses such as SARS-CoV-2, the primary way of measuring immune correlates of protection is through assays such as the pseudotype microneutralisation (pMN) assay, thanks to its safety and versatility. However, despite the presence of existing tools for data analysis such as PRISM and R the analysis of these assays remains cumbersome and time-consuming. We introduce an open-source R Shiny web application and R library (AutoPlate) to accelerate data analysis of dose-response curve immunoassays. Using example data from influenza studies, we show that AutoPlate improves on available analysis software in terms of ease of use, flexibility and speed. AutoPlate (https://philpalmer.shinyapps.io/AutoPlate/) is a tool for the use of laboratories and wider scientific community to accelerate the analysis of biological assays in the development of viral vaccines and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phil Palmer
- Laboratory of Viral Zoonotics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Joanne Marie M Del Rosario
- Viral Pseudotype Unit, Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom.,Department of Physical Sciences and Mathematics, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Kelly A S da Costa
- Viral Pseudotype Unit, Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom
| | - George W Carnell
- Laboratory of Viral Zoonotics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Chloe Q Huang
- Laboratory of Viral Zoonotics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan L Heeney
- Laboratory of Viral Zoonotics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,DIOSynVax, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nigel J Temperton
- Viral Pseudotype Unit, Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom
| | - David A Wells
- DIOSynVax, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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13
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Lopez-Silva C, Surapaneni A, Coresh J, Reiser J, Parikh CR, Obeid W, Grams ME, Chen TK. Comparison of Aptamer-Based and Antibody-Based Assays for Protein Quantification in Chronic Kidney Disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2022; 17:350-360. [PMID: 35197258 PMCID: PMC8975030 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.11700921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Novel aptamer-based technologies can identify >7000 analytes per sample, offering a high-throughput alternative to traditional immunoassays in biomarker discovery. However, the specificity for distinct proteins has not been thoroughly studied in the context of CKD. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS We assessed the use of SOMAscan, an aptamer-based technology, for the quantification of eight immune activation biomarkers and cystatin C among 498 African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension (AASK) participants using immunoassays as the gold standard. We evaluated correlations of serum proteins as measured by SOMAscan versus immunoassays with each other and with iothalamate-measured GFR. We then compared associations between proteins measurement with risks of incident kidney failure and all-cause mortality. RESULTS Six biomarkers (IL-8, soluble TNF receptor superfamily member 1B [TNFRSF1B], cystatin C, soluble TNF receptor superfamily member 1A [TNFRSF1A], IL-6, and soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor [suPAR]) had non-negligible correlations (r=0.94, 0.93, 0.89, 0.85, 0.46, and 0.23, respectively) between SOMAscan and immunoassay measurements, and three (IL-10, IFN-γ, and TNF-α) were uncorrelated (r=0.08, 0.07, and 0.02, respectively). Of the six biomarkers with non-negligible correlations, TNFRSF1B, cystatin C, TNFRSF1A, and suPAR were negatively correlated with measured GFR and associated with higher risk of kidney failure. IL-8, TNFRSF1B, cystatin C, TNFRSF1A, and suPAR were associated with a higher risk of mortality via both methods. On average, immunoassay measurements were more strongly associated with adverse outcomes than their SOMAscan counterparts. CONCLUSIONS SOMAscan is an efficient and relatively reliable technique for quantifying IL-8, TNFRSF1B, cystatin C, and TNFRSF1A in CKD and detecting their potential associations with clinical outcomes. PODCAST This article contains a podcast at https://www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2022_02_23_CJN11700921.mp3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Lopez-Silva
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Aditya Surapaneni
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland,Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Josef Coresh
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland,Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland,Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jochen Reiser
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Chirag R. Parikh
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland,Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland,Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Wassim Obeid
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Morgan E. Grams
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland,Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland,Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Teresa K. Chen
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland,Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
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Vianna CMM, Mosegui GBG. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Implementation of Cryptococcal Antigen Lateral Flow Assay for the Diagnosis of Cryptococcal Meningitis in Symptomatic People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Brazil. Value Health Reg Issues 2021; 29:53-9. [PMID: 34801886 DOI: 10.1016/j.vhri.2021.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cryptococcal meningitis constitutes a significant source of mortality in the developing world. Annually, approximately 625 000 deaths occur worldwide among patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. This study aims to assess the cost-effectiveness of implementing cryptococcal antigen lateral flow assay (CRAG-LFA) screening in Brazil compared with the current practice. METHODS An economic evaluation using a Monte Carlo microsimulation was conducted, considering the perspective of the Brazilian Public Health System, to calculate the cost-effectiveness of 4 diagnosis tests: (1) CRAG-LFA, (2) the cryptococcal antigen latex agglutination (CRAG-LA) test, (3) India ink, and (4) nontracking as a baseline. The time horizon comprised 1 year for the intervention and 5 years for the budgetary impact analysis. Two primary effectiveness outcomes were considered: years of life and quality-adjusted life-years. RESULTS CRAG-LFA has extended dominance vis à vis CRAG-LA and India ink. CRAG-LFA would cost $418.46 more than CRAG-LA for the treatment of each symptomatic patient living with HIV, with an incremental cost effectiveness ratio of $2478.75/quality-adjusted life year. The budgetary impact analysis estimated that the incorporation of CRAG-LFA would have an additional cost of $1 959 236.50 in 5 years. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that, for patients living with HIV in the Brazilian Public Health System, the adoption of CRAG-LFA screening is cost-effective compared with the use of CRAG-LA and India ink. It represents an opportunity to prevent cryptococcal meningitis and its mortality in Brazil.
