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Eastwood N, Zhou J, Derelle R, Abdallah MAE, Stubbings WA, Jia Y, Crawford SE, Davidson TA, Colbourne JK, Creer S, Bik H, Hollert H, Orsini L. 100 years of anthropogenic impact causes changes in freshwater functional biodiversity. eLife 2023; 12:RP86576. [PMID: 37933221 PMCID: PMC10629823 DOI: 10.7554/elife.86576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite efforts from scientists and regulators, biodiversity is declining at an alarming rate. Unless we find transformative solutions to preserve biodiversity, future generations may not be able to enjoy nature's services. We have developed a conceptual framework that establishes the links between biodiversity dynamics and abiotic change through time and space using artificial intelligence. Here, we apply this framework to a freshwater ecosystem with a known history of human impact and study 100 years of community-level biodiversity, climate change and chemical pollution trends. We apply explainable network models with multimodal learning to community-level functional biodiversity measured with multilocus metabarcoding, to establish correlations with biocides and climate change records. We observed that the freshwater community assemblage and functionality changed over time without returning to its original state, even if the lake partially recovered in recent times. Insecticides and fungicides, combined with extreme temperature events and precipitation, explained up to 90% of the functional biodiversity changes. The community-level biodiversity approach used here reliably explained freshwater ecosystem shifts. These shifts were not observed when using traditional quality indices (e.g. Trophic Diatom Index). Our study advocates the use of high-throughput systemic approaches on long-term trends over species-focused ecological surveys to identify the environmental factors that cause loss of biodiversity and disrupt ecosystem functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niamh Eastwood
- Environmental Genomics Group, School of Biosciences, University of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Jiarui Zhou
- Environmental Genomics Group, School of Biosciences, University of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Romain Derelle
- Environmental Genomics Group, School of Biosciences, University of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | | | - William A Stubbings
- Environmental Genomics Group, School of Biosciences, University of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
- School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Yunlu Jia
- Department Evolutionary Ecology & Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Goethe University FrankfurtFrankfurtGermany
| | - Sarah E Crawford
- Department Evolutionary Ecology & Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Goethe University FrankfurtFrankfurtGermany
| | - Thomas A Davidson
- Lake Group, Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - John K Colbourne
- Environmental Genomics Group, School of Biosciences, University of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Simon Creer
- School of Natural Sciences, Environment Centre Wales, Deiniol Road, Bangor UniversityBangorUnited Kingdom
| | - Holly Bik
- Department Marine Sciences and Institute of Bioinformatics, University of GeorgiaAthensUnited States
| | - Henner Hollert
- Department Evolutionary Ecology & Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Goethe University FrankfurtFrankfurtGermany
- LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE‐TBG)FrankfurtGermany
- Department Media-related Toxicology, Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME)FrankfurtGermany
| | - Luisa Orsini
- Environmental Genomics Group, School of Biosciences, University of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
- The Alan Turing Institute, British LibraryLondonUnited Kingdom
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2
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Rabett RJ, Morimoto R, Kahlert T, Stimpson CM, O’Donnell S, Mai Huong NT, Manh BV, Holmes R, Khánh PS, Van TT, Coward F. Prehistoric pathways to Anthropocene adaptation: Evidence from the Red River Delta, Vietnam. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280126. [PMID: 36753481 PMCID: PMC9907861 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past twenty years, government advisory bodies have placed increasing emphasis on the need for adaptive measures in response to the effects of human-induced climate change. Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs), which incorporate macroeconomic and climate variables, feature prominently in advisory content, though they rarely draw on data from outside strictly constrained hypothetical systems. This has led to assertions that they are not well-suited to approximate complex systemic human-environment processes. Modular, interdisciplinary approaches have offered a way to address this shortcoming; however, beyond climate records, prehistoric data continue to be under-utilised in developing such models. In this paper we highlight the contribution that archaeology and palaeoecology can make to the development of the next generation IAMs that are expected to enhance provision for more local and pro-active adaptations to future climate change. We present data from one of Southeast Asia's most heavily developed river deltas: the Red River (Song Hong) Delta, in Vietnam and localised analysis from the Tràng An Landscape Complex World Heritage Site, on the delta's southern margin. Comparison is made between Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSP) 5-8.5 and SSP2-4.5 emission projection models and the Mid-Holocene inundation of the Red River Basin. We highlight the value to taking a scientific long view of coastal evolution through an illustrative set of eight research foci where palaeo-data can bring new and localised empirical data to bear on future risk management planning. We proceed to demonstrate the applicability of palaeoenvironmental, zooarchaeological and historical evidence to management and the development of sustainable conservation strategies using Tràng An as a case study. In so doing, we further highlight the importance of knowledge exchange between scientific, corporate, non-governmental, local, and state stakeholders to achieve tangible results on the ground.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J. Rabett
