1
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Shirima CA, Bleotu C, Spandidos DA, El-Naggar AK, Pircalabioru GG, Michalopoulos I. Epithelial‑derived head and neck squamous tumourigenesis (Review). Oncol Rep 2024; 52:141. [PMID: 39219259 PMCID: PMC11358675 DOI: 10.3892/or.2024.8800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs), a heterogeneous group of cancers that arise from the mucosal epithelia cells in the head and neck areas, present great challenges in diagnosis, treatment and prognosis due to their complex aetiology and various clinical manifestations. Several factors, including smoking, alcohol consumption, oncogenic genes, growth factors, Epstein‑Barr virus and human papillomavirus infections can contribute to HNSCC development. The unpredictable tumour microenvironment adds to the complexity of managing HNSCC. Despite significant advances in therapies, the prediction of outcome after treatment for patients with HNSCC remains poor, and the 5‑year overall survival rate is low due to late diagnosis. Early detection greatly increases the chances of successful treatment. The present review aimed to bring together the latest findings related to the molecular mechanisms of HNSCC carcinogenesis and progression. Comprehensive genomic, transcriptomic, metabolomic, microbiome and proteomic analyses allow researchers to identify important biological markers such as genetic alterations, gene expression signatures and protein markers that drive HNSCC tumours. These biomarkers associated with the stages of initiation, progression and metastasis of cancer are useful in the management of patients with cancer in order to improve their life expectancy and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Adolfu Shirima
- Centre of Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 050663 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Coralia Bleotu
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Department, Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Romanian Academy, 030304 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Demetrios A. Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Adel K. El-Naggar
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | | | - Ioannis Michalopoulos
- Centre of Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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2
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Wu M, Huang H, Tang Y, Ren X, Jiang X, Tian M, Li W. Unveiling the multifaceted realm of human papillomavirus: a comprehensive exploration of biology, interactions, and advances in cancer management. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1430544. [PMID: 39176086 PMCID: PMC11338918 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1430544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Human Papillomavirus (HPV), an extensive family of DNA viruses, manifests as a persistent global health challenge. Persistent HPV infection is now firmly established as a significant aetiological factor for a spectrum of malignancies. In this review, we examine the latest insights into HPV biology and its intricate relationship with the host. We delve into the complex dynamics of co-infections involving HPV alongside other viruses, such as HIV, EBV, and HSV, as well as the burgeoning role of the microbiome in cancer development. We also explore recent advancements in understanding the specific contributions of HPV in the development of various cancers, encompassing cancers of the anogenital region, head and neck, as well as breast, lung, and prostate. Moreover, we focus on the current preventive strategies, including vaccination and screening methods, and therapeutic interventions that range from traditional approaches like surgery and chemotherapy to emerging modalities such as targeted therapies and immunotherapies. Additionally, we provide a forward-looking view on the future directions of HPV research, highlighting potential areas of exploration to further our understanding and management of HPV and its associated cancers. Collectively, this review is positioned to deepen readers' understanding of HPV biology and its complex interplay with cancer biology. It presents innovative strategies for the prevention, management, and therapeutic intervention of HPV-associated malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostic, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuze Ren
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xinrui Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Man Tian
- Department of Respiratory, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Clinical Research, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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3
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Krsek A, Baticic L, Sotosek V, Braut T. The Role of Biomarkers in HPV-Positive Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Towards Precision Medicine. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1448. [PMID: 39001338 PMCID: PMC11241541 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14131448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) represents a significant global health challenge, with squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) accounting for approximately 90% of all HNC cases. These malignancies, collectively referred to as head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), originate from the mucosal epithelium lining the larynx, pharynx, and oral cavity. The primary risk factors associated with HNSCC in economically disadvantaged nations have been chronic alcohol consumption and tobacco use. However, in more affluent countries, the landscape of HNSCC has shifted with the identification of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, particularly HPV-16, as a major risk factor, especially among nonsmokers. Understanding the evolving risk factors and the distinct biological behaviors of HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCC is critical for developing targeted treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes in this complex and diverse group of cancers. Accurate diagnosis of HPV-positive HNSCC is essential for developing a comprehensive model that integrates the molecular characteristics, immune microenvironment, and clinical outcomes. The aim of this comprehensive review was to summarize the current knowledge and advances in the identification of DNA, RNA, and protein biomarkers in bodily fluids and tissues that have introduced new possibilities for minimally or non-invasive cancer diagnosis, monitoring, and assessment of therapeutic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antea Krsek
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
| | - Lara Baticic
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Vlatka Sotosek
- Department of Clinical Medical Sciences I, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
- Department of Anesthesiology, Reanimatology, Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Tamara Braut
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Clinical Hospital Centre Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
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4
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Sánchez-Meza LV, Bello-Rios C, Eloy JO, Gómez-Gómez Y, Leyva-Vázquez MA, Petrilli R, Bernad-Bernad MJ, Lagunas-Martínez A, Medina LA, Serrano-Bello J, Organista-Nava J, Illades-Aguiar B. Cationic Liposomes Carrying HPV16 E6-siRNA Inhibit the Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Cervical Cancer Cells. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:880. [PMID: 39065577 PMCID: PMC11279637 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16070880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The E6 and E7 oncoproteins of high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) are crucial for the development of cervical cancer (CC). Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are explored as novel therapies that silence these oncogenes, but their clinical use is hampered by inefficient delivery systems. Modification (pegylation) with polyethylene glycol (PEG) of liposomal siRNA complexes (siRNA lipoplexes) may improve systemic stability. We studied the effect of siRNA targeting HPV16 E6, delivered via cationic liposomes (lipoplexes), on cellular processes in a cervical carcinoma cell line (CaSki) and its potential therapeutic use. Lipoplexes-PEG-HPV16 E6, composed of DOTAP, Chol, DOPE, and DSPE-PEG2000 were prepared. The results showed that pegylation (5% DSPE-PEG2000) provided stable siRNA protection, with a particle size of 86.42 ± 3.19 nm and a complexation efficiency of over 80%; the siRNA remained stable for 30 days. These lipoplexes significantly reduced HPV16 E6 protein levels and restored p53 protein expression, inhibiting carcinogenic processes such as proliferation by 25.74%, migration (95.7%), and cell invasion (97.8%) at concentrations of 20 nM, 200 nM, and 80 nM, respectively. In conclusion, cationic lipoplexes-PEG-HPV16 E6 show promise as siRNA carriers for silencing HPV16 E6 in CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz Victoria Sánchez-Meza
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Chilpancingo 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (L.V.S.-M.); (C.B.-R.); (Y.G.-G.); (M.A.L.-V.)
