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Crosswhite P, Sun Z. TNFα Induces DNA and Histone Hypomethylation and Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation Partly via Excessive Superoxide Formation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:677. [PMID: 38929115 PMCID: PMC11200563 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: The level of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is upregulated during the development of pulmonary vascular remodeling and pulmonary hypertension. A hallmark of pulmonary arterial (PA) remodeling is the excessive proliferation of PA smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). The purpose of this study is to investigate whether TNF-α induces PASMC proliferation and explore the potential mechanisms. Methods: PASMCs were isolated from 8-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats and treated with 0, 20, or 200 ng/mL TNF-α for 24 or 48 h. After treatment, cell number, superoxide production, histone acetylation, DNA methylation, and histone methylation were assessed. Results: TNF-α treatment increased NADPH oxidase activity, superoxide production, and cell numbers compared to untreated controls. TNF-α-induced PASMC proliferation was rescued by a superoxide dismutase mimetic tempol. TNF-α treatment did not affect histone acetylation at either dose but did significantly decrease DNA methylation. DNA methyltransferase 1 activity was unchanged by TNF-α treatment. Further investigation using QRT-RT-PCR revealed that GADD45-α, a potential mediator of DNA demethylation, was increased after TNF-α treatment. RNAi inhibition of GADD45-α alone increased DNA methylation. TNF-α impaired the epigenetic mechanism leading to DNA hypomethylation, which can be abolished by a superoxide scavenger tempol. TNF-α treatment also decreased H3-K4 methylation. TNF-α-induced PASMC proliferation may involve the H3-K4 demethylase enzyme, lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1). Conclusions: TNF-α-induced PASMC proliferation may be partly associated with excessive superoxide formation and histone and DNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Crosswhite
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Department of Human Physiology, Gonzaga University, Spokane, WA 99205, USA
| | - Zhongjie Sun
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
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Han X, Akinseye L, Sun Z. KDM6A Demethylase Regulates Renal Sodium Excretion and Blood Pressure. Hypertension 2024; 81:541-551. [PMID: 38164755 PMCID: PMC10922853 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.123.22026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND KDM6A (Lysine-Specific Demethylase 6A) is a specific demethylase for histone 3 lysine (K) 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3). The purpose of this study is to investigate whether KDM6A in renal tubule cells plays a role in the regulation of kidney function and blood pressure. METHODS We first crossed Ksp-Cre+/- and KDM6Aflox/flox mice for generating inducible kidney-specific deletion of KDM6A gene. RESULTS Notably, conditional knockout of KDM6A gene in renal tubule cells (KDM6A-cKO) increased H3K27me3 levels which leads to a decrease in Na excretion and elevation of blood pressure. Further analysis showed that the expression of NKCC2 (Na-K-2Cl cotransporter 2) and NCC (Na-Cl cotransporters) was upregulated which contributes to impaired Na excretion in KDM6A-cKO mice. The expression of AQP2 (aquaporin 2) was also increased in KDM6A-cKO mice, which may facilitate water reabsorption in KDM6A-cKO mice. The expression of Klotho was downregulated while expression of aging markers including p53, p21, and p16 was upregulated in kidneys of KDM6A-cKO mice, indicating that deletion of KDM6A in the renal tubule cells promotes kidney aging. Interestingly, KDM6A-cKO mice developed salt-sensitive hypertension which can be rescued by treatment with Klotho. KDM6A deficiency induced salt-sensitive hypertension likely through downregulation of the Klotho/ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) signaling and upregulation of the WNK (with-no-lysine kinase) signaling. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first evidence that KDM6A plays an essential role in maintaining normal tubular function and blood pressure. Renal tubule cell specific KDM6A deficiency causes hypertension due to increased H3K27me3 levels and the resultant downregulation of Klotho gene expression which disrupts the Klotho/ERK/NCC/NKCC2 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Han
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Leah Akinseye
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Zhongjie Sun
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
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Kitaeva KV, Solovyeva VV, Blatt NL, Rizvanov AA. Eternal Youth: A Comprehensive Exploration of Gene, Cellular, and Pharmacological Anti-Aging Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:643. [PMID: 38203812 PMCID: PMC10778954 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The improvement of human living conditions has led to an increase in average life expectancy, creating a new social and medical problem-aging, which diminishes the overall quality of human life. The aging process of the body begins with the activation of effector signaling pathways of aging in cells, resulting in the loss of their normal functions and deleterious effects on the microenvironment. This, in turn, leads to chronic inflammation and similar transformations in neighboring cells. The cumulative retention of these senescent cells over a prolonged period results in the deterioration of tissues and organs, ultimately leading to a reduced quality of life and an elevated risk of mortality. Among the most promising methods for addressing aging and age-related illnesses are pharmacological, genetic, and cellular therapies. Elevating the activity of aging-suppressing genes, employing specific groups of native and genetically modified cells, and utilizing senolytic medications may offer the potential to delay aging and age-related ailments over the long term. This review explores strategies and advancements in the field of anti-aging therapies currently under investigation, with a particular emphasis on gene therapy involving adeno-associated vectors and cell-based therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina V. Kitaeva
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (K.V.K.); (V.V.S.); (N.L.B.)
| | - Valeriya V. Solovyeva
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (K.V.K.); (V.V.S.); (N.L.B.)
| | - Nataliya L. Blatt
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (K.V.K.); (V.V.S.); (N.L.B.)
| | - Albert A. Rizvanov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (K.V.K.); (V.V.S.); (N.L.B.)
