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Bergström A, Kjörk Granström M, Roepstorff L, Alipour MJ, Pettersson K, Ljungvall I. Long-Term Effect of Intra-Articular Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction and Platelet-Rich Plasma in Dogs with Elbow Joint Disease-A Pilot Study. Vet Sci 2024; 11:296. [PMID: 39057980 PMCID: PMC11281594 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11070296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The aim of the current pilot study was to describe the long-term effects of a single intra-articular injection of autologous stromal vascular fraction (SVF) with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in dogs with confirmed elbow OA, using orthopedic lameness scoring and kinetic and kinematic gait analysis. For comparison of normal long-term variation of gait over time, a group of healthy control dogs (CDs) was also evaluated. (2) Methods: A prospective longitudinal clinical pilot study investigating 19 client-owned dogs with elbow OA (OADs) treated with SVF and PRP and eight CDs not receiving treatment. The OAD and CD groups were evaluated before and after 6 and at least 12 months following treatment with SVF and PRP (OAD group) and twice with a six-month interval (CD group), respectively, through orthopedic examinations, goniometry, and kinetic and kinematic analyses (seven variables). (3) Results: The OAD had an increase in fore-hind peak force symmetry ≥12 months after treatment (p < 0.05), but no other objective variables changed over time. Orthopedic consensus scores had improved at ≥six months follow-up evaluation (p < 0.05). None of the investigated gait variables had changed at ≥six months follow-up evaluation in the CD group. (4) Conclusions: The current study could not confirm a significant benefit from SVF and PRP treatment in OADs, but future studies should be conducted in order to fully evaluate the potential of the treatment. The improvement seen in fore-hindlimb symmetry may represent an improvement in gait or an incidental finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Bergström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7070, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden; (A.B.); (I.L.)
| | - Miriam Kjörk Granström
- University Animal Hospital, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Ultunaallén 5A, P.O. Box 7070, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Lars Roepstorff
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7070, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Mohammad J. Alipour
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Agnes Sjöberginkatu 2, P.O. Box 66, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Kjerstin Pettersson
- University Animal Hospital, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Ultunaallén 5A, P.O. Box 7070, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Ingrid Ljungvall
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7070, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden; (A.B.); (I.L.)
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Ozden Akkaya O, Dikmen T, Nawaz S, Kibria AG, Altunbaş K, Yağci A, Erdoğan M, Yaprakci MV. Comparison of proliferation and osteogenic differentiation potential of bovine adipose tissue and bone marrow derived stem cells. Biotech Histochem 2023; 98:267-279. [PMID: 36815431 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2023.2177347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow derived stem cells (BMSC) are the most utilized cell type in the field of bone regeneration. Although BMSC are both safe and efficacious, the search for alternative sources for stem cells continues. We investigated bovine BMSC and adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells (ATSC) using immunofluorescence and PCR. We further compared the osteogenic differentiation potentials of both sources of stem cells. We assessed alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme levels and calcium deposition in differentiating cells at days 7, 14 and 21 to compare the osteogenic differentiation capability of both cell types. We found that ATSC expressed significantly higher ALP levels compared to BMSC throughout osteogenic differentiation. Calcium deposition was greater in ATSC than BMSC at days 7 and 14. By the end of day 21, BMSC produced greater calcium deposition. We found that ATSC undergo osteogenic differentiation more rapidly than BMSC, but BMSC provide greater mineralization over longer periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Ozden Akkaya
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Türkiye
| | - Tayfun Dikmen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Türkiye
| | - Shah Nawaz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Türkiye.,Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Asm Golam Kibria
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Türkiye.,Department of Anatomy and Histology, Chattogram University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | - Korhan Altunbaş
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Türkiye
| | - Artay Yağci
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Milas Veterinary Faculty, Mugla Sıtkı Kocman University, Mugla, Türkiye
| | - Metin Erdoğan
- Department of Veterinary Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Türkiye
| | - Mustafa Volkan Yaprakci
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Türkiye
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Attenuation of Knee Osteoarthritis Progression in Mice through Polarization of M2 Macrophages by Intra-Articular Transplantation of Non-Cultured Human Adipose-Derived Regenerative Cells. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10194309. [PMID: 34640324 PMCID: PMC8509129 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10194309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived regenerative cells (ADRCs) are non-cultured heterogeneous or mixed populations of cells obtained from adipose tissue by collagenase digestion. The injection of ADRCs have been tried clinically for the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of intra-articular transplantation of human ADRCs on OA progression in mice and the effect of ADRCs on macrophage polarization. In in vivo experiments, BALB/c-nu mice with knee OA received intra-articular transplantation of either phosphate buffered-saline or human ADRCs. OA progression was evaluated histologically and significantly attenuated in the ADRC group at both four and eight weeks postoperatively. The expression of OA-related proteins in the cartilage and macrophage-associated markers in the synovium were examined by immunohistochemistry. The numbers of MMP-13-, ADAMTS-5-, IL-1β-, IL-6- and iNOS-positive cells significantly decreased, and type II collagen- and CD206-positive cells were more frequently detected in the ADRC group compared with that in the control group. In vitro co-culture experiments showed that ADRCs induced macrophage polarization toward M2. The results of this study suggest that the intra-articular transplantation of human ADRCs could attenuate OA progression possibly by reducing catabolic factors in chondrocytes and modulating macrophage polarization.
