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Far BF, Safaei M, Pourmolaei A, Adibamini S, Shirdel S, Shirdel S, Emadi R, Kaushik AK. Exploring Curcumin-Loaded Lipid-Based Nanomedicine as Efficient Targeted Therapy for Alzheimer's Diseases. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:3535-3555. [PMID: 38768054 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurological condition currently with 47 million people suffering from it globally. AD might have many reasons such as genetic issues, environmental factors, and Aβ accumulation, which is the biomarker of the disease. Since the primary reason is unknown, there is no targeted treatment at the moment, but ongoing research aims to slow its progression by managing amyloid-beta peptide production rather than symptomatic improvement. Since phytochemicals have been demonstrated to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties, they may target multiple pathological factors and can reduce the risk of the disease. Curcumin, as a phytochemical found in turmeric known for its antioxidant, free radical scavenging properties, and as an antiamyloid in treating AD, has come under investigation. Although its low bioavailability limits its efficacy, a prominent drug delivery system (DDS) is desired to overcome it. Hence, the potency of lipid-based nanoparticles encapsulating curcumin (LNPs-CUR) is considered in this study as a promising DDS. In vivo studies in animal models indicate LNPs-CUR effectively slow amyloid plaque formation, leading to cognitive enhancement and reduced toxicity compared to free CUR. However, a deeper understanding of CUR's pharmacokinetics and safety profile is crucial before LNPs-CUR can be considered as a medicine. Future investigations may explore the combination of NPs with other therapeutic agents to increase their efficacy in AD cases. This review provides the current position of CUR in the AD therapy paradigm, the DDS suggestions for CUR, and the previous research from the point of analytical view focused on the advantages and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Farasati Far
- Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 1684613114, Iran
| | - Maryam Safaei
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, 99628 Famagusta, Turkey
| | - Ali Pourmolaei
- Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Shariati Avenue, Babol 4714871167, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Shaghyegh Adibamini
- Plasma Physics Research Center, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893855, Iran
| | - Shiva Shirdel
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran
| | - Shabnam Shirdel
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran
| | - Reza Emadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry & Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran 1417935840, Iran
| | - Ajeet Kumar Kaushik
- NanoBioTech Laboratory, Department of Environmental Engineering, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, Florida 33805, United States
- School of Technology, Woxsen University, Telangana 502345, India
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Zheng LJ, Lin L, Schoepf UJ, Varga-Szemes A, Savage RH, Zhang H, Wang YF, Zhang XY, Luo S, Liu Y, Yang GF, Lu GM, Zhang LJ. Different posterior hippocampus and default mode network modulation in young APOE ε4 carriers: a functional connectome-informed phenotype longitudinal study. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:2757-2769. [PMID: 33496907 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02292-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
To determine the functional connectome change pattern based on subregions of the hippocampus in young APOEε4 carriers during a 3-year follow-up. All the participants (n = 213) were tested for resting-state functional MRI, neuropsychological scales, and APOE genotype. The age- and sex-matched APOE ε4/ε3 (23.9 ± 3.2 years old, 6 female/7 male) carriers and APOE ε3/ε3 (22.9 ± 1.6 years old, 7 female/12 male) carriers were finally followed up. The hippocampus and its anterior/middle/posterior subregion-based functional connectivity (FC) patterns were compared between APOEε4 and APOEε3 groups by a two-sample t-test at baseline and mixed-effect analysis at follow-up. The effective connectivity (EC) patterns among the altered regions of interaction effect were examined in the APOEε4 groups. APOEε4 carries displayed saliently enhanced FC in the right anterior/middle hippocampus and core regions of the default mode network (DMN) (P < 0.05 by Gaussian Random Fields (GRF) correction). However, the APOEε4-by-time interaction was evident in the middle/posterior hippocampus with connection to the lateral temporal lobe and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) (P < 0.05 by GRF correction). Moreover, the APOEε4 group at follow-up showed increased EC separately from both the left middle hippocampus and lateral temporal lobe to the left posterior hippocampus, and its changes of FC/EC significantly correlated with altered memory function. The posterior hippocampus might be especially vulnerable to early modulation in young APOEε4 carriers. Its connection with the lateral temporal lobe, rather than with DMN, might be the early compensative mechanism of memory function regulation influenced by APOE ε4 in the young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Juan Zheng
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 Zhongshan East Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 Zhongshan East Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - U Joseph Schoepf
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 Zhongshan East Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China.,Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Ashley River Tower, MSC 226, 25 Courtenay Dr, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Akos Varga-Szemes
- Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Ashley River Tower, MSC 226, 25 Courtenay Dr, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Rock H Savage
- Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Ashley River Tower, MSC 226, 25 Courtenay Dr, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 Zhongshan East Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yun Fei Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 Zhongshan East Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Yuan Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 Zhongshan East Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Song Luo
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 Zhongshan East Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ya Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 Zhongshan East Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gui Fen Yang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 Zhongshan East Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guang Ming Lu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 Zhongshan East Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Long Jiang Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 Zhongshan East Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China.
