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Han M, Zhang G, Zhang X. Study on the radiation directivity of a ring-excited thin circular plate with a fixed boundary. ULTRASONICS 2024; 144:107441. [PMID: 39180921 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2024.107441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Air-coupled transducer with a flat plate structure have many applications in the fields of ground weather observation, ultrasonic defoaming, and directional strong acoustic radiation. In this paper, an analytical equation of the far-field radiation directivity of a fixed boundary ring-excited thin circular plate (RTCP) is deduced using Rayleigh integration method. A finite element model of the RTCP is established, and the relationship between the far-field radiation directivity and the excitation position, excitation area and working frequency is studied by considering the third-order axisymmetric flexural vibration of the RTCP. Computation results show that, for a RTCP, the excitation position has more effect on its radiation directivity. When the plate is excited at the positions between first two nodes, the directivity can be enhanced. When the excitation position is in the trough of the normal displacement curve along radius direction, the side lobes of the radiation directivity of the RTCP are minimized. The area of excitation region has smaller influence on the frequency and radiation directivity of the RTCP. However, working frequency has a great influence on the radiation directivity of the RTCP. When the working frequency is close to the vibration frequency of the circular plate, the sound radiation directivity is the best. A prototype fixed boundary circular plate excited by a longitudinal sandwich transducer was designed and manufactured. For comparison, its finite element model was also setup to simulate its acoustic radiation directivity. Experimental results were found to be in agreement with the theoretical calculations and finite element simulation results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang Han
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ultrasonics, School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Guangbin Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ultrasonics, School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ultrasonics, School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
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Liu Z, Zhang Z, Qin L. Design and fabrication of highly thermally conductive 1-1-3 piezoelectric composites. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31575. [PMID: 38831812 PMCID: PMC11145478 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
1-3 piezoelectric composites have been widely used in transmitting transducers, medical devices, navigation, aerospace, etc. However, due to poor thermal conduction of inside piezoelectric composites, performance degradation and service life shortening of transmitting transducers are easily caused while working under high-power or continuously operated states. In this paper, a solution is provided by designing and creating highly efficient thermally conductive paths in 1-1-3 piezoelectric composite. This novel design resulted in two-fold increase in heat dissipation rate compared with traditional 1-3 piezoelectric composites, while maintaining high piezoelectric properties. Furthermore, we designed and fabricated an efficient heat dissipation transducer (EHDT) with the novel 1-1-3 piezoelectric composite as the core material, which can relief heat accumulation effectively compared with conventional transducers (CT). The EHDT can achieve three times more power output than the CT at the same temperature threshold of 90 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyang Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Sensors, Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Beijing, 100192, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Sensors, Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Beijing, 100192, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Measurement and Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Beijing, 100192, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology, Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Beijing, 100192, China
| | - Lei Qin
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Sensors, Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Beijing, 100192, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Measurement and Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Beijing, 100192, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology, Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Beijing, 100192, China
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Liu Y, Hafezi M, Feeney A. A cascaded Nitinol Langevin transducer for resonance stability at elevated temperatures. ULTRASONICS 2024; 137:107201. [PMID: 37976943 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2023.107201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Across power ultrasonics and sensing, piezoelectric ultrasonic transducers commonly experience degradation in mechanical, electrical, and dynamic performance due to the relatively high sensitivity of piezoelectric materials to changes in temperature. These changes, arising for example through high excitation voltages or environmental conditions, can lead to nonlinear dynamic behaviours which compromise device performance. To overcome this, the excitation signal to the piezoelectric material is often pulsed, mitigating the influence of temperature rises. However, there remain constraints on suitable candidate piezoelectric materials for power ultrasonic devices. As a novel approach to mitigating the influence of temperature on the properties of piezoelectric materials, the phase-transforming shape memory alloy Nitinol is incorporated into the piezoelectric stack of a Langevin power ultrasonic transducer, in a cascade formation. The underlying principle is that the nonlinear hardening response of Nitinol to rising temperature can be used to dynamically compensate for the nonlinear softening of the piezoelectric materials. Thus, the dynamic response of the transducer can be linearised at elevated excitation levels. In this study, two configurations of Langevin transducer are designed and characterised. One transducer incorporates a Nitinol middle mass, and in the second, titanium. A combination of electrical and thermomechanical characterisation is undertaken, where it is demonstrated that the nonlinear softening of the piezoelectric stack can be mitigated through control of the Nitinol microstructure. The vibration amplitudes of the Nitinol-middle cascaded transducer are higher and more stable when the Nitinol is austenite rather than a combination of martensite and austenite at room temperature. It has also been shown that the vibration amplitude and resonance frequency of Nitinol-middle cascaded transducer remain stable as temperature changes from 20 °C to 45 °C, dependent of the excitation voltage. Moreover, the self-heating experiment demonstrates the resonance stability of the Nitinol-middle cascaded transducer for continuous operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Liu
- Centre for Medical and Industrial Ultrasonics, University of Glasgow, James Watt School of Engineering, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Mahshid Hafezi
- Centre for Medical and Industrial Ultrasonics, University of Glasgow, James Watt School of Engineering, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Feeney
- Centre for Medical and Industrial Ultrasonics, University of Glasgow, James Watt School of Engineering, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom.