| | - Ciresthel Bello-Rios
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Chilpancingo 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (L.V.S.-M.); (C.B.-R.); (Y.G.-G.); (M.A.L.-V.)
| | - Josimar O. Eloy
- Department of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ceará, 1210 Pastor Samuel Munguba Street, Fortaleza 60430-160, CE, Brazil;
| | - Yazmín Gómez-Gómez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Chilpancingo 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (L.V.S.-M.); (C.B.-R.); (Y.G.-G.); (M.A.L.-V.)
| | - Marco Antonio Leyva-Vázquez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Chilpancingo 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (L.V.S.-M.); (C.B.-R.); (Y.G.-G.); (M.A.L.-V.)
| | - Raquel Petrilli
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of International Integration of the Afro-Brazilian Lusophony, Redenção 62790-000, CE, Brazil;
| | | | - Alfredo Lagunas-Martínez
- Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca 62100, Morelos, Mexico;
| | - Luis Alberto Medina
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico;
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer INCan/UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Actualmente Hospital Ángeles Puebla, Ciudad de Mexico 14080, Mexico
| | - Janeth Serrano-Bello
- Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico 04360, Mexico;
| | - Jorge Organista-Nava
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Chilpancingo 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (L.V.S.-M.); (C.B.-R.); (Y.G.-G.); (M.A.L.-V.)
| | - Berenice Illades-Aguiar
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Chilpancingo 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (L.V.S.-M.); (C.B.-R.); (Y.G.-G.); (M.A.L.-V.)
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Galati L, Di Bonito P, Marinaro M, Chiantore MV, Gheit T. HPV16 Phylogenetic Variants in Anogenital and Head and Neck Cancers: State of the Art and Perspectives. Viruses 2024; 16:904. [PMID: 38932197 PMCID: PMC11209046 DOI: 10.3390/v16060904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
HPV16 is responsible for approximately 60% and 90% of global HPV-induced cervical and oropharyngeal cancers, respectively. HPV16 intratype variants have been identified by HPV genome sequencing and classified into four phylogenetic lineages (A-D). Our understanding of HPV16 variants mostly derives from epidemiological studies on cervical cancer (CC) in which HPV16 B, C, and D lineages (previously named "non-European" variants) were mainly associated with high-grade cervical lesions and cancer. Although a predominance of HPV16 lineage A (previously named "European variants") has been observed in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), epidemiological and in vitro biological studies are still limited for this tumor site. Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) of the entire HPV genome has deepened our knowledge of the prevalence and distribution of HPV variants in CC and HNSCC. Research on cervical cancer has shown that certain HPV16 sublineages, such as D2, D3, A3, and A4, are associated with an increased risk of cervical cancer, and sublineages A4, D2, and D3 are linked to a higher risk of developing adenocarcinomas. Additionally, lineage C and sublineages D2 or D3 of HPV16 show an elevated risk of developing premalignant cervical lesions. However, it is still crucial to conduct large-scale studies on HPV16 variants in different HPV-related tumor sites to deeply evaluate their association with disease development and outcomes. This review discusses the current knowledge and updates on HPV16 phylogenetic variants distribution in HPV-driven anogenital and head and neck cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Galati
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Paola Di Bonito
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; (P.D.B.); (M.M.); (M.V.C.)
| | - Mariarosaria Marinaro
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; (P.D.B.); (M.M.); (M.V.C.)
| | - Maria Vincenza Chiantore
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; (P.D.B.); (M.M.); (M.V.C.)
