1
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Song G, Song J, Li Q, Kang T, Dong J, Li G, Fan J, Wang C, Xue D. Adaptive Photochemical Amination via Co(II) Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:26936-26946. [PMID: 39292541 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c08130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2024]
Abstract
Transition-metal-catalyzed amination of aryl halides is one of the most employed methods for constructing N-arylation adducts. However, the broad success of these reactions largely relies on the screening of precatalysts, elaborated ligands, and case-by-case optimization of reaction conditions (solvent, base, additive, temperature, etc.) for electronically or structurally diverse nucleophiles. Herein, we report an adaptive photochemical C-N coupling of aryl halides with various nitrogen nucleophiles (aliphatic and aromatic amines, amides, sulfonamides, pyrazoles, and ammonium salts) by Co(II) catalysis under the same reaction conditions (same precatalyst, same ligand, same base, same solvent, same temperature) without the addition of any exogenous photocatalyst. This photochemical amination features a wide substrate scope (>130 examples, up to 95% yield) with excellent functional group tolerance. Mechanistic studies indicate that these C-N coupling reactions may proceed via a Co(I)/Co(III) catalytic cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geyang Song
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Jiameng Song
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Tengfei Kang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Jianyang Dong
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Gang Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Juan Fan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Dong Xue
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
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2
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Wang X, He J, Wang YN, Zhao Z, Jiang K, Yang W, Zhang T, Jia S, Zhong K, Niu L, Lan Y. Strategies and Mechanisms of First-Row Transition Metal-Regulated Radical C-H Functionalization. Chem Rev 2024; 124:10192-10280. [PMID: 39115179 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Radical C-H functionalization represents a useful means of streamlining synthetic routes by avoiding substrate preactivation and allowing access to target molecules in fewer steps. The first-row transition metals (Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu) are Earth-abundant and can be employed to regulate radical C-H functionalization. The use of such metals is desirable because of the diverse interaction modes between first-row transition metal complexes and radical species including radical addition to the metal center, radical addition to the ligand of metal complexes, radical substitution of the metal complexes, single-electron transfer between radicals and metal complexes, hydrogen atom transfer between radicals and metal complexes, and noncovalent interaction between the radicals and metal complexes. Such interactions could improve the reactivity, diversity, and selectivity of radical transformations to allow for more challenging radical C-H functionalization reactions. This review examines the achievements in this promising area over the past decade, with a focus on the state-of-the-art while also discussing existing limitations and the enormous potential of high-value radical C-H functionalization regulated by these metals. The aim is to provide the reader with a detailed account of the strategies and mechanisms associated with such functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghua Wang
- College of Chemistry, and Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Jing He
- College of Chemistry, and Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Nan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Chemical Theory and Mechanism, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyan Zhao
- College of Chemistry, and Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Kui Jiang
- College of Chemistry, and Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Wei Yang
- College of Chemistry, and Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Institute of Intelligent Innovation, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 451162, P. R. China
| | - Shiqi Jia
- College of Chemistry, and Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Kangbao Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P. R. China
| | - Linbin Niu
- College of Chemistry, and Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P. R. China
| | - Yu Lan
- College of Chemistry, and Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Chemical Theory and Mechanism, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P. R. China
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3
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Joseph E, Tunge JA. Cobalt-Catalyzed Allylic Alkylation at sp 3-Carbon Centers. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401707. [PMID: 38869446 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The rising demand and financial costs of noble transition metal catalysts have emphasized the need for sustainable catalytic approaches. Over the past few years, base-metal catalysts have emerged as ideal candidates to replace their noble-metal counterparts because of their abundance and easiness of handling. Despite the significant advancements achieved with precious transition metals, earth-abundant cobalt catalysts have emerged as efficient alternatives for allylic substitution reactions. In this review, allylic alkylations at sp3-carbon centers mediated by cobalt will be discussed, with a special focus on the mechanistic features, scope, and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebbin Joseph
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Rd., Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Jon A Tunge
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Rd., Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
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4
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Tan CY, Hong S. Harnessing the potential of acyl triazoles in bifunctional cobalt-catalyzed radical cross-coupling reactions. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6965. [PMID: 39138198 PMCID: PMC11322283 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51376-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Persistent radicals facilitate numerous selective radical coupling reactions. Here, we have identified acyl triazole as a new and versatile moiety for generating persistent radical intermediates through single-electron transfer processes. The efficient generation of these persistent radicals is facilitated by the formation of substrate-coordinated cobalt complexes, which subsequently engage in radical cross-coupling reactions. Remarkably, triazole-coordinated cobalt complexes exhibit metal-hydride hydrogen atom transfer (MHAT) capabilities with alkenes, enabling the efficient synthesis of diverse ketone products without the need for external ligands. By leveraging the persistent radical effect, this catalytic approach also allows for the development of other radical cross-coupling reactions with two representative radical precursors. The discovery of acyl triazoles as effective substrates for generating persistent radicals and as ligands for cobalt catalysis, combined with the bifunctional nature of the cobalt catalytic system, opens up new avenues for the design and development of efficient and sustainable organic transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Yin Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Korea.
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Korea.
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5
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Dam P, Zuo K, Azofra LM, El-Sepelgy O. Biomimetic Photoexcited Cobaloxime Catalysis in Organic Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202405775. [PMID: 38775208 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202405775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Drawing inspiration from nature has long been a cornerstone of chemical innovation, with natural systems offering a wealth of untapped potential for discovery. In this minireview, we delve into the burgeoning field of cobaloxime catalysis in organic synthesis, which mimics the catalytic activity of the natural organometallic alkylcobalamine enzymes. Our focus lies on elucidating the latest advancements in this area, as well as delineating the primary mechanistic pathways at play. By describing, and comparing these mechanisms, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art, while also shedding light on the key unresolved challenges that await further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phong Dam
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis e.V., Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Kaiming Zuo
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis e.V., Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Luis Miguel Azofra
- Instituto de Estudios Ambientales y Recursos Naturales (i-UNAT), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Campus de Tafira, 35017, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Osama El-Sepelgy
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis e.V., Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
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6
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Zhang J, Huan XD, Wang X, Li GQ, Xiao WJ, Chen JR. Recent advances in C(sp 3)-N bond formation via metallaphoto-redox catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:6340-6361. [PMID: 38832416 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01969e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
The C(sp3)-N bond is ubiquitous in natural products, pharmaceuticals, biologically active molecules and functional materials. Consequently, the development of practical and efficient methods for C(sp3)-N bond formation has attracted more and more attention. Compared to the conventional ionic pathway-based thermal methods, photochemical processes that proceed through radical mechanisms by merging photoredox and transition-metal catalyses have emerged as powerful and alternative tools for C(sp3)-N bond formation. In this review, recent advances in the burgeoning field of C(sp3)-N bond formation via metallaphotoredox catalysis have been highlighted. The contents of this review are categorized according to the transition metals used (copper, nickel, cobalt, palladium, and iron) together with photocatalysis. Emphasis is placed on methodology achievements and mechanistic insight, aiming to inspire chemists to invent more efficient radical-involved C(sp3)-N bond-forming reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China.
| | - Xiao-Die Huan
- College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China.
| | - Guo-Qing Li
- College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China.
| | - Wen-Jing Xiao
- College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China.
| | - Jia-Rong Chen
- College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China.
