1
|
Santos R, Valamatos MJ, Mil-Homens P, Armada-da-Silva PAS. Effect of Knee Angle, Contractile Activity, and Intensity of Force Production on Vastus Lateralis Stiffness: A Supersonic Shear Wave Elastography Pilot Study. Sports (Basel) 2024; 12:211. [PMID: 39195587 PMCID: PMC11359883 DOI: 10.3390/sports12080211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Supersonic shear image (SSI) ultrasound elastography provides a quantitative assessment of tissue stiffness using the velocity of shear waves. SSI's great potential has allowed researchers in fields like biomechanics and muscle physiology to study the function of complex muscle groups in different conditions. The aim of this study is to use SSI to investigate changes in the stiffness of the vastus lateralis (VL) muscle as a consequence of passive elongation, isometric contraction, and repeated muscle activity. In a single session, 15 volunteers performed a series of isometric, concentric, and eccentric contractions. SSI images were collected from the VL to assess its stiffness before and after the contractions and at various knee angles. Two-way within-subjects ANOVA was used to test the effects of muscle contraction type and knee angle on VL stiffness. Linear regression analysis was employed to assess the relationship between muscle stiffness and the intensity of isometric contractions. After maximal contractions, VL stiffness increased by approximately 10% compared to baseline values, and following maximal isometric (p < 0.01) and eccentric contractions (p < 0.05). Yet, there was no change in VL shear modulus at the end of concentric contractions. The relaxed VL shear modulus increased with knee flexion both before and after the knee extensor contractions (p < 0.001). A linear relationship between the shear modulus and the degree of isometric contraction was observed, although with notable individual variation (R2 = 0.125). Maximal contractile activity produces modest increases in relaxed muscle stiffness. The SSI-measured shear modulus increases linearly with the degree of isometric contraction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rute Santos
- Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Estrada da Costa, Portugal; (M.J.V.); (P.M.-H.); (P.A.S.A.-d.-S.)
- Coimbra Health School, Polytechnic University of Coimbra, Rua da Misericórdia, Lagar dos Cortiços, S. Martinho do Bispo, 3045-093 Coimbra, Portugal
- H&TRC—Health & Technology Research Center, Coimbra Health School, Polytechnic University of Coimbra, Rua 5 de Outubro, 3045-043 Coimbra, Portugal
- CIPER-UC—Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Human Performance, University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria João Valamatos
- Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Estrada da Costa, Portugal; (M.J.V.); (P.M.-H.); (P.A.S.A.-d.-S.)
| | - Pedro Mil-Homens
- Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Estrada da Costa, Portugal; (M.J.V.); (P.M.-H.); (P.A.S.A.-d.-S.)
| | - Paulo A. S. Armada-da-Silva
- Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Estrada da Costa, Portugal; (M.J.V.); (P.M.-H.); (P.A.S.A.-d.-S.)
- Centro para o Estudo da Performance Humana, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Estrada da Costa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Çekok FK, Taş S, Aktaş A. Muscle and tendon stiffness of lower extremity in older adults with fall history: Stiffness effect on physical performance and fall risk. Geriatr Nurs 2024; 59:228-233. [PMID: 39053165 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2024.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Changes in muscle and tendon stiffness may lead to falls in older adults by affecting joint stability and muscle function. This study aims to investigate the changes in stiffness in lower extremity muscles and tendons in the older adults with a fall history. A cross-sectional research design was followed. 25 older adults with a fall history and 26 older adults without fall history were recruited study. Stiffness of the lower extremity muscles and tendons was measured using a MyotonPRO device. Balance and functional ability of the participants were evaluated. The stiffness of all the selected muscles and tendon was lower in the older adults with a history of fall compared to controls (p<0.05). The obtained results suggest the decrease in the stiffness of the lower extremity muscles and tendon may negatively affect muscle function and joint stability/ control, and it may increase the predisposition to falling in older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Kübra Çekok
- Tarsus University, Faculty of Health Science, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, 33400, Tarsus/Mersin, Turkey.
| | - Serkan Taş
- Toros University, Faculty of Health Science, Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, 33140, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Arda Aktaş
- Balıkesir University, Faculty of Health Science, Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, 33140, Mersin, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yang X, Wang H, Sun J. Understanding tightened muscle in knee osteoarthritis and the impacts of Fu's subcutaneous needling: A pilot trial with shear-wave elastography and near-infrared spectroscopy. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38274. [PMID: 38787967 PMCID: PMC11124628 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the scarce reports on the interplay between Fu's subcutaneous needling (FSN), tightened muscle, and therapeutic effects, we developed a clinical research protocol to synchronously collect data on clinical efficacy and muscle characteristics in patients with knee osteoarthritis, exploring the mechanism of FSN action. The primary aim was to assess the feasibility and safety of this protocol, guiding future trials and their sample size calculations. METHODS In this prospective, single-blind, self-controlled study, 19 patients with early to mid-stage unilateral knee osteoarthritis underwent FSN therapy on both knees over 1 week (4 sessions, every other day). We measured local elastic modulus, muscle thickness, blood flow volume, and oxygen consumption rate of bilateral vastus lateralis muscles using shear-wave elastography and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) before and after the first and fourth treatments. Additionally, real-time NIRS indicators (oxygenated hemoglobin [O2Hb], deoxyhemoglobin [HHb], total hemoglobin [THb], and tissue saturation index [TSI]) were recorded during these treatments. Pain intensity (visual analogue scale [VAS]), functional status (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index [WOMAC]), and active range of motion were evaluated before these treatments. RESULTS All 19 participants completed the trial without serious adverse events. After 3 FSN treatments, significant changes were observed in VAS and WOMAC scores (VAS: P < .001; WOMAC: P < .001), and knee flexion (P < .001) and external rotation (P = .02), except for internal rotation. No meaningful significant differences were observed in muscle characteristics at baseline or between pre- and post-treatment periods. NIRS results during treatments indicated significant increases in local O2Hb and THb post-FSN therapy (First treatment: O2Hb: P = .005; THb: P = .006. Fourth treatment: O2Hb: P = .002; THb: P = .004); however, no significant increases were observed for HHb (First treatment: P = .06; Fourth treatment: P = .28). No linear correlation was found between therapeutic effects and changes in tightened muscle indices. CONCLUSION FSN reduces pain and improves joint function in knee osteoarthritis, while also enhancing blood flow and oxygenation in the vastus lateralis muscle of the affected side. Further revisions of this protocol are warranted based on our insights.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Yang
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hanlin Wang
- Acupuncture Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Rehabilitation of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hirata K, Akagi R. Acute effect of static stretching on non-muscular tissue stiffness and joint flexibility: a comparative study between older and young men. Eur J Appl Physiol 2024; 124:793-803. [PMID: 37702788 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-023-05307-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Non-muscular tissue stiffness is assumed to have a negative impact on joint flexibility, and a reduction in non-muscular tissue stiffness may be important, especially in older adults. The present study aimed to compare the acute effects of static stretching on non-muscular tissue stiffness between older and young adults and to investigate whether a decrease in tissue stiffness improves joint flexibility. METHODS Twenty older (62-83 years) and 20 young (21-24 years) males participated. Ankle dorsiflexion static stretching (five sets of 90 s each) was performed, and before and after stretching, the ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (RoM), passive ankle joint stiffness, and shear wave speed (SWS) (an index of stiffness) of the sciatic nerve, tibial nerve, and posterior thigh fascia were measured. RESULTS Stretching led to an increase in RoM and a decrease in passive joint stiffness in both groups (P < 0.001) with no significant between-group differences (P ≥ 0.055). The between-group difference in the effect of stretching on SWS was evident only for the sciatic nerve, and a decline in sciatic nerve SWS was only observed in the older adult group (pre-stretching: 2.5 ± 0.3 m/s; post-stretching: 2.3 ± 0.4 m/s; P = 0.027). A significant positive repeated-measures correlation was observed between the sciatic nerve SWS and passive joint stiffness (P = 0.014, rrm = 0.540). CONCLUSION The reduction in sciatic nerve stiffness by stretching was noticeable in older men and led to improved joint flexibility. These findings may provide insight into tissue adaptation by stretching and may be used to explore effective exercises for improving joint flexibility in older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Hirata
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8574, Japan.
| | - Ryota Akagi
- Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Saitama-shi, Saitama, Japan.
- College of Systems Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma-ku, Saitama-shi, Saitama, 337-8570, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nakamura M, Takeuchi K, Fukaya T, Nakao G, Konrad A, Mizuno T. Acute effects of static stretching on passive stiffness in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 117:105256. [PMID: 37951029 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Static stretching has been demonstrated to improve the health of older adults. One of its goals is to decrease passive stiffness of the muscle-tendon unit (MTU) and/or muscles. Decreased passive stiffness in older adults could increase the range of motion and movement efficiency. Herein, we conducted a meta-analysis of the acute effects of static stretching on passive stiffness in older adults as well as a meta-analysis of differences in these effects between older and young adults. BACKGROUND PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCO were searched for studies published before June 28, 2023. Manual searches were performed to identify additional studies. All included studies were critically reviewed by five authors. Meta-analyses of muscle and tendon injuries were performed using a random effect model. Of 4643 identified studies, 6 studies were included in the systematic review. RESULTS The main meta-analysis in older adults showed that static stretching could decrease the passive stiffness of the MTU or muscles (effect size, 0.55; 95 % confidence interval, 0.27 to 0.84; p < 0.01; and I2 = 0.0 %). Moreover, for the comparison between young and old adults, three studies were included in the meta-analysis. The results revealed no significant difference in the effects of static stretching interventions on stiffness between older and young adults (effect size, 0.136; 95 % confidence interval, -0.301 to 0.5738; p = 0.541; and I2 = 17.4 %). Static stretching could decrease the passive stiffness of the MTU and/or muscles in older adults to a small magnitude, and the effects were comparable between older and young adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Nakamura
- Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Nishi Kyushu University, 4490-9 Ozaki, Kanzaki, Saga 842-8585, Japan.
