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Yousefi T, Mohammadi Jobani B, Taebi R, Qujeq D. Innovating Cancer Treatment Through Cell Cycle, Telomerase, Angiogenesis, and Metastasis. DNA Cell Biol 2024. [PMID: 39018567 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2024.0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a formidable challenge in the field of medicine, necessitating innovative therapeutic strategies to combat its relentless progression. The cell cycle, a tightly regulated process governing cell growth and division, plays a pivotal role in cancer development. Dysregulation of the cell cycle allows cancer cells to proliferate uncontrollably. Therapeutic interventions designed to disrupt the cell cycle offer promise in restraining tumor growth and progression. Telomerase, an enzyme responsible for maintaining telomere length, is often overactive in cancer cells, conferring them with immortality. Targeting telomerase presents an opportunity to limit the replicative potential of cancer cells and hinder tumor growth. Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, is essential for tumor growth and metastasis. Strategies aimed at inhibiting angiogenesis seek to deprive tumors of their vital blood supply, thereby impeding their progression. Metastasis, the spread of cancer cells from the primary tumor to distant sites, is a major challenge in cancer therapy. Research efforts are focused on understanding the underlying mechanisms of metastasis and developing interventions to disrupt this deadly process. This review provides a glimpse into the multifaceted approach to cancer therapy, addressing critical aspects of cancer biology-cell cycle regulation, telomerase activity, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Through ongoing research and innovative strategies, the field of oncology continues to advance, offering new hope for improved treatment outcomes and enhanced quality of life for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tooba Yousefi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahareh Mohammadi Jobani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Taebi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Durdi Qujeq
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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Dong L, Liu C, Sun H, Wang M, Sun M, Zheng J, Yu X, Shi R, Wang B, Zhou Q, Chen Z, Xing B, Wang Y, Yao X, Mei M, Ren Y, Zhou X. Targeting STAT3 potentiates CDK4/6 inhibitors therapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2024; 593:216956. [PMID: 38735381 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Anti-CDK4/6 therapy has been employed for the treatment for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) with CDK4/6 hyperactivation, but the response rate is relatively low. In this study, we first showed that CDK4 and CDK6 was over-expressed and conferred poor prognosis in HNSCC. Moreover, in RB-positive HNSCC, STAT3 signaling was activated induced by CDK4/6 inhibition and STAT3 promotes RB deficiency by upregulation of MYC. Thirdly, the combination of Stattic and CDK4/6 inhibitor results in striking anti-tumor effect in vitro and in Cal27 derived animal models. Additionally, phospho-STAT3 level negatively correlates with RB expression and predicts poor prognosis in patients with HNSCC. Taken together, our findings suggest an unrecognized function of STAT3 confers to CDK4/6 inhibitors resistance and presenting a promising combination strategy for patients with HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Dong
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Medicine on Head & Neck Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Medicine on Head & Neck Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Haoyang Sun
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Mo Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Mengyu Sun
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Medicine on Head & Neck Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Jianwei Zheng
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xiaoxue Yu
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Rong Shi
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Medicine on Head & Neck Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Qianqian Zhou
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Medicine on Head & Neck Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Medicine on Head & Neck Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Bofan Xing
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Medicine on Head & Neck Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Medicine on Head & Neck Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yao
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Medicine on Head & Neck Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Mei Mei
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Yu Ren
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Medicine on Head & Neck Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin, 300060, China; Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Medicine on Head & Neck Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; National Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin, 300060, China.
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Shen J, Su X, Wang Q, Ke Y, Zheng T, Mao Y, Wang Z, Dong J, Duan S. Current and future perspectives on the regulation and functions of miR-545 in cancer development. CANCER PATHOGENESIS AND THERAPY 2024; 2:142-154. [PMID: 39027151 PMCID: PMC11252520 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpt.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are a highly conserved class of single-stranded non-coding RNAs. Within the miR-545/374a cluster, miR-545 resides in the intron of the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) FTX on Xq13.2. The precursor form, pre-miR-545, is cleaved to generate two mature miRNAs, miR-545-3p and miR-545-5p. Remarkably, these two miRNAs exhibit distinct aberrant expression patterns in different cancers; however, their expression in colorectal cancer remains controversial. Notably, miR-545-3p is affected by 15 circular RNAs (circRNAs) and 10 long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and it targets 27 protein-coding genes (PCGs) that participate in the regulation of four signaling pathways. In contrast, miR-545-5p is regulated by one circRNA and five lncRNAs, it targets six PCGs and contributes to the regulation of one signaling pathway. Both miR-545-3p and miR-545-5p affect crucial cellular behaviors, including cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invasion, and migration. Although low miR-545-3p expression is associated with poor prognosis in three cancer types, studies on miR-545-5p are yet to be reported. miR-545-3p operates within a diverse range of regulatory networks, thereby augmenting the efficacy of cancer chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. Conversely, miR-545-5p enhances immunotherapy efficacy by inhibiting T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3) expression. In summary, miR-545 holds immense potential as a cancer biomarker and therapeutic target. The aberrant expression and regulatory mechanisms of miR-545 in cancer warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinze Shen
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, China
| | - Xinming Su
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, China
| | - Qurui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, China
| | - Yufei Ke
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, China
| | - Tianyu Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, China
| | - Yunan Mao
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, China
| | - Zehua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, China
| | - Jingyin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, China
| | - Shiwei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, China
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Li X, Xie G, Chen J, Wang Y, Zhai J, Shen L. Tumour cell-derived serglycin promotes IL-8 secretion of CAFs in gastric cancer. Br J Cancer 2024:10.1038/s41416-024-02735-2. [PMID: 38862740 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02735-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs)-derived IL-8 plays important roles in chemoresistance, immunosuppression, and lymph node metastasis of gastric cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying IL-8 production in CAFs remains unclear. METHODS DNA pulldown assay was performed to identify the transcription factors responsible for IL-8 expression in CAFs, which was further verified using CHIP-qPCR and DNA agarose gel electrophoresis assays. The cellular localisation of IL-8 was analysed using multiplex immunofluorescence (MxIF). RESULTS MxIF demonstrated that IL-8 was mainly produced by CAFs in gastric cancer. Lysine[K]-specific demethylase 5B (KDM5B) was identified as an IL-8 transcription factor in CAFs, and the binding of KDM5B to phosphorylated RB1 limited the transcriptional regulation of IL-8 in gastric cancer cells. Serglycin (SRGN) secreted by tumour cells activated the CD44/c-Myc pathway to upregulate KDM5B expression, thereby promoting IL-8 production in CAFs. Furthermore, tumour-associated neutrophils (TANs)-derived regenerating family member 4 (REG4) upregulates SRGN expression by activating cAMP-responsive element binding protein 1 (CREB1) in gastric cancer cells. Thus, the SRGN-IL-8-TANs-SRGN loop, which facilitates tumour progression, has been explored in gastric cancer. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed the mechanisms of the preferential production of IL-8 by CAFs in gastric cancer, and paves the way for potential new therapeutic strategies for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Guiping Xie
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
- Department of General Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Yaohui Wang
- Department of Pathology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jing Zhai
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Lizong Shen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China.
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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Paolini RL, Souroullas GP. The Cell Cycle: a Key to Unlock EZH2-targeted Therapy Resistance. Cancer Discov 2024; 14:903-905. [PMID: 38826100 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-24-0186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
SUMMARY In this issue, a study by Kazansky and colleagues explored resistance mechanisms after EZH2 inhibition in malignant rhabdoid tumors (MRT) and epithelioid sarcomas (ES). The study identified genetic alterations in EZH2 itself, along with alterations that converge on RB1-E2F-mediated cell-cycle control, and demonstrated that inhibition of cell-cycle kinases, such as Aurora Kinase B (AURKB) could bypass EZH2 inhibitor resistance to enhance treatment efficacy. See related article by Kazansky et al., p. 965 (6).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L Paolini
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
- Division of Oncology, Molecular Oncology Section, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - George P Souroullas
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
- Division of Oncology, Molecular Oncology Section, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
- Siteman Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
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Yu L, Jing C, Zhuang S, Ji L, Jiang L. A novel lactylation-related gene signature for effectively distinguishing and predicting the prognosis of ovarian cancer. Transl Cancer Res 2024; 13:2497-2508. [PMID: 38881917 PMCID: PMC11170528 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-24-319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Background Lactylation has been found to regulate several types of biological processes in cancer. However, there is limited research on lactylation-related genes in predicting the prognosis of ovarian cancer (OC). This study aimed to explore the functional roles of lactylation-related genes in OC. Methods Based on TCGA database, we obtained RNA sequencing data and clinical characteristics of patients with OC. Fourteen lactylation-related genes were screened for bioinformatic analysis in OC. Tumor classification of OC was constructed via a consistency cluster analysis. We examined the prognosis, immune-cell infiltration, and immunotherapy in relation to a lactylation-related model for OC. Results A total of 707 prognostic genes and 14 key lactylation-related genes (SNRPA1, MPHOSPH6, POLDIP3, RB1, AHNAK, MAGOHB, CALM1, EP300, HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3, SIRT1, SIRT2, and SIRT3) were identified in TCGA-OC patients. Based on 14 genes involved in lactylation, TCGA-OC patients were split into low-risk (G1) and high-risk (G2) groups. Downregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the low-risk G1 group were associated with thermogenesis, oxidative phosphorylation, neutrophil extracellular trap formation, and interleukin 17 (IL-17) signaling pathway, whereas upregulated DEGs were associated with proteoglycans in cancer, focal adhesion, Wnt signaling pathway, extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction, and the adherens junction. The immune activity of the low-risk G1 group was lower than that of the high-risk G2 group. Gemcitabine, bleomycin, and doxorubicin had lower half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values in the high-risk G2 patients with OC, while cisplatin and paclitaxel had higher IC50 values compared to the low-risk G1 patients. The prognosis of patients with OC was also predicted with the help of an eight-lactylation-related gene prognostic model, comprising SNRPA1, MPHOSPH6, POLDIP3, RB1, HDAC1, CALM1, HDAC2, and SIRT2. Conclusions The lactylation-related genes are closely related to tumor classification and immunity in patients with OC. There was good prognostic predictive performance for OC based on a lactylation-related signature. Our findings may offer new insights into the diagnosis and treatment of OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Chunxia Jing
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Sulian Zhuang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Liwei Ji
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
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O’Connor TN, Schultz E, Wang J, O’Connor T, Levine E, Knudsen ES, Witkiewicz AK. Real-World Experience among Elderly Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients Treated with CDK4/6 Inhibitor-Based Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1749. [PMID: 38730702 PMCID: PMC11083425 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The largest portion of breast cancer patients diagnosed after 70 years of age present with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer subtypes. Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitor treatment, in conjunction with endocrine therapy, has become standard-of-care for metastatic HR+ breast cancer. In total, 320 patients with metastatic breast cancer receiving CDK4/6 inhibitor combined with fulvestrant or an aromatase inhibitor were enrolled in an ongoing observational study or were included in an IRB-approved retrospective study. All patients receiving CDK4/6 inhibitor-based therapy that were ≥70 years of age (n = 111) displayed prolonged progression-free survival (27.6 months) as compared to patients <70 years of age (n = 209, 21.1 months, HR = 1.38, p < 0.05). Specifically, patients receiving a CDK4/6 inhibitor with an aromatase inhibitor who were ≥70 years of age (n = 79) displayed exceptionally prolonged progression-free survival (46.0 months) as compared to patients receiving the same treatment who were <70 years of age (n = 161, 21.8 months, HR = 1.71, p < 0.01). However, patients ≥70 years of age also experienced more frequent adverse responses to CDK4/6 inhibitor-based treatment leading to dose reduction, hold, or discontinuation than the younger cohort (69% and 53%, respectively). Treatment strategies that may decrease toxicity without affecting efficacy (such as dose titration) are worth further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas N. O’Connor
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA (E.S.); (J.W.)
| | - Emily Schultz
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA (E.S.); (J.W.)
| | - Jianxin Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA (E.S.); (J.W.)
| | - Tracey O’Connor
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (T.O.); (E.L.)
| | - Ellis Levine
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (T.O.); (E.L.)
| | - Erik S. Knudsen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA (E.S.); (J.W.)
| | - Agnieszka K. Witkiewicz
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA (E.S.); (J.W.)
- Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
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Cai X, Lin J, Liu L, Zheng J, Liu Q, Ji L, Sun Y. A novel TCGA-validated programmed cell-death-related signature of ovarian cancer. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:515. [PMID: 38654239 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12245-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer (OC) is a gynecological malignancy tumor with high recurrence and mortality rates. Programmed cell death (PCD) is an essential regulator in cancer metabolism, whose functions are still unknown in OC. Therefore, it is vital to determine the prognostic value and therapy response of PCD-related genes in OC. METHODS By mining The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) and Genecards databases, we constructed a prognostic PCD-related genes model and performed Kaplan-Meier (K-M) analysis and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve for its predictive ability. A nomogram was created via Cox regression. We validated our model in train and test sets. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was applied to identify the expression of our model genes. Finally, we analyzed functional analysis, immune infiltration, genomic mutation, tumor mutational burden (TMB) and drug sensitivity of patients in low- and high-risk group based on median scores. RESULTS A ten-PCD-related gene signature including protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 15 A (PPP1R15A), 8-oxoguanine-DNA glycosylase (OGG1), HECT and RLD domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase family member 1 (HERC1), Caspase-2.(CASP2), Caspase activity and apoptosis inhibitor 1(CAAP1), RB transcriptional corepressor 1(RB1), Z-DNA binding protein 1 (ZBP1), CD3-epsilon (CD3E), Clathrin heavy chain like 1(CLTCL1), and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta (CEBPB) was constructed. Risk score performed well with good area under curve (AUC) (AUC3 - year =0.728, AUC5 - year = 0.730). The nomogram based on risk score has good performance in predicting the prognosis of OC patients (AUC1 - year =0.781, AUC3 - year =0.759, AUC5 - year = 0.670). Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that the erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog (ERBB) signaling pathway and focal adhesion were enriched in the high-risk group. Meanwhile, patients with high-risk scores had worse OS. In addition, patients with low-risk scores had higher immune-infiltrating cells and enhanced expression of checkpoints, programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO-1) and lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG3), and were more sensitive to A.443,654, GDC.0449, paclitaxel, gefitinib and cisplatin. Finally, qRT-PCR confirmed RB1, CAAP1, ZBP1, CEBPB and CLTCL1 over-expressed, while PPP1R15A, OGG1, CASP2, CD3E and HERC1 under-expressed in OC cell lines. CONCLUSION Our model could precisely predict the prognosis, immune status and drug sensitivity of OC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Cai
- Department of Gynecology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Gynecology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jianfeng Zheng
- Department of Gynecology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Qinying Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Liyan Ji
- Geneplus-Beijing Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Gynecology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China.
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Xiong S, Song K, Xiang H, Luo G. Dual-target inhibitors based on ERα: Novel therapeutic approaches for endocrine resistant breast cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 270:116393. [PMID: 38588626 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), a nuclear transcription factor, is a well-validated therapeutic target for more than 70% of all breast cancers (BCs). Antagonizing ERα either by selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) or selective estrogen receptor degraders (SERDs) forms the foundation of endocrine therapy and has achieved great success in the treatment of ERα positive (ERα+) BCs. Unfortunately, despite initial effectiveness, endocrine resistance eventually emerges in up to 30% of ERα+ BC patients and remains a significant medical challenge. Several mechanisms implicated in endocrine resistance have been extensively studied, including aberrantly activated growth factor receptors and downstream signaling pathways. Hence, the crosstalk between ERα and another oncogenic signaling has led to surge of interest to develop combination therapies and dual-target single agents. This review briefly introduces the synergisms between ERα and another anticancer target and summarizes the recent advances of ERα-based dual-targeting inhibitors from a medicinal chemistry perspective. Accordingly, their rational design strategies, structure-activity relationships (SARs) and biological activities are also dissected to provide some perspectives on future directions for ERα-based dual target drug discovery in BC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Xiong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ke Song
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Hua Xiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Guoshun Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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10
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Silva KCS, Tambwe N, Mahfouz DH, Wium M, Cacciatore S, Paccez JD, Zerbini LF. Transcription Factors in Prostate Cancer: Insights for Disease Development and Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:450. [PMID: 38674385 PMCID: PMC11050257 DOI: 10.3390/genes15040450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) are proteins essential for the regulation of gene expression, and they regulate the genes involved in different cellular processes, such as proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. Although their expression is essential in normal physiological conditions, abnormal regulation of TFs plays critical role in several diseases, including cancer. In prostate cancer, the most common malignancy in men, TFs are known to play crucial roles in the initiation, progression, and resistance to therapy of the disease. Understanding the interplay between these TFs and their downstream targets provides insights into the molecular basis of prostate cancer pathogenesis. In this review, we discuss the involvement of key TFs, including the E26 Transformation-Specific (ETS) Family (ERG and SPDEF), NF-κB, Activating Protein-1 (AP-1), MYC, and androgen receptor (AR), in prostate cancer while focusing on the molecular mechanisms involved in prostate cancer development. We also discuss emerging diagnostic strategies, early detection, and risk stratification using TFs. Furthermore, we explore the development of therapeutic interventions targeting TF pathways, including the use of small molecule inhibitors, gene therapies, and immunotherapies, aimed at disrupting oncogenic TF signaling and improving patient outcomes. Understanding the complex regulation of TFs in prostate cancer provides valuable insights into disease biology, which ultimately may lead to advancing precision approaches for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla C. S. Silva
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (K.C.S.S.); (N.T.); (D.H.M.); (M.W.); (S.C.); (J.D.P.)
| | - Nadine Tambwe
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (K.C.S.S.); (N.T.); (D.H.M.); (M.W.); (S.C.); (J.D.P.)
- Integrative Biomedical Sciences Division, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Dalia H. Mahfouz
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (K.C.S.S.); (N.T.); (D.H.M.); (M.W.); (S.C.); (J.D.P.)
| | - Martha Wium
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (K.C.S.S.); (N.T.); (D.H.M.); (M.W.); (S.C.); (J.D.P.)
- Integrative Biomedical Sciences Division, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Stefano Cacciatore
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (K.C.S.S.); (N.T.); (D.H.M.); (M.W.); (S.C.); (J.D.P.)
- Integrative Biomedical Sciences Division, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Juliano D. Paccez
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (K.C.S.S.); (N.T.); (D.H.M.); (M.W.); (S.C.); (J.D.P.)
| | - Luiz F. Zerbini
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (K.C.S.S.); (N.T.); (D.H.M.); (M.W.); (S.C.); (J.D.P.)
- Integrative Biomedical Sciences Division, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
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11
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Paternot S, Raspé E, Meiller C, Tarabichi M, Assié J, Libert F, Remmelink M, Bisteau X, Pauwels P, Blum Y, Le Stang N, Tabone‐Eglinger S, Galateau‐Sallé F, Blanquart C, Van Meerbeeck JP, Berghmans T, Jean D, Roger PP. Preclinical evaluation of CDK4 phosphorylation predicts high sensitivity of pleural mesotheliomas to CDK4/6 inhibition. Mol Oncol 2024; 18:866-894. [PMID: 36453028 PMCID: PMC10994244 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive cancer with limited therapeutic options. We evaluated the impact of CDK4/6 inhibition by palbociclib in 28 MPM cell lines including 19 patient-derived ones, using various approaches including RNA-sequencing. Palbociclib strongly and durably inhibited the proliferation of 23 cell lines, indicating a unique sensitivity of MPM to CDK4/6 inhibition. When observed, insensitivity to palbociclib was mostly explained by the lack of active T172-phosphorylated CDK4. This was associated with high p16INK4A (CDKN2A) levels that accompany RB1 defects or inactivation, or (unexpectedly) CCNE1 overexpression in the presence of wild-type RB1. Prolonged palbociclib treatment irreversibly inhibited proliferation despite re-induction of cell cycle genes upon drug washout. A senescence-associated secretory phenotype including various potentially immunogenic components was irreversibly induced. Phosphorylated CDK4 was detected in 80% of 47 MPMs indicating their sensitivity to CDK4/6 inhibitors. Its absence in some highly proliferative MPMs was linked to very high p16 (CDKN2A) expression, which was also observed in public datasets in tumours from short-survival patients. Our study supports the evaluation of CDK4/6 inhibitors for MPM treatment, in monotherapy or combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Paternot
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM)Université Libre de BruxellesBelgium
- ULB‐Cancer Research Center (U‐CRC)Université Libre de BruxellesBelgium
| | - Eric Raspé
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM)Université Libre de BruxellesBelgium
- ULB‐Cancer Research Center (U‐CRC)Université Libre de BruxellesBelgium
| | - Clément Meiller
- Université de ParisCentre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm, Sorbonne Université, Functional Genomics of Solid TumorsFrance
| | - Maxime Tarabichi
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM)Université Libre de BruxellesBelgium
- ULB‐Cancer Research Center (U‐CRC)Université Libre de BruxellesBelgium
| | - Jean‐Baptiste Assié
- Université de ParisCentre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm, Sorbonne Université, Functional Genomics of Solid TumorsFrance
- CEpiA (Clinical Epidemiology and Ageing), EA 7376‐IMRBUniversity Paris‐Est CréteilFrance
- GRC OncoThoParisEst, Service de Pneumologie, CHI Créteil, UPECCréteilFrance
| | - Frederick Libert
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM)Université Libre de BruxellesBelgium
- ULB‐Cancer Research Center (U‐CRC)Université Libre de BruxellesBelgium
- BRIGHTCore, ULBBrusselsBelgium
| | - Myriam Remmelink
- Department of Pathology, Erasme HospitalUniversité Libre de BruxellesBelgium
| | - Xavier Bisteau
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM)Université Libre de BruxellesBelgium
- ULB‐Cancer Research Center (U‐CRC)Université Libre de BruxellesBelgium
| | - Patrick Pauwels
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE)Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON)WilrijkBelgium
- Department of PathologyAntwerp University HospitalEdegemBelgium
| | - Yuna Blum
- Programme Cartes d'Identité des Tumeurs (CIT), Ligue Nationale Contre Le CancerParisFrance
- Present address:
IGDR UMR 6290, CNRS, Université de Rennes 1France
| | - Nolwenn Le Stang
- MESOBANK, Department of Biopathology, Centre Léon BérardLyonFrance
| | | | - Françoise Galateau‐Sallé
- MESOBANK, Department of Biopathology, Centre Léon BérardLyonFrance
- Cancer Research Center INSERM U1052‐CNRS 5286RLyonFrance
| | | | | | - Thierry Berghmans
- Clinic of Thoracic OncologyInstitut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | - Didier Jean
- Université de ParisCentre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm, Sorbonne Université, Functional Genomics of Solid TumorsFrance
| | - Pierre P. Roger
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM)Université Libre de BruxellesBelgium
- ULB‐Cancer Research Center (U‐CRC)Université Libre de BruxellesBelgium
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12
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Ou Y, Wang M, Xu Q, Sun B, Jia Y. Small molecule agents for triple negative breast cancer: Current status and future prospects. Transl Oncol 2024; 41:101893. [PMID: 38290250 PMCID: PMC10840364 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.101893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer with poor prognosis. The number of cases increased by 2.26 million in 2020, making it the most commonly diagnosed cancer type in the world. TNBCs lack hormone receptor (HR) and human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2), which limits treatment options. Currently, paclitaxel-based drugs combined with other chemotherapeutics remain the main treatment for TNBC. There is currently no consensus on the best therapeutic regimen for TNBC. However, there have been successful clinical trials exploring large-molecule monoclonal antibodies, small-molecule targeted drugs, and novel antibody-drug conjugate (ADC). Although monoclonal antibodies have produced clinical success, their large molecular weight can limit therapeutic benefits. It is worth noting that in the past 30 years, the FDA has approved small molecule drugs for HER2-positive breast cancers. The lack of effective targets and the occurrence of drug resistance pose significant challenges in the treatment of TNBC. To improve the prognosis of TNBC, it is crucial to search for effective targets and to overcome drug resistance. This review examines the clinical efficacy, adverse effects, resistance mechanisms, and potential solutions of targeted small molecule drugs in both monotherapies and combination therapies. New therapeutic targets, including nuclear export protein 1 (XPO1) and hedgehog (Hh), are emerging as potential options for researchers and become integrated into clinical trials for TNBC. Additionally, there is growing interest in the potential of targeted protein degradation chimeras (PROTACs), degraders of rogue proteins, as a future therapy direction. This review provides potentially valuable insights with clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ou
- The First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengchao Wang
- The First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Qian Xu
- The First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Binxu Sun
- The First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingjie Jia
- The First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China.