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7
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Yamaguchi Y, Hirata Y, Higashida K, Yoshino T, Matsunaga S. Cobalt/Photoredox Dual-Catalyzed Cross-Radical Coupling of Alkenes via Hydrogen Atom Transfer and Homolytic Substitution. Org Lett 2024; 26:4893-4897. [PMID: 38836750 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Cobalt-catalyzed metal hydride hydrogen atom transfer (MHAT) in combination with photoredox catalysis has emerged as a powerful synthetic method, owing to its redox nature and applicability to various radical precursors. Herein, we describe a cross-radical coupling reaction under cobalt/photoredox dual catalysis. MHAT and homolytic substitution (SH2) processes enabled Markovnikov-selective hydrobenzylation of di/trisubstituted alkenes, affording products with a quaternary carbon center in a redox-neutral manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Yamaguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0808, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yuki Hirata
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0808, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kosuke Higashida
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Yoshino
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0808, Japan
| | - Shigeki Matsunaga
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0808, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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8
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Parte LG, Fernández S, Sandonís E, Guerra J, López E. Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Transformations for the Synthesis of Marine Drugs. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:253. [PMID: 38921564 PMCID: PMC11204618 DOI: 10.3390/md22060253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Transition metal catalysis has contributed to the discovery of novel methodologies and the preparation of natural products, as well as new chances to increase the chemical space in drug discovery programs. In the case of marine drugs, this strategy has been used to achieve selective, sustainable and efficient transformations, which cannot be obtained otherwise. In this perspective, we aim to showcase how a variety of transition metals have provided fruitful couplings in a wide variety of marine drug-like scaffolds over the past few years, by accelerating the production of these valuable molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía G. Parte
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Science Faculty, University of Valladolid (UVa), Paseo de Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; (L.G.P.); (E.S.)
| | - Sergio Fernández
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK;
| | - Eva Sandonís
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Science Faculty, University of Valladolid (UVa), Paseo de Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; (L.G.P.); (E.S.)
| | - Javier Guerra
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Science Faculty, University of Valladolid (UVa), Paseo de Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; (L.G.P.); (E.S.)
| | - Enol López
- Department of Organic Chemistry, ITAP, School of Engineering (EII), University of Valladolid (UVa), Dr Mergelina, 47002 Valladolid, Spain
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9
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Wan Y, Ramírez E, Ford A, Zhang HK, Norton JR, Li G. Cooperative Fe/Co-Catalyzed Remote Desaturation for the Synthesis of Unsaturated Amide Derivatives. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:4985-4992. [PMID: 38320266 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Unsaturated amides represent common functional groups found in natural products and bioactive molecules and serve as versatile synthetic building blocks. Here, we report an iron(II)/cobalt(II) dual catalytic system for the syntheses of distally unsaturated amide derivatives. The transformation proceeds through an iron nitrenoid-mediated 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer (1,5-HAT) mechanism. Subsequently, the radical intermediate undergoes hydrogen atom abstraction from vicinal methylene by a cobaloxime catalyst, efficiently yielding β,γ- or γ,δ-unsaturated amide derivatives under mild conditions. The efficiency of Co-mediated HAT can be tuned by varying different auxiliaries, highlighting the generality of this protocol. Remarkably, this desaturation protocol is also amenable to practical scalability, enabling the synthesis of unsaturated carbamates and ureas, which can be readily converted into various valuable molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Wan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Emmanuel Ramírez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322, United States
| | - Ayzia Ford
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322, United States
| | - Harriet K Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Jack R Norton
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322, United States
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10
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Shibutani S, Nagao K, Ohmiya H. A Dual Cobalt and Photoredox Catalysis for Hydrohalogenation of Alkenes. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:4375-4379. [PMID: 38300804 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
We demonstrate hydrohalogenation of aliphatic alkenes with collidine·HX salts through dual photoredox/cobalt catalysis. The dual catalysis enables conversion of a proton and a halide anion from collidine·HX salt to a nucleophilic hydrogen radical equivalent and an electrophilic halogen radical equivalent and delivery of them to an alkene moiety. This protocol allows for introduction of fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine atom to alkene, producing highly functionalized alkyl halides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shotaro Shibutani
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Kazunori Nagao
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Ohmiya
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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11
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Ravindra S, Natarajan K, Padma Priya VR, Kataria R, Nandi GC. Visible Light Mediated Co-Catalyzed Isocyanide Insertion with Sulfonyl Azide: Synthesis of Sulfonyl Carbamimidic Azide and Sulfonyl Aminotetrazole via Carbodiimide Intermediate. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202303153. [PMID: 37878800 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report an operationally simple and efficient protocol to prepare sulfonyl carbamimidic azide and N-sulfonyl aminotetrazole via Co-catalyzed three component coupling of sulfonyl azide (acts as nitrene source), isocyanide, and TMS-azide at room temperature under visible light. Initially, the carbamimidic azide is formed, which cyclizes only in the presence of base to deliver N-sulfonyl aminotetrazole in very good yields. The sulfonyl aminotetrazole can also be synthesized directly without isolating the carbamimidic azide in the presence of base. The sulfonyl azide is anticipated to generate nitrene and reacts with isocyanide to produce carbodiimide. Subsequent addition of azide (TMS-N3 ) to carbodiimide results in the formation of carbamimidic azide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundaresan Ravindra
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology- Tiruchirappalli, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, 620 015, India
| | - Kannan Natarajan
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology- Tiruchirappalli, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, 620 015, India
| | - Vetrivel R Padma Priya
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology- Tiruchirappalli, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, 620 015, India
| | - Ramesh Kataria
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Ganesh Chandra Nandi
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology- Tiruchirappalli, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, 620 015, India
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12
