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van Amersfort K, van der Lee A, Hagen-Plantinga E. Evidence-base for the beneficial effect of nutraceuticals in canine dermatological immune-mediated inflammatory diseases - A literature review. Vet Dermatol 2023. [PMID: 36938651 DOI: 10.1111/vde.13152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are associated with an abnormal immune response, resulting in a disturbed homeostasis and chronic inflammation. Most canine dermatological IMIDs (cDIMIDs), such as allergies, autoimmune and immune-mediated diseases, require long-term treatment with immunosuppressive drugs with potential adverse effects. In general, nutraceuticals are thought to be safe. As a result, there is a tendency for the more frequent use of nutraceuticals in veterinary medicine. OBJECTIVES The aim of this review was to present evidence-based proof for the use of various nutraceuticals in the treatment of cDIMIDs and, where possible, to provide conclusions to guide their use in veterinary dermatological practice. METHODS A comprehensive literature search on common cDIMIDs and nutraceuticals was performed. Only peer-reviewed articles published in English and related to the study topic were included. A total of 64 eligible publications were classified in five categories based on study design and substantively assessed on additional criteria such as standardisation of diets and number of included animals. For final appraisal, classification of major, minor or no evidence was used whereby efficacy was based on clinical outcome measurements. CONCLUSIONS Minor evidence for the beneficial use of several nutraceuticals, including essential fatty acids, niacinamide and probiotics, was found for treatment of specific cDIMIDs. These nutraceuticals may improve clinical signs or reduce the required dose of concurrent medication (e.g. drug-sparing effect) in some dogs. Some nutraceuticals also may be used for long-term maintenance therapy. Despite some promising findings, major evidence for the use of nutraceuticals in cDIMIDs is lacking, warranting further research.
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Effects of Feeding a Hypoallergenic Diet with a Nutraceutical on Fecal Dysbiosis Index and Clinical Manifestations of Canine Atopic Dermatitis. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11102985. [PMID: 34680004 PMCID: PMC8532801 DOI: 10.3390/ani11102985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The prevalence of canine atopic dermatitis in developed countries has been growing constantly over the last few decades. Genetic predisposition represents only part of the problem, and environmental factors are believed to be an important boost to the rapid rise in atopic dogs. Although a complete understanding of the gut–skin axis has not yet been achieved, a growing number of studies demonstrate a close relationship between gastrointestinal imbalance and skin diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a nutraceutical product on the Dysbiotic Index and skin lesions of atopic dogs. Abstract Background: an imbalance of the intestinal microbiota can cause health problems in the gastrointestinal tract and in other organs. Canine Atopic Dermatitis (CAD) is a genetically predisposed, inflammatory and pruritic allergic skin disease with multifactorial etiology and multimodal treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a nutraceutical product on Dysbiotic Index (DI) and the skin lesions of atopic dogs. Methods: a nutraceutical product was administered to 32 dogs with CAD. The product was associated with a standardized hypoallergenic diet for 60 days; the dietary regimen continued for 120 days, while ongoing therapies remained unchanged. Values of Visual Analogic Scale (VAS), Canine Atopic Dermatitis Lesional Index (CADLI) and DI were evaluated on day 0, 60, 120. Results: all the 32 dogs showed a statistically significant decrease (p < 0.001) to V60 of VAS and CADLI, which persisted and increased to V120 when diet alone was continued. The decrease in the DI value was also statistically significant (p < 0.001). Conclusion: the intake of nutraceutical associated with diet resulted in a decrease in the index of intestinal dysbiosis, with an improvement in the subjective severity of cutaneous lesions.
