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Zhu H, Yu L, He Y, Lyu Y, Wang B. Microencapsulated Pig Islet Xenotransplantation as an Alternative Treatment of Diabetes. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2015; 21:474-89. [PMID: 26028249 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2014.0499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Heart Center, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Liang Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yayi He
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi Lyu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Guo F, Xing X, Hawthorne WJ, Dong Q, Ye B, Zhang J, Liang Q, Nie W, Wang W. Characterization of PERV in a new conserved pig herd as potential donor animals for xenotransplantation in China. Virol J 2014; 11:212. [PMID: 25471401 PMCID: PMC4272560 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-014-0212-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Xenotransplantation has drawn increased attention in recent years as a potential solution to the scarcity of human source donor organs. Researchers have highlighted the need to characterize the influence of porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERV) in xenotransplantation. Screening and analyzing the presence and subtype of PERV in donor source animal breeds could provide basic parameters to evaluate the biological safety of xenotransplantation from pigs to humans. We bred a new miniature porcine herd (XENO-1) after decades of investigation, the herd was purpose bred to produce a potential donor animal source for xenotransplantation. To this end we studied the animals’ PERV expression characteristics. Methods We randomly selected 37 animals of the herd, PCR and RT-PCR based on specific primers were utilized to determine their PERV viral subtype. High fidelity PCR and restriction enzyme digestion were employed for variants detection. To thoroughly understand the PERV expression pattern, quantitative PCR was applied to measure mRNA expression levels in different tissues, At last, transfection capacity was assessed using a in vitro co-culture system. Results Our results revealed that the XENO-1 herd was free of PERV-C and exhibited low levels of PERVs in different tissues compared to commercial pig (landrace). The XENO-1 herd showed unique variants of A/B recombination. In addition, even though there were A/B variants in the XENO-1 herd, co-culturing revealed no evidence of PERV transmission from XENO-1 tissue to human cells. Conclusion Overall, Our results displayed an unique PERV expression pattern in a new pig herd and demonstrated its non-transfection capacity in vitro. Data in the research indicate that XENO-1 animals can serve as a better potential donor source for xenotransplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Guo
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute of Central South University, Third Xiang-Ya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Xiaowei Xing
- Center for Medical Experiments, Third Xiang-Ya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Wayne J Hawthorne
- Department of Surgery, The University of Sydney at Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia.
| | - Qiong Dong
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute of Central South University, Third Xiang-Ya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Bin Ye
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute of Central South University, Third Xiang-Ya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Juan Zhang
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute of Central South University, Third Xiang-Ya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Qi Liang
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute of Central South University, Third Xiang-Ya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Wei Nie
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute of Central South University, Third Xiang-Ya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute of Central South University, Third Xiang-Ya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
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Zhu HT, Wang WL, Yu L, Wang B. Pig-islet xenotransplantation: recent progress and current perspectives. Front Surg 2014; 1:7. [PMID: 25593932 PMCID: PMC4287008 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2014.00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Islet xenotransplantation is one prospective treatment to bridge the gap between available human cells and needs of patients with diabetes. Pig represents an ideal candidate for obtaining such available cells. However, potential clinical application of pig islet still faces obstacles including inadequate yield of high-quality functional islets and xenorejection of the transplants. Adequate amounts of available islets can be obtained by selection of a suitable pathogen-free source herd and the development of isolation and purification method. Several studies demonstrated the feasibility of successful preclinical pig-islet xenotransplantation and provided insights and possible mechanisms of xenogeneic immune recognition and rejection. Particularly promising is the achievement of long-term insulin independence in diabetic models by means of distinct islet products and novel immunotherapeutic strategies. Nonetheless, further efforts are needed to obtain much more safety and efficacy data to translate these findings into clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Tao Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wan-Li Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Liang Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
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Li ZG, Liu GB, Pan MX, Wu QS, Ge M, Du J, Wang Y, Gao Y. Knockdown of porcine endogenous retroviruses by RNA interference in Chinese experimental miniature pig fibroblasts. Transplant Proc 2013; 45:748-55. [PMID: 23498816 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2012.03.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2011] [Revised: 01/30/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical application of porcine-derived xenotransplants is limited by the potential risk of infection due to the presence of porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) in tissues, organs, and cells. The establishment of pig fibroblasts with low PERV expression and without PERV-C can provide a nuclear donor to generate a safer transgenic pig. METHODS In this study, we obtained Chinese Experimental Miniature Pig fibroblasts (CEMPF) with low expression of PERV and none of PERV-C. We designed small interfering RNA (siRNA) expressed as short hairpin RNAs (shRNA) based on the highly conserved gag and pol regions of PERV and screened for the most effective siRNA to inhibit PERV expression. The selected shRNA-pol3 fragment was introduced into the CEMPF to obtain an engineered CEMPF stably expressing shRNA-pol3. RESULTS The PERV mRNA expression level in the engineered CEMPF was only 7.9% of that observed in fibroblasts from wild-type CEMPF, PERV P15E protein expression was significantly reduced. HEK293 cells cocultured with the supernate of the engineered CEMPF showed no PERV infection. CONCLUSIONS Engineered CEMPF, which possess no risk of PERV-A/C infection, can serve as a nuclear donor to generate xenograft donor pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z-G Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Guangzhou, PR China
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Abstract
Pig islet xenotransplantation is effective in treating diabetes. Nowadays, the research of islet xenotransplantation is still in the research phase, and its clinical use is mainly restricted by the shortage of functional islets and graft rejection. In recent years, several studies have demonstrated the feasibility of successful preclinical pig islet xenotransplantation. Moreover, promising results concerning prolonged insulin independence were achieved with the improvement of islet isolation technologies, application of novel immunotherapeutic strategies, and the development of transplantation surgery. This review aims to elucidate the advances in the separation and preparation of transplanted pig islet, immunological rejection and treatments, potential safety problems, and clinical studies.
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Kim JH, Jung ES, Park CG, Kim SJ, Hwang ES. No Evidence of the Productive Replication of Porcine Endogenous Retrovirus (PERV) from SNU Miniature Pigs in Human Cell Line. Infect Chemother 2010. [DOI: 10.3947/ic.2010.42.3.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jung Heon Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Suk Jung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chung-Gyu Park
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Transplantation Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
- Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
- Center for Animal Resource Development, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Xenotransplantation Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Joon Kim
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Xenotransplantation Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eung Soo Hwang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
- BK21 Division of Human Life Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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