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13
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Wang S, Xing Y, Wang R, Jin Z. Jianpi Huayu Decoction suppresses cellular senescence in colorectal cancer via p53-p21-Rb pathway: Network pharmacology and in vivo validation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117347. [PMID: 37931831 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Jianpi Huayu Decoction (JHD) is an herbal prescription in traditional Chinese medicine based on Sijunzi Decoction to treat patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Its effects on the inhibition of CRC cell proliferation and tumor growth are promising; however, its multicomponent nature makes a complete understanding of its mechanism challenging. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the therapeutic targets and underlying molecular pathways of JHD in CRC treatment using network pharmacology techniques and in vivo validation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The active ingredients and targets of JHD were identified, compound-target interactions were mapped, and enrichment analyses were conducted. We identified the hub targets of JHD-induced cellular senescence in CRC. The binding affinities between compounds and targets were evaluated through molecular docking. Subsequently, we conducted bioinformatic analyses to compare the expression of hub targets between colorectal tissue and normal tissue. Finally, in vivo experiments were carried out utilizing a xenograft model to assess the effects of JHD on cellular senescence biomarkers. RESULTS Network pharmacology revealed 129 active ingredients in JHD that were associated with 678 targets, leading to the construction of compound-target and target-pathway networks. Enrichment analyses highlighted key pathways including cellular senescence. Based on this, hub targets associated with cellular senescence were determined and validated. Molecular docking indicated favorable interactions between the active components and hub targets. Gene expression and survival analysis in CRC tissue were consistent with the potential roles of hub genes. Animal experiments showed that JHD triggered cellular senescence and suppressed the growth of CRC by regulating the p53-p21-Rb signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS This research adopted network pharmacology, bioinformatics, and animal experiments to unveil that JHD induces cellular senescence in CRC by influencing the p53-p21-Rb pathway and senescence-associated secretory phenotypes, highlighting its potential as a CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiting Wang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Xing
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruiping Wang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhichao Jin
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
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14
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Geissler F, Nesic K, Kondrashova O, Dobrovic A, Swisher EM, Scott CL, J. Wakefield M. The role of aberrant DNA methylation in cancer initiation and clinical impacts. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2024; 16:17588359231220511. [PMID: 38293277 PMCID: PMC10826407 DOI: 10.1177/17588359231220511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic alterations, including aberrant DNA methylation, are now recognized as bone fide hallmarks of cancer, which can contribute to cancer initiation, progression, therapy responses and therapy resistance. Methylation of gene promoters can have a range of impacts on cancer risk, clinical stratification and therapeutic outcomes. We provide several important examples of genes, which can be silenced or activated by promoter methylation and highlight their clinical implications. These include the mismatch DNA repair genes MLH1 and MSH2, homologous recombination DNA repair genes BRCA1 and RAD51C, the TERT oncogene and genes within the P15/P16/RB1/E2F tumour suppressor axis. We also discuss how these methylation changes might occur in the first place - whether in the context of the CpG island methylator phenotype or constitutional DNA methylation. The choice of assay used to measure methylation can have a significant impact on interpretation of methylation states, and some examples where this can influence clinical decision-making are presented. Aberrant DNA methylation patterns in circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) are also showing great promise in the context of non-invasive cancer detection and monitoring using liquid biopsies; however, caution must be taken in interpreting these results in cases where constitutional methylation may be present. Thus, this review aims to provide researchers and clinicians with a comprehensive summary of this broad, but important subject, illustrating the potentials and pitfalls of assessing aberrant DNA methylation in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Geissler
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ksenija Nesic
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Olga Kondrashova
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Alexander Dobrovic
- University of Melbourne Department of Surgery, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Clare L. Scott
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Matthew J. Wakefield
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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15
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Singh K, Agrawal L, Gupta R, Singh D, Kathpalia M, Kaur N. Lectins as a promising therapeutic agent for breast cancer: A review. Breast Dis 2024; 43:193-211. [PMID: 38905027 DOI: 10.3233/bd-230047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Efficient treatment of cancer has been a subject of research by scientists for many years. Current treatments for cancer, such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery have been used in traditional combination therapy, but they have major setbacks like non-specificity, non-responsiveness in certain cancer types towards treatment, tumor recurrence, etc. Epidemiological data has shown that breast cancer accounts for 14% of cancer cases occurring in Indian women. In recent years, scientists have started to focus on the use of natural compounds like lectins obtained from various sources to counter the side effects of traditional therapy. Lectins like Sambucus nigra Agglutinin, Maackia amurensis lectin, Okra lectins, Haliclona caerulea lectin, Sclerotium rolfsii lectin, etc., have been discovered to have both diagnostic and therapeutic potential for breast cancer patients. Lectins have been found to have inhibitory effects on various cancer cell activities such as neo-angiogenesis, causing cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase, and inducing apoptosis. The major idea behind the use of lectins in cancer diagnostics and therapeutics is their capability to bind to glycosylated proteins that are expressed on the cell surface. This review focuses on an exploration of the roles of post-translational modification in cancer cells, especially glycosylation, and the potential of lectins in cancer diagnosis and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keerti Singh
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Lokita Agrawal
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rhea Gupta
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Divyam Singh
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Meghavi Kathpalia
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Navkiran Kaur
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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16
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Zhou Y, Nakajima R, Shirasawa M, Fikriyanti M, Zhao L, Iwanaga R, Bradford AP, Kurayoshi K, Araki K, Ohtani K. Expanding Roles of the E2F-RB-p53 Pathway in Tumor Suppression. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1511. [PMID: 38132337 PMCID: PMC10740672 DOI: 10.3390/biology12121511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor E2F links the RB pathway to the p53 pathway upon loss of function of pRB, thereby playing a pivotal role in the suppression of tumorigenesis. E2F fulfills a major role in cell proliferation by controlling a variety of growth-associated genes. The activity of E2F is controlled by the tumor suppressor pRB, which binds to E2F and actively suppresses target gene expression, thereby restraining cell proliferation. Signaling pathways originating from growth stimulative and growth suppressive signals converge on pRB (the RB pathway) to regulate E2F activity. In most cancers, the function of pRB is compromised by oncogenic mutations, and E2F activity is enhanced, thereby facilitating cell proliferation to promote tumorigenesis. Upon such events, E2F activates the Arf tumor suppressor gene, leading to activation of the tumor suppressor p53 to protect cells from tumorigenesis. ARF inactivates MDM2, which facilitates degradation of p53 through proteasome by ubiquitination (the p53 pathway). P53 suppresses tumorigenesis by inducing cellular senescence or apoptosis. Hence, in almost all cancers, the p53 pathway is also disabled. Here we will introduce the canonical functions of the RB-E2F-p53 pathway first and then the non-classical functions of each component, which may be relevant to cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxuan Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1330, Japan; (Y.Z.); (R.N.); (M.S.); (M.F.); (L.Z.)
| | - Rinka Nakajima
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1330, Japan; (Y.Z.); (R.N.); (M.S.); (M.F.); (L.Z.)
| | - Mashiro Shirasawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1330, Japan; (Y.Z.); (R.N.); (M.S.); (M.F.); (L.Z.)
| | - Mariana Fikriyanti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1330, Japan; (Y.Z.); (R.N.); (M.S.); (M.F.); (L.Z.)
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1330, Japan; (Y.Z.); (R.N.); (M.S.); (M.F.); (L.Z.)
| | - Ritsuko Iwanaga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (R.I.); (A.P.B.)
| | - Andrew P. Bradford
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (R.I.); (A.P.B.)
| | - Kenta Kurayoshi
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan;
| | - Keigo Araki
- Department of Morphological Biology, Ohu University School of Dentistry, 31-1 Misumido Tomitamachi, Koriyama, Fukushima 963-8611, Japan;
| | - Kiyoshi Ohtani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1330, Japan; (Y.Z.); (R.N.); (M.S.); (M.F.); (L.Z.)
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17
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Yang LP, Jiang TJ, He MM, Ling YH, Wang ZX, Wu HX, Zhang Z, Xu RH, Wang F, Yuan SQ, Zhao Q. Comprehensive genomic characterization of sporadic synchronous colorectal cancer: Implications for treatment optimization and clinical outcome. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101222. [PMID: 37794586 PMCID: PMC10591049 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Sporadic synchronous colorectal cancer (SCRC) refers to multiple primary CRC tumors detected simultaneously in an individual without predisposing hereditary conditions, which accounts for the majority of multiple CRCs while lacking a profound understanding of the genomic landscape and evolutionary dynamics to optimize its treatment. In this study, 103 primary tumor samples from 51 patients with SCRC undergo whole-exome sequencing. The germline and somatic mutations and evolutionary and clinical features are comprehensively investigated. Somatic genetic events are largely inconsistent between paired tumors. Compared with solitary CRC, SCRCs have higher prevalence of tumor mutation burden high (TMB-H; 33.3%) and microsatellite-instability high (MSI-H; 29.4%) and different mutation frequencies in oncogenic signaling pathways. Moreover, neutrally evolving SCRC tumors are associated with higher intratumoral heterogeneity and better prognosis. These findings unveil special molecular features, carcinogenesis, and prognosis of sporadic SCRC. Strategies for targeted therapy and immunotherapy should be optimized accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Ping Yang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, P.R. China
| | - Teng-Jia Jiang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Ming He
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, P.R. China; Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510060, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Hong Ling
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, P.R. China
| | - Zi-Xian Wang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, P.R. China; Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510060, P.R. China
| | - Hao-Xiang Wu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, P.R. China; Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510060, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, P.R. China
| | - Rui-Hua Xu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, P.R. China; Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510060, P.R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Qiang Yuan
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, P.R. China.
| | - Qi Zhao
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, P.R. China.
