1
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Hoogstraten CA, Schirris TJJ, Russel FGM. Unlocking mitochondrial drug targets: The importance of mitochondrial transport proteins. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14150. [PMID: 38666512 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
A disturbed mitochondrial function contributes to the pathology of many common diseases. These organelles are therefore important therapeutic targets. On the contrary, many adverse effects of drugs can be explained by a mitochondrial off-target effect, in particular, due to an interaction with carrier proteins in the inner membrane. Yet this class of transport proteins remains underappreciated and understudied. The aim of this review is to provide a deeper understanding of the role of mitochondrial carriers in health and disease and their significance as drug targets. We present literature-based evidence that mitochondrial carrier proteins are associated with prevalent diseases and emphasize their potential as drug (off-)target sites by summarizing known mitochondrial drug-transporter interactions. Studying these carriers will enhance our knowledge of mitochondrial drug on- and off-targets and provide opportunities to further improve the efficacy and safety of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte A Hoogstraten
- Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Tom J J Schirris
- Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Frans G M Russel
- Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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2
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Li P, Hendricks AL, Wang Y, Villones RLE, Lindkvist-Petersson K, Meloni G, Cowan JA, Wang K, Gourdon P. Structures of Atm1 provide insight into [2Fe-2S] cluster export from mitochondria. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4339. [PMID: 35896548 PMCID: PMC9329353 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32006-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotes, iron-sulfur clusters are essential cofactors for numerous physiological processes, but these clusters are primarily biosynthesized in mitochondria. Previous studies suggest mitochondrial ABCB7-type exporters are involved in maturation of cytosolic iron-sulfur proteins. However, the molecular mechanism for how the ABCB7-type exporters participate in this process remains elusive. Here, we report a series of cryo-electron microscopy structures of a eukaryotic homolog of human ABCB7, CtAtm1, determined at average resolutions ranging from 2.8 to 3.2 Å, complemented by functional characterization and molecular docking in silico. We propose that CtAtm1 accepts delivery from glutathione-complexed iron-sulfur clusters. A partially occluded state links cargo-binding to residues at the mitochondrial matrix interface that line a positively charged cavity, while the binding region becomes internalized and is partially divided in an early occluded state. Collectively, our findings substantially increase the understanding of the transport mechanism of eukaryotic ABCB7-type proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Sölvegatan 19, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Amber L Hendricks
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Yong Wang
- Institute of Quantitative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- The Provincial International Science and Technology Cooperation Base on Engineering Biology, International Campus of Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China
| | - Rhiza Lyne E Villones
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd., Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | | | - Gabriele Meloni
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd., Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - J A Cowan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Kaituo Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Maersk Tower 7-9, Nørre Allé 14, DK-2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark.
| | - Pontus Gourdon
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Sölvegatan 19, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Maersk Tower 7-9, Nørre Allé 14, DK-2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark.
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3
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Jeon S, Kim SH, Jeong J, Lee DK, Lee S, Kim S, Kim G, Maruthupandy M, Cho WS. ABCG1 and ABCG4 as key transporters in the development of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis by nanoparticles. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 420:126595. [PMID: 34256330 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) has been reported in rodents treated with nanoparticles (NPs). However, little is known about the type of NPs producing PAP and their toxicity mechanisms. Here, we assembled seven PAP-inducing NPs and TiO2 NPs as a negative control. At 1 and 6 months after a single intratracheal instillation in rats, pulmonary inflammation and the gene expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and related genes were evaluated in separated alveolar macrophages (AMs). One month after intratracheal instillation, seven NPs (Eu2O3, In2O3, Pr6O11, Sm2O3, Tb4O7, and NiO) caused PAP, but only In2O3 NPs caused persistent PAP at 6 months after treatment. The levels of phospholipids, indicators of PAP, showed good correlations with the gene expression profile of five transporters (ABCA1, ABCB4, ABCB8, ABCG1, and ABCG4), which effluxing phospholipids in AMs. Among them, ABCG1 and ABCG4 might be key transporters involved in PAP development because both showed a negative correlation with the magnitude of PAP, while others might be compensatory transporters for PAP recovery, as they showed a positive correlation. In conclusion, the identification of seven PAP-producing NPs implies that PAP may be an emerging occupational disease and that ABCG1 and ABCG4 may be therapeutic targets for PAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyeon Jeon
- Lab of Toxicology, Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, 37, Nakdong-daero 550 beon-gil Saha-gu, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hyun Kim
- Lab of Toxicology, Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, 37, Nakdong-daero 550 beon-gil Saha-gu, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Jeong
- Lab of Toxicology, Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, 37, Nakdong-daero 550 beon-gil Saha-gu, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Keun Lee
- Lab of Toxicology, Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, 37, Nakdong-daero 550 beon-gil Saha-gu, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Sinuk Lee
- Lab of Toxicology, Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, 37, Nakdong-daero 550 beon-gil Saha-gu, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Songyeon Kim
- Lab of Toxicology, Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, 37, Nakdong-daero 550 beon-gil Saha-gu, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyuri Kim
- Lab of Toxicology, Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, 37, Nakdong-daero 550 beon-gil Saha-gu, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Muchuchamy Maruthupandy
- Lab of Toxicology, Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, 37, Nakdong-daero 550 beon-gil Saha-gu, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan-Seob Cho
- Lab of Toxicology, Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, 37, Nakdong-daero 550 beon-gil Saha-gu, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea.
