1
|
Cascetta G, Colombo G, Eremita G, Garcia JGN, Lenti MV, Di Sabatino A, Travelli C. Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines: the hidden keys to autoimmune gastritis therapy. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1450558. [PMID: 39193325 PMCID: PMC11347309 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1450558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune gastritis (AIG) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the destruction of gastric parietal cells and atrophy of the oxyntic mucosa which induces intrinsic factor deficiency and hypo-achlorhydria. AIG predominantly affects the antral mucosa with AIG patients experiencing increased inflammation and a predisposition toward the development of gastric adenocarcinoma and type I neuroendocrine tumors. The exact pathogenesis of this autoimmune disorder is incompletely understood although dysregulated immunological mechanisms appear to major contributors. This review of autoimmune gastritis, an unmet medical need, summarizes current knowledge on pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and strategies for the discovery of novel biomarkers and potential pharmacological targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Greta Cascetta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giorgia Colombo
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Gianmarco Eremita
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Joe G. N. Garcia
- Center for Inflammation Science and Systems Medicine, University of Florida Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, United States
| | - Marco Vincenzo Lenti
- First Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Sabatino
- First Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Cristina Travelli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Buchanan BC, Tang Y, Lopez H, Casanova NG, Garcia JGN, Yoon JY. Development of a cloud-based flow rate tool for eNAMPT biomarker detection. PNAS NEXUS 2024; 3:pgae173. [PMID: 38711808 PMCID: PMC11071447 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Increased levels of extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (eNAMPT) are increasingly recognized as a highly useful biomarker of inflammatory disease and disease severity. In preclinical animal studies, a monoclonal antibody that neutralizes eNAMPT has been generated to successfully reduce the extent of inflammatory cascade activation. Thus, the rapid detection of eNAMPT concentration in plasma samples at the point of care (POC) would be of great utility in assessing the benefit of administering an anti-eNAMPT therapeutic. To determine the feasibility of this POC test, we conducted a particle immunoagglutination assay on a paper microfluidic platform and quantified its extent with a flow rate measurement in less than 1 min. A smartphone and cloud-based Google Colab were used to analyze the flow rates automatically. A horizontal flow model and an immunoagglutination binding model were evaluated to optimize the detection time, sample dilution, and particle concentration. This assay successfully detected eNAMPT in both human whole blood and plasma samples (diluted to 10 and 1%), with the limit of detection of 1-20 pg/mL (equivalent to 0.1-0.2 ng/mL in undiluted blood and plasma) and a linear range of 5-40 pg/mL. Furthermore, the smartphone POC assay distinguished clinical samples with low, mid, and high eNAMPT concentrations. Together, these results indicate this POC assay, which utilizes low-cost materials, time-effective methods, and a straightforward immunoassay (without surface immobilization), may reliably allow rapid determination of eNAMPT blood/plasma levels to advantage patient stratification in clinical trials and guide ALT-100 mAb therapeutic decision-making.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bailey C Buchanan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, 1127 E. James E. Rogers Way, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Yisha Tang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, 1127 E. James E. Rogers Way, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Hannah Lopez
- Department of Neuroscience, The University of Arizona, 1040 E. 4th Street, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Nancy G Casanova
- Center for Inflammation Science and Systems Medicine, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Research Institute for Biomedical Innovation and Technology, University of Florida, 120 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Joe G N Garcia
- Center for Inflammation Science and Systems Medicine, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Research Institute for Biomedical Innovation and Technology, University of Florida, 120 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Jeong-Yeol Yoon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, 1127 E. James E. Rogers Way, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Halpern MD, Gupta A, Zaghloul N, Thulasingam S, Calton CM, Camp SM, Garcia JGN, Ahmed M. Extracellular Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase Is a Therapeutic Target in Experimental Necrotizing Enterocolitis. Biomedicines 2024; 12:970. [PMID: 38790933 PMCID: PMC11118767 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12050970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most common gastrointestinal emergency of prematurity. Postulated mechanisms leading to inflammatory necrosis of the ileum and colon include activation of the pathogen recognition receptor Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and decreased levels of transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ). Extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (eNAMPT), a novel damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP), is a TLR4 ligand and plays a role in a number of inflammatory disease processes. To test the hypothesis that eNAMPT is involved in NEC, an eNAMPT-neutralizing monoclonal antibody, ALT-100, was used in a well-established animal model of NEC. Preterm Sprague-Dawley pups delivered prematurely from timed-pregnant dams were exposed to hypoxia/hypothermia and randomized to control-foster mother dam-fed rats, injected IP with saline (vehicle) 48 h after delivery; control + mAB-foster dam-fed rats, injected IP with 10 µg of ALT-100 at 48 h post-delivery; NEC-orally gavaged, formula-fed rats injected with saline; and NEC + mAb-formula-fed rats, injected IP with 10 µg of ALT-100 at 48 h. The distal ileum was processed 96 h after C-section delivery for histological, biochemical, molecular, and RNA sequencing studies. Saline-treated NEC pups exhibited markedly increased fecal blood and histologic ileal damage compared to controls (q < 0.0001), and findings significantly reduced in ALT-100 mAb-treated NEC pups (q < 0.01). Real-time PCR in ileal tissues revealed increased NAMPT in NEC pups compared to pups that received the ALT-100 mAb (p < 0.01). Elevated serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and NAMPT were observed in NEC pups compared to NEC + mAb pups (p < 0.01). Finally, RNA-Seq confirmed dysregulated TGFβ and TLR4 signaling pathways in NEC pups that were attenuated by ALT-100 mAb treatment. These data strongly support the involvement of eNAMPT in NEC pathobiology and eNAMPT neutralization as a strategy to address the unmet need for NEC therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa D. Halpern
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Akash Gupta
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Nahla Zaghloul
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Senthilkumar Thulasingam
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Christine M. Calton
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Sara M. Camp
- Center for Inflammation Science and Systems Medicine, University of Florida Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA (J.G.N.G.)
| | - Joe G. N. Garcia
- Center for Inflammation Science and Systems Medicine, University of Florida Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA (J.G.N.G.)
