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Burnouf T, Chou ML, Lundy DJ, Chuang EY, Tseng CL, Goubran H. Expanding applications of allogeneic platelets, platelet lysates, and platelet extracellular vesicles in cell therapy, regenerative medicine, and targeted drug delivery. J Biomed Sci 2023; 30:79. [PMID: 37704991 PMCID: PMC10500824 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-023-00972-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets are small anucleated blood cells primarily known for their vital hemostatic role. Allogeneic platelet concentrates (PCs) collected from healthy donors are an essential cellular product transfused by hospitals to control or prevent bleeding in patients affected by thrombocytopenia or platelet dysfunctions. Platelets fulfill additional essential functions in innate and adaptive immunity and inflammation, as well as in wound-healing and tissue-repair mechanisms. Platelets contain mitochondria, lysosomes, dense granules, and alpha-granules, which collectively are a remarkable reservoir of multiple trophic factors, enzymes, and signaling molecules. In addition, platelets are prone to release in the blood circulation a unique set of extracellular vesicles (p-EVs), which carry a rich biomolecular cargo influential in cell-cell communications. The exceptional functional roles played by platelets and p-EVs explain the recent interest in exploring the use of allogeneic PCs as source material to develop new biotherapies that could address needs in cell therapy, regenerative medicine, and targeted drug delivery. Pooled human platelet lysates (HPLs) can be produced from allogeneic PCs that have reached their expiration date and are no longer suitable for transfusion but remain valuable source materials for other applications. These HPLs can substitute for fetal bovine serum as a clinical grade xeno-free supplement of growth media used in the in vitro expansion of human cells for transplantation purposes. The use of expired allogeneic platelet concentrates has opened the way for small-pool or large-pool allogeneic HPLs and HPL-derived p-EVs as biotherapy for ocular surface disorders, wound care and, potentially, neurodegenerative diseases, osteoarthritis, and others. Additionally, allogeneic platelets are now seen as a readily available source of cells and EVs that can be exploited for targeted drug delivery vehicles. This article aims to offer an in-depth update on emerging translational applications of allogeneic platelet biotherapies while also highlighting their advantages and limitations as a clinical modality in regenerative medicine and cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Burnouf
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Xing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- International Ph.D. Program in Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Li Chou
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Xing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - David J Lundy
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Xing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Er-Yuan Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Xing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Li Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Xing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hadi Goubran
- Saskatoon Cancer Centre and College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Canada
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2
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Mackman N, Sachetto ATA, Hisada Y. Measurement of tissue factor-positive extracellular vesicles in plasma: strengths and weaknesses of current methods. Curr Opin Hematol 2022; 29:266-274. [PMID: 35852819 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review evaluates the different methods used to measure levels of tissue factor (TF) in plasma and on extracellular vesicles (EVs). Levels of TF-positive (TF+) EVs in blood are increased in a variety of diseases, such as cancer, sepsis, and viral infection, and are associated with thrombosis. Highly sensitive assays are required to measure the low levels of TF+ EVs in blood. RECENT FINDINGS TF antigen levels in plasma have been measured using standard ELISAs, SimpleStep ELISA technology, and solid-phase proximity ligation assay. Some studies reported the detection of TF+ EVs in plasma by flow cytometry. In addition, TF+ EVs can be captured onto beads and chips using anti-TF antibodies. Several assays have been developed to measure TF activity in EVs isolated from plasma. Importantly, activity-based assays are more sensitive than antigen-based assays as a single TF/FVIIa complex can generate large amounts of FXa. SUMMARY We recommend isolating EVs from plasma and measuring TF activity using a functional assay in the presence and absence of an anti-TF antibody. We do not recommend using antigen-based assays as these are not sensitive enough to detect the low levels of TF in plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigel Mackman
- UNC Blood Research Center, Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
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3
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Beleva EA, Deneva TI, Stoencheva SS, Grudeva-Popova ZG. Longitudinal Dynamics of Coagulation and Angiogenesis Markers in Cancer Patients During and After Chemotherapy. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2021; 27:10760296211056637. [PMID: 34918975 PMCID: PMC8728769 DOI: 10.1177/10760296211056637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemostatic parameters have been investigated as molecular determinants of tumor
progression. To analyze the dynamics of microparticle-associated tissue factor
activity (MPTF), tissue factor antigen (TF-Ag), and angiopоietin-2 (ANG-2) in
cancer patients before, during, and after active treatment and to explore their
potential as biomarkers for metastatic occurrence and death. Blood for the
analysis of MPTF, TF-Ag, ANG-2, and conventional hemostatic tests was sampled in
111 patients with various cancers at 4 consecutive visits: before first
chemotherapy cycle, after 3 courses, at the sixth course, and 3 months after
chemotherapy cessation. Patients were followed up until metastatic
progression/death or the end of the study. MPTF did not change during
chemotherapy, but increased significantly after treatment cessation. Total TF-Ag
and ANG-2 decreased throughout active treatment. Significant drop of their
levels was observed 3 months post therapy cessation. Progressive disease was
significantly associated with higher pre-chemotherapy TF-Ag and fibrinogen.