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Tanprasertsuk J, Tate DE, Shmalberg J. Roles of plant-based ingredients and phytonutrients in canine nutrition and health. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2021; 106:586-613. [PMID: 34495560 PMCID: PMC9291198 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Dogs possess the ability to obtain essential nutrients, established by the Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO), from both animal‐ and plant‐based ingredients. There has been a recent increase in the popularity of diets that limit or completely exclude certain plant‐based ingredients. Examples of these diets include ‘ancestral’ or ‘evolutionary’ diets, raw meat‐based diets and grain‐free diets. As compared to animal sources, plant‐derived ingredients (including vegetables, fruits, grains, legumes, nuts and seeds) provide many non‐essential phytonutrients with some data suggesting they confer health benefits. This review aims to assess the strength of current evidence on the relationship between the consumption of plant‐based foods and phytonutrients (such as plant‐derived carotenoids, polyphenols and phytosterols) and biomarkers of health and diseases (such as body weight/condition, gastrointestinal health, immune health, cardiovascular health, visual function and cognitive function) from clinical trials and epidemiological studies. This review highlights the potential nutritional and health benefits of including plant‐based ingredients as a part of balanced canine diets. We also highlight current research gaps in existing studies and provide future research directions to inform the impact of incorporating plant‐based ingredients in commercial or home‐prepared diets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Justin Shmalberg
- NomNomNow Inc, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Comparative, Diagnostic and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Saridomichelakis MN, Favrot C, Jackson HA, Bensignor E, Prost C, Mueller RS. A proposed medication score for long-term trials of treatment of canine atopic dermatitis sensu lato. Vet Rec 2021; 188:e19. [PMID: 33666961 DOI: 10.1002/vetr.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of concurrent medications is necessary in trials of treatment of canine atopic dermatitis. Our aim was to use the best available evidence to construct and then to validate a medication score (MS) formula that will estimate the impact of concurrent medications on trial outcomes. METHODS Trials of 15 interventions were scrutinized to find those that were consistent in terms of specific medication, administration route and dosage regimen. A MS was constructed in five steps, starting from assigning a score of 1 for each day on oral prednisone, prednisolone or methylprednisolone at 0.5-1.0 mg/kg. The MS score was validated using the clinical records of 35 dogs with atopic dermatitis that had been treated for a period of 12 ± 2 weeks with six of these medications and compared with a previously published non-validated MS. RESULTS A MS could be assigned to eight treatments, six of which had been administered to the 35 dogs. A positive correlation was seen with the previously published MS and a negative correlation with changes in lesional and pruritus scores. CONCLUSION This MS may be a useful tool in new studies evaluating the efficacy of treatments in canine atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manolis N Saridomichelakis
- Clinic of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, Karditsa, Greece.,'Attiko' Animal Hospital, Paiania, Attiki, Greece
| | - Claude Favrot
- Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Dermatology Department, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Emmanuel Bensignor
- Dermatology Referral Service, Clinique Vétérinaire, Rennes-Cesson, France
| | | | - Ralf S Mueller
- Medizinische Kleintierklinik, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
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Marchegiani A, Fruganti A, Spaterna A, Dalle Vedove E, Bachetti B, Massimini M, Di Pierro F, Gavazza A, Cerquetella M. Impact of Nutritional Supplementation on Canine Dermatological Disorders. Vet Sci 2020; 7:E38. [PMID: 32260299 PMCID: PMC7355824 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci7020038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutritional supplements, also known as complementary feeds, are products administered with the aim of furnishing health benefits, regardless of nutritional needs. They have been used since ancient times in veterinary dermatology, and a number of studies have focused on investigating the health benefits of some ingredients found in commercially available complementary feed for dogs. The aim of this paper is to review the literature available on the use of nutritional supplementation for the management of canine skin diseases, critically appraising the clinical efficacy of such interventions and summarizing the current state of knowledge. This review highlights how these feeds can be considered useful in the management of dermatological disorders and outlines their beneficial effects in the prevention of dietary deficiencies and treatment of diseases, alone, or in addition to conventional pharmacological therapy. In recent years, nutritional supplements have found increasing potential application in veterinary medicine, and the scientific proofs of their beneficial effects are described in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Marchegiani
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica, Italy; (A.F.); (A.S.); (A.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Alessandro Fruganti
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica, Italy; (A.F.); (A.S.); (A.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Andrea Spaterna
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica, Italy; (A.F.); (A.S.); (A.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Elena Dalle Vedove
- Research and Development Unit (NIL), C.I.A.M. srl, 63100 Ascoli Piceno, Italy; (E.D.V.); (B.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Benedetta Bachetti
- Research and Development Unit (NIL), C.I.A.M. srl, 63100 Ascoli Piceno, Italy; (E.D.V.); (B.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Marcella Massimini
- Research and Development Unit (NIL), C.I.A.M. srl, 63100 Ascoli Piceno, Italy; (E.D.V.); (B.B.); (M.M.)
| | | | - Alessandra Gavazza
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica, Italy; (A.F.); (A.S.); (A.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Matteo Cerquetella
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica, Italy; (A.F.); (A.S.); (A.G.); (M.C.)