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Liu W, Zeng Y, Hao X, Wang X, Liu J, Gao T, Wang M, Zhang J, Huo M, Hu T, Ma T, Zhang D, Teng X, Yu H, Zhang M, Yuan B, Huang W, Yang Y, Wang Y. JARID2 coordinates with the NuRD complex to facilitate breast tumorigenesis through response to adipocyte-derived leptin. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2023; 43:1117-1142. [PMID: 37658635 PMCID: PMC10565380 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proteins containing the Jumonji C (JmjC) domain participated in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. However, the mechanisms underlying this effect are still poorly understood. Our objective was to investigate the role of Jumonji and the AT-rich interaction domain-containing 2 (JARID2) - a JmjC family protein - in breast cancer, as well as its latent association with obesity. METHODS Immunohistochemistry, The Cancer Genome Atlas, Gene Expression Omnibus, and other databases were used to analyze the expression of JARID2 in breast cancer cells. Growth curve, 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine (EdU), colony formation, and cell invasion experiments were used to detect whether JARID2 affected breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion. Spheroidization-based experiments and xenotumor transplantation in NOD/SCID mice were used to examine the association between JARID2 and breast cancer stemness. RNA-sequencing, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis were used to identify the cell processes in which JARID2 participates. Immunoaffinity purification and silver staining mass spectrometry were conducted to search for proteins that might interact with JARID2. The results were further verified using co-immunoprecipitation and glutathione S-transferase (GST) pull-down experiments. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) sequencing, we sought the target genes that JARID2 and metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) jointly regulated; the results were validated by ChIP-PCR, quantitative ChIP (qChIP) and ChIP-reChIP assays. A coculture experiment was used to explore the interactions between breast cancer cells and adipocytes. RESULTS In this study, we found that JARID2 was highly expressed in multiple types of cancer including breast cancer. JARID2 promoted glycolysis, lipid metabolism, proliferation, invasion, and stemness of breast cancer cells. Furthermore, JARID2 physically interacted with the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) complex, transcriptionally repressing a series of tumor suppressor genes such as BRCA2 DNA repair associated (BRCA2), RB transcriptional corepressor 1 (RB1), and inositol polyphosphate-4-phosphatase type II B (INPP4B). Additionally, JARID2 expression was regulated by the obesity-associated adipokine leptin via Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) pathway in the breast cancer microenvironment. Analysis of various online databases also indicated that JARID2/MTA1 was associated with a poor prognosis of breast cancer. CONCLUSION Our data indicated that JARID2 promoted breast tumorigenesis and development, confirming JARID2 as a target for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education)Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinP. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and MicrobiomeState Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingP. R. China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education)Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinP. R. China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuanP. R. China
| | - Xinhui Hao
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education)Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinP. R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Breast Surgical OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingP. R. China
| | - Jiaxiang Liu
- Department of Breast Surgical OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingP. R. China
| | - Tianyang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education)Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinP. R. China
| | - Mengdi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education)Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinP. R. China
| | - Jingyao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and MicrobiomeState Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingP. R. China
| | - Miaomiao Huo
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and MicrobiomeState Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingP. R. China
| | - Ting Hu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and MicrobiomeState Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingP. R. China
| | - Tianyu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and MicrobiomeState Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingP. R. China
| | - Die Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and MicrobiomeState Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingP. R. China
| | - Xu Teng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis ResearchDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingP. R. China
| | - Hefen Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis ResearchDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingP. R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and MicrobiomeState Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingP. R. China
| | - Baowen Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and MicrobiomeState Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingP. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis ResearchDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingP. R. China
| | - Yunkai Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and MicrobiomeState Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingP. R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education)Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinP. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and MicrobiomeState Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingP. R. China
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Yu M, Wu W, Sun Y, Yan H, Zhang L, Wang Z, Gong Y, Wang T, Li Q, Song J, Wang M, Zhang J, Tang Y, Zhan J, Zhang H. FRMD8 targets both CDK4 activation and RB degradation to suppress colon cancer growth. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112886. [PMID: 37527040 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and retinoblastoma protein (RB) are both important cell-cycle regulators that function in different scenarios. Here, we report that FERM domain-containing 8 (FRMD8) inhibits CDK4 activation and stabilizes RB, thereby causing cell-cycle arrest and inhibiting colorectal cancer (CRC) cell growth. FRMD8 interacts separately with CDK7 and CDK4, and it disrupts the interaction of CDK7 with CDK4, subsequently inhibiting CDK4 activation. FRMD8 competes with MDM2 to bind RB and attenuates MDM2-mediated RB degradation. Frmd8 deficiency in mice accelerates azoxymethane/dextran-sodium-sulfate-induced colorectal adenoma formation. The FRMD8 promoter is hypermethylated, and low expression of FRMD8 predicts poor prognosis in CRC patients. Further, we identify an LKCHE-containing FRMD8 peptide that blocks MDM2 binding to RB and stabilizes RB. Combined application of the CDK4 inhibitor and FRMD8 peptide leads to marked suppression of CRC cell growth. Therefore, using an LKCHE-containing peptide to interfere with the MDM2-RB interaction may have therapeutic value in CDK4/6 inhibitor-resistant patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yu
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Weijie Wu
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Haoyi Yan
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhenbin Wang
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuqing Gong
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tianzhuo Wang
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qianchen Li
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jiagui Song
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Mengyuan Wang
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yan Tang
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jun Zhan
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Hongquan Zhang
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
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20
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Liu Y, Chen X, Luo W, Zhao Y, Nashan B, Huang L, Yuan X. Identification and validation of Birc5 as a novel activated cell cycle program biomarker associated with infiltration of immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Med 2023; 12:16370-16385. [PMID: 37326143 PMCID: PMC10469657 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preclinical studies and clinical trials have demonstrated that tumor-intrinsic activation of the cell cycle program impedes anticancer immunotherapy. Identification of cell cycle-related biomarkers may provide novel therapeutic targets to augment the efficacy of immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHOD AND RESULTS Based on the genes related to cell cycle program, two clusters (Cluster 1 and Cluster 2) were detected in HCC patients via non-negative matrix factorization algorithm. Multivariable-adjusted Cox regression analysis indicated that the cell cycle gene-based classification was a significant prognostic factor for predicting the clinical outcome of HCC patients. Cluster 1 showed shorter overall survival time and progression-free interval time was associated with activated cell cycle program, higher infiltration of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and less sensitivity to immunotherapy. A three-gene prognostic model, including BIRC5, C8G, and SPP1, was constructed to characterize the cell cycle-based classification of HCC, which had strong robustness and a stable predictive performance. Notably, Birc5 was positively correlated with CD11b expression (a MDSC marker) in HCC tissue. Concordant high expression of Birc5 and intratumor infiltration level of MDSCs were correlated with worse prognosis of HCC patients. In vitro, hepatocellular Birc5 overexpression promoted immunosuppressive CD11b+ CD33+ HLA-DR- MDSC expansion from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Genetically modified animal model of liver cancer revealed that Birc5 depletion upregulated the genes related to lymphocyte-mediated immunity, natural killer cell-mediated immunity, interferon-gamma production, T-cell activation, and T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity. These results suggest an immunosuppressive function of Birc5 in HCC. CONCLUSION Birc5 was a potential biomarker and inducer of intratumor infiltration of MDSCs, which led to T cell exclusion or dysfunction in tumor immune microenvironment, consequently resulting in reduced response to ICIs in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Anhui Provincial Cancer HospitalThe First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology Surgery, Anhui Provincial Cancer HospitalThe First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina
| | - Wenwu Luo
- Department of PathologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Yufei Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Anhui Provincial Cancer HospitalThe First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina
| | - Björn Nashan
- Organ Transplant Center, Department of Hepatobiliary and Transplantation Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of OncologyRuijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Medical Center on Aging of Ruijin Hospital, MCARJH, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaodong Yuan
- Organ Transplant Center, Department of Hepatobiliary and Transplantation Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina
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21
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Wang Y, Wang X, Luo Y, Zhang J, Lin Y, Wu J, Zeng B, Liu L, Yan P, Liang J, Guo H, Jin L, Tang Q, Long K, Li M. Spatio-temporal transcriptome dynamics coordinate rapid transition of core crop functions in 'lactating' pigeon. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010746. [PMID: 37289658 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Pigeons (Columba livia) are among a select few avian species that have developed a specialized reproductive mode wherein the parents produce a 'milk' in their crop to feed newborn squabs. Nonetheless, the transcriptomic dynamics and role in the rapid transition of core crop functions during 'lactation' remain largely unexplored. Here, we generated a de novo pigeon genome assembly to construct a high resolution spatio-temporal transcriptomic landscape of the crop epithelium across the entire breeding stage. This multi-omics analysis identified a set of 'lactation'-related genes involved in lipid and protein metabolism, which contribute to the rapid functional transitions in the crop. Analysis of in situ high-throughput chromatin conformation capture (Hi-C) sequencing revealed extensive reorganization of promoter-enhancer interactions linked to the dynamic expression of these 'lactation'-related genes between stages. Moreover, their expression is spatially localized in specific epithelial layers, and can be correlated with phenotypic changes in the crop. These results illustrate the preferential de novo synthesis of 'milk' lipids and proteins in the crop, and provides candidate enhancer loci for further investigation of the regulatory elements controlling pigeon 'lactation'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Wang
- Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xun Wang
- Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaman Zhang
- Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Lin
- Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Zeng
- Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peiqi Yan
- Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiyuan Liang
- Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongrui Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Long Jin
- Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianzi Tang
- Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Keren Long
- Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingzhou Li
- Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Cayo A, Venturini W, Rebolledo-Mira D, Moore-Carrasco R, Herrada AA, Nova-Lamperti E, Valenzuela C, Brown NE. Palbociclib-Induced Cellular Senescence Is Modulated by the mTOR Complex 1 and Autophagy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119284. [PMID: 37298236 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite not dividing, senescent cells acquire the ability to synthesize and secrete a plethora of bioactive molecules, a feature known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). In addition, senescent cells often upregulate autophagy, a catalytic process that improves cell viability in stress-challenged cells. Notably, this "senescence-related autophagy" can provide free amino acids for the activation of mTORC1 and the synthesis of SASP components. However, little is known about the functional status of mTORC1 in models of senescence induced by CDK4/6 inhibitors (e.g., Palbociclib), or the effects that the inhibition of mTORC1 or the combined inhibition of mTORC1 and autophagy have on senescence and the SASP. Herein, we examined the effects of mTORC1 inhibition, with or without concomitant autophagy inhibition, on Palbociclib-driven senescent AGS and MCF-7 cells. We also assessed the pro-tumorigenic effects of conditioned media from Palbociclib-driven senescent cells with the inhibition of mTORC1, or with the combined inhibition of mTORC1 and autophagy. We found that Palbociclib-driven senescent cells display a partially reduced activity of mTORC1 accompanied by increased levels of autophagy. Interestingly, further mTORC1 inhibition exacerbated the senescent phenotype, a phenomenon that was reversed upon autophagy inhibition. Finally, the SASP varied upon inhibiting mTORC1, or upon the combined inhibition of mTORC1 and autophagy, generating diverse responses in cell proliferation, invasion, and migration of non-senescent tumorigenic cells. Overall, variations in the SASP of Palbociclib-driven senescent cells with the concomitant inhibition of mTORC1 seem to depend on autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Cayo
- Center for Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Academic Vice Rectory, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Whitney Venturini
- Center for Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Academic Vice Rectory, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Danitza Rebolledo-Mira
- Center for Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Moore-Carrasco
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Andrés A Herrada
- Lymphatic and Inflammation Research Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca 3467987, Chile
| | - Estefanía Nova-Lamperti
- Molecular and Translational Immunology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Pharmacy Faculty, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile
| | - Claudio Valenzuela
- Center for Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Nelson E Brown
- Center for Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
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23
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Hu Q, Huang T. Regulation of the Cell Cycle by ncRNAs Affects the Efficiency of CDK4/6 Inhibition. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108939. [PMID: 37240281 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) regulate cell division at multiple levels. Aberrant proliferation induced by abnormal cell cycle is a hallmark of cancer. Over the past few decades, several drugs that inhibit CDK activity have been created to stop the development of cancer cells. The third generation of selective CDK4/6 inhibition has proceeded into clinical trials for a range of cancers and is quickly becoming the backbone of contemporary cancer therapy. Non-coding RNAs, or ncRNAs, do not encode proteins. Many studies have demonstrated the involvement of ncRNAs in the regulation of the cell cycle and their abnormal expression in cancer. By interacting with important cell cycle regulators, preclinical studies have demonstrated that ncRNAs may decrease or increase the treatment outcome of CDK4/6 inhibition. As a result, cell cycle-associated ncRNAs may act as predictors of CDK4/6 inhibition efficacy and perhaps present novel candidates for tumor therapy and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyi Hu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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24
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Mukherjee AG, Wanjari UR, Gopalakrishnan AV, Bradu P, Biswas A, Ganesan R, Renu K, Dey A, Vellingiri B, El Allali A, Alsamman AM, Zayed H, George Priya Doss C. Evolving strategies and application of proteins and peptide therapeutics in cancer treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114832. [PMID: 37150032 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Several proteins and peptides have therapeutic potential and can be used for cancer therapy. By binding to cell surface receptors and other indicators uniquely linked with or overexpressed on tumors compared to healthy tissue, protein biologics enhance the active targeting of cancer cells, as opposed to the passive targeting of cells by conventional small-molecule chemotherapeutics. This study focuses on peptide medications that exist to slow or stop tumor growth and the spread of cancer, demonstrating the therapeutic potential of peptides in cancer treatment. As an alternative to standard chemotherapy, peptides that selectively kill cancer cells while sparing healthy tissue are developing. A mountain of clinical evidence supports the efficacy of peptide-based cancer vaccines. Since a single treatment technique may not be sufficient to produce favourable results in the fight against cancer, combination therapy is emerging as an effective option to generate synergistic benefits. One example of this new area is the use of anticancer peptides in combination with nonpeptidic cytotoxic drugs or the combination of immunotherapy with conventional therapies like radiation and chemotherapy. This review focuses on the different natural and synthetic peptides obtained and researched. Discoveries, manufacture, and modifications of peptide drugs, as well as their contemporary applications, are summarized in this review. We also discuss the benefits and difficulties of potential advances in therapeutic peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Goutam Mukherjee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India
| | - Uddesh Ramesh Wanjari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India.