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15
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Ketteler C, Hoffmann I, Davidson S, Tiede A, Richter N. Monitoring of different factor VIII replacement products using a factor VIII one-stage clotting assay on cobas t 511/711 analysers. Haemophilia 2021; 27:e704-e712. [PMID: 34590394 PMCID: PMC9291471 DOI: 10.1111/hae.14416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recombinant coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) products are the standard of care for patients with haemophilia A. The development of modified FVIII products has provided benefit for patients but presented challenges for monitoring FVIII activity. AIM This single-centre study evaluated the Roche FVIII one-stage clotting assay (OSA) in measuring FVIII activity in plasma samples spiked with seven FVIII products at clinically relevant concentrations. METHODS FVIII-deficient plasma samples were spiked with two batches of recombinant FVIII products (octocog alfa, moroctocog alfa, simoctocog alfa, efmoroctocog alfa, damoctocog alfa pegol, rurioctocog alfa pegol, lonoctocog alfa) at 1-120 IU/dL FVIII activity, according to their labelled potency. Measurement was conducted on the cobas t 511/711 analysers using the Roche FVIII OSA and the Technoclone TECHNOCHROM FVIII:C chromogenic substrate assay (CSA). RESULTS Using the OSA, FVIII activity was close to labelled potency for most analysed FVIII products including a recombinant FVIII Fc fusion protein. PEGylated FVIII product, damoctocog alfa pegol, was marginally above and single-chain product, lonoctocog alfa, below the predefined acceptance criteria: for FVIII activity < 25 IU/dL: ± 5 IU/dL; for FVIII activity ≥ 25 IU/dL: ± 20% (relative). The different principles of OSA and CSA led to discrepancies in the estimation of all analysed FVIII products. Additionally, in vitro recovery was increased at lower levels of FVIII activity using the OSA, whereas recovery was more consistent using the CSA. CONCLUSION These data allow the interpretation of FVIII activity results for different FVIII products using the Roche FVIII OSA on the cobas t 511/711 analysers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Simon Davidson
- Roche Diagnostics International Ltd, Rotkreuz, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Tiede
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Pinto D, Trink A, Giuliani G, Rinaldi F. Protective effects of sunscreen (50+) and octatrienoic acid 0.1% in actinic keratosis and UV damages. J Investig Med 2021; 70:92-98. [PMID: 34531252 PMCID: PMC8717479 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2021-001972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Actinic keratosis is a form of dysplastic epidermal lesion resulting from chronic and excessive UV exposure with a certain risk of becoming cancerous. Current guidelines advocated the use of sunscreens to prevent photodamage. An efficient photoprotection must involve both primary protective factors such as UV filters and secondary factors (eg, antioxidants) able to disrupt the photochemical and genetic cascade triggered by UVs. An in vitro model of human skin (Phenion FT) was used to assess the photoprotective potential of a sunscreen containing inorganic sun-filters (50+ SPF) and 0.1% octatrienoic acid (KERA’+) after UVA (10 J/cm2) and UVB (25 mJ/cm2) by means of evaluation of the number of sunburn cells (SBCs) and apoptotic keratinocytes. Also resulting alterations in the gene expression of markers involved in apoptosis (Tumor protein 53), inflammation/immunosuppression (IL-6 and IL-8), oxidative stress (oxidative stress response enzyme heme oxygenase 1), remodeling (metalloproteinase 1) and cell-cell adhesion (E-cadherin) were investigated. Gene expression was investigated using quantitative real-time PCR. This work demonstrated that the sunscreen preparations under study (with and without 0.1% octatrienoic acid, respectively) can be distinguished about their ability to prevent UVs-induced damage. Synergism between the inorganic filters and 0.1% octatrienoic acid was found (KERA’+) on all end points analyzed and this effect was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). Our data revealed that topical application of a sunscreen containing inorganic filters (50+SPF) and 0.1% octatrienoic acid can protect from SBC formation, reduce the number of apoptotic keratinocytes and protect from the main molecular alterations caused by UV radiations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Trink
- Human Microbiome Advanced Project, Milan, Italy
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17
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Robinson MM, George LA, Carr ME, Samelson‐Jones BJ, Arruda VR, Murphy JE, Rybin D, Rupon J, High KA, Tiefenbacher S. Factor IX assay discrepancies in the setting of liver gene therapy using a hyperfunctional variant factor IX-Padua. J Thromb Haemost 2021; 19:1212-1218. [PMID: 33636038 PMCID: PMC8130854 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited information exists regarding the factor IX (FIX) coagulant activity (FIX:C) measured by different assays following FIX-Padua gene therapy. OBJECTIVE Assess for the first time FIX:C in five commonly used coagulation assays in plasma samples from hemophilia B subjects receiving FIX-Padua gene transfer. METHODS FIX:C was compared between central (n = 1) and local laboratories (n = 5) in the study, and across four commonly used FIX:C one-stage assays and one FIX:C chromogenic assay. For comparison, samples of pooled congenital FIX-deficient plasma spiked with purified recombinant human FIX (rHFIX)-Padua protein or rHFIX (nonacog alfa) to obtain FIX:C concentrations from ~20% to ~40% were tested. RESULTS FIX:C results at local laboratories strongly correlated with central laboratory results. However, absolute values at the central laboratory were consistently lower than those at local laboratories. Across five different FIX:C assays, a consistent pattern of FIX:C was observed for subjects receiving fidanacogene elaparvovec-expressed gene transfer. Use of Actin FSL activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) reagent in the central laboratory resulted in lower FIX:C values compared with other APTT reagents tested. The chromogenic assay determined lower FIX:C than any of the one-stage assays. The rHFIX-Padua protein-spiked samples showed similar results. In contrast, FIX:C results for rHFIX-nonacog alfa measured within 25% of expected for all one-stage assays and below 25% in the chromogenic assay. CONCLUSIONS Assay-based differences in FIX:C were observed for fidanacogene elaparvovec transgene product and rHFIX-Padua protein, suggesting the variable FIX:C determined with different assay reagents is inherent to the FIX-Padua protein and is not specific to gene therapy-derived FIX-Padua.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary M. Robinson
- Colorado CoagulationLaboratory Corporation of America HoldingsEnglewoodCOUSA
| | - Lindsey A. George
- Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | | | - Benjamin J. Samelson‐Jones
- Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Valder R. Arruda
- Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | | | | | | | - Katherine A. High
- Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
- Spark Therapeutics IncPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Stefan Tiefenbacher
- Colorado CoagulationLaboratory Corporation of America HoldingsEnglewoodCOUSA