| | - Mohamed Ahmed
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen Y, Wang T, Liang F, Han J, Lou Z, Yu Y, Li J, Zhan T, Gu Y, Dong L, Jiang B, Zhang W, Wu M, Lu Y. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase prompts bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by driving macrophage M2 polarization in mice. Theranostics 2024; 14:2794-2815. [PMID: 38773984 PMCID: PMC11103509 DOI: 10.7150/thno.94482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an irreversible, fatal interstitial lung disease lacking specific therapeutics. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), the rate-limiting enzyme of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) salvage biosynthesis pathway and a cytokine, has been previously reported as a biomarker for lung diseases; however, the role of NAMPT in pulmonary fibrosis has not been elucidated. Methods: We identified the NAMPT level changes in pulmonary fibrosis by analyzing public RNA-Seq databases, verified in collected clinical samples and mice pulmonary fibrosis model by Western blotting, qRT-PCR, ELISA and Immunohistochemical staining. We investigated the role and mechanism of NAMPT in lung fibrosis by using pharmacological inhibition on NAMPT and Nampt transgenic mice. In vivo macrophage depletion by clodronate liposomes and reinfusion of IL-4-induced M2 bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from wild-type mice, combined with in vitro cell experiments, were performed to further validate the mechanism underlying NAMPT involving lung fibrosis. Results: We found that NAMPT increased in the lungs of patients with IPF and mice with bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis. NAMPT inhibitor FK866 alleviated BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice and significantly reduced NAMPT levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). The lung single-cell RNA sequencing showed that NAMPT expression in monocytes/macrophages of IPF patients was much higher than in other lung cells. Knocking out NAMPT in mouse monocytes/macrophages (Namptfl/fl;Cx3cr1CreER) significantly alleviated BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice, decreased NAMPT levels in BALF, reduced the infiltration of M2 macrophages in the lungs and improved mice survival. Depleting monocytes/macrophages in Namptfl/fl;Cx3cr1CreER mice by clodronate liposomes and subsequent pulmonary reinfusion of IL-4-induced M2 BMDMs from wild-type mice, reversed the protective effect of monocyte/macrophage NAMPT-deletion on lung fibrosis. In vitro experiments confirmed that the mechanism of NAMPT engaged in pulmonary fibrosis is related to the released NAMPT by macrophages promoting M2 polarization in a non-enzyme-dependent manner by activating the STAT6 signal pathway. Conclusions: NAMPT prompts bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by driving macrophage M2 polarization in mice. Targeting the NAMPT of monocytes/macrophages is a promising strategy for treating pulmonary fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fuxiang Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jia Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhiling Lou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yifan Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jinsheng Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Tianwei Zhan
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yuqing Gu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lingjun Dong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Weiping Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ming Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yunbi Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Farh MEA, Kim HJ, Kim SY, Lee JH, Lee H, Cui R, Han S, Kim DW, Park S, Lee YJ, Lee YS, Sohn I, Cho J. Transcriptional Changes in Radiation-Induced Lung Injury: A Comparative Analysis of Two Radiation Doses for Preclinical Research. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3766. [PMID: 38612576 PMCID: PMC11011446 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In a recent stereotactic body radiation therapy animal model, radiation pneumonitis and radiation pulmonary fibrosis were observed at around 2 and 6 weeks, respectively. However, the molecular signature of this model remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the molecular characteristics at these two stages using RNA-seq analysis. Transcriptomic profiling revealed distinct transcriptional patterns for each stage. Inflammatory response and immune cell activation were involved in both stages. Cell cycle processes and response to type II interferons were observed during the inflammation stage. Extracellular matrix organization and immunoglobulin production were noted during the fibrosis stage. To investigate the impact of a 10 Gy difference on fibrosis progression, doses of 45, 55, and 65 Gy were tested. A dose of 65 Gy was selected and compared with 75 Gy. The 65 Gy dose induced inflammation and fibrosis as well as the 75 Gy dose, but with reduced lung damage, fewer inflammatory cells, and decreased collagen deposition, particularly during the inflammation stage. Transcriptomic analysis revealed significant overlap, but differences were observed and clarified in Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway analysis, potentially influenced by changes in interferon-gamma-mediated lipid metabolism. This suggests the suitability of 65 Gy for future preclinical basic and pharmaceutical research connected with radiation-induced lung injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El-Agamy Farh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (M.E.-A.F.); (H.-J.K.); (S.-Y.K.); (J.-H.L.); (H.L.); (R.C.); (S.H.); (D.W.K.); (S.P.)
- Drug Development Team, ARONTIER, Co., Ltd., Seoul 06735, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyun-Jin Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (M.E.-A.F.); (H.-J.K.); (S.-Y.K.); (J.-H.L.); (H.L.); (R.C.); (S.H.); (D.W.K.); (S.P.)
| | - Sang-Yeon Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (M.E.-A.F.); (H.-J.K.); (S.-Y.K.); (J.-H.L.); (H.L.); (R.C.); (S.H.); (D.W.K.); (S.P.)
| | - Jae-Hee Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (M.E.-A.F.); (H.-J.K.); (S.-Y.K.); (J.-H.L.); (H.L.); (R.C.); (S.H.); (D.W.K.); (S.P.)
| | - Hajeong Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (M.E.-A.F.); (H.-J.K.); (S.-Y.K.); (J.-H.L.); (H.L.); (R.C.); (S.H.); (D.W.K.); (S.P.)
| | - Ronglan Cui
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (M.E.-A.F.); (H.-J.K.); (S.-Y.K.); (J.-H.L.); (H.L.); (R.C.); (S.H.); (D.W.K.); (S.P.)
| | - Soorim Han
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (M.E.-A.F.); (H.-J.K.); (S.-Y.K.); (J.-H.L.); (H.L.); (R.C.); (S.H.); (D.W.K.); (S.P.)
| | - Dong Wook Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (M.E.-A.F.); (H.-J.K.); (S.-Y.K.); (J.-H.L.); (H.L.); (R.C.); (S.H.); (D.W.K.); (S.P.)
| | - Sunjoo Park
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (M.E.-A.F.); (H.-J.K.); (S.-Y.K.); (J.-H.L.); (H.L.); (R.C.); (S.H.); (D.W.K.); (S.P.)