| | - Tarik Gheit
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69007 Lyon, France
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6
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Wang Y, Wang F, Wang S, Zhang L, Fu H, Sun L, Wang W, Liu C, Ren W, Gao L, Xing G, Ma X. p16 and p53 can Serve as Prognostic Markers for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int Dent J 2024; 74:543-552. [PMID: 38105167 PMCID: PMC11123557 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2023.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to explore the expression and clinical significance of human papilloma virus-related pathogenic factors (p16, cyclin D1, p53) in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and construct a predictive model. METHODS The Cancer Genome Atlas was used to obtain clinical data for 112 patients with HNSCC. Expression of p16, p53, and cyclin D1 was quantified. We used the survival package of the R program to set the cut-off value. Values above the cut-off were considered positive, while values below the cut-off were negative. Kaplan-Meier analysis and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to investigate prognostic clinicopathological indicators and the expression of p16, p53, and cyclin D1. A predictive model was constructed based on the results of multifactor Cox regression analysis, and the accuracy of the predictive model was verified through final calibration analysis. Follow-up of patients with HNSCC at the Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University was conducted from 2015 to 2017, and reliability of the predictive model was validated based on follow-up data and molecular expression levels. RESULTS According to the results, expression of p16 and p53 was significantly associated with prognosis (P < .05). The predictive model constructed based on the expression levels of p16 and p53 was useful for evaluating the prognosis of patients with HNSCC. The predictive model was validated using follow-up data obtained from the hospital, and the trend of the follow-up results was consistent with the predictive model. CONCLUSION p16 and p53 can be used as key indicators to predict the prognosis of HNSCC patients and as critical immunohistochemical indicators in clinical practice. The survival model constructed based on p16 and p53 expression levels reliably predicts patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; Department of stomatology, ZiBo Central Hospital, ZiBo, Shandong, China; School of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; School of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Shuhan Wang
- School of Stomatology, Qilu Medical University, ZiBo, Shangdong, China
| | - Lingnan Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China; Department of Orthodontics, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Honghai Fu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; School of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Legang Sun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; School of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Wenlong Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Chunxia Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Wenhao Ren
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; Key Lab of Oral Clinical Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Guoyi Xing
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; School of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China; Wuhan Dongxihu District People's Hospital
| | - Xiangrui Ma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China.
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Tran NH, Sais D, Tran N. Advances in human papillomavirus detection and molecular understanding in head and neck cancers: Implications for clinical management. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29746. [PMID: 38884391 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Head and neck cancers (HNCs), primarily head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), are associated with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR HPV), notably HPV16 and HPV18. HPV status guides treatment and predicts outcomes, with distinct molecular pathways in HPV-driven HNSCC influencing survival rates. HNC incidence is rising globally, with regional variations reflecting diverse risk factors, including tobacco, alcohol, and HPV infection. Oropharyngeal cancers attributed to HPV have significantly increased, particularly in regions like the United States. The HPV16 genome, characterized by oncoproteins E6 and E7, disrupts crucial cell cycle regulators, including tumor protein p53 (TP53) and retinoblastoma (Rb), contributing to HNSCC pathogenesis. P16 immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a reliable surrogate marker for HPV16 positivity, while in situ hybridization and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques, notably reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), offer sensitive HPV detection. Liquid-based RT-qPCR, especially in saliva, shows promise for noninvasive HPV detection, offering simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and patient compliance. These molecular advancements enhance diagnostic accuracy, guide treatment decisions, and improve patient outcomes in HNC management. In conclusion, advances in HPV detection and molecular understanding have significant clinical management implications. Integrating these advancements into routine practice could ultimately improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc Ha Tran
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dayna Sais
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nham Tran
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Josi R, Speiser DE, de Brot S, Vogt AC, Sevick-Muraca EM, Tolstonog GV, Bachmann MF, Mohsen MO. A tetravalent nanovaccine that inhibits growth of HPV-associated head and neck carcinoma via dendritic and T cell activation. iScience 2024; 27:109439. [PMID: 38523774 PMCID: PMC10957412 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The global incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV) associated head and neck carcinoma is on the rise, in response to this a tetravalent therapeutic vaccine named Qβ-HPVag was developed. This vaccine, utilizing virus-like particles (VLPs) loaded with toll-like receptor ligands and chemically coupled to four HPV16-derived peptides, demonstrated strong anti-tumor effects in a murine head and neck cancer model. Qβ-HPVag impeded tumor progression, increased infiltration of HPV-specific T cells, and significantly improved survival. The vaccine`s efficacy was associated with immune repolarization in the tumor microenvironment, characterized by expanded activated dendritic cell subsets (cDC1, cDC2, DC3). Notably, mice responding to treatment exhibited a higher percentage of migratory DC3 cells expressing CCR7. These findings suggest promising prospects for optimized VLP-based vaccines in treating HPV-associated head and neck cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romano Josi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences (GCB), Bern, Switzerland
| | - Daniel E. Speiser
- Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Simone de Brot
- COMPATH, Institute of Animal Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Cathrine Vogt
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences (GCB), Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eva M. Sevick-Muraca
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Genrich V. Tolstonog
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Agora Cancer Research Centre, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Martin F. Bachmann
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Henry Welcome Building for Molecular Physiology, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mona O. Mohsen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Tajarub Research & Development, Doha, State of Qatar
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9
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Deutsch F, Sais D, Keatinge N, Hill M, Tran NH, Elliott M, Tran N. Biplex quantitative PCR to detect transcriptionally active human papillomavirus 16 from patient saliva. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:442. [PMID: 38600473 PMCID: PMC11005208 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12125-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancers, particularly oropharyngeal cancers (OPC), have been increasingly associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infections, specifically HPV16. The current methods for HPV16 detection primarily rely on p16 staining or PCR techniques. However, it is important to note the limitations of conventional PCR, as the presence of viral DNA does not always indicate an ongoing viral infection. Moreover, these tests heavily rely on the availability of tissue samples, which can present challenges in certain situations. In this study, we developed a RT-qPCR biplex approach to detect HPV16 oncogenes E6 and E7 RNA in saliva samples from OPC patients. Salivary supernatant was used as the liquid biopsy source. We successfully obtained RNA from salivary supernatant, preserving its integrity as indicated by the detection of several housekeeping genes. Our biplex approach accurately detected E6 and E7 RNA in HPV16-positive cell lines, tissues, and finally in OPC salivary samples. Importantly, the assay specifically targeted HPV16 and not HPV18. This biplexing technique allowed for reduced sample input without compromising specificity. In summary, our approach demonstrates the potential to detect viable HPV16 in saliva from OPC patients. Since the assay measures HPV16 RNA, it provides insights into the transcriptional activity of the virus. This could guide clinical decision-making and treatment planning for individuals with HPV-related OPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Deutsch
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Dayna Sais
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Ni Keatinge
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Meredith Hill
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Ngoc Ha Tran
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Michael Elliott
- Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nham Tran
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia.
- Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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10
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Galati L, Chiantore MV, Marinaro M, Di Bonito P. Human Oncogenic Viruses: Characteristics and Prevention Strategies-Lessons Learned from Human Papillomaviruses. Viruses 2024; 16:416. [PMID: 38543781 PMCID: PMC10974567 DOI: 10.3390/v16030416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Approximately 12% of human cancers worldwide are associated with infectious agents, which are classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as Group 1 within the agents that are carcinogenic to humans. Most of these agents are viruses. Group 1 oncogenic viruses include hepatitis C virus, hepatitis B virus (HBV), human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1, Epstein-Barr virus, Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, human immunodeficiency virus-1 and high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs). In addition, some human polyomaviruses are suspected of inducing cancer prevalently in hosts with impaired immune responses. Merkel cell polyomavirus has been associated with Merkel cell carcinoma and included by the IARC in Group 2A (i.e., probably carcinogenic to humans). Linking viruses to human cancers has allowed for the development of diagnostic, prophylactic and therapeutic measures. Vaccination significantly reduced tumours induced by two oncogenic viruses as follows: HBV and HPV. Herein, we focus on mucosal alpha HPVs, which are responsible for the highest number of cancer cases due to tumour viruses and against which effective prevention strategies have been developed to reduce the global burden of HPV-related cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Galati
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20139 Milan, Italy;
| | - Maria Vincenza Chiantore
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Viral Hepatitis and Oncovirus and Retrovirus Diseases (EVOR) Unit, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Mariarosaria Marinaro
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Microorganisms and Host Response: Research and Technological Innovation (MICROS) Unit, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Paola Di Bonito
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Viral Hepatitis and Oncovirus and Retrovirus Diseases (EVOR) Unit, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy;
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11
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Garolla A, Graziani A, Grande G, Ortolani C, Ferlin A. HPV-related diseases in male patients: an underestimated conundrum. J Endocrinol Invest 2024; 47:261-274. [PMID: 37770654 PMCID: PMC10859347 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02192-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most common sexually transmitted disease, in males and females worldwide. While the role of HPV in female diseases is well known and largely studied, males have negligibly been included in these programs, also because the proportion of women suffering and dying from HPV-related diseases is much larger than men. The aim of this review is to focus on HPV-related diseases in male patients. METHODS We performed a literature analysis on the electronic database PubMed. We considered randomized trials, observational and retrospective studies, original articles having as topic the relationship between HPV male infection and the following items: oral, anal penile cancers, warts, condylomas, male infertility, altered sperm parameters, anti-sperm antibodies (ASA). We also included experimental in vitro studies focused on the effects of HPV infection on oocyte fertilization, blastocyst development, and trophoblastic cell invasiveness. In addition, studies describing the adjuvant administration of the HPV vaccination as a possible strategy to promote HPV clearance from semen in infected males were included. RESULTS Regarding head and neck HPV-related diseases, the most important non-neoplastic disease is recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP). Regarding neoplastic diseases, the proportion of head and neck cancers attributable to HPV has increased dramatically worldwide. In addition, nowadays, it is thought that half of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) cases in the United States are caused by infection with high-risk HPV. HPV is noteworthy in andrological practice too. It was described as having a high HPV prevalence, ranging between 50 and 70%, in male penile shaft, glans penis/coronal sulcus, semen as well as in scrotal, perianal, and anal regions. Moreover, in male patients, HPV infection has been associated, among other diseases, with penile cancers. HPV semen infection has been reported in about 10% in men from the general population and about 16% in men with unexplained infertility, although these data seem widely underestimated according to clinical experience. In particular, HPV semen infection seems to be most related to asthenozoospermia and to anti-sperm antibodies (ASAs). CONCLUSIONS HPV infection represents a health problem with a detrimental social and public impact. Despite this evidence, little has been done to date to widely promote vaccination among young males.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Garolla
- Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.