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Patel H, Wu ZX, Chen Y, Bo L, Chen ZS. Drug resistance: from bacteria to cancer. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2021; 2:27. [PMID: 35006446 PMCID: PMC8607383 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-021-00041-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The phenomenon of drug resistance has been a hindrance to therapeutic medicine since the late 1940s. There is a plethora of factors and mechanisms contributing to progression of drug resistance. From prokaryotes to complex cancers, drug resistance is a prevailing issue in clinical medicine. Although there are numerous factors causing and influencing the phenomenon of drug resistance, cellular transporters contribute to a noticeable majority. Efflux transporters form a huge family of proteins and are found in a vast number of species spanning from prokaryotes to complex organisms such as humans. During the last couple of decades, various approaches in analyses of biochemistry and pharmacology of transporters have led us to understand much more about drug resistance. In this review, we have discussed the structure, function, potential causes, and mechanisms of multidrug resistance in bacteria as well as cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Zhuo-Xun Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Yanglu Chen
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Letao Bo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, NY, 11439, USA.
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Abstract
ABCB6 plays a crucial role in energy-dependent porphyrin transport, drug resistance, toxic metal resistance, porphyrin biosynthesis, protection against stress, and encoding a blood group system Langereis antigen. However, the mechanism underlying porphyrin transport is still unclear. Here, we determined the cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of nanodisc-reconstituted human ABCB6 trapped in an apo-state and an ATP-bound state at resolutions of 3.6 and 3.5 Å, respectively. Our structures reveal a unique loop in the transmembrane domain (TMD) of ABCB6, which divides the TMD into two cavities. It restrains the access of substrates in the inward-facing state and is removed by ATP-driven conformational change. No ligand cavities were observed in the nucleotide-bound state, indicating a state following substrate release but prior to ATP hydrolysis. Structural analyses and functional characterizations suggest an "ATP-switch" model and further reveal the conformational changes of the substrate-binding pockets triggered by the ATP-driven regulation.
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6
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Pearson SA, Cowan JA. Evolution of the human mitochondrial ABCB7 [2Fe-2S](GS) 4 cluster exporter and the molecular mechanism of an E433K disease-causing mutation. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 697:108661. [PMID: 33157103 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Iron-sulfur cluster proteins play key roles in a multitude of cellular processes. Iron-sulfur cofactors are assembled primarily in mitochondria and are then exported to the cytosol by use of an ABCB7 transporter. It has been shown that the yeast mitochondrial transporter Atm1 can export glutathione-coordinated iron-sulfur clusters, [2Fe-2S](SG)4, providing a source of cluster units for cytosolic iron-sulfur cluster assembly systems. This pathway is consistent with the endosymbiotic model of mitochondrial evolution where homologous bacterial heavy metal transporters, utilizing metal glutathione adducts, were adapted for use in eukaryotic mitochondria. Herein, the basis for endosymbiotic evolution of the human cluster export protein (ABCB7) is developed through a BLAST analysis of transporters from ancient proteobacteria. In addition, a functional comparison of native human protein, versus a disease-causing mutant, demonstrates a key role for residue E433 in promoting cluster transport. Dysfunction in mitochondrial export of Fe-S clusters is a likely cause of the disease condition X-linked sideroblastic anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A Pearson
- The Ohio State University Biophysics Program, The Ohio State University, 484 West 12thAvenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States
| | - J A Cowan
- The Ohio State University Biophysics Program, The Ohio State University, 484 West 12thAvenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States. https://chemistry.osu.edu/people/cowan.2
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7
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Abstract
The transport of specific molecules across lipid membranes is an essential function of all living organisms. The processes are usually mediated by specific transporters. One of the largest transporter families is the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family. More than 40 ABC transporters have been identified in human, which are divided into 7 subfamilies (ABCA to ABCG) based on their gene structure, amino acid sequence, domain organization, and phylogenetic analysis. Of them, at least 11 ABC transporters including P-glycoprotein (P-GP/ABCB1), multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRPs/ABCCs), and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) are involved in multidrug resistance (MDR) development. These ABC transporters are expressed in various tissues such as the liver, intestine, kidney, and brain, playing important roles in absorption, distribution, and excretion of drugs. Some ABC transporters are also involved in diverse cellular processes such as maintenance of osmotic homeostasis, antigen processing, cell division, immunity, cholesterol, and lipid trafficking. Several human diseases such as cystic fibrosis, sitosterolemia, Tangier disease, intrahepatic cholestasis, and retinal degeneration are associated with mutations in corresponding transporters. This chapter will describe function and expression of several ABC transporters (such as P-GP, BCRP, and MRPs), their substrates and inhibitors, as well as their clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Liu
- China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
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8
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Robey RW, Pluchino KM, Hall MD, Fojo AT, Bates SE, Gottesman MM. Revisiting the role of ABC transporters in multidrug-resistant cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 2018; 18:452-464. [PMID: 29643473 PMCID: PMC6622180 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-018-0005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1116] [Impact Index Per Article: 186.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Most patients who die of cancer have disseminated disease that has become resistant to multiple therapeutic modalities. Ample evidence suggests that the expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, especially the multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1, also known as P-glycoprotein or P-gp), which is encoded by ABC subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1), can confer resistance to cytotoxic and targeted chemotherapy. However, the development of MDR1 as a therapeutic target has been unsuccessful. At the time of its discovery, appropriate tools for the characterization and clinical development of MDR1 as a therapeutic target were lacking. Thirty years after the initial cloning and characterization of MDR1 and the implication of two additional ABC transporters, the multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1; encoded by ABCC1)), and ABCG2, in multidrug resistance, interest in investigating these transporters as therapeutic targets has waned. However, with the emergence of new data and advanced techniques, we propose to re-evaluate whether these transporters play a clinical role in multidrug resistance. With this Opinion article, we present recent evidence indicating that it is time to revisit the investigation into the role of ABC transporters in efficient drug delivery in various cancer types and at the blood-brain barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W Robey