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Lee A, Son M, Deegbey M, Woodhouse MD, Hart SM, Beissel HF, Cesana PT, Jakubikova E, McCusker JK, Schlau-Cohen GS. Observation of parallel intersystem crossing and charge transfer-state dynamics in [Fe(bpy) 3] 2+ from ultrafast 2D electronic spectroscopy. Chem Sci 2023; 14:13140-13150. [PMID: 38023502 PMCID: PMC10664481 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02613b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Transition metal-based charge-transfer complexes represent a broad class of inorganic compounds with diverse photochemical applications. Charge-transfer complexes based on earth-abundant elements have been of increasing interest, particularly the canonical [Fe(bpy)3]2+. Photoexcitation into the singlet metal-ligand charge transfer (1MLCT) state is followed by relaxation first to the ligand-field manifold and then to the ground state. While these dynamics have been well-studied, processes within the MLCT manifold that facilitate and/or compete with relaxation have been more elusive. We applied ultrafast two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy (2DES) to disentangle the dynamics immediately following MLCT excitation of this compound. First, dynamics ascribed to relaxation out of the initially formed 1MLCT state was found to correlate with the inertial response time of the solvent. Second, the additional dimension of the 2D spectra revealed a peak consistent with a ∼20 fs 1MLCT → 3MLCT intersystem crossing process. These two observations indicate that the complex simultaneously undergoes intersystem crossing and direct conversion to ligand-field state(s). Resolution of these parallel pathways in this prototypical earth-abundant complex highlights the ability of 2DES to deconvolve the otherwise obscured excited-state dynamics of charge-transfer complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Minjung Son
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Mawuli Deegbey
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA
| | - Matthew D Woodhouse
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA
| | - Stephanie M Hart
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Hayden F Beissel
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA
| | - Paul T Cesana
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Elena Jakubikova
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA
| | - James K McCusker
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA
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13
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Qin J, Zhang Z, Lu Y, Zhu S, Chu L. Divergent 1,2-carboallylation of terminal alkynes enabled by metallaphotoredox catalysis with switchable triplet energy transfer. Chem Sci 2023; 14:12143-12151. [PMID: 37969584 PMCID: PMC10631246 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04645a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a metallaphotoredox strategy for stereodivergent three-component carboallylation of terminal alkynes with allylic carbonates and alkyl trifluoroborates. This redox-neutral dual catalytic protocol utilizes commercially available organic photocatalyst 4CzIPN and nickel catalysts to trigger a radical addition/alkenyl-allyl coupling sequence, enabling straightforward access to functionalized 1,4-dienes in a highly chemo-, regio-selective, and stereodivergent fashion. This reaction features a broad substrate generality and a tunable triplet energy transfer control with pyrene as a simple triplet energy modulator, offering a facile synthesis of complex trans- and cis-selective skipped dienes with the same set of readily available substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, Donghua University Shanghai 201620 China
| | - Zhuzhu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, Donghua University Shanghai 201620 China
| | - Yi Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, Donghua University Shanghai 201620 China
| | - Shengqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, Donghua University Shanghai 201620 China
| | - Lingling Chu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, Donghua University Shanghai 201620 China
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14
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Yan H, Shan JR, Zhang F, Chen Y, Zhang X, Liao Q, Hao E, Shi L. Radical Crotylation of Aldehydes with 1,3-Butadiene by Photoredox Cobalt and Titanium Dual Catalysis. Org Lett 2023; 25:7694-7699. [PMID: 37842952 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Metal-hydride hydrogen atom transfer (MHAT) has been recognized as a powerful method for alkene functionalization; however, photochemical MAT-mediated chemoselective functionalization of dienes remains undeveloped. In this study, we report a radical strategy (1e-) through MHAT using photoredox cobalt and titanium dual catalysis for aldehyde crotylation with butadiene, achieving excellent regio- and diastereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaipu Yan
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Jing-Ran Shan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Fengzhi Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Yuqing Chen
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Qian Liao
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Erjun Hao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Lei Shi
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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15
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Alowakennu MM, Ghosh A, McCusker JK. Direct Evidence for Excited Ligand Field State-based Oxidative Photoredox Chemistry of a Cobalt(III) Polypyridyl Photosensitizer. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:20786-20791. [PMID: 37703518 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Increasing interest in sustainable chemistry coupled with the quest to explore new reactivity has spurred research on first-row transition metal complexes for potential applications in a variety of settings. One of the more active areas of research is photoredox catalysis, where the synthetically tunable nature of their electronic structures provides a rich palette of options for tailoring their reactivity to a desired chemical transformation. Understanding the mechanism of excited-state reactivity is critical for the informed development of next-generation catalysts, which in turn requires information concerning the propensity of their electronic excited states to engage in the desired electron or energy transfer processes. Herein we provide direct evidence of the highly oxidizing nature of the lowest-energy ligand-field (LF) excited state of a first-row d6-low-spin Co(III) photosensitizer [Co(4,4'-Br2bpy)3]3+ (where 4,4'-Br2bpy is 4,4'-dibromo-2,2'-bipyridine). The redox potential associated with the LF excited state of the Co(III) complex was bracketed by performing bimolecular quenching studies by using a series of simple organic electron donors. Time-resolved absorption spectroscopy confirmed a dynamic quenching process attributed to reductive quenching of the lowest-energy ligand-field excited state of the Co(III) chromophore. Analysis of the Stern-Volmer plots for each chromophore-quencher pair revealed a limiting value of Ered* ∼ 1.25 V vs Fc/Fc+ for the metal-centered excited state, which is significantly stronger than that of more commonly employed transition metal-based photoredox agents such as [Ru(bpy)3]2+ (Ered* = 0.32 V vs Fc/Fc+) and [Ir(ppy)2(bpy)]+ (Ered* = 0.27 V vs Fc/Fc+). These results suggest that this class of chromophores could find utility in applications requiring the activation of oxidatively resistant organic substrates for photoredox catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micheal M Alowakennu
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Atanu Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - James K McCusker
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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16
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Maiti M, Jana SK, Maji B. Asymmetric alkene-alkene reductive cross-coupling reaction via visible-light photoredox/cobalt dual catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023. [PMID: 37475618 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc02792a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The first example of asymmetric alkene-alkene reductive coupling is demonstrated via visible-light-fueled photoredox/cobalt dual catalysis. The desymmetrization reaction provided products (>20 examples) with up to five chiral centers in single-step operation in up to 95% yields with very high relative (>99 : 1 dr) and absolute stereochemistry (up to 98 : 2 er) control. The preliminary mechanistic investigations suggested that the critical mechanistic steps involved light-mediated controlled low-valent cobalt complex generation, oxidative ene-ene cyclization, and protonation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamata Maiti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India.
| | - Sayan K Jana
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India.
| | - Biplab Maji
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India.
