1
|
Li JJ, Du XK. Will climate change cause Sargassum beds in temperate waters to expand or contract? Evidence from the range shift pattern of Sargassum. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 200:106659. [PMID: 39083877 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the range shift patterns of foundation species (e.g., macroalgae) under future climatic conditions is critical for biodiversity conservation in coastal ecosystems. These predictions are typically made using species distribution models (SDMs), and severe habitat loss has been predicted for most brown algal forests. Nevertheless, some models showed that local adaptation within species can reduce range loss projections. In this study, we used the brown algae Sargassum fusiforme and Sargassum thunbergii, which are distributed in the Northwest Pacific, to determine whether climate change will cause the Sargassum beds in Northwest Pacific temperate waters to expand or contract. We divided S. fusiforme and S. thunbergii into northern and southern lineages, considering the temperature gradients and phylogeographic structures. We quantified the realized niches of the two lineages using an n-dimensional hypervolume. Significant niche differentiation was detected between lineages for both species, suggesting the existence of local adaptation. Based on these results, lineage-level SDMs were constructed for both species. The prediction results showed the different responses of different lineages to climate change. The suitable distribution area for both species was predicted to move northward, retaining part of the suitable habitat at low latitudes (along the East China Sea). Unfortunately, this expansion could not compensate for losing middle-low latitude areas. Our results have important implications for the future management and protection of macroalgae and emphasize the importance of incorporating intraspecific variation into species distribution predictions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Li
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210024, China.
| | - Xiao-Kang Du
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210024, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bernal-Durán V, Donoso D, Piñones A, Jonsson PR, Benestan L, Landaeta MF, Naretto J, Gerard K, Haye PA, Gonzalez-Wevar C, Poulin E, Segovia NI. Combining population genomics and biophysical modelling to assess connectivity patterns in an Antarctic fish. Mol Ecol 2024; 33:e17360. [PMID: 38656687 DOI: 10.1111/mec.17360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Connectivity is a fundamental process of population dynamics in marine ecosystems. In the last decade, with the emergence of new methods, combining different approaches to understand the patterns of connectivity among populations and their regulation has become increasingly feasible. The Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) is characterized by complex oceanographic dynamics, where local conditions could act as barriers to population connectivity. Here, the notothenioid fish Harpagifer antarcticus, a demersal species with a complex life cycle (adults with poor swim capabilities and pelagic larvae), was used to assess connectivity along the WAP by combining biophysical modelling and population genomics methods. Both approaches showed congruent patterns. Areas of larvae retention and low potential connectivity, observed in the biophysical model output, coincide with four genetic groups within the WAP: (1) South Shetland Islands, (2) Bransfield Strait, (3) the central and (4) the southern area of WAP (Marguerite Bay). These genetic groups exhibited limited gene flow between them, consistent with local oceanographic conditions, which would represent barriers to larval dispersal. The joint effect of geographic distance and larval dispersal by ocean currents had a greater influence on the observed population structure than each variable evaluated separately. The combined effect of geographic distance and a complex oceanographic dynamic would be generating limited levels of population connectivity in the fish H. antarcticus along the WAP. Based on this, population connectivity estimations and priority areas for conservation were discussed, considering the marine protected area proposed for this threatened region of the Southern Ocean.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Bernal-Durán
- Instituto Milenio Biodiversidad de Ecosistemas Antárticos y subAntárticos (MIBASE), Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Instituto Milenio de Ecología y Biodiversidad (IEB), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - David Donoso
- Instituto Milenio Biodiversidad de Ecosistemas Antárticos y subAntárticos (MIBASE), Santiago, Chile
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Andrea Piñones