| | - Pragya Bradu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India
| | - Antara Biswas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India
| | - Raja Ganesan
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, South Korea
| | - Kaviyarasi Renu
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal 700073, India
| | - Balachandar Vellingiri
- Stem cell and Regenerative Medicine/Translational Research, Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab (CUPB), Bathinda 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Achraf El Allali
- African Genome Center, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco.
| | - Alsamman M Alsamman
- Department of Genome Mapping, Molecular Genetics, and Genome Mapping Laboratory, Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - C George Priya Doss
- Department of Integrative Biology, School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
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Arriojas A, Patalano S, Macoska J, Zarringhalam K. A Bayesian Noisy Logic Model for Inference of Transcription Factor Activity from Single Cell and Bulk Transcriptomic Data. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.03.539308. [PMID: 37205561 PMCID: PMC10187261 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.03.539308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The advent of high-throughput sequencing has made it possible to measure the expression of genes at relatively low cost. However, direct measurement of regulatory mechanisms, such as Transcription Factor (TF) activity is still not readily feasible in a high-throughput manner. Consequently, there is a need for computational approaches that can reliably estimate regulator activity from observable gene expression data. In this work, we present a noisy Boolean logic Bayesian model for TF activity inference from differential gene expression data and causal graphs. Our approach provides a flexible framework to incorporate biologically motivated TF-gene regulation logic models. Using simulations and controlled over-expression experiments in cell cultures, we demonstrate that our method can accurately identify TF activity. Moreover, we apply our method to bulk and single cell transcriptomics measurements to investigate transcriptional regulation of fibroblast phenotypic plasticity. Finally, to facilitate usage, we provide user-friendly software packages and a web-interface to query TF activity from user input differential gene expression data: https://umbibio.math.umb.edu/nlbayes/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argenis Arriojas
- Department of Mathematics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Susan Patalano
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Jill Macoska
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Kourosh Zarringhalam
- Department of Mathematics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
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Cope BM, Traweek RS, Lazcano R, Keung EZ, Lazar AJ, Roland CL, Nassif EF. Targeting the Molecular and Immunologic Features of Leiomyosarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15072099. [PMID: 37046760 PMCID: PMC10093078 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15072099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is a rare, aggressive mesenchymal tumor with smooth muscle differentiation. LMS is one of the most common histologic subtypes of soft tissue sarcoma; it most frequently occurs in the extremities, retroperitoneum, or uterus. LMS often demonstrates aggressive tumor biology, with a higher risk of developing distant metastatic disease than most sarcoma histologic types. The prognosis is poor, particularly in patients with uterine disease, and there is a need for the development of more effective therapies. Genetically, LMS is karyotypically complex and characterized by a low tumor mutational burden, with frequent alterations in TP53, RB1, PTEN, and DNA damage response pathways that may contribute to resistance against immune-checkpoint blockade monotherapy. The LMS immune microenvironment is highly infiltrated with tumor-associated macrophages and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, which may represent promising biomarkers. This review provides an overview of the clinical and pathologic behavior of both soft tissue and uterine LMS and summarizes the genomic and immune characteristics of these tumors and how they may provide opportunities for the development of biomarker-based immune therapies.
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Wang J, Xia S, Chen Y, Qin X, Liu S, Ren H. Screening and validation of prognostic indicator genes in the progression of HBV related hepatocellular carcinoma. BIOMEDICAL TECHNOLOGY 2023; 1:10-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmt.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
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Flores Legarreta A, Salvo G, Gonzales NR, Chisholm G, Hillman RT, Frumovitz M. RB1 alteration and poor prognosis in women with high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma of the uterine cervix: a NeCTuR study. J Gynecol Oncol 2023:34.e50. [PMID: 36807750 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2023.34.e50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the gene alteration status in high-grade neuroendocrine cervical carcinoma (NECC) specimens and to explore the potential association of unique gene alterations with survival. METHODS Results from tumor-based molecular testing on specimens from women with high-grade NECC in the Neuroendocrine Cervical Tumor Registry were reviewed and analyzed. Tumor specimens could be from primary or metastatic sites and obtained at initial diagnosis, during treatment, or at recurrence. RESULTS Molecular testing results were available for 109 women with high-grade NECC. The genes most frequently mutated were PIK3CA (mutated in 18.5% of patients), TP53 (17.4%), and MYC (14.5%). Other targetable alterations identified were alterations in KIT (7.3%), KRAS (7.3%), and PTEN (7.3%). Women with tumors having an RB1 alteration (6.4%) had a median overall survival (OS) of 13 months, compared to 26 months for women with tumors that did not have an RB1 alteration (p=0.003). None of the other genes evaluated were shown to be associated with OS. CONCLUSION Although no individual alteration was found in a majority of tumor specimens from patients with high-grade NECC, a large proportion of women with this disease will have at least one targetable alteration. Treatments based on these gene alterations may offer additional targeted therapies for women with recurrent disease, who currently have very limited therapeutic options. Patients with tumors that harbor RB1 alterations have decreased OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Flores Legarreta
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Gloria Salvo
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Naomi R Gonzales
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gary Chisholm
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Michael Frumovitz
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Loss of RanGAP1 drives chromosome instability and rapid tumorigenesis of osteosarcoma. Dev Cell 2023; 58:192-210.e11. [PMID: 36696903 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Chromothripsis is a catastrophic event of chromosomal instability that involves intensive fragmentation and rearrangements within localized chromosomal regions. However, its cause remains unclear. Here, we show that reduction and inactivation of Ran GTPase-activating protein 1 (RanGAP1) commonly occur in human osteosarcoma, which is associated with a high rate of chromothripsis. In rapidly expanding mouse osteoprogenitors, RanGAP1 deficiency causes chromothripsis in chr1q, instant inactivation of Rb1 and degradation of p53, consequent failure in DNA damage repair, and ultrafast osteosarcoma tumorigenesis. During mitosis, RanGAP1 anchors to the kinetochore, where it recruits PP1-γ to counteract the activity of the spindle-assembly checkpoint (SAC) and prevents TOP2A degradation, thus safeguarding chromatid decatenation. Loss of RanGAP1 causes SAC hyperactivation and chromatid decatenation failure. These findings demonstrate that RanGAP1 maintains mitotic chromosome integrity and that RanGAP1 loss drives tumorigenesis through its direct effects on SAC and decatenation and secondary effects on DNA damage surveillance.
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Deregulated E2F Activity as a Cancer-Cell Specific Therapeutic Tool. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14020393. [PMID: 36833320 PMCID: PMC9956157 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor E2F, the principal target of the tumor suppressor pRB, plays crucial roles in cell proliferation and tumor suppression. In almost all cancers, pRB function is disabled, and E2F activity is enhanced. To specifically target cancer cells, trials have been undertaken to suppress enhanced E2F activity to restrain cell proliferation or selectively kill cancer cells, utilizing enhanced E2F activity. However, these approaches may also impact normal growing cells, since growth stimulation also inactivates pRB and enhances E2F activity. E2F activated upon the loss of pRB control (deregulated E2F) activates tumor suppressor genes, which are not activated by E2F induced by growth stimulation, inducing cellular senescence or apoptosis to protect cells from tumorigenesis. Deregulated E2F activity is tolerated in cancer cells due to inactivation of the ARF-p53 pathway, thus representing a feature unique to cancer cells. Deregulated E2F activity, which activates tumor suppressor genes, is distinct from enhanced E2F activity, which activates growth-related genes, in that deregulated E2F activity does not depend on the heterodimeric partner DP. Indeed, the ARF promoter, which is specifically activated by deregulated E2F, showed higher cancer-cell specific activity, compared to the E2F1 promoter, which is also activated by E2F induced by growth stimulation. Thus, deregulated E2F activity is an attractive potential therapeutic tool to specifically target cancer cells.
