1
|
Murakami M, Akashi Y, Park YT, Oatelaar GS, Anzawa K. Successful Treatment of Sino-Orbital Aspergillus udagawae Infection Using Oral Posaconazole in a Cat. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2024; 60:193-197. [PMID: 39235780 DOI: 10.5326/jaaha-ms-7425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
A 10 yr old spayed female ragdoll cat presented with sudden onset of sneezing, nasal discharge, and stertor. There was no improvement in clinical signs despite treatment with antibiotics, feline interferon, and nebulization. A computed tomography (CT) scan revealed findings consistent with chronic rhinitis, and a tissue biopsy obtained by rhinoscopy led to a histopathologic diagnosis of sinonasal aspergillosis. Polymerase chain reaction amplification identified the causative agent as Aspergillus udagawae. Oral itraconazole therapy was initiated. However, the cat's clinical signs progressed to include left exophthalmos, nictitating membrane protrusion, and lacrimation. A second CT scan revealed a soft-tissue attenuating structure extending into the left retrobulbar space, confirming progression to sino-orbital aspergillosis (SOA). The oral medication was changed to posaconazole and continued for 5 mo, resulting in resolution of the clinical signs. The cat has remained asymptomatic over 24 mo since initial diagnosis. This case represents the first successful treatment of feline SOA caused by A udagawae infection with posaconazole. A udagawae is the second most common cause of SOA and is known to be intractable because of its low susceptibility to antifungal agents and poor response to topical clotrimazole. Posaconazole may be a valuable treatment option for SOA caused by A udagawae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Murakami
- From the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (M.M., G.S.O.)
| | - Yoriko Akashi
- Jiyugaoka Animal Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan (Y.A.,Y.T.P.)
| | - Young Tae Park
- Jiyugaoka Animal Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan (Y.A.,Y.T.P.)
| | - Garrett S Oatelaar
- From the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (M.M., G.S.O.)
- VCA Canada CARE Centre, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (G.S.O); and
| | - Kazushi Anzawa
- Department of Dermatology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan (K.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Biénès T, Vangrinsven E, Fastrès A, Garigliany MM, Billen F, Clercx C. Utility of fungal polymerase chain reaction on nasal swab samples in the diagnosis and monitoring of sinonasal aspergillosis in dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2022; 36:1295-1302. [PMID: 35712784 PMCID: PMC9308428 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In dogs with sinonasal aspergillosis (SNA) the utility of PCR in the diagnosis and monitoring of the disease after treatment has not been assessed. Objectives To evaluate the presence of fungal DNA using quantitative PCR targeting Aspergillus fumigatus (Aspfum) and Aspergillus spp. (PanAsp), and PCR targeting multiple fungal species (PanFun), in samples obtained from nasal cavities of dogs with SNA, other nasal diseases and healthy dogs. Animals Sixty‐two dogs including 20 with SNA, 12 with cured SNA (of which 10 are from the SNA group), 20 dogs with Non‐SNA nasal disease, and 20 healthy dogs. Methods Prospective cross‐sectional study. Aspfum, PanAsp, and PanFun were performed on blindly collected nasal swabs obtained in anesthetized dogs. Results In SNA dogs, Aspfum and PanAsp were positive in 13/20 and 14/20 dogs. In all dogs in the 3 other groups, A. fumigatus DNA was not detected using Aspfum. PanAsp was positive in 3 non‐SNA dogs: 1 with cured SNA and 2 with Non‐SNA nasal disease. A Ct cut‐off value of 33.3 for Aspfum demonstrated 65% sensitivity and 100% specificity. A Ct cut‐off value of 34.5 for PanAsp demonstrated 70% sensitivity and 96.2% specificity. PanFun was positive in 16/20, 12/12, 19/20, and 7/20 dogs in the SNA, cured SNA, Non‐SNA, and healthy groups, respectively. Conclusion and Clinical Importance Aspfum and PanAsp on blindly collected nasal swabs can be useful for the detection of SNA at diagnosis and at cure, especially when more invasive methods are not available.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tom Biénès
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, FARAH, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Emilie Vangrinsven
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, FARAH, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Aline Fastrès
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, FARAH, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Mutien-Marie Garigliany
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, FARAH, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Billen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, FARAH, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Cécile Clercx
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, FARAH, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
Infections due to Aspergillus species are an acute threat to human health; members of the Aspergillus section Fumigati are the most frequently occurring agents, but depending on the local epidemiology, representatives of section Terrei or section Flavi are the second or third most important. Aspergillus terreus species complex is of great interest, as it is usually amphotericin B resistant and displays notable differences in immune interactions in comparison to Aspergillus fumigatus. The latest epidemiological surveys show an increased incidence of A. terreus as well as an expanding clinical spectrum (chronic infections) and new groups of at-risk patients being affected. Hallmarks of these non-Aspergillus fumigatus invasive mold infections are high potential for tissue invasion, dissemination, and possible morbidity due to mycotoxin production. We seek to review the microbiology, epidemiology, and pathogenesis of A. terreus species complex, address clinical characteristics, and highlight the underlying mechanisms of amphotericin B resistance. Selected topics will contrast key elements of A. terreus with A. fumigatus. We provide a comprehensive resource for clinicians dealing with fungal infections and researchers working on A. terreus pathogenesis, aiming to bridge the emerging translational knowledge and future therapeutic challenges on this opportunistic pathogen.