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Gomes LA, Cardoso KMM, Reis AMS, Melo FG, Serakides R, Ocarino NM. Effect of ethanol consumption during pregnancy and lactation on bone histomorphometry and in vitro osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in maternal rats. Alcohol 2021; 95:51-64. [PMID: 34284095 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of maternal ethanol consumption during gestation and lactation on bone mass and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells of the bone marrow (BMMSCs) in rats. Thirteen adult Wistar rats were used. The rats were mated, and after confirmation of gestation, (day 0) they were distributed in two groups: the control group and the ethanol-treated group. From the ninth day of gestation, the rats of the ethanol and control groups were administered 40% alcoholic solution (4 g ethanol/kg) and distilled water, respectively, daily via gavage until the thirtieth day of lactation. The BMMSCs were extracted from the right femurs and tibiae and cultured using an osteogenic medium for 7, 14, and 21 days. The conversion of MTT to formazan crystals, alkaline phosphatase activity, and percentages of cells per field were analyzed. The number of mineralized nodules per field was examined, and quantification of the gene transcripts for osteopontin, osteocalcin, and BMP-2 was evaluated on day 21 by real-time RT-PCR. Morphometric evaluations of the percentage of trabecular bone and cortical thickness in the left femur and tibia were performed. The means were compared by the Student's t-test, and the differences were considered significant if p < 0.05. The BMMSCs of the rats that consumed ethanol during gestation and lactation, when subjected to osteogenic differentiation in vitro, demonstrated higher conversion of MTT to formazan, higher alkaline phosphatase activity, a higher percentage of cells per field, higher expression of BMP-2, and higher synthesis of mineralized nodules when compared to those of control rat cells. However, there was no significant difference in the percentage of trabecular bone or cortical thickness between both groups. Hence, the consumption of ethanol during pregnancy and lactation did not alter the trabecular and cortical bone tissues of the femur and tibia compared with that of pregnant and lactating control rats that did not consume alcohol, despite BMMSCs showing higher osteogenic differentiation under in vitro conditions.
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Placenta-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells: a promising potential cell-based therapy for canine inflammatory brain disease. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:304. [PMID: 32698861 PMCID: PMC7374910 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01799-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Canine inflammatory brain disease (IBD) is a severe inflammatory disorder characterized by infiltration of activated immune cell subsets into the brain and spinal cord. Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a promising therapy for IBD, based on their potent pro-angiogenic, neuroprotective, and immunomodulatory properties. The aims of this study were to compare the immunomodulatory attributes of canine adipose-derived MSCs (ASCs) and placenta-derived MSCs (PMSCs) in vitro. These data will serve as potency information to help inform the optimal MSC cell source to treat naturally occurring canine IBD. Methods Indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO) activity and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentration at baseline and after stimulation with interferon gamma (IFNγ) and/or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) were measured from canine ASC and PMSC cultures. Leukocyte suppression assays (LSAs) were performed to compare the ability of ASCs and PMSCs to inhibit activated peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proliferation. IDO activity and PGE2; interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, and IL-8; TNFα; and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentrations were also measured from co-culture supernatants. Cell cycle analysis was performed to determine how ASCs and PMSCs altered lymphocyte proliferation. Results Activated canine MSCs from both tissue sources secreted high concentrations of IDO and PGE2, after direct stimulation with IFNγ and TNFα, or indirect stimulation by activated PBMCs. Both ASCs and PMSCs inhibited activated PBMC proliferation in LSA assays; however, PMSCs inhibited PBMC proliferation significantly more than ASCs. Blocking PGE2 and IDO in LSA assays determined that PGE2 is important only for ASC inhibition of PBMC proliferation. Activated ASCs increased IL-6 and VEGF secretion and decreased TNFα secretion, while activated PMSCs increased IL-6, IL-8, and VEGF secretion. ASCs inhibited lymphocyte proliferation via cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 and PMSCs inhibited lymphocyte proliferation via induction of lymphocyte apoptosis. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that ASCs and PMSCs have substantial in vitro potential as a cell-based therapy for IBD; however, PMSCs more potently inhibited lymphocyte proliferation by inducing apoptosis of activated lymphocytes. These data suggest that the mechanism by which ASCs and PMSCs downregulate PBMC proliferation differs. Additional studies may elucidate additional mechanisms by which canine MSCs modulate neuroinflammatory responses.
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Mesenchymal stem cell-based bone tissue engineering for veterinary practice. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02808. [PMID: 31844733 PMCID: PMC6895744 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering has been widely studied and proposed as a promising platform for correcting the bone defects. The applications of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based bone tissue engineering have been investigated in various in vitro and in vivo models. In this regard, the promising animal bone defect models have been employed for illustrating the bone regenerative capacity of MSC-based bone tissue engineering. However, most studies aimed for clinical applications in human. These evidences suggest a knowledge gap to fulfill the accomplishment for veterinary implementation. In this review, the fundamental concept, knowledge, and technology of MSC-based bone tissue engineering focusing on veterinary applications are summarized. In addition, the potential canine MSCs resources for veterinary bone tissue engineering are reviewed, including canine bone marrow-derived MSCs, canine adipose-derived MSCs, and canine dental tissue-derived MSCs. This review will provide a basic and current information for studies aiming for the utilization of MSC-based bone tissue engineering in veterinary practice.
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Alves E, Serakides R, Rosado I, Machado F, Fukushima F, Pereira M, Góes A, Rezende C. Matriz porosa do BV60S associada a células osteoprogenitoras alógenas no tratamento de defeitos ósseos críticos em rádios de cães. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-10613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o efeito da matriz porosa do biovidro 60S (BV60S) associada a células osteoprogenitoras (CO) alógenas no tratamento de defeitos ósseos críticos de cães. Foram utilizados 20 cães, machos, sem raça definida, com dois anos de idade e massa corporal média de 25kg. Com os cães sob anestesia geral, foram criados defeitos ósseos críticos no terço médio dos ossos rádios. Procedeu-se à fixação óssea com uma placa em ponte, e os defeitos foram tratados de acordo com cada grupo experimental. Constituíram-se três grupos experimentais, em que os defeitos ósseos foram preenchidos com: BV60S associado a CO alógenas (grupo BV60S+CO), osso autógeno (grupo C+), ou não preenchidos (grupo C-). A regeneração óssea foi avaliada por meio de exames radiográficos, densitométricos e histomorfométricos ao longo de 90 dias. Os grupos C- e BV60S+CO mostraram preenchimento ósseo parcial do defeito de, no máximo, 56,68% e 35,23%, respectivamente, sem a formação de ponte óssea entre as extremidades, e o controle positivo (C+) mostrou regeneração óssea completa. Conclui-se que a matriz porosa do BV60S associada às células osteoprogenitoras não é eficiente no tratamento de defeitos ósseos críticos em rádios de cães.