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17
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Korpusik AB, Adili A, Bhatt K, Anatot JE, Seidel D, Sumerlin BS. Degradation of Polyacrylates by One-Pot Sequential Dehydrodecarboxylation and Ozonolysis. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:10480-10485. [PMID: 37155970 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c02497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
We establish a synthetically convenient method to degrade polyacrylate homopolymers. Carboxylic acids are installed along the polymer backbone by partial hydrolysis of the ester side chains, and then, in a one-pot sequential procedure, the carboxylic acids are converted into alkenes and oxidatively cleaved. This process enables the robustness and properties of polyacrylates to be maintained during their usable lifetime. The ability to tune the degree of degradation was demonstrated by varying the carboxylic acid content of the polymers. This method is compatible with a wide range of polymers prepared from vinyl monomers through copolymerization of acrylic acid with different monomers including acrylates, acrylamides, and styrenics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angie B Korpusik
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Alafate Adili
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Kamal Bhatt
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Jacqueline E Anatot
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Daniel Seidel
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Brent S Sumerlin
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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18
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Bhaduri N, Pawar AB. Redox-neutral C-H annulation strategies for the synthesis of heterocycles via high-valent Cp*Co(III) catalysis. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:3918-3941. [PMID: 37128760 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00133d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A variety of biologically active molecules, pharmaceuticals, and natural products consist of a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic backbone. The majority of them are isoquinolones, indoles, isoquinolines, etc.; thereby the synthesis and derivatization of such heterocycles are synthetically very relevant. Also, certain naphthol derivatives have high synthetic utility as agrochemicals and in dye industries. Previous approaches have utilized ruthenium, rhodium, or iridium which may not be desirable due to the high toxicity, low abundance, and high cost of such 4d and 5d metals. Moreover, the need for an external oxidant during the reaction also adds by-products to the system. A high-valent cobalt-catalyzed redox-neutral C-H functionalization strategy has emerged to be a far better alternative in this regard. The use of the non-noble metal cobalt allows for selectivity and specificity in product formation. Also, the redox-neutral concept avoids the use of an external oxidant either due to the presence of a metal in a non-variable oxidation state throughout the catalytic cycle or due to the presence of an oxidizing directing group or an oxidizing coupling partner. Such an oxidizing directing group not only directs the catalyst to a specific reaction site by chelation but also regenerates the catalyst at the end of the cycle. Certain bonds such as N-O, N-N, N-Cl, N-S, and C-S are the main game-players behind the oxidizing property of such directing groups. In the other case, the directing group only chelates the catalyst to a reaction center, whereas the oxidation is carried out by the upcoming group/coupling partner. Overall, merging the redox-neutral concept with the high-valent cobalt catalysis is paving the way forward toward a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach. This review critically describes the mechanistic understanding, scope, limitations, and synthesis of various biologically relevant heterocycles via the redox-neutral concept in the high-valent Cp*Co(III)-catalyzed C-H functionalization chemistry domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilanjan Bhaduri
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, 175005, India.
| | - Amit B Pawar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, 175005, India.
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19
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You CM, Huang C, Tang S, Xiao P, Wang S, Wei Z, Lei A, Cai H. N-Allylation of Azoles with Hydrogen Evolution Enabled by Visible-Light Photocatalysis. Org Lett 2023; 25:1722-1726. [PMID: 36869877 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Direct N-allylation of azoles with hydrogen evolution has been achieved through the synergistic combination of organic photocatalysis and cobalt catalysis. The protocol bypasses stoichiometric oxidants and prefunctionalization of alkenes and produces hydrogen (H2) as the byproduct. This transformation highlights high step- and atom-economy, high efficiency, and broad functional group tolerance for further derivatization, which opens a door for C-N bond formation that is valuable in heterocyclic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Ming You
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, P. R. China
| | - Peng Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, P. R. China
| | - Shengchun Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhong Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, P. R. China
| | - Aiwen Lei
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, P. R. China
| | - Hu Cai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, P. R. China
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20
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Ding J, Luo S, Xu Y, An Q, Yang Y, Zuo Z. Selective oxidation of benzylic alcohols via synergistic bisphosphonium and cobalt catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:4055-4058. [PMID: 36929170 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc00532a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
A synergistic photocatalytic system using a bisphosphonium catalyst and a cobalt catalyst has been developed, enabling the selective oxidation of benzylic alcohols under oxidant-free and environmentally benign conditions. High efficiencies have been obtained for a variety of alcohol substrates, and exclusive selectivity for aldehyde products has been achieved across the board. Furthermore, this photocatalytic system proved to be efficient when performed under continuous-flow conditions, even using a simple and easily assembled continuous-flow setup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Ding
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Shuaishuai Luo
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Yuanli Xu
- Innovation Center for Chenguang High Performance Fluorine Material, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry of Sichuan Institutes of Higher Education, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, CN 643000, China
| | - Qing An
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Innovation Center for Chenguang High Performance Fluorine Material, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry of Sichuan Institutes of Higher Education, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, CN 643000, China
| | - Zhiwei Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
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21
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Jiang H, He XK, Jiang X, Zhao W, Lu LQ, Cheng Y, Xiao WJ. Photoinduced Cobalt-Catalyzed Desymmetrization of Dialdehydes to Access Axial Chirality. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:6944-6952. [PMID: 36920031 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c00462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Enantioselective metallaphotoredox catalysis, which combines photoredox catalysis and asymmetric transition-metal catalysis, has become an effective approach to achieve stereoconvergence under mild conditions. Although many impressive synthetic approaches have been developed to access central chirality, the construction of axial chirality by metallaphotoredox catalysis still remains underexplored. Herein, we report two visible light-induced cobalt-catalyzed asymmetric reductive couplings of biaryl dialdehydes to synthesize axially chiral aldehydes (60 examples, up to 98% yield, >19:1 dr, and >99% ee). This protocol shows good functional group tolerance, broad substrate scope, and excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Jiang
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Kui He
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Jiang
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhao
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Liang-Qiu Lu
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China.,Wuhan Institute of Photochemistry and Technology, 7 Bingang North Road, Wuhan 430083, P. R. China
| | - Ying Cheng
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China.,Wuhan Institute of Photochemistry and Technology, 7 Bingang North Road, Wuhan 430083, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Jing Xiao
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China.,Wuhan Institute of Photochemistry and Technology, 7 Bingang North Road, Wuhan 430083, P. R. China
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22