| | - Kosuke Takeuchi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Kobe International University, Kobe-shi, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Taizan Fukaya
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Social Work Studies, Josai International University, Togane, Chiba, Japan
| | - Gakuto Nakao
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan; Professional Post-Secondary Course (Physical Therapist), Sapporo Medical Technology, Welfare and Dentistry Professional Training College of Nishino Gakuen School Foundation, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Andreas Konrad
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Takamasa Mizuno
- Research Center of Health, Physical Fitness and Sports, Nagoya University, Nagoya-shi, Aichi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Iida N, Kuroiwa T, Amadio P. Analysis of the thenar muscles with ultrasound shear wave elastography: Reliability and preliminary findings. Muscle Nerve 2024; 69:72-77. [PMID: 37964671 DOI: 10.1002/mus.28004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/AIMS Ultrasound shear wave elastography (SWE) of the thenar muscles has the potential to provide a simple and noninvasive assessment of the severity of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), but its reliability is unknown. The purpose of this study was to assess the intra- and inter-rater reliability of SWE measurements of the elastic modulus of individual thenar muscles, to assess their suitability for clinical application. METHODS Fourteen healthy volunteers, seven male and seven female, participated in this study. The elastic modulus of the thenar muscles was measured with SWE, with two independent examiners to assess inter-rater reliability. The first examiner also performed a second measurement after an interval of least 1 day to assess intra-rater reliability. Reliability was evaluated using an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS For the abductor pollicis brevis (APB) and opponens pollicis (OPP), the CI of ICC in intra-rater reliability was 0.47-0.85 and 0.56-0.88, respectively. The CI of ICC in inter-rater reliability was 0.27-0.78 for the APB and 0.22-0.76 for the OPP. The ICCs of intra- and/or inter-rater reliability of other thenar muscles were less than 0.5. DISCUSSION In this study, SWE evaluations of thenar muscles were quite variable in terms of their reliability. A larger study will be needed to determine the source of this variability, improve reliability, and assess the value of SWE in the evaluation of the severity of CTS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Iida
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Tomoyuki Kuroiwa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Peter Amadio
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lim Y, Do Y, Lee H. Association between abdominal muscle stiffness, diaphragm thickness and peak expiratory flow in younger versus older adults. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2024; 44:63-69. [PMID: 37455250 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate forced expiration based on transverse abdominis (TrA) stiffness by identifying the relationship between TrA stiffness and peak expiratory flow (PEF) in both younger and older adults. We also assessed the relationship between diaphragm thickness and PEF. A total of 31 younger (21.24 ± 2.73 years) and 34 older (71.35 ± 5.26 years) adults were included in the present study. TrA muscle stiffness was measured at rest and during abdominal bracing using shear wave elastography. Diaphragm thickness was measured during deep inspiration and expiration using B-mode ultrasound, and respiratory function was assessed by measuring PEF using a spirometer. We found that TrA stiffness during bracing was significantly lower in older than younger adults (p < 0.05). Similarly, the difference in absolute stiffness of the TrA when bracing versus at rest was significantly lower in older than younger adults (p < 0.05). Additionally, TrA stiffness during bracing was positively associated with PEF in the younger group (r = 0.483), while a very weak correlation was found in the older group (r = 0.172). Similarly, PEF was moderately correlated with diaphragm thickness during expiration as well as during changes between inspiration and expiration in the younger group (r = 0.405 and r = 0.403); however, no significant correlation was found in the older group. These findings of the present study indicate that the variations in PEF between younger and older adults may be due to age-associated changes in the musculoskeletal structure and muscle fibre type.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youngeun Lim
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, College of Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yerim Do
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, College of Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Haneul Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, College of Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ateş F, Marquetand J, Zimmer M. Detecting age-related changes in skeletal muscle mechanics using ultrasound shear wave elastography. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20062. [PMID: 37974024 PMCID: PMC10654699 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47468-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging leads to a decline in muscle mass and force-generating capacity. Ultrasound shear wave elastography (SWE) is a non-invasive method to capture age-related muscular adaptation. This study assessed biceps brachii muscle (BB) mechanics, hypothesizing that shear elastic modulus reflects (i) passive muscle force increase imposed by length change, (ii) activation-dependent mechanical changes, and (iii) differences between older and younger individuals. Fourteen healthy volunteers aged 60-80 participated. Shear elastic modulus, surface electromyography, and elbow torque were measured at five elbow positions in passive and active states. Data collected from young adults aged 20-40 were compared. The BB passive shear elastic modulus increased from flexion to extension, with the older group exhibiting up to 52.58% higher values. Maximum elbow flexion torque decreased in extended positions, with the older group 23.67% weaker. Significant effects of elbow angle, activity level, and age on total and active shear elastic modulus were found during submaximal contractions. The older group had 20.25% lower active shear elastic modulus at 25% maximum voluntary contraction. SWE effectively quantified passive and activation-dependent BB mechanics, detecting age-related alterations at rest and during low-level activities. These findings suggest shear elastic modulus as a promising biomarker for identifying altered muscle mechanics in aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filiz Ateş
- Institute of Structural Mechanics and Dynamics in Aerospace Engineering, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Justus Marquetand
- Department of Epileptology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Neural Dynamics and Magnetoencephalography, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- MEG-Center, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Manuela Zimmer
- Institute of Structural Mechanics and Dynamics in Aerospace Engineering, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Robinson A, von Kleeck BW, Gayzik FS. Development and preliminary validation of computationally efficient and detailed 50th percentile female human body models. ACCIDENT; ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION 2023; 190:107182. [PMID: 37390749 DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2023.107182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE No vehicle testing standard (physical or computational) employs a mid-sized female human surrogate, despite discrepancies related to injury outcomes for female occupants amongst all vehicle users. We detail the design and preliminary validation of 50th percentile female (F50) computational human body models (HBMs) based on Global Human Body Models Consortium (GHBMC) models. METHOD Data for the target geometry was collected as part of the initial generation of GHBMC models. Imaging, surface data, and 15 anthropomorphic measures from a living female subject (60.8 kg and 1.61 m) served as the baseline for model development. Due to the role rib cage geometry plays in biomechanical loading, rib cage morphology from secondary retrospective data was leveraged to identify an average female rib cage based on gross anatomical features. A female rib cage was selected from an existing dataset closest to the mean depth, height, and width of the set, considering only those aged 20 - 50 years. The selected subject among this secondary set also exhibited a 7th rib angle and sternum angle within 5% of the mean measurements, and within the range of previously reported studies. The GHBMC 5th percentile, small female detailed (high biofidelity) and simplified (computationally efficient) models were morphed to match the F50 subject body surface, selected bones, and mean rib cage using established thin plate spline techniques. The models were validated vs. previously published literature studies with an emphasis on rib cage response. Model data was compared to 47 channels of experimental data across four biomechanical hub simulations, two sled test simulations (one of which included all female PMHS), and two robustness simulations to test stability. Model results were mass scaled to the average of the reported corridors. Objective evaluation was conducted using CORA. IRB approval was obtained for all prospective and retrospective data collected or used. The target rib cage was selected from retrospective image data used in prior studies (n = 339 chest CT scans). RESULTS The morphed HBMs closely matched the target geometry. The detailed and simplified models had masses and element counts of 61.2 kg and 61.8 kg, and 2.8 million and 0.3 million, respectively. The mass difference is due to a coarser mesh in the simplified model. The simplified model ran 23 times faster than the detailed model on the same hardware. Each model exhibited stability in robustness tests, and the average CORA scores were 0.80 and 0.72 in the detailed and simplified models, respectively. The models performed well in frontal impacts against PMHS corridors after mass scaling. CONCLUSIONS Numerous recent studies underscore poorer injury outcomes for female vehicle occupants compared to males. While such outcomes are multifactorial, the average female models introduced in this work offer a novel tool within a widely used family of HBMs to reduce the outcome gap in terms of injury for all drivers. HBMs can be deployed in safety studies or in future regulatory requirements faster and more economically than a resized or newly designed ATDs aimed at the same target population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Robinson
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, United States
| | - B Wade von Kleeck
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, United States
| | - F Scott Gayzik
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kobayashi K, Yagi M, Tateuchi H, Ota M, Umehara J, Sakata H, Okada S, Ichihashi N. Effect of age on shear modulus, muscle thickness, echo intensity of the upper limb, lower limb, and trunk muscles in healthy women. Eur J Appl Physiol 2023; 123:797-807. [PMID: 36462033 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-022-05099-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to examine the effect of age on the mechanical properties, muscle size, and muscle quality in the upper and lower limb and trunk muscles. METHODS We evaluated the shear modulus (G), muscle thickness (MT), and echo intensity (EI) of the upper and lower limb and trunk muscles of 83 healthy women (21-83-year-old). The G values of some limb muscles were measured in relaxed and stretched positions. RESULTS Regarding the effect of age on G at the distinct positions, the G of the upper limb muscles were not significantly correlated with age in the relaxed and stretched positions. In contrast, the G of the iliacus showed a significant negative correlation in both positions. Additionally, the G of the rectus femoris had a significant negative correlation only in the relaxed position. Regarding differences among body parts, the G of the lower limb and oblique abdominal muscles showed a significant negative correlation, but no correlation in the upper limb, rectus abdominis, and back muscles. Moreover, MT showed a significant negative correlation with age in the lower limb, abdominal, and erector spinae muscles, but no correlation was detected in the upper limb and lumbar multifidus muscles. EI had a significant positive correlation in all the muscles. CONCLUSION The effect of age on G depended on body parts, and the G of the lower limb and oblique abdominal muscles negatively associated with age. Additionally, G in the relaxed position may be more susceptible to aging than G in the stretched position.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kotono Kobayashi
- Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Masahide Yagi
- Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hiroshige Tateuchi
- Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Megumi Ota
- Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Jun Umehara
- Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Faculty of Rehabilitation, Kansai Medical University, 18-89 Uyama Higashimachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1136, Japan
| | - Haruka Sakata
- Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Sayaka Okada
- Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Noriaki Ichihashi
- Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shimizu K, Watanabe N, Yoneda M, Nishimura S, Kobayashi T. Determination of the reference range for semi-quantified elasticity of healthy supraspinatus muscles using real-time tissue elastography and its clinical use in patients after rotator cuff repair. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2023; 104:105945. [PMID: 36963202 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2023.105945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The quantitative assessment of healthy supraspinatus muscle elasticity may provide clinically useful preliminary information after rotator cuff repairs. We aimed to determine the reference range for supraspinatus muscle semi-quantified elasticity and describe how it can be used clinically after rotator cuff repair. METHODS The elasticity of healthy bilateral supraspinatus muscles in 43 participants aged between 24 and 75 years (categorized into two subgroups: <50 and ≥ 50 years) was measured as a strain ratio at 0° and 60° of shoulder abduction using real-time tissue elastography. The reference and modified reference ranges calculated by excluding outliers for elasticity were determined using normal distribution methods for logarithmically transformed data. The modified reference range was applied to eight cases of rotator cuff repair. FINDINGS Strain ratios under and over 50 years of age were 1.63 vs. 2.21 at 0° of shoulder abduction (P = 0.028) and 0.92 vs. 1.29 at 60° of shoulder abduction (P = 0.002), respectively. Modified reference ranges for under and over 50 years of age were 0.72-4.17 and 0.98-4.50 at 0° of shoulder abduction and 0.38-1.95 and 0.56-2.76 at 60° of shoulder abduction, respectively. Among eight cases, two showed strain ratios above the reference range at 1 month postoperatively, and rehabilitation protocols were adjusted. INTERPRETATION A strain ratio above the reference range, especially above the upper limit at 0° of shoulder abduction, may indicate increased passive stiffness of the musculotendinous unit. Clinically, the reference range has the potential to be used as a baseline after rotator cuff repairs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koshi Shimizu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Keyaki Clinic, Ishikawa, Japan; Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan.