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kristen M Pluchino
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Matthew D Hall
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Antonio T Fojo
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University/New York Presbyterian Hospital, Manhattan, NY, USA
- James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Susan E Bates
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University/New York Presbyterian Hospital, Manhattan, NY, USA
- James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Michael M Gottesman
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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9
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Baral B. Evolutionary Trajectories of Entomopathogenic Fungi ABC Transporters. ADVANCES IN GENETICS 2017; 98:117-154. [PMID: 28942792 DOI: 10.1016/bs.adgen.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The ABC protein superfamily-also called traffic ATPases-are energy-dependent ubiquitous proteins, representing one of the crucial and the largest family in the fungal genomes. The ATP-binding cassette endows a characteristic 200-250 amino acids and is omnipresent in all organisms ranging from prokaryotes to eukaryotes. Unlike in bacteria with nutrient import functions, ABC transporters in fungal entomopathogens serve as effective efflux pumps that are largely involved in the shuttle of metabolites across the biological membranes. Thus, the search for ABC proteins may prove of immense importance in elucidating the functional and molecular mechanism at the host-pathogen (insect-fungus) interface. Their sequence homology, domain topology, and functional traits led to the actual identification of nine different families in fungal entomopathogens. Evolutionary relationships within the ABC superfamily are discussed, concentrating on computational approaches for comparative identification of ABC transporters in insect-pathogenic fungi (entomopathogens) with those of animals, plants, and their bacterial orthologs. Ancestors of some fungal candidates have duplicated extensively in some phyla, while others were lost in one lineage or the other, and predictions for the cause of their duplications and/or loss in some phyla are made. ABC transporters of fungal insect-pathogens serve both defensive and offensive functions effective against land-dwelling and ground foraging voracious insects. This study may help to unravel the molecular cascades of ABC proteins to illuminate the means through which insects cope with fungal infection and fungal-related diseases.
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10
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Jiang L, Xu D, Chen Z, Cao Y, Gao P, Jiang Y. The putative ABC transporter encoded by the orf19.4531 plays a role in the sensitivity of Candida albicans cells to azole antifungal drugs. FEMS Yeast Res 2016; 16:fow024. [PMID: 26975389 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/fow024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters constitute a large superfamily of integral membrane proteins in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. In the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans, there are 28 genes encoding ABC transporters and many of them have not been characterized so far. The orf19.4531 (also known as IPF7530) encodes a putative ABC transporter. In this study, we have demonstrated that disruption of orf19.4531 causes C. albicans cells to become tolerant to azoles, but not to polyene antifungals and terbinafine. Therefore, the protein encoded by orf19.4531 is involved in azole sensitivity and we name it as ROA1, the regulator of azole sensitivity 1 gene. Consistently, we show that the expression of ROA1 is responsive to treatment of either fluconazole or ketoconazole inC. albicans In addition, through a GFP tagging approach, Roa1 is localized in a small punctuate compartment adjacent to the vacuolar membrane. However, ROA1 is not essential for the in vitro filamentation of C. albicans cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghuo Jiang
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Dayong Xu
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yongbing Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Pinghui Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yuanying Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Luckenbach T, Fischer S, Sturm A. Current advances on ABC drug transporters in fish. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2014; 165:28-52. [PMID: 24858718 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2014.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Most members of the large ATP-binding cassette (ABC) gene family are transporters involved in substrate translocation across biological membranes. In eukaryotes, ABC proteins functioning as drug transporters are located in the plasma membrane and mediate the cellular efflux of a wide range of organic chemicals, with some transporters also transporting certain metals. As the enhanced expression of ABC drug transporters can confer multidrug resistance (MDR) to cancers and multixenobiotic resistance (MXR) to organisms from polluted habitats, these ABC family members are also referred to as MDR or MXR proteins. In mammals, ABC drug transporters show predominant expression in tissues involved in excretion or constituting internal or external body boundaries, where they facilitate the excretion of chemicals and their metabolites, and limit chemical uptake and penetration into "sanctuary" sites of the body. Available knowledge about ABC proteins is still limited in teleost fish, a large vertebrate group of high ecological and economic importance. Using transport activity measurements and immunochemical approaches, early studies demonstrated similarities in the tissue distribution of ABC drug transporters between teleosts and mammals, suggesting conserved roles of the transporters in the biochemical defence against toxicants. Recently, the availability of teleost genome assemblies has stimulated studies of the ABC family in this taxon. This review summarises the current knowledge regarding the genetics, functional properties, physiological function, and ecotoxicological relevance of teleostean ABC transporters. The available literature is reviewed with emphasis on recent studies addressing the tissue distribution, substrate spectrum, regulation, physiological function and phylogenetic origin of teleostean ABC transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Luckenbach
- Department of Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stephan Fischer
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Department of Environmental Systems Sciences, ETH Zürich, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Armin Sturm
- Institute of Aquaculture, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK.