| | - A Graziani
- Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - G Grande
- Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - C Ortolani
- Section of Otolaryngology, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - A Ferlin
- Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
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12
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Kumar P, Gupta S, Das BC. Saliva as a potential non-invasive liquid biopsy for early and easy diagnosis/prognosis of head and neck cancer. Transl Oncol 2024; 40:101827. [PMID: 38042138 PMCID: PMC10701368 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are the most devastating diseases in India and southeast Asia. It is a preventable and curable disease if detected early. Tobacco and alcohol consumption are the two major risk-factors but infection of high-risk HPVs are also associated with development of predominantly oral and oropharyngeal carcinomas. Interestingly, unlike cervical cancer, HPV-induced HNSCCs show good prognosis and better survival in contrast, majority of tobacco-associated HPV-ve HNSCCs are highly aggressive with poor clinical outcome. Biomarker analysis in circulatory body-fluids for early cancer diagnosis, prognosis and treatment monitoring are becoming important in clinical practice. Early diagnosis using non-invasive saliva for oral or other diseases plays an important role in successful treatment and better prognosis. Saliva mirrors the body's state of health as it comes into direct contact with oral lesions and needs no trained manpower to collect, making it a suitable bio-fluid of choice for screening. Saliva can be used to detect not only virus, bacteria and other biomarkers but variety of molecular and genetic markers for an early detection, treatment and monitoring cancer and other diseases. The performance of saliva-based diagnostics are reported to be highly (≥95 %) sensitive and specific indicating the test's ability to correctly identify true positive or negative cases. This review focuses on the potentials of saliva in the early detection of not only HPV or other pathogens but also identification of highly reliable gene mutations, oral-microbiomes, metabolites, salivary cytokines, non-coding RNAs and exosomal miRNAs. It also discusses the importance of saliva as a reliable, cost-effective and an easy alternative to invasive procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhat Kumar
- Stem Cell and Cancer Research Lab, Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida 201313, India
| | - Shilpi Gupta
- Stem Cell and Cancer Research Lab, Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida 201313, India
| | - Bhudev C Das
- Stem Cell and Cancer Research Lab, Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida 201313, India.
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13
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Cavalieri S, Bruno E, Serafini MS, Lenoci D, Canevari S, Lopez-Perez L, Hernandez L, Mariani L, Miceli R, Gavazzi C, Pasanisi P, Rosso E, Cordero F, Bossi P, Golusinski W, Dietz A, Strojan P, Fuereder T, De Cecco L, Licitra L. Dietary intervention for tertiary prevention in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma survivors: clinical and translational results of a randomized phase II trial. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1321174. [PMID: 38239654 PMCID: PMC10794719 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1321174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background There is a strong need for preventive approaches to reduce the incidence of recurrence, second cancers, and late toxicities in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) survivors. We conducted a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to assess a dietary intervention as a non-expensive and non-toxic method of tertiary prevention in HNSCC survivors. Methods Eligible participants were disease-free patients with HNSCC in follow-up after curative treatments. Subjects were randomized 1:1 to receive a highly monitored dietary intervention plus the Word Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research recommendations for cancer prevention (intervention arm) or standard-of-care recommendations (control arm). The planned sample size for the event-free survival evaluation (primary endpoint) was not reached, and the protocol was amended in order to investigate the clinical (nutritional and quality-of-life questionnaires) and translational study [plasma-circulating food-related microRNAs (miRNAs)] as main endpoints, the results of which are reported herein. Results One hundred patients were screened, 94 were randomized, and 89 were eligible for intention-to-treat analysis. Median event-free survival was not reached in both arms. After 18 months, nutritional questionnaires showed a significant increase in Recommended Food Score (p = 0.04) in the intervention arm vs. control arm. The frequency of patients with and without a clinically meaningful deterioration or improvement of the C30 global health status in the two study arms was similar. Food-derived circulating miRNAs were identified in plasma samples at baseline, with a significant difference among countries. Conclusion This RCT represented the first proof-of-principle study, indicating the feasibility of a clinical study based on nutritional and lifestyle interventions in HNSCC survivors. Subjects receiving specific counseling increased the consumption of the recommended foods, but no relevant changes in quality of life were recorded between the two study arms. Food-derived plasma miRNA might be considered promising circulating dietary biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Cavalieri
- Head and Neck Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Eleonora Bruno
- Nutrition Research and Metabolomics, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Mara Serena Serafini
- Integrated Biology of Rare Tumors Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Deborah Lenoci
- Integrated Biology of Rare Tumors Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Laura Lopez-Perez
- Universidad Politecnica de Madrid-Life Supporting Technologies Research Group, ETSIT, Madrid, Spain
| | - Liss Hernandez
- Universidad Politecnica de Madrid-Life Supporting Technologies Research Group, ETSIT, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luigi Mariani
- Biostatistics for Clinical Research Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosalba Miceli
- Biostatistics for Clinical Research Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Gavazzi
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Pasanisi
- Nutrition Research and Metabolomics, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Rosso
- Head and Neck Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
- Department of Computer Science, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Bossi
- Head and Neck Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Wojciech Golusinski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Andreas Dietz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Universitätsklinikum, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Primož Strojan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Thorsten Fuereder
- Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Loris De Cecco
- Integrated Biology of Rare Tumors Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Lisa Licitra