| | - Natsuki Watanabe
- Department of Rehabilitation, KKR Hokuriku Hospital, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Mitsugu Yoneda
- Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical, and Health Science, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Seiji Nishimura
- Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical, and Health Science, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Kobayashi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hachioji Sports Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Becchetti C, Lange NF, Delgado MG, Brönnimann MP, Maurer MH, Dufour JF, Berzigotti A. 2D shear wave elastography of the rectus femoris muscle in patients with cirrhosis: Feasibility and clinical findings. A pilot study. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2023; 47:102080. [PMID: 36657524 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2023.102080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Frailty is frequent in cirrhosis and associated with skeletal muscle abnormalities and worse prognosis. 2D shear-wave elastography (2D-SWE) could mirror biomechanical properties of skeletal muscle reflecting muscle quality. However, there is no data on 2D-SWE on skeletal muscle stiffness assessment in cirrhosis and on frailty. METHODS Outpatients with cirrhosis were prospectively included in a single center. Skeletal muscle stiffness was studied at the rectus femoris by 2D-SWE. Ileo-psoas area and index (area/height2), and antero-posterior diameter of rectus femoris (RF) was measured on ultrasound. RESULTS We included 44 patients (24 male, age 59 [IQR 49-66]) with a median liver frailty index (LFI) of 3.7 (IQR 3.2-4.0). Measurement of RF muscle stiffness (RFMS) was feasible in all with high inter-measurement reproducibility. RFMS did not correlate with LFI, liver function and skeletal muscle diameters. Ileo-psoas index was lower in frail patients (1.7 vs 1.0 cm2/m2, p = 0.024). RF antero-posterior diameter inversely correlated with LFI (r -0.578: p<0.001). CONCLUSION RFMS by 2D-SWE is feasible and reproducible in cirrhosis and is independent of liver function and LFI, and warrants further studies in this setting. RF antero-posterior diameter could be reported as an objective parameter mirroring sarcopenia and frailty.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Becchetti
- Department for Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Naomi F Lange
- Department for Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Graduate School for Health Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Maria Gabriela Delgado
- Department for Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Michael P Brönnimann
- Department of Radiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin H Maurer
- Department of Radiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jean-François Dufour
- Department for Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Annalisa Berzigotti
- Department for Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Okyar Baş A, Baş H, Ceylan S, Güner Oytun M, Koca M, Hafızoğlu M, Şahiner Z, Öztürk Y, Balcı C, Doğu BB, Cankurtaran M, Halil MG. Changes in muscle quality identified by shear-wave elastography and association with sarcopenia. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2023; 47:253-264. [PMID: 36227071 DOI: 10.1002/jpen.2457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS This study aimed to investigate the potential role of shear-wave elastography (SWE) in evaluating muscle quality and assess its association with muscle strength and mass. METHODS A total of 129 patients aged 18-87 years were included. Patients aged >65 years underwent comprehensive geriatric assessment. Anthropometric measurements, assessment of physical performance, muscle strength (handgrip strength [HGS]), muscle mass (B-mode muscle ultrasonography), and muscle quality (identified via SWE) were performed for all patients. RESULTS The median (interquartile range) age of participants was 69 (59-76) years and 62% (n = 80) were female. According to HGS, patients were divided into normal and low HGS groups, and there were 85 (65.9%) and 44 (34.1%) patients in each group, respectively. The median average value of SWE measurement (Vmean ) of the rectus femoris (RF) in passive stretching was significantly lower in the low HGS group. In regression analyses, Vmean was significantly associated with HGS independently of age, sex, and body mass index. Optimal cutoff values of the Vmean value (m/s) of RF in passive stretching for predicting low HGS were ≤2.62 for male (area under the curve [AUC], 0.882; 95% CI, 0.705-0.938; P = <0.0001), and ≤2.52 for female (AUC, 0.719; 95% CI, 0.605-0.833; P = 0.002). CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study revealing SWE is a good predictor of muscle strength, and it could be a useful tool for evaluating muscle quality in clinical practice. Further randomized controlled studies are needed to confirm the presented cutoff values.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arzu Okyar Baş
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hakan Baş
- Department of Radiology, Ankara Gazi Mustafa Kemal Occupational and Environmental Diseases Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serdar Ceylan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Merve Güner Oytun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meltem Koca
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Merve Hafızoğlu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Şahiner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yelda Öztürk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cafer Balcı
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burcu Balam Doğu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Cankurtaran
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meltem Gülhan Halil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Oppold J, Breu MS, Gharabaghi A, Grimm A, Del Grosso NA, Hormozi M, Kleiser B, Klocke P, Kronlage C, Weiß D, Marquetand J. Ultrasound of the Biceps Muscle in Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease with Deep Brain Stimulation: Rigidity Can Be Quantified by Shear Wave Elastography. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13020213. [PMID: 36673022 PMCID: PMC9858214 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13020213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Rigidity in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is assessed by clinical scales, mostly the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale of the Movement Disorders Society (MDS-UPDRS). While the MDS-UPDRS-III ranges on an integer from 0 to 4, we investigated whether muscle ultrasound shear wave elastography (SWE) offers a refined assessment. Ten PD patients (five treated with deep brain stimulation (DBS) and levodopa, five with levodopa only) and ten healthy controls were included. Over a period of 80 min, both the SWE value and the item 22b-c of the MDS-UPDRS-III were measured at 5 min intervals. The measurements were performed bilaterally at the biceps brachii muscle (BB) and flexor digitorum profundus muscle in flexion and passive extension. Rigidity was modified and tracked under various therapeutic conditions (with and without medication/DBS). The feasibility of SWE for objective quantification was evaluated by correlation with the UPDRS-III: considering all positions and muscles, there was already a weak correlation (r = 0.01, p < 0.001)—in a targeted analysis, the BB in passive extension showed a markedly higher correlation (r = 0.494, p < 0.001). The application of dopaminergic medication and DBS resulted in statistically significant short-term changes in both clinical rigidity and SWE measurements in the BB (p < 0.001). We conclude that rigidity is reflected in the SWE measurements, indicating that SWE is a potential non-invasive quantitative assessment tool for PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Oppold
- Department of Epileptology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- MEG-Center, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Maria-Sophie Breu
- Department of Epileptology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alireza Gharabaghi
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurotechnology, Institute for Neuromodulation and Neurotechnology, University Hospital, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alexander Grimm
- Department of Epileptology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Mohammad Hormozi
- Centre for Neurology, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Benedict Kleiser
- Department of Epileptology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Philipp Klocke
- Centre for Neurology, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cornelius Kronlage
- Department of Epileptology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Daniel Weiß
- Centre for Neurology, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Justus Marquetand
- Department of Epileptology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- MEG-Center, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Neural Dynamics and Magnetoencephalography, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zurong Y, Yuandong L, Xiankui T, Fuhao M, Tang L, Junkun Z. Morphological and Mechanical Properties of Lower-Limb Muscles in Type 2 Diabetes: New Potential Imaging Indicators for Monitoring the Progress of DPN. Diabetes 2022; 71:2751-2763. [PMID: 36125913 DOI: 10.2337/db22-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore changes in morphological and mechanical properties of lower-limb skeletal muscles in patients with diabetes with and without diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and seek to find a potential image indicator for monitoring the progress of DPN in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A total of 203 patients with T2DM, with and without DPN, were included in this study. Ultrasonography and ultrasound shear wave imaging (USWI) of the abductor hallux (AbH), tibialis anterior (TA), and peroneal longus (PER) muscles were performed for each subject, and the shear wave velocity (SWV) and cross-sectional area (CSA) of each AbH, TA, and PER were measured. The clinical factors influencing AbH_CSA and AbH_SWV were analyzed, and the risk factors for DPN complications were investigated. AbH_CSA and AbH_SWV in the T2DM group with DPN decreased significantly (P < 0.05), but no significant differences were found in the SWV and CSA of the TA and PER between the two groups. Toronto Clinical Scoring System (CSS) score and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were independent predictors of AbH_CSA and AbH_SWV. As AbH_SWV and AbH_CSA decreased, Toronto CSS score and HbA1c increased and incidence of DPN increased significantly. In conclusion, the AbH muscle of T2DM patients with DPN became smaller and softer, while its morphological and mechanical properties were associated with the clinical indicators related to the progression of DPN. Thus, they could be potential imaging indicators for monitoring the progress of DPN in T2DM patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zurong
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li Yuandong
- College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tan Xiankui
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mo Fuhao
- College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liu Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhan Junkun
- Department of Geriatric, Institute of Aging and Geriatrics, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Davies DM, van den Handel K, Bharadwaj S, Lengefeld J. Cellular enlargement - A new hallmark of aging? Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1036602. [PMID: 36438561 PMCID: PMC9688412 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1036602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Years of important research has revealed that cells heavily invest in regulating their size. Nevertheless, it has remained unclear why accurate size control is so important. Our recent study using hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in vivo indicates that cellular enlargement is causally associated with aging. Here, we present an overview of these findings and their implications. Furthermore, we performed a broad literature analysis to evaluate the potential of cellular enlargement as a new aging hallmark and to examine its connection to previously described aging hallmarks. Finally, we highlight interesting work presenting a correlation between cell size and age-related diseases. Taken together, we found mounting evidence linking cellular enlargement to aging and age-related diseases. Therefore, we encourage researchers from seemingly unrelated areas to take a fresh look at their data from the perspective of cell size.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M. Davies
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kim van den Handel
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Soham Bharadwaj
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jette Lengefeld
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hirata K, Akagi R. Contribution of muscle stiffness of the triceps surae to passive ankle joint stiffness in young and older adults. Front Physiol 2022; 13:972755. [PMID: 36726380 PMCID: PMC9885261 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.972755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate whether triceps surae muscle stiffness is associated with passive ankle joint stiffness in 40 young (21-24 years) and older (62-83 years) males. Using ultrasound shear wave elastography, the shear modulus of each muscle of the triceps surae (the medial [MG], lateral gastrocnemius [LG], and soleus [Sol]) was assessed as muscle stiffness at the ankle neutral position (NP) and 15-degree dorsiflexed position (DF15) with the knee fully extended. Passive ankle joint stiffness at the NP and DF15 was calculated as the gradient of the angle-torque relationship at each joint angle during passive ankle dorsiflexion at 1°∙s-1 controlled by using an isokinetic dynamometer. Passive ankle joint stiffness was normalized by the body mass. There was no correlation between the absolute ankle joint stiffness and muscle shear modulus of triceps surae in the young and older groups at the NP (r ≤ 0.349, p ≥ 0.138). Significant positive correlations between absolute ankle joint stiffness and muscle shear modulus at DF15 were observed for MG and Sol in the young group (r ≥ 0.451, p ≤ 0.044) but not in the older group. The normalized ankle joint stiffness at the NP was significantly positively correlated with the LG shear modulus in young participants and with the MG and LG shear modulus in older participants (r ≥ 0.466 and p ≤ 0.039). There were significant positive correlations between the normalized ankle joint stiffness and the muscle shear modulus of the triceps surae at DF15 in young and older participants (r ≥ 0.464 and p ≤ 0.040), except for the MG shear modulus in older participants (r = 0.419 and p = 0.066). These results suggest that the material properties of the entire triceps surae, even Sol, which is the most compliant muscle among the triceps surae, affect passive ankle joint stiffness, especially when the triceps surae is lengthened and body size is considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Hirata
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan,*Correspondence: Kosuke Hirata, ; Ryota Akagi,
| | - Ryota Akagi
- Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Saitama, Japan,College of Systems Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Saitama, Japan,*Correspondence: Kosuke Hirata, ; Ryota Akagi,