| | - Yoon-Jin Lee
- Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Science, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yun-Sil Lee
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea;
| | - Insuk Sohn
- Drug Development Team, ARONTIER, Co., Ltd., Seoul 06735, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jaeho Cho
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (M.E.-A.F.); (H.-J.K.); (S.-Y.K.); (J.-H.L.); (H.L.); (R.C.); (S.H.); (D.W.K.); (S.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Casanova NG, De Armond RL, Sammani S, Sun X, Sun B, Kempf C, Bime C, Garcia JGN, Parthasarathy S. Circadian disruption dysregulates lung gene expression associated with inflammatory lung injury. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1348181. [PMID: 38558813 PMCID: PMC10979643 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1348181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Rationale Circadian systems drive the expression of multiple genes in nearly all cells and coordinate cellular-, tissue-, and system-level processes that are critical to innate immunity regulation. Objective We examined the effects of circadian rhythm disorganization, produced by light shift exposure, on innate immunity-mediated inflammatory lung responses including vascular permeability and gene expression in a C57BL/6J murine model of inflammatory lung injury. Methods A total of 32 C57BL/6J mice were assigned to circadian phase shifting (CPS) with intratracheal phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), CPS with intratracheal lipopolysaccharide (LPS), control (normal lighting) condition with intratracheal PBS, and control condition with intratracheal LPS. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) protein, cell counts, tissue immunostaining, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were measured in lung tissues at 2 and 10 weeks. Measurements and results In mice exposed to both CPS and intratracheal LPS, both BAL protein and cell counts were increased at both 2 and 10 weeks compared to mice exposed to LPS alone. Multiple DEGs were identified in CPS-LPS-exposed lung tissues compared to LPS alone and were involved in transcriptional pathways associated with circadian rhythm disruption, regulation of lung permeability, inflammation with Rap1 signaling, and regulation of actin cytoskeleton. The most dysregulated pathways included myosin light chain kinase, MAP kinase, profilin 2, fibroblast growth factor receptor, integrin b4, and p21-activated kinase. Conclusion Circadian rhythm disruption results in exacerbated immune response and dysregulated expression of cytoskeletal genes involved in the regulation of epithelial and vascular barrier integrity-the mechanistic underpinnings of acute lung injury. Further studies need to explore circadian disorganization as a druggable target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy G. Casanova
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Florida Scripps Biomedical Research, Jupiter, FL, United States
| | - Richard L. De Armond
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
- University of Arizona Health Science – Center for Sleep and Circadian Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Saad Sammani
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Xiaoguang Sun
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Belinda Sun
- Department of Pathology, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Carrie Kempf
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Florida Scripps Biomedical Research, Jupiter, FL, United States
| | - Christian Bime
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Joe G. N. Garcia
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Florida Scripps Biomedical Research, Jupiter, FL, United States
| | - Sairam Parthasarathy
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
- University of Arizona Health Science – Center for Sleep and Circadian Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kempf CL, Song JH, Sammani S, Bermudez T, Reyes Hernon V, Tang L, Cai H, Camp SM, Johnson CA, Basiouny MS, Bloomquist LA, Rioux JS, White CW, Veress LA, Garcia JGN. TLR4 Ligation by eNAMPT, a Novel DAMP, is Essential to Sulfur Mustard- Induced Inflammatory Lung Injury and Fibrosis. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2024; 6:389-397. [PMID: 38390523 PMCID: PMC10883439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Objective Human and preclinical studies of sulfur mustard (SM)-induced acute and chronic lung injuries highlight the role of unremitting inflammation. We assessed the utility of targeting the novel DAMP and TLR4 ligand, eNAMPT (extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase), utilizing a humanized mAb (ALT-100) in rat models of SM exposure. Methods Acute (SM 4.2 mg/kg, 24 hrs), subacute (SM 0.8 mg/kg, day 7), subacute (SM 2.1 mg/kg, day 14), and chronic (SM 1.2 mg/kg, day 29) SM models were utilized. Results Each SM model exhibited significant increases in eNAMPT expression (lung homogenates) and increased levels of phosphorylated NFkB and NOX4. Lung fibrosis (Trichrome staining) was observed in both sub-acute and chronic SM models in conjunction with elevated smooth muscle actin (SMA), TGFβ, and IL-1β expression. SM-exposed rats receiving ALT-100 (1 or 4 mg/kg, weekly) exhibited increased survival, highly significant reductions in histologic/biochemical evidence of lung inflammation and fibrosis (Trichrome staining, decreased pNFkB, SMA, TGFβ, NOX4), decreased airways strictures, and decreased plasma cytokine levels (eNAMPT, IL-6, IL-1β. TNFα). Conclusion The highly druggable, eNAMPT/TLR4 signaling pathway is a key contributor to SM-induced ROS production, inflammatory lung injury and fibrosis. The ALT-100 mAb is a potential medical countermeasure to address the unmet need to reduce SM-associated lung pathobiology/mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carrie L Kempf
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ
| | - Jin H Song
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ
| | - Saad Sammani
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ
| | - Tadeo Bermudez
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ
| | | | - Lin Tang
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ
| | - Hua Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Sara M Camp
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ
| | - Carly A Johnson
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Advanced Drug Development, University of Colorado Anschutz Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Mohamed S Basiouny
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Advanced Drug Development, University of Colorado Anschutz Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Leslie A Bloomquist
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Advanced Drug Development, University of Colorado Anschutz Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Jacqueline S Rioux
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Advanced Drug Development, University of Colorado Anschutz Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Carl W White
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Advanced Drug Development, University of Colorado Anschutz Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Livia A Veress
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Advanced Drug Development, University of Colorado Anschutz Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Joe G N Garcia
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu Z, Sammani S, Barber CJ, Kempf CL, Li F, Yang Z, Bermudez RT, Camp SM, Herndon VR, Furenlid LR, Martin DR, Garcia JGN. An eNAMPT-neutralizing mAb reduces post-infarct myocardial fibrosis and left ventricular dysfunction. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116103. [PMID: 38160623 PMCID: PMC10872269 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) triggers adverse ventricular remodeling (VR), cardiac fibrosis, and subsequent heart failure. Extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (eNAMPT) is postulated to play a significant role in VR processing via activation of the TLR4 inflammatory pathway. We hypothesized that an eNAMPT specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) could target and neutralize overexpressed eNAMPT post-MI and attenuate chronic cardiac inflammation and fibrosis. We investigated humanized ALT-100 and ALT-300 mAb with high eNAMPT-neutralizing capacity in an infarct rat model to test our hypothesis. ALT-300 was 99mTc-labeled to generate 99mTc-ALT-300 for imaging myocardial eNAMPT expression at 2 hours, 1 week, and 4 weeks post-IRI. The eNAMPT-neutralizing ALT-100 mAb (0.4 mg/kg) or saline was administered intraperitoneally at 1 hour and 24 hours post-reperfusion and twice a week for 4 weeks. Cardiac function changes were determined by echocardiography at 3 days and 4 weeks post-IRI. 99mTc-ALT-300 uptake was initially localized to the ischemic area at risk (IAR) of the left ventricle (LV) and subsequently extended to adjacent non-ischemic areas 2 hours to 4 weeks post-IRI. Radioactive uptake (%ID/g) of 99mTc-ALT-300 in the IAR increased from 1 week to 4 weeks (0.54 ± 0.16 vs. 0.78 ± 0.13, P < 0.01). Rats receiving ALT-100 mAb exhibited significantly improved myocardial histopathology and cardiac function at 4 weeks, with a significant reduction in the collagen volume fraction (%LV) compared to controls (21.5 ± 6.1% vs. 29.5 ± 9.9%, P < 0.05). Neutralization of the eNAMPT/TLR4 inflammatory cascade is a promising therapeutic strategy for MI by reducing chronic inflammation, fibrosis, and preserving cardiac function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhonglin Liu
- Translational Imaging Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States; Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States.