- Head and Neck Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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14
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Constantin M, Chifiriuc MC, Mihaescu G, Vrancianu CO, Dobre EG, Cristian RE, Bleotu C, Bertesteanu SV, Grigore R, Serban B, Cirstoiu C. Implications of oral dysbiosis and HPV infection in head and neck cancer: from molecular and cellular mechanisms to early diagnosis and therapy. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1273516. [PMID: 38179168 PMCID: PMC10765588 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1273516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the sixth most common type of cancer, with more than half a million new cases annually. This review focuses on the role of oral dysbiosis and HPV infection in HNCs, presenting the involved taxons, molecular effectors and pathways, as well as the HPV-associated particularities of genetic and epigenetic changes and of the tumor microenvironment occurred in different stages of tumor development. Oral dysbiosis is associated with the evolution of HNCs, through multiple mechanisms such as inflammation, genotoxins release, modulation of the innate and acquired immune response, carcinogens and anticarcinogens production, generation of oxidative stress, induction of mutations. Thus, novel microbiome-derived biomarkers and interventions could significantly contribute to achieving the desideratum of personalized management of oncologic patients, regarding both early diagnosis and treatment. The results reported by different studies are not always congruent regarding the variations in the abundance of different taxons in HNCs. However, there is a consistent reporting of a higher abundance of Gram-negative species such as Fusobacterium, Leptotrichia, Treponema, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella, Bacteroidetes, Haemophilus, Veillonella, Pseudomonas, Enterobacterales, which are probably responsible of chronic inflammation and modulation of tumor microenvironment. Candida albicans is the dominant fungi found in oral carcinoma being also associated with shorter survival rate. Specific microbial signatures (e.g., F. nucleatum, Bacteroidetes and Peptostreptococcus) have been associated with later stages and larger tumor, suggesting their potential to be used as biomarkers for tumor stratification and prognosis. On the other hand, increased abundance of Corynebacterium, Kingella, Abiotrophia is associated with a reduced risk of HNC. Microbiome could also provide biomarkers for differentiating between oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers as well as between HPV-positive and HPV-negative tumors. Ongoing clinical trials aim to validate non-invasive tests for microbiome-derived biomarkers detection in oral and throat cancers, especially within high-risk populations. Oro-pharyngeal dysbiosis could also impact the HNCs therapy and associated side-effects of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. HPV-positive tumors harbor fewer mutations, as well as different DNA methylation pattern and tumor microenvironment. Therefore, elucidation of the molecular mechanisms by which oral microbiota and HPV infection influence the HNC initiation and progression, screening for HPV infection and vaccination against HPV, adopting a good oral hygiene, and preventing oral dysbiosis are important tools for advancing in the battle with this public health global challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Constantin
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology of Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, ICUB, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, ICUB, Bucharest, Romania
- Microbiology Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Life, Medical and Agricultural Sciences, Biological Sciences Section, Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Grigore Mihaescu
- Microbiology Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corneliu Ovidiu Vrancianu
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, ICUB, Bucharest, Romania
- Microbiology Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- DANUBIUS Department, National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena-Georgiana Dobre
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, ICUB, Bucharest, Romania
- Immunology Department, “Victor Babes” National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana-Elena Cristian
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, ICUB, Bucharest, Romania
- DANUBIUS Department, National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Coralia Bleotu
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, ICUB, Bucharest, Romania
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Department, Ştefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Serban Vifor Bertesteanu
- Coltea Clinical Hospital, ENT, Head & Neck Surgery Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca Grigore
- Coltea Clinical Hospital, ENT, Head & Neck Surgery Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan Serban
- University Emergency Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Catalin Cirstoiu
- University Emergency Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
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15
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Lu H, Kuang D, Zhou P, Zeng J, Xia Q, Wang J, Duan P, Jiang L, Zang S, Jin Y, Jiang X, Li J, Tang W, Zhou J, Chen J, Ying J. PD-L1 expression in recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in China (EXCEED study): a multicentre retrospective study. J Clin Pathol 2023:jcp-2023-209059. [PMID: 37968103 DOI: 10.1136/jcp-2023-209059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is known to be highly expressed in various malignancies, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We aimed to determine the prevalence of PD-L1 expression in recurrent or metastatic HNSCC (R/M HNSCC) among Chinese patients. METHODS This multicentre, retrospective analysis of data from six centres in China included patients with R/M HNSCC treated from 9 August 2021 to 28 February 2022. PD-L1 expression in tumour tissue was assessed and represented using a combined positive score (CPS). The χ2 and Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel χ2 tests were used to compare the prevalence of different PD-L1 expression statuses according to related co-variables. RESULTS For all 402 examined patients with R/M HNSCC, 168 cases (41.8%) had PD-L1 expression with a CPS ≥20, and 337 cases (83.8%) had PD-L1 expression with a CPS ≥1. Between the PD-L1 CPS ≥20 group and PD-L1 CPS <20 group, statistically significant differences were observed for variables of sex (p<0.001), smoking habit (p=0.0138 for non-smokers vs current smokers) and primary tumour site (p<0.001 for hypopharynx vs oral cavity and p=0.0304 for larynx vs oral cavity, respectively). CONCLUSION PD-L1 with CPS ≥20 was expressed in about 41.8% of cases with R/M HNSCC among Chinese patients, and PD-L1 expression was significantly associated with sex, smoking history and primary tumour site. Our findings regarding the variables related to PD-L1 expression level provide insight for clinical practice and a solid basis for future research on immunotherapy in HNSCC. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN10570964.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizhen Lu
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Kuang
- Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingxin Xia
