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Ostróżka-Cieślik A. Modification of Preservative Fluids with Antioxidants in Terms of Their Efficacy in Liver Protection before Transplantation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1850. [PMID: 38339128 PMCID: PMC10855613 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Transplantation is currently the only effective treatment for patients with end-stage liver failure. In recent years, many advanced studies have been conducted to improve the efficiency of organ preservation techniques. Modifying the composition of the preservation fluids currently used may improve graft function and increase the likelihood of transplantation success. The modified fluid is expected to extend the period of safe liver storage in the peri-transplantation period and to increase the pool of organs for transplantation with livers from marginal donors. This paper provides a literature review of the effects of antioxidants on the efficacy of liver preservation fluids. Medline (PubMed), Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases were searched using a combination of MeSH terms: "liver preservation", "transplantation", "preservation solution", "antioxidant", "cold storage", "mechanical perfusion", "oxidative stress", "ischemia-reperfusion injury". Studies published up to December 2023 were included in the analysis, with a focus on publications from the last 30 years. A total of 45 studies met the inclusion criteria. The chemical compounds analyzed showed mostly bioprotective effects on hepatocytes, including but not limited to multifactorial antioxidant and free radical protective effects. It should be noted that most of the information cited is from reports of studies conducted in animal models, most of them in rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Ostróżka-Cieślik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Kasztanowa 3, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
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Navati MS, Lucas A, Liong C, Barros M, Jayadeva JT, Friedman JM, Cabrales P. Reducing Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by the Targeted Delivery of Nitric Oxide from Magnetic-Field-Induced Localization of S-Nitrosothiol-Coated Paramagnetic Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:2907-2919. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahantesh S. Navati
- Department of Albert Einstein College of Medicine Physiology and Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
| | - Alfredo Lucas
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Celine Liong
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Marcelo Barros
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Jyothishree Tholalu Jayadeva
- Department of Albert Einstein College of Medicine Physiology and Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
| | - Joel M. Friedman
- Department of Albert Einstein College of Medicine Physiology and Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
| | - Pedro Cabrales
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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de Souza GFP, Denadai JP, Picheth GF, de Oliveira MG. Long-term decomposition of aqueous S-nitrosoglutathione and S-nitroso-N-acetylcysteine: Influence of concentration, temperature, pH and light. Nitric Oxide 2019; 84:30-37. [PMID: 30630056 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Primary S-nitrosothiols (RSNOs) have received significant attention for their ability to modulate NO signaling in many physiological and pathophysiological processes. Such actions and their potential pharmaceutical uses demand a better knowledge of their stability in aqueous solutions. Herein, we investigated the effects of concentration, temperature, pH, room light and metal ions on the long-term kinetic behavior of two representative primary RSNOs, S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) and S-nitroso-N-acetylcysteine (SNAC). The thermal decomposition of GSNO and SNAC were shown to be affected by the auto-catalytic action of the thiyl radicals. At 25 °C in the dark and protected from the catalytic action of metal ions, GSNO and SNAC solutions 1 mM showed half-lives of 49 and 76 days, and apparent activation energies of 84 ± 14 and 90 ± 6 kJ mol-1, respectively. Both GSNO and SNAC exhibited increased stability in the pH range 5-7. At high pH the decomposition pathway of GSNO involves the formation of an intermediate (GS-NO22-), which decomposes generating GSH and nitrite. GSNO solutions displayed lower sensitivity to the catalytic action of metal ions than SNAC and the exposure to room light led to a 5-fold increase in the initial rates of decomposition of both RSNOs. In all comparisons, SNAC solutions showed higher stability than GSNO solutions. These findings provide strategic information about the stability of GSNO and SNAC and may open new perspectives for their use as experimental or therapeutic NO donors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Guilherme F Picheth
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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de Souza GFP, Taladriz-Blanco P, Velloso LA, de Oliveira MG. Nitric oxide released from luminal s-nitroso-N-acetylcysteine increases gastric mucosal blood flow. Molecules 2015; 20:4109-23. [PMID: 25749680 PMCID: PMC6272716 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20034109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO)-mediated vasodilation plays a key role in gastric mucosal defense, and NO-donor drugs may protect against diseases associated with gastric mucosal blood flow (GMBF) deficiencies. In this study, we used the ex vivo gastric chamber method and Laser Doppler Flowmetry to characterize the effects of luminal aqueous NO-donor drug S-nitroso-N-acetylcysteine (SNAC) solution administration compared to aqueous NaNO2 and NaNO3 solutions (pH 7.4) on GMBF in Sprague-Dawley rats. SNAC solutions (600 μM and 12 mM) led to a rapid threefold increase in GMBF, which was maintained during the incubation of the solutions with the gastric mucosa, while NaNO2 or NaNO3 solutions (12 mM) did not affect GMBF. SNAC solutions (600 μM and 12 mM) spontaneously released NO at 37 °C at a constant rate of 0.3 or 14 nmol·mL-1·min-1, respectively, while NaNO2 (12 mM) released NO at a rate of 0.06 nmol·mL-1·min-1 and NaNO3 (12 mM) did not release NO. These results suggest that the SNAC-induced GMBF increase is due to their higher rates of spontaneous NO release compared to equimolar NaNO2 solutions. Taken together, our data indicate that oral SNAC administration is a potential approach for gastric acid-peptic disorder prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela F P de Souza
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, CP 6154, Campinas, SP 13083-970, Brazil.