| | - Saad Sammani
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Christy J Barber
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Carrie L Kempf
- University of Florida UF Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, United States
| | - Feng Li
- Translational Imaging Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Zhen Yang
- Translational Imaging Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Rosendo T Bermudez
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Sara M Camp
- University of Florida UF Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, United States
| | - Vivian Reyes Herndon
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Lars R Furenlid
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Diego R Martin
- Translational Imaging Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States.
| | - Joe G N Garcia
- University of Florida UF Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Satyamitra MM, Andres DK, Bergmann JN, Hoffman CM, Hogdahl T, Homer MJ, Hu TC, Rios CI, Yeung DT, DiCarlo AL. Overlapping Science in Radiation and Sulfur Mustard Exposures of Skin and Lung: Consideration of Models, Mechanisms, Organ Systems, and Medical Countermeasures: Overlapping science in radiation and sulfur mustard injuries to lung and skin. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2023; 17:e552. [PMID: 37852927 PMCID: PMC10843005 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2023.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To summarize presentations and discussions from the 2022 trans-agency workshop titled "Overlapping science in radiation and sulfur mustard (SM) exposures of skin and lung: Consideration of models, mechanisms, organ systems, and medical countermeasures." METHODS Summary on topics includes: (1) an overview of the radiation and chemical countermeasure development programs and missions; (2) regulatory and industry perspectives for drugs and devices; 3) pathophysiology of skin and lung following radiation or SM exposure; 4) mechanisms of action/targets, biomarkers of injury; and 5) animal models that simulate anticipated clinical responses. RESULTS There are striking similarities between injuries caused by radiation and SM exposures. Primary outcomes from both types of exposure include acute injuries, while late complications comprise chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and vascular dysfunction, which can culminate in fibrosis in both skin and lung organ systems. This workshop brought together academic and industrial researchers, medical practitioners, US Government program officials, and regulators to discuss lung-, and skin- specific animal models and biomarkers, novel pathways of injury and recovery, and paths to licensure for products to address radiation or SM injuries. CONCLUSIONS Regular communications between the radiological and chemical injury research communities can enhance the state-of-the-science, provide a unique perspective on novel therapeutic strategies, and improve overall US Government emergency preparedness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Merriline M. Satyamitra
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH)
| | | | - Julie N. Bergmann
- Radiological/Nuclear Medical Countermeasures Program, Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA)
| | - Corey M. Hoffman
- Radiological/Nuclear Medical Countermeasures Program, Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA)
| | | | - Mary J. Homer
- Radiological/Nuclear Medical Countermeasures Program, Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA)
| | - Tom C. Hu
- Chemical Medical Countermeasures Program, BARDA
| | - Carmen I. Rios
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH)
| | - David T. Yeung
- Chemical Countermeasures Research Program (CCRP), NIAID, NIH
| | - Andrea L. DiCarlo
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Semerena E, Nencioni A, Masternak K. Extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase: role in disease pathophysiology and as a biomarker. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1268756. [PMID: 37915565 PMCID: PMC10616597 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1268756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) plays a central role in mammalian cell metabolism by contributing to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide biosynthesis. However, NAMPT activity is not limited to the intracellular compartment, as once secreted, the protein accomplishes diverse functions in the extracellular space. Extracellular NAMPT (eNAMPT, also called visfatin or pre-B-cell colony enhancing factor) has been shown to possess adipocytokine, pro-inflammatory, and pro-angiogenic activities. Numerous studies have reported the association between elevated levels of circulating eNAMPT and various inflammatory and metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, lung injury and cancer. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge on eNAMPT biology, proposed roles in disease pathogenesis, and its potential as a disease biomarker. We also briefly discuss the emerging therapeutic approaches for eNAMPT inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elise Semerena
- Light Chain Bioscience - Novimmune SA, Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland
| | - Alessio Nencioni
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ahmed M, Casanova NG, Zaghloul N, Gupta A, Rodriguez M, Robbins IR, Kempf CL, Sun X, Song JH, Hernon VR, Sammani S, Camp SM, Moreira A, Hsu CD, Garcia JGN. The eNAMPT/TLR4 inflammatory cascade drives the severity of intra-amniotic inflammation in pregnancy and predicts infant outcomes. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1129413. [PMID: 37415908 PMCID: PMC10319582 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1129413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Intra-amniotic inflammation (IAI) or chorioamnionitis is a common complication of pregnancy producing significant maternal morbidity/mortality, premature birth and neonatal risk of chronic lung diseases such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). We examined eNAMPT (extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase), a critical inflammatory DAMP and TLR4 ligand, as a potential therapeutic target to reduce IAI severity and improve adverse fetal/neonatal outcomes. Methods: Blood/tissue samples were examined in: 1) women with histologically-proven chorioamnionitis, 2) very low birth weight (VLBW) neonates, and 3) a preclinical murine pregnancy model of IAI. Groups of pregnant IAI-exposed mice and pups were treated with an eNAMPT-neutralizing mAb. Results: Human placentas from women with histologically-proven chorioamnionitis exhibited dramatic NAMPT expression compared to placentas without chorioamnionitis. Increased NAMPT expression in whole blood from VLBW neonates (day 5) significantly predicted BPD development. Compared to untreated LPS-challenged murine dams (gestational day 15), pups born to eNAMPT mAb-treated dams (gestational days 15/16) exhibited a > 3-fold improved survival, reduced neonate lung eNAMPT/cytokine levels, and reduced development and severity of BPD and pulmonary hypertension (PH) following postnatal exposure to 100% hyperoxia days 1-14. Genome-wide gene expression studies of maternal uterine and neonatal cardiac tissues corroborated eNAMPT mAb-induced reductions in inflammatory pathway genes. Discussion: The eNAMPT/TLR4 inflammatory pathway is a highly druggable contributor to IAI pathobiology during pregnancy with the eNAMPT-neutralizing mAb a novel therapeutic strategy to decrease premature delivery and improve short- and long-term neonatal outcomes. eNAMPT blood expression is a potential biomarker for early prediction of chronic lung disease among premature neonates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ahmed