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Johansson U, Gallagher K, Burgoyne V, Maus MV, Casey KS, Brini GG, Frigault MJ, Yam JY, Chavda N, Besley C, Lugthart S. Detection of CAR-T19 cells in peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid: An assay applicable to routine diagnostic laboratories. Cytometry B Clin Cytom 2021; 100:622-631. [PMID: 33915021 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.22005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chimeric antigen receptor-modified T-cells targeting CD19 (CAR-T19) are licensed for treating relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Predicting treatment responses and toxicity (e.g., cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity) remains a big challenge. CAR-T19 monitoring could increase our understanding of treatment responses and be of relevance to patient management. A robust method for accurate CAR-T19 detection is therefore extremely desirable. METHODS An assay that uses fluorochrome-conjugated human recombinant soluble CD19 was tested against two commercially available CAR-T19 therapies and a CAR-T19 cell line developed in-house. Precision, concordance, and analyte stability were tested using peripheral blood obtained from CAR-T19-treated patients and controls. RESULTS The assay showed good accuracy, and had a limit of blank for whole blood samples of 0.13%. Reproducibility and inter-operator concordance were satisfactory (CVs <15%). The assay distinguished CAR-T19 from reactive T-cells in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with suspected immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), and was adapted to study memory T-cell compartments in treated patients. CONCLUSION The assay enabled routine monitoring of CAR-T19 in blood and CSF samples. Despite profound cytopenia in many lymphoma patients, results were obtained regularly from only 4 ml of blood. The assay can be adapted easily to characterize the memory and exhaustion status of CAR-T19 and native T-cells. Importantly, it does not rely on CAR construct specificity; thus, it can be used to detect any CD19-targeted CAR cell. Finally, our validation process can serve as a blueprint for other fluorochrome proteins used to detect CAR cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrika Johansson
- SI-HMDS, University Hospitals and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Kathleen Gallagher
- Cellular Immunotherapy Program, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Victoria Burgoyne
- SI-HMDS, University Hospitals and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Marcela V Maus
- Cellular Immunotherapy Program, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Keagan S Casey
- Cellular Immunotherapy Program, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gabrielle G Brini
- Cellular Immunotherapy Program, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Matthew J Frigault
- Cellular Immunotherapy Program, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jennifer Y Yam
- Cellular Immunotherapy Program, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nikesh Chavda
- Department of Haematology, University Hospitals and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline Besley
- Department of Haematology, University Hospitals and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Sanne Lugthart
- Department of Haematology, University Hospitals and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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Azizi S, Soleymani J, Shadjou N. Synthesis of folic acid functionalized terbium-doped dendritic fibrous nano-silica and Interaction with HEK 293 normal, MDA breast cancer and HT 29 colon cancer cells. J Mol Recognit 2020; 33:e2871. [PMID: 32677119 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A novel folic acid functionalized terbium-doped dendritic fibrous nanoparticle (Tb@KCC-1-NH2 -FA) with high surface area was synthesized using a novel hydrothermal protocol. In the present work, we report the fluorescent Tb-doted nanomaterial with emission wavelength at 497 nm which confirms the formation of Tb@KCC-1-NH2 -FA. Synthesized nanoparticles were investigated through transmission electron microscope, field emission scanning electron Microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectra, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, energy dispersive X-ray, Zeta potential and particle size distribution values and AFM (Atomic force microscopy) techniques. Specially, our desired nanomaterial which has FA moieties on the surface of Tb@KCC-1-NH2-FA where interact with folate receptor (FR) which there is on the surface of the various cancer cells. For this purpose, fluorescence microscopy images were used to prove the uptake of FA based nanomaterial with FR-positive MDA breast cancer and HT 29 colon cancer cells. Also HEK 293 normal cells as FR-negative cells verified the specificity of our desired nanomaterial toward the FR-positive cells. The cytotoxicity survey of Tb@KCC-1-NH2 -FA was examined by MTT assays against MDA breast cancer, HT 29 colon cancer and HEK 293 Normal cell lines which confirmed their biocompatible nature with any significant cytotoxic effects even for concentration higher than 900 μg/mL which could be used as a non-toxic catalyst or carrier in biological ambient. Hence, Tb@KCC-1-NH2 -FA were synthesized using green and hydrothermal method; the process was simple with good productivity and desired nanocomposite was non-toxic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Azizi
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jafar Soleymani
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasrin Shadjou
- Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Chemistry, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
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Fukutake K, Kobayashi T, Sommer JM, Hirakata T. Recombinant FIX Fc fusion protein activity assessment with the one-stage clotting assay: A multicenter, assessor-blinded, prospective study in Japan (J-Field Study). Int J Lab Hematol 2020; 42:162-169. [PMID: 31820573 PMCID: PMC7078902 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.13133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The one-stage clotting assay is used to measure factor IX (FIX) activity in patients' plasma samples and in FIX products for hemophilia treatment. However, the diversity of reagents and instruments has resulted in significant FIX assay variability. METHODS The accuracy of the one-stage clotting assay to measure recombinant FIX Fc fusion protein (rFIXFc) activity was evaluated by major Japanese hemophilia treatment centers and commercial laboratories that measure factor IX activity for a majority of hemophilia B patients in Japan. Plasma-derived FIX (pdFIX) and recombinant FIX (rFIX) products were used as comparators. FIX-deficient plasma was spiked with four levels of FIX products based on label potency and measured under blinded conditions by routine one-stage clotting assay procedures in 19 participating laboratories. Interlaboratory coefficient of variation and spike recovery were calculated. RESULTS Interlaboratory coefficient of variation of rFIXFc was not significantly different from that of rFIX, but appeared larger than that of pdFIX. Mean spike recovery for rFIXFc was generally comparable to rFIX and pdFIX. However, larger discrepancies between pdFIX and rFIX were observed in three of nine laboratories using ellagic acid-based activated partial thromboplastin time reagents. CONCLUSION Recombinant FIX Fc fusion protein activity was found to be similar to that of rFIX or pdFIX by the one-stage clotting assay. However, minimizing interlaboratory variability is vital for optimizing future patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuyuki Fukutake