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Affiliation(s)
- E.G.L. Alves
- Universidade de Uberaba, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - I.R. Rosado
- Universidade de Uberaba, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - A.M. Góes
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Feline Adult Adipose Tissue-Derived Multipotent Stromal Cell Isolation and Differentiation. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1773:173-188. [PMID: 29687390 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7799-4_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The cat, as a species, is somewhat new to the field of adult multipotent stromal cells. Despite the relative phylogenetic distance between the domestic cat, Felis silvestris catus, and humans, they share some similar health challenges like diabetes, kidney disease and asthma. There is a plethora of current investigative efforts focused on adult adipose tissue-derived multipotent stromal cell (ASC) therapies to address these and other conditions. Given the small size of domestic cats, particular attention to optimize cell isolation from relatively little tissue is a necessary condition of feline ASC studies and therapies. Additionally, there are some unique features of culture conditions to test and confirm feline ASC plasticity. This chapter contains a few of the novel aspects of feline ASC isolation and culture.
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Gugjoo MB, Amarpal A, Sharma GT. Mesenchymal stem cell basic research and applications in dog medicine. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:16779-16811. [PMID: 30790282 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The stem cells, owing to their special characteristics like self-renewal, multiplication, homing, immunomodulation, anti-inflammatory, and dedifferentiation are considered to carry an "all-in-one-solution" for diverse clinical problems. However, the limited understanding of cellular physiology currently limits their definitive therapeutic use. Among various stem cell types, currently mesenchymal stem cells are extensively studied for dog clinical applications owing to their readily available sources, easy harvesting, and ability to differentiate both into mesodermal, as well as extramesodermal tissues. The isolated, culture expanded, and characterized cells have been applied both at preclinical as well as clinical settings in dogs with variable but mostly positive results. The results, though positive, are currently inconclusive and demands further intensive research on the properties and their dependence on the applications. Further, numerous clinical conditions of dog resemble to that of human counterparts and thus, if proved rewarding in the former may act as basis of therapy for the latter. The current review throws some light on dog mesenchymal stem cell properties and their potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudasir Bashir Gugjoo
- Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-K, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Amarpal Amarpal
- Division of Surgery, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Gutulla Taru Sharma
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
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Therapeutic Potential of Autologous Adipose-Derived Stem Cells for the Treatment of Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19124064. [PMID: 30558283 PMCID: PMC6321531 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19124064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, the most effective therapy for liver diseases is liver transplantation, but its use is limited by organ donor shortage, economic reasons, and the requirement for lifelong immunosuppression. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation represents a promising alternative for treating liver pathologies in both human and veterinary medicine. Interestingly, these pathologies appear with a common clinical and pathological profile in the human and canine species; as a consequence, dogs may be a spontaneous model for clinical investigations in humans. The aim of this work was to characterize canine adipose-derived MSCs (cADSCs) and compare them to their human counterpart (hADSCs) in order to support the application of the canine model in cell-based therapy of liver diseases. Both cADSCs and hADSCs were successfully isolated from adipose tissue samples. The two cell populations shared a common fibroblast-like morphology, expression of stemness surface markers, and proliferation rate. When examining multilineage differentiation abilities, cADSCs showed lower adipogenic potential and higher osteogenic differentiation than human cells. Both cell populations retained high viability when kept in PBS at controlled temperature and up to 72 h, indicating the possibility of short-term storage and transportation. In addition, we evaluated the efficacy of autologous ADSCs transplantation in dogs with liver diseases. All animals exhibited significantly improved liver function, as evidenced by lower liver biomarkers levels measured after cells transplantation and evaluation of cytological specimens. These beneficial effects seem to be related to the immunomodulatory properties of stem cells. We therefore believe that such an approach could be a starting point for translating the results to the human clinical practice in future.
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Duan W, Chen C, Haque M, Hayes D, Lopez MJ. Polymer-mineral scaffold augments in vivo equine multipotent stromal cell osteogenesis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018. [PMID: 29523214 PMCID: PMC5845133 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0790-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Use of bioscaffolds to direct osteogenic differentiation of adult multipotent stromal cells (MSCs) without exogenous proteins is a contemporary approach to bone regeneration. Identification of in vivo osteogenic contributions of exogenous MSCs on bioscaffolds after long-term implantation is vital to understanding cell persistence and effect duration. Methods This study was designed to quantify in vivo equine MSC osteogenesis on synthetic polymer scaffolds with distinct mineral combinations 9 weeks after implantation in a murine model. Cryopreserved, passage (P)1, equine bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSC) and adipose tissue-derived MSCs (ASC) were culture expanded to P3 and immunophenotyped with flow cytometry. They were then loaded by spinner flask on to scaffolds composed of tricalcium phosphate (TCP)/hydroxyapatite (HA) (40:60; HT), polyethylene glycol (PEG)/poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) (60:40; GA), or PEG/PLLA/TCP/HA (36:24:24:16; GT). Scaffolds with and without cells were maintained in static culture for up to 21 days or implanted subcutaneously in athymic mice that were radiographed every 3 weeks up to 9 weeks. In vitro cell viability and proliferation were determined. Explant composition (double-stranded (ds)DNA, collagen, sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG), protein), equine and murine osteogenic target gene expression, microcomputed tomography (μCT) mineralization, and light microscopic structure were assessed. Results The ASC and BMSC number increased significantly in HT constructs between 7 and 21 days of culture, and BMSCs increased similarly in GT constructs. Radiographic opacity increased with time in GT-BMSC constructs. Extracellular matrix (ECM) components and dsDNA increased significantly in GT compared to HT constructs. Equine and murine osteogenic gene expression was highest in BMSC constructs with mineral-containing scaffolds. The HT constructs with either cell type had the highest mineral deposition based on μCT. Regardless of composition, scaffolds with cells had more ECM than those without, and osteoid was apparent in all BMSC constructs. Conclusions In this study, both exogenous and host MSCs appear to contribute to in vivo osteogenesis. Addition of mineral to polymer scaffolds enhances equine MSC osteogenesis over polymer alone, but pure mineral scaffold provides superior osteogenic support. These results emphasize the need for bioscaffolds that provide customized osteogenic direction of both exo- and endogenous MSCs for the best regenerative potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Duan