- Archaeology & Palaeoecology, School of Natural & Built Environment, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
- Institute for Hellenic Culture & the Liberal Arts, The American College of Greece, Athens, Greece
- * E-mail:
| | - Risa Morimoto
- Department of Economics, School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thorsten Kahlert
- Centre for Geographic Information Science and Geomatics, School of Natural & Built Environment, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | | | - Shawn O’Donnell
- Department of Geography & Environmental Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | | | - Bui Van Manh
- Department of Tourism, Ninh Bình City, Ninh Bình Province, Vietnam
| | - Rachael Holmes
- School of Geography, Geology & the Environment, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Phạm Sinh Khánh
- Tràng An Landscape Complex Management Board, Ninh Bình City, Ninh Bình Province, Vietnam
| | - Tran Tan Van
- Vietnam Institute of Geosciences & Mineral Resources, Ministry of Natural Resources & Environment, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Fiona Coward
- Department of Archaeology, Anthropology & Forensic Science, Faculty of Science & Technology Bournemouth University, Poole, Dorset, United Kingdom
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3
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Loughlin NJD, Gosling WD, Duivenvoorden JF, Cuesta F, Mothes P, Montoya E. Incorporating a palaeo-perspective into Andean montane forest restoration. FRONTIERS IN CONSERVATION SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fcosc.2022.980728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reference ecosystems used in tropical forest restoration lack the temporal dimension required to characterise a mature or intact vegetation community. Here we provide a practical ‘palaeo-reference ecosystem’ for the eastern Andean forests of Ecuador to complement the standard ‘reference ecosystem’ approach. Pollen assemblages from sedimentary archives recovered from Ecuadorian montane forests are binned into distinct time periods and characterised as 1) Ancient (pre-human arrival), 2) Pre-European (Indigenous cultivation), 3) Successional (European arrival/Indigenous depopulation), 4) Mature (diminished human population), 5) Deforested (re-colonisation), and 6) Modern (industrial agriculture). A multivariate statistical approach is then used to identify the most recent period in which vegetation can be characterised as mature. Detrended correspondence analysis indicates that the pollen spectra from CE 1718-1819 (time bin 4 – Mature (diminished human population)) is most similar to that of a pre-human arrival mature or intact state. The pollen spectra of this period are characterised by Melastomataceae, Fabaceae, Solanaceae and Weinmannia. The vegetation of the 1700s, therefore, provides the most recent phase of substantial mature vegetation that has undergone over a century of recovery, representing a practical palaeo-reference ecosystem. We propose incorporating palynological analyses of short cores spanning the last 500 years with botanical inventory data to achieve more realistic and long-term restoration goals.
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4
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Siakwah P, Torto O. Analysis of the Complexities in the Water-Energy-Food Nexus: Ghana's Bui Dam Experience. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.734675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The quest to improve the mired development challenges of developing economies at a global scale have in recent years constituted policy imprimatur of development discourse, including the role of national and local resources. “Nexus” is an ultra-prioritized integrative global development approach. It denotes connection(s) linking two or more phenomena or variables. It is therefore not surprising to witness of-the-moment approaches such as the development-security nexus, migration-development-security nexus, and water-energy nexus, among others. Particularly relevant to this article is the water-energy-food (WEF) nexus as an integrative strategy to tackle prosaic issues of industrialization, poverty reduction, food security, and ecological sustainability. Adopting a qualitative methodological approach, the article studies the Bui dam to elucidate how the nexus operates in a complex and tense environment. The central argument is that most analyses of WEF interventions, particularly from the mainstream development literature rarely interrogate complex politics of interest amongst the trident sectors (water, energy, and food). The dominant studies tend to dwell on the technical or instrumental aspects. But an understanding of the complex relationships at play needs a critical approach. Our key argument is that the WEF nexus is prominently embedded in complex historical systems that tend to counter-balance the hyper-deductive projected costs and benefits. It is critical to view the relations amongst the WEF from a non-linear and realistic perspective. WEF as an embodiment of a complex system helps us to understand the multi-level, contradictory, and diverse interests at play within, between, and across the systems. Even though the nexus operations on an assumption of seamless collaborative relations among and between institutions, agencies, and actors in the policy and program implementation space, an analysis of the Bui project in Ghana shows tensions, side-lining, and inter-role conflicts among the actors, where the energy sector actors weigh power and resources over other institutions and actors in the space to drive the nexus.