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Conjugated linoleic acid attenuates 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis in mice through dual inhibition of COX-2/5-LOX and TLR4/NF-κB signaling. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 81:108379. [PMID: 32330842 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), commonly found in beef, lamb and dairy products, has been reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory and antipruritus effects and to inhibit the release of chemical mediators such as histamine and eicosanoid in laboratory rodents. The chief objective of the study is to assess the efficacy of CLA on atopic dermatitis (AD) in mice and to explore possible mechanisms with CLA treatments. To develop a new therapy for AD, the anti-AD potential of CLA was investigated by inducing AD-like skin lesions in mice using 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene. We evaluated dermatitis severity; histopathological changes; serum levels of T helper (Th) cytokines (interferon-γ, interleukin-4); changes in protein expression by western blotting and immunohistochemistry staining for cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), toll like receptor 4 (TLR-4), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α); and production of the proinflammatory lipid mediators, such as prostaglandin E2 and leukotriene B4, in the skin lesions. Treatment with CLA ameliorated the development of AD-like clinical symptoms and effectively inhibited epidermal hyperplasia and infiltration of mast cells and CD4+ T cells in the AD mouse skin. Total serum immunoglobulin E levels and the expression levels of Th1/Th2 cytokines and lipid mediators in dorsal skin were dramatically suppressed by CLA. Furthermore, CLA down-regulated the expressions of COX-2, 5-LOX, TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB and TNF-α. Taken together, our findings demonstrate the potential usefulness of CLA as an anti-inflammatory dietary supplement or drug for the prevention and management of AD skin diseases by modulating the COX-2/5-LOX and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathways.
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Tang L, Li X, Wan L, Wang H, Mai Q, Deng Z, Ding H. Ameliorative effect of orally administered different linoleic acid/α-linolenic acid ratios in a mouse model of DNFB-induced atopic dermatitis. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Ricci R, Berlanda M, Tenti S, Bailoni L. Study of the chemical and nutritional characteristics of commercial dog foods used as elimination diet for the diagnosis of canine food allergy. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2009.s2.328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Ricci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, Università di Padova, Italy
| | - Michele Berlanda
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Veterinarie, Università di Padova, Italy
| | - Sandro Tenti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, Università di Padova, Italy
| | - Lucia Bailoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, Università di Padova, Italy
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Krasodomska O, Jungnickel C. Viability of fruit seed oil O/W emulsions in personal care products. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2015.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Noli C, Della Valle MF, Miolo A, Medori C, Schievano C. Efficacy of ultra-micronized palmitoylethanolamide in canine atopic dermatitis: an open-label multi-centre study. Vet Dermatol 2015; 26:432-40, e101. [PMID: 26283633 DOI: 10.1111/vde.12250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Palmitoylethanolamide is a naturally occurring bioactive lipid, produced on-demand by damage-exposed cells. Palmitoylethanolamide is documented to counteract inflammation, itch and pain. OBJECTIVE The aim of this 8-week study was to evaluate the efficacy of oral ultra-micronized palmitoylethanolamide (PEA-um) in dogs with moderate atopic dermatitis. ANIMALS Clinicians from 39 veterinary clinics enrolled 160 dogs with nonseasonal atopic dermatitis and moderate pruritus. METHODS This was a multi-centre open-label study. On days 0 (D0) and 56 (D56), owners evaluated pruritus with a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and completed a validated Quality of Life (QoL) questionnaire. Veterinarians assessed the severity of skin lesions using the Canine Atopic Dermatitis Lesion Index (CADLI). RESULTS Mean pruritus VAS score decreased from 5.7 ± 0.08 cm (range 3.8-7.9 cm) to 3.63 ± 0.19 cm (range 0.1-9.2 cm) (P < 0.0001). At D56, 58% of dogs showed a greater than 2 cm reduction from baseline and 30% showed an absent-to-very mild pruritus (VAS ≤ 2 cm). Mean total CADLI at D56 decreased significantly (P < 0.0001); in 62% of dogs this score reached a value in the remission range (≤5). Mean total QoL score was significantly decreased (P < 0.0001) with 45% of dogs reaching QoL values described for healthy animals. Tolerability was good-to-excellent with only four dogs reporting treatment associated reversible adverse events. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE PEA-um appears to be effective and safe in reducing pruritus and skin lesions, and in improving QoL in dogs with moderate atopic dermatitis and moderate pruritus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Noli