- Laboratory for Equine and Comparative Orthopedic Research, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Cong Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Masudul Haque
- Laboratory for Equine and Comparative Orthopedic Research, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Daniel Hayes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Mandi J Lopez
- Laboratory for Equine and Comparative Orthopedic Research, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
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Duan W, Lopez MJ, Hicok K. Adult multipotent stromal cell cryopreservation: Pluses and pitfalls. Vet Surg 2018; 47:19-29. [PMID: 29023790 PMCID: PMC5813167 DOI: 10.1111/vsu.12730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Study and clinical testing of adult multipotent stromal cells (MSCs) are central to progressive improvements in veterinary regenerative medicine. Inherent limitations to long-term culture preclude use for storage. Until cell line creation from primary isolates becomes routine, MSC stasis at cryogenic temperatures is required for this purpose. Many protocols and reagents, including cryoprotectants, used for veterinary MSCs are derived from those for human and rodent cells. Dissimilarities in cryopreservation strategies play a role in variable MSC behaviors. Familiarity with contemporary cryopreservation reagents and processes is essential to an appreciation of their impact on MSC survival and post-cryopreservation behavior. In addition to these points, this review includes a brief history and description of current veterinary stem cell regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Duan
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary MedicineLouisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLouisiana
| | - Mandi J. Lopez
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary MedicineLouisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLouisiana
| | - Kevin Hicok
- Research and Development, VetStem Biopharma IncPowayCalifornia
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Duan W, Lopez MJ. Canine Adult Adipose Tissue-Derived Multipotent Stromal Cell Isolation and Characterization. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1773:189-202. [PMID: 29687391 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7799-4_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Adult multipotent stromal cells (MSCs) are increasingly popular for direct therapeutic applications and bioengineering. Canine patients constitute a major component of veterinary practice, and the dog is an established preclinical animal model for numerous traumatic, degenerative, and disease conditions. Current information supports the presence and relative abundance of adipose tissue-derived multipotent stromal cells (ASCs) in various canine adipose tissue depots. Refined isolation and characterization techniques contribute to collective knowledge of ASC phenotypes and subpopulations for customized, targeted applications. Continued efforts to augment understanding of canine ASCs is critical to progressive treatment advances and high-impact study outcomes. This chapter contains a description of techniques to isolate and characterize canine ASCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Duan
- Laboratory for Equine and Comparative Orthopedic Research, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Mandi J Lopez
- Laboratory for Equine and Comparative Orthopedic Research, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
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14
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Investigating the mincing method for isolation of adipose-derived stem cells from pregnant women fat. Cytotechnology 2017; 70:55-66. [PMID: 29234944 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-017-0162-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The success of stem cell application in regenerative medicine, usually require a stable source of stem or progenitor cells. Fat tissue represents a good source of stem cells because it is rich in stem cells and there are fewer ethical issues related to the use of such stem cells, unlike embryonic stem cells. Therefore, there has been increased interest in adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) for tissue engineering applications. Here, we aim to provide an easy processing method for isolating adult stem cells from human adipose tissue harvested from the subcutaneous fat of the abdominal wall during gynecologic surgery. We used a homogenizer to mince fat and compared the results with those obtained from the traditional cut method involving a sterile scalpel and forceps. Our results showed that our method provides another stable and quality source of stem cells that could be used in cases with a large quantity of fat. Furthermore, we found that pregnancy adipose-derived stem cells (P-ADSCs) could be maintained in vitro for extended periods with a stable population doubling and low senescence levels. P-ADSCs could also differentiate in vitro into adipogenic, osteogenic, chondrogenic, and insulin-producing cells in the presence of lineage-specific induction factors. In conclusion, like human lipoaspirates, adipose tissues obtained from pregnant women contain multipotent cells with better proliferation and showed great promise for use in both stem cell banking studies as well as in stem cell therapy.
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Trindade AB, Therrien J, Garcia JM, Smith LC. Mesenchymal-like stem cells in canine ovary show high differentiation potential. Cell Prolif 2017; 50. [PMID: 28990287 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recent studies have reported the existence of stem cells in ovarian tissue that show enhanced proliferative and differentiation potential compared to other adult tissues. Based on this evidence, we hypothesized that ovarian tissue contained mesenchymal-like stem cells (MSC) that could be isolated using a novel rapid plastic adhesion technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS We established MSC lines derived from ovarian and adipose tissue based on their ability to rapidly adhere to plastic culture dishes in the first 3 hours after plating and studied their potentiality in terms of molecular markers and differentiation capacity. RESULTS Morphological and kinetic properties of in vitro cultured ovarian MSC were similar to adipose-derived MSC, and both reached senescence after similar passage numbers. Ovarian-derived MSC expressed mesenchymal (CD90 and CD44) but not haematopoietic markers (CD34 and CD45), indicating similarity to adipose-derived MSC. Moreover, ovarian-derived MSC expressed NANOG, TERT, SOX2, OCT4 and showed extensive capacity to differentiate not only into adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic tissue but also towards neurogenic and endodermal lineages and even precursors of primordial germ cells. CONCLUSION These results show for the first time the derivation of ovarian cells with the molecular properties of MSC as well as wide differentiation potential. Canine ovarian tissue is accessible, expandable, multipotent and has high plasticity, holding promise for applications in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Trindade
- Centre de recherche en reproduction et fertilité, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.,Faculdade de Ciências Agrarias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - J Therrien
- Centre de recherche en reproduction et fertilité, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - J M Garcia
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrarias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - L C Smith
- Centre de recherche en reproduction et fertilité, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