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12
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Yang X, Yang J, Li L, Sun L, Yi X, Han X, Si W, Yan R, Chen Z, Xie G, Li W, Shang Y, Liang J. PAAT, a novel ATPase and trans-regulator of mitochondrial ABC transporters, is critically involved in the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis. FASEB J 2014; 28:4821-34. [PMID: 25063848 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-254045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are implicated in a diverse range of physiological and pathophysiological processes, such as cholesterol and lipid transportation and multidrug resistance. Despite the considerable efforts made in understanding of the cellular function of ABC proteins, the regulation mechanism of this type of protein is still poorly defined. Here we report the identification and functional characterization of a novel ATPase protein, protein associated with ABC transporters (PAAT), in humans. PAAT contains a nucleotide-binding domain (NBD)-like domain and a signal for intramitochondrial sorting. We showed that PAAT is localized in both the cytoplasm and the mitochondria and has an intrinsic ATPase activity. PAAT physically interacts with the 3 known mitochondrial inner membrane ABC proteins, ABCB7, ABCB8, and ABCB10, but not ABCB1, ABCB6, or ABCG2, and functionally regulates the transport of ferric nutrients and heme biosynthesis. Significantly, PAAT deficiency promotes cell death, reduces mitochondrial potential, and sensitizes mitochondria to oxidative stress-induced DNA damages. Our experiments revealed that PAAT is a novel ATPase and a trans-regulator of mitochondrial ABC transporters that plays an important role in the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis and cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; and
| | - Jianguo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; and
| | - Lei Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; and
| | - Luyang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; and
| | - Xia Yi
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; and
| | - Xiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; and
| | - Wenzhe Si
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruorong Yan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; and
| | - Zhe Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; and
| | - Guojia Xie
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; and
| | - Wanjin Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; and
| | - Yongfeng Shang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Liang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; and
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13
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Srinivasan V, Pierik AJ, Lill R. Crystal structures of nucleotide-free and glutathione-bound mitochondrial ABC transporter Atm1. Science 2014; 343:1137-40. [PMID: 24604199 DOI: 10.1126/science.1246729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The yeast mitochondrial ABC transporter Atm1, in concert with glutathione, functions in the export of a substrate required for cytosolic-nuclear iron-sulfur protein biogenesis and cellular iron regulation. Defects in the human ortholog ABCB7 cause the sideroblastic anemia XLSA/A. Here, we report the crystal structures of free and glutathione-bound Atm1 in inward-facing, open conformations at 3.06- and 3.38-angstrom resolution, respectively. The glutathione binding site includes a residue mutated in XLSA/A and is located close to the inner membrane surface in a large cavity. The two nucleotide-free adenosine 5'-triphosphate binding domains do not interact yet are kept in close vicinity through tight interaction of the two C-terminal α-helices of the Atm1 dimer. The resulting protein stabilization may be a common structural feature of all ABC exporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasundara Srinivasan
- Institut für Zytobiologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Robert-Koch-Strasse 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany
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Yuan L, Geng L, Ge L, Yu P, Duan X, Chen J, Chang Y. Effect of iron liposomes on anemia of inflammation. Int J Pharm 2013; 454:82-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.06.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Revised: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Bayeva M, Khechaduri A, Wu R, Burke MA, Wasserstrom JA, Singh N, Liesa M, Shirihai OS, Langer NB, Paw BH, Ardehali H. ATP-binding cassette B10 regulates early steps of heme synthesis. Circ Res 2013; 113:279-87. [PMID: 23720443 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.113.301552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Heme plays a critical role in gas exchange, mitochondrial energy production, and antioxidant defense in cardiovascular system. The mitochondrial transporter ATP-binding cassette (ABC) B10 has been suggested to export heme out of the mitochondria and is required for normal hemoglobinization of erythropoietic cells and protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury in the heart; however, its primary function has not been established. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to identify the function of ABCB10 in heme synthesis in cardiac cells. METHODS AND RESULTS Knockdown of ABCB10 in cardiac myoblasts significantly reduced heme levels and the activities of heme-containing proteins, whereas supplementation with δ-aminolevulinic acid reversed these defects. Overexpression of mitochondrial δ-aminolevulinic acid synthase 2, the rate-limiting enzyme upstream of δ-aminolevulinic acid export, failed to restore heme levels in cells with ABCB10 downregulation. ABCB10 and heme levels were increased by hypoxia, and reversal of ABCB10 upregulation caused oxidative stress and cell death. Furthermore, ABCB10 knockdown in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes resulted in a significant delay of calcium removal from the cytoplasm, suggesting a relaxation defect. Finally, ABCB10 expression and heme levels were altered in failing human hearts and mice with ischemic cardiomyopathy. CONCLUSIONS ABCB10 plays a critical role in heme synthesis pathway by facilitating δ-aminolevulinic acid production or export from the mitochondria. In contrast to previous reports, we show that ABCB10 is not a heme exporter and instead is required for the early mitochondrial steps of heme biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Bayeva
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Arineh Khechaduri
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Rongxue Wu
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Michael A Burke
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - J Andrew Wasserstrom
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Neha Singh
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Marc Liesa
- Department of Medicine, Obesity and Nutrition Section, Mitochondria ARC, Evans Biomedical Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 650 Albany St., Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Orian S Shirihai
- Department of Medicine, Obesity and Nutrition Section, Mitochondria ARC, Evans Biomedical Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 650 Albany St., Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Nathaniel B Langer
- Hematology Division, Brigham & Women's Hospital; Hematology-Oncology Division, Children's Hospital Boston; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Barry H Paw
- Hematology Division, Brigham & Women's Hospital; Hematology-Oncology Division, Children's Hospital Boston; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Hossein Ardehali
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
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X-linked sideroblastic anemia and ataxia: a new family with identification of a fourth ABCB7 gene mutation. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2012; 16:730-5. [PMID: 22398176 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2012.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2011] [Revised: 02/11/2012] [Accepted: 02/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
X-linked sideroblastic anemia and ataxia (XLSA-A) is a rare cause of early onset ataxia, which may be overlooked due to the usually mild asymptomatic anemia. The genetic defect has been identified as a mutation in the ABCB7 gene at Xq12-q13. The gene encodes a mitochondrial ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter protein involved in iron homeostasis. Until now only three families have been reported, each with a distinct missense mutation in this gene. We describe a fourth family with XLSA-A and a novel mutation in the ABCB7 gene.
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Sheftel AD, Mason AB, Ponka P. The long history of iron in the Universe and in health and disease. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2012; 1820:161-87. [PMID: 21856378 PMCID: PMC3258305 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2011.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2011] [Revised: 07/19/2011] [Accepted: 08/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Not long after the Big Bang, iron began to play a central role in the Universe and soon became mired in the tangle of biochemistry that is the prima essentia of life. Since life's addiction to iron transcends the oxygenation of the Earth's atmosphere, living things must be protected from the potentially dangerous mix of iron and oxygen. The human being possesses grams of this potentially toxic transition metal, which is shuttling through his oxygen-rich humor. Since long before the birth of modern medicine, the blood-vibrant red from a massive abundance of hemoglobin iron-has been a focus for health experts. SCOPE OF REVIEW We describe the current understanding of iron metabolism, highlight the many important discoveries that accreted this knowledge, and describe the perils of dysfunctional iron handling. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Isaac Newton famously penned, "If I have seen further than others, it is by standing upon the shoulders of giants". We hope that this review will inspire future scientists to develop intellectual pursuits by understanding the research and ideas from many remarkable thinkers of the past. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS The history of iron research is a long, rich story with early beginnings, and is far from being finished. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Transferrins: Molecular mechanisms of iron transport and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex D. Sheftel