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lortie J, Rush B, Osterbauer K, Colgan TJ, Tamada D, Garlapati S, Campbell TC, Traynor A, Leal T, Patel V, Helgager JJ, Lee K, Reeder SB, Kuchnia AJ. Myosteatosis as a Shared Biomarker for Sarcopenia and Cachexia Using MRI and Ultrasound. FRONTIERS IN REHABILITATION SCIENCES 2022; 3:896114. [PMID: 36189019 PMCID: PMC9397668 DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2022.896114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Establish bedside biomarkers of myosteatosis for sarcopenia and cachexia. We compared ultrasound biomarkers against MRI-based percent fat, histology, and CT-based muscle density among healthy adults and adults undergoing treatment for lung cancer. Methods We compared ultrasound and MRI myosteatosis measures among young healthy, older healthy, and older adults with non-small cell lung cancer undergoing systemic treatment, all without significant medical concerns, in a cross-sectional pilot study. We assessed each participant's rectus femoris ultrasound-based echo intensity (EI), shear wave elastography-based shear wave speed, and MRI-based proton density fat-fraction (PDFF). We also assessed BMI, rectus femoris thickness and cross-sectional area. Rectus femoris biopsies were taken for all older adults (n = 20) and we analyzed chest CT scans for older adults undergoing treatment (n = 10). We determined associations between muscle assessments and BMI, and compared these assessments between groups. Results A total of 10 young healthy adults, 10 older healthy adults, and 10 older adults undergoing treatment were recruited. PDFF was lower in young adults than in older healthy adults and older adults undergoing treatment (0.3 vs. 2.8 vs. 2.9%, respectively, p = 0.01). Young adults had significantly lower EI than older healthy adults, but not older adults undergoing treatment (48.6 vs. 81.8 vs. 75.4, p = 0.02). When comparing associations between measures, PDFF was strongly associated with EI (ρ = 0.75, p < 0.01) and moderately negatively associated with shear wave speed (ρ = −0.49, p < 0.01) but not BMI, whole leg cross-sectional area, or rectus femoris cross-sectional area. Among participants with CT scans, paraspinal muscle density was significantly associated with PDFF (ρ = −0.70, p = 0.023). Histological markers of inflammation or degradation did not differ between older adult groups. Conclusion PDFF was sensitive to myosteatosis between young adults and both older adult groups. EI was less sensitive to myosteatosis between groups, yet EI was strongly associated with PDFF unlike BMI, which is typically used in cachexia diagnosis. Our results suggest that ultrasound measures may serve to determine myosteatosis at the bedside and are more useful diagnostically than traditional weight assessments like BMI. These results show promise of using EI, shear wave speed, and PDFF proxies of myosteatosis as diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers of sarcopenia and cachexia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jevin Lortie
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- *Correspondence: Jevin Lortie
| | - Benjamin Rush
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Katie Osterbauer
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - T. J. Colgan
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Daiki Tamada
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Sujay Garlapati
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Toby C. Campbell
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Anne Traynor
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Ticiana Leal
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Viharkumar Patel
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jeffrey J. Helgager
- Department of Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Kenneth Lee
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Scott B. Reeder
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Adam J. Kuchnia
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Damanti S, Cilla M, Tuscano B, De Lorenzo R, Manganaro G, Merolla A, Pacioni G, Pomaranzi C, Tiraferri V, Martinenghi S, Vitali G, Bosi E, Conte C, Giustina A, Tresoldi M, Rovere Querini P. Evaluation of Muscle Mass and Stiffness with Limb Ultrasound in COVID-19 Survivors. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:801133. [PMID: 35250860 PMCID: PMC8892603 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.801133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND acute illnesses, like COVID-19, can act as a catabolic stimulus on muscles. So far, no study has evaluated muscle mass and quality through limb ultrasound in post-COVID-19 patients. METHODS cross sectional observational study, including patients seen one month after hospital discharge for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. The patients underwent a multidimensional evaluation. Moreover, we performed dominant medial gastrocnemius ultrasound (US) to characterize their muscle mass and quality. RESULTS two hundred fifty-nine individuals (median age 67, 59.8% males) were included in the study. COVID-19 survivors with reduced muscle strength had a lower muscle US thickness (1.6 versus 1.73 cm, p =0.02) and a higher muscle stiffness (87 versus 76.3, p = 0.004) compared to patients with normal muscle strength. Also, patients with reduced Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) scores had a lower muscle US thickness (1.3 versus 1.71 cm, p = 0.01) and a higher muscle stiffness (104.9 versus 81.07, p = 0.04) compared to individuals with normal SPPB scores. The finding of increased muscle stiffness was also confirmed in patients with a pathological value (≥ 4) at the sarcopenia screening tool SARC-F (103.0 versus 79.55, p < 0.001). Muscle stiffness emerged as a significant predictor of probable sarcopenia (adjusted OR 1.02, 95% C.I. 1.002 - 1.04, p = 0.03). The optimal ultrasound cut-offs for probable sarcopenia were 1.51 cm for muscle thickness (p= 0.017) and 73.95 for muscle stiffness (p = 0.004). DISCUSSION we described muscle ultrasound characteristics in post COVID-19 patients. Muscle ultrasound could be an innovative tool to assess muscle mass and quality in this population. Our preliminary findings need to be confirmed by future studies comparing muscle ultrasound with already validated techniques for measuring muscle mass and quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Damanti
- Unit of General Medicine and Advanced Care, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCSS) San Raffaele Institute, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Sarah Damanti,
| | - Marta Cilla
- Unit of General Medicine and Advanced Care, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCSS) San Raffaele Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Bruno Tuscano
- Unit of Radiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sabina Martinenghi
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCSS) Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Giordano Vitali
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCSS) Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Bosi
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCSS) Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Caterina Conte
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, Rome, Italy
- Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCSS) MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Giustina
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, San Raffaele Vita-Salute University, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCSS) San Raffaele Hospital, Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Moreno Tresoldi
- Unit of General Medicine and Advanced Care, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCSS) San Raffaele Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Rovere Querini
- Unit of Radiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Institute, Milan, Italy
- Department of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCSS) Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Passive mechanical properties of extrinsic foot muscles and Achilles tendon in adults with and without pes planus. J Biomech 2022; 133:110961. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2022.110961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
21
|
Do Y, Lall PS, Lee H. Assessing the Effects of Aging on Muscle Stiffness Using Shear Wave Elastography and Myotonometer. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9121733. [PMID: 34946459 PMCID: PMC8700831 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9121733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study investigated the differences in muscle stiffness between older and young adults at rest and during contraction. We also evaluated the differences in muscle stiffness assessments using a myotonometer (MyotonPRO) and shear wave elastography (SWE). Twenty-two older adults (mean age, 66.6 ± 1.6 years) and 23 young adults (mean age, 66.6 ± 1.6 years) participated in this study. Muscle stiffness of the tibialis anterior (TA) and medial gastrocnemius (MG) muscles at rest and during contraction were measured using SWE and the MyotonPRO. The stiffness increase rate (SIR) was also calculated to determine the absolute stiffness difference. The mean muscle stiffness of the TA and MG muscles was significantly lower in older adults than in young adults at rest and during contraction (p < 0.05). Similarly, the SIR values of the TA and MG were significantly lower in older adults than in young adults (p < 0.05). Our results indicate that both instruments could be used to quantify muscle stiffness changes and serve as a cornerstone for assessing aging-related losses in muscle function. Stiffness measures may help exercise professionals to develop an in-depth understanding of muscle impairment at the tissue level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Haneul Lee
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +(82)-32-820-4335; Fax: +(82)-32-820-4420
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Janczyk EM, Champigny N, Michel E, Raffaelli C, Annweiler C, Zory R, Guérin O, Sacco G. Sonoelastography to Assess Muscular Stiffness Among Older Adults and its Use for the Diagnosis of Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review. ULTRASCHALL IN DER MEDIZIN (STUTTGART, GERMANY : 1980) 2021; 42:634-642. [PMID: 33187010 DOI: 10.1055/a-1293-8057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Changes in muscle stiffness have been reported with sarcopenia. Sonoelastography is an accessible and non-radiating imaging technique allowing quantification of elastic properties of tissue. We performed a systematic review of the literature to investigate whether sonoelastography can be a reliable method to assess sarcopenia in older patients. We searched Medline, Google Scholar, Scopus, SpringerLink and Science direct from January 1, 1990 to April 1, 2020. Three independent review authors assessed trial eligibility, extracted the data, and assessed risk of bias. We intended to learn which types of elastography have been tested, if such measures are repeatable, and if they have been compared to the currently accepted diagnostic method. Ten studies met the inclusion criteria. Most followed a cross-sectional design with young and older adult subgroups. The gastrocnemius, rectus femoris, and vastus intermedius appeared most frequently. Nine of the included studies used shear wave elastography and one-strain elastography. The passive elastic constant was significantly greater in sarcopenic versus healthy subjects after passive stretching (124.98 ± 60.82 vs. 46.35 ± 15.85, P = 0.004). However, even in non-sarcopenic patients, the age of the patient was responsible for about 45.5 % of the variance in SWV. Among ten included articles, four reported higher stiffness in the muscles of older adults, two reported lower stiffness, and four found no significant difference. Due to the substantial heterogenicity of actual data, we could not make any conclusions about the potential usefulness of elastography to assess sarcopenia. Further studies are needed, including a larger sample of older patients and using a standardized and reproducible protocol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Magdalena Janczyk
- Department of Therapeutic and Geriatric Medicine, University Hospital Centre of Nice, Côte d'Azur University, Nice, France
| | - Noémie Champigny
- Department of Therapeutic and Geriatric Medicine, University Hospital Centre of Nice, Côte d'Azur University, Nice, France
| | - Emeline Michel
- Department of Therapeutic and Geriatric Medicine, University Hospital Centre of Nice, Côte d'Azur University, Nice, France
- LAMHESS UPR 6312, Côte d'Azur University, Nice, France
| | - Charles Raffaelli
- Department of Ultrasounds, University Hospital Centre of Nice, Côte d'Azur University, Nice, France
| | - Cédric Annweiler
- Robarts Research Institute, Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, Canada
- UPRES EA 4638, University of Angers, France
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Memory Clinic, Research Center on Autonomy and Longevity, University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Raphael Zory
- LAMHESS UPR 6312, Côte d'Azur University, Nice, France
| | - Olivier Guérin
- Department of Therapeutic and Geriatric Medicine, University Hospital Centre of Nice, Côte d'Azur University, Nice, France
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging Nice (IRCAN) CNRS UMR 7284/INSERM U108, Côte d'Azur University, Nice, France
| | - Guillaume Sacco
- UPRES EA 4638, University of Angers, France
- Research Center Edmon and Lily Safra, Memory Clinic, University Hospital Centre Nice, Côte d'Azur University, Nice, France
- CoBTek Lab UPR 7276, Côte d'Azur University, Nice, France
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kim J, Ryu JA, Lee J. Quantification of the Elastic Property of Normal Thigh Muscles Using MR Elastography: Our Initial Experience. TAEHAN YONGSANG UIHAKHOE CHI 2021; 82:1556-1564. [PMID: 36238872 PMCID: PMC9431979 DOI: 10.3348/jksr.2020.0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to apply MR elastography (MRE) to achieve in vivo evaluation of the elastic properties of thigh muscles and validate the feasibility of quantifying the elasticity of normal thigh muscles using MRE. Materials and Methods This prospective study included 10 volunteer subjects [mean age, 32.5 years, (range, 23-45 years)] who reported normal activities of daily living and underwent both T2-weighted axial images and MRE of thigh muscles on the same day. A sequence with a motion-encoding gradient was used in the MRE to map the propagating shear waves in the muscle. Elastic properties were quantified as the shear modulus of the following four thigh muscles at rest; the vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, adductor magnus, and biceps femoris. Results The mean shear modulus was 0.98 ± 0.32 kPa and 1.00 ± 0.33 kPa for the vastus medialis, 1.10 ± 0.46 kPa and 1.07 ± 0.43 kPa for the vastus lateralis, 0.91 ± 0.41 kPa and 0.93 ± 0.47 kPa for the adductor magnus, and 0.99 ± 0.37 kPa and 0.94 ± 0.32 kPa for the biceps femoris, with reader 1 and 2, respectively. No significant difference was observed in the shear modulus based on sex (p < 0.05). Aging consistently showed a statistically significant negative correlation (p < 0.05) with the shear modulus of the thigh muscles, except for the vastus medialis (p = 0.194 for reader 1 and p = 0.355 for reader 2). Conclusion MRE is a quantitative technique used to measure the elastic properties of individual muscles with excellent inter-observer agreement. Age was consistently significantly negatively correlated with the shear stiffness of muscles, except for the vastus medialis.