Collapse
|
4
|
The sino-nasal warzone: transcriptomic and genomic studies on sino-nasal aspergillosis in dogs. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2020; 6:51. [PMID: 33184275 PMCID: PMC7665010 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-020-00163-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously showed that each dog with chronic non-invasive sino-nasal aspergillosis (SNA) was infected with a single genotype of Aspergillus fumigatus. Here, we studied the transcriptome of this fungal pathogen and the canine host within the biofilm resulting from the infection. We describe here transcriptomes resulting from natural infections in animal species with A. fumigatus. The host transcriptome showed high expression of IL-8 and alarmins, uncontrolled inflammatory reaction and dysregulation of the Th17 response. The fungal transcriptome showed in particular expression of genes involved in secondary metabolites and nutrient acquisition. Single-nucleotide polymorphism analysis of fungal isolates from the biofilms showed large genetic variability and changes related with adaptation to host environmental factors. This was accompanied with large phenotypic variability in in vitro stress assays, even between isolates from the same canine patient. Our analysis provides insights in genetic and phenotypic variability of Aspergillus fumigatus in biofilms of naturally infected dogs reflecting in-host adaptation. Absence of a Th17 response and dampening of the Th1 response contributes to the formation of a chronic sino-nasal warzone.
Collapse
|
5
|
Barrs VR, Talbot JJ. Fungal Rhinosinusitis and Disseminated Invasive Aspergillosis in Cats. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2019; 50:331-357. [PMID: 31866094 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2019.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Fungal rhinosinusitis, including sinonasal aspergillosis (SNA) and sino-orbital aspergillosis (SOA), is the most common type of aspergillosis encountered in cats. Other focal forms of aspergillosis including disseminated invasive aspergillosis occur less frequently. SOA is an invasive mycosis that is increasingly recognized and is most commonly caused by Aspergillus felis, a close relative of Aspergillus fumigatus. SNA can be invasive or noninvasive and is most commonly caused by A fumigatus and Aspergillus niger. Molecular methods are required to correctly identify the fungi that cause SNA and SOA. SNA has a favorable prognosis with treatment, whereas the prognosis for SOA remains poor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa R Barrs
- City University of Hong Kong, Department of Infectious Diseases & Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Jessica J Talbot
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Sydney, University of Sydney, Faculty of Science, Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Camperdown, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Talbot JJ, Thompson P, Vogelnest L, Barrs VR. Identification of pathogenic Aspergillus isolates from captive birds in Australia. Med Mycol 2019; 56:1038-1041. [PMID: 29228225 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myx137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspergillosis is a major cause of severe respiratory disease in birds. The prevalence of cryptic section Fumigati and other non-Aspergillus fumigatus species as causative agents is unknown. Species identity was determined in 30 isolates from affected birds from zoos, pet birds and poultry by PCR of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 and partial β-tubulin genes. The most prevalent isolate was A. fumigatus sens. str. in 87% (26) cases. Other Aspergillus species were identified in 13% (4) cases, including A. restrictus (1), A. flavus sens. str. (2), and A. nidulans-clade (1). This is the first report of A. restrictus causing avian disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica J Talbot
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, and Marie Bashir Institute of Infectious Diseases & Biosecurity, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Paul Thompson
- Taronga Conservation Society Australia, Mosman, NSW 2088 Australia
| | - Larry Vogelnest
- Taronga Conservation Society Australia, Mosman, NSW 2088 Australia
| | - Vanessa R Barrs
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, and Marie Bashir Institute of Infectious Diseases & Biosecurity, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Therapy of Non-Dermatophytic Mycoses in Animals. J Fungi (Basel) 2018; 4:jof4040120. [PMID: 30380772 PMCID: PMC6308939 DOI: 10.3390/jof4040120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on aspects of antimycotic therapy specific to veterinary medicine. In the first part, drug availability, limited mostly by economic consideration but also by clinical applicability and specific adverse effects, is described for polyenes, 5 fluorocytosine, azoles, echinocandins and terbinafine. In the second part, current knowledge and experience in the treatment of selected fungal infections are overviewed. These mycoses include disseminated mold infections in small animals (dogs and cats) and avian species, upper respiratory tract infections of small animals (sino-nasal and sino-orbital aspergillosis) and horses (guttural pouch mycosis), eumycetoma, infections caused by dimorphic fungi, (blastomycosis, histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, paracoccidioidomycosis and sporothrichosis) and by yeasts and yeast-like microorganism (Cryptococcus spp. and Malassezia pachydermatis).