| | - Patricia Taladriz-Blanco
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, CP 6154, Campinas, SP 13083-970, Brazil.
| | - Lício A Velloso
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, CP, Campinas, SP 13084-970, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo G de Oliveira
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, CP 6154, Campinas, SP 13083-970, Brazil.
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Chen FH, Li K, Yin L, Chen CQ, Yan ZW, Chen GM. Protective effect of sodium nitroprusside on the rat small intestine transplanted mucosa. Biochem Res Int 2015; 2015:786010. [PMID: 25650248 PMCID: PMC4306256 DOI: 10.1155/2015/786010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal mucosal epithelium is extremely susceptible to even brief periods of ischemia. Mucosal barrier damage, which is associated with ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and consequently bacterial translocation, remains a major obstacle for clinically successful small bowel transplantation (SBT). Previous studies have demonstrated a protective effect of nitric oxide (NO) on other transplanted organs and NO mediated intestinal protection has also been reported in vitro. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), NO donor, on graft mucosal histology and molecular markers of function after SBT in rats. We used SNP in different period of heterotopic SBT rats. The groups consisted of SBT, pre-SNP group, and post-SNP group. Interestingly, the pre-SNP graft samples exhibited less damage compared to the SBT and post-SNP samples. In addition, mucosal samples from the pre-SNP group showed higher Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity and higher levels of laminin expression compared to the SBT and post-SNP samples. The findings of the present study reveal that SNP given before graft ischemia/reperfusion injury has a protective effect on mucosal histology and molecular markers of function in the transplanted small intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Hua Chen
- Ultrasound Department, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated First People's Hospital, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Lu Yin
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical College, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Chun-Qiu Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated First People's Hospital, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Zhao-Wen Yan
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical College, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Gui-Ming Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated First People's Hospital, Shanghai 200080, China
- *Gui-Ming Chen:
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Abstract
Liver transplantation is the best therapy in end-stage liver disease. Donor organ shortage and efforts to expand the donor organ pool are permanent issues given that advances in perioperative management and immunosuppressive therapy have brought the procedure into widespread clinical use. The management of organ procurement, including donor preconditioning and adequate organ storage, has a key role in transplantation. However, the organ procurement process can differ substantially between transplant centres, depending on local and national preferences. Advances in the field have come from experimental and clinical research on dynamic storage systems, such as machine perfusion devices, as an alternative to static cold storage. Determination of the clinical significance of these new systems is a topic worthy of future investigations.