Collapse
|
24
|
Pinel S, Kelp NY, Bugeja JM, Bolsterlee B, Hug F, Dick TJM. Quantity versus quality: Age-related differences in muscle volume, intramuscular fat, and mechanical properties in the triceps surae. Exp Gerontol 2021; 156:111594. [PMID: 34673171 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
With aging comes reductions in the quality and size of skeletal muscle. These changes influence the force-generating capacity of skeletal muscle and contribute to movement deficits that accompany aging. Although declines in strength remain a significant barrier to mobility in older adults, the association between age-related changes in muscle structure and function remain unresolved. In this study, we compared age-related differences in (i) muscle volume and architecture, (ii) the quantity and distribution of intramuscular fat, and (iii) muscle shear modulus (an index of stiffness) in the triceps surae in 21 younger (24.6 ± 4.3 years) and 15 older (70.4 ± 2.4 years) healthy adults. Additionally, we explored the relationship between muscle volume, architecture, intramuscular fat and ankle plantar flexion strength in young and older adults. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to determine muscle volume and intramuscular fat content. B-mode ultrasound was used to quantify muscle architecture, shear-wave elastography was used to measure shear modulus, and ankle strength was measured during maximal isometric plantar flexion contractions. We found that older adults displayed higher levels of intramuscular fat yet similar muscle volumes in the medial (MG) and lateral gastrocnemius (LG) and soleus, compared to younger adults. These age-related higher levels of intramuscular fat were associated with lower muscle shear modulus in the LG and MG. We also found that muscle physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA) that accounted for age-associated differences in intramuscular fat showed a modest increase in its association with ankle strength compared to PCSA that did not account for fat content. This highlights that skeletal muscle fat infiltration plays a role in age-related strength deficits, but does not fully explain the age-related loss in muscle strength, suggesting that other factors play a more significant role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Pinel
- The University of Queensland, School of Biomedical Sciences, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; The University of Groningen, Faculty of Medicine, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole Y Kelp
- The University of Queensland, School of Biomedical Sciences, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jessica M Bugeja
- The University of Queensland, School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Australian e-Health Research Centre, CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Bart Bolsterlee
- Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Randwick, New South Wales, Australia; University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia; Queensland University of Technology, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - François Hug
- The University of Queensland, School of Biomedical Sciences, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; University of New South Wales, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France; Université Côte d'Azur, LAMHESS, Nice, France
| | - Taylor J M Dick
- The University of Queensland, School of Biomedical Sciences, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Xu J, Fu SN, Hug F. Age-related increase in muscle stiffness is muscle length dependent and associated with muscle force in senior females. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021; 22:829. [PMID: 34579696 PMCID: PMC8477537 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-021-04519-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In aging, muscle stiffness is considered as one of the factors associated with the reduction of force generation capability. There have been inconsistent findings on age-related alteration in the passive stiffness of quadriceps muscle in the female adults. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of aging on the shear moduli of the superficial muscle heads of the quadriceps and to explore its relationship with knee extension force. Methods Passive shear moduli of the rectus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis (VL), and vastus medialis (VM) were measured at rest using shear wave elastography in 20 young and 20 senior female adults. Measurements were repeated at four knee joint positions, that is, 30°, 60°, 90°, and 105° of knee flexion. Maximal isometric voluntary knee extension force was assessed at 30°, 60°, and 90° of knee flexion. Results As per our findings, senior adults were determined to have significantly higher passive muscle shear moduli in the RF (by 34% – 68%; all p < 0.05) and the VL muscle heads (by 13%–16%, all p < 0.05) at and beyond 60° of knee flexion. Age-related increase in the VM was evident at 105° knee flexion (by11%, p = 0.020). The RF shear modulus was negatively correlated to the maximal isometric voluntary contraction force measured at 60° (r = − 0.485, p = 0.030) in senior adults. Conclusions Senior female adults had greater passive stiffness at the superficial muscle heads of the quadriceps muscles when measured at long muscle length. Among the senior female adults, the passive stiffness of RF has been determined to have a negative association with the knee extensor force only at 60° knee flexion. No significant association was noted for other angles and muscles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingfei Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.,Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Yuk Choi Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.,Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Siu Ngor Fu
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Yuk Choi Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - François Hug
- University of Nantes, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Laboratory "Movement, Interactions, Performance" (EA 4334), Nantes, France.,InstitutUniversitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Olchowy A, Więckiewicz M, Malysa A, Olchowy C. Determination of Reference Values of the Masseter Muscle Stiffness in Healthy Adults Using Shear Wave Elastography. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18179371. [PMID: 34501961 PMCID: PMC8430510 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Shear wave elastography (SWE) is an objective and reliable method for the assessment of muscles and internal organs. Every organ exhibits its own stiffness characteristics and hence requires individual reference values. We aimed to determine the reference values of stiffness of the masseter muscle in healthy adult individuals using SWE. We analyzed the data of 140 participants (74 men, 66 women) with a median age of 50 years. The overall mean elasticity was 10.67 ± 1.77 kPa. The average values were lower by 2.25 kPa (9.15%) in women compared to men (9.48 ± 1.47 kPa vs. 11.73 ± 1.27 kPa; p < 0.0001). The values of stiffness increased with age, with a correlation coefficient of about 0.35 and a p < 0.0001. Age was a significant influencing factor of masseter muscle stiffness. The left and right masseters had similar stiffness. We conclude that stiffness values are significantly lower in women than in men with a difference of 9%. Age significantly influences the stiffness of masseter muscle, and the values of stiffness increase significantly with age, particularly in men. However, further studies are required to determine the precise ranges of stiffness accounting for age and sex in healthy subjects and people with disorders and conditions of the masticatory system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Olchowy
- Department of Experimental Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.O.); (M.W.); (A.M.)
| | - Mieszko Więckiewicz
- Department of Experimental Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.O.); (M.W.); (A.M.)
| | - Andrzej Malysa
- Department of Experimental Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.O.); (M.W.); (A.M.)
| | - Cyprian Olchowy
- Department of Oral Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yin L, Du L, Li Y, Xiao Y, Zhang S, Ma H, He W. Quantitative Evaluation of Gastrocnemius Medialis Stiffness During Passive Stretching Using Shear Wave Elastography in Patients with Parkinson's Disease: A Prospective Preliminary Study. Korean J Radiol 2021; 22:1841-1849. [PMID: 34431245 PMCID: PMC8546131 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2020.1338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To prospectively investigate the feasibility of shear wave elastography (SWE) as a new quantitative and objective method for evaluating the stiffness of the gastrocnemius medialis (GM) muscle during passive stretching in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Materials and Methods SWE of the GM muscle was performed in 28 patients with PD [13 female and 15 male; mean age ± standard deviation (SD): 63.0 ± 8.5 years] and 12 healthy controls (5 female and 7 male; mean age ± SD: 59.3 ± 6.4 years) during passive ankle rotation. A Young's modulus-ankle angle curve was constructed. The GM slack angle and baseline Young's modulus (E0) were compared between the markedly symptomatic and mildly symptomatic sides of patients with PD, and healthy controls. Additionally, the correlation between the GM slack angle and the severity of rigidity, and the observer reproducibility of SWE in determining the GM slack angle were evaluated. Results The GM slack angle was smaller on both the markedly and mildly symptomatic sides in patients with PD than in healthy controls (mean ± SD of −29.13° ± 3.79° and −25.65° ± 3.39°, respectively, vs. −21.22° ± 3.52°; p < 0.001 and p = 0.006, respectively). Additionally, in patients with PD, the GM slack angle on the markedly symptomatic side was smaller than that on the mildly symptomatic side (p = 0.003). The E0 value was lower on both the markedly and mildly symptomatic sides in patients with PD than in healthy controls (mean ± SD of 10.11 ± 2.85 kPa and 10.08 ± 1.88 kPa, respectively, vs. 12.23 ± 1.02 kPa; p = 0.012 and p < 0.001, respectively). However, no significant difference was found between the markedly and mildly symptomatic sides in patients with PD (p = 0.634). A negative linear relationship was observed between the GM slack angle and lower limb rigidity score on the markedly symptomatic side in patients with PD (r = −0.719; p < 0.001). The intraclass correlation coefficients for observer reproducibility of SWE ranged from 0.880 to 0.951. Conclusion The slack angle determined by SWE may be a useful quantitative and reproducible method for evaluating muscle stiffness in patients with PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yin
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lijuan Du
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanzi Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shiquan Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huizi Ma
- Center for Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen He
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Maeda A, Yamagishi M, Otsuka Y, Izumo T, Rogi T, Shibata H, Fukuda M, Arimitsu T, Yamada Y, Miyamoto N, Hashimoto T. Characteristics of the Passive Muscle Stiffness of the Vastus Lateralis: A Feasibility Study to Assess Muscle Fibrosis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18178947. [PMID: 34501539 PMCID: PMC8430484 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18178947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle fibrosis occurs with aging and has been suggested to impair muscle performance, thereby decreasing quality of life. Recently, muscle stiffness, a surrogate measure of muscle fibrosis, was noninvasively quantified as the shear modulus using ultrasound shear wave elastography (SWE) in humans. We aimed to investigate thigh muscle stiffness in females and males, respectively, across a broad range of ages by using SWE. Eighty-six community-dwelling Japanese people who were aged 30 to 79 years and did not regularly exercise participated in this study. The vastus lateralis (VL) shear modulus was measured at three different knee joint angles: full extension, 90° of flexion, and full flexion. There were no significant main effects of sex or age on the VL shear modulus in full extension or 90° of flexion of the knee. However, the VL shear modulus in knee full flexion was significantly smaller in females than in males and increased with age from 47.9 years. The results suggest that the accelerated increase in VL stiffness that occurs after an individual passes their late 40s may be an important therapeutic target for developing effective treatments and programs that preserve and improve quality of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akifumi Maeda
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan; (A.M.); (M.Y.); (T.A.)
- Suntory Global Innovation Center Ltd., Research Institute, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
| | - Maito Yamagishi
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan; (A.M.); (M.Y.); (T.A.)
| | - Yuta Otsuka
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Ltd., Kyoto 619-0284, Japan; (Y.O.); (T.I.); (T.R.); (H.S.)
| | - Takayuki Izumo
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Ltd., Kyoto 619-0284, Japan; (Y.O.); (T.I.); (T.R.); (H.S.)
| | - Tomohiro Rogi
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Ltd., Kyoto 619-0284, Japan; (Y.O.); (T.I.); (T.R.); (H.S.)
| | - Hiroshi Shibata
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Ltd., Kyoto 619-0284, Japan; (Y.O.); (T.I.); (T.R.); (H.S.)
| | | | - Takuma Arimitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan; (A.M.); (M.Y.); (T.A.)