- Instituto Milenio Biodiversidad de Ecosistemas Antárticos y subAntárticos (MIBASE), Santiago, Chile
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas (ICML) y Centro FONDAP IDEAL, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- Centro COPAS COASTAL, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Per R Jonsson
- Department of Marine Sciences, Tjärnö Marine Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Strömstad, Sweden
| | - Laura Benestan
- Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer, Centre du Pacifique, Vairao, Tahiti, French Polynesia
| | - Mauricio F Landaeta
- Laboratorio de Ictiología e Interacciones Biofísicas (LABITI), Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Centro de Observación Marino para Estudios de Riesgos del Ambiente Costero (COSTA-R), Universidad de Valparaíso, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | | | - Karin Gerard
- Instituto Milenio Biodiversidad de Ecosistemas Antárticos y subAntárticos (MIBASE), Santiago, Chile
| | - Pilar A Haye
- Instituto Milenio en Socio-ecología Costera (SECOS), Departamento de Biología Marina, Facultadde Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Claudio Gonzalez-Wevar
- Instituto Milenio Biodiversidad de Ecosistemas Antárticos y subAntárticos (MIBASE), Santiago, Chile
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas (ICML) y Centro FONDAP IDEAL, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Elie Poulin
- Instituto Milenio Biodiversidad de Ecosistemas Antárticos y subAntárticos (MIBASE), Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Instituto Milenio de Ecología y Biodiversidad (IEB), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicolás I Segovia
- Instituto Milenio en Socio-ecología Costera (SECOS), Departamento de Biología Marina, Facultadde Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Taylor RS, Manseau M, Keobouasone S, Liu P, Mastromonaco G, Solmundson K, Kelly A, Larter NC, Gamberg M, Schwantje H, Thacker C, Polfus J, Andrew L, Hervieux D, Simmons D, Wilson PJ. High genetic load without purging in caribou, a diverse species at risk. Curr Biol 2024; 34:1234-1246.e7. [PMID: 38417444 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
High intra-specific genetic diversity is associated with adaptive potential, which is key for resilience to global change. However, high variation may also support deleterious alleles through genetic load, thereby increasing the risk of inbreeding depression if population sizes decrease. Purging of deleterious variation has been demonstrated in some threatened species. However, less is known about the costs of declines and inbreeding in species with large population sizes and high genetic diversity even though this encompasses many species globally that are expected to undergo population declines. Caribou is a species of ecological and cultural significance in North America with a wide distribution supporting extensive phenotypic variation but with some populations undergoing significant declines resulting in their at-risk status in Canada. We assessed intra-specific genetic variation, adaptive divergence, inbreeding, and genetic load across populations with different demographic histories using an annotated chromosome-scale reference genome and 66 whole-genome sequences. We found high genetic diversity and nine phylogenomic lineages across the continent with adaptive diversification of genes, but also high genetic load among lineages. We found highly divergent levels of inbreeding across individuals, including the loss of alleles by drift but not increased purging in inbred individuals, which had more homozygous deleterious alleles. We also found comparable frequencies of homozygous deleterious alleles between lineages regardless of nucleotide diversity. Thus, further inbreeding may need to be mitigated through conservation efforts. Our results highlight the "double-edged sword" of genetic diversity that may be representative of other species atrisk affected by anthropogenic activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca S Taylor
- Landscape Science and Technology, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
| | - Micheline Manseau
- Landscape Science and Technology, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Sonesinh Keobouasone
- Landscape Science and Technology, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Peng Liu
- Landscape Science and Technology, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | | | - Kirsten Solmundson
- Environmental & Life Sciences Graduate Program, Trent University, Peterborough, ON K9L 1Z8, Canada
| | - Allicia Kelly
- Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Government of Northwest Territories, PO Box 900, Fort Smith, NT X0E 0P0, Canada
| | - Nicholas C Larter
- Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Government of Northwest Territories, PO Box 900, Fort Smith, NT X0E 0P0, Canada