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5
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Cheddadi R, Taberlet P, Boyer F, Coissac E, Rhoujjati A, Urbach D, Remy C, Khater C, Antry S, Aoujdad J, Carré M, Ficetola GF. Priority conservation areas for
Cedrus atlantica
in the Atlas Mountains, Morocco. CONSERVATION SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.12680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rachid Cheddadi
- ISEM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD Montpellier France
| | - Pierre Taberlet
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA) Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS Grenoble France
| | - Frédéric Boyer
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA) Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS Grenoble France
| | - Eric Coissac
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA) Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS Grenoble France
| | - Ali Rhoujjati
- Laboratoire de Géoressources, Géoenvironnement et Génie Civil (L3G) Université Cadi Ayyad, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques. Marrakech Morocco
| | - Davnah Urbach
- Global Mountain Biodiversity Assessment (GMBA) Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Cécile Remy
- Institute of Geography, Augsburg University Augsburg Germany
| | - Carla Khater
- Center for Remote Sensing, National Council for Scientific Research Beyrouth Lebanon
| | - Salwa Antry
- Ministère de l'Agriculture, de la Pêche Maritime, du Développement Rural et des Eaux et Forêts, Département des Eaux et Forêts Centre de Recherche Forestière Rabat Morocco
| | - Jalila Aoujdad
- Ministère de l'Agriculture, de la Pêche Maritime, du Développement Rural et des Eaux et Forêts, Département des Eaux et Forêts Centre de Recherche Forestière Rabat Morocco
| | - Matthieu Carré
- Institut Pierre‐Simon Laplace‐Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat: Expérimentations et approches numériques, CNRS, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Muséum National d'Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Université (Pierre and Marie Curie University) Paris France
| | - Gentile Francesco Ficetola
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA) Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS Grenoble France
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy Università degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy
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6
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Muiruri V, Marchant R, Rucina SM, Scott L, Lane PJ. Late Holocene environmental change and anthropogenic: Ecosystem interaction on the Laikipia Plateau, Kenya. AMBIO 2022; 51:785-798. [PMID: 34136994 PMCID: PMC8800970 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-021-01554-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
East African ecosystems have been shaped by long-term socio-ecological-environmental interactions. Although much previous work on human-environment interrelationships have emphasised the negative impacts of human interventions, a growing body of work shows that there have also often been strong beneficial connections between people and ecosystems, especially in savanna environments. However, limited information and understanding of past interactions between humans and ecosystems of periods longer than a century hampers effective management of contemporary environments. Here, we present a late Holocene study of pollen, fern spore, fungal spore, and charcoal analyses from radiocarbon-dated sediment sequences and assess this record against archaeological and historical data to describe socio-ecological changes on the Laikipia Plateau in Rift Valley Province, Kenya. The results suggest a landscape characterised by closed forests between 2268 years before present (cal year BP) and 1615 cal year BP when there was a significant change to a more open woodland/grassland mosaic that continues to prevail across the study area. Increased amounts of charcoal in the sediment are observed for this same period, becoming particularly common from around 900 cal year BP associated with fungal spores commonly linked to the presence of herbivores. It is likely these trends reflect changes in land use management as pastoral populations improved and extended pasture, using fire to eradicate disease-prone habitats. Implications for contemporary land use management are discussed in the light of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Muiruri
- Palynology & Palaeobotany Section. Department of Earth Sciences, National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Rob Marchant
- Department of Environment and Geography, York Institute for Tropical Ecosystems, University of York, Heslington, York, North Yorkshire YO10 5NG UK
| | - Stephen M. Rucina
- Palynology & Palaeobotany Section. Department of Earth Sciences, National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Louis Scott
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Paul J. Lane
- Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3DZ UK
- School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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7
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Eastwood N, Stubbings WA, Abou-Elwafa Abdallah MA, Durance I, Paavola J, Dallimer M, Pantel JH, Johnson S, Zhou J, Hosking JS, Brown JB, Ullah S, Krause S, Hannah DM, Crawford SE, Widmann M, Orsini L. The Time Machine framework: monitoring and prediction of biodiversity loss. Trends Ecol Evol 2021; 37:138-146. [PMID: 34772522 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2021.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Transdisciplinary solutions are needed to achieve the sustainability of ecosystem services for future generations. We propose a framework to identify the causes of ecosystem function loss and to forecast the future of ecosystem services under different climate and pollution scenarios. The framework (i) applies an artificial intelligence (AI) time-series analysis to identify relationships among environmental change, biodiversity dynamics and ecosystem functions; (ii) validates relationships between loss of biodiversity and environmental change in fabricated ecosystems; and (iii) forecasts the likely future of ecosystem services and their socioeconomic impact under different pollution and climate scenarios. We illustrate the framework by applying it to watersheds, and provide system-level approaches that enable natural capital restoration by associating multidecadal biodiversity changes to chemical pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niamh Eastwood
- Environmental Genomics Group, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - William A Stubbings
- School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | | | - Isabelle Durance
- School of Biosciences and Water Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Jouni Paavola
- Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth & Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Martin Dallimer
- Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth & Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Jelena H Pantel
- Department of Computer Science, Mathematics, and Environmental Science, The American University of Paris, 6 rue du Colonel Combes, 75007 Paris, France
| | - Samuel Johnson
- School of Mathematics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK; The Alan Turing Institute, British Library, 96 Euston Road, London NW1 2DB, UK
| | - Jiarui Zhou
- Environmental Genomics Group, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - J Scott Hosking
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, CB3 0ET, UK; The Alan Turing Institute, British Library, 96 Euston Road, London NW1 2DB, UK
| | - James B Brown
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Sami Ullah
- School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK; Birmingham Institute of Forest Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Stephan Krause
- School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - David M Hannah
- School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Sarah E Crawford
- Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Department of Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438, Germany
| | - Martin Widmann
- School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Luisa Orsini
- Environmental Genomics Group, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK; The Alan Turing Institute, British Library, 96 Euston Road, London NW1 2DB, UK.