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Nancy G. Casanova
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Nahla Zaghloul
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Akash Gupta
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Marisela Rodriguez
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Ian R. Robbins
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Carrie L. Kempf
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Xiaoguang Sun
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Jin H. Song
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Vivian Reyes Hernon
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Saad Sammani
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Sara M. Camp
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Alvaro Moreira
- Department of Pediatrics, UT Health San Antonio, Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Chaur-Dong Hsu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Joe G. N. Garcia
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sun BL, Sun X, Kempf CL, Song JH, Casanova NG, Camp SM, Hernon VR, Fallon M, Bime C, Martin DR, Travelli C, Zhang DD, Garcia JGN. Involvement of eNAMPT/TLR4 inflammatory signaling in progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, steatohepatitis, and fibrosis. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22825. [PMID: 36809677 PMCID: PMC11265521 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201972rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Although the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) from steatosis to steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis remains poorly understood, a critical role for dysregulated innate immunity has emerged. We examined the utility of ALT-100, a monoclonal antibody (mAb), in reducing NAFLD severity and progression to NASH/hepatic fibrosis. ALT-100 neutralizes eNAMPT (extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase), a novel damage-associated molecular pattern protein (DAMP) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) ligand. Histologic and biochemical markers were measured in liver tissues and plasma from human NAFLD subjects and NAFLD mice (streptozotocin/high-fat diet-STZ/HFD, 12 weeks). Human NAFLD subjects (n = 5) exhibited significantly increased NAMPT hepatic expression and significantly elevated plasma levels of eNAMPT, IL-6, Ang-2, and IL-1RA compared to healthy controls, with IL-6 and Ang-2 levels significantly increased in NASH non-survivors. Untreated STZ/HFD-exposed mice displayed significant increases in NAFLD activity scores, liver triglycerides, NAMPT hepatic expression, plasma cytokine levels (eNAMPT, IL-6, and TNFα), and histologic evidence of hepatocyte ballooning and hepatic fibrosis. Mice receiving the eNAMPT-neutralizing ALT-100 mAb (0.4 mg/kg/week, IP, weeks 9 to 12) exhibited marked attenuation of each index of NASH progression/severity. Thus, activation of the eNAMPT/TLR4 inflammatory pathway contributes to NAFLD severity and NASH/hepatic fibrosis. ALT-100 is potentially an effective therapeutic approach to address this unmet NAFLD need.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Belinda L. Sun
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Xiaoguang Sun
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Carrie L. Kempf
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Jin H. Song
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Nancy G. Casanova
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Sara M. Camp
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Vivian Reyes Hernon
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Michael Fallon
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Christian Bime
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Diego R. Martin
- Department of Radiology and the Translational Imaging Center, Houston Methodist Hospital and the Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Donna D. Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Joe G. N. Garcia
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tumurkhuu G, Casanova NG, Kempf CL, Ercan Laguna D, Camp SM, Dagvadorj J, Song JH, Reyes Hernon V, Travelli C, Montano EN, Yu JM, Ishimori M, Wallace DJ, Sammani S, Jefferies C, Garcia JG. eNAMPT/TLR4 inflammatory cascade activation is a key contributor to SLE Lung vasculitis and alveolar hemorrhage. J Transl Autoimmun 2022; 6:100181. [PMID: 36619655 PMCID: PMC9816774 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtauto.2022.100181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale Effective therapies to reduce the severity and high mortality of pulmonary vasculitis and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a serious unmet need. We explored whether biologic neutralization of eNAMPT (extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyl-transferase), a novel DAMP and Toll-like receptor 4 ligand, represents a viable therapeutic strategy in lupus vasculitis. Methods Serum was collected from SLE subjects (n = 37) for eNAMPT protein measurements. In the preclinical pristane-induced murine model of lung vasculitis/hemorrhage, C57BL/6 J mice (n = 5-10/group) were treated with PBS, IgG (1 mg/kg), or the eNAMPT-neutralizing ALT-100 mAb (1 mg/kg, IP or subcutaneously (SQ). Lung injury evaluation (Day 10) included histology/immuno-histochemistry, BAL protein/cellularity, tissue biochemistry, RNA sequencing, and plasma biomarker assessment. Results SLE subjects showed highly significant increases in blood NAMPT mRNA expression and eNAMPT protein levels compared to healthy controls. Preclinical pristane-exposed mice studies showed significantly increased NAMPT lung tissue expression and increased plasma eNAMPT levels accompanied by marked increases in alveolar hemorrhage and lung inflammation (BAL protein, PMNs, activated monocytes). In contrast, ALT-100 mAb-treated mice showed significant attenuation of inflammatory lung injury, alveolar hemorrhage, BAL protein, tissue leukocytes, and plasma inflammatory cytokines (eNAMPT, IL-6, IL-8). Lung RNA sequencing showed pristane-induced activation of inflammatory genes/pathways including NFkB, cytokine/chemokine, IL-1β, and MMP signaling pathways, each rectified in ALT-100 mAb-treated mice. Conclusions These findings highlight the role of eNAMPT/TLR4-mediated inflammatory signaling in the pathobiology of SLE pulmonary vasculitis and alveolar hemorrhage. Biologic neutralization of this novel DAMP appears to serve as a viable strategy to reduce the severity of SLE lung vasculitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gantsetseg Tumurkhuu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nancy G. Casanova
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Carrie L. Kempf
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Duygu Ercan Laguna
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sara M. Camp
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - Jin H. Song
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Vivian Reyes Hernon
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - Erica N. Montano
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jeong Min Yu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mariko Ishimori
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Daniel J. Wallace
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Saad Sammani
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Caroline Jefferies
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joe G.N. Garcia