| | - Mary Gamberg
- Gamberg Consulting, Jarvis Street, Whitehorse, YK Y1A 2J2, Canada
| | - Helen Schwantje
- British Columbia Ministry of Forest, Lands, Natural Resource Operations, and Rural Development, Labieux Road, Nanaimo, BC V9T 6E9, Canada
| | - Caeley Thacker
- British Columbia Ministry of Forest, Lands, Natural Resource Operations, and Rural Development, Labieux Road, Nanaimo, BC V9T 6E9, Canada
| | - Jean Polfus
- Canadian Wildlife Service - Pacific Region, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 1238 Discovery Avenue, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V9, Canada
| | - Leon Andrew
- Ɂehdzo Got'ı̨nę Gots'ę́ Nákedı (Sahtú Renewable Resources Board), P.O. Box 134, Tulít'a, NT X0E 0K0, Canada
| | - Dave Hervieux
- Alberta Ministry of Environment and Protected Areas, Government of Alberta, 10320-99 Street, Grande Prairie, AB T8V 6J4, Canada
| | - Deborah Simmons
- Ɂehdzo Got'ı̨nę Gots'ę́ Nákedı (Sahtú Renewable Resources Board), P.O. Box 134, Tulít'a, NT X0E 0K0, Canada
| | - Paul J Wilson
- Biology Department, Trent University, East Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON K9L 1Z8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ni X, Chen Y, Deng G, Fu C. Pleistocene Landscape Dynamics Drives Lineage Divergence of a Temperate Freshwater Fish Gobio rivuloides in Coastal Drainages of Northern China. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2146. [PMID: 38136969 PMCID: PMC10743038 DOI: 10.3390/genes14122146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding historical processes underlying lineage distribution patterns is a primary goal of phylogeography. We selected Gobio rivuloides (Cypriniformes: Gobionidae) as a model to improve our knowledge about how intraspecific genetic divergence of freshwater fishes arises in coastal drainages of northern China via statistical analysis using cytochrome b gene. The time-calibrated phylogeny of G. rivuloides showed the divergence of two major lineages (I and II) at ~0.98 Ma (million years ago). Lineage I can be divided into two sub-lineages (I-A and I-B) with a divergence time of ~0.83 Ma. Sub-lineage I-A inhabits the Amur River, and sub-lineage I-B lives in the Luan River and Liao River. Lineage II is distributed in the Yellow River and Hai River, with close genetic relationships between the two drainages, and can be split into two sub-lineages (II-C and II-D) with a divergence time of ~0.60 Ma. Our findings indicate that the splitting of lineages and sub-lineages could be attributed to geographic isolation caused by the formation of the Bohai Sea, river capture, and the episodic hydrologic closing of a paleolake during the late Lower-Middle Pleistocene. It is also the first report we know of displaying a clear phylogeographic break for freshwater fishes across coastal drainages in northern China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Cuizhang Fu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Coastal Ecosystems Research Station of the Yangtze River Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China; (X.N.); (Y.C.); (G.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kyrkjeeide MO, Meleshko O, Flatberg KI, Hassel K. Short stories from Sphagnum of rare species, taxonomy, and speciation. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e10356. [PMID: 37484930 PMCID: PMC10361360 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Conserving species and their genetic variation are a global priority to safeguard evolutionary potential in a rapidly changing world. Species are fundamental units in research and nature management, but taxonomic work is increasingly undermined. Increasing knowledge on the species genetic diversity would aid in prioritizing conservation efforts. Sphagnum is a diverse, well-known bryophyte genus, which makes the genus suited to study speciation and cryptic variation. The species share specific characteristics and can be difficult to separate in the field. By combining molecular data with thorough morphological examination, new species have recently been discovered. Still, there are taxonomic uncertainties, even for species assessed on the IUCN Red List of threatened species. Here, we use molecular data to examine three rare species within the subgenus Acutifolia described based on morphological characters. All species have narrow distributions and limited dispersability. First, we confirm the genetic origin of S. skyense. Second, we show that S. venustum is a haploid species genetically distinct from morphologically similar species. Lastly, S. nitidulum was found to have a distinct haplotype, but cannot be genetically separated from other red Acutifolia species. We also found high genetic variation within red Acutifolia specimens, indicating the need of further morphological examination and possibly taxonomic revision. Until then, our results have shown that genetic data can aid in prioritizing targets of conservation efforts when taxonomy is unresolved. All three taxa should be further searched for by field biologists to increase knowledge about their distribution ranges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Olena Meleshko