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8
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Watson VT, Medeiros AS. The value of paleolimnology in reconstructing and managing ecosystem vulnerability: a systematic map. Facets (Ott) 2021. [DOI: 10.1139/facets-2020-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vulnerability can measure an ecosystem’s susceptibility to change as a result of pressure or disturbance, but can be difficult to quantify. Reconstructions of past climate using paleolimnological methods can create a baseline to calibrate future projections of vulnerability, which can improve ecosystem management and conservation plans. Here, we conduct a systematic map to analyze the range and extent that paleolimnological published studies incorporated the concept of vulnerability. Additional themes of monitoring, management, conservation, restoration, or ecological integrity were also included. A total of 52 relevant unique articles were found, a majority of which were conducted in Europe or North America since 2011. Common themes identified included management and adaptation, with the latter heavily focussed on climate change or disturbance. From this, we can infer that the use of paleolimnology to discuss the concept of vulnerability is an emerging field. We argue that paleolimnology plays a valid role in the reconstruction of ecosystem vulnerability due to its capacity to broaden the scope of long-term monitoring, as well as its potential to help establish management and restoration plans. The use of paleolimnology in vulnerability analysis will provide a clearer lens of changes over time; therefore, it should be frequently implemented as a tool for vulnerability assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Theresa Watson
- School for Resource and Environmental Studies, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Andrew Scott Medeiros
- School for Resource and Environmental Studies, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
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9
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Floristic evidence for alternative biome states in tropical Africa. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:28183-28190. [PMID: 33109722 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2011515117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The idea that tropical forest and savanna are alternative states is crucial to how we manage these biomes and predict their future under global change. Large-scale empirical evidence for alternative stable states is limited, however, and comes mostly from the multimodal distribution of structural aspects of vegetation. These approaches have been criticized, as structure alone cannot separate out wetter savannas from drier forests for example, and there are also technical challenges to mapping vegetation structure in unbiased ways. Here, we develop an alternative approach to delimit the climatic envelope of the two biomes in Africa using tree species lists gathered for a large number of forest and savanna sites distributed across the continent. Our analyses confirm extensive climatic overlap of forest and savanna, supporting the alternative stable states hypothesis for Africa, and this result is corroborated by paleoecological evidence. Further, we find the two biomes to have highly divergent tree species compositions and to represent alternative compositional states. This allowed us to classify tree species as forest vs. savanna specialists, with some generalist species that span both biomes. In conjunction with georeferenced herbarium records, we mapped the forest and savanna distributions across Africa and quantified their environmental limits, which are primarily related to precipitation and seasonality, with a secondary contribution of fire. These results are important for the ongoing efforts to restore African ecosystems, which depend on accurate biome maps to set appropriate targets for the restored states but also provide empirical evidence for broad-scale bistability.