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Su S, Wang Y, Zheng L, Sun M, Tang Q, Huang H. Study on the Cooling Performance of a Focused Ultrasonic Radiator for Electrical Heating Elements. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:116. [PMID: 38258235 PMCID: PMC10820432 DOI: 10.3390/mi15010116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
In this work, a focused ultrasonic radiator is proposed for cooling the electrical heating elements in the focal region, and its working characteristics are investigated. The analyses of the FEM computational and flow field visualization test results indicate that focused ultrasound can generate forced convective heat transfer by the acoustic streaming in the focal region, which can cool the heating elements effectively. Experiments show that when the input voltage is 30Vp-p and the ambient temperature is 25 °C, the focused ultrasonic radiator can cause the surface temperature of the heating element (high-temperature alumina ceramic heating plate with a diameter of 5 mm) in the focal region to drop from 100 °C to about 55 °C. When the diameter of the electrical heating element is changed from 5 mm to 30 mm, the cooling effect is similar in the focal region. Compared with a fan, the focused ultrasound radiator has a shorter cooling time and a more concentrated cooling area. The focused ultrasonic radiator proposed in this work is suitable for some special environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songfei Su
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211167, China; (Y.W.)
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211167, China; (Y.W.)
| | - Lukai Zheng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211167, China; (Y.W.)
| | - Mengxin Sun
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211167, China; (Y.W.)
| | - Qiang Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Mechanical and Material Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China
| | - Huiyu Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Mechanical and Material Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China
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Du P, Chen W, Deng J, Zhang S, Zhang J, Liu Y. A critical review of piezoelectric ultrasonic transducers for ultrasonic-assisted precision machining. ULTRASONICS 2023; 135:107145. [PMID: 37643548 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2023.107145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Piezoelectric ultrasonic-assisted precision machining (PUAPM) technology is considered to be an efficient and environmentally friendly machining strategy by virtue of cutting force reduction, ductile cutting promotion, tool wear and machining noise reduction. Piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer (PUT) provides ultrasonic energy for PUAPM system, which is the core component to ensure the normal operation of the system. PUTs for PUAPM devices have emerged endlessly in recent decades and have been successfully applied in many fields, such as MEMS, biomedicine, optoelectronics, aerospace, etc. However, there is no comprehensive classification and analysis of the basic configurations, excitation principles, typical structures, performance analyses and control strategies for PUT. This work gives a critical review of research on PUT in recent years, especially the structural optimization, application expansion and ultrasonic energy stabilization in PUAPM. The influence mechanism of excitation mode, modal type, modal combination, horn structure and ceramic arrangement on the optimization of PUT structure is summarized. The improvement effect and mechanism of PUT vibration dimension, amplitude, frequency and structural characteristics on surface roughness, surface texture and cutting force are discussed. In addition, the causes of PUT amplitude fluctuation, and the influence of sensing and control methods on PUT amplitude regulation and system integration are analyzed. This review will help in understanding the current development and diversified applications of PUT and will promote the application of ultrasonic technology in more fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Du
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Weishan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jie Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Shijing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- The Center for Precision Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yingxiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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