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Fan Y, Zheng H, Labalme S, Lin W. Molecular Engineering of Metal-Organic Layers for Sustainable Tandem and Synergistic Photocatalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:4158-4165. [PMID: 36753526 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic layers (MOLs), a monolayered version of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), have recently emerged as a novel two-dimensional molecular material platform to design multifunctional catalysts. MOLs inherit the intrinsic molecular tunability of MOFs and yet have more accessible and modifiable building blocks. Here we report molecular engineering of six MOLs via modulated solvothermal synthesis between HfCl4 and three photosensitizing ligands followed by postsynthetic modification with two carboxylate-containing cobaloximes for tandem and synergistic photocatalysis. Morphological and structural characterization by transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy and compositional analysis by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy establish the MOLs as flat nanoplates with a periodic lattice structure of hexagonal symmetry. The MOLs efficiently catalyze tandem dehydrogenative coupling reactions and synergistic Heck-type coupling reactions. The most active MOL catalyst was used for the gram-scale synthesis of vesnarinone, a cardiotonic agent, in 80% yield with a turnover number of 400 and in eight consecutive reaction cycles without significant loss of activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Fan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Haifeng Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Steven Labalme
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Wenbin Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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23
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Desai B, Uppuluru A, Dey A, Deshpande N, Dholakiya BZ, Sivaramakrishna A, Naveen T, Padala K. The recent advances in cobalt-catalyzed C(sp 3)-H functionalization reactions. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:673-699. [PMID: 36602117 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01936a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decades, reactions involving C-H functionalization have become a hot theme in organic transformations because they have a lot of potential for the streamlined synthesis of complex molecules. C(sp3)-H bonds are present in most organic species. Since organic molecules have massive significance in various aspects of life, the exploitation and functionalization of C(sp3)-H bonds hold enormous importance. In recent years, the first-row transition metal-catalyzed direct and selective functionalization of C-H bonds has emerged as a simple and environmentally friendly synthetic method due to its low cost, unique reactivity profiles and easy availability. Therefore, research advancements are being made to conceive catalytic systems that foster direct C(sp3)-H functionalization under benign reaction conditions. Cobalt-based catalysts offer mild and convenient reaction conditions at a reasonable expense compared to conventional 2nd and 3rd-row transition metal catalysts. Consequently, the probing of Co-based catalysts for C(sp3)-H functionalization is one of the hot topics from the outlook of an organic chemist. This review primarily focuses on the literature from 2018 to 2022 and sheds light on the substrate scope, selectivity, benefits and limitations of cobalt catalysts for organic transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhargav Desai
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat, Gujarat-395 007, India.
| | - Ajay Uppuluru
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Science, Vellore Institute of Technology, Katpadi, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
| | - Ashutosh Dey
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Science, Vellore Institute of Technology, Katpadi, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
| | - Neha Deshpande
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat, Gujarat-395 007, India.
| | - Bharatkumar Z Dholakiya
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat, Gujarat-395 007, India.
| | - Akella Sivaramakrishna
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Science, Vellore Institute of Technology, Katpadi, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
| | - Togati Naveen
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat, Gujarat-395 007, India.
| | - Kishor Padala
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Science, Vellore Institute of Technology, Katpadi, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India. .,Central Tribal University of Andhra Pradesh, Kondakarakam Village, Cantonment, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh, 535003, India
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24
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Abstract
The emergence of modern photocatalysis, characterized by mildness and selectivity, has significantly spurred innovative late-stage C-H functionalization approaches that make use of low energy photons as a controllable energy source. Compared to traditional late-stage functionalization strategies, photocatalysis paves the way toward complementary and/or previously unattainable regio- and chemoselectivities. Merging the compelling benefits of photocatalysis with the late-stage functionalization workflow offers a potentially unmatched arsenal to tackle drug development campaigns and beyond. This Review highlights the photocatalytic late-stage C-H functionalization strategies of small-molecule drugs, agrochemicals, and natural products, classified according to the targeted C-H bond and the newly formed one. Emphasis is devoted to identifying, describing, and comparing the main mechanistic scenarios. The Review draws a critical comparison between established ionic chemistry and photocatalyzed radical-based manifolds. The Review aims to establish the current state-of-the-art and illustrate the key unsolved challenges to be addressed in the future. The authors aim to introduce the general readership to the main approaches toward photocatalytic late-stage C-H functionalization, and specialist practitioners to the critical evaluation of the current methodologies, potential for improvement, and future uncharted directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bellotti
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149Münster, Germany
| | - Huan-Ming Huang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 201210Shanghai, China
| | - Teresa Faber
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149Münster, Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149Münster, Germany
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25
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Suzuki A, Kamei Y, Yamashita M, Seino Y, Yamaguchi Y, Yoshino T, Kojima M, Matsunaga S. Photocatalytic Deuterium Atom Transfer Deuteration of Electron-Deficient Alkenes with High Functional Group Tolerance. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214433. [PMID: 36394187 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Due to its mild reaction conditions and unique chemoselectivity, hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) hydrogenation represents an indispensable method for the synthesis of complex molecules. Its analog using deuterium, deuterium atom transfer (DAT) deuteration, is expected to enable access to complex deuterium-labeled compounds. However, DAT deuteration has been scarcely studied for synthetic purposes, and a method that possesses the favorable characteristics of HAT hydrogenations has remained elusive. Herein, we report a protocol for the photocatalytic DAT deuteration of electron-deficient alkenes. In contrast to the previous DAT deuteration, this method tolerates a variety of synthetically useful functional groups including haloarenes. The late-stage deuteration also allows access to deuterated amino acids as well as donepezil-d2 . Thus, this work demonstrates the potential of DAT chemistry to become the alternative method of choice for preparing deuterium-containing molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Suzuki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yuji Kamei
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Masaaki Yamashita
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yusuke Seino
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yuto Yamaguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Yoshino
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.,Global Station for Biosurfaces and Drug Discovery, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kojima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Shigeki Matsunaga
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.,Global Station for Biosurfaces and Drug Discovery, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
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26
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Sarkar S, Banerjee A, Ngai MY. Synthesis of Ketonylated Carbocycles via Excited-State Copper-Catalyzed Radical Carbo-Aroylation of Unactivated Alkenes. ChemCatChem 2023; 15:e202201128. [PMID: 38105796 PMCID: PMC10723085 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202201128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Carbocycles are core skeletons in natural and synthetic organic compounds possessing a wide diversity of important biological activities. Herein, we report the development of an excited-state copper-catalyzed radical carbo-aroylation of unactivated alkenes to synthesize ketonylated tetralins, di- and tetrahydrophenanthrenes, and cyclopentane derivatives. The reaction is operationally simple and features mild reaction conditions that tolerate a broad range of functional groups. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest a reaction pathway beginning with photoexcitation of [CuI-BINAP]2 and followed by a single electron transfer (SET), radical aroylation of unactivated alkenes, radical cyclization, and re-aromatization, affording the desired ketonylated carbocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satavisha Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - Arghya Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - Ming-Yu Ngai