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Bearden RN, Huggins SS, Cummings KJ, Smith R, Gregory CA, Saunders WB. In-vitro characterization of canine multipotent stromal cells isolated from synovium, bone marrow, and adipose tissue: a donor-matched comparative study. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:218. [PMID: 28974260 PMCID: PMC5627404 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0639-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The dog represents an excellent large animal model for translational cell-based studies. Importantly, the properties of canine multipotent stromal cells (cMSCs) and the ideal tissue source for specific translational studies have yet to be established. The aim of this study was to characterize cMSCs derived from synovium, bone marrow, and adipose tissue using a donor-matched study design and a comprehensive series of in-vitro characterization, differentiation, and immunomodulation assays. Methods Canine MSCs were isolated from five dogs with cranial cruciate ligament rupture. All 15 cMSC preparations were evaluated using colony forming unit (CFU) assays, flow cytometry analysis, RT-PCR for pluripotency-associated genes, proliferation assays, trilineage differentiation assays, and immunomodulation assays. Data were reported as mean ± standard deviation and compared using repeated-measures analysis of variance and Tukey post-hoc test. Significance was established at p < 0.05. Results All tissue samples produced plastic adherent, spindle-shaped preparations of cMSCs. Cells were negative for CD34, CD45, and STRO-1 and positive for CD9, CD44, and CD90, whereas the degree to which cells were positive for CD105 was variable depending on tissue of origin. Cells were positive for the pluripotency-associated genes NANOG, OCT4, and SOX2. Accounting for donor and tissue sources, there were significant differences in CFU potential, rate of proliferation, trilineage differentiation, and immunomodulatory response. Synovium and marrow cMSCs exhibited superior early osteogenic activity, but when assessing late-stage osteogenesis no significant differences were detected. Interestingly, bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2) supplementation was necessary for early-stage and late-stage osteogenic differentiation, a finding consistent with other canine studies. Additionally, synovium and adipose cMSCs proliferated more rapidly, displayed higher CFU potential, and formed larger aggregates in chondrogenic assays, although proteoglycan and collagen type II staining were subjectively decreased in adipose pellets as compared to synovial and marrow pellets. Lastly, cMSCs derived from all three tissue sources modulated murine macrophage TNF-α and IL-6 levels in a lipopolysaccharide-stimulated coculture assay. Conclusions While cMSCs from synovium, marrow, and adipose tissue share a number of similarities, important differences in proliferation and trilineage differentiation exist and should be considered when selecting cMSCs for translational studies. These results and associated methods will prove useful for future translational studies involving the canine model. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-017-0639-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert N Bearden
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Shannon S Huggins
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Kevin J Cummings
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Roger Smith
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Carl A Gregory
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - William B Saunders
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
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Alves EGL, Serakides R, Rosado IR, Boeloni JN, Ocarino NM, Rezende CMDF. ISOLAMENTO E CULTIVO DE CÉLULAS TRONCO MESENQUIMAIS EXTRAÍDAS DO TECIDO ADIPOSO E DA MEDULA ÓSSEA DE CÃES. CIÊNCIA ANIMAL BRASILEIRA 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1089-6891v18e-34050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Resumo Objetivou-se estabelecer um protocolo para extração, cultivo e expansão de células tronco mesenquimais (CTM), utilizando-se 3,0 mL da medula óssea e 3,0 cm3 de tecido adiposo do subcutâneo de três cães machos com seis meses de idade. As amostras foram processadas e as células extraídas e cultivadas em DMEM. Para comprovação do isolamento de CTM, procedeu-se a caracterização fenotípica e a diferenciação osteogênica, adipogênica e condrogênica. As células isoladas apresentaram morfologia alongada e fusiforme e capacidade de se diferenciar em osteoblastos, adipócitos e condrócitos. A caracterização fenotípica revelou alta expressão de marcadores de CTM CD90 (80,04%) e CD29 (96%) nas células de origem medular e CD90 (60,94%) e CD29 (77,08%) nas de origem adiposa. A expressão de marcadores hematopoiéticos foi baixa tanto nas células de origem medular CD45 (1,45%) e CD34 (1,53%), quanto nas de origem adiposa CD45 (1,45%) e CD34 (1,53%). As modificações e adaptações realizadas nos protocolos clássicos simplificaram o processo e foram eficientes, permitindo o isolamento e cultivo de CTM da medula óssea e do tecido adiposo de cães.
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18
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Lin HY, Fujita N, Endo K, Morita M, Takeda T, Nakagawa T, Nishimura R. Isolation and Characterization of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stem Cells Adhering to Adipocytes in Canine Bone Marrow. Stem Cells Dev 2017; 26:431-440. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2016.0200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hsing-Yi Lin
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoki Fujita
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Endo
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maresuke Morita
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tae Takeda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nakagawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryohei Nishimura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Alves EG, Serakides R, Boeloni JN, Rosado IR, Ocarino NM, Oliveira HP, Góes AM, Rezende CM. Estudo comparativo da diferenciação osteogênica das células tronco mesenquimais da medula óssea e do tecido adiposo de cães adultos. PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x201600130004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar o potencial osteogênico das células tronco mesenquimais extraídas da medula óssea (CTM-MO) com as do tecido adiposo (CTM-AD) de cães adultos. As células foram caracterizadas fenotipicamente quanto à expressão de CD29, CD90, CD34 e CD45 e submetidas à diferenciação adipogênica e condrogênica por 21 dias e osteogênica por 7, 14 e 21 dias. Foram constituídos quatro grupos: 1) CTM-MO em meio osteogênico, 2) CTM-MO em meio basal, 3) CTM-AD em meio osteogênico e 4) CTM-AD em meio basal. Aos 7, 14 e 21 dias de diferenciação osteogênica as culturas foram submetidas às avaliações da conversão de MTT em formazan, da atividade da fosfatase alcalina (FA), da síntese de colágeno e de matriz mineralizada, avaliação do número de células por campo e foram quantificados os transcritos gênicos para osterix, sialoproteina óssea (BSP), osteonectina (ON) e osteocalcina (OC). Tanto as células extraídas da medula óssea quanto do tecido adiposo mostraram elevada expressão de marcadores para células tronco e baixa expressão de marcadores de células hematopoiéticas (menor que 2%). Além disso, foram capazes de se diferenciar em osteoblastos, condrócitos e adipócitos. As CTM-AD submetidas à diferenciação osteogênica mostraram maior conversão do MTT em formazan que as CTM-MO, sob mesmas condições aos 7 e 21 dias. O número de células por campo, a atividade da FA, a síntese de colágeno e de matriz mineralizada foram superior nas CTM-AD em diferenciação, em relação às CTM-MO sob as mesmas condições, em todos os tempos estudados. As expressões de osterix, BSP e OC foram predominantemente superiores nas CTM-MO diferenciadas, mas a expressão de ON foi superior nas CTM-AD diferenciadas aos 7, 14 e 21 dias. Conclui-se que as CTM-AD apresentam maior potencial osteogênico que as CTM-MO quando extraídas de cães adultos.