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Zhang Y, Liu Z, Ji B, Liu L, Wu S, Liu X, Wang S, Wang L. Metabolite Profile of Alzheimer's Disease in the Frontal Cortex as Analyzed by HRMAS 1H NMR. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 10:424. [PMID: 30687076 PMCID: PMC6333733 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Investigation on neurochemical changes in the frontal cortex in individuals with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and different Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes, using ex vivo solid-state high-resolution NMR analysis, may lead to a better understanding of the neurochemistry associated with AD as well as new AD-specific metabolite biomarkers that might potentially improve the clinical diagnosis of AD. Methods: Intact tissue samples of the frontal cortex were obtained from 11 patients and 11 age-matched non-demented controls. Metabolite profiles in all samples were analyzed ex vivo, using solid-state high-resolution magic angle spinning (HRMAS) 600 MHz 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). A logistic regression analysis was used to rank metabolites based on their level of contribution in differentiating the AD patient tissues and the controls, and different AD-associated APOE genotypes (APOE ε4 vs. APOE ε3). Results: Tissue samples from the AD patients showed significantly lower NAA/Cr (p = 0.011), Ace/Cr (p = 0.027), GABA/Cr (p = 0.005), Asp/Cr (p < 0.0001), mI/Cr (p < 0.0001), and Tau/Cr (p = 0.021), and higher PCho/Cr (p < 0.0001), GPCho/Cr (p < 0.0001), and α&β-Glc/Cr (p < 0.0001) than the controls did. Specifically, a newly observed resonance at 3.71 ppm, referred to as α&β-Glc, was observed in 90.9% of the AD samples (10/11). Samples with APOE ε4 also exhibited higher PCho/Cr (p = 0.0002), GPCho/Cr (p = 0.0001), α&β-Glc/Cr (p < 0.0001), and lower Asp/Cr (p = 0.004) and GABA/Cr (p = 0.04) than the samples with APOE ε3 did. In the logistic regression analysis, PCho, GPCho, ASP, and α&β-Glc were found to be the most relevant metabolites for differentiating the AD patient tissues and the controls, and different APOE genotypes. Conclusion: HRMAS 1H NMR with high spectral resolution and sensitivity offers a powerful tool to gain quantitative information on AD associated neurochemical changes. There are important neurochemical differences in the frontal cortex between the AD patient tissues and the controls, and between those with different APOE genotypes. The resonance (α&β-Glc) found at 3.71 ppm in the AD patient tissues may be further investigated for its potential in the diagnosis and monitoring of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhou Liu
- Graduate School, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Bing Ji
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Lijian Liu
- Graduate School, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shaoxiong Wu
- Department of Chemistry, NMR Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Xiaowu Liu
- Yiwei Medical Technology, Inc., Shenzhen, China
| | - Silun Wang
- Yiwei Medical Technology, Inc., Shenzhen, China
| | - Liya Wang
- Graduate School, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
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Tang X, Cai F, Ding DX, Zhang LL, Cai XY, Fang Q. Magnetic resonance imaging relaxation time in Alzheimer's disease. Brain Res Bull 2018; 140:176-189. [PMID: 29738781 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) relaxation time constants, T1 and T2, are sensitive to changes in brain tissue microstructure integrity. Quantitative T1 and T2 relaxation times have been proposed to serve as non-invasive biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD), in which alterations are believed to not only reflect AD-related neuropathology but also cognitive impairment. In this review, we summarize the applications and key findings of MRI techniques in the context of both AD subjects and AD transgenic mouse models. Furthermore, the possible mechanisms of relaxation time alterations in AD will be discussed. Future studies could focus on relaxation time alterations in the early stage of AD, and longitudinal studies are needed to further explore relaxation time alterations during disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Tang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 899, Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Feng Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 899, Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Dong-Xue Ding
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 899, Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Lu-Lu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 899, Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Xiu-Ying Cai
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 899, Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China.
| | - Qi Fang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 899, Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China.
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