Collapse
|
8
|
Elad D, Segal E. Diagnostic Aspects of Veterinary and Human Aspergillosis. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1303. [PMID: 29977229 PMCID: PMC6022203 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Aspergillus is composed of more than 300 species, a fraction of which are involved in animal or human infections mostly following environmental exposure. Various risk factors (i.e., immunosuppression, tuberculosis) have been recognized for human whereas for veterinary infections, unhygienic management, trauma, anatomical conformation of the skull, or suspected immunological deficiencies have been suggested. In animals, aspergillosis is mostly sporadic but in some circumstance such as infections on poultry farms may involve the whole flock. Since the high prevalence of immunosuppression in human patients has not been mirrored in veterinary medicine, and although to the best of our knowledge, no comprehensive data on the prevalence of aspergillosis in animals has been published, their epidemiology has not changed during the last decades. The impact of these infections may be economic or if they are incurable, sentimental. The objective of the first part is to describe the diagnosis of the main clinical entities caused by Aspergillus spp. in animals. It includes disseminated canine aspergillosis, canine and feline sino-nasal and sino-orbital aspergillosis, guttural pouch mycosis in horses, mycotic abortion in cattle, mycotic keratitis in horses, and avian aspergillosis. When pathogenesis and clinical aspects are relevant for diagnosis—they will be addressed as well. The second part deals with human aspergillosis, which is a multifaceted disease, manifested in a spectrum of clinical entities affecting one or more organs. Diagnosis is based on the clinical manifestation, supported and confirmed by laboratory means, involving the classical approach of demonstrating the etiological agent in the clinical specimens and in culture. Noncultural methods, such as antigen detection and/or molecular assays to detect fungal nucleic acids or protein profiles, are used as well. The isolation and identification of the fungus allows the determination of its susceptibility to antifungal drugs. Thus, antifungal susceptibility testing maybe considered as part of the diagnostic process, which is of relevance for management of the infection. In this review article, the part dealing with diagnostic aspects of aspergillosis in humans concentrates on susceptibility testing of Aspergillus spp. to antifungal drugs and drug combinations. The technologies and methods of susceptibility testing are described and evaluated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Elad
- Department of Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, Kimron Veterinary Institute, Bet Dagan, Israel
| | - Esther Segal
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Talbot JJ, Barrs VR. One-health pathogens in the Aspergillus viridinutans complex. Med Mycol 2017; 56:1-12. [DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myx016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
|
10
|
Hazuchova K, Neiger R, Stengel C. Topical treatment of mycotic rhinitis-rhinosinusitis in dogs with meticulous debridement and 1% clotrimazole cream: 64 cases (2007–2014). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2017; 250:309-315. [DOI: 10.2460/javma.250.3.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
11
|
Taylor A, Peters I, Dhand NK, Whitney J, Johnson LR, Beatty JA, Barrs VR. Evaluation of Serum Aspergillus-Specific Immunoglobulin A by Indirect ELISA for Diagnosis of Feline Upper Respiratory Tract Aspergillosis. J Vet Intern Med 2016; 30:1708-1714. [PMID: 27581099 PMCID: PMC5032860 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.14567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Serological tests for diagnosis of aspergillosis in immunocompetent humans and animals are based on Aspergillus‐specific IgG (As‐IgG). In humans with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis, As‐IgA may be detectable even if IgG titers are negative. Cats with upper respiratory tract aspergillosis (URTA) have detectable As‐IgG, but their ability to mount an IgA response and its diagnostic utility are unknown. Objectives To determine whether serum As‐IgA can be detected in cats with