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin St., Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada
| | - Anne B. Mason
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT 05405-0068, USA
| | - Prem Ponka
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Côte-Ste.-Catherine Rd., Montréal, QC H3T 1E2, and Departments of Physiology and Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
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18
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Bayot A, Santos R, Camadro JM, Rustin P. Friedreich's ataxia: the vicious circle hypothesis revisited. BMC Med 2011; 9:112. [PMID: 21985033 PMCID: PMC3198887 DOI: 10.1186/1741-7015-9-112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2011] [Accepted: 10/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Friedreich's ataxia, the most frequent progressive autosomal recessive disorder involving the central and peripheral nervous systems, is mostly associated with unstable expansion of GAA trinucleotide repeats in the first intron of the FXN gene, which encodes the mitochondrial frataxin protein. Since FXN was shown to be involved in Friedreich's ataxia in the late 1990s, the consequence of frataxin loss of function has generated vigorous debate. Very early on we suggested a unifying hypothesis according to which frataxin deficiency leads to a vicious circle of faulty iron handling, impaired iron-sulphur cluster synthesis and increased oxygen radical production. However, data from cell and animal models now indicate that iron accumulation is an inconsistent and late event and that frataxin deficiency does not always impair the activity of iron-sulphur cluster-containing proteins. In contrast, frataxin deficiency appears to be consistently associated with increased sensitivity to reactive oxygen species as opposed to increased oxygen radical production. By compiling the findings of fundamental research and clinical observations we defend here the opinion that the very first consequence of frataxin depletion is indeed an abnormal oxidative status which initiates the pathogenic mechanism underlying Friedreich's ataxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Bayot
- Inserm, U676, Physiopathology and Therapy of Mitochondrial Diseases Laboratory, CHU - Hôpital Robert Debré, 48, boulevard Sérurier, F-75019 Paris, France
- Faculté de médecine Denis Diderot, Université Paris-Diderot, IFR02, 16, rue Henri Huchard, F-75018, Paris, France
| | - Renata Santos
- Institut Jacques Monod (UMR 7592 CNRS-Université Paris-Diderot), Mitochondria, Metals and Oxidative Stress Laboratory, Bâtiment Buffon - 15, rue Hélène Brion, F-75205 Paris, Cedex 13, France
| | - Jean-Michel Camadro
- Institut Jacques Monod (UMR 7592 CNRS-Université Paris-Diderot), Mitochondria, Metals and Oxidative Stress Laboratory, Bâtiment Buffon - 15, rue Hélène Brion, F-75205 Paris, Cedex 13, France
| | - Pierre Rustin
- Inserm, U676, Physiopathology and Therapy of Mitochondrial Diseases Laboratory, CHU - Hôpital Robert Debré, 48, boulevard Sérurier, F-75019 Paris, France
- Faculté de médecine Denis Diderot, Université Paris-Diderot, IFR02, 16, rue Henri Huchard, F-75018, Paris, France
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19
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Characterization of a critical role for CFTR chloride channels in cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion injury. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2011; 32:824-33. [PMID: 21642951 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2011.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To further characterize the functional role of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) in early and late (second window) ischemic preconditioning (IPC)- and postconditioning (POC)-mediated cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. METHODS CFTR knockout (CFTR(-/-)) mice and age- and gender-matched wild-type (CFTR(+/+)) and heterozygous (CFTR(+/-)) mice were used. In in vivo studies, the animals were subjected to a 30-min coronary occlusion followed by a 40-min reperfusion. In ex vivo (isolate heart) studies, a 45-min global ischemia was applied. To evaluate apoptosis, the level of activated caspase 3 and TdT-mediated dUTP-X nick end labeling (TUNEL) were examined. RESULTS In the in vivo I/R models, early IPC significantly reduced the myocardial infarct size in wild-type (CFTR(+/+)) (from 40.4% ± 5.3% to 10.4% ± 2.0%, n=8, P<0.001) and heterozygous (CFTR(+/-)) littermates (from 39.4% ± 2.4% to 15.4% ± 5.1%, n=6, P<0.001) but failed to protect CFTR knockout (CFTR(-/-)) mice from I/R induced myocardial infarction (46.9% ± 6.2% vs 55.5% ± 7.8%, n=6, P>0.5). Similar results were observed in the in vivo late IPC experiments. Furthermore, in both in vivo and ex vivo I/R models, POC significantly reduced myocardial infarction in wild-type mice, but not in CFTR knockout mice. In ex vivo I/R models, targeted inactivation of CFTR gene abolished the protective effects of IPC against I/R-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSION These results provide compelling evidence for a critical role for CFTR Cl(-) channels in IPC- and POC-mediated cardioprotection against I/R-induced myocardial injury.