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10
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Haliuc A, Buczkó K, Hutchinson SM, Ács É, Magyari EK, Korponai J, Begy RC, Vasilache D, Zak M, Veres D. Climate and land-use as the main drivers of recent environmental change in a mid-altitude mountain lake, Romanian Carpathians. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239209. [PMID: 33002077 PMCID: PMC7529234 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent decades have been marked by unprecendented environmental changes which threaten the integrity of freshwater systems and their ecological value. Although most of these changes can be attributed to human activities, disentagling natural and anthropogenic drivers remains a challenge. In this study, surface sediments from Lake Ighiel, a mid-altitude site in the Carpathian Mts (Romania) were investigated following high-resolution sedimentological, geochemical, environmental magnetic and diatom analyses supported by historical cartographic and documentary evidence. Our results suggest that between 1920 and 1960 the study area experienced no significant anthropogenic impact. An excellent correspondence is observed between lake proxy responses (e.g., growth of submerged macrophytes, high detrital input, shifts in diatom assemblages) and parameters tracking natural hydroclimate variability (e.g., temperature, NAO). This highlights a dominant natural hydroclimatic control on the lacustrine system. From 1960 however, the depositional regime shifted markedly from laminated to homogenous clays; since then geochemical and magnetic data document a trend of significant (and on-going) subsurface erosion across the catchment. This is paralleled by a shift in lake ecosystem conditions denoting a strong response to an intensified anthropogenic impact, mainly through forestry. An increase in detrital input and marked changes in the diatom community are observed over the last three decades, alongside accelerated sedimentation rates following enhanced grazing and deforestation in the catchment. Recent shifts in diatom assemblages may also reflect forcing from atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition, a key recent drive of diatom community turnover in mountain lakes. In general, enhanced human pressure alongside intermittent hydroclimate forcing drastically altered the landscape around Lake Ighiel and thus, the sedimentation regime and the ecosystem’s health. However, paleoenvironmental signals tracking natural hydroclimate variability are also clearly discernible in the proxy data. Our work illustrates the complex link between the drivers of catchment-scale impacts on one hand, and lake proxy responses on the other, highlighting the importance of an integrated historical and palaeolimnological approach to better assess lake system changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aritina Haliuc
- Department of Atmospheric Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Praga, Czech Republic
- Romanian Young Academy, Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Centre for Ecological Research, GINOP Sustainable Ecosystems Group, Tihany, Hungary
- EPOC, UMR 5805, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
- * E-mail: (KB); (DV); (AH)
| | - Krisztina Buczkó
- Department of Botany, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Danube Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary
- * E-mail: (KB); (DV); (AH)
| | - Simon M. Hutchinson
- School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, Salford, United Kingdom
| | - Éva Ács
- MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Danube Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary
- Faculty of Water Sciences, National University of Public Service, Baja, Hungary
| | - Enikő K. Magyari
- Centre for Ecological Research, GINOP Sustainable Ecosystems Group, Tihany, Hungary
- MTA-MTM-ELTE Research Group for Paleontology, Department of Environmental and Landscape Geography, Eötvös Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Janos Korponai
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Robert-Csaba Begy
- Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Science, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Daniela Vasilache
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Michal Zak
- Department of Atmospheric Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Praga, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Veres
- Romanian Academy, Institute of Speleology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- * E-mail: (KB); (DV); (AH)
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11
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Gillson L, Ekblom A. Using palaeoecology to explore the resilience of southern African savannas. KOEDOE: AFRICAN PROTECTED AREA CONSERVATION AND SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.4102/koedoe.v62i1.1576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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12
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Saulnier-Talbot É, Antoniades D, Pienitz R. Hotspots of biotic compositional change in lakes along vast latitudinal transects in northern Canada. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2020; 26:2270-2279. [PMID: 31995661 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ecotones mark zones of rapid change in ecological structure at various spatial scales. They are believed to be particularly susceptible to shifts caused by environmental transformation, making them key regions for studying the effects of global change. Here, we explored the variation in assemblage structure of aquatic primary producer and consumer communities across latitudinal transects in northeastern North America (Québec-Labrador) to identify spatial patterns in biodiversity that indicated the location of transition zones across the landscape. We analyzed species richness and the cumulative rate of compositional change (expressed as beta-diversity) of diatoms and chironomids to detect any abrupt shifts in the rate of spatial taxonomic turnover. We used principal coordinates analysis to estimate community turnover with latitude, then applied piecewise linear regression to assess the position of ecotones. Statistically significant changes in assemblage composition occurred at 52 and 55°N, corresponding to the transition between closed- and open-crown forest, and to the southern onset of the forest tundra (i.e., the forest limit), respectively. The spatial distribution of ecotones was most strongly related to air temperature for chironomids and to vegetation- and soil-related chemical attributes of lake water for diatoms, including dissolved organic carbon content and water color. Lakes at mid- to high-latitudes currently face pressures from rapidly rising temperatures, accompanied by large increases in organic carbon inputs from their catchments, often leading to browning and its associated effects. The biota at the base of food webs in lakes located in transition zones are disproportionately affected by the cascading effects of these multi-factorial changes, concurrent with pronounced terrestrial greening observed in these regions. Similar patterns of biotic shifts have been observed along alpine aquatic transects, indicating the potential for widespread restructuring of cold, high-altitude and high-latitude freshwater communities due to global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Émilie Saulnier-Talbot