- Department of Laboratory MedicineTokyo Medical UniversityTokyoJapan
- Department of Molecular Genetics of Coagulation DisordersTokyo Medical UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Tomomi Kobayashi
- Sanofi K. K. Rare Blood Disorders MedicalSanofi Genzyme MedicalTokyoJapan
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Heil C. Hedgehog pathway permissive conditions allow generation of immortal cell lines from granule cells derived from cancerous and non-cancerous cerebellum. Open Biol 2020; 9:180145. [PMID: 30958113 PMCID: PMC6367140 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.180145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebellar granule cell progenitors (GCPs) undergo proliferation in the post-natal cerebellum that is dependent on sonic hedgehog (SHH) signalling. Deregulated SHH signalling leads to type 2 medulloblastoma (MB). In this work, a novel cell culture protocol is described, which is suitable for the establishment and long-term maintenance of GCP-derived cells. This method is first applied to SHH pathway active MB cells from Atoh1-cre;Ptch1FL/FL tumours, which leads to the generation of neurosphere-like cell lines expressing GCP markers and an active SHH signalling pathway. These cells also show high sensitivity to the Smoothened inhibitor vismodegib, therefore recapitulating the SHH pathway requirement for survival shown by type 2 MB. Analysis of culture supplements reveals that bFGF and fetal bovine serum act as inhibitors of the SHH pathway and therefore preclude generation of cell lines that are relevant to the study of the SHH pathway. Consequently, these insights are transferred from the context of MB to non-transformed, post-natal day 7 cerebellum-derived cellular explants. In contrast to other, previously used methods, these GCP cultures proliferate indefinitely and depend on SHH pathway activation, either by means of the small molecule SAG or through genetic ablation of Ptch1. This culture method therefore leads to the generation of immortal neurosphere-like cell lines, that are named murine SAG-dependent spheres (mSS). Despite long-term culture, mSS cells remain dependent on continuous stimulation of the SHH pathway. Further, mSS cells maintain their lineage after extensive periods in vitro, as demonstrated by their differentiation towards the neural lineage. Herein a simple method for the generation of immortal cell lines from murine cerebella is defined. These lines can be maintained indefinitely through hedgehog pathway activation and maintain the GCP lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantin Heil
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Rome , 'La Sapienza', Rome , Italy
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22
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Santos NCDS, Scodro RBDL, Leal DC, do Prado SM, Micheletti DF, Sampiron EG, Costacurta GF, de Almeida AL, da Silva LA, Ieque AL, Ghiraldi Lopes LD, de Pádua RA, Siqueira VL, Caleffi-Ferracioli KR, Cardoso RF. Determination of minimum bactericidal concentration, in single or combination drugs, against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Future Microbiol 2020; 15:107-114. [PMID: 32064924 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2019-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate an assay to detect minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, using as single model rifampicin, isoniazid, levofloxacin (LVX) and linezolid (LNZ) and in combination. Material & methods: MBCs were carried out directly from resazurin microtiter assay plate and 3D checkerboard in M. tuberculosis H37Rv and five resistant clinical isolates. Results: The proposed MBC assay showed similar values to those determined by MGIT™, used as control. LVX and LNZ's MBC values were close to their MIC values. LNZ or LVX combined with isoniazid and rifampicin showed MBC value reduced in 63.7% of the assays. Conclusion: The proposed assay to determine MBCs of drugs can be applied to the study of new compounds with anti-M. tuberculosis activity to detect their bactericidal effect and also in laboratory routine for clinical dose adjustment of drugs according to the patient's profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathally C de S Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Bioscience and Physiopathology, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Regiane B de L Scodro
- Laboratory of Medical Bacteriology, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Dayane Cb Leal
- Laboratory of Medical Bacteriology, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Silvia Mt do Prado
- Laboratory of Medical Bacteriology, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Daniela F Micheletti
- Laboratory of Medical Bacteriology, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Eloísa G Sampiron
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Giovana F Costacurta
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Aryadne L de Almeida
- Postgraduate Program in Bioscience and Physiopathology, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Liliani Af da Silva
- Laboratory of Medical Bacteriology, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Andressa L Ieque
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Luciana D Ghiraldi Lopes
- Laboratory of Medical Bacteriology, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rubia Af de Pádua
- Laboratory of Medical Bacteriology, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Vera Ld Siqueira
- Postgraduate Program in Bioscience and Physiopathology, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.,Laboratory of Medical Bacteriology, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Katiany R Caleffi-Ferracioli
- Postgraduate Program in Bioscience and Physiopathology, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.,Laboratory of Medical Bacteriology, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rosilene F Cardoso
- Postgraduate Program in Bioscience and Physiopathology, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.,Laboratory of Medical Bacteriology, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
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23
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Martin F, Pop M, Kacso I, Grosu IG, Miclăuş M, Vodnar D, Lung I, Filip GA, Olteanu ED, Moldovan R, Nagy A, Filip X, Bâldea I. Ketoconazole- p-aminobenzoic Acid Cocrystal: Revival of an Old Drug by Crystal Engineering. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:919-932. [PMID: 31986050 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b01178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The 1:1 cocrystal of the antifungal agent ketoconazole with p-aminobenzoic acid was successfully crystallized and systematically characterized by a physical and pharmacological point of view. Crystal structure determination confirmed the cocrystal identity, giving full insight in its crystal packing and degree of disorder. Powder dissolution measurements revealed a 10-fold aqueous solubility increase that induces a 6.7-fold oral bioavailability improvement compared to ketoconazole. In vitro cell assays showed a good toxicity profile of the cocrystal with lower oxidative stress and inflammation and enhanced antifungal activity against several Candida species. The in vivo study of the cocrystal indicated similar pharmacokinetic profiles and liver toxicity with increased transaminases, as reported for ketoconazole. Notably, besides minor signs of inflammation, no morphological changes in liver parenchyma or signs of fibrosis and necrosis were detected. The enhanced solubility and oral bioavailability of the cocrystal over ketoconazole, together with the improved antifungal activity and good in vitro/in vivo toxicity, indicate its potential use as an alternative antifungal agent to the parent drug. Our results bring evidence of cocrystallization as a successful approach for bioavailability improvement of poorly soluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Martin