URTA and evaluate its diagnostic utility alone or combined with As‐IgG. Animals Twenty‐three cats with URTA (Group 1), 32 cats with other respiratory diseases (Group 2), and 84 nonrespiratory controls (Group 3). Methods Serum As‐IgA and As‐IgG was measured by indirect ELISA. Optimal cutoff values were determined by receiver‐operating curve analysis. Sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) for URTA diagnosis were determined. Results Serum IgA was detected in 91.3% of Group 1 cats. The Se of IgA detection was 78.3% and Sp was 96.9% for Group 2, 85.7% for Group 3 and 88.8% for Group 2 and 3 combined. Assay Se for IgG was 100% and Sp was 92.2%. Using combined IgA and IgG results at cutoffs optimized for Sp for IgA and Se for IgG and combined controls (Groups 2 and 3), Se for diagnosis was 100% and Sp was 91.4%. Conclusion and Clinical Importance Most cats with URTA have serum As‐IgA antibodies that can be detected by ELISA. Paired measurement of serum As‐IgA and IgG shows no benefit for diagnosis of feline URTA over IgG alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Taylor
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - I Peters
- TDDS ltd., The Innovation Centre, University of Exeter, Devon, UK
| | - N K Dhand
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - J Whitney
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - L R Johnson
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA
| | - J A Beatty
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - V R Barrs
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Goodale EC, Outerbridge CA, White SD. Aspergillusotitis in small animals - a retrospective study of 17 cases. Vet Dermatol 2015; 27:3-e2. [DOI: 10.1111/vde.12283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C. Goodale
- William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital; School of Veterinary Medicine; University of California - Davis; 1 Garrod Drive Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Catherine A. Outerbridge
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology; School of Veterinary Medicine; University of California - Davis; 1 Garrod Drive Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Stephen D. White
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology; School of Veterinary Medicine; University of California - Davis; 1 Garrod Drive Davis CA 95616 USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Talbot JJ, Kidd SE, Martin P, Beatty JA, Barrs VR. Azole resistance in canine and feline isolates of Aspergillus fumigatus. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2015; 42:37-41. [PMID: 26387063 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Azole resistance is an emerging cause of treatment failure in humans with aspergillosis. The aim of this study was to determine if azole resistance is emerging in Aspergillus fumigatus isolates from canine and feline sino-nasal aspergillosis cases. Susceptibilities of isolates collected between 1988 and 2014 from 46 dogs and 4 cats to itraconazole, posaconazole, voriconazole, fluconazole and ketoconazole were assessed using Sensititre YeastOne microdilution trays; and to enilconazole and clotrimazole, following the CLSI M38-A2 standard. For the majority of isolates MICs were high for ketoconazole, low for enilconazole and clotrimazole, and less than established epidemiological cut-off values for itraconazole, posaconazole and voriconazole. One canine isolate from 1992 had multiazole resistance and on Cyp51A gene sequencing a mutation associated with azole resistance (F46Y) was detected. There is no evidence of emerging azole resistance among A. fumigatus isolates from dogs and cats and topical azole therapy should be effective against most isolates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica J Talbot
- Valentine Charlton Cat Centre, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, NSW, Australia
| | - Sarah E Kidd
- National Mycology Reference Centre, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, SA Pathology, Frome Road, Adelaide 5000, SA, Australia
| | - Patricia Martin
- Veterinary Pathology Diagnostic Services, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, NSW, Australia
| | - Julia A Beatty
- Valentine Charlton Cat Centre, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, NSW, Australia
| | - Vanessa R Barrs