- Laboratoire de paléoécologie aquatique (LPA), Département de géographie and Centre d'études nordiques (CEN: Centre for Northern Studies), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Dermot Antoniades
- Laboratoire de paléoécologie aquatique (LPA), Département de géographie and Centre d'études nordiques (CEN: Centre for Northern Studies), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Reinhard Pienitz
- Laboratoire de paléoécologie aquatique (LPA), Département de géographie and Centre d'études nordiques (CEN: Centre for Northern Studies), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
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Beller EE, McClenachan L, Zavaleta ES, Larsen LG. Past forward: Recommendations from historical ecology for ecosystem management. Glob Ecol Conserv 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2019.e00836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Schreve D. All is flux: the predictive power of fluctuating Quaternary mammalian faunal-climate scenarios. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2019; 374:20190213. [PMID: 31679493 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The long-term impact of Middle and Late Pleistocene glacial-interglacial change led to the major reorganization of mammalian faunal communities in northern Europe through species origination, extinction, evolutionary change and distributional shifts. A Bray-Curtis cluster analysis with single linkage to examine relative faunal similarity was performed on mammalian assemblages from five successively older interglacials (MIS 1, 5e, 7c-a, 9 and 11) in Britain, a region with an exceptionally well-resolved faunal record for this time period. The results indicate a degree of continuity in terms of common interglacial elements occurring across all periods but also reveal that the particular climatic and environmental parameters of each interglacial resulted in the generation of very different faunal assemblages, depending on the length, intensity and structure of the interglacial. Of particular note are the comparability of the mammalian assemblages from warm interglacials MIS 5e and 9, and the high species diversity seen in MIS 7c-a, linked to relatively cool temperate conditions and the spread of dry grasslands. Together, these results offer insight into the overall 'predictability' of Quaternary mammalian interglacial community composition and what might be expected in the natural evolution of a Holocene interglacial freed of anthropogenic interference. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'The past is a foreign country: how much can the fossil record actually inform conservation?'
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Schreve
- Department of Geography, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham TW20 0EX, UK
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Abstract
The year 2017 was a megafire year, when huge areas burned on different continents. In Brazil, a great extension of the Cerrado burned, raising once more the discussion about the “zero-fire” policy. Indeed, most protected areas of the Cerrado adopted a policy of fire exclusion and prevention, leading to periodic megafire events. Last year, 78% of the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park burned at the end of the dry season, attracting media attention. Furthermore, 85% of the Reserva Natural Serra do Tombador burned as a result of a large accumulation of fuel caused by the zero-fire policy. In 2014, some protected areas started to implement the Integrate Fire Management (IFM) strategy. During 2017, in contrast to other protected areas, the Estação Ecológica Serra Geral do Tocantins experienced no megafire events, suggesting that a few years of IFM implementation led to changes in its fire regime. Therefore, we intended here to compare the total burned area and number of fire scars between the protected areas where IFM was implemented and those where fire exclusion is the adopted policy. The use of fire as a management tool aimed at wildfire prevention and biodiversity preservation should be reconsidered by local managers and environmental authorities for most Cerrado protected areas, especially those where open savanna physiognomies prevail. Changing the paradigm is a hard task, but last year’s events showed the zero-fire policy would bring more damage than benefits to Cerrado protected areas.
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Zhang K, Yang X, Kattel G, Lin Q, Shen J. Freshwater lake ecosystem shift caused by social-economic transitions in Yangtze River Basin over the past century. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17146. [PMID: 30464220 PMCID: PMC6249226 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35482-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Global lake systems have undergone rapid degradation over the past century. Scientists and managers are struggling to manage the highly degraded lake systems to cope with escalating anthropogenic pressures. Improved knowledge of how lakes and social systems co-evolved up to the present is vital for understanding, modeling, and anticipating the current and future ecological status of lakes. Here, by integrating paleoenvironmental, instrumental and historical documentary resources at multi-decadal scales, we demonstrate how a typical shallow lake system evolved over the last century in the Yangtze River Basin, an urbanized region containing thousands of shallow lakes. We find abrupt ecological shift happened in the lake ecosystem around the 1970s, with the significant reorganization of macrophyte, diatom and cladocera communities. The lake social-ecological system went through three stages as the local society transformed from a traditional agricultural before 1950s to an urbanized and industrialized society during the recent thirty years. The timing and interaction between social, economic and ecological feedbacks govern the transient and long-term dynamics of the freshwater ecosystem. Our results highlight the importance of accounting for the long-term dynamics and feedbacks between ecological, social and economic changes when defining safe operating spaces for sustainable freshwater ecosystem management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Xiangdong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Giri Kattel