- Undergraduate Department of Human Health, Faculty of Health Care, Hachinohe Gakuin University, Aomori 031-8588, Japan
| | - Yosuke Yamada
- National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan;
| | - Naokazu Miyamoto
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan;
| | - Takeshi Hashimoto
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan; (A.M.); (M.Y.); (T.A.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Age Related Changes of Superior Orbicularis Oris Muscle in Terms of Tone and Viscoelastic Properties. J Craniofac Surg 2021; 33:236-239. [PMID: 34261972 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000007992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the age-related changes in the viscoelastic properties and tone of the superior orbicularis oris muscle by a portablehand-held myotonometer. METHODS A total of 128 individuals (65 female, 63 male) who met the inclusion criteria were evaluated. Individuals were divided into 2 groups as under 40 years old (Group 1), and above (Group 2). The viscoelastic properties and muscle tone of orbicularis oris muscle were evaluated bilaterally in supine position with the Myoton PRO (Myoton AS, Estonia) device from the skin overlying the orbicularis oris. The reference point is accepted as the right and left paramedial philtrum dimple. The statistical analysis was performed. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference in the elasticity values of the right and left orbicularis oris muscles of the Group 1 and Group 2 individuals. There was a difference between the groups when the tone and stiffness values of both groups were compared. It was determined that individuals over the age of 40 had higher muscle tone and stiffness. All mechanical properties of the superior orbicularis oris muscle between the male and female individuals in Group 1 were different. The values are higher in the female gender. The elasticity values in both genders in Group 2 were similar. Tone and stiffness parameters were different between genders. CONCLUSIONS Myoton PRO can be recommended as an alternative device in the quantitative evaluations of post-operative follow-ups, and pre/post rehabilitation in terms of viscoelastic parameters of the muscle.
Collapse
|
30
|
Yanase K, Ikezoe T, Nakamura M, Saeki J, Yagi M, Hirono T, Tamezawa T, Motomura Y, Ibuki S, Ichihashi N. Effective muscle elongation positions for the neck extensor muscles: An ultrasonic shear wave elastography study. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2021; 60:102569. [PMID: 34298283 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2021.102569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to clarify the effective stretching positions for neck extensor muscles. Fifteen healthy men were measured shear moduli of the right neck extensor muscles using ultrasound shear wave elastography in following positions: rest (Rest), flexion (Flex), contralateral bending (Bend), flexion + contralateral bending (Flex → Bend), flexion + contralateral bending + contralateral rotation (Flex → Bend → ConRot), and flexion + contralateral bending + ipsilateral rotation (Flex → Bend → IpsRot). The increase in the shear modulus indicated a greater muscle elongation. Regarding the upper trapezius and splenius capitis, the shear moduli at Flex → Bend, Flex → Bend → ConRot, and Flex → Bend → IpsRot were significantly higher than those at Rest. The shear moduli at stretching positions, including contralateral bending, were significantly higher than those at Rest and Flex in the levator scapulae. The results indicated that the stretching position with a combination of flexion and contralateral bending could be effective for elongation of the upper trapezius and splenius capitis. Furthermore, the stretching positions including contralateral bending could be effective for the levator scapulae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ko Yanase
- Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Japan; Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Tome Ikezoe
- Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Faculty of Rehabilitation, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Nakamura
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Junya Saeki
- Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahide Yagi
- Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hirono
- Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Tamezawa
- Section of Rehabilitation, Kanazawa University Hospital, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Motomura
- Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoko Ibuki
- Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Noriaki Ichihashi
- Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Setlock CA, Lulic-Kuryllo T, Leonardis JM, Kulik M, Lipps DB. Age and sex influence the activation-dependent stiffness of the pectoralis major. J Anat 2021; 239:479-488. [PMID: 34009684 PMCID: PMC8273609 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The pectoralis major fiber regions contribute uniquely to the mobility and the stability of the shoulder complex. It is unknown how age and sex influence the stiffness of these regions during volitional contractions, but this knowledge is critical to inform clinical interventions targeting the pectoralis major. The aim of the present study was to determine if the activation-dependent stiffness of the pectoralis major fiber regions differs between the sexes and if it is altered with age. Ultrasound shear wave elastography was used to acquire shear wave velocity from the clavicular and the sternocostal fiber regions of 48 healthy participants, including 24 younger (12 males, 12 females, mean ± SD age 25 ± 4.1 years) and 24 older adults (12 males, 12 females, 55 ± 3.6 years). Participants performed vertical adduction and horizontal flexion torques in neutral and 90° externally rotated shoulder positions, and one of the two shoulder abduction positions (60° and 90°) at varying torque magnitudes (passive, 15% and 30% of maximal voluntary contraction). Separate linear mixed-effects models were run for each fiber region and shoulder position to determine if the activation-dependent stiffness differed between the sexes and was altered in older adults. Age-related alterations in stiffness during volitional contractions were observed in both fiber regions and were dependent on the task. Alterations in activation-dependent stiffness due to age were more pronounced in females than males. Additionally, females had greater stiffness than males during volitional contractions in both fiber regions. The present findings provide the first line of evidence that the activation-dependent stiffness of the pectoralis major fiber regions is influenced by sex and changes with age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl A Setlock
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Madison Kulik
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - David B Lipps
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Agyapong-Badu S, Warner MB, Samuel D, Koutra V, Stokes M. Non-Invasive Biomarkers of Musculoskeletal Health with High Discriminant Ability for Age and Gender. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10071352. [PMID: 33805889 PMCID: PMC8036700 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10071352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel approach to ageing studies assessed the discriminatory ability of a combination of routine physical function tests and novel measures, notably muscle mechanical properties and thigh composition (ultrasound imaging) to classify healthy individuals according to age and gender. The cross-sectional study included 138 community-dwelling, self-reported healthy males and females (65 young, mean age ± SD = 25.7 ± 4.8 years; 73 older, 74.9 ± 5.9 years). Handgrip strength; quadriceps strength; respiratory peak flow; timed up and go; stair climbing time; anterior thigh tissue thickness; muscle stiffness, tone, elasticity (Myoton technology), and self-reported health related quality of life (SF36) were assessed. Stepwise feature selection using cross-validation with linear discriminant analysis was used to classify cases based on criterion variable derived from known effects of age on physical function. A model was trained and features selected using 126 cases with 0.92 accuracy (95% CI = 0.86–0.96; Kappa = 0.89). The final model included five features (peak flow, timed up and go, biceps brachii elasticity, anterior thigh muscle thickness, and percentage thigh muscle) with high sensitivity (0.82–0.96) and specificity (0.94–0.99). The most sensitive novel biomarkers require no volition, highlighting potentially useful tests for screening and monitoring effects of interventions on musculoskeletal health for vulnerable older people with pain or cognitive impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Agyapong-Badu
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)-2380-596868
| | - Martin B. Warner
- School of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK; (M.B.W.); (D.S.); (V.K.); (M.S.)
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Research versus Arthritis, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Dinesh Samuel
- School of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK; (M.B.W.); (D.S.); (V.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Vasiliki Koutra
- School of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK; (M.B.W.); (D.S.); (V.K.); (M.S.)
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Research versus Arthritis, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Maria Stokes
- School of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK; (M.B.W.); (D.S.); (V.K.); (M.S.)
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Research versus Arthritis, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Hirata K, Yamadera R, Akagi R. Associations between Range of Motion and Tissue Stiffness in Young and Older People. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2021; 52:2179-2188. [PMID: 32348099 PMCID: PMC7497479 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental digital content is available in the text. Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in the associations between passive ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (ROM) and stiffness of the triceps surae, sciatic nerve, and deep fascia located in the posterior leg between young and older people. Methods Twenty young and twenty older males were recruited and were placed in a prone position with their hip and knee fully extended. Passive ankle dorsiflexion ROM was determined based on the onset of pain during passive dorsiflexion at 1°·s−1 using an isokinetic dynamometer. Shear wave speeds (as a stiffness index) of the triceps surae, the sciatic nerve, and the deep fascia in the posterior leg were evaluated by ultrasound shear wave elastography. Results The shear wave speeds of the medial and lateral gastrocnemius measured at 15° dorsiflexion correlated negatively with passive ROM in young but not in older participants. The shear wave speed of the sciatic nerve measured at 15° dorsiflexion correlated negatively with passive ROM only in older participants. No association was observed between passive ROM and shear wave speed of the deep fascia in the posterior leg. For data measured at maximal dorsiflexion angle (as an index of stretch tolerance), shear wave speeds of the triceps surae and passive joint torque correlated positively with passive ROM in both groups. Conclusion These results suggest that the tissues limiting passive ankle dorsiflexion ROM are muscle and nerve for young and older people, respectively, whereas stretch tolerance influences passive ROM for both groups. This implies that the relative contribution of nonmuscular tissues to joint flexibility become stronger than that of muscles with age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryosuke Yamadera
- College of Systems Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Saitama-shi, Saitama, JAPAN
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Nakamura M, Sato S, Kiyono R, Yahata K, Yoshida R, Fukaya T, Konrad A. Comparison of the Acute Effects of Hold-Relax and Static Stretching among Older Adults. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10020126. [PMID: 33562673 PMCID: PMC7914644 DOI: 10.3390/biology10020126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary It is well known that stretching interventions are effective in improving age-related changes in range of motion (ROM) and muscle stiffness. We investigated the effects of various stretching interventions, such as static stretching and hold–relax stretching, on ROM and muscle stiffness in older adults to establish the most effective stretching technique. Our results showed that static stretching and hold–relax stretching increased ROM, which could be contributed by not change in muscle stiffness, but stretch tolerance. Conversely, medial gastrocnemius muscle stiffness decreased only after a static stretching intervention and not after hold–relax stretching. Our results indicated that static stretching intervention improved ROM and muscle stiffness in older adults. Abstract Various stretching techniques are generally recommended to counteract age-related declines in range of motion (ROM) and/or increased muscle stiffness. However, to date, an effective stretching technique has not yet been established for older adults. Consequently, we compared the acute effects of hold relax stretching (HRS) and static stretching (SS) on dorsiflexion (DF) ROM and muscle stiffness among older adults. Overall, 15 elderly men and nine elderly women (70.2 ± 3.9 years, 160.8 ± 7.8 cm, 59.6 ± 9.7 kg) were enrolled, and both legs were randomized to either HRS or SS stretching. We measured DF ROM and muscle stiffness using a dynamometer and ultrasonography before and after 120 s of HRS or SS interventions. Our multivariate analysis indicated no significant interaction effects, but a main effect for DF ROM. Post-hoc tests revealed that DF ROM was increased after both HRS and SS interventions. Moreover, multivariate analysis showed a significant interaction effect for muscle stiffness. Post-hoc tests revealed that muscle stiffness was decreased significantly after only SS intervention. Taken together, our results indicated that both HRS and SS interventions are recommended to increase ROM, and SS is recommended to decrease muscle stiffness in older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Nakamura
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, 1398 Shimami-cho, Kita-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 950-3198, Japan; (M.N.); (S.S.); (R.K.); (K.Y.); (T.F.)