- Valentine Charlton Cat Centre, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Seyedmousavi S, Guillot J, Arné P, de Hoog GS, Mouton JW, Melchers WJG, Verweij PE. Aspergillus and aspergilloses in wild and domestic animals: a global health concern with parallels to human disease. Med Mycol 2015; 53:765-97. [PMID: 26316211 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myv067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of aspergillosis in humans and various animal species has increased over the last decades. Aspergillus species are found worldwide in humans and in almost all domestic animals and birds as well as in many wild species, causing a wide range of diseases from localized infections to fatal disseminated diseases, as well as allergic responses to inhaled conidia. Some prevalent forms of animal aspergillosis are invasive fatal infections in sea fan corals, stonebrood mummification in honey bees, pulmonary and air sac infection in birds, mycotic abortion and mammary gland infections in cattle, guttural pouch mycoses in horses, sinonasal infections in dogs and cats, and invasive pulmonary and cerebral infections in marine mammals and nonhuman primates. This article represents a comprehensive overview of the most common infections reported by Aspergillus species and the corresponding diseases in various types of animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyedmojtaba Seyedmousavi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, ErasmusMC, the Netherlands Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands Invasive Fungi Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Jacques Guillot
- Department of Parasitology-Mycology, Dynamyc Research Group, EnvA, UPEC, UPE, École Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Pascal Arné
- Department of Animal Production, Dynamyc Research Group, EnvA, UPEC, UPE, École Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - G Sybren de Hoog
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, the Netherlands, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, Peking University Health Science Center, Research Center for Medical Mycology, Beijing, China, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China, and King Abdullaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Johan W Mouton
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, ErasmusMC, the Netherlands Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Willem J G Melchers
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Paul E Verweij
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Barrs VR, Beatty JA, Dhand NK, Talbot JJ, Bell E, Abraham LA, Chapman P, Bennett S, van Doorn T, Makara M. Computed tomographic features of feline sino-nasal and sino-orbital aspergillosis. Vet J 2014; 201:215-22. [PMID: 24685469 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Feline upper respiratory tract aspergillosis (URTA) occurs as two distinct anatomical forms, namely, sino-nasal aspergillosis (SNA) and sino-orbital aspergillosis (SOA). An emerging pathogen, Aspergillus felis, is frequently involved. The pathogenesis of URTA, in particular the relationship between the infecting isolate and outcome, is poorly understood. In this study, computed tomography was used to investigate the route of fungal infection and extension in 16 cases (SNA n = 7, SOA n = 9) where the infecting isolate had been identified by molecular testing. All cases had nasal cavity involvement except for one cat with SNA that had unilateral frontal sinus changes. There was a strong association between the infecting species and anatomic form (P = 0.005). A. fumigatus infections remained within the sino-nasal cavity, while cryptic species infections were associated with orbital and paranasal soft-tissue involvement and with orbital lysis. Cryptic species were further associated with a mass in the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses or nasopharynx. Orbital masses showed heterogeneous contrast enhancement, with central coalescing hypoattenuating foci and peripheral rim enhancement. Severe, cavitated turbinate lysis, typical of canine SNA, was present only in cats with SNA. These findings support the hypothesis that the nasal cavity is the portal of entry for fungal spores in feline URTA and that the route of extension to involve the orbit is via direct naso-orbital communication from bone lysis. Additionally, a pathogenic role for A. wyomingensis and a sinolith in a cat with A. udagawae infection are reported for the first time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V R Barrs
- Valentine Charlton Cat Centre, Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - J A Beatty
- Valentine Charlton Cat Centre, Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - N K Dhand
- Farm Animal and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2570, Australia
| | - J J Talbot
- Valentine Charlton Cat Centre, Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - E Bell
- University of Melbourne Veterinary Clinic and Hospital, Werribee, Vic. 3030, Australia
| | - L A Abraham
- University of Melbourne Veterinary Clinic and Hospital, Werribee, Vic. 3030, Australia
| | - P Chapman
- Veterinary Speciality and Emergency Centre, Levittown, 301 Veterans Highway, Philadelphia, PA, 19056, USA
| | - S Bennett
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - T van Doorn
- Department of Applied and Industrial Mycology, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M Makara
- Valentine Charlton Cat Centre, Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| |
Collapse
|