- Environmental Hydrology and Water Resources Group, Department of Infrastructure Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Qi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Ji Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
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Githumbi EN, Courtney Mustaphi CJ, Yun KJ, Muiruri V, Rucina SM, Marchant R. Late Holocene wetland transgression and 500 years of vegetation and fire variability in the semi-arid Amboseli landscape, southern Kenya. AMBIO 2018; 47:682-696. [PMID: 29397542 PMCID: PMC6131128 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-018-1014-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The semi-arid Amboseli landscape, southern Kenya, is characterised by intermittent groundwater-fed wetlands that form sedimentary geoarchives recording past ecosystem changes. We present a 5000-year environmental history of a radiocarbon dated sediment core from Esambu Swamp adjacent to Amboseli National Park. Although radiocarbon dates suggest an unconformity or sedimentary gap that spans between 3800 and 500 cal year BP, the record provides a unique insight into the long-term ecosystem history and wetland processes, particularly the past 500 years. Climatic shifts, fire activity and recent anthropogenic activity drive changes in ecosystem composition. Prior to 3800 cal year BP the pollen data suggest semi-arid savanna ecosystem persisted near the wetland. The wetland transgressed at some time between 3800 and 500 cal year BP and it is difficult to constrain this timing further, and palustrine peaty sediments have accumulated since 400 cal year BP. Increased abundance of Afromontane forest taxa from adjacent highlands of Kilimanjaro and the Chyulu Hills and local arboreal taxa reflect changes in regional moisture budgets. Particularly transformative changes occurred in the last five centuries, associated with increased local biomass burning coeval with the arrival of Maa-speaking pastoralists and intensification of the ivory trade. Cereal crops occurred consistently from around 300 cal year BP, indicative of further anthropogenic activity. The study provides unique insight in Amboseli ecosystem history and the link between ecosystem drivers of change. Such long-term perspectives are crucial for future climate change and associated livelihood impacts, so that suitable responses to ensure sustainable management practices can be developed in an important conservation landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther N. Githumbi
- York Institute for Tropical Ecosystems, Environment Department, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5NG UK
| | - Colin J. Courtney Mustaphi
- York Institute for Tropical Ecosystems, Environment Department, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5NG UK
- Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, Uppsala Universitet, P.O. Box 256, 751 05 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kevin J. Yun
- Department of Biosciences, School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, Stockton Road, Durham, DH1 3LE UK
| | - Veronica Muiruri
- Department of Earth Sciences, Palynology and Palaeobotany Section, National Museums of Kenya, P.O BOX 45166 00100, Nairobi, Kenya
- Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Stephen M. Rucina
- Department of Earth Sciences, Palynology and Palaeobotany Section, National Museums of Kenya, P.O BOX 45166 00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Rob Marchant
- York Institute for Tropical Ecosystems, Environment Department, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5NG UK
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Li Q, Kou X, Beierkuhnlein C, Liu S, Ge J. Global patterns of nonanalogous climates in the past and future derived from thermal and hydraulic factors. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2018; 24:2463-2475. [PMID: 29476633 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nonanalogous climates (NACs), climates without modern analogs on Earth, challenge our understanding of eco-evolutionary processes that shape global biodiversity, particularly because of their propensity to promote novel ecosystems. However, NAC studies are generally inadequate and partial. Specifically, systematic comparisons between the future and the past are generally lacking, and hydraulic NACs tend to be underemphasized. In the present study, by adopting a frequency distribution-based method that facilitates the procedures of contributions parsing and conducting multiple comparisons, we provide a global overview of multidimensional NACs for both the past and the future within a unified framework. We show that NACs are globally prevalent, covering roughly half of the land area across the time-periods under investigation, and have a high degree of spatial structure. Patterns of NACs differ dramatically between the past and the future. Hydraulic NACs are more complex both in spatial patterns and in major contributions of variables than are thermal NACs. However, hydraulic NACs are more predictable than originally thought. Generally, hydraulic NACs in the future (2100 AD) exhibit comparable predictability to thermal NACs in the last glacial maximum (LGM) (21k BP). Identifying these NAC patterns has potential implications on climate-adaptive managements and preparing in advance to possibly frequent novel ecosystems. However, a learning-from-the-past strategy might be of limited utility for management under present circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Li
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Xiaojun Kou
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Carl Beierkuhnlein
- Department of Biogeography, BayCEER, GIB, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Shirong Liu
- Key Laboratory of China's State Forestry Administration for Forest Ecology and Environment, Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Jianping Ge