- Department of Pathology, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei Duan
- Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lili Jiang
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shengbing Zang
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yiping Jin
- Department of Pathology, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiangnan Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jielin Li
- MRL Global Medical Affairs, MSD China, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenmin Tang
- MRL Global Medical Affairs, MSD China, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiansong Zhou
- MRL Global Medical Affairs, MSD China, Shanghai, China
| | - Jihua Chen
- MRL Global Medical Affairs, MSD China, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianming Ying
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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16
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van der Hulst HJ, Jansen RW, Vens C, Bos P, Schats W, de Jong MC, Martens RM, Bodalal Z, Beets-Tan RGH, van den Brekel MWM, de Graaf P, Castelijns JA. The Prediction of Biological Features Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5077. [PMID: 37894447 PMCID: PMC10605807 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15205077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an indispensable, routine technique that provides morphological and functional imaging sequences. MRI can potentially capture tumor biology and allow for longitudinal evaluation of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the ability of MRI to predict tumor biology in primary HNSCC. Studies were screened, selected, and assessed for quality using appropriate tools according to the PRISMA criteria. Fifty-eight articles were analyzed, examining the relationship between (functional) MRI parameters and biological features and genetics. Most studies focused on HPV status associations, revealing that HPV-positive tumors consistently exhibited lower ADCmean (SMD: 0.82; p < 0.001) and ADCminimum (SMD: 0.56; p < 0.001) values. On average, lower ADCmean values are associated with high Ki-67 levels, linking this diffusion restriction to high cellularity. Several perfusion parameters of the vascular compartment were significantly associated with HIF-1α. Analysis of other biological factors (VEGF, EGFR, tumor cell count, p53, and MVD) yielded inconclusive results. Larger datasets with homogenous acquisition are required to develop and test radiomic-based prediction models capable of capturing different aspects of the underlying tumor biology. Overall, our study shows that rapid and non-invasive characterization of tumor biology via MRI is feasible and could enhance clinical outcome predictions and personalized patient management for HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedda J. van der Hulst
- Department of Radiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, University of Maastricht, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Robin W. Jansen
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Conchita Vens
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- School of Cancer Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Paula Bos
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Winnie Schats
- Scientific Information Service, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marcus C. de Jong
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roland M. Martens
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Zuhir Bodalal
- Department of Radiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, University of Maastricht, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Regina G. H. Beets-Tan
- Department of Radiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, University of Maastricht, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Michiel W. M. van den Brekel
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pim de Graaf
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jonas A. Castelijns
- Department of Radiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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17
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Qaqish A, Abdo N, Abbas MM, Saadeh N, Alkhateeb M, Msameh R, Tarawneh S, Al-Masri M. Awareness and knowledge of physicians and residents on the non-sexual routes of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection and their perspectives on anti-HPV vaccination in Jordan. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291643. [PMID: 37819974 PMCID: PMC10566688 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Although penetrative sex is the most common route of HPV infection, there is strong evidence of non-sexual modes of transmission. As the first of its kind, this study aimed to investigate the knowledge and awareness of Jordanian physicians on such routes. METHODS A questionnaire was conducted among a national Jordanian sample of physicians from Jordanian health sectors. The survey included questions assessing participants' knowledge on HPV, non-sexual routes of infection and HPV vaccines. Physicians' attitudes towards HPV screening and vaccination were covered. Statistical analysis was carried out using SAS 9.4, ANOVA, post-hoc Tukey-Honest test and Kruskal-Wallis test. All significant differences were set at α = 0.05. RESULTS A total of 412 participants completed the survey. Physicians showed a huge deficit in knowledge on nonsexual routes of HPV transmission. They agreed that the most and least common routes of non-sexual transmission are skin to mucosa (64%) and contaminated water (15%), respectively. Females showed significantly better knowledge in all aspects of HPV transmission and vaccination (p<0.0001) and more positive attitudes towards HPV screening and vaccination compared to males (p = 0.03). Age group ≤ 25 and academic physicians demonstrated higher knowledge on HPV vaccines compared to their counterparts in non-academic places (p = 0.002). Specialty and experience seemed to have no impact on knowledge or attitudes of participants. Higher knowledge physicians had more positive attitude towards vaccination and screening compared to lower knowledge fellows (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The noteworthy findings of this study is the extremely low level of knowledge on non-sexual routes of HPV infection among Jordanian physicians. Increasing the level of awareness of physicians and healthcare workers on these routes and their association with cervical and other cancers through university curricula and other reliable sources is strongly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arwa Qaqish
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Applied Genomics, King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman, Jordan
| | - Nour Abdo
- Department of Public Health, Community Medicine and Family Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Manal Mohammad Abbas
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Nour Saadeh
- The National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Genetics, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Renad Msameh
- Department of General Surgery, King Abdullah University Hospital (KAUH), Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Shahd Tarawneh
- Faculty of medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Mona Al-Masri
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
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18