- Department of Physical Therapy, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, 1398 Shimami-cho, Kita-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 950-3198, Japan;
| | - Shigeru Sato
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, 1398 Shimami-cho, Kita-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 950-3198, Japan; (M.N.); (S.S.); (R.K.); (K.Y.); (T.F.)
| | - Ryosuke Kiyono
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, 1398 Shimami-cho, Kita-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 950-3198, Japan; (M.N.); (S.S.); (R.K.); (K.Y.); (T.F.)
| | - Kaoru Yahata
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, 1398 Shimami-cho, Kita-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 950-3198, Japan; (M.N.); (S.S.); (R.K.); (K.Y.); (T.F.)
| | - Riku Yoshida
- Department of Physical Therapy, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, 1398 Shimami-cho, Kita-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 950-3198, Japan;
| | - Taizan Fukaya
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, 1398 Shimami-cho, Kita-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 950-3198, Japan; (M.N.); (S.S.); (R.K.); (K.Y.); (T.F.)
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kyoto Kujo Hospital, 10 Karahashirajoumoncho, Minami-ku, Kyoto 601-8453, Japan
| | - Andreas Konrad
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, University of Graz, Mozartgasse 14, A-8010 Graz, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-316-380-8336; Fax: +43-316-380-9790
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Nakamura M, Kiyono R, Sato S, Yahata K, Fukaya T, Nishishita S, Konrad A. The Associations between Rapid Strength Development and Muscle Stiffness in Older Population. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:80. [PMID: 33467735 PMCID: PMC7830458 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9010080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies suggest that the capacity for rapid force production of ankle plantar flexors is essential for the prevention of falls in the elderly. In healthy young adults, there were significant associations between rate of force development and muscle stiffness measured by shear wave elastography. However, there has been no study investigating the association of rate of force development with shear elastic modulus in older adults. METHODS The muscle strength and shear elastic modulus of the medial gastrocnemius muscle in both legs were measured in 17 elderly men and 10 elderly women (mean ± SD; 70.7 ± 4.1 years; 160.6 ± 8.0 cm; 58.7 ± 9.5 kg). We investigated the rate of force development of plantar flexors and shear elastic modulus of medial gastrocnemius muscle using by shear wave elastography. RESULTS Our results showed that there were no significant associations between normalized rate of force development and shear elastic modulus of medial gastrocnemius muscle. CONCLUSION This suggests that the capacity of rapid force production could be related not to muscle stiffness of the medial gastrocnemius muscle, but to neuromuscular function in older individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Nakamura
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan; (M.N.); (R.K.); (S.S.); (K.Y.); (T.F.)
- Department of Physical Therapy, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kiyono
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan; (M.N.); (R.K.); (S.S.); (K.Y.); (T.F.)
| | - Shigeru Sato
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan; (M.N.); (R.K.); (S.S.); (K.Y.); (T.F.)
| | - Kaoru Yahata
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan; (M.N.); (R.K.); (S.S.); (K.Y.); (T.F.)
| | - Taizan Fukaya
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan; (M.N.); (R.K.); (S.S.); (K.Y.); (T.F.)
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kyoto Kujo Hospital, Kyoto 601-8453, Japan
| | - Satoru Nishishita
- Institute of Rehabilitation Science, Tokuyukai Medical Corporation, Osaka 560-0054, Japan;
- Kansai Rehabilitation Hospital, Tokuyukai Medical Corporation, Osaka 560-0054, Japan
| | - Andreas Konrad
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, University of Graz, Graz A-8010, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Chen Y, Wang B, Xiao L, Li Y, Luo Y. Changes in Muscle Mass in Patients With Renal Transplants Based on Ultrasound: A Prospective Study. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2020; 40:1637-1648. [PMID: 33215772 DOI: 10.1002/jum.15552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This original research aimed to investigate the value of ultrasound (US), including grayscale US and shear wave elastography (SWE), in quantitatively evaluating muscle mass after kidney transplantation. METHODS A total of 52 patients and 54 healthy control participants were recruited. High-frequency US was used to evaluate the echo intensity and muscle morphologic features. Muscle stiffness in the rectus femoris was assessed with SWE. Interclass and intraclass correlation coefficients were used for evaluating measurement reliability. The diagnostic performance of SWE was determined by a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. RESULTS The intraobserver and interobserver repeatability was excellent (all correlation coefficients >0.940; P < .05). The best evaluation point after right iliac fossa transplantation was at the lower third of the right leg. In patients, the skin (0.154 versus 0.192 cm) and rectus femoris (0.700 versus 0.905 cm) were thinner, and the pinnate angle (6.500° versus 8.000°) and area (0.965 versus 1.270 cm2 ) were smaller (all P < .05). The US results showed that, compared with the controls, all patients' rectus femoris echo intensity (P < .001 in the transverse section) and elastic modulus (P < .001 in the Young modulus and shear wave speed) increased significantly. The cutoff values were 10.05 and 10.37, and the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves were 0.843 and 0.845 for predicting kidney transplant and sarcopenia, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This noninvasive and convenient technique might be effective for objectively evaluating the muscle mass of patients after kidney transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Ministry of Education, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lian Xiao
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongjie Li
- Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Ministry of Education, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Bastijns S, De Cock AM, Vandewoude M, Perkisas S. Usability and Pitfalls of Shear-Wave Elastography for Evaluation of Muscle Quality and Its Potential in Assessing Sarcopenia: A Review. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2020; 46:2891-2907. [PMID: 32843232 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2020.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is age-related progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength. Its prevalence is rising, which poses a burden for society because it increases disability and dependency and therefore raises health care costs. Muscle mass quality, however-an essential part of sarcopenia-is not easily diagnosable yet. Recent interest has risen for ultrasonographic evaluation of muscle. This review introduces muscle elastography as a possible, easy and cheap tool to evaluate qualitative muscle parameters. Basic principles of muscle elastography are described, as well as different elastography techniques and some technical considerations. Furthermore, a proposal for practical guidelines is offered and factors influencing muscle stiffness are highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Bastijns
- Department of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Ziekenhuisnetwerk Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Anne-Marie De Cock
- Department of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Ziekenhuisnetwerk Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Maurits Vandewoude
- Department of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Ziekenhuisnetwerk Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Belgian Ageing Muscle Society, Liege, Belgium
| | - Stany Perkisas
- Department of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Ziekenhuisnetwerk Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium; Belgian Ageing Muscle Society, Liege, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Sadeghi S, Bible JE, Cortes DH. Quantifying Dysfunction of the Lumbar Multifidus Muscle After Radiofrequency Neurotomy and Fusion Surgery: A Preliminary Study. JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE IN MEDICAL DIAGNOSTICS AND THERAPY 2020; 3:041001. [PMID: 35832607 PMCID: PMC8597558 DOI: 10.1115/1.4047651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
The multifidus is an important muscle for the active stabilization of the spine. Unfortunately, clinical procedures such as posterior lumbar fusion (PLF) and radio frequency neurotomy (RFN) cause injury to these muscles affecting their function. However, evaluating multifidus function using traditional biomechanical methods is challenging due to its unique anatomical features. The change in muscle shear modulus during contraction has been corrected to force generation for several skeletal muscles. Therefore, the change in shear modulus can be used to quantify muscle contraction. The objective of this study was to evaluate multifidus dysfunction by comparing changes in shear modulus during muscle contraction in healthy individuals and patients who received RFN and PLF in the lumbar spine. We used our recently developed protocol which consists of measuring changes of multifidus shear modulus at lying prone, sitting up, and sitting up with the arms lifted. In healthy individuals, the median multifidus shear modulus increased progressively from prone, sitting, and sitting with arms raised: 18.55 kPa, 27.14 kPa, and 38.45 kPa, respectively. A moderate increase in shear modulus for these body positions was observed in PLF patients: 9.81 kPa, 17.26 kPa, and 21.85 kPa. In RFN patients, the shear modulus remained relatively constant: 14.44 kPa, 16.57 kPa, and 17.26 kPa. Overall, RFN and PLF caused a reduction in the contraction of multifidus muscles. However, the contraction of multifidus muscle slightly increased during multifidus activation in PLF patients, while it did not change in RFN patients. These preliminary measurements suggest that the proposed protocol using SWE can provide important information about the function of individual spine muscles to guide the design and evaluation of postsurgical rehabilitation protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyedali Sadeghi
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, College of Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 16801
| | - Jesse E. Bible
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Penn State Health Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Daniel H. Cortes
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, College of Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 16801; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lindemann I, Coombes BK, Tucker K, Hug F, Dick TJ. Age-related differences in gastrocnemii muscles and Achilles tendon mechanical properties in vivo. J Biomech 2020; 112:110067. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.110067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
40
|
Hirata K, Yamadera R, Akagi R. Can Static Stretching Reduce Stiffness of the Triceps Surae in Older Men? Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020; 52:673-679. [PMID: 31652247 PMCID: PMC7034366 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate reductions of muscle stiffness induced by static stretching in older and younger men. Methods Twenty older (62–83 yr) and 20 younger (21–24 yr) men were recruited. Ankle dorsiflexion static stretching was consisted of 90 s × 5 repetitions. Before and after the stretching, the dorsiflexion range of motion (RoM), passive plantar flexion torque, and shear modulus (an index of stiffness) of the medial (MG) and lateral gastrocnemius and the soleus were measured. Results RoM, passive torque, and shear modulus of the triceps surae measured at the maximal dorsiflexion angle before stretching were significantly lower for the older group than the younger group. This suggests a weak stretching intensity for older compared with younger people. The stretching significantly improved RoM for both groups. For the older group, a significant reduction in passive torque was only observed at a 15° dorsiflexion angle, and the shear modulus was significantly decreased only for the distal region of MG. For the younger group, passive torque was significantly reduced for the entire RoM, and a significant decrease in shear modulus was found for the central and distal regions of MG and lateral gastrocnemius. A significant correlation between the muscle shear modulus measured at the maximal dorsiflexion angle before stretching and a stretching-induced decrease in muscle shear modulus was observed for older and younger participants. This indicates that the higher stretching intensity can reduce more muscle stiffness. Conclusion Static stretching can reduce muscle stiffness regardless of age, although the stretching effect on muscle stiffness was limited for older people. This might be due to a lower stretching intensity for older than younger people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryosuke Yamadera
- College of Systems Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Saitama-shi, Saitama, JAPAN
| | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Farrow M, Biglands J, Alfuraih AM, Wakefield RJ, Tan AL. Novel Muscle Imaging in Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases-A Focus on Ultrasound Shear Wave Elastography and Quantitative MRI. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:434. [PMID: 32903395 PMCID: PMC7434835 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, imaging has played an increasing role in the clinical management of patients with rheumatic diseases with respect to aiding diagnosis, guiding therapy and monitoring disease progression. These roles have been underpinned by research which has enhanced our understanding of disease pathogenesis and pathophysiology of rheumatology conditions, in addition to their key role in outcome measurement in clinical trials. However, compared to joints, imaging research of muscles is less established, despite the fact that muscle symptoms are very common and debilitating in many rheumatic diseases. Recently, it has been shown that even though patients with rheumatoid arthritis may achieve clinical remission, defined by asymptomatic joints, many remain affected by lingering constitutional systemic symptoms like fatigue, tiredness, weakness and myalgia, which may be attributed to changes in the muscles. Recent improvements in imaging technology, coupled with an increasing clinical interest, has started to ignite new interest in the area. This perspective discusses the rationale for using imaging, particularly ultrasound and MRI, for investigating muscle pathology involved in common inflammatory rheumatic diseases. The muscles associated with rheumatic diseases can be affected in many ways, including myositis-an inflammatory muscle condition, and myopathy secondary to medications, such as glucocorticoids. In addition to non-invasive visual assessment of muscles in these conditions, novel imaging techniques like shear wave elastography and quantitative MRI can provide further useful information regarding the physiological and biomechanical status of the muscle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Farrow