- Molecular and Biomolecular Physics Department, National Institute for R&D of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donat, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihaela Pop
- TeraCrystal, 67-103 Donat, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Irina Kacso
- Molecular and Biomolecular Physics Department, National Institute for R&D of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donat, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Georgeta Grosu
- Molecular and Biomolecular Physics Department, National Institute for R&D of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donat, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Maria Miclăuş
- Molecular and Biomolecular Physics Department, National Institute for R&D of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donat, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dan Vodnar
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ildiko Lung
- Physics of Nanostructured Systems, National Institute for R&D of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donat, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Gabriela Adriana Filip
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Clinicilor 1, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Elena Diana Olteanu
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Clinicilor 1, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Remus Moldovan
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Clinicilor 1, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andras Nagy
- Department of Toxicology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Xenia Filip
- Molecular and Biomolecular Physics Department, National Institute for R&D of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donat, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Bâldea
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Clinicilor 1, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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24
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Kheiri F, Kermanshahi RK, Feizabadi MM. The Inhibitory Effects of Lactobacillus Supernatants and Their Metabolites on the Growth and Biofilm Formation of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Infect Disord Drug Targets 2020; 20:902-912. [PMID: 31903886 DOI: 10.2174/1871526520666200106122632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Klebsiella pneumoniae is a common cause of hospital-acquired infections, including urinary tract infection (UTI). Biofilm formation makes the K. pneumoniae infection more complicated and carrying extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) genes, it limits antibiotic choices for treatment. Lactobacillus strains are known as natural protective barriers against UTIs. OBJECTIVES This is a small in-vitro study aimed to determine the effect of probiotic Lactobacillus strains and some types of their metabolites on the growth and biofilm of UTI isolates and reference strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae. METHODS The efficacy of Lactobacillus supernatants and antibiotics in the prevention and elimination of K. pneumoniae biofilms was determined using a quantitative adherence assay. A rapid colorimetric microplate bioassay was applied for the detection of survived bacterial cells after treatment with antibacterial agents. Biofilm phenotypes were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). RESULTS The results showed that seven out of eight ESBL producing uropathogenic K. pneumoniae isolates in this study were able to produce biofilm. Lactobacillus supernatants at 1:1 to 1:16 dilutions, had more than 95% biofilm-inhibitory and biofilm-killing properties on a strong biofilm producer isolate. Supra-MIC levels of antibiotics had a much lower anti-biofilm effect than Lactobacillus supernatant and left considerable alive biofilm cells. CONCLUSIONS Although antibiotic resistance increases in biofilm forms of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Lactobacillus supernatants have strong antibiofilm efficacy even in lower concentrations of MIC. Biofilm formation decreases considerably in the presence of Lactobacillus supernatants. Hydrogen peroxide is an effective product against growth and biofilm formation of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Kheiri
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rouha Kasra Kermanshahi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Feizabadi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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25
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Cristallini C, Danti S, Azimi B, Tempesti V, Ricci C, Ventrelli L, Cinelli P, Barbani N, Lazzeri A. Multifunctional Coatings for Robotic Implanted Device. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20205126. [PMID: 31623142 PMCID: PMC6829358 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was the preparation and physico-chemical, mechanical, biological, and functional characterization of a multifunctional coating for an innovative, fully implantable device. The multifunctional coating was designed to have three fundamental properties: adhesion to device, close mechanical resemblance to human soft tissues, and control of the inflammatory response and tissue repair process. This aim was fulfilled by preparing a multilayered coating based on three components: a hydrophilic primer to allow device adhesion, a poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel layer to provide good mechanical compliance with the human tissue, and a layer of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) fibers. The use of biopolymer fibers offered the potential for a long-term interface able to modulate the release of an anti-inflammatory drug (dexamethasone), thus contrasting acute and chronic inflammation response following device implantation. Two copolymers, poly(vinyl acetate-acrylic acid) and poly(vinyl alcohol-acrylic acid), were synthetized and characterized using thermal analysis (DSC, TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR chemical imaging), in vitro cell viability, and an adhesion test. The resulting hydrogels were biocompatible, biostable, mechanically compatible with soft tissues, and able to incorporate and release the drug. Finally, the multifunctional coating showed a good adhesion to titanium substrate, no in vitro cytotoxicity, and a prolonged and controlled drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Cristallini
- Institute for Chemical and Physical Processes, IPCF ss Pisa, CNR, c/o Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, DICI, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
- INSTM, National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy.