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
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27
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Gu ZY, Li WD, Li YL, Cui K, Xia JB. Selective Reductive Coupling of Vinyl Azaarenes and Alkynes via Photoredox Cobalt Dual Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202213281. [PMID: 36178079 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202213281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A visible light-induced Co-catalyzed highly regio- and stereoselective reductive coupling of vinyl azaarenes and alkynes has been developed. Notably, Hünig's base together with simple ethanol has been successfully applied as the hydrogen sources instead of commonly used Hantzsch esters in this catalytic photoredox reaction. This approach has considerable advantages for the straightforward synthesis of stereodefined multiple substituted alkenes bearing an azaarene motif, such as excellent regioselectivity (>20 : 1 for >30 examples) and stereoselectivity (>20 : 1 E/Z), broad substrate scope and good functional group compatibility under mild reaction conditions, which has been utilized in the concise synthesis of natural product monomorine I. A reasonable catalytic reaction pathway involving protolysis of the cobaltacyclopentene intermediate has been proposed based on the mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Yang Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,College of Textiles and Clothing, Key Laboratory for Advanced Technology in Environmental Protection of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224003, China
| | - Wen-Duo Li
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yan-Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Kun Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Ji-Bao Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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28
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Li JL, Yang XL, Shen S, Niu X. Synthesis of 10-Phenanthrenols via Photosensitized Triplet Energy Transfer, Photoinduced Electron Transfer, and Cobalt Catalysis. J Org Chem 2022; 87:16458-16472. [PMID: 36441578 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Due to the inert redox activity and high triplet energy, radical chemistry of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds usually requires prefunctionalization substrates, external oxidant, and high-energy UV light. Here, we report a visible-light-driven photocatalyst/cobaloxime system composed of a photosensitized energy transfer reaction (PEnT) and photoinduced electron transfer reaction (PET) and with an interrupted 6π-photocyclization/dehydrogenative aromatization in one pot to synthesize 10-phenanthrenols. Preliminary mechanistic studies revealed that fac-Ir(ppy)3 plays the dual roles of energy transfer catalysis for photocycloaddition via 1,2-biradical intermediates of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds and photoredox/cobaloxime catalysis dehydrogenative aromatization of 1,4-biradical rather than the intermediates via 6π photocyclization in the tandem reaction. In contrast to previous well-established radical chemistry of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, we provide a new strategy for the activation of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds under visible light catalysis, affording a novel cyclization strategy with extremely high atom economy for the synthesis of 10-phenanthrenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education and College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P. R. China
| | - Xiu-Long Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education and College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P. R. China
| | - Shigang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education and College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoying Niu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education and College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P. R. China.,Postdoctoral Research Station of Chemistry Affiliated College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P. R. China
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29
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Wang XY, He YQ, Wang M, Zhou Y, Li N, Song XR, Zhou ZZ, Tian WF, Xiao Q. Visible-light-driven proton reduction for semi-hydrogenation of alkynes via organophotoredox/manganese dual catalysis. RSC Adv 2022; 12:36138-36141. [PMID: 36545070 PMCID: PMC9761695 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07920h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Described here is a unprecedented organophotoredox/manganese dual catalyzed proton reduction and its application for semi-reduction of alkynes. The catalytic active pre-catalyst [Mn-1] can be feasibly be prepared on gram-scale from Mn(acac)2·2H2O in air. This dual catalytic protocol features noble-metal-free catalysts, simple ligand, and mild conditions. Besides, a unique ortho-halogen and -hydroxyl effect was observed to achieve high Z-stereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal UniversityNanchang330013P. R. China
| | - Yong-Qin He
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang UniversityNanchang330006P. R. China
| | - Mei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal UniversityNanchang330013P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal UniversityNanchang330013P. R. China
| | - Na Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang UniversityNanchang330006P. R. China
| | - Xian-Rong Song
- Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal UniversityNanchang330013P. R. China
| | - Zhao-Zhao Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Food Science, Nanchang Normal UniversityNanchangP. R. China
| | - Wan-Fa Tian
- Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal UniversityNanchang330013P. R. China
| | - Qiang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal UniversityNanchang330013P. R. China
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30
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Cui K, Li YL, Li G, Xia JB. Regio- and Stereoselective Reductive Coupling of Alkynes and Crotononitrile. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:23001-23009. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 21181, China
| | - Yan-Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Gongqiang Li
- Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 21181, China
| | - Ji-Bao Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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31
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Sarkar S, Banerjee A, Shah JA, Mukherjee U, Frederiks NC, Johnson CJ, Ngai MY. Excited-State Copper-Catalyzed [4 + 1] Annulation Reaction Enables Modular Synthesis of α,β-Unsaturated-γ-Lactams. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:20884-20894. [PMID: 36326178 PMCID: PMC9754811 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of α,β-unsaturated-γ-lactams continue to attract attention due to the importance of this structural motif in organic chemistry. Herein, we report the development of a visible-light-induced excited-state copper-catalyzed [4 + 1] annulation reaction for the preparation of a wide range of γ-H, -OH, and -OR-substituted α,β-unsaturated-γ-lactams using acrylamides as the 4-atom unit and aroyl chlorides as the 1-atom unit. This modular synthetic protocol features mild reaction conditions, broad substrate scope, and high functional group tolerance. The reaction is amenable to late-stage diversification of complex molecular architectures, including derivatives of marketed drugs. The products of the reaction can serve as versatile building blocks for further derivatization. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest an inner-sphere catalytic cycle involving photoexcitation of the Cu(BINAP) catalyst, single-electron transfer, and capture of radical intermediates by copper species, followed by reductive elimination or protonation to give the desired γ-functionalized α,β-unsaturated-γ-lactams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satavisha Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York, 11794-3400, USA
| | - Arghya Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York, 11794-3400, USA
| | - Jagrut A. Shah
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York, 11794-3400, USA
| | - Upasana Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York, 11794-3400, USA
| | - Nicoline C. Frederiks
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York, 11794-3400, USA
| | - Christopher J. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York, 11794-3400, USA
| | - Ming-Yu Ngai
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York, 11794-3400, USA
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York, 11794-3400 USA
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32
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Dual photoredox and cobalt catalysis enpowers site-selective allylic amination. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2022.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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33