- Division of Medical and Biological Sciences, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia
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Zhou J, Fan Z, Bi Y, Li D, Chen X, Hou K, Ji S. The significance of serum Klotho to hearing loss: a potential protector under noise pollution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:104464-104476. [PMID: 37700133 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29788-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
The issue of hearing protection in the presence of noise pollution is of great importance in the fields of environmental science and clinical medicine. Currently, the clinical significance of Klotho in relation to hearing has not been revealed. The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between serum Klotho levels and Pure Tone Average (PTA) hearing thresholds among individuals in the U.S.. The analysis involved a sample of 1,781 individuals aged 20 to 69, obtained from the 2007-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Various methods were utilized for the analysis, including univariate and multivariate linear regression, stratified analysis, smooth curve fitting, a two-segment linear regression model, and log-likelihood ratio analysis. The results of the univariate analysis indicated that serum Klotho concentration, age, education level, hypertension, diabetes, and smoking all exhibited a significant influence on PTAs. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, it was observed that a decrease in serum Klotho was significantly associated with PTA thresholds at low frequency (β = -0.002; 95% CI: -0.003, -0.001; P = 0.004), speech frequency (β = -0.002; 95% CI: -0.003, -0.001; P = 0.007), and high frequency (β = -0.002; 95% CI: -0.003, -0.001; P = 0.045). Specifically, for every 1 pg/ml decrease in serum Klotho concentration, the PTAs increased by 0.002 dB. Moreover, age and gender-specific analyses revealed significant associations. For individuals aged 59-69, a significant association was found between serum Klotho concentration and high-frequency PTA (β = -4.153; 95% CI: -7.948, -0.358; P = 0.032). Additionally, among females, significant associations were observed between serum Klotho concentration and speech-frequency PTA (β = -1.648, 95% CI: -3.197, -0.099; P = 0.037) as well as high-frequency PTA (β = -3.046; 95% CI: -5.319, -0.772; P = 0.009). Finally, the results of smooth curve fitting and threshold effect analyses indicated a potential negative linear correlation between serum Klotho concentration and PTA thresholds. In conclusion, a lower level of serum Klotho was found to be associated with increased hearing thresholds, particularly among the elderly population. This finding has significant implications for the prevention and treatment of hearing damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingcheng Zhou
- Senior Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100083, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Beijing, 100083, China
- State Key Lab of Hearing Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Hearing Impairment Prevention and Treatment, Beijing, 100083, China
- Chinese PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zheqi Fan
- Chinese PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yiming Bi
- Chinese PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Dingchang Li
- Chinese PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xuemin Chen
- Senior Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100083, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Beijing, 100083, China
- State Key Lab of Hearing Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Hearing Impairment Prevention and Treatment, Beijing, 100083, China
- Chinese PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Kun Hou
- Senior Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100083, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Beijing, 100083, China
- State Key Lab of Hearing Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Hearing Impairment Prevention and Treatment, Beijing, 100083, China
- Chinese PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Shuaifei Ji
- Chinese PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, 100083, China.
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated To Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, 28 Fu Xing Road, Beijing, 100853, China.
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100083, China.