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20
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Duan W, Lopez MJ. Effects of Cryopreservation on Canine Multipotent Stromal Cells from Subcutaneous and Infrapatellar Adipose Tissue. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2016; 12:257-68. [PMID: 26537238 PMCID: PMC4841859 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-015-9634-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Adipose derived multipotent stromal cells (ASCs) isolated from brown versus white adipose tissues, may have distinct in vitro properties, including response to cryopreservation, due to differences in tissue physiology. This study was designed to determine the ultrastructure, immunophenotype, in vitro expansion capabilities and multipotentiality of paired canine ASCs harvested from subcutaneous (SUB) and infrapatellar (IFP) adipose tissue up to cell passage (P) 3 before and after cryopreservation. Adipocyte and ASC ultrastructure from the same tissue were distinct, and morphologies of both differed between tissue sources and with cryopreservation. Cell expansion and colony forming unit frequencies were similar between ASCs from both tissue sources before and after cryopreservation. Most fresh cells were CD29+, CD44+, CD90+ and CD34- up to P3. Cryopreserved P1 and P3 cells had lower percentages of CD29+ and 44+ cells, respectively, compared to fresh. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) gene expression and sex determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2), CD29 and CD44 protein expression was lower in cryopreserved versus fresh P3 ASCs. Both PPAR-γ and osteopontin (OPN) protein expression increased in fresh and cryopreserved P3 ASCs cultured in adipogenic and osteogenic induction medium, respectively, while SOX2 decreased. Based on the study findings, in vitro expansion and multipotentiality are not distinct among canine SUB and IFP ASCs before or after cryopreservation. However, cryopreservation alters ASC ultrastructure, immunophenotype and transcription factor expression from both tissue sources. Future studies are necessary to determine the impact of cryopreservation on cell potential for therapy and de novo tissue generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Duan
- Laboratory for Equine and Comparative Orthopedic Research, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Mandi J Lopez
- Laboratory for Equine and Comparative Orthopedic Research, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
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21
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Latief N, Raza FA, Bhatti FUR, Tarar MN, Khan SN, Riazuddin S. Adipose stem cells differentiated chondrocytes regenerate damaged cartilage in rat model of osteoarthritis. Cell Biol Int 2016; 40:579-88. [PMID: 26888708 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or autologous chondrocytes has been shown to repair damages to articular cartilage due to osteoarthritis (OA). However, survival of transplanted cells is considerably reduced in the osteoarthritic environment and it affects successful outcome of the transplantation of the cells. Differentiated chrondroytes derived from adipose stem cells have been proposed as an alternative source and our study investigated this possibility in rats. We investigated the regenerative potential of ADSCs and DCs in osteoarthritic environment in the repair of cartilage in rats. We found that ADSCs maintained fibroblast morphology in vitro and also expressed CD90 and CD29. Furthermore, ADSCs differentiated into chondrocytes, accompanied by increased level of proteoglycans and expression of chondrocytes specific genes, such as, Acan, and Col2a1. Histological examination of transplanted knee joints showed regeneration of cartilage tissue compared to control OA knee joints. Increase in gene expression for Acan, Col2a1 with concomitant decrease in the expression of Col1a1 suggested formation of hyaline like cartilage. A significant increase in differentiation index was observed in DCs and ADSCs transplanted knee joints (P = 0.0110 vs. P = 0.0429) when compared to that in OA control knee joints. Furthermore, transplanted DCs showed increased proliferation along with reduction in apoptosis as compared to untreated control. In conclusion, DCs showed better survival and regeneration potential as compared with ADSCs in rat model of OA and thus may serve a better option for regeneration of osteoarthritic cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noreen Latief
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fahad Ali Raza
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fazal-Ur-Rehman Bhatti
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Moazzam Nazir Tarar
- Allama Iqbal Medical College, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shaheen N Khan
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sheikh Riazuddin
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.,Allama Iqbal Medical College, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.,Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto University of Medical Sciences, PIMS, Islamabad, Pakistan
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22
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Luo G, Gu F, Zhang Y, Liu T, Guo P, Huang Y. Icariside II promotes osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells in beagle canine. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:4367-77. [PMID: 26191128 PMCID: PMC4503000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Icariside II (ICS II) is a prenylated active flavonol from the roots of epimedium koreanum Nakai, and has many biological activities, including anti-osteoporosis, anti-hypoxia and anti-cancer activities. In this study, we aimed to study the effect of ICS II on osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow derived stromal cells (BMSCs). Cell surface markers of cultured BMSCs were analyzed by flow cytometry and identified by multi-lineage differentiation assays. BMSCs proliferation was determined by the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay for 2, 4, 6 and 8 days in a range of ICS II concentrations. The osteogenic response of BMSCs to ICS II in vitro was examined by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay and Alizarin red staining on calcium nodule formation. Results showed ICS II significantly improved ALP activity, and calcium deposition. The optimal concentration of ICS II for enhancing osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs was 10(-5). Therefore, we concluded ICS II can enhance the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs which may be useful in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangming Luo
- Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Science and Translational Medicine, School of Stomatology, Tongji UniversityShanghai, P. R. China
| | - Feifei Gu
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai East Hospital Affiliated with Tongji UniversityShanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yingdi Zhang
- Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Science and Translational Medicine, School of Stomatology, Tongji UniversityShanghai, P. R. China
| | - Tianlin Liu
- Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Science and Translational Medicine, School of Stomatology, Tongji UniversityShanghai, P. R. China
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai East Hospital Affiliated with Tongji UniversityShanghai, P. R. China
| | - Pengnv Guo
- Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Science and Translational Medicine, School of Stomatology, Tongji UniversityShanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yuanliang Huang
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai East Hospital Affiliated with Tongji UniversityShanghai, P. R. China
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23
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Zhang N, Dietrich MA, Lopez MJ. Therapeutic doses of multipotent stromal cells from minimal adipose tissue. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2015; 10:600-11. [PMID: 24850472 PMCID: PMC4127443 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-014-9508-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Low yield of adult adipose-derived multipotent stromal cells (ASC) can limit autologous cell therapy in individuals with minimal adipose tissue. In this study, ASC isolation was optimized from approximately 0.2 g of feline epididymal adipose tissue for a treatment dose of 106–107 ASCs/kg. The ASC yield was determined for three digestions, 0.1 % collagenase in medium for 30 min (Classic), 0.3 % collagenase in buffer for 30 min (New) and 0.3 % collagenase in buffer for 1 h (Hour). After isolation by the new tissue digestion, continuously cultured ASCs (fresh) and cells recovered and expanded after cryostorage at P0 (revitalized) were characterized up to cell passage (P) 5. Outcomes included CD9, CD29, CD44, CD90 and CD105 expression, cell doublings and doubling times, fibroblastic, adipogenic and osteogenic colony forming unit (CFU) frequency percentages and lineage-specific target gene expression after induction. The New digestion had the highest CFU yield, and about 7x106 ASCs/kg were available within three cell passages (P2). Compared to earlier passages, target surface antigen expression was lowest in fresh P5 cells, and fresh and revitalized P3–5 cells had slower expansion. Fresh and revitalized P1 ASCs had higher CFU frequency percentages and lineage-specific gene expression than P3. The New method described in this study was most efficient for feline epididymal ASC isolation and did not alter in vitro cell behavior. Fresh and revitalized P0-P2 feline ASCs may be most effective for preclinical and clinical trials. This study offers a potential option for ASC isolation from limited adipose tissue resources across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Laboratory for Equine and Comparative Orthopedic Research, Equine Health Studies Program, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
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24
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miR-196a expression in human and canine osteosarcomas: A comparative study. Res Vet Sci 2015; 99:112-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2014.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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25
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Mohamad-Fauzi N, Ross PJ, Maga EA, Murray JD. Impact of source tissue and ex vivo expansion on the characterization of goat mesenchymal stem cells. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2015; 6:1. [PMID: 25838897 PMCID: PMC4382838 DOI: 10.1186/2049-1891-6-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is considerable interest in using goats as models for genetically engineering dairy animals and also for using stem cells as therapeutics for bone and cartilage repair. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been isolated and characterized from various species, but are poorly characterized in goats. RESULTS Goat MSCs isolated from bone marrow (BM-MSCs) and adipose tissue (ASCs) have the ability to undergo osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. Cytochemical staining and gene expression analysis show that ASCs have a greater capacity for adipogenic differentiation compared to BM-MSCs and fibroblasts. Different methods of inducing adipogenesis also affect the extent and profile of adipogenic differentiation in MSCs. Goat fibroblasts were not capable of osteogenesis, hence distinguishing them from the MSCs. Goat MSCs and fibroblasts express CD90, CD105, CD73 but not CD45, and exhibit cytoplasmic localization of OCT4 protein. Goat MSCs can be stably transfected by Nucleofection, but, as evidenced by colony-forming efficiency (CFE), yield significantly different levels of progenitor cells that are robust enough to proliferate into colonies of integrants following G418 selection. BM-MSCs expanded over increasing passages in vitro maintained karyotypic stability up to 20 passages in culture, exhibited an increase in adipogenic differentiation and CFE, but showed altered morphology and amenability to genetic modification by selection. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide characterization information on goat MSCs, and show that there can be significant differences between MSCs isolated from different tissues and from within the same tissue. Fibroblasts do not exhibit trilineage differentiation potential at the same capacity as MSCs, making it a more reliable method for distinguishing MSCs from fibroblasts, compared to cell surface marker expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuradilla Mohamad-Fauzi
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, California 95616 USA ; Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pablo J Ross
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, California 95616 USA
| | - Elizabeth A Maga
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, California 95616 USA
| | - James D Murray
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, California 95616 USA ; Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California, Davis, California 95616 USA
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26
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Directing parthenogenetic stem cells differentiate into adipocytes for engineering injectable adipose tissue. Stem Cells Int 2014; 2014:423635. [PMID: 25587287 PMCID: PMC4284990 DOI: 10.1155/2014/423635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2014] [Revised: 11/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The selection of appropriate seed cells is crucial for adipose tissue engineering. Here, we reported the stepwise induction of parthenogenetic embryonic stem cells (pESCs) to differentiate into adipogenic cells and its application in engineering injectable adipose tissue with Pluronic F-127. pESCs had pluripotent differentiation capacity and could form teratomas that include the three primary germ layers. Cells that migrated from the embryoid bodies (EBs) were selectively separated and expanded to obtain embryonic mesenchymal stem cells (eMSCs). The eMSCs exhibited similar cell surface marker expression profiles with bone morrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and had multipotent differentiation capacity. Under the induction of dexamethasone, indomethacin, and insulin, eMSCs could differentiate into adipogenic cells with increased expression of adipose-specific genes and oil droplet depositions within the cytoplasm. To evaluate their suitability as seed cells for adipose tissue engineering, the CM-Dil labelled adipogenic cells derived from eMSCs were seeded into Pluronic F-127 hydrogel and injected subcutaneously into nude mice. Four weeks after injection, glistering and semitransparent constructs formed in the subcutaneous site. Histological observations demonstrated that new adipose tissue was successfully fabricated in the specimen by the labelled cells. The results of the current study indicated that pESCs have great potential in the fabrication of injectable adipose tissue.