Elevated baseline levels of fibrinogen were associated with increased risk of
shortened progression free survival. Cessation of chemotherapy is associated
with significant change of hemostatic parameters. Pre-chemotherapy levels of
TF-Ag and fibrinogen may be informative of disease state and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina A Beleva
- 118870Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.,564825University Multiprofile Hospital for Active Treatment "Sveti Georgi" EAD-Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Tanya I Deneva
- 118870Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.,564825University Multiprofile Hospital for Active Treatment "Sveti Georgi" EAD-Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Snezhana S Stoencheva
- 118870Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.,564825University Multiprofile Hospital for Active Treatment "Sveti Georgi" EAD-Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Zhanet G Grudeva-Popova
- 118870Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.,564825University Multiprofile Hospital for Active Treatment "Sveti Georgi" EAD-Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Amiral J. Extra cellular vesicles in blood circulation as biomarkers and messengers of patho-hysiological activity and alterations. Transfus Apher Sci 2021; 60:103209. [PMID: 34244081 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2021.103209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
There is an increasing interest in Extracellular Vesicles released by many cells through membrane shedding. In addition to cell signaling, these particles are true messenger cargos, which can carry cell surface proteins, miRNAs and non-coding RNAs to other and distant cells. They are part of the inter-cellular crosstalk and they contribute to transferring biological messages far away from the triggering event. EVs are biomarkers of many diseases, including thrombo-embolic pathology, infections, neurological or metabolic disorders, and malignancy. Their role and significance are presented and discussed in this short review, as consequences of disease and causes of its progression. But they can also be beneficial for tissue healing or repair, and they can be prepared in vitro to be used for cell- targeted treatments. Many identification and measurement methods for EV's are sophisticated, which restricts their use to research studies, but they have, nevertheless, a high laboratory potential for diagnosis, prognosis and evolution as follow-up of many pathologies. New emerging laboratory tools offer more friendly and easy applications for characterizing EVs and testing their associated activity, especially for the procoagulant ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Amiral
- SH/Scientific-Hemostasis, Scientific Director and Consultant in Hemostasis and Thrombosis Diagnostics, Franconville, France.