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Wang J, Xiu J, Farrell A, Baca Y, Arai H, Battaglin F, Kawanishi N, Soni S, Zhang W, Millstein J, Shields AF, Grothey A, Weinberg BA, Marshall JL, Lou E, Khushman M, Sohal DPS, Hall MJ, Liu T, Oberley M, Spetzler D, Korn WM, Shen L, Lenz HJ. Mutational analysis of microsatellite-stable gastrointestinal cancer with high tumour mutational burden: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet Oncol 2023; 24:151-161. [PMID: 36681091 PMCID: PMC10599647 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(22)00783-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genomic signatures contributing to high tumour mutational burden (TMB-H) independent from mismatch-repair deficiency (dMMR) or microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) status are not well studied. We aimed to characterise molecular features of microsatellite stable (MSS) TMB-H gastrointestinal tumours. METHODS Molecular alterations of 48 606 gastrointestinal tumours from Caris Life Sciences (CARIS) identified with next-generation sequencing were compared among MSS-TMB-H, dMMR/MSI-H, and MSS-TMB-low (L) tumours, using χ2 or Fisher's exact tests. Antitumour immune response within the tumour environment was predicted by analysing the infiltration of immune cells and immune signatures using The Cancer Genome Atlas database. The Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test were used to evaluate the impact of gene alterations on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in MSS gastrointestinal cancers from the CARIS database, a Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center cohort, and a Peking University Cancer Hospital cohort. FINDINGS MSS-TMB-H was observed in 1600 (3·29%) of 48 606 tumours, dMMR/MSI-H in 2272 (4·67%), and MSS-TMB-L in 44 734 (92·03%). Gene mutations in SMAD2, MTOR, NFE2L2, RB1, KEAP1, TERT, and RASA1 might impair antitumour immune response despite TMB-H, while mutations in 16 other genes (CDC73, CTNNA1, ERBB4, EZH2, JAK2, MAP2K1, MAP2K4, PIK3R1, POLE, PPP2R1A, PPP2R2A, PTPN11, RAF1, RUNX1, STAG2, and XPO1) were related to TMB-H with enhanced antitumour immune response independent of dMMR/MSI-H, constructing a predictive model (modified TMB [mTMB]) for immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy. Patients with any mutation in the mTMB gene signature, in comparison with patients with mTMB wildtype tumours, showed a superior survival benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors in MSS gastrointestinal cancers in the CARIS cohort (n=95, median overall survival 18·77 months [95% CI 17·30-20·23] vs 7·03 months [5·73-8·34]; hazard ratio 0·55 [95% CI 0·31-0·99], p=0·044). In addition, copy number amplification in chromosome 11q13 (eg, CCND1, FGF genes) was more prevalent in MSS-TMB-H tumours than in the dMMR/MSI-H or MSS-TMB-L subgroups. INTERPRETATION Not all mutations related to TMB-H can enhance antitumour immune response. More composite biomarkers should be investigated (eg, mTMB signature) to tailor treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Our data also provide novel insights for the combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and drugs targeting cyclin D1 or FGFs. FUNDING US National Cancer Institute, Gloria Borges WunderGlo Foundation, Dhont Family Foundation, Gene Gregg Pancreas Research Fund, San Pedro Peninsula Cancer Guild, Daniel Butler Research Fund, Victoria and Philip Wilson Research Fund, Fong Research Project, Ming Hsieh Research Fund, Shanghai Sailing Program, China National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents, China Postdoctoral Science Foundation, National Natural Science Foundation of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China; Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | | - Hiroyuki Arai
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Francesca Battaglin
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Natsuko Kawanishi
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shivani Soni
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Wu Zhang
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joshua Millstein
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anthony F Shields
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Axel Grothey
- West Cancer Center and Research Institute, Germantown, TN, USA
| | - Benjamin A Weinberg
- Ruesch Center for the Cure of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - John L Marshall
- Ruesch Center for the Cure of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Emil Lou
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Moh'd Khushman
- Departments of Interdisciplinary Clinical Oncology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Davendra P S Sohal
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Michael J Hall
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tianshu Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | | - Lin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Heinz-Josef Lenz
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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van Weverwijk A, de Visser KE. Mechanisms driving the immunoregulatory function of cancer cells. Nat Rev Cancer 2023; 23:193-215. [PMID: 36717668 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-022-00544-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Tumours display an astonishing variation in the spatial distribution, composition and activation state of immune cells, which impacts their progression and response to immunotherapy. Shedding light on the mechanisms that govern the diversity and function of immune cells in the tumour microenvironment will pave the way for the development of more tailored immunomodulatory strategies for the benefit of patients with cancer. Cancer cells, by virtue of their paracrine and juxtacrine communication mechanisms, are key contributors to intertumour heterogeneity in immune contextures. In this Review, we discuss how cancer cell-intrinsic features, including (epi)genetic aberrations, signalling pathway deregulation and altered metabolism, play a key role in orchestrating the composition and functional state of the immune landscape, and influence the therapeutic benefit of immunomodulatory strategies. Moreover, we highlight how targeting cancer cell-intrinsic parameters or their downstream immunoregulatory pathways is a viable strategy to manipulate the tumour immune milieu in favour of antitumour immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoinette van Weverwijk
- Division of Tumour Biology & Immunology, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Karin E de Visser
- Division of Tumour Biology & Immunology, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands.
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Yan X, Jia H, Zhao J. LncRNA MEG3 attenuates the malignancy of retinoblastoma cells through inactivating PI3K /Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Exp Eye Res 2023; 226:109340. [PMID: 36476400 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.109340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common neoplasm found in the eye of children. There are increasing interests to develop targeted gene therapy for this disease. This study was performed to investigate the impact of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) MEG3 on the biological features of RB cells. Vector overexpressing MEG3 was constructed and introduced into two RB cell lines. Transfected RB cells were assessed for proliferation, apoptosis, migration ability, expression levels of important genes in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway using qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Xenograft mouse models were constructed to determine the tumorigenicity of RB cells overexpressing MEG3. MEG3 mRNA level was significantly lower in RB cells than in non-cancer cells (p < 0.01). Overexpressing MEG3 resulted in significant reduction in cell proliferation (p < 0.05), migration (p < 0.01) and significant increase in apoptosis (p < 0.01). After overexpressing MEG3, p-PI3K, p-Akt and p-mTOR levels were significantly downregulated (p < 0.01). Furthermore, in the xenograft model, RB cells overexpressing MEG3 generated significantly smaller tumors as compared to RB cells that did not overexpress MEG3 (p < 0.05). Our data suggest that MEG3 increases apoptosis and reduces tumorigenicity of RB cells through inactivating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Therefore, MEG3 could be further investigated as a potential new therapeutic agent and target for RB therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Yan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Handan Central Hospital, Handan, China
| | - Haibo Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Handan Central Hospital, Handan, China.
| | - Junbo Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Handan Central Hospital, Handan, China
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Marra A, Trapani D, Ferraro E, Curigliano G. Mechanisms of Endocrine Resistance in Hormone Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer. Cancer Treat Res 2023; 188:219-235. [PMID: 38175348 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-33602-7_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer (BC) accounts for approximately 70% of all breast invasive tumors. Endocrine therapy (ET) represents the standard treatment for HR + BC. Most patients, however, eventually develop resistance to ET, which limits their effectiveness and poses a major challenge for the management of HR + BC. Several mechanisms that contribute to ET resistance have been described. One of the most common mechanisms is the upregulation of alternative signaling pathways that can bypass estrogen dependency, such as activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR as well as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) pathways. Another common mechanism of endocrine resistance is the acquisition of activating mutations of ESR1, which encodes for the estrogen receptor, that lead to structural changes of the receptor, prevent the binding to anti-estrogen drugs and result in constitutive activation of the receptor, even in the absence of estrogens. Epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation and histone modifications, can also contribute to ET resistance by altering the expression of genes that are involved in estrogen signaling. Understanding the mechanisms of resistance to ET is crucial for the development of new therapies that can overcome resistance and improve outcomes for patients with HR + BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Marra
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
| | - Dario Trapani
- Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela Ferraro
- Breast Cancer Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Giuseppe Curigliano
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Meng Y, Wang H, Li X, Wu X, Sun H. Editorial: Immunity in the development of anti-cancer drug resistance. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1120037. [PMID: 36588736 PMCID: PMC9800975 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1120037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ya Meng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University, Zhuhai, China,*Correspondence: Ya Meng, Haitao Wang, Xuebing Li, Xinwei Wu, Heng Sun,
| | - Haitao Wang
- Thoracic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, United States,*Correspondence: Ya Meng, Haitao Wang, Xuebing Li, Xinwei Wu, Heng Sun,
| | - Xuebing Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China,*Correspondence: Ya Meng, Haitao Wang, Xuebing Li, Xinwei Wu, Heng Sun,
| | - Xinwei Wu
- Thoracic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, United States,*Correspondence: Ya Meng, Haitao Wang, Xuebing Li, Xinwei Wu, Heng Sun,
| | - Heng Sun
- Cancer Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, Macau SAR, China,MOE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macau, Macau SAR, China,Zhuhai Research Institute, University of Macau, Zhuhai, Macau SAR, China,*Correspondence: Ya Meng, Haitao Wang, Xuebing Li, Xinwei Wu, Heng Sun,
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Vázquez-Blomquist D, Hardy-Sosa A, Baez SC, Besada V, Palomares S, Guirola O, Ramos Y, Wiśniewski JR, González LJ, Bello-Rivero I. Proteomics and Phospho-Proteomics Profiling of the Co-Formulation of Type I and II Interferons, HeberFERON, in the Glioblastoma-Derived Cell Line U-87 MG. Cells 2022; 11:cells11244068. [PMID: 36552831 PMCID: PMC9776974 DOI: 10.3390/cells11244068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
HeberFERON, a co-formulation of Interferon (IFN)-α2b and IFN-γ, has effects on skin cancer and other solid tumors. It has antiproliferative effects over glioblastoma multiform (GBM) clones and cultured cell lines, including U-87 MG. Here, we report the first label-free quantitative proteomic and phospho-proteomic analyses to evaluate changes induced by HeberFERON after 72 h incubation of U-87 MG that can explain the effect on cellular proliferation. LC-MS/MS, functional enrichment and networking analysis were performed. We identified 7627 proteins; 122 and 211 were down- and up-regulated by HeberFERON (fold change > 2; p < 0.05), respectively. We identified 23,549 peptides (5692 proteins) and 8900 phospho-peptides; 523 of these phospho-peptides (359 proteins) were differentially modified. Proteomic enrichment showed IFN signaling and its control, direct and indirect antiviral mechanisms were the main modulated processes. Phospho-proteome enrichment displayed the cell cycle as one of the most commonly targeted events together with cytoskeleton organization; translation/RNA splicing, autophagy and DNA repair, as represented biological processes. There is a high interconnection of phosphoproteins in a molecular network; mTOR occupies a centric hub with interactions with translation machinery, cytoskeleton and autophagy components. Novel phosphosites and others with unknown biological functionality in key players in the aforementioned processes were regulated by HeberFERON and involved CDK and ERK kinases. These findings open new experimental hypotheses regarding HeberFERON action. The results obtained contribute to a better understanding of HeberFERON effector mechanisms in the context of GBM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dania Vázquez-Blomquist
- Pharmacogenomic Group, Department of System Biology, Biomedical Research Division, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana 10600, Cuba
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Saiyet C. Baez
- Département de Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2L0A9, Canada
| | - Vladimir Besada
- Proteomics Group, Department of System Biology, Biomedical Research Division, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana 10600, Cuba
| | - Sucel Palomares
- Proteomics Group, Department of System Biology, Biomedical Research Division, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana 10600, Cuba
| | - Osmany Guirola
- Proteomics Group, Department of System Biology, Biomedical Research Division, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana 10600, Cuba
| | - Yassel Ramos
- Proteomics Group, Department of System Biology, Biomedical Research Division, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana 10600, Cuba
| | - Jacek R. Wiśniewski
- Biochemical Proteomics Group, Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Munich, Germany
| | - Luis Javier González
- Proteomics Group, Department of System Biology, Biomedical Research Division, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana 10600, Cuba
| | - Iraldo Bello-Rivero
- Clinical Assays Direction, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana 10600, Cuba