- Department of Natural HistoryNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | - Kjell Ivar Flatberg
- Department of Natural HistoryNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | - Kristian Hassel
- Department of Natural HistoryNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Markers with Applications in Conservation and Exploitation of Aquatic Natural Populations. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13061089. [PMID: 36978629 PMCID: PMC10044284 DOI: 10.3390/ani13061089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In recent decades, societies, states and local authorities have become increasingly aware that for effective long-term management and protection of aquatic ecosystems and populations, it is necessary to take into account the genetic changes occurring in these populations. One type of high-resolution molecular marker suitable for studying the neutral and adaptive genetic diversity of populations is single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). This review is an attempt to show the benefits of using SNPs to recognize natural populations of aquatic animals and detect the threats to them from accidentally or intentionally released farm animals, fishery and global climate changes. It is postulated that conservation actions should protect not only pristine natural populations that are endangered or overfished, but also protect populations of non-threatened species from unnecessarily released semi-domesticated animals. The enhancement of natural populations with farmed material usually reduces their genetic diversity. Experimental size-selective catches of artificially created populations have caused evolutionary changes in the life cycles of fishes. However, fishery-induced evolution in natural populations is difficult to observe. The negative measurable effects on populations can be expected when the number of breeding individuals is reduced below 100, which occurs very rarely in the sea and more often in fragmented freshwater streams, ponds and seasonal rivers. Abstract An increasing number of aquatic species have been studied for genetic polymorphism, which extends the knowledge on their natural populations. One type of high-resolution molecular marker suitable for studying the genetic diversity of large numbers of individuals is single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). This review is an attempt to show the range of applications of SNPs in studies of natural populations of aquatic animals. In recent years, SNPs have been used in the genetic analysis of wild and enhanced fish and invertebrate populations in natural habitats, exploited migratory species in the oceans, migratory anadromous and freshwater fish and demersal species. SNPs have been used for the identification of species and their hybrids in natural environments, to study the genetic consequences of restocking for conservation purposes and the negative effects on natural populations of fish accidentally escaping from culture. SNPs are very useful for identifying genomic regions correlated with phenotypic variants relevant for wildlife protection, management and aquaculture. Experimental size-selective catches of populations created in tanks have caused evolutionary changes in life cycles of fishes. The research results have been discussed to clarify whether the fish populations in natural conditions can undergo changes due to selective harvesting targeting the fastest-growing fishes.
Collapse
|
7
|
Molecular ecology meets systematic conservation planning. Trends Ecol Evol 2023; 38:143-155. [PMID: 36210287 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Integrative and proactive conservation approaches are critical to the long-term persistence of biodiversity. Molecular data can provide important information on evolutionary processes necessary for conserving multiple levels of biodiversity (genes, populations, species, and ecosystems). However, molecular data are rarely used to guide spatial conservation decision-making. Here, we bridge the fields of molecular ecology (ME) and systematic conservation planning (SCP) (the 'why') to build a foundation for the inclusion of molecular data into spatial conservation planning tools (the 'how'), and provide a practical guide for implementing this integrative approach for both conservation planners and molecular ecologists. The proposed framework enhances interdisciplinary capacity, which is crucial to achieving the ambitious global conservation goals envisioned for the next decade.