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhu X, Liu H, Chen L, Wu C, Liu X, Cang Y, Jiang B, Yang X, Fan G. Addressing the Enzyme-independent tumor-promoting function of NAMPT via PROTAC-mediated degradation. Cell Chem Biol 2022; 29:1616-1629.e12. [PMID: 36323324 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant overexpression of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) has been reported in a variety of tumor cells and is a poor prognosis factor for patient survival. It plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation, acting concurrently as an nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) synthase and, unexpectedly, as an extracellular signaling molecule for several tumor-promoting pathways. Although previous efforts to modulate NAMPT activity were limited to enzymatic inhibitors with low success in clinical studies, protein degradation offers the possibility to simultaneously disrupt NAMPT's enzyme activity and ligand capabilities. Here we report the development of two highly selective proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) that promote NAMPT degradation in a cereblon-dependent manner. Both PROTAC degraders outperform a clinical candidate, FK866, in killing effect on hematological tumor cells. These results emphasize the importance and feasibility of applying PROTACs as a superior strategy for targeting proteins with multiple tumor-promoting functions like NAMPT, which is not easily achieved by conventional enzymatic inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Zhu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Haixia Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Li Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Chenxu Wu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xuesong Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yong Cang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Biao Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Xiaobao Yang
- Gluetacs Therapeutics (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Gaofeng Fan
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Casanova NG, Reyes-Hernon V, Gregory T, Sun B, Bermudez T, Hufford MK, Oita RC, Camp SM, Hernandez-Molina G, Serrano JR, Sun X, Fimbres J, Mirsaeidi M, Sammani S, Bime C, Garcia JGN. Biochemical and genomic identification of novel biomarkers in progressive sarcoidosis: HBEGF, eNAMPT, and ANG-2. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1012827. [PMID: 36388923 PMCID: PMC9640603 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1012827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Progressive pulmonary fibrosis is a serious complication in subjects with sarcoidosis. The absence of reliable, non-invasive biomarkers that detect early progression exacerbates the difficulty in predicting sarcoidosis severity. To potentially address this unmet need, we evaluated a panel of markers for an association with sarcoidosis progression (HBEGF, NAMPT, IL1-RA, IL-6, IL-8, ANG-2). This panel encompasses proteins related to inflammation, vascular injury, cell proliferation, and fibroblast mitogenesis processes. Methods Plasma biomarker levels and biomarker protein expression in lung and lymph nodes tissues (immunohistochemical studies) from sarcoidosis subjects with limited disease and progressive (complicated) sarcoidosis were performed. Gene expression of the protein-coding genes included in this panel was analyzed using RNAseq in sarcoidosis granulomatous tissues from lung and lymph nodes. Results Except for IL-8, plasma levels of each biomarker—eNAMPT, IL-1RA, IL-6, ANG-2, and HBEGF—were significantly elevated in sarcoidosis subjects compared to controls. In addition, plasma levels of HBEGF were elevated in complicated sarcoidosis, while eNAMPT and ANG-2 were observed to serve as markers of lung fibrosis in a subgroup of complicated sarcoidosis. Genomic studies corroborated HBEGF and NAMPT among the top dysregulated genes and identified cytokine-related and fibrotic pathways in lung granulomatous tissues from sarcoidosis. Conclusion These findings suggest HBEGF, eNAMPT, and ANG-2 may serve as potential novel indicators of the clinical severity of sarcoidosis disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy G. Casanova
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Vivian Reyes-Hernon
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Taylor Gregory
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Belinda Sun
- Department of Pathology, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Tadeo Bermudez
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Matthew K. Hufford
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Radu C. Oita
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Sara M. Camp
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | | | | | - Xiaoguang Sun
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Jocelyn Fimbres
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México City, Mexico
| | - Mehdi Mirsaeidi
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Saad Sammani
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Christian Bime
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Joe G. N. Garcia
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
- *Correspondence: Joe G. N. Garcia,
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sammani S, Bermudez T, Kempf CL, Song JH, Fleming JC, Reyes Hernon V, Hufford M, Tang L, Cai H, Camp SM, Natarajan V, Jacobson JR, Dudek SM, Martin DR, Karmonik C, Sun X, Sun B, Casanova NG, Bime C, Garcia JGN. eNAMPT Neutralization Preserves Lung Fluid Balance and Reduces Acute Renal Injury in Porcine Sepsis/VILI-Induced Inflammatory Lung Injury. Front Physiol 2022; 13:916159. [PMID: 35812318 PMCID: PMC9257134 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.916159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Numerous potential ARDS therapeutics, based upon preclinical successful rodent studies that utilized LPS challenge without mechanical ventilation, have failed in Phase 2/3 clinical trials. Recently, ALT-100 mAb, a novel biologic that neutralizes the TLR4 ligand and DAMP, eNAMPT (extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase), was shown to reduce septic shock/VILI-induced porcine lung injury when delivered 2 h after injury onset. We now examine the ALT-100 mAb efficacy on acute kidney injury (AKI) and lung fluid balance in a porcine ARDS/VILI model when delivered 6 h post injury.Methods/Results: Compared to control PBS-treated pigs, exposure of ALT-100 mAb-treated pigs (0.4 mg/kg, 2 h or 6 h after injury initiation) to LPS-induced pneumonia/septic shock and VILI (12 h), demonstrated significantly diminished lung injury severity (histology, BAL PMNs, plasma cytokines), biochemical/genomic evidence of NF-kB/MAP kinase/cytokine receptor signaling, and AKI (histology, plasma lipocalin). ALT-100 mAb treatment effectively preserved lung fluid balance reflected by reduced BAL protein/tissue albumin levels, lung wet/dry tissue ratios, ultrasound-derived B lines, and chest radiograph opacities. Delayed ALT-100 mAb at 2 h was significantly more protective than 6 h delivery only for plasma eNAMPT while trending toward greater protection for remaining inflammatory indices. Delayed ALT-100 treatment also decreased lung/renal injury indices in LPS/VILI-exposed rats when delivered up to 12 h after LPS.Conclusions: These studies indicate the delayed delivery of the eNAMPT-neutralizing ALT-100 mAb reduces inflammatory lung injury, preserves lung fluid balance, and reduces multi-organ dysfunction, and may potentially address the unmet need for novel therapeutics that reduce ARDS/VILI mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saad Sammani
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Tadeo Bermudez
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Carrie L. Kempf
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Jin H. Song
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Justin C Fleming
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Vivian Reyes Hernon
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Matthew Hufford
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Lin Tang