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Meng S, Kang K, Fei D, Yang S, Gu Q, Pan S, Zhao M. Preliminary study of microparticle coagulation properties in septic patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:3000605211014094. [PMID: 34034547 PMCID: PMC8161883 DOI: 10.1177/03000605211014094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sepsis typically results in enhanced coagulation system activation and microthrombus formation. Microparticle (MP) production promotes coagulation and enhances pro-coagulation. This study investigated how circulating MP levels and tissue factor-bearing MP (TF+-MP) activity caused coagulation in patients with septic disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Methods Thirty patients with septic DIC and 30 healthy controls were studied from December 2017 to March 2019. Patient blood samples were collected at enrolment (day 1) and on days 3 and 5; DIC scores and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores were recorded. TF+-MP activity was measured using TF-dependent factor Xa generation experiments. Circulating MP concentrations were determined by MP capture assay. Clotting factor activity, antithrombin level, soluble thrombomodulin, and serum tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) concentrations were measured. Results Patients with septic DIC had lower circulating MP levels than healthy control patients. Circulating MP levels in patients with septic DIC were positively correlated with DIC scores and negatively correlated with coagulation factors, but TF+-MP activity did not correlate with clotting factor levels and TFPI. Conclusions In patients with septic DIC, circulating MP levels are important in promoting coagulation activation and increasing clotting factor consumption. TF+-MP activity may not be the main form of active TF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shishuai Meng
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Kai Kang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Dongsheng Fei
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Songlin Yang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Quankuan Gu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - ShangHa Pan
- The Key Hepatosplenic Surgery Laboratory, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Mingyan Zhao
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
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6
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Delila L, Wu YW, Nebie O, Widyaningrum R, Chou ML, Devos D, Burnouf T. Extensive characterization of the composition and functional activities of five preparations of human platelet lysates for dedicated clinical uses. Platelets 2020; 32:259-272. [PMID: 33245683 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2020.1849603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Human platelet lysates (HPLs), rich in various growth factors and cell growth-promoting molecules, encompass a new range of blood products that are being used for regenerative medicine, cell therapies, and tissue engineering. Well-characterized dedicated preparations, tailor-made to best fit specific therapeutic applications, are needed for optimal clinical efficacy and safety. Here, five types of HPL were prepared from the same platelet concentrates and extensively characterized to determine and compare their proteins, growth factors, cytokines, biochemical profiles, thrombin-generating capacities, thrombin-associated proteolytic activities, phospholipid-associated procoagulant potential, contents of extracellular vesicles expressing phosphatidylserine and tissue factor, and antioxidative properties. Our results revealed that all five HPL preparations contained detectable supraphysiological levels, in the ca. 0.1 ~ 350-ng/ml range, of all growth factors assessed, except insulin-like growth factor-1 detected only in HPL containing plasma. There were significant differences observed among these HPLs in total protein content, fibrinogen, complement components C3 and C4, albumin, and immunoglobulin G, and, most importantly, in their functional coagulant and procoagulant activities and antioxidative capacities. Our data revealed that the biochemical and functional properties of HPL preparations greatly vary depending upon their mode of production, with potential impacts on the safety and efficacy for certain clinical indications. Modes of preparation of HPLs should be carefully designed, and the product properties carefully evaluated based on the intended therapeutic use to ensure optimal clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liling Delila
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wen Wu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ouada Nebie
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Rifa Widyaningrum
- International PhD Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Li Chou
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - David Devos
- Univ. Lille, CHU-Lille, Inserm, U1172, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, France
| | - Thierry Burnouf
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Research Center of Biomedical Devices, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,International PhD Program in Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,PhD Program in Graduate Institute of Mind Brain and Consciousness, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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7