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Febres-Aldana CA, Chang JC, Ptashkin R, Wang Y, Gedvilaite E, Baine MK, Travis WD, Ventura K, Bodd F, Yu HA, Quintanal-Villalonga A, Lai WV, Egger JV, Offin M, Ladanyi M, Rudin CM, Rekhtman N. Rb Tumor Suppressor in Small Cell Lung Cancer: Combined Genomic and IHC Analysis with a Description of a Distinct Rb-Proficient Subset. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:4702-4713. [PMID: 35792876 PMCID: PMC9623236 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-1115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE RB1 mutations and loss of retinoblastoma (Rb) expression represent consistent but not entirely invariable hallmarks of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The prevalence and characteristics of SCLC retaining wild-type Rb are not well-established. Furthermore, the performance of targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) versus immunohistochemistry for Rb assessment is not well-defined. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A total of 208 clinical SCLC samples were analyzed by comprehensive targeted NGS, covering all exons of RB1, and Rb IHC. On the basis of established coordination of Rb/p16/cyclinD1 expression, p16-high/cyclinD1-low profile was used as a marker of constitutive Rb deficiency. RESULTS Fourteen of 208 (6%) SCLC expressed wild-type Rb, accompanied by a unique p16-low/cyclinD1-high profile supporting Rb proficiency. Rb-proficient SCLC was associated with neuroendocrine-low phenotype, combined SCLC with non-SCLC (NSCLC) histology and aggressive behavior. These tumors exclusively harbored CCND1 amplification (29%), and were markedly enriched in CDKN2A mutations (50%) and NSCLC-type alterations (KEAP1, STK11, FGFR1). The remaining 194 of 208 SCLC were Rb-deficient (p16-high/cyclinD1-low), including 184 cases with Rb loss (of which 29% lacked detectable RB1 alterations by clinical NGS pipeline), and 10 cases with mutated but expressed Rb. CONCLUSIONS This is the largest study to date to concurrently analyze Rb by NGS and IHC in SCLC, identifying a 6% rate of Rb proficiency. Pathologic-genomic data implicate NSCLC-related progenitors as a putative source of Rb-proficient SCLC. Consistent upstream Rb inactivation via CDKN2A/p16↓ and CCND1/cyclinD1↑ suggests the potential utility of CDK4/6 inhibitors in this aggressive SCLC subset. The study also clarifies technical aspects of Rb status determination in clinical practice, highlighting the limitations of exon-only sequencing for RB1 interrogation. See related commentary by Mahadevan and Sholl, p. 4603.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jason C. Chang
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - Ryan Ptashkin
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - Yuhan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - Erika Gedvilaite
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - Marina K. Baine
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - William D. Travis
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - Katia Ventura
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - Francis Bodd
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - Helena A. Yu
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | | | - W. Victoria Lai
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - Jacklynn V. Egger
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - Michael Offin
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - Marc Ladanyi
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - Charles M. Rudin
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - Natasha Rekhtman
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
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38
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Chen B, Li P, Liu M, Liu K, Zou M, Geng Y, Zhuang S, Xu H, Wang L, Chen T, Li Y, Zhao Z, Qi L, Gu Y. A genetic map of the chromatin regulators to drug response in cancer cells. J Transl Med 2022; 20:438. [PMID: 36180906 PMCID: PMC9523919 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03651-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diverse drug vulnerabilities owing to the Chromatin regulators (CRs) genetic interaction across various cancers, but the identification of CRs genetic interaction remains challenging. METHODS In order to provide a global view of the CRs genetic interaction in cancer cells, we developed a method to identify potential drug response-related CRs genetic interactions for specific cancer types by integrating the screen of CRISPR-Cas9 and pharmacogenomic response datasets. RESULTS Totally, 625 drug response-related CRs synthetic lethality (CSL) interactions and 288 CRs synthetic viability (CSV) interactions were detected. Systematically network analysis presented CRs genetic interactions have biological function relationship. Furthermore, we validated CRs genetic interactions induce multiple omics deregulation in The Cancer Genome Atlas. We revealed the colon adenocarcinoma patients (COAD) with mutations of a CRs set (EP300, MSH6, NSD2 and TRRAP) mediate a better survival with low expression of MAP2 and could benefit from taxnes. While the COAD patients carrying at least one of the CSV interactions in Vorinostat CSV module confer a poor prognosis and may be resistant to Vorinostat treatment. CONCLUSIONS The CRs genetic interaction map provides a rich resource to investigate cancer-associated CRs genetic interaction and proposes a powerful strategy of biomarker discovery to guide the rational use of agents in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Chen
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Department of Radiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Mingyue Liu
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Kaidong Liu
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Min Zou
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yiding Geng
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuping Zhuang
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Huanhuan Xu
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Linzhu Wang
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yawei Li
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhangxiang Zhao
- The Sino-Russian Medical Research Center of Jinan University, The Institute of Chronic Disease of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lishuang Qi
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Yunyan Gu
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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Identification of key somatic oncogenic mutation based on a confounder-free causal inference model. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1010529. [PMID: 36137089 PMCID: PMC9499235 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal cell proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) are the essential events that induce cancer initiation and progression. A fundamental goal in cancer research is to develop an efficient method to detect mutational genes capable of driving cancer. Although several computational methods have been proposed to identify these key mutations, many of them focus on the association between genetic mutations and functional changes in relevant biological processes, but not their real causality. Causal effect inference provides a way to estimate the real induce effect of a certain mutation on vital biological processes of cancer initiation and progression, through addressing the confounder bias due to neutral mutations and unobserved latent variables. In this study, integrating genomic and transcriptomic data, we construct a novel causal inference model based on a deep variational autoencoder to identify key oncogenic somatic mutations. Applied to 10 cancer types, our method quantifies the causal effect of genetic mutations on cell proliferation and EMT by reducing both observed and unobserved confounding biases. The experimental results indicate that genes with higher mutation frequency do not necessarily mean they are more potent in inducing cancer and promoting cancer development. Moreover, our study fills a gap in the use of machine learning for causal inference to identify oncogenic mutations. Identifying key mutations of cancers is helpful to better understand the mechanisms of cancer cell transformation and is critical for therapeutic approaches. Besides sequence and structure-based computational approaches, some functional impact-based methods which consider the association between mutation events and the activity of cancer-related biological processes have also been developed to detect key mutations. However, these methods mainly consider the correlation but ignore that the correlation is far from causality due to the existence of observed and unobserved confounding factors. We develop a confounder-free machine learning-based causal inference framework to estimate the causal effect of mutations on abnormal cell proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). It fills a gap in the use of causal mechanisms to discover potential driver mutations in cancer biological systems. Applying our method to 10 cancer types, the identified key mutations are highly consistent with public well-verified ones. Additionally, some new key mutations have also been discovered.
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40
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Tong J, Sun Y, Wang Z, Cui D, Jiang L. Evaluation of biological mechanisms of artemisinin on bovine mammary epithelial cells by integration of network pharmacology and TMT-based quantitative proteomics. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:968149. [PMID: 36160439 PMCID: PMC9500429 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.968149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The sesquiterpene lactone, artemisinin, is a primary component of the medicinal plant Artemisia annua L., which has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antioxidant activities. However, the potential effects of artemisinin on the mammary gland of dairy cows and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we utilized systematic network pharmacology and proteomics to elucidate the mechanism by which artemisinin affects milk production and the proliferation of bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs). Nineteen bioactive compounds and 56 key targets were identified through database mining. To delineate the mechanism of artemisia’s activity, a protein-protein interaction network and integrated visual display were generated from bioinformatics assays to explore the relationships and interactions among the bioactive molecules and their targets. The gene ontology (GO) terms and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes annotation suggested that the apoptotic process, cell division, p53 pathway, prolactin and PI3K-Akt pathways played vital roles in mammary gland development. Using proteomics analysis, we identified 122 up-regulated and 96 down-regulated differentially significant expressed proteins (DSEPs). The differentially significant expressed proteins had multiple biological functions associated with cell division, apoptosis, differentiation, and migration. Gene ontology enrichment analysis suggested that differentially significant expressed proteins may promote cell proliferation and regulate apoptosis in bovine mammary epithelial cells. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway analysis indicated that several biological pathways, such as those involved in antigen processing and presentation, cell adhesion molecules and ribosomes, played significant roles in the effects of artemisinin on bovine mammary epithelial cells. These findings contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the mechanism by which artemisinin affects bovine mammary epithelial cells to improve mammary gland turnover by inducing cell proliferation and mammary gland development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Defeng Cui
- *Correspondence: Defeng Cui, ; Linshu Jiang,
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41
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Yang N, Lu X, Jiang Y, Zhao L, Wang D, Wei Y, Yu Y, Kim MO, Laster KV, Li X, Yuan B, Dong Z, Liu K. Arbidol inhibits human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma growth in vitro and in vivo through suppressing ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein kinase. eLife 2022; 11:73953. [PMID: 36082941 PMCID: PMC9512399 DOI: 10.7554/elife.73953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Human esophageal cancer has a global impact on human health due to its high incidence and mortality. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new drugs to treat or prevent the prominent pathological subtype of esophageal cancer, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Based upon the screening of drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration, we discovered that Arbidol could effectively inhibit the proliferation of human ESCC in vitro. Next, we conducted a series of cell-based assays and found that Arbidol treatment inhibited the proliferation and colony formation ability of ESCC cells and promoted G1-phase cell cycle arrest. Phosphoproteomics experiments, in vitro kinase assays and pull-down assays were subsequently performed in order to identify the underlying growth inhibitory mechanism. We verified that Arbidol is a potential ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) inhibitor via binding to ATR kinase to reduce the phosphorylation and activation of minichromosome maintenance protein 2 at Ser108. Finally, we demonstrated Arbidol had the inhibitory effect of ESCC in vivo by a patient-derived xenograft model. All together, Arbidol inhibits the proliferation of ESCC in vitro and in vivo through the DNA replication pathway and is associated with the cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhengzhou University
| | - Xuebo Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhengzhou University
| | - Yanan Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhengzhou University
| | - Lili Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhengzhou University
| | - Donghao Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhengzhou University
| | - Yaxing Wei
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhengzhou University
| | - Yin Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhengzhou University
| | - Myoung Ok Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University
| | | | - Xin Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhengzhou University
| | - Baoyin Yuan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhengzhou University
| | - Zigang Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhengzhou University
| | - Kangdong Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhengzhou University
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42
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Putta S, Alvarez L, Lüdtke S, Sehr P, Müller GA, Fernandez SM, Tripathi S, Lewis J, Gibson TJ, Chemes LB, Rubin SM. Structural basis for tunable affinity and specificity of LxCxE-dependent protein interactions with the retinoblastoma protein family. Structure 2022; 30:1340-1353.e3. [PMID: 35716663 PMCID: PMC9444907 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2022.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The retinoblastoma protein (Rb) and its homologs p107 and p130 are critical regulators of gene expression during the cell cycle and are commonly inactivated in cancer. Rb proteins use their "pocket domain" to bind an LxCxE sequence motif in other proteins, many of which function with Rb proteins to co-regulate transcription. Here, we present binding data and crystal structures of the p107 pocket domain in complex with LxCxE peptides from the transcriptional co-repressor proteins HDAC1, ARID4A, and EID1. Our results explain why Rb and p107 have weaker affinity for cellular LxCxE proteins compared with the E7 protein from human papillomavirus, which has been used as the primary model for understanding LxCxE motif interactions. Our structural and mutagenesis data also identify and explain differences in Rb and p107 affinities for some LxCxE-containing sequences. Our study provides new insights into how Rb proteins bind their cell partners with varying affinity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivasankar Putta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Lucia Alvarez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas (IIBiO-CONICET), Escuela de Bio y Nanotecnologías (EByN), Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Av. 25 de Mayo y Francia, Buenos Aires CP1650, Argentina
| | - Stephan Lüdtke
- Belyntic GmbH, Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Sehr
- Chemical Biology Core Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gerd A Müller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Samantha M Fernandez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Sarvind Tripathi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Joe Lewis
- Chemical Biology Core Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Toby J Gibson
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lucia B Chemes
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas (IIBiO-CONICET), Escuela de Bio y Nanotecnologías (EByN), Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Av. 25 de Mayo y Francia, Buenos Aires CP1650, Argentina.