| | - Serena Danti
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, DICI, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
- INSTM, National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy.
| | - Bahareh Azimi
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, DICI, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
- INSTM, National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy.
| | - Veronika Tempesti
- INSTM, National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy.
| | - Claudio Ricci
- INSTM, National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy.
| | - Letizia Ventrelli
- INSTM, National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Cinelli
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, DICI, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
- INSTM, National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy.
| | - Niccoletta Barbani
- Institute for Chemical and Physical Processes, IPCF ss Pisa, CNR, c/o Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, DICI, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
- INSTM, National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy.
| | - Andrea Lazzeri
- Institute for Chemical and Physical Processes, IPCF ss Pisa, CNR, c/o Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, DICI, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
- INSTM, National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy.
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26
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Librelotto CS, Simon D, de Souza AP, Álvares-da-Silva MR, Dihl RR. Chromosomal instability and cytotoxicity induced by ribavirin: comparative analysis in cell lines with different drug-metabolizing profiles. Drug Chem Toxicol 2017; 42:343-348. [PMID: 29199475 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2017.1405970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Ribavirin is an important component of the treatment for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and, in combination with the new direct-acting antiviral (DAA) agents, comprises the major current therapeutic regimens. This study evaluated the cytotoxicity and chromosomal instability induced by ribavirin using the in vitro cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome (CBMN-Cyt) assay in two cell lines with different expression levels of drug-metabolizing enzymes: human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells. HepG2 cells were treated with nine concentrations (from 15.3 μg/ml to 3.9 mg/ml) and CHO-K1 cells were exposed to eight concentrations (from 15.3 μg/ml to 1.9 mg/ml) of ribavirin for 24 h. Ribavirin inhibited cell proliferation in both cell lines, but at different concentrations: 3.9 mg/ml in HepG2 and 244.2 μg/ml in CHO-K1 cells. No significant differences were observed regarding aspects of cell death in HepG2 and CHO-K1 cells, reflecting the absence of cytotoxic effects associated to ribavirin. Ribavirin did not increase the frequency of nucleoplasmic bridges (NPBs) and nuclear bud (NBUD). However, when compared to the negative control, a significant increase in micronuclei (MNi) frequency was observed in both cell lines. However, chromosomal instability was induced by higher concentrations of ribavirin in HepG2 cells (from 61.1 to 976.8 μg/ml), compared with CHO-K1 cells (15.3 and 30.5 μg/ml). These results demonstrate the potential of ribavirin to promote chromosomal instability, and suggest that cells with different expressions of drug-metabolizing enzymes show different susceptibility to ribavirin effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Sperotto Librelotto
- a Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada à Saúde, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA) , Canoas , Brazil
| | - Daniel Simon
- a Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada à Saúde, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA) , Canoas , Brazil
| | - Ana Paula de Souza
- a Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada à Saúde, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA) , Canoas , Brazil
| | - Mário Reis Álvares-da-Silva
- b Serviço de Gastroenterologia, Departamento de Medicina Interna , Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre , Brazil
| | - Rafael Rodrigues Dihl
- a Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada à Saúde, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA) , Canoas , Brazil
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27
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Wang X, Ouyang LD, Dai CM, Ma L, Xiao XH. [ Biological assay in quality control of animal medicines]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2017; 42:2228-2235. [PMID: 28822174 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20170512.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Animal medicine is a unique part of traditional Chinese medicine. They have strong effects, but their effective compounds are not entirely known. The efficiency and safety of animal medicines can't be effectively controlled by current quality assurance system and evaluation method, which has deeply influenced the development of animal medicines. Biological assay does not focus on efficacy of single component, but directly reflects the pharmacodynamics and safety of animal medicines by biological effect. With the development of biotechnology, many new technologies have emerged, such as biochip and high content analysis. Based on the related targets, pathways and key biochemical factors, the field of biological assay has been expanded. With advantages of pharmacology andoverall controllability, as well as the characteristics of in line with the quality control of Chinese Medicine, biological assay will become one of the important development directionsfor quality standardization of animal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Collateral Disease Theory Research,Beijing 100069,China
| | - Luo-Dan Ouyang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Collateral Disease Theory Research,Beijing 100069,China
| | - Chun-Mei Dai
- School of Pharmacy,Jinzhou Medical University,Jinzhou 121001,China
| | - Li Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Collateral Disease Theory Research,Beijing 100069,China
| | - Xiao-He Xiao
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine,Integrative Medical Center,302 Military Hospital,Beijing 100039, China
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28