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Noulsri E. Quantitation of Cell-Derived Microparticles in Blood Products and Its Potential Applications in Transfusion Laboratories. Lab Med 2020; 51:452-459. [DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmz100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Cell-derived microparticles (MPs) are small fragments released from various cells when they are activated or undergo apoptosis. In the field of transfusion medicine, a number of studies have documented increased levels of MPs in blood products, which have been associated with multiple factors, including donor variability, blood component processing, and storage. In addition, transfusions that contain high levels of MPs are linked to posttransfusion complications. Considering the clinical importance of MP levels, transfusion laboratories should routinely screen blood products for them. However, this practice is not yet applied routinely, perhaps in part because of a lack of understanding of how to apply MP data to transfusion medicine. We describe the methods used to quantitate MPs in blood components and discuss the application of these quantitative data in routine transfusion laboratories in order to manage quality, improve the outcomes of transfusions, and minimize their complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egarit Noulsri
- Research Division, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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8
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Amiral J. Measurement of blood activation markers applied to the early diagnosis of cardiovascular alterations. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2019; 20:85-98. [DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2020.1704258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Amiral
- Scientific-Hemostasis-Consulting, Scientific Director and Consultant in Thrombosis-Hemostasis, Andrésy, France
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9
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Dickhout A, Koenen RR. Extracellular Vesicles as Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Disease; Chances and Risks. Front Cardiovasc Med 2018; 5:113. [PMID: 30186839 PMCID: PMC6113364 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2018.00113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The field of extracellular vesicles (EV) is rapidly expanding, also within cardiovascular diseases. Besides their exciting roles in cell-to-cell communication, EV have the potential to serve as excellent biomarkers, since their counts, content, and origin might provide useful information about the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disorders. Various studies have already indicated associations of EV counts and content with cardiovascular diseases. However, EV research is complicated by several factors, most notably the small size of EV. In this review, the advantages and drawbacks of EV-related methods and applications as biomarkers are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemiek Dickhout
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Rory R Koenen
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
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10
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Ball S, Nugent K. Microparticles in Hematological Malignancies: Role in Coagulopathy and Tumor Pathogenesis. Am J Med Sci 2017; 355:207-214. [PMID: 29549921 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2017.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Microparticles (MP) are submicron vesicles released from various cells in response to activation, injury or apoptosis. They contain different structural and functional proteins and RNAs, which contribute to physiological intercellular "crosstalk" and to the pathogenesis of various diseases including cancer. In hematological malignancies, these MPs participate in the initiation and propagation of thrombosis through different pathways. They have a role in the angiogenesis, malignant cell survival and metastasis. MPs act as a mediator of resistance of leukemic cells to chemotherapy. The number of MPs is one of the prognostic factors following stem cell transplant, and studies have also found they contribute to the pathogenesis of graft versus host disease. MPs are being tested as therapeutic options in leukemias and graft versus host disease. Future studies should help us understand the interactions between MPs and cancer cells better, thereby opening new approaches for treatment of hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somedeb Ball
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas.
| | - Kenneth Nugent
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas
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11
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Laroche M, Dunois C, Vissac AM, Amiral J. Update on functional and genetic laboratory assays for the detection of platelet microvesicles. Platelets 2017; 28:235-241. [PMID: 28102740 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2016.1265925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Functional and genetic assays for measuring platelet microvesicles (PMVs) are presented and discussed. Functional assays concern two groups of methods: a) homogeneous assays using the cofactor activity of phospholipids (PPLs) contained in PMVs and present in assayed plasmas, and a coagulation or a thrombin generation assay (TGA) as "end points"; b) capture-based assays, in which PMVs bind to an immobilized ligand, such as Annexin V in the presence of calcium, or monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) specific for membrane proteins. Genetic assays aim to detect micro-RNA (miRNA) present in PMVs: miRNA must be extracted from plasma, and the expression pattern can be determined by various methods such as quantitative real-time PCR, microarray or sequencing. All these technical approaches introduce new exploration tools for measuring or quantitating PMVs or their associated activities, as biomarkers for disease evolution, their diagnosis or prognosis, and for monitoring of some antithrombotic or anti-inflammatory therapies. They offer invaluable analytical tools for research, drug discovery and epidemiological studies and have a strong potential as diagnostic tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Laroche
- a R&D Department , HYPHEN BioMed , Neuville sur Oise , France
| | - Claire Dunois
- a R&D Department , HYPHEN BioMed , Neuville sur Oise , France
| | | | - Jean Amiral
- b Scientific Consultant for HYPHEN BioMed , Neuville sur Oise , France
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12
