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Gaviria A, Tamayo-Trujillo R, Paz-Cruz E, Cadena-Ullauri S, Guevara-Ramírez P, Ruiz-Pozo VA, Cevallos F, Aguirre-Tello V, Risueño K, Yánez MP, Cabrera-Andrade A, Zambrano AK. Assessment of the COVID-19 pandemic progression in Ecuador through seroprevalence analysis of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM antibodies in blood donors. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1373450. [PMID: 38975325 PMCID: PMC11224293 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1373450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a severe respiratory illness caused by the RNA virus SARS-CoV-2. Globally, there have been over 759.4 million cases and 6.74 million deaths, while Ecuador has reported more than 1.06 million cases and 35.9 thousand deaths. To describe the COVID-19 pandemic impact and the vaccinations effectiveness in a low-income country like Ecuador, we aim to assess the seroprevalence of IgG and IgM antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in a sample from healthy blood donors at the Cruz Roja Ecuatoriana. Methods The present seroprevalence study used a lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) to detect anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM antibodies in months with the highest confirmed case rates (May 2020; January, April 2021; January, February, June, July 2022) and months with the highest vaccination rates (May, June, July, August, December 2021) in Quito, Ecuador. The IgG and IgM seroprevalence were also assessed based on sex, age range, blood type and RhD antigen type. The sample size was 8,159, and sampling was performed based on the availability of each blood type. Results The results showed an overall IgG and IgM seroprevalence of 47.76% and 3.44%, respectively. There were no differences in IgG and IgM seroprevalences between blood groups and sex, whereas statistical differences were found based on months, age range groups, and RhD antigen type. For instance, the highest IgG seroprevalence was observed in February 2022 and within the 17-26 years age range group, while the highest IgM seroprevalence was in April 2021 and within the 47-56 years age range group. Lastly, only IgG seroprevalence was higher in RhD+ individuals while IgM seroprevalence was similar across RhD types. Discussion This project contributes to limited data on IgG and IgM antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in Ecuador. It suggests that herd immunity may have been achieved in the last evaluated months, and highlights a potential link between the RhD antigen type and COVID-19 susceptibility. These findings have implications for public health strategies and vaccine distribution not only in Ecuador but also in regions with similar characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aníbal Gaviria
- Laboratorio de Genética, Centros Médicos Especializados Cruz Roja Ecuatoriana, Quito, Ecuador
- Hemocentro Nacional, Cruz Roja Ecuatoriana, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Rafael Tamayo-Trujillo
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Elius Paz-Cruz
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Santiago Cadena-Ullauri
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Patricia Guevara-Ramírez
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Viviana A. Ruiz-Pozo
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Francisco Cevallos
- Laboratorio de Genética, Centros Médicos Especializados Cruz Roja Ecuatoriana, Quito, Ecuador
- Hemocentro Nacional, Cruz Roja Ecuatoriana, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | - Karla Risueño
- Laboratorio de Genética, Centros Médicos Especializados Cruz Roja Ecuatoriana, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Martha Paulina Yánez
- Laboratorio de Genética, Centros Médicos Especializados Cruz Roja Ecuatoriana, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Alejandro Cabrera-Andrade
- Grupo de Bio-Quimioinformática, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
- Escuela de Enfermería, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Ana Karina Zambrano
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
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Pothipillai A, Hamsavardhini S, Duraisamy D, Thiyagarajan L, Kaliyaperumal C, Rao JGVM. Seroprevalence of COVID-19 among voluntary blood donors. Asian J Transfus Sci 2024; 18:97-101. [PMID: 39036700 PMCID: PMC11259330 DOI: 10.4103/ajts.ajts_91_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT COVID-19 usually presents with mild symptoms. No cases of transfusion - transmission of COVID-19 had been reported. Assessing the prevalence of viral infections among blood donors is essential to frame blood safety strategies. AIM The main aim of this study is to assess the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among healthy and asymptomatic voluntary blood donors by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). SETTING AND DESIGN This cross-sectional study was conducted among voluntary blood donors using a consecutive sampling technique in the Department of Transfusion Medicine, the Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University, Guindy, Chennai, for 18 months. METHODS Adhering to COVID-19 pandemic guidelines and donor eligibility criteria, blood samples collected from 500 asymptomatic unvaccinated voluntary blood donors were tested for SARS-CoV-2 (IgG + IgM + IgA and IgG) antibodies by ELISA. Adding IgA to a conventional IgM and IgG serological test improves sensitivity. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED The collected donor data were analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics software. Pearson's Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used. P = 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS IgG seropositivity among the donors was 58.8%, and IgM + IgA seropositivity was 29.6%. There was no statistically significant difference in the COVID-19 IgG/IgM + IgA seropositivity status with age, gender, blood group, occupation, or socioeconomic status. The IgG and IgM/IgA/IgG ELISA kits showed a difference of 13 cases which could be attributed to the higher sensitivity of IgG alone ELISA kit. This increased the seroprevalence by 3%. CONCLUSION The majority of donors were either IgG or IgM and IgA positive, despite remaining asymptomatic. The seropositivity rate coincided with the COVID-19 surge among population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arumugam Pothipillai