| | - Seth M Rubin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
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Chen J, Lu H, Wang X, Yang J, Luo J, Wang L, Yi X, He Y, Chen K. VNN1 contributes to the acute kidney injury-chronic kidney disease transition by promoting cellular senescence via affecting RB1 expression. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22472. [PMID: 35959877 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200496rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression include interstitial inflammation, cellular senescence, and oxidative stress (OS). Although vanin-1 (VNN1) plays an important role in OS, its contribution to the AKI-CKD transition remains unknown. Here, we explored the roles and mechanisms of VNN1 in the progression of the AKI-CKD transition. We observed that VNN1 expression was upregulated after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and high VNN1 expression levels were associated with poor renal repair after I/R injury. In VNN1 knockout (KO) mice, recovery of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels after I/R injury was accelerated and renal fibrosis was inhibited after severe I/R injury. Furthermore, in VNN1 KO mice, senescence of renal tubular cells was inhibited after severe I/R injury, as assessed by P16 expression and SA-β-Gal assays. However, our results also revealed that VNN1 KO renal tubular cells did not resist senescence when OS was blocked. To elucidate the mechanism underlying VNN1-mediated regulation of senescence during the AKI-CKD transition, retinoblastoma 1 (RB1) was identified as a potential target. Our results suggest that the reduced senescence in VNN1 KO renal tubular cells was caused by suppressed RB1 expression and phosphorylation. Collectively, our results unveil a novel molecular mechanism by which VNN1 promotes AKI-CKD transition via inducing senescence of renal tubular cells by activating RB1 expression and phosphorylation after severe renal injury. The present study proposes a new strategy for designing therapies wherein VNN1 can be targeted to obstruct the AKI-CKD transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongxiang Lu
- Department of Traumatic Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Region, China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Wound Trauma Medical Centre, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyue Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jia Luo
- Department of Nephrology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Limin Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangling Yi
- Department of Nephrology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yani He
- Department of Nephrology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Wound Trauma Medical Centre, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kehong Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Wound Trauma Medical Centre, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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44
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Yao Y, Gu X, Xu X, Ge S, Jia R. Novel insights into RB1 mutation. Cancer Lett 2022; 547:215870. [PMID: 35964818 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of the retinoblastoma susceptibility gene (RB1) decades ago, RB1 has been regarded as a prototype tumor suppressor gene providing a paradigm for tumor genetic research. Constant research has updated the understanding of RB1-related pathways and their impact on tumor and nontumor diseases. Mutation of RB1 gene has been observed in multiple types of malignant tumors including prostate cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, and almost every familial and sporadic case of retinoblastoma. Even if well-known and long-investigated, the application potential of RB1 mutation has not been fully tapped. In this review, we focus on the mechanism underlying RB1 mutation during oncogenesis. Therapeutically, we have further discussed potential clinical strategies by targeting RB1-mutated cancers. The unsolved problems and prospects of RB1 mutation are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiang Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaofang Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shengfang Ge
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Renbing Jia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China.
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45
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Riegel K, Vijayarangakannan P, Kechagioglou P, Bogucka K, Rajalingam K. Recent advances in targeting protein kinases and pseudokinases in cancer biology. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:942500. [PMID: 35938171 PMCID: PMC9354965 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.942500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinases still remain the most favorable members of the druggable genome, and there are an increasing number of kinase inhibitors approved by the FDA to treat a variety of cancers. Here, we summarize recent developments in targeting kinases and pseudokinases with some examples. Targeting the cell cycle machinery garnered significant clinical success, however, a large section of the kinome remains understudied. We also review recent developments in the understanding of pseudokinases and discuss approaches on how to effectively target in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Riegel
- Cell Biology Unit, University Medical Center Mainz, JGU-Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Petros Kechagioglou
- Cell Biology Unit, University Medical Center Mainz, JGU-Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Bogucka
- Cell Biology Unit, University Medical Center Mainz, JGU-Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Krishnaraj Rajalingam
- Cell Biology Unit, University Medical Center Mainz, JGU-Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- *Correspondence: Krishnaraj Rajalingam,
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Chand V, Liao X, Guzman G, Benevolenskaya E, Raychaudhuri P. Hepatocellular carcinoma evades RB1-induced senescence by activating the FOXM1-FOXO1 axis. Oncogene 2022; 41:3778-3790. [PMID: 35761036 PMCID: PMC9329203 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02394-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest cancers. The retinoblastoma protein (RB1), a regulator of cell proliferation, is functionally inactivated in HCC by CYCLIN D/E-mediated phosphorylation. However, the mechanism of RB1-inactivation is unclear because only small percentages of HCCs exhibit amplification of CYCLIN D/E or mutations in the CDK-inhibitory genes. We show that FOXM1, which is overexpressed and critical for HCC, plays essential roles in inactivating RB1 and suppressing RB1-induced senescence of the HCC cells. Mechanistically, FOXM1 binds RB1 and DNMT3B to repress the expression of FOXO1, leading to a decrease in the levels of the CDK-inhibitors, creating an environment for phosphorylation and inactivation of RB1. Consistent with that, inhibition of FOXM1 causes increased expression of FOXO1 with consequent activation of RB1, leading to senescence of the HCC cells, in vitro and in vivo. Also, repression-deficient mutants of FOXM1 induce senescence that is blocked by depletion of RB1 or FOXO1. We provide evidence that human HCCs rely upon this FOXM1-FOXO1 axis for phosphorylation and inactivation of RB1. The observations demonstrate the existence of a new autoregulatory loop of RB1-inactivation in HCC involving a FOXM1-FOXO1 axis that is required for phosphorylation of RB1 and for aggressive progression of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhav Chand
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (M/C 669), University of Illinois, College of Medicine, 900S. Ashland Ave., Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Xiubei Liao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (M/C 669), University of Illinois, College of Medicine, 900S. Ashland Ave., Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Grace Guzman
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois, College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Elizaveta Benevolenskaya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (M/C 669), University of Illinois, College of Medicine, 900S. Ashland Ave., Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Pradip Raychaudhuri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (M/C 669), University of Illinois, College of Medicine, 900S. Ashland Ave., Chicago, IL, 60607, USA. .,Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, 820S. Damen Ave., Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
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Kumarasamy V, Nambiar R, Wang J, Rosenheck H, Witkiewicz AK, Knudsen ES. RB loss determines selective resistance and novel vulnerabilities in ER-positive breast cancer models. Oncogene 2022; 41:3524-3538. [PMID: 35676324 PMCID: PMC10680093 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02362-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The management of metastatic estrogen receptor (ER) positive HER2 negative breast cancer (ER+) has improved; however, therapeutic resistance and disease progression emerges in majority of cases. Using unbiased approaches, as expected PI3K and MTOR inhibitors emerge as potent inhibitors to delay proliferation of ER+ models harboring PIK3CA mutations. However, the cytostatic efficacy of these drugs is hindered due to marginal impact on the expression of cyclin D1. Different combination approaches involving the inhibition of ER pathway or cell cycle result in durable growth arrest via RB activation and subsequent inhibition of CDK2 activity. However, cell cycle alterations due to RB loss or ectopic CDK4/cyclin D1 activation yields resistance to these cytostatic combination treatments. To define means to counter resistance to targeted therapies imparted with RB loss; complementary drug screens were performed with RB-deleted isogenic cell lines. In this setting, RB loss renders ER+ breast cancer models more vulnerable to drugs that target DNA replication and mitosis. Pairwise combinations using these classes of drugs defines greater selectivity for RB deficiency. The combination of AURK and WEE1 inhibitors, yields synergistic cell death selectively in RB-deleted ER+ breast cancer cells via apoptosis and yields profound disease control in vivo. Through unbiased efforts the XIAP/CIAP inhibitor birinapant was identified as a novel RB-selective agent. Birinapant further enhances the cytotoxic effect of chemotherapies and targeted therapies used in the treatment of ER+ breast cancer models selectively in the RB-deficient setting. Using organoid culture and xenograft models, we demonstrate the highly selective use of birinapant based combinations for the treatment of RB-deficient tumors. Together, these data illustrate the critical role of RB-pathway in response to many agents used to treat ER+ breast cancer, whilst informing new therapeutic approaches that could be deployed against resistant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu Kumarasamy
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Ram Nambiar
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jianxin Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Hanna Rosenheck
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Agnieszka K Witkiewicz
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | - Erik S Knudsen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.
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Liu Z, Jin K, Zeng H, Shao F, Chang Y, Wang Y, Xu L, Wang Z, Cui X, Zhu Y, Xu J. B7-H4 correlates with clinical outcome and immunotherapeutic benefit in muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Eur J Cancer 2022; 171:133-142. [PMID: 35717821 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2022.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIM B7-H4, a sibling to PD-L1 in B7 family, has been reported to be a novel immune checkpoint that is prevalent among non-inflamed tumors. Herein, we attempt to explore the potential of B7-H4 in survival prediction and therapeutic guidance in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) patients. METHODS This study included 391 patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and 122 patients from Zhongshan (ZS) Hospital. The evaluation of response to PD-L1 inhibitors was based on 270 patients in IMvigor210 cohort. Kaplan-Meier survival and multivariate analyses were performed to assess clinical outcomes in three cohorts. The correlation of B7-H4 expression with immune contexture and genomic alterations was analyzed based on immunohistochemistry, Microenvironment Cell Populations-counter (MCP-counter) tool, and whole-exome sequencing. RESULTS MIBC patients with the high level of B7-H4 expression (B7-H4high) were found to possess an inferior overall and recurrence-free survival. Nonetheless, substantial clinical benefits of cisplatin-based chemotherapy and anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy were observed in these patients. After identifying a positive correlation between B7-H4 and tumor mutation burden (TMB), clinical benefits in B7-H4high TMBhigh subgroup were found to be the most upon PD-L1 blockade. Further studies revealed that B7-H4high subgroup was featured by non-inflamed immune contexture and cell cycle-related gene alterations. CONCLUSIONS Despite adverse clinical outcomes, B7-H4high patients possessed superior responsiveness to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. B7-H4 stratification could also synergize with TMB to pinpoint the patients who benefited most from immunotherapy. The clinical exploration of B7-H4 as a companion predictor could allow clinicians to direct proper therapeutic agents to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaopei Liu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaifeng Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Zeng
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Shao
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Chang
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiwei Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Le Xu
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zewei Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xingang Cui
- Department of Urology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jiejie Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Witkiewicz AK, Kumarasamy V, Sanidas I, Knudsen ES. Cancer cell cycle dystopia: heterogeneity, plasticity, and therapy. Trends Cancer 2022; 8:711-725. [PMID: 35599231 PMCID: PMC9388619 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2022.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian cell cycle has been extensively studied regarding cancer etiology, progression, and therapeutic intervention. The canonical cell cycle framework is supported by a plethora of data pointing to a relatively simple linear pathway in which mitogenic signals are integrated in a stepwise fashion to allow progression through G1/S with coordinate actions of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK)4/6 and CDK2 on the RB tumor suppressor. Recent work on adaptive mechanisms and intrinsic heterogeneous dependencies indicates that G1/S control of the cell cycle is a variable signaling pathway rather than an invariant engine that drives cell division. These alterations can limit the effectiveness of pharmaceutical agents but provide new avenues for therapeutic interventions. These findings support a dystopian view of the cell cycle in cancer where the canonical utopian cell cycle is often not observed. However, recognizing the extent of cell cycle heterogeneity likely creates new opportunities for precision therapeutic approaches specifically targeting these states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka K Witkiewicz
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA.
| | - Vishnu Kumarasamy
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Ioannis Sanidas
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Erik S Knudsen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA.
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Zhang Z, Hu B, Joseph J, Wang Y, Mao J, Zhang H, Ma Q, Zhang Y, Wang J. Stable H-bond networks are crucial for selective CDK4 inhibition revealed from comprehensive in silico investigation. Comput Biol Chem 2022; 99:107699. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2022.107699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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