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Cherré S, Fernandes E, Germano J, Dias T, Cardoso S, Piedade MS, Rozlosnik N, Oliveira MI, Freitas PP. Rapid and specific detection of cell-derived microvesicles using a magnetoresistive biochip. Analyst 2017; 142:979-986. [DOI: 10.1039/c6an02651f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Specific and sensitive detection of endothelial MVs within physiologically relevant concentrations using a magnetoresistive biochip platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solène Cherré
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology
- Technical University of Denmark
- 2800 Kgs. Lyngby
- Denmark
| | | | - José Germano
- INESC Microsystems and Nanotechnologies and Instituto de Nanociencias e Nanotecnologias
- 1000-029 Lisbon
- Portugal
| | - Tomás Dias
- INESC Microsystems and Nanotechnologies and Instituto de Nanociencias e Nanotecnologias
- 1000-029 Lisbon
- Portugal
- Instituto Superior Tecnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
| | - Susana Cardoso
- INESC Microsystems and Nanotechnologies and Instituto de Nanociencias e Nanotecnologias
- 1000-029 Lisbon
- Portugal
- Instituto Superior Tecnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
| | - Moisés S. Piedade
- INESC Microsystems and Nanotechnologies and Instituto de Nanociencias e Nanotecnologias
- 1000-029 Lisbon
- Portugal
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores-Investigaçao e Desenvolvimento (INESC ID)
- Lisbon
| | - Noemi Rozlosnik
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology
- Technical University of Denmark
- 2800 Kgs. Lyngby
- Denmark
| | - Marta I. Oliveira
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory
- 4715-330, Braga
- Portugal
| | - Paulo P. Freitas
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory
- 4715-330, Braga
- Portugal
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Antonelou MH, Seghatchian J. Update on extracellular vesicles inside red blood cell storage units: Adjust the sails closer to the new wind. Transfus Apher Sci 2016; 55:92-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2016.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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14
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Amiral J, Seghatchian J. Measurement of extracellular vesicles as biomarkers of consequences or cause complications of pathological states, and prognosis of both evolution and therapeutic safety/efficacy. Transfus Apher Sci 2016; 55:23-34. [PMID: 27475803 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2016.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Utility of EVs, as biomarkers of cause or consequence of various pathological complications, and prognosis of blood components' therapy in terms of safety/efficacy and their potential associated hazards, primed by EVs involvements in pro-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and activations of both pro/anti-coagulatory and others associated pathways, as well as various cellular cross talks, are highlighted as the fundamental. Today EVs are becoming the "buzz" words of the current diagnosis, development and research [DDR] strategies, with the aim of ensuring safer therapeutic approaches in the current clinical practices, also incorporating their potential in long term cost effectiveness in health care systems. The main focus of this manuscript is to review the current opinions in some fundamental areas of EVs involvements in health and diseases. Firstly, our goal is highlighting what are EVs/MVs/MPs and how are they generated in physiology, pathology or blood products; classification and significance of EVs generated in vivo; followed by consequences and physiological/pathological induced effects of EVs generation in vivo. Secondly, specific cell origin EVs and association with malignancy; focus on EVs carrying TF and annexin V as a protective protein for harmful effects of EVs, and associations with LA; and incidence of anti-annexin V antibodies are also discussed. Thirdly, utility of EVs is presented: as diagnostic tools of disease markers; prognosis and follow-up of clinical states; evaluation of therapy efficacy; quality and risk assessment of blood products; followed by the laboratory tools for exploring, characterizing and measuring EVs, and/or their associated activity, using our own experiences of capture based assays. Finally, in perspective, the upcoming low volume sampling, fast, reliable and reproducibility and friendly use laboratory tools and the standardization of measurement methods are highlighted with the beneficial effects that we are witnessing in both wound healing and tissue remodeling, with an expected blockbuster status EVs as future therapeutic directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Amiral
- Hyphen BioMed, Neuville sur Oise, Paris, France.
| | - Jerard Seghatchian
- International Consultancy in Blood Components Quality/Safety Improvement, Audit/Inspection and DDR Strategies, London, UK
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15
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Seghatchian J, Amiral J. Unresolved clinical aspects and safety hazards of blood derived- EV/MV in stored blood components: From personal memory lanes to newer perspectives on the roles of EV/MV in various biological phenomena. Transfus Apher Sci 2016; 55:10-22. [PMID: 27522103 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Blood cells generate heterogeneous populations of vesicles that are delivered, as small-specialized packages of highly active cell fragments in blood circulation, having almost similar functional activities, as the mother cells. These so called extracellular vesicles are the essential part of an energy-dependent natural apoptotic process; hence their beneficial and harmful biological functions cannot be ignored. Evidence is accumulating, that cellular derived vesicles, originate from all viable cells including: megakaryocytes, platelets, red blood cells, white blood cells and endothelial cells, the highest in proportions from platelets. Shedding can also be triggered by pathological activation of inflammatory processes and activation of coagulation or