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Hua Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sara M. Camp
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Viswanathan Natarajan
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jeffrey R. Jacobson
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Steven M. Dudek
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Diego R. Martin
- Department of Radiology and the Translational Imaging Center, Houston Methodist Hospital and the Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Christof Karmonik
- Department of Radiology and the Translational Imaging Center, Houston Methodist Hospital and the Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Xiaoguang Sun
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Belinda Sun
- Department of Pathology, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Nancy G. Casanova
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Christian Bime
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Joe G. N. Garcia
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
- *Correspondence: Joe G. N. Garcia,
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Garcia AN, Casanova NG, Kempf CL, Bermudez T, Valera DG, Song JH, Sun X, Cai H, Moreno-Vinasco L, Gregory T, Oita RC, Hernon VR, Camp SM, Rogers C, Kyubwa EM, Menon N, Axtelle J, Rappaport J, Bime C, Sammani S, Cress AE, Garcia JGN. eNAMPT Is a Novel Damage-associated Molecular Pattern Protein That Contributes to the Severity of Radiation-induced Lung Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2022; 66:497-509. [PMID: 35167418 PMCID: PMC9116358 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2021-0357oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The paucity of therapeutic strategies to reduce the severity of radiation-induced lung fibrosis (RILF), a life-threatening complication of intended or accidental ionizing radiation exposure, is a serious unmet need. We evaluated the contribution of eNAMPT (extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase), a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) protein and TLR4 (Toll-like receptor 4) ligand, to the severity of whole-thorax lung irradiation (WTLI)-induced RILF. Wild-type (WT) and Nampt+/- heterozygous C57BL6 mice and nonhuman primates (NHPs, Macaca mulatta) were exposed to a single WTLI dose (9.8 or 10.7 Gy for NHPs, 20 Gy for mice). WT mice received IgG1 (control) or an eNAMPT-neutralizing polyclonal or monoclonal antibody (mAb) intraperitoneally 4 hours after WTLI and weekly thereafter. At 8-12 weeks after WTLI, NAMPT expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry, biochemistry, and plasma biomarker studies. RILF severity was determined by BAL protein/cells, hematoxylin and eosin, and trichrome blue staining and soluble collagen assays. RNA sequencing and bioinformatic analyses identified differentially expressed lung tissue genes/pathways. NAMPT lung tissue expression was increased in both WTLI-exposed WT mice and NHPs. Nampt+/- mice and eNAMPT polyclonal antibody/mAb-treated mice exhibited significantly attenuated WTLI-mediated lung fibrosis with reduced: 1) NAMPT and trichrome blue staining; 2) dysregulated lung tissue expression of smooth muscle actin, p-SMAD2/p-SMAD1/5/9, TGF-β, TSP1 (thrombospondin-1), NOX4, IL-1β, and NRF2; 3) plasma eNAMPT and IL-1β concentrations; and 4) soluble collagen. Multiple WTLI-induced dysregulated differentially expressed lung tissue genes/pathways with known tissue fibrosis involvement were each rectified in mice receiving eNAMPT mAbs.The eNAMPT/TLR4 inflammatory network is essentially involved in radiation pathobiology, with eNAMPT neutralization an effective therapeutic strategy to reduce RILF severity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hua Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jay Rappaport
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | | | | | - Anne E. Cress
- Department of Cell and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tsoyi K, Rosas IO. Targeting Danger Signals to Rescue Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2022; 66:468-470. [PMID: 35271415 PMCID: PMC9116361 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0022ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Tsoyi
- Department of Medicine Baylor College of Medicine Houston, Texas
| | - Ivan O Rosas
- Department of Medicine Baylor College of Medicine Houston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Colombo G, Travelli C, Porta C, Genazzani AA. Extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase boosts IFNγ-induced macrophage polarization independently of TLR4. iScience 2022; 25:104147. [PMID: 35402885 PMCID: PMC8990213 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), alongside being a crucial enzyme in NAD synthesis, has been shown to be a secreted protein (eNAMPT), whose levels are increased in patients affected by immune-mediated disorders. Accordingly, preclinical studies have highlighted that eNAMPT participates in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory diseases. Herein, we analyzed the effects of eNAMPT on macrophage-driven inflammation. RNAseq analysis of peritoneal macrophages (PECs) demonstrates that eNAMPT triggers an M1-skewed transcriptional program, and this effect is not dependent on the enzymatic activity. Noteworthy, both in PECs and in human monocyte-derived macrophages, eNAMPT selectively boosts IFNγ-driven transcriptional activation via STAT1/3 phosphorylation. Importantly, the secretion of eNAMPT promotes the chemotactic recruitment of myeloid cells, therefore providing a potential positive feedback loop to foster inflammation. Last, we report that these events are independent of the activation of TLR4, the only eNAMPT receptor that has hitherto been recognized, prompting the knowledge that other receptors are involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Colombo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, A. Avogadro, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Cristina Travelli
- Department of Drug Sciences, Università degli Studi di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Chiara Porta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, A. Avogadro, 28100 Novara, Italy.,Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune & Allergic Diseases (CAAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Armando A Genazzani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, A. Avogadro, 28100 Novara, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kempf CL, Sammani S, Bermudez T, Song JH, Hernon VR, Hufford MK, Burt J, Camp SM, Dudek SM, Garcia JG. Critical Role for the Lung Endothelial Non‐Muscle Myosin Light Chain Kinase Isoform in the Severity of Inflammatory Murine Lung Injury. Pulm Circ 2022; 12:e12061. [PMID: 35514774 PMCID: PMC9063969 DOI: 10.1002/pul2.12061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carrie L. Kempf
- Department of Medicine University of Arizona Health Sciences Tucson AZ USA
| | - Saad Sammani
- Department of Medicine University of Arizona Health Sciences Tucson AZ USA
| | - Tadeo Bermudez
- Department of Medicine University of Arizona Health Sciences Tucson AZ USA
| | - Jin H. Song
- Department of Medicine University of Arizona Health Sciences Tucson AZ USA
| | | | - Matthew K. Hufford
- Department of Medicine University of Arizona Health Sciences Tucson AZ USA
| | - Jessica Burt
- Department of Medicine University of Arizona Health Sciences Tucson AZ USA
| | - Sara M. Camp
- Department of Medicine University of Arizona Health Sciences Tucson AZ USA
| | - Steven M. Dudek
- Department of Medicine University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago IL USA
| | - Joe G.N. Garcia