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Whitlock C, Colombaroli D, Conedera M, Tinner W. Land-use history as a guide for forest conservation and management. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2018; 32:84-97. [PMID: 28574184 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.12960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 03/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Conservation efforts to protect forested landscapes are challenged by climate projections that suggest substantial restructuring of vegetation and disturbance regimes in the future. In this regard, paleoecological records that describe ecosystem responses to past variations in climate, fire, and human activity offer critical information for assessing present landscape conditions and future landscape vulnerability. We illustrate this point drawing on 8 sites in the northwestern United States, New Zealand, Patagonia, and central and southern Europe that have undergone different levels of climate and land-use change. These sites fall along a gradient of landscape conditions that range from nearly pristine (i.e., vegetation and disturbance shaped primarily by past climate and biophysical constraints) to highly altered (i.e., landscapes that have been intensely modified by past human activity). Position on this gradient has implications for understanding the role of natural and anthropogenic disturbance in shaping ecosystem dynamics and assessments of present biodiversity, including recognizing missing or overrepresented species. Dramatic vegetation reorganization occurred at all study sites as a result of postglacial climate variations. In nearly pristine landscapes, such as those in Yellowstone National Park, climate has remained the primary driver of ecosystem change up to the present day. In Europe, natural vegetation-climate-fire linkages were broken 6000-8000 years ago with the onset of Neolithic farming, and in New Zealand, natural linkages were first lost about 700 years ago with arrival of the Maori people. In the U.S. Northwest and Patagonia, the greatest landscape alteration occurred in the last 150 years with Euro-American settlement. Paleoecology is sometimes the best and only tool for evaluating the degree of landscape alteration and the extent to which landscapes retain natural components. Information on landscape-level history thus helps assess current ecological change, clarify management objectives, and define conservation strategies that seek to protect both natural and cultural elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathy Whitlock
- Department of Earth Sciences and Montana Institute on Ecosystems, P.O. Box 173480, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, U.S.A
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, 3013, Bern, Switzerland
- Insubric Ecosystems, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow, and Landscape Research WSL, a Ramèi 18, 6593, Cadenazzo, Switzerland
| | - Daniele Colombaroli
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, 3013, Bern, Switzerland
- Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Falkenplatz 16, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
- Centre for Quaternary Research, Royal Holloway University London, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England
| | - Marco Conedera
- Insubric Ecosystems, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow, and Landscape Research WSL, a Ramèi 18, 6593, Cadenazzo, Switzerland
| | - Willy Tinner
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, 3013, Bern, Switzerland
- Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Falkenplatz 16, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
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Island biodiversity conservation needs palaeoecology. Nat Ecol Evol 2017; 1:181. [PMID: 28812590 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-017-0181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The discovery and colonization of islands by humans has invariably resulted in their widespread ecological transformation. The small and isolated populations of many island taxa, and their evolution in the absence of humans and their introduced taxa, mean that they are particularly vulnerable to human activities. Consequently, even the most degraded islands are a focus for restoration, eradication, and monitoring programmes to protect the remaining endemic and/or relict populations. Here, we build a framework that incorporates an assessment of the degree of change from multiple baseline reference periods using long-term ecological data. The use of multiple reference points may provide information on both the variability of natural systems and responses to successive waves of cultural transformation of island ecosystems, involving, for example, the alteration of fire and grazing regimes and the introduction of non-native species. We provide exemplification of how such approaches can provide valuable information for biodiversity conservation managers of island ecosystems.
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Paleolimnology as a Tool to Achieve Environmental Sustainability in the Anthropocene: An Overview. GEOSCIENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/geosciences6020026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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van Breugel P, Friis I, Demissew S, Lillesø JPB, Kindt R. Current and Future Fire Regimes and Their Influence on Natural Vegetation in Ethiopia. Ecosystems 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10021-015-9938-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ledru M, Montade V, Blanchard G, Hély C. Long‐term Spatial Changes in the Distribution of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Biotropica 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie‐Pierre Ledru
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier UMR 226 Institut de Recherche pour le Développement UM/CNRS/IRD/EPHE Avenue Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier Cedex France
| | - Vincent Montade
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier UM/CNRS/IRD/EPHE Avenue Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier Cedex France
- Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes 4‐14 rue Ferrus 75014 Paris France
| | - Grégoire Blanchard
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier UM/CNRS/IRD/EPHE Avenue Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier Cedex France
| | - Christelle Hély
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier UM/CNRS/IRD/EPHE Avenue Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier Cedex France
- Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes 4‐14 rue Ferrus 75014 Paris France
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Saulnier-Talbot Ã. Overcoming the disconnect: are paleolimnologists doing enough to make their science accessible to aquatic managers and conservationists? Front Ecol Evol 2015. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2015.00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Sullivan AP, Berkebile JN, Forste KM, Washam RM. Disturbing Developments: An Archaeobotanical Perspective on Pinyon-Juniper Woodland Fire Ecology, Economic Resource Production, and Ecosystem History. J ETHNOBIOL 2015. [DOI: 10.2993/0278-0771-35.1.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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