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, The Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Swathandran Hamsavardhini
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, The Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Deepa Duraisamy
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, The Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lincy Thiyagarajan
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, The Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Nourmohammadi H, Dehkordi AH, Adibi A, Amin Hashemipour SM, Abdan M, Fakhri M, Abdan Z, Sarokhani D. Seroprevalence of COVID-19 in Blood Donors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Adv Virol 2022; 2022:9342680. [PMID: 35910542 PMCID: PMC9334089 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9342680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Determining the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in blood donors makes the control of virus circulation possible in healthy people and helps implement strategies to reduce virus transmission. The purpose of the study was to examine the seroprevalence of COVID-19 in blood donors using systematic review and meta-analysis. Materials and Methods The electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Google Scholar search engine were searched using standard keywords up to 2022-04-26. The variance of each study was calculated according to the binomial distribution. Studies were combined according to the sample size and variance. Q Cochrane test and I2 index were used to examine the heterogeneity of the studies. Data analysis was performed in STATA 14 software, and the significance level of the tests was P < 0.05. Results In the 28 papers examined with 227894 samples, the seroprevalence of COVID-19 in blood donors was 10% (95% CI: 9%, 11%), estimated 5% (95% CI: 4%, 7%) among men and 6% (95% CI: 4%, 7%) among women. This rate in different blood groups was as follows: A 12% (95% CI: 10%-14%), B 12% (95% CI: 10%-15%), AB 9% (95% CI: 7%-12%), and O 13% (95% CI: 11%-16%). The seroprevalence of COVID-19 in blood donors in North America 10%, Europe 7%, Asia 23%, South America 5%, and Africa was 4%; Moreover, the seroprevalence of IgG antibodies was estimated to be 23% (95% CI: 18%-29%) and IgM 29% (95% CI: 9%-49%). Conclusion The highest prevalence of COVID-19 serum in women blood donors was among blood group O and Asia. The seroprevalence of IgG and IgM antibodies was high too.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Hasanpour Dehkordi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Amir Adibi
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | | | - Mohsen Abdan
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Moloud Fakhri
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Zahra Abdan
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Diana Sarokhani
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Ravula U, Chunchu SR, Mooli S, Naik R, Sarangapati PRR. SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Capacity among Blood Donors without prior COVID-19 symptomatic history vs Blood Donors with prior COVID-19 symptomatic history: A Comparative Study. Transfus Clin Biol 2022; 29:107-111. [PMID: 35167958 PMCID: PMC8839806 DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Though moderate to severely ill COVID-19 patients are being treated using COVID Convalescent plasma across the world, there is a lack of standardization or information about the relative neutralizing capacity of antibodies from convalescent plasma donors. The current study aimed to compare the neutralizing antibody inhibition levels between COVID-Convalescent plasma from apheresis donors who had symptomatic COVID-19 history and asymptomatic blood donors, i.e., whole blood donors without prior any COVID-19 positive diagnosis nor symptoms/contact history related to COVID-19. Methods Observational study conducted at the Blood Centre, Tertiary Care Hospital, South India on blood donor samples during the period July–December 2020. A total of 90 samples (43 convalescent plasma donors and 47 whole blood donors) were tested for SARS-CoV-2-IgG and Neutralising antibodies. Results No significant difference in neutralization capacity was observed between these symptomatic vs. asymptomatic donors. Also, inhibition % appeared similar in the two groups with respect to age, gender, blood group, donation status, or type of donation without any statistical significance. On analyzing the correlation between the SARS-CoV-2-IgG levels and neutralizing antibodies among the WBD and CCP, both the groups showed a positive correlation, while neutralizing antibodies showed a significant correlation with SARS-CoV-2-IgG levels among the whole blood donors (Pearson correlation P = 0.000). Conclusion No significant difference in neutralizing antibody capacity was observed in asymptomatic whole blood donors and convalescent plasma donors. Therefore, donors having adequate levels of SARS-CoV-2-IgG antibody levels on screening can be considered for convalescent plasma donation irrespective of prior COVID-19 diagnosis or COVID-related symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ushasree Ravula
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, ESIC Medical College Hospital, Sanath Nagar, 500038 Hyderabad, Telangana State, India.
| | - Srinivasa Rao Chunchu
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, ESIC Medical College Hospital, Sanath Nagar, 500038 Hyderabad, Telangana State, India
| | - Srujaleswari Mooli
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, ESIC Medical College Hospital, Sanath Nagar, 500038 Hyderabad, Telangana State, India
| | - Ravi Naik
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, ESIC Medical College Hospital, Sanath Nagar, 500038 Hyderabad, Telangana State, India
| | - Pandu Ranga Rao Sarangapati
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, ESIC Medical College Hospital, Sanath Nagar, 500038 Hyderabad, Telangana State, India
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Monteón V, Pérez FL, Hernández VP, Pacheco AO, Guzman PF, Torres GIG. Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in blood donors during the third wave of infection in Campeche Mexico. Transfus Apher Sci 2022; 61:103374. [PMID: 35101375 PMCID: PMC8801968 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2022.103374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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