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Adili A, Korpusik AB, Seidel D, Sumerlin BS. Photocatalytic Direct Decarboxylation of Carboxylic Acids to Derivatize or Degrade Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202209085. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202209085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alafate Adili
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds Department of Chemistry University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
| | - Angie B. Korpusik
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering Department of Chemistry University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
| | - Daniel Seidel
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds Department of Chemistry University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
| | - Brent S. Sumerlin
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering Department of Chemistry University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
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34
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Ren C, Ji G, Li X, Zhang J. Direct Synthesis of Adipic Esters and Adiponitrile via Photoassisted Cobalt‐Catalyzed Alkene Hydrodimerization. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201442. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Ren
- The Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan University 299 Bayi Rd 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Guanghao Ji
- The Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan University 299 Bayi Rd 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Xiankai Li
- The Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan University 299 Bayi Rd 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan University 299 Bayi Rd 430072 Wuhan P. R. China
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35
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36
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Adili A, Korpusik AB, Seidel D, Sumerlin BS. Photocatalytic Direct Decarboxylation of Carboxylic Acids to Derivatize or Degrade Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202209085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alafate Adili
- University of Florida Department of Chemistry Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Angie B. Korpusik
- University of Florida Department of Chemistry Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Daniel Seidel
- University of Florida Department of Chemistry Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Brent S. Sumerlin
- University of Florida Department of Chemistry PO Box 117200 FL 32611-7200 Gainesville UNITED STATES
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37
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Ben-Tal Y, Lloyd-Jones GC. Kinetics of a Ni/Ir-Photocatalyzed Coupling of ArBr with RBr: Intermediacy of ArNi II(L)Br and Rate/Selectivity Factors. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:15372-15382. [PMID: 35969479 PMCID: PMC9413222 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c06831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The Ni/Ir-photocatalyzed coupling of an aryl bromide
(ArBr) with
an alkyl bromide (RBr) has been analyzed using in situ LED-19F NMR spectroscopy. Four components (light, [ArBr],
[Ni], [Ir]) are found to control the rate of ArBr consumption, but
not the product selectivity, while two components ([(TMS)3SiH], [RBr]) independently control the product selectivity, but not
the rate. A major resting state of nickel has been identified as ArNiII(L)Br, and 13C-isotopic entrainment is used to
show that the complex undergoes Ir-photocatalyzed conversion to products
(Ar-R, Ar-H, Ar-solvent) in competition with the release of ArBr.
A range of competing absorption and quenching effects lead to complex
correlations between the Ir and Ni catalyst loadings and the reaction
rate. Differences in the Ir/Ni Beer–Lambert absorption profiles
allow the rate to be increased by the use of a shorter-wavelength
light source without compromising the selectivity. A minimal kinetic
model for the process allows simulation of the reaction and provides
insights for optimization of these processes in the laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Ben-Tal
- EaStChem, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - Guy C Lloyd-Jones
- EaStChem, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K
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38
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Juliá F. Ligand‐to‐Metal Charge Transfer (LMCT) Photochemistry at 3d‐Metal Complexes: An Emerging Tool for Sustainable Organic Synthesis. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202200916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Juliá
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia: Institut Catala d'Investigacio Quimica Chemistry Av Paisos Catalans, 16 43007 Tarragona SPAIN
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39
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Kumar S, Nair AM, Volla CMR. Dual Photoredox Cobalt Catalyzed [4+1] Annulation and C-H Alkoxylation. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200801. [PMID: 35939065 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we developed two distinct pyridine N-oxide directed C-H activation protocols to achieve [4+1] annulation and alkoxylation of benzamide derivatives by merging Co-catalysis with visible light photoredox catalysis. The protocols deliver the respective products in good yields under facile conditions at room temperature. The use of cheap photocatalyst coupled with molecular oxygen bypassing the need of stoichiometric oxidants forms the chief highlight of the work. The protocols are scalable and the products could be further modified. Additionally, preliminary studies were carried out to probe the reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreemoyee Kumar
- IIT Bombay: Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Department of Chemistry, INDIA
| | - Akshay M Nair
- IIT Bombay: Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Department of Chemistry, INDIA
| | - Chandra M R Volla
- IIT-Bombay, Chemistry, Lab no. 418B, 3rd FLOOR, DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY, INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY BOMBAY, Lab no. 418B, 3rd FLOOR, DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY, INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY BOMBAY, 400076, POWAI, MUMBAI, INDIA
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40
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Ballav T, Chakrabortty R, Das A, Ghosh S, Ganesh V. Palladium‐Catalyzed Dual Catalytic Synthesis of Heterocycles. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamal Ballav
- IIT Kharagpur: Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Chemistry INDIA
| | | | - Aniruddha Das
- IIT Kharagpur: Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Chemistry INDIA
| | - Suman Ghosh
- IIT Kharagpur: Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Chemistry INDIA
| | - Venkataraman Ganesh
- IIT Kharagpur: Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Chemistry Department of Chemistry,Indian Institute Technology Kharagpur 721302 Kharagpur INDIA
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41
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Wang C, Azofra LM, Dam P, Sebek M, Steinfeldt N, Rabeah J, El-Sepelgy O. Catalytic Desaturation of Aliphatic Amides and Imides Enabled by Excited-State Base-Metal Catalysis. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c01723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Wang
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Luis Miguel Azofra
- Instituto de Estudios Ambientales y Recursos Naturales (i-UNAT), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Campus de Tafira, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Phong Dam
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Michael Sebek
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Norbert Steinfeldt
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Jabor Rabeah
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Osama El-Sepelgy
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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42
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Zhang X, Wang T, Cui S, Li L, Zheng Z, Mi C, Lin B, Ren X, He X. Design of Photosensitive Cobalt Complex Intermediates and Their Application in the Green Syntheses of Molecules Containing the Quinazolin-4(3 H)-imine Scaffold. J Org Chem 2022; 87:8303-8315. [PMID: 35709489 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cobalt/photoredox cooperative catalysis is a well-explored technology for visible-light photoredox catalysis. Recently, the photosensitivity of Co(II) complexes in homogeneous catalysis has aroused the interest of scientists. In this study, photosensitive Co(II) complex intermediates were designed to develop new synthetic methods. These intermediates, consisting of Co(II) and two substrate molecules, bind to O2 and absorb visible light over a wide spectral range, triggering in situ oxidative decarboxylation to produce molecules containing the quinazolin-4(3H)-imine scaffold. These reactions employed glyoxylic acid and ketoacids as new building blocks, and good to excellent yields of the corresponding products were obtained under mild reaction conditions using green and inexpensive reagents and solvents. These results are of importance since the design of Co-based photosensitive intermediates will aid in establishing novel methods for harnessing visible light and hence lead to innovation in organic syntheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Tianzhao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Shisheng Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Lei Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhibing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Chunlai Mi