complement pathways, or even by shear stress in the circulation. Structurally, so called MV/EV appear to be, sometimes inside-out and sometimes outside-in cell fragments having a bilayered phospholipid structure exposing coagulant-active phosphatidylserine, expressing various membrane receptors, and they serve as cell-to-cell shuttles for bioactive molecules such as lipids, growth factors, microRNAs, and mitochondria. Ex vivo processing of blood into its components, embodying centrifugation, processing by various apheresis procedures, leukoreduction, pathogen reduction, and finally storage in different media and different types of blood bags, also have major impacts on the generation and retention of MV content. These artificially generated small, but highly liable packages, together with the original pool of MVs collected from the donor, do exhibit differing biological activities, and are not inert elements and should be considered as a parameter of blood safety in haemovigilance programmes. Harmonization and consensus in sampling protocols, sample handling, processing, and assessment methods, in particular converting to full automation, are needed to achieve consensual interpretations. This review focuses on some of our past personal studies on the role of MV/EV focusing on characterization of platelet storage lesion and platelet therapy that shows the highest transfusion hazards [up to 25%], and loss of 25% platelet efficacy after various leukoreduction and validated platelet pathogen reduction treatments. The planned paths for the future of EV/MV involvement in immunological and viral/ non-viral transfusion hazards are also discussed. Whilst considerable advances made on the characterization of EV/MV, but disparity still exists between various surrogate markers, showing some subtle differences in the levels of MV/ EV & BRMs in platelet preparations, and the clinical outcome showing platelets derived by all current technologies are equivalents in vivo. One possible reason for such a disparity may be relatedto the fact that MVs, being the end products of apoptotic cells, have little specificity and clear rapidly from circulation [<6 h in thrombocytopoenia]. This makes their clinical usefulness rather short lived. The recent findings that pegylating smaller subsets of EV increases its circulatory life from <15 minutes to approximately about one hour is highly promising, in particular, for drug delivery on specific sides. Hence a promising clinical utility of EV/MV continues, as a journey without end, indeed. This manuscript is based mainly on the selected key readings listed below.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerard Seghatchian
- International Consultancy in Blood Components Quality/Safety Improvement, Audit/Inspection and DDR Strategies, London, UK.
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Ivak P, Pitha J, Netuka I. Circulating microparticles as a predictor of vascular properties in patients on mechanical circulatory support; hype or hope? Physiol Res 2016; 65:727-735. [PMID: 27429109 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Microparticles are small circulating vesicles originating from circulatory system and vascular wall cells released during their activation or damage. They possess different roles in regulation of endothelial function, inflammation, thrombosis, angiogenesis, and in general, cellular stress. Microparticles are the subject of intensive research in pulmonary hypertension, atherosclerotic disease, and heart failure. Another recently emerging role is the evaluation of the status of vasculature in end-stage heart failure patients treated with implantable ventricular assist devices. In patients implanted as destination therapy, assessment of the long-term effect of currently used continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) on vasculature might be of critical importance. However, unique continuous flow pattern generated by LVADs makes it difficult to assess reliably the vascular function with most currently used methods, based mainly on ultrasound detection of changes of arterial dilatation during pulsatile flow. In this respect, the measurement of circulating microparticles as a marker of vascular status may help to elucidate both short- and long-term effects of LVADs on the vascular system. Because data regarding this topic are very limited, this review is focused on the advantages and caveats of the circulating microparticles as markers of vascular function in patients on continuous-flow LVADs.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ivak
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Ivak P, Pitha J, Wohlfahrt P, Kralova Lesna I, Stavek P, Melenovsky V, Dorazilova Z, Hegarova M, Stepankova J, Maly J, Sekerkova A, Turcani D, Netuka I. Biphasic response in number of stem cells and endothelial progenitor cells after left ventricular assist device implantation: A 6month follow-up. Int J Cardiol 2016; 218:98-103. [PMID: 27232919 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.05.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Continuous blood flow could have deleterious effects on endothelium and vascular health. This could have serious consequences in patients with heart failure treated with continuous flow left ventricular assist devices (LVAD). Therefore, we studied effect of LVAD on three circulating vascular biomarkers: stem cells (SC), endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) and microparticles (MP). METHODS In 23 patients (5 women) with end-stage heart failure, SC, EPC and MP were measured before, and 3 and 6months after implantation of LVAD (HeartMate II). SC were defined using determination of surface antigen expression as mononuclear CD34+/CD45low+ cells and EPC as mononuclear CD34+/CD45low+/KDR+ cells. MP concentrations were determined by ELISA method. RESULTS Three months after LVAD implantation numbers of SC and EPC significantly decreased (p=0.01 and p=0.001, respectively). On the contrary, between 3rd and 6th month after implantation they significantly increased (p=0.006 and p=0.003, respectively).MP did not change significantly during the study despite exerting similar trend as SC and EPC. CONCLUSIONS Observed biphasic changes of SC and EPC might reflect two processes. First, shortly after LVAD implantation, improved tissue perfusion could lead to decrease in ischemic stimuli and ensuing decrease of SC and EPC. Second, continuous flow between 3rd and 6th month produced by LVAD could lead to increase of SC and EPC through activation of endothelium. This explanation could be supported also by similar trend in the changes of concentrations of MP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Ivak