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Datta G, Luong TV, Fuller BJ, Davidson BR. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase and heme oxygenase-1 act independently in liver ischemic preconditioning. J Surg Res 2013; 186:417-28. [PMID: 24094826 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2013.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 08/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ischemic preconditioning (IPC) protects against liver ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. The mechanism involves nitric oxide metabolism but the importance of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) has not been established. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protects against liver IR but it is unclear if this depends on nitric oxide synthase. MATERIALS AND METHODS A mouse model of IPC with liver IR using wild-type (WT) and eNOS transgenic knockout (eNOS-/-) mice was developed to study the role of eNOS and its relationship to HO-1. Serum alanine aminotransferase level, liver histopathologic injury scores, and liver microcirculatory blood flow were measured. Western blots measured liver HO-1/2, eNOS, phosphorylated eNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (HO-1). A set of 24-h recovery experiments was undertaken on WT mice with measurement of serum alanine aminotransferase level, histologic injury score, and HO-1 by Western blot. RESULTS In WT animals, IPC preceding IR resulted in a reduction in hepatocellular and histologic injury, and improvement in parenchymal perfusion. In contrast, IPC in the eNOS-/- model did not protect the animals from IR injury. There was no difference between the eNOS and phosphorylated eNOS expression in all the WT groups. HO-1 protein was not detected in the nonrecovery groups but HO-1 messenger RNA was detected in all groups. In WT recovery experiments, IPC was protective against IR injury. HO-1 protein was detected in the IPC + IR and IR only groups but not in the sham group. CONCLUSIONS This study developed and used an eNOS-/- model to demonstrate that eNOS mediates protection against liver IR injury by IPC. The eNOS expression and activity and HO-1 expression are increased independently in liver IPC and IR, with HO-1 expression increased in the later stages of IPC and IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gourab Datta
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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Silva S, Carbonel A, Taha M, Simões M, Montero E. Proliferative Activity in Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Hepatectomized Mice: Effect of N-Acetylcysteine. Transplant Proc 2012; 44:2321-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2012.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Xiao L, Zhang Y, Yang Z, Xu Y, Kundu B, Chordia MD, Pan D. Synthesis of PECAM-1-specific 64Cu PET imaging agent: evaluation of myocardial infarction caused by ischemia-reperfusion injury in mouse. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:4144-7. [PMID: 22578454 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.04.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Revised: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A PECAM-1 specific PET imaging agent, PECAM-1-Ab-DOTA-(64)Cu, was synthesized by conjugating the anti-mouse PECAM-1 antibody with 2,2',2",2"'-(1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetrayl)tetraacetic acid (DOTA) and subsequent labeling with (64)Cu. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) was successfully performed in a mouse model of myocardial infarction (MI) induced by an ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, indicating the elevated expression of PECAM-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiao
- Department of Radiology, The University of Virginia, 480 Ray C. Hunt Dr., Snyder Bldg, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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Camacho V, Fraga R, Souza G, Cerski C, Oliveira J, Oliveira M, Alvares-daSilva M. Relationship Between Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury and the Stimulus of Fibrogenesis in an Experimental Model: Comparison Among Different Preservation Solutions. Transplant Proc 2011; 43:3634-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2011.08.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2011] [Accepted: 08/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Liu QY, Li L, Li XY, Chen G, Zhao YP, Bai JH, Zhu XF. Liver graft injury induced by ischemia and reperfusion secondary to retrograde reperfusion. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2011; 19:1550-1554. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v19.i15.1550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To evaluate the influence of retrograde reperfusion on ischemia/reperfusion injury in a rat model of liver transplantation.
METHODS: Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats undergoing orthoptic liver transplantation were divided into three groups (n = 12 for each group): group 1, antegrade reperfusion via the portal vein; group 2, antegrade reperfusion simultaneously via the portal vein and hepatic artery; group 3: retrograde reperfusion via the vena cava. Serum parameters were determined 1, 6 and 24 h after operation. Liver samples were taken for histological assessment. Cell apoptotic index was determined.
RESULTS: Rats of group 3 showed significantly lower serum level of aspartate aminotransferase compared to groups 1 and 2 (968.4 U/L ± 221.5 U/L vs 1 801.6 U/L ± 324.5 U/L, 2 564.1 U/L ± 410.3 U/L, P = 0.003, 0.000). Serum level of aspartate aminotransferase was significantly lower in group 1 than in group 2. The liver of rats of group 3 showed significantly less leukocytic infiltrates compared to groups 1 and group 2. The apoptotic index was lower in group 3 than in group 1 and 2.
CONCLUSION: Retrograde reperfusion leads to a lower level of ischemia/reperfusion injury than antegrade reperfusion in rats undergoing liver transplantation.
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