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Bin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xuhong Ren
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xinhua He
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China
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43
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Xie S, Wang H, Wang Y, Yang Q, Zhu H. Visible‐light‐induced Catalyzed Dehydrogenative Coupling of Quinoxalin‐2(1
H
)‐ones with Azoles Using Carbon Nitride. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shihua Xie
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Nanjing Tech University 211816 Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Nanjing Tech University 211816 Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Nanjing Tech University 211816 Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Qifan Yang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Nanjing Tech University 211816 Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Hongjun Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Nanjing Tech University 211816 Nanjing P. R. China
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44
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Barata‐Vallejo S, Yerien DE, Postigo A. Bioinspired Photocatalyzed Organic Synthetic Transformations. The Use of Natural Pigments and Vitamins in Photocatalysis. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202200623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Barata‐Vallejo
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica Universidad de Buenos Aires Junin 954 CP 1113- Buenos Aires Argentina
- Istituto per la Sintesis Organica e la Fotorreattivita, ISOF Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Via P. Gobetti 101 40129 Bologna Italy
| | - Damian E. Yerien
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica Universidad de Buenos Aires Junin 954 CP 1113- Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Al Postigo
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica Universidad de Buenos Aires Junin 954 CP 1113- Buenos Aires Argentina
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45
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Limburg B, Cristòfol À, Kleij AW. Decoding Key Transient Inter-Catalyst Interactions in a Reductive Metallaphotoredox-Catalyzed Allylation Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:10912-10920. [PMID: 35675904 PMCID: PMC9228067 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Metallaphotoredox chemistry has recently witnessed a surge in interest within the field of synthetic organic chemistry through the use of abundant first-row transition metals combined with suitable photocatalysts. The intricate details arising from the combination of two (or more) catalytic components during the reaction and especially the inter-catalyst interactions remain poorly understood. As a representative example of a catalytic process featuring such intricacies, we here present a meticulous study of the mechanism of a cobalt-organophotoredox catalyzed allylation of aldehydes. Importantly, the commonly proposed elementary steps in reductive metallaphotoredox chemistry are more complex than previously assumed. After initial reductive quenching, a transient charge-transfer complex forms that interacts with both the transition-metal catalyst and the catalytic base. Surprisingly, the former interaction leads to deactivation due to induced charge recombination, while the latter promotes deprotonation of the electron donor, which is the crucial step to initiate productive catalysis but is often neglected. Due to the low efficiency of this latter process, the overall catalytic reaction is photon-limited and the cobalt catalyst remains in a dual resting state, awaiting photoinduced reduction. These new insights are of general importance to the synthetic community, as metallaphotoredox chemistry has become a powerful tool used in the formation of elusive compounds through carbon-carbon bond formations. Understanding the underlying aspects that determine the efficiency of such reactions provides a conceptually stronger reactivity paradigm to empower future approaches to synthetic challenges that rely on dual metallaphotoredox catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Limburg
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Àlex Cristòfol
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Arjan W Kleij
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Catalan Institute of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Pg. Lluïs Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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Selective visible-light photocatalysis of acetylene to ethylene using a cobalt molecular catalyst and water as a proton source. Nat Chem 2022; 14:1007-1012. [PMID: 35681045 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-022-00966-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The production of polymers from ethylene requires the ethylene feed to be sufficiently purified of acetylene contaminant. Accomplishing this task by thermally hydrogenating acetylene requires a high temperature, an external feed of H2 gas and noble-metal catalysts. It is not only expensive and energy-intensive, but also prone to overhydrogenating to ethane. Here we report a photocatalytic system that reduces acetylene to ethylene with ≥99% selectivity under both non-competitive (no ethylene co-feed) and competitive (ethylene co-feed) conditions, and near 100% conversion under the latter industrially relevant conditions. Our system uses a molecular catalyst based on earth-abundant cobalt operating under ambient conditions and sensitized by either [Ru(bpy)3]2+ or an inexpensive organic semiconductor (metal-free mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride) under visible light. These features and the use of water as a proton source offer advantages over current hydrogenation technologies with respect to selectivity and sustainability.
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48
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Jiang X, Jiang H, Yang Q, Cheng Y, Lu LQ, Tunge JA, Xiao WJ. Photoassisted Cobalt-Catalyzed Asymmetric Reductive Grignard-Type Addition of Aryl Iodides. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:8347-8354. [PMID: 35481388 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Grignard addition is one of the most important methods used for syntheses of alcohol compounds and has been known for over a hundred years. However, research on asymmetric catalysis relies on the use of organometallic nucleophiles. Here, we report the first visible-light-induced cobalt-catalyzed asymmetric reductive Grignard-type addition for synthesizing chiral benzyl alcohols (>50 examples, up to 99% yield, and 99% ee). This methodology has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, good functionality tolerance, excellent enantiocontrol, the avoidance of mass metal wastes, and the use of precious metal catalysts. Kinetic realization studies suggested that migratory insertion of an aryl cobalt species into the aldehyde was the rate-determining step of the reductive addition reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Jiang
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Hao Jiang
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Qian Yang
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Ying Cheng
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Liang-Qiu Lu
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P. R. China
| | - Jon A Tunge
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Rd., Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Wen-Jing Xiao
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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49
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Nakagawa M, Matsuki Y, Nagao K, Ohmiya H. A Triple Photoredox/Cobalt/Brønsted Acid Catalysis Enabling Markovnikov Hydroalkoxylation of Unactivated Alkenes. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:7953-7959. [PMID: 35476545 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c00527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate Markovnikov hydroalkoxylation of unactivated alkenes using alcohols through a triple catalysis consisting of photoredox, cobalt, and Brønsted acid catalysts under visible light irradiation. The triple catalysis realizes three key elementary steps in a single catalytic cycle: (1) Co(III) hydride generation by photochemical reduction of Co(II) followed by protonation, (2) metal hydride hydrogen atom transfer (MHAT) of alkenes by Co(III) hydride, and (3) oxidation of the alkyl Co(III) complex to alkyl Co(IV). The precise control of protons and electrons by the three catalysts allows the elimination of strong acids and external reductants/oxidants that are required in the conventional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanari Nakagawa
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yuki Matsuki
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Kazunori Nagao
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Ohmiya
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.,JST, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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Bajya KR, Sermadurai S. Dual Photoredox and Cobalt Catalysis Enabled Transformations. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Selvakumar Sermadurai
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore Chemistry Khandwa road Simrol 453552 Indore INDIA
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