- Servizi Dermatologici Veterinari, Strada Bedale della Ressia 2, Peveragno, CN, 12016, Italy
| | - M Federica Della Valle
- CeDIS (Centro di Documentazione e Informazione Scientifica), Innovet Italia Srl, Via Egadi 7, Milan, 20144, Italy
| | - Alda Miolo
- CeDIS (Centro di Documentazione e Informazione Scientifica), Innovet Italia Srl, Via Egadi 7, Milan, 20144, Italy
| | - Cristina Medori
- CeDIS (Centro di Documentazione e Informazione Scientifica), Innovet Italia Srl, Via Egadi 7, Milan, 20144, Italy
| | - Carlo Schievano
- Dipartimento Biomedicina Comparata ed Alimentazione, Università di Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, Legnaro, PD, 35020, Italy
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Dalle Zotte A, Sartori A, Bohatir P, Rémignon H, Ricci R. Effect of dietary supplementation of Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) and Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) on growth performance, apparent digestibility and health status of companion dwarf rabbits. Livest Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2012.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Effect of dietary conjugated linoleic acid supplementation on early inflammatory responses during cutaneous wound healing. Mediators Inflamm 2010; 2010. [PMID: 20871865 PMCID: PMC2943105 DOI: 10.1155/2010/342328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2010] [Accepted: 07/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory response is considered the most important period that regulates the entire healing process. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a class of linoleic acid positional and geometric isomers, is well known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. We hypothesized that dietary CLA supplementation accelerates cutaneous wound healing by regulating antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions. To investigate wound closure rates and inflammatory responses, we used a full-thickness excisional wound model after 2-week treatments with control, 0.5%, or 1% CLA-supplemented diet. Mice fed dietary CLA supplementation had reduced levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers. Moreover, the wound closure rate was improved significantly in mice fed a 1% CLA-supplemented diet during early stage of wound healing (inflammatory stage). We conclude that dietary CLA supplementation enhances the early stage of cutaneous wound healing as a result of modulating oxidative stress and inflammatory responses.
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Olivry T, Foster AP, Mueller RS, McEwan NA, Chesney C, Williams HC. Interventions for atopic dermatitis in dogs: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Vet Dermatol 2010; 21:4-22. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2009.00784.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kang JH, Lee GS, Jeung EB, Yang MP. Trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid modulates phagocytic responses of canine peripheral blood polymorphonuclear neutrophilic leukocytes exposed to Clostridium difficile toxin B. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2009; 130:178-86. [PMID: 19269037 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2009.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2008] [Revised: 01/23/2009] [Accepted: 02/05/2009] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10c12-CLA) has been reported to enhance phagocyte function. Clostridium difficile toxin B (TcdB) has been known to inhibit Ras-homologous (Rho) guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) which play essential roles in neutrophil immune functions. Here, we examined whether in vitro treatment with t10c12-CLA modulates the filamentous actin (F-actin) polymerization, phagocytic capacity, and oxidative burst activity (OBA) of canine peripheral blood polymorphonuclear neutrophilic leukocytes (PMNs) exposed to TcdB. Treatment with t10c12-CLA, but not linoleic acid, enhanced PMN F-actin polymerization, phagocytic capacity, and OBA, while TcdB suppressed these functions. t10c12-CLA reversed the suppressive effects of TcdB on these PMN functions. t10c12-CLA stimulated F-actin polymerization regardless of whether phagocytosis was stimulated by microspheres but only elevated OBA when microspheres were added. We asked whether the effects of t10c12-CLA were associated with changes in the activation of the Rho GTPase Cdc42. Treatment with t10c12-CLA augmented Cdc42 activity in both TcdB-treated and TcdB-naive PMNs during phagocytosis. Thus, t10c12-CLA up-regulates PMN phagocytic responses attenuated by TcdB. This effect is associated with an increase in actin polymerization and may involve the activation of Cdc42.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Houn Kang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
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Berry seed press residues and their valuable ingredients with special regard to black currant seed press residues. Food Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Bloom P. Atopic dermatitis: The quest for the silver bullet. Vet J 2008; 177:151-2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2008.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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