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic; Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Pitha
- Laboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Internal Medicine, 2(nd) Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Peter Wohlfahrt
- Laboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic; International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Kralova Lesna
- Laboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Stavek
- Laboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Melenovsky
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zora Dorazilova
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Hegarova
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Stepankova
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Maly
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Sekerkova
- Department of Clinical and Transplant Immunology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dominika Turcani
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Netuka
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic; Second Department of Surgery, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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Burnouf T, Chou ML, Goubran H, Cognasse F, Garraud O, Seghatchian J. An overview of the role of microparticles/microvesicles in blood components: Are they clinically beneficial or harmful? Transfus Apher Sci 2015; 53:137-45. [PMID: 26596959 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2015.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Blood cells and tissues generate heterogeneous populations of cell-derived vesicles, ranging from approximately 50 nm to 1 µm in diameter. Under normal physiological conditions and as an essential part of an energy-dependent natural process, microparticles (MPs) are continuously shed into the circulation from membranes of all viable cells such as megakaryocytes, platelets, red blood cells, white blood cells and endothelial cells. MP shedding can also be triggered by pathological activation of inflammatory processes and activation of coagulation or complement systems, or even by shear stress in the circulation. Structurally, MPs have a bilayered phospholipid structure exposing coagulant-active phosphatidylserine and expressing various membrane receptors, and they serve as cell-to-cell shuttles for bioactive molecules such as lipids, growth factors, microRNAs, and mitochondria. It was established that ex vivo processing of blood into its components, involving centrifugation, processing by various apheresis procedures, leucoreduction, pathogen reduction, and finally storage in different media and different types of blood bags, can impact MP generation and content. This is mostly due to exposure of the collected blood to anticoagulant/storage media and due to shear stresses or activation, contact with artificial surfaces, or exposure to various leucocyte-removal filters and pathogen-reduction treatments. Such artificially generated MPs, which are added to the original pool of MPs collected from the donor, may exhibit specific functional characteristics, as MPs are not an inert element of blood components. Not surprisingly, MPs' roles and functionality are therefore increasingly seen to be fully relevant to the field of transfusion medicine, and as a parameter of blood safety that must be considered in haemovigilance programmes. Continual advancements in assessment methods of MPs and storage lesions are gradually leading to a better understanding of the impacts of blood collection on MP generation, while clinical research should clarify links of MPs with transfusion reactions and certain clinical disorders. Harmonization and consensus in sampling protocols, sample handling and processing, and assessment methods are needed to achieve consensual interpretations. This review focuses on the role of MPs as an essential laboratory tool and as a most effective player in transfusion science and medicine and in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Burnouf
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Li Chou
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hadi Goubran
- Saskatoon Cancer Centre, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Fabrice Cognasse
- Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Loire, Saint-Etienne, France; GIMAP-EA3064, Université de Lyon, Saint Etienne, France
| | - Olivier Garraud
- Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Loire, Saint-Etienne, France; Institut National de Transfusion Sanguine (INTS), Paris, France
| | - Jerard Seghatchian
- International Consultancy in Blood Components Quality/Safety, Audit/Inspection and DDR Strategy, London, UK.
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Platelet microparticles in cryopreserved platelets: Potential mediators of haemostasis. Transfus Apher Sci 2015; 53:146-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2015.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Blood cell-derived microvesicles with potential pathogenic roles in therapeutic blood components and specialized diagnostic tools in diseases. Transfus Apher Sci 2015; 53:108-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2015.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Poncelet P, Robert S, Bailly N, Garnache-Ottou F, Bouriche T, Devalet B, Segatchian JH, Saas P, Mullier F. Tips and tricks for flow cytometry-based analysis and counting of microparticles. Transfus Apher Sci 2015; 53:110-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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