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Lulić L, Jakovčević A, Kovačić I, Manojlović L, Dediol E, Skelin J, Tomaić V. HPV16 Impacts NHERF2 Expression in Oropharyngeal Cancers. Pathogens 2023; 12:1013. [PMID: 37623973 PMCID: PMC10459660 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12081013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection with human papillomaviruses (HPVs), in particular with HPV type 16, is now considered to be a key risk factor for the development of a subset of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCC) that show different epidemiological, clinical, and prognostic characteristics from HPV-negative (HPV-) OPSCCs. So far, extensive research efforts aiming to distinguish these two distinct entities have not identified specific biomarkers, nor led to different therapies. Previous research has shown that HPV16 E6 oncoprotein binds NHERF2, inducing its proteasomal degradation, and consequently increasing cell proliferation; we therefore aimed to investigate how this might be reflected in human histological samples. We analyzed NHERF2 expression patterns in HPV16-positive (HPV16+) and HPV- OPSCC samples, to investigate any potential differences in NHERF2 pattern. Interestingly, we observed a statistically significant decrease in NHERF2 levels in HPV16+ and poorly differentiated HPV- OPSCCs, compared with healthy tissue. Furthermore, we observed a significant reduction in the percentage of NHERF2 immunoreactive cancer cells in HPV16+ tumors, compared with well and moderately differentiated HPV- OPSCCs, suggesting the importance of 16E6's targeting of NHERF2 in HPV-driven oncogenesis in the head and neck area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucija Lulić
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Antonia Jakovčević
- Clinical Department of Pathology and Cytology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Iva Kovačić
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Luka Manojlović
- Department of Pathology and Cytology, University Hospital Dubrava, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Emil Dediol
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Dubrava, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Josipa Skelin
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vjekoslav Tomaić
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Sun P, Wei P, Liu H, Wu J, Gross ND, Sikora AG, Wei Q, Shete S, Zafereo ME, Liu J, Li G. GWAS-identified telomere length associated genetic variants predict risk of recurrence of HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer after definitive radiotherapy. EBioMedicine 2023; 94:104722. [PMID: 37487414 PMCID: PMC10382868 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymphocyte telomere length (LTL)-related genetic variants may modulate LTL and affect recurrence of squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx (SCCOP). METHODS A total of 1013 patients with incident SCCOP were recruited and genotyped for 16 genome-wide association study (GWAS)-identified TL-related polymorphisms. Of these patients, 489 had tumour HPV16 status determination. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate associations. FINDINGS Of the 16 TL-related polymorphisms, four were significantly associated with LTL: rs1920116, rs3027234, rs6772228, and rs11125529, and the patients with putatively favourable genotypes had approximately 1.5-3 times the likelihood of shorter LTL compared with patients with the corresponding risk genotypes. Moreover, patients with one to four favourable genotypes of the four combined polymorphisms had approximately 3-11 times the likelihood of shorter LTL compared with patients with no favourable genotype. The four LTL-related polymorphisms were significantly associated with approximately 40% reduced risk (for favourable genotypes) or doubled risk (for risk genotypes) of recurrence, and similar but more pronounced associations were observed in patients with tumour HPV16-positive SCCOP. Similarly, patients with one to four risk genotypes had significantly approximately 2.5-4 times increased recurrence risk compared with patients with no risk genotype, and similar but more pronounced associations were observed in patients with tumour HPV16-positive SCCOP. INTERPRETATION Four LTL-related polymorphisms individually or jointly modify LTL and risk of recurrence of SCCOP, particularly HPV-positive SCCOP. These LTL-related polymorphisms could have potential to further stratify patients with HPV-positive SCCOP for individualized treatment and better survival. FUNDING Not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Sun
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Peng Wei
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hongliang Liu
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jia Wu
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Neil D Gross
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Andrew G Sikora
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Qingyi Wei
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Sanjay Shete
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mark E Zafereo
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jisheng Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Guojun Li
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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20
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Salivary Biomarkers in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Proteomic Overview. Proteomes 2022; 10:proteomes10040037. [PMID: 36412636 PMCID: PMC9680331 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes10040037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most frequent cancers worldwide. Endoscopic methods may be useful in the evaluation of oral injuries even though the diagnostic gold standard is a biopsy. Targeted screenings could be considered the best way to prevent the occurrence of oral cancer. Aimed to elucidate the potential identification of specific biomarkers of OSCC, the use of saliva is convenient and noninvasive. Many studies reported more than a hundred putative saliva biomarkers for OSCC, and proteogenomic approaches were fundamental to disclosing this issue. METHODS Relevant literature published in the last few years was systematically searched on PubMed and we focused on articles about the use and study of salivary biomarkers in the diagnostics of head and neck cancer (n = 110). Thereafter, we performed a selection focusing on diagnosis with salivary proteomics in OSCC (n = 8). RESULTS Saliva proteomics can be a source of biomarkers for OSCC. We reviewed literature of biomarker proteins in saliva that could also be evaluated as probable targets for non-invasive screening of oral neoplasm such as cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases, and acute-phase response proteins. CONCLUSIONS The measurement of salivary biomarkers is a highly hopeful technique for the diagnosis of OSCC. Proteogenomic approaches could permit an accurate and early diagnosis of OSCC. This review seeks to generate an up-to-date view on translational OSCC issues by raising awareness of researchers, physicians, and surgeons. Renewed clinical studies, which will validate the sensitivity and specificity of salivary biomarkers, are necessary to translate these results into possible strategies for early diagnosis of OSCC, thus improving patient outcomes.
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