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27
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Alves EGL, Serakides R, Boeloni JN, Rosado IR, Ocarino NM, Oliveira HP, Góes AM, Rezende CMF. Comparison of the osteogenic potential of mesenchymal stem cells from the bone marrow and adipose tissue of young dogs. BMC Vet Res 2014; 10:190. [PMID: 25178540 PMCID: PMC4236816 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-014-0190-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to compare the osteogenic potential of mesenchymal stem cells extracted from the bone marrow (BM-MSCs) and adipose tissue (AD-MSCs) of young dogs. The following parameters were assessed: dimethyl thiazolyl diphenyl tetrazolium (MTT) conversion, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, collagen and mineralised matrix synthesis, and the expressions of osterix, bone sialoprotein (BSP), and osteocalcin (OC). RESULTS MTT conversion was greater in BM-MSCs compared to AD-MSCs after 14 and 21 days of differentiation; ALP activity was greater in differentiated AD-MSCs on day 7; collagen synthesis was greater in BM-MSCs on days 14 and 21; the percentage of mineralized area per field was greater in BM-MSCs compared to AD-MSCs; osterix expression was greater in BM-MSCs in days 14 and 21, and BSP and OC expression levels were greater in BM-MSCs at all the investigation time-points. CONCLUSIONS It was concluded that the osteogenic potential was greater in BM-MSCs than AD-MSCs when extracted from young dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endrigo GL Alves
- Curso de Medicina Veterinária da Universidade de Uberaba (UNIUBE), Uberaba, Brazil
- Núcleo de Células Tronco e Terapia Celular Animal, NCT-TCA Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia, Escola de veterinária da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rogéria Serakides
- Núcleo de Células Tronco e Terapia Celular Animal, NCT-TCA Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia, Escola de veterinária da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Jankerle N Boeloni
- Núcleo de Células Tronco e Terapia Celular Animal, NCT-TCA Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia, Escola de veterinária da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Isabel R Rosado
- Núcleo de Células Tronco e Terapia Celular Animal, NCT-TCA Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia, Escola de veterinária da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Natália M Ocarino
- Núcleo de Células Tronco e Terapia Celular Animal, NCT-TCA Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia, Escola de veterinária da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Humberto P Oliveira
- Núcleo de Células Tronco e Terapia Celular Animal, NCT-TCA Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia, Escola de veterinária da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Alfredo M Góes
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Cleuza MF Rezende
- Núcleo de Células Tronco e Terapia Celular Animal, NCT-TCA Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia, Escola de veterinária da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Kono S, Kazama T, Kano K, Harada K, Uechi M, Matsumoto T. Phenotypic and functional properties of feline dedifferentiated fat cells and adipose-derived stem cells. Vet J 2013; 199:88-96. [PMID: 24300011 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2013.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that mature adipocyte-derived dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cells show multilineage differentiation potential similar to that observed in mesenchymal stem cells. Since DFAT cells can be prepared from a small quantity of adipose tissue, they could facilitate cell-based therapies in small companion animals such as cats. The present study examined whether multipotent DFAT cells can be generated from feline adipose tissue, and the properties of DFAT cells were compared with those of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). DFAT cells and ASCs were prepared from the floating mature adipocyte fraction and the stromal vascular fraction, respectively, of collagenase-digested feline omental adipose tissue. Both cell types were evaluated for growth kinetics, colony-forming unit fibroblast (CFU-F) frequency, immunophenotypic properties, and multilineage differentiation potential. DFAT cells and ASCs could be generated from approximately 1g of adipose tissue and were grown and subcultured on laminin-coated dishes. The frequency of CFU-Fs in DFAT cells (35.8%) was significantly higher than that in ASCs (20.8%) at passage 1 (P1). DFAT cells and ASCs displayed similar immunophenotypes (CD44(+), CD90(+), CD105(+), CD14(-), CD34(-) and CD45(-)). Alpha-smooth muscle actin-positive cells were readily detected in ASCs (15.2±7.2%) but were rare in DFAT cells (2.2±3.2%) at P1. Both cell types exhibited adipogenic, osteogenic, chondrogenic, and smooth muscle cell differentiation potential in vitro. In conclusion, feline DFAT cells exhibited similar properties to ASCs but displayed higher CFU-F frequency and greater homogeneity. DFAT cells, like ASCs, may be an attractive source for cell-based therapies in cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Kono
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Science, Nihon University, Fujisawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Kazama
- Department of Functional Morphology, Division of Cell Regeneration and Transplantation, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Koichiro Kano
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, College of Bioresource Science, Nihon University, Fujisawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Kayoko Harada
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Science, Nihon University, Fujisawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Masami Uechi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Science, Nihon University, Fujisawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Taro Matsumoto
- Department of Functional Morphology, Division of Cell Regeneration and Transplantation, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan.
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Zhang N, Dietrich MA, Lopez MJ. Canine intra-articular multipotent stromal cells (MSC) from adipose tissue have the highest in vitro expansion rates, multipotentiality, and MSC immunophenotypes. Vet Surg 2013; 42:137-46. [PMID: 23373667 DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.2013.01091.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the optimum intra-articular multipotent stromal cell (MSC) tissue source in the canine stifle. STUDY DESIGN Experimental. SAMPLE POPULATION Infrapatellar adipose tissue, synovium lining the joint capsule, and synovium surrounding the cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) from normal stifles of 6 dogs. METHODS Nucleated cell density for each tissue was determined, and cell doublings (CD) and doubling times (DT) were quantified for expansion rates. Adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation was confirmed with light microscopy. Fibroblastic, adipogenic, and osteogenic colony forming unit frequencies were determined for multipotentiality. Tissue-specific target gene expression was assessed, and percentages of CD29(+) , CD34(+) , CD44(+) , CD45(+) , and CD90(+) cells quantified. RESULTS Adipose tissue had the highest MSC density (ASC). The CD decreased with increasing passages for all cell types, and ASC values tended to be higher. Multipotentiality decreased with passage, but remained highest in ASC. Tissue-specific target gene expression was higher in induced versus noninduced cells, and ASCs had the highest upregulation across passages. Most cells were CD29(+) , CD44(+) , CD90(+) , and percentages decreased with passage. Within cell types, there were more CD29(+) ASC in early passages and more CD44(+) and CD90(+) ASC in later passages. CONCLUSIONS ASC had the highest in vitro expansion rates, CFU frequencies, tissue-specific target gene expression, and percentages of MSC immunophenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Laboratory for Equine and Comparative Orthopedic Research, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Lousiana 70803, USA
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Requicha JF, Viegas CA, Albuquerque CM, Azevedo JM, Reis RL, Gomes ME. Effect of Anatomical Origin and Cell Passage Number on the Stemness and Osteogenic Differentiation Potential of Canine Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2012; 8:1211-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s12015-012-9397-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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