- Department of Medicine University of Arizona Health Sciences Tucson AZ USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Sun BL, Tang L, Sun X, Garcia AN, Camp SM, Posadas E, Cress AE, Garcia JGN. A Humanized Monoclonal Antibody Targeting Extracellular Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase Prevents Aggressive Prostate Cancer Progression. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14121322. [PMID: 34959723 PMCID: PMC8706080 DOI: 10.3390/ph14121322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the major cause of cancer-related death in males; however, effective treatments to prevent aggressive progression remain an unmet need. We have previously demonstrated that secreted extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (eNAMPT) is a multifunctional innate immunity regulator that promotes PCa invasion. In the current study, we further investigate the therapeutic effects of an eNAMPT-neutralizing humanized monoclonal antibody (ALT-100 mAb) in preclinical PCa orthotopic xenograft models. We utilized human aggressive PCa cells (DU145 or PC3) for prostate implantation in SCID mice receiving weekly intraperitoneal injections of either ALT-100 mAb or IgG/PBS (control) for 12 weeks. Prostatic tumors and solid organs were examined for tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis and for biochemical and immunohistochemistry evidence of NFκB activation. ALT-100 mAb treatment significantly improved overall survival of SCID mice implanted with human PCa orthotopic prostate xenografts while inducing tumor necrosis, decreasing PCa proliferation and reducing local invasion and distal metastases. The ALT-100 mAb inhibits NFκB phosphorylation and signaling in PCa cells both in vitro and in vivo. This study demonstrates that eNAMPT neutralization effectively prevents human PCa aggressive progression in preclinical models, indicating its high potential to directly address the unmet need for an effective targeted therapy for patients with aggressive PCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Belinda L. Sun
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA;
| | - Lin Tang
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA; (L.T.); (X.S.); (S.M.C.)
| | - Xiaoguang Sun
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA; (L.T.); (X.S.); (S.M.C.)
| | - Alexander N. Garcia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA;
| | - Sara M. Camp
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA; (L.T.); (X.S.); (S.M.C.)
| | - Edwin Posadas
- Department of Medicine, Cedar Sinai Health Sciences, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA;
| | - Anne E. Cress
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA;
| | - Joe G. N. Garcia
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA; (L.T.); (X.S.); (S.M.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-520-626-3151
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Colombo G, Gelardi ELM, Balestrero FC, Moro M, Travelli C, Genazzani AA. Insight Into Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Homeostasis as a Targetable Metabolic Pathway in Colorectal Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:758320. [PMID: 34880756 PMCID: PMC8645963 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.758320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumour cells modify their cellular metabolism with the aim to sustain uncontrolled proliferation. Cancer cells necessitate adequate amounts of NAD and NADPH to support several enzymes that are usually overexpressed and/or overactivated. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is an essential cofactor and substrate of several NAD-consuming enzymes, such as PARPs and sirtuins, while NADPH is important in the regulation of the redox status in cells. The present review explores the rationale for targeting the key enzymes that maintain the cellular NAD/NADPH pool in colorectal cancer and the enzymes that consume or use NADP(H).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Colombo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università Del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | | | | | - Marianna Moro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università Del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Cristina Travelli
- Department of Drug Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Armando A. Genazzani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università Del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ahmed M, Zaghloul N, Zimmerman P, Casanova NG, Sun X, Song JH, Hernon VR, Sammani S, Rischard F, Rafikova O, Rafikov R, Makino A, Kempf CL, Camp SM, Wang J, Desai AA, Lussier Y, Yuan JXJ, Garcia JG. Endothelial eNAMPT drives EndMT and preclinical PH: rescue by an eNAMPT-neutralizing mAb. Pulm Circ 2021; 11:20458940211059712. [PMID: 34790349 PMCID: PMC8591779 DOI: 10.1177/20458940211059712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacologic interventions to halt/reverse the vascular remodeling and right ventricular dysfunction in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) remains an unmet need. We previously demonstrated extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (eNAMPT) as a DAMP (damage-associated molecular pattern protein) contributing to PAH pathobiology via TLR4 ligation. We examined the role of endothelial cell (EC)-specific eNAMPT in experimental PH and an eNAMPT-neutralizing mAb as a therapeutic strategy to reverse established PH. Hemodynamic/echocardiographic measurements and tissue analyses were performed in Sprague Dawley rats exposed to 10% hypoxia/Sugen (three weeks) followed by return to normoxia and weekly intraperitoneal delivery of the eNAMPT mAb (1 mg/kg). WT C57BL/6J mice and conditional EC-cNAMPTec-/- mice were exposed to 10% hypoxia (three weeks). Biochemical and RNA sequencing studies were performed on rat PH lung tissues and human PAH PBMCs. Hypoxia/Sugen-exposed rats exhibited multiple indices of severe PH (right ventricular systolic pressure, Fulton index), including severe vascular remodeling, compared to control rats. PH severity indices and plasma levels of eNAMPT, IL-6, and TNF-α were all significantly attenuated by eNAMPT mAb neutralization. Compared to hypoxia-exposed WT mice, cNAMPTec-/- KO mice exhibited significantly reduced PH severity and evidence of EC to mesenchymal transition (EndMT). Finally, biochemical and RNAseq analyses revealed eNAMPT mAb-mediated rectification of dysregulated inflammatory signaling pathways (TLR/NF-κB, MAP kinase, Akt/mTOR) and EndMT in rat PH lung tissues and human PAH PBMCs. These studies underscore EC-derived eNAMPT as a key contributor to PAH pathobiology and support the eNAMPT/TLR4 inflammatory pathway as a highly druggable therapeutic target to reduce PH severity and reverse PAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ahmed
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Nahla Zaghloul
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Prisca Zimmerman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Nancy G. Casanova
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Xiaoguang Sun
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jin H. Song
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Vivian Reyes Hernon
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Saad Sammani
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Franz Rischard
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Olga Rafikova
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Ruslan Rafikov
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Ayako Makino
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Carrie L. Kempf
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Sara M. Camp
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ankit A. Desai
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Yves Lussier
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jason X.-J. Yuan
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Joe G.N. Garcia
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|