Collapse
|
8
|
Li M, Yang X, Ni X, Fu C. The role of landscape evolution in the genetic diversification of a stream fish Sarcocheilichthys parvus from Southern China. Front Genet 2023; 13:1075617. [PMID: 36685913 PMCID: PMC9853433 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1075617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcocheilichthys parvus (Cypriniformes: Gobionidae) is a stream fish which is endemic to sub-tropical coastal drainages in southern China, thus offering a valuable model for understanding how genetic divergence arises in stream-adapting freshwater fishes in this region. Using the mitochondrial Cyt b gene, integrative analyses of phylogeny, population demography, and ancestral area and paleo-drainage reconstructions are carried out to explicitly explore the role of landscape evolution in genetic diversification of S. parvus. The time-calibrated phylogeny of S. parvus indicates the splitting of two major lineages (A and B) at ∼3.66 Ma. Lineage A inhabits the Poyang Lake sub-drainage of the middle Yangtze River, Han River and Pearl River, and can be split into two sub-lineages (A-I and A-II), where sub-lineage A-II can be further sub-divided into three infra-sub-lineages (A-IIa, A-IIb and A-IIc). Except for the infra-sub-lineage A-IIc, which is restricted to the Han River and Pearl River, the other sub-lineages and infra-sub-lineages live exclusively in the Poyang Lake sub-drainage. Lineage B lives in the lower Yangtze River, Qiantang River, Jiaojiang River and Ou River, displaying close genetic relationships among the drainages. Rapid population expansion has occurred since the Late Pleistocene. Our findings indicate that the splitting of lineages A and B could be attributed to geographic isolation due to the Zhe-Min Uplift, acting as a biogeographic barrier before the late Early Pleistocene. Furthermore, the strong genetic divergence within Lineage A could be explained by the isolation role of the Nanling Mountains and Poyang Lake acting as an ecological barrier; while the lack of phylogenetic structure within Lineage B may have been the result of paleo-drainage connections or episodic freshwater connections during the eustatic low stand of sea level in the late Middle-Late Pleistocene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xiaomin Ni
- *Correspondence: Xiaomin Ni, ; Cuizhang Fu,
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Xuereb A, Rougemont Q, Dallaire X, Moore J, Normandeau E, Bougas B, Perreault‐Payette A, Koop BF, Withler R, Beacham T, Bernatchez L. Re‐evaluating Coho salmon (
Oncorhynchus kisutch
) conservation units in Canada using genomic data. Evol Appl 2022; 15:1925-1944. [DOI: 10.1111/eva.13489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Xuereb
- Département de Biologie Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS) Université Laval Québec Québec Canada
| | - Quentin Rougemont
- Département de Biologie Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS) Université Laval Québec Québec Canada
- CEFE, Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, UMR 5175, CNRS, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - Xavier Dallaire
- Département de Biologie Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS) Université Laval Québec Québec Canada
| | - Jean‐Sébastien Moore
- Département de Biologie Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS) Université Laval Québec Québec Canada
| | - Eric Normandeau
- Département de Biologie Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS) Université Laval Québec Québec Canada
| | - Bérénice Bougas
- Département de Biologie Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS) Université Laval Québec Québec Canada
| | - Alysse Perreault‐Payette
- Département de Biologie Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS) Université Laval Québec Québec Canada
| | - Ben F. Koop
- Department of Biology University of Victoria Victoria British Columbia Canada
| | - Ruth Withler
- Department of Fisheries and Ocean Pacific Biological Station Nanaimo British Columbia Canada
| | - Terry Beacham
- Department of Fisheries and Ocean Pacific Biological Station Nanaimo British Columbia Canada
| | - Louis Bernatchez
- Département de Biologie Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS) Université Laval Québec Québec Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ishii NI, Hirota SK, Matsuo A, Sato MP, Sasaki T, Suyama Y. Species–genetic diversity correlations depend on ecological similarity between multiple moorland plant species. OIKOS 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.09023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naohiro I. Ishii
- Field Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku Univ., Naruko‐onsen Osaki Miyagi Japan
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National Univ., Hodogaya Yokohama Kanagawa Japan
| | - Shun K. Hirota
- Field Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku Univ., Naruko‐onsen Osaki Miyagi Japan
| | - Ayumi Matsuo
- Field Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku Univ., Naruko‐onsen Osaki Miyagi Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko P. Sato
- Field Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku Univ., Naruko‐onsen Osaki Miyagi Japan
| | - Takehiro Sasaki
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National Univ., Hodogaya Yokohama Kanagawa Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Suyama