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Whalen MJ, Hackert V, Rothberg MB, McKiernan JM, Benson MC, Badani KK. Prospective Correlation between Likelihood of Favorable Pathology on the 17-Gene Genomic Prostate Score and Actual Pathological Outcomes at Radical Prostatectomy. Urol Pract 2016; 3:379-386. [PMID: 37592572 DOI: 10.1016/j.urpr.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We evaluate the Genomic Prostate Score in a prospective clinical setting and determine the cutoff point for likelihood of favorable pathology, below which definitive treatment should be advised. METHODS Pathological data were recorded for men who had the Genomic Prostate Score performed and who ultimately underwent radical prostatectomy. Inclusion criteria were newly diagnosed prostate cancer, and NCCN classification as very low, low and low volume intermediate risk. Adverse pathology was defined as any pT3 stage and primary Gleason grade of 4 or any pattern 5. ROC analysis was used to determine the optimal cutoff point of likelihood of favorable pathology for each NCCN risk group. RESULTS A total of 95 patients were enrolled and 50 patients (53%) underwent radical prostatectomy. Adverse pathology was found in 21 patients (42%), grouped as very low risk 0%, low risk 32.4% and low volume intermediate risk 71.4%. Among those with low risk disease, ROC analysis determined that a likelihood of favorable pathology cutoff of 76% or greater performed the best, correctly classifying 91.2% of patients with a sensitivity of 95.7%, specificity of 81.8% and AUC 0.95. For intermediate risk patients the optimal likelihood of favorable pathology cutoff was 68% or greater, with 92.3% correct, sensitivity 75%, specificity 100% and AUC 0.95. CONCLUSIONS NCCN low risk patients had the most meaningful information provided by the Genomic Prostate Score. Men with low risk disease with a likelihood of favorable pathology threshold greater than 75% are at very low risk for adverse pathology, whereas those with a likelihood of favorable pathology of 75% or less are at high risk. This likelihood of favorable pathology threshold is greater than 69% for men with low volume intermediate risk disease. These results should help clinicians use Genomic Prostate Score information when making decisions regarding active surveillance or intervention for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Whalen
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Victoria Hackert
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Michael B Rothberg
- Department of Urology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
| | - James M McKiernan
- Department of Urology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
| | - Mitchell C Benson
- Department of Urology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
| | - Ketan K Badani
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION With the emergence of the 'big data' era, the biomedical research community has great interest in exploiting publicly available chemical information for drug discovery. PubChem is an example of public databases that provide a large amount of chemical information free of charge. AREAS COVERED This article provides an overview of how PubChem's data, tools, and services can be used for virtual screening and reviews recent publications that discuss important aspects of exploiting PubChem for drug discovery. EXPERT OPINION PubChem offers comprehensive chemical information useful for drug discovery. It also provides multiple programmatic access routes, which are essential to build automated virtual screening pipelines that exploit PubChem data. In addition, PubChemRDF allows users to download PubChem data and load them into a local computing facility, facilitating data integration between PubChem and other resources. PubChem resources have been used in many studies for developing bioactivity and toxicity prediction models, discovering polypharmacologic (multi-target) ligands, and identifying new macromolecule targets of compounds (for drug-repurposing or off-target side effect prediction). These studies demonstrate the usefulness of PubChem as a key resource for computer-aided drug discovery and related area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunghwan Kim
- a National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine , National Institutes of Health , Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda , MD , USA
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30
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Albala D, Desai PJ, Kassabian V, Andriole G, Kennedy JC, Canfield S. Integrating the Genomic Prostate Score into Clinical Practice Workflow. Urol Pract 2016; 3:371-378. [PMID: 37592528 DOI: 10.1016/j.urpr.2015.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A dilemma that urologists face is how to determine which patients with prostate cancer need immediate intervention and which patients can be safely placed on active surveillance. Gene expression profile analysis of biopsy tissue has been proposed as a means of providing more accurate risk stratification for low risk prostate cancer. However, there is a general lack of acceptance and standardization around the integration of genomic testing in clinical practice. The Oncotype DX® prostate cancer assay is a commercially available tissue based assay that assesses the expression of key genes across multiple biological pathways predictive of prostate cancer aggressiveness from the diagnostic biopsy specimen, and reports an individual Genomic Prostate Score. METHODS With the recommendations set forth in this article we aim to standardize operational best practices for the integration of the Genomic Prostate Score into clinical practice. Its purpose is to provide practical guidance to help physicians understand, run, interpret and communicate actionable results to patients. RESULTS The Genomic Prostate Score reflects the biology of the underlying tumor to help guide initial treatment decisions at the time of biopsy. This article is based on real-world evidence from the authors' respective experiences at their institutions and practices. The authors were carefully selected based on their depth of experience and knowledge about the Genomic Prostate Score and, as such, it is their expertise that is being leveraged to support the best practices algorithm. CONCLUSIONS This article provides easy to use, clear-cut and practical guidance for physicians on how to use the Genomic Prostate Score to inform decisions regarding active surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Albala
- Associated Medical Professionals of New York, Syracuse, New York
| | | | | | | | | | - Steven Canfield
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
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31