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Chen J, Lin Y, Sun Z. Inhibition of miR-101-3p prevents human aortic valve interstitial cell calcification through regulation of CDH11/SOX9 expression. Mol Med 2023; 29:24. [PMID: 36809926 PMCID: PMC9945614 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00619-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is the second leading cause of adult heart diseases. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether miR-101-3p plays a role in the human aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVICs) calcification and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Small RNA deep sequencing and qPCR analysis were used to determine changes in microRNA expression in calcified human aortic valves. RESULTS The data showed that miR-101-3p levels were increased in the calcified human aortic valves. Using cultured primary HAVICs, we demonstrated that the miR-101-3p mimic promoted calcification and upregulated the osteogenesis pathway, while anti-miR-101-3p inhibited osteogenic differentiation and prevented calcification in HAVICs treated with the osteogenic conditioned medium. Mechanistically, miR-101-3p directly targeted cadherin-11 (CDH11) and Sry-related high-mobility-group box 9 (SOX9), key factors in the regulation of chondrogenesis and osteogenesis. Both CDH11 and SOX9 expressions were downregulated in the calcified human HAVICs. Inhibition of miR-101-3p restored expression of CDH11, SOX9 and ASPN and prevented osteogenesis in HAVICs under the calcific condition. CONCLUSION miR-101-3p plays an important role in HAVIC calcification through regulation of CDH11/SOX9 expression. The finding is important as it reveals that miR-1013p may be a potential therapeutic target for calcific aortic valve disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianglei Chen
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Yi Lin
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Zhongjie Sun
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA. .,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, UT Cardiovascular Institute, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 956 Court Avenue, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
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Amitani H, Chiba S, Amitani M, Michihara S, Takemoto R, Han L, Fujita N, Takahashi R, Inui A. Impact of Ninjin’yoeito on frailty and short life in klotho-hypomorphic (kl/kl) mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:973897. [DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.973897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With the recent aging of society, the prevention of frailty has become an important issue because people desire both a long and healthy lifespan. Klotho-hypomorphic (kl/kl) mice are known to show phenotypes of premature aging. Ninjin’yoeito (NYT) is a traditional Japanese Kampo medicine used to treat patients with vulnerable constitution, fatigue or physical exhaustion caused by aging and illness. Recent studies have reported the potential efficacy of NYT against frailty. We therefore evaluated the effect of NYT on the gait function, activity, the histopathological status of organs and survival using kl/kl mice as a model of aging-related frailty. Two sets of 28-day-old male kl/kl mice were assigned to the vehicle (non-treated; NT), 3% or 5% NYT dietary groups. One set of groups (NT, n = 18; 3% NYT, n = 11; 5% NYT, n = 11) was subjected to the analysis of free walking, rotarod, and spontaneous activity tests at approximately 58 days old. Thereafter, we measured triceps surae muscles weight and myofiber cross-sectional area (CSA), and quantified its telomere content. In addition, we evaluated bone strength and performed histopathological examinations of organs. Survival was measured in the second set of groups (NT, 3% NYT and 5% NYT group, n = 8 each). In the walking test, several indicators such as gait velocity were improved in the NYT 3% group. Similar results were obtained for the latency to fall in the rotarod test and spontaneous motor activity. Triceps muscle mass, CSA and its telomere content were significantly improved in the NYT 3% group. Bone density, pulmonary alveolus destruction and testicular atrophy were also significantly improved in the NYT 3% group. Survival rate and body weight were both significantly improved in the NYT3% group compared with those in the NT group. Continuous administration of NYT from the early stage of aging improved not only gait performance, but also the survival in the aging-related frailty model. This effect may be associated with the improvements in aging-related organ changes such as muscle atrophy. Intervention with NYT against the progression of frailty may contribute to a longer, healthier life span among the elderly individuals.
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Fan J, Wang S, Chen K, Sun Z. Aging impairs arterial compliance via Klotho-mediated downregulation of B-cell population and IgG levels. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:494. [PMID: 36001158 PMCID: PMC10082671 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04512-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aging is associated with compromised immune function and arterial remodeling and stiffness. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether in vivo AAV-based delivery of secreted Klotho (SKL) gene (AAV-SKL) improves aging- and senescence-associated immune dysfunction and arterial stiffness. METHODS AND RESULTS Senescence-accelerated mice prone strain 1 (SAMP1, 10 months) and old mice (20 months) were used. Serum SKL levels, B-cell population and serum IgG levels were markedly decreased in SAMP1 and old mice. Rescue of downregulation of serum SKL levels by in vivo AAV2-based delivery of SKL gene (AAV-SKL) increased B-cell population and serum IgG levels and attenuated arterial stiffness in SAMP1 and old mice. Thus, Klotho deficiency may play a role in senescence- and aging-associated humoral immune dysfunction and arterial stiffness. Vascular infiltration of inflammatory cells and expression of TGFβ1, collagen 1, scleraxis, MMP-2 and MMP-9 were increased while the elastin level was decreased in aortas of SAMP1 and old mice which can be rescued by AAV-SKL. Interestingly, treatment with IgG effectively rescued arterial inflammation and remodeling and attenuated arterial stiffness and hypertension in aging mice. In cultured B-lymphoblast cells, we further showed that SKL regulates B-cell proliferation and maturation partly via the NFkB pathway. CONCLUSION Aging-associated arterial stiffening may be largely attributed to downregulation of B-cell population and serum IgG levels. AAV-SKL attenuates arterial stiffness in aging mice partly via restoring B-cell population and serum IgG levels which attenuates aging-associated vascular inflammation and arterial remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Fan
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Shirley Wang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, A302 Coleman Building, 956 Court Avenue, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Zhongjie Sun
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, A302 Coleman Building, 956 Court Avenue, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
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Sun QW, Sun Z. Stem Cell Therapy for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: An Update. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022; 41:692-703. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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