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20
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Goulart L, Rosa e Silva LK, Chiapello L, Silveira C, Crestani J, Masih D, Vainstein MH. Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii genes preferentially expressed during rat macrophage infection. Med Mycol 2011; 48:932-41. [PMID: 20302549 DOI: 10.3109/13693781003677494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii are encapsulated yeast agents of cryptococcosis and facultative intracellular pathogens. The interaction of these yeasts with macrophages is essential for containing the infection. However, Cryptococcus spp. overcome this initial host defense barrier using a unique pathogenic strategy involving intracellular replication and cytoplasmic accumulation of polysaccharide-containing vesicles. Here, we employed representational difference analysis (RDA) to identify C. neoformans and C. gattii genes differentially expressed during intracellular growth in rat peritoneal macrophages. The upregulated transcripts of C. neoformans during macrophage interaction were related to ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, intra-golgi transport, chaperone activity, ribosomal maintenance, NAD metabolism, histone methylation, stress response, and monosaccharide metabolism. In contrast, with C. gattii, upregulated genes were associated with cell growth, aerobic respiration, protein binding, microtubule nucleation, monosaccharides and nitrogen metabolism, inositol or phosphatidylinositol phosphatase activity, cellular signaling, and stress response. Our findings reveal new genes that may be necessary for the intracellular parasitism of C. neoformans and C. gattii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Goulart
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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21
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Sachrajda I, Ratajewski M. Mithramycin A suppresses expression of the human melanoma-associated gene ABCB8. Mol Genet Genomics 2010; 285:57-65. [PMID: 21046154 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-010-0586-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2010] [Accepted: 10/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The role of the ABCB8 gene in human cells is poorly understood, although it has been suggested to be involved in multidrug resistance in some types of cancers (e.g., melanomas). In this study, the main mechanism of transcriptional regulation of the ABCB8 gene was characterized. EMSA and ChIP assays revealed that the transcription factor Sp1 binds to the ABCB8 core promoter region, and Sp1 consensus elements were crucial for promoter activity in a luciferase reporter gene assay. Mithramycin A, an inhibitor of Sp1 binding, downregulated the expression of ABCB8 (and other ABC genes) in a concentration-dependent manner and sensitized a melanoma cell line to doxorubicin treatment. These findings may have therapeutic applications in at least a subset of melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Sachrajda
- Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodowa 106, 93-232 Lodz, Poland
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22
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Characterization of functional activity of ABCB1 and ABCC1 proteins in eggs and embryonic cells of the sea urchin Echinometra lucunter. Biosci Rep 2010; 30:257-65. [PMID: 19689431 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20090081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
ABC transporter (ATP-binding-cassette transporter) proteins have been strongly associated with the phenomenon of multidrug resistance in cancer cells. Furthermore, their physiological expression has been studied in many organisms, including bacteria, fungi, plants and vertebrate or invertebrate animals. Their widespread expression through the evolution demonstrates their relevance to the survival of living things. In the present study, we characterized the functional activity of ABCB1 and ABCC1 proteins in gametes and embryonic cells of the sea urchin Echinometra lucunter. The ABC transporter proteins' functional activity was up-regulated post-fertilization. Eggs and spermatozoa of E. lucunter accumulated more C-AM (calcein acetoxymethyl ester), a fluorescent substrate of ABCB1 and ABCC1 proteins, than embryonic cells. Verapamil, reversin 205 and indomethacin were able to increase C-AM influx in eggs and embryos. However, verapamil and reversin 205 were more efficient than indomethacin, suggesting a predominance of ABCB1 protein over ABCC1 protein activity. Multidrug resistance modulating agents, at the concentration range that inhibited ABC transporter proteins, did not block the embryonic development until blastula stage. However, inhibition of ABCB1-mediated efflux by reversin 205 circumvented resistance of embryos to the antimitotic vinca alkaloid vinblastine. Embryonic development was more efficiently blocked when colchicine was previously added to eggs than to embryos 5 min after fertilization. This set of results suggests that these proteins act as a fundamental biochemical barrier conferring a protective physiological role against toxic xenobiotics in E. lucunter embryos.
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23
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Miao R, Kim H, Koppolu UMK, Ellis EA, Scott RA, Lindahl PA. Biophysical characterization of the iron in mitochondria from Atm1p-depleted Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochemistry 2009; 48:9556-68. [PMID: 19761223 DOI: 10.1021/bi901110n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Atm1p is an ABC transporter localized in the mitochondrial inner membrane; it functions to export an unknown species into the cytosol and is involved in cellular iron metabolism. Depletion or deletion of Atm1p causes Fe accumulation in mitochondria and a defect in cytosolic Fe/S cluster assembly but reportedly not a defect in mitochondrial Fe/S cluster assembly. In this study the nature of the accumulated Fe was examined using Mossbauer spectroscopy, EPR, electronic absorption spectroscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and electron microscopy. The Fe that accumulated in aerobically grown cells was in the form of iron(III) phosphate nanoparticles similar to that which accumulates in yeast frataxin Yfh1p-deleted or yeast ferredoxin Yah1p-depleted cells. Relative to WT mitochondria, Fe/S cluster and heme levels in Atm1p-depleted mitochondria from aerobic cells were significantly diminished. Atm1p depletion also caused a buildup of nonheme Fe(II) ions in the mitochondria and an increase in oxidative damage. Atm1p-depleted mitochondria isolated from anaerobically grown cells exhibited WT levels of Fe/S clusters and hemes, and they did not hyperaccumulate Fe. Atm1p-depleted cells lacked Leu1p activity, regardless of whether they were grown aerobically or anaerobically. These results indicate that Atm1p does not participate in mitochondrial Fe/S cluster assembly and that the species exported by Atm1p is required for cytosolic Fe/S cluster assembly. The Fe/S cluster defect and the Fe-accumulation phenotype, resulting from the depletion of Atm1p in aerobic cells (but not in anaerobic cells), may be secondary effects that are observed only when cells are exposed to oxygen during growth. Reactive oxygen species generated under these conditions might degrade iron-sulfur clusters and lower heme levels in the organelle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Miao