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Alam M, Lee DU. Eco-friendly synthesis, physicochemical studies, biological assay and molecular docking of steroidal oxime-ethers. EXCLI J 2015; 14:394-407. [PMID: 27330525 PMCID: PMC4908662 DOI: 10.17179/excli2014-675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to report the synthesis of biologically active compounds; 7-(2'-aminoethoxyimino)-cholest-5-ene (4), a steroidal oxime-ether and its derivatives (5, 6) via a facile microwave assisted solvent free reaction methodology. This new synthetic, eco-friendly, sustainable protocol resulted in a remarkable improvement in the synthetic efficiency (85-93 % yield) and high purity using basic alumina. The synthesized compounds were screened for their antibacterial against six bacterial strains by disc diffusion method and antioxidant potential by DPPH assay. The binding capabilities of a compound 6 exhibiting good antibacterial potential were assessed on the basis of molecular docking studies and four types of three-dimensional molecular field descriptors. Moreover the structure-antimicrobial activity relationships were studied using some physicochemical and quantum-chemical parameters with GAMESS interface as well as WebMO Job Manager by using the basic level of theory. Hence, this synthetic approach is believed to provide a better scope for the synthesis of steroidal oxime-ether analogues and will be a more practical alternative to the presently existing procedures. Moreover, detailed in silico docking studies suggested the plausible mechanism of steroidal oxime-ethers as effective antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahboob Alam
- Division of Bioscience, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 780-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Ung Lee
- Division of Bioscience, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 780-714, Republic of Korea
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Collie AMB, Nölling J, Divakar KM, Lin JJ, Carver P, Durkin LM, Hill BT, Smith MR, Radivoyevitch T, Kong LI, Daly T, Murugesan G, Guenther-Johnson J, Dave SS, Manilich EA, Hsi ED. Molecular subtype classification of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded diffuse large B-cell lymphoma samples on the ICEPlex® system. Br J Haematol 2014; 167:281-5. [PMID: 24961756 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.12983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angela M B Collie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Robert J Tomsich Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Galibert M, Sancey L, Renaudet O, Coll JL, Dumy P, Boturyn D. Application of click-click chemistry to the synthesis of new multivalent RGD conjugates. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:5133-8. [PMID: 20835451 PMCID: PMC4823385 DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00070a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
New multivalent RGD-containing macromolecules were designed by exploiting two orthogonal chemoselective ligations. They were next applied to a competitive cell adhesion assay and used for the non invasive optical imaging of tumour in small animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Galibert
- DCM, Département de Chimie Moléculaire
Université Joseph FourierCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique301, rue de la Chimie 38041 GRENOBLE CEDEX 9
| | - Lucie Sancey
- Institut d'oncologie/développement Albert Bonniot de Grenoble
Université Joseph FourierINSERMCHU GrenobleEFSInstitut Albert Bonniot, BP170, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9
| | - Olivier Renaudet
- DCM, Département de Chimie Moléculaire
Université Joseph FourierCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique301, rue de la Chimie 38041 GRENOBLE CEDEX 9
| | - Jean-Luc Coll
- INSERM U823, équipe 5 (cibles diagnostiques ou thérapeutiques et vectorisation de drogues dans le cancer du poumon)
Université Joseph FourierINSERMCHU GrenobleEFS
| | - Pascal Dumy
- DCM, Département de Chimie Moléculaire
Université Joseph FourierCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique301, rue de la Chimie 38041 GRENOBLE CEDEX 9
| | - Didier Boturyn
- DCM, Département de Chimie Moléculaire
Université Joseph FourierCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique301, rue de la Chimie 38041 GRENOBLE CEDEX 9
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Abstract
Most information on the prevalence of drug use comes from self-report surveys. The sensitivity of such information is cause for concern about the accuracy of self-report measures. In this study, self-reported drug use in the last 48 hr is compared to results from biological assays of saliva samples from 371 young adults entering clubs. The relationship between self-reports and drug presence in oral fluid was determined for three substances as follows: cocaine, marijuana, and amphetamine. Forty-one percent of the participants with drugs detected in their oral fluids reported no use in the last 48 hr. The significance of these results is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark B Johnson
- Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, 11720 Beltsville Drive, Calverton, MD 20705-3111, USA.
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Detheux M, Ständker L, Vakili J, Münch J, Forssmann U, Adermann K, Pöhlmann S, Vassart G, Kirchhoff F, Parmentier M, Forssmann WG. Natural proteolytic processing of hemofiltrate CC chemokine 1 generates a potent CC chemokine receptor (CCR)1 and CCR5 agonist with anti-HIV properties. J Exp Med 2000; 192:1501-8. [PMID: 11085751 PMCID: PMC2193185 DOI: 10.1084/jem.192.10.1501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemofiltrate CC chemokine (HCC)-1 is a recently described human chemokine that is constitutively expressed in numerous tissues and is present at high concentrations in normal plasma. Using a cell line expressing CC chemokine receptor (CCR)5 as a bioassay, we isolated from human hemofiltrate an HCC-1 variant lacking the first eight amino acids. HCC-1[9-74] was a potent agonist of CCR1, CCR3, and CCR5 and promoted calcium flux and chemotaxis of T lymphoblasts, monocytes, and eosinophils. It also blocked entry of HIV-1 strains using CCR5 as coreceptor. Limited tryptic digestion of HCC-1 generated the active variant. Conditioned media from several tumor cell lines activated HCC-1 with a high efficiency, and this activity could be inhibited by serine protease inhibitors. Our results indicate that HCC-1 represents a nonfunctional precursor that can be rapidly converted to the active chemokine by proteolytic processing. This process represents an additional mechanism by which tumor cells might generate chemoattractant molecules and recruit inflammatory cells. It might also affect HIV-1 replication in infected individuals and play an important role in AIDS pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Detheux
- Euroscreen S.A., B-1070 Brussels, Belgium
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