- Field Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku Univ., Naruko‐onsen Osaki Miyagi Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jeffery NW, Lehnert SJ, Kess T, Layton KKS, Wringe BF, Stanley RR. Application of Omics Tools in Designing and Monitoring Marine Protected Areas For a Sustainable Blue Economy. Front Genet 2022; 13:886494. [PMID: 35812740 PMCID: PMC9257101 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.886494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A key component of the global blue economy strategy is the sustainable extraction of marine resources and conservation of marine environments through networks of marine protected areas (MPAs). Connectivity and representativity are essential factors that underlie successful implementation of MPA networks, which can safeguard biological diversity and ecosystem function, and ultimately support the blue economy strategy by balancing ocean use with conservation. New “big data” omics approaches, including genomics and transcriptomics, are becoming essential tools for the development and maintenance of MPA networks. Current molecular omics techniques, including population-scale genome sequencing, have direct applications for assessing population connectivity and for evaluating how genetic variation is represented within and among MPAs. Effective baseline characterization and long-term, scalable, and comprehensive monitoring are essential for successful MPA management, and omics approaches hold great promise to characterize the full range of marine life, spanning the microbiome to megafauna across a range of environmental conditions (shallow sea to the deep ocean). Omics tools, such as eDNA metabarcoding can provide a cost-effective basis for biodiversity monitoring in large and remote conservation areas. Here we provide an overview of current omics applications for conservation planning and monitoring, with a focus on metabarcoding, metagenomics, and population genomics. Emerging approaches, including whole-genome sequencing, characterization of genomic architecture, epigenomics, and genomic vulnerability to climate change are also reviewed. We demonstrate that the operationalization of omics tools can enhance the design, monitoring, and management of MPAs and thus will play an important role in a modern and comprehensive blue economy strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas W. Jeffery
- Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Dartmouth, NS, Canada
- *Correspondence: Nicholas W. Jeffery,
| | - Sarah J. Lehnert
- Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Centre, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. John’s, NL, Canada
| | - Tony Kess
- Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Centre, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. John’s, NL, Canada
| | - Kara K. S. Layton
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Brendan F. Wringe
- Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Dartmouth, NS, Canada
| | - Ryan R.E. Stanley
- Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Dartmouth, NS, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Carroll C, Rohlf DJ, Epstein Y. Mainstreaming the Ambition, Coherence, and Comprehensiveness of the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework Into Conservation Policy. FRONTIERS IN CONSERVATION SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fcosc.2022.906699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity are finalizing a new Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) to more effectively guide efforts by the world’s nations to address global loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services. Each party is required to mainstream the new framework and its component targets into national conservation strategies. To date, such strategies have been criticized as largely aspirational and lacking clear linkages to national policy mechanisms, which has contributed to the world’s general failure to meet the Convention’s previous targets. We use the United States and European Union as examples to compare and contrast opportunities and barriers for mainstreaming the GBF more effectively into policy. The European Union and United States have unique relationships to the Convention, the former being the only supranational party and the latter, having signed but never ratified the treaty, adopting Convention targets on an ad hoc basis. The contrasting conservation policy frameworks of these two polities illustrate several conceptual issues central to biodiversity conservation and demonstrate how insights from the GBF can strengthen biodiversity policy even in atypical contexts. We focus on three characteristics of the GBF which are essential if policy is to effectively motivate and guide efforts to halt and reverse biodiversity loss: comprehensiveness, coherence, and ambition. Statutes in both the United States and European Union provide a strong foundation for mainstreaming the GBF’s comprehensiveness, coherence, and ambition, but policy development and implementation falls short. We identify six common themes among the reforms needed to successfully achieve targets for reversing biodiversity loss: broadening conservation focus to all levels of biodiversity, better coordinating conservation strategies that protect sites and landscapes with those focused on biodiversity elements (e.g., species), coordinating biodiversity conservation with efforts to safeguard ecosystem services including ecosystem-based climate mitigation and adaptation, more coherent scaling of targets from global to local extents, adoption of a more ambitious vision for recovery of biodiversity, and development of effective tracking and accountability mechanisms.
Collapse
|