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, USA
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Severance
- Department of Animal & Avian Sciences and Department of Cell Biology & Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Iqbal Hamza
- Department of Animal & Avian Sciences and Department of Cell Biology & Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
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25
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Pomahacová B, Dusek J, Dusková J, Yazaki K, Roytrakul S, Verpoorte R. Improved accumulation of ajmalicine and tetrahydroalstonine in Catharanthus cells expressing an ABC transporter. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2009; 166:1405-1412. [PMID: 19403195 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2009.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2008] [Revised: 02/22/2009] [Accepted: 02/23/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The biosynthetic pathway of monoterpenoid indole alkaloids in Catharanthus roseus is located throughout various membranes at both the cellular and intercellular levels. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are known to export vincristine and vinblastine from human cancer cells. It has recently been shown that ABC transporters are also involved in the transport of various monoterpenoid alkaloids in Catharanthus roseus cells. Over-expression of an ABC transporter in this plant might therefore affect the regulation of the alkaloid biosynthetic pathway. CjMDR1, an ABC transporter gene originally isolated from Coptis japonica, was expressed in Catharanthus roseus cell cultures. Cells showing a positive PCR signal of the transgene in both cDNA and genomic DNA samples were subject to transport studies using selected substrates. Unexpectedly, transport of the isoquinoline alkaloid berberine, the main substrate of CjMDR1 transporter in Coptis japonica, was not affected as compared with control and wild-type Catharanthus cells. On the other hand, the endogenous alkaloids ajmalicine and tetrahydroalstonine were accumulated significantly more in Catharanthus roseus cells expressing CjMDR1 in comparison with control lines after feeding these alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Pomahacová
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Section Metabolomics, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, PO Box 9502, Leiden 2333 CC, The Netherlands.
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Elliott AM, Al-Hajj MA. ABCB8 mediates doxorubicin resistance in melanoma cells by protecting the mitochondrial genome. Mol Cancer Res 2009; 7:79-87. [PMID: 19147539 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-08-0235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite their initial effectiveness in the treatment of melanoma, chemotherapeutic agents are ultimately futile against this most aggressive form of skin cancer, and patients inevitably succumb to the disease. One of the mechanisms by which residual melanoma cells become chemoresistant is via the decreased efficiency of chemotherapeutics through the action of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) proteins that are variably expressed by the tumor cells. The clinical relevance of the ABC transporters in the context of cancer is paramount. Inhibitors of these transporters have been shown to increase the efficacy of standard therapy in experimental systems. Their clinical application requires better understanding of the role individual transporters play in the mechanism and the development of more specific inhibitors with minimal off target effects. ABC transporters in tumor cells have been shown to confer multidrug resistance in many solid tumors. However, their role in melanomas is far from clear. Here, we prospectively identify ABCB8 as a specific and major player in the chemoresistance of several melanoma cell lines. ABCB8 knockdown with shRNA reduced doxorubicin resistance approximately 3- to 4-fold in these cells. Furthermore, we show that this reversal is specific to doxorubicin and not to other commonly used chemotherapeutics. Our results also provide evidence that ABCB8 conferred resistance through the protection of mitochondrial DNA from doxorubicin-induced DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M Elliott
- MedImmune (AstraZeneca Biologics Unit), One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
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27
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Zutz A, Gompf S, Schägger H, Tampé R. Mitochondrial ABC proteins in health and disease. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2009; 1787:681-90. [PMID: 19248758 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2009.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2008] [Revised: 02/12/2009] [Accepted: 02/13/2009] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
ABC transporters represent one of the largest families of membrane proteins that are found in all three phyla of life. Mitochondria comprise up to four ABC systems, ABCB7/ATM1, ABCB10/MDL1, ABCB8 and ABCB6. These half-transporters, which assemble into homodimeric complexes, are involved in a number of key cellular processes, e.g. biogenesis of cytosolic iron-sulfur clusters, heme biosynthesis, iron homeostasis, multidrug resistance, and protection against oxidative stress. Here, we summarize recent advances and emerging themes in our understanding of how these ABC systems in the inner and outer mitochondrial membrane fulfill their functions in important (patho) physiological processes, including neurodegenerative and hematological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Zutz
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biocenter, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60348 Frankfurt a.M., Germany
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28
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Kambe T, Weaver BP, Andrews GK. The genetics of essential metal homeostasis during development. Genesis 2008; 46:214-28. [PMID: 18395838 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.20382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The essential metals copper, zinc, and iron play key roles in embryonic, fetal, and postnatal development in higher eukaryotes. Recent advances in our understanding of the molecules involved in the intricate control of the homeostasis of these metals and the availability of natural mutations and targeted mutations in many of the genes involved have allowed for elucidation of the diverse roles of these metals during development. Evidence suggests that the ability of the embryo to control the homeostasis of these metals becomes essential at the blastocyst stage and during early morphogenesis. However, these metals play unique roles throughout development and exert pleiotropic, metal-specific, and often cell-specific effects on morphogenesis, growth, and differentiation. Herein, we briefly review the major players known to be involved in the homeostasis of each of these essential metals and their known roles in development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiho Kambe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160-7421, USA
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