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Chapel Allerton Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom.,School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - John Biglands
- NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom.,Medical Physics and Engineering, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Abdulrahman M Alfuraih
- Radiology and Medical Imaging Department, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Richard J Wakefield
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Chapel Allerton Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Ai Lyn Tan
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Chapel Allerton Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
McPherson AL, Nagai T, Schilaty ND, Hale R, Hewett TE, Bates NA. High school male basketball athletes exhibit greater hamstring muscle stiffness than females as assessed with shear wave elastography. Skeletal Radiol 2020; 49:1231-1237. [PMID: 32123955 PMCID: PMC7305958 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-020-03397-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to characterize lower extremity passive muscle stiffness in a young, healthy, athletic population. It was hypothesized that males would exhibit greater stiffness than females and that hamstring stiffness would increase with increased passive hamstring stretch. METHODS Male (n = 52, age 16.0 ± 1.3 years, height 180.3 ± 7.9 cm, weight 73.1 ± 11.8 kg) and female (n = 89, age 15.6 ± 1.3 years, height 169.7 ± 8.1 cm, weight 65.2 ± 13.2 kg) high school basketball athletes were recruited for this study. Shear wave elastography (SWE) was used to measure shear wave velocity (m/s) of the biceps femoris muscle at three leg positions (40%, 60%, and 80%) of the maximum passive 90-90 straight-leg raise position for each leg. Hamstring stiffness (kPa) was quantified from the SWE elastogram using custom processing software. RESULTS Hamstring stiffness was significantly greater for males than females at every position on both the dominant and non-dominant limbs (p < 0.05). Hamstring stiffness was greater on the non-dominant limb than the dominant for females at the 40% position. Stiffness at 60% was greater than stiffness at 40% for males on both the dominant and non-dominant limbs. However, stiffness at 60% was greater than stiffness at 80% on the male non-dominant limb. Females demonstrated higher stiffness at 40% than both 60% and 80% for the dominant and non-dominant limbs. CONCLUSION Healthy male basketball players had higher hamstring muscle stiffness than female players. Future studies may investigate what factors contribute to the large variability observed in muscle stiffness, resulting in mixed results on the effects of leg dominance and stretching positions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- April L. McPherson
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Takashi Nagai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Sports Medicine Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Nathan D. Schilaty
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Sports Medicine Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA,Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Rena Hale
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Sports Medicine Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Timothy E. Hewett
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Nathaniel A. Bates
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Sports Medicine Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Kobayashi E, Matsumoto H, Hayashi I, Osaki M, Hagino H. Age-related changes in muscle elasticity around the shoulder joint in young male baseball players: A prospective longitudinal study. J Orthop Sci 2020; 25:582-587. [PMID: 31402264 DOI: 10.1016/j.jos.2019.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Longitudinal changes of elasticity in the muscle tissues around the shoulder joint during the growth period have not been assessed using shear wave elastography. METHODS This study enrolled male students aged 13-18 years who played baseball or rubber baseball as an extra-curricular activity during junior high or high school or on a baseball team outside of school. The exclusion criterion was a history of surgery for athletic injury. One hundred and twenty-one boys were included in the study. The elasticity of the superior part of the trapezius, the supraspinatus, and the infraspinatus were measured by ultrasound. The shear elastic modulus (SEM), which is the ratio of the strain ratio (SR) in the acoustic coupler to the SR of each muscle, was calculated as a representative value. Six months after the baseline assessment, subjects were evaluated regarding any newly developed pain in the joint of the throwing shoulder, and categorized into either the non-pain group or the pain group. RESULTS Although all muscle SEMs tended to increase in both the throwing and non-throwing shoulders, no significant difference was observed in the prevalence of shoulder joint pain between ages (p = 0.541). The results of a binominal logistic regression analysis, adjusted for age, body mass index, playing position in baseball, frequency of baseball practice, shoulder range of motion, and muscle strength showed that a decrease in SEM values of the supraspinatus was a risk factor for the development of new pain (odds ratio: 0.056; 95% confidence interval 0.011-0.299; p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The elasticity of muscle tissues around the throwing shoulder increased with age, and low tissue elasticity of the supraspinatus of the throwing shoulder was a factor that triggered pain during throwing motions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eri Kobayashi
- Rehabilitation Division, Tottori University Hospital, Nishicho 36-1, Yonago, Tottori 683-8504, Japan; School of Health Science, Tottori University Graduate School of Medical Science, Nishicho 86, Yonago, Tottori 683-8503, Japan.
| | - Hiromi Matsumoto
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Science and Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, Matsushima 288, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0193, Japan.
| | - Ikuta Hayashi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Nishicho 36-1, Yonago, Tottori 683-8504, Japan
| | - Mari Osaki
- Rehabilitation Division, Tottori University Hospital, Nishicho 36-1, Yonago, Tottori 683-8504, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hagino
- Rehabilitation Division, Tottori University Hospital, Nishicho 36-1, Yonago, Tottori 683-8504, Japan; School of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Nishicho 86, Yonago, Tottori 683-8503, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Wu J, Qian Z, Liang W, Liu J, Ren L, Ren L. In vivo assessment of material properties of muscles and connective tissues around the knee joint based on shear wave elastography. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 109:103829. [PMID: 32543400 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies on knee biomechanics have mainly focused on the joint structure itself, largely neglecting the material properties of the muscles and connective tissues around the knee joint. Therefore, this study was purposed to conduct a systematic in vivo examination of the material properties of muscles, tendons, and ligaments, and investigated the respective influences of gender and age on the material properties. The participants were 50 healthy males and females within the following four age groups: 21-30 years, 31-40 years, 41-50 years, and above 51 years. The Young's moduli of the muscles, tendons, and ligaments around the knee joint were measured by shear wave elastography (SWE). Analysis of the Young's modulus results showed that excellent repeatability could be achieved by using SWE. For muscles, the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and 95% confidence interval (CI) ranged between 0.952 and 0.987, and 0.923 and 0.992, respectively. The ICC ranged from 0.920 to 0.941, and the 95% CI was between 0.872 and 0.969 for tendons and ligaments. Additionally, the Young's moduli of the muscles, tendons, and ligaments of males were greater than those of females. With the exception for medial patellar retinaculum (MPR), the Young's moduli of other observed tissues decreased with age for both males and females, indicating that age has a significant impact on the Young's moduli of muscles, tendons, and ligaments. Hence, SWE is a reliable and repeatable technique that can be used to assess the Young's moduli of the muscles, tendons, and ligaments around the knee joint. Furthermore, gender and age affects the material properties. The results of this study provide an in vivo database of the material properties of muscles and connective tissues, and thus may prove useful for the prevention and treatment of knee joint injuries and diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130025, PR China
| | - Zhihui Qian
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130025, PR China
| | - Wei Liang
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130025, PR China
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130025, PR China.
| | - Luquan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130025, PR China
| | - Lei Ren
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130025, PR China; School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Kozinc Ž, Šarabon N. Shear-wave elastography for assessment of trapezius muscle stiffness: Reliability and association with low-level muscle activity. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234359. [PMID: 32520959 PMCID: PMC7286494 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Shear-wave elastography has been recognized a useful tool for quantifying muscle stiffness, commonly reported as shear modulus, however the reports on reliability are often limited to test-retest correlations. In this study, we explored the reliability of shear-wave elastography for assessment of the trapezius muscle stiffness and its relationship with low-level muscle activity. Methods Twenty participants were included in a two-session experiment. Measurements of shear modulus and muscle activity were performed at rest and during low-level activity, induced by shoulder abduction without additional external resistance. Results Good to excellent intra-session repeatability (ICC > 0.80) and moderate inter-rater and inter-session reproducibility (ICC = 0.66–0.74) were observed. Typical errors were acceptable (7.6% of the mean value) only for intra-session measurements in resting conditions, but not acceptable for all conditions with low-level muscle activity (10.2–16.6% of the mean value). Inverse relationships between shear modulus and muscle activity at 40° and 60° of shoulder abduction (r = -0.53 and -0.57) were observed on a group level. We also found higher shear modulus in males compared to females, for the parallel probe position compared to the perpendicular position (in relation to muscle fiber orientation), and for the dominant side of the body compared to the non-dominant side. Conclusions This study showed an inverse relationship between muscle activity in low-level range and shear modulus on a group level, suggesting inherent passive stiffness could account for a larger portion of the variance (compared to muscle activity) in shear modulus when the muscle activity is low. Our results imply that shear-wave elastography can be used in research exploring muscle stiffness, however, caution is needed since only intra-session examination in resting conditions showed acceptable within-participant typical errors. The secondary analyses of the study showed higher shear modulus for males, for the non-dominant side of the body and for the parallel orientation of the ultrasound probe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Žiga Kozinc
- University of Primorska, Faculty of Health Sciences, Polje, Izola, Slovenia
- University of Primorska, Andrej Marušič Institute, Muzejski trg, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Nejc Šarabon
- University of Primorska, Faculty of Health Sciences, Polje, Izola, Slovenia
- S2P, Science to practice, Ltd., Laboratory for Motor Control and Motor Behavior, Tehnološki park, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- InnoRenew CoE, Human Health Department, Livade, Izola, Slovenia
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Şendur HN, Cindil E, Cerit MN, Kılıç P, Gültekin Iİ, Oktar SÖ. Evaluation of effects of aging on skeletal muscle elasticity using shear wave elastography. Eur J Radiol 2020; 128:109038. [PMID: 32422550 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.109038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of aging on skeletal muscle stiffness in relaxed and contracted status using shear wave elastography (SWE). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 57 participants were enrolled to this institutional review board approved prospective study. Medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle (GM) of all participants were examined bilaterally by a single radiologist in prone position. Muscle thickness, stiffness values in both relaxed and contracted status were measured. Stiffness increase rate (SIR) was calculated for all muscles. The Spearman's correlation test was used for correlation analyses. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare subgroups. RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 41.15 ± 16.19 (range, 18-74). The means of stiffness values of medial head of GM were 12.51 ± 2.56 kPa and 81.74 ± 15.77 kPa in relaxed and contracted status, respectively. The mean of SIR values was 5.62 ± 1.05 (range, 3.18-8.66). The stiffness values of relaxed and contracted medial head of GM had moderate to strong inverse correlations with age for both dominant and non-dominant extremities (r range: -0.703 to -0.590). Age subgroup analyses revealed significant differences in muscle thickness and stiffness values, whereas no significant difference was found in SIR values. CONCLUSION In conclusion, despite the decrease in stiffness of skeletal muscle with advancing age, SIR remained similar. Any improvement in stiffness values of skeletal muscle in relaxed status may play pivotal role in the management of sarcopenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Halit Nahit Şendur
- Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Mevlana Bulvarı No: 29, Yenimahalle, 06560, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Emetullah Cindil
- Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Mevlana Bulvarı No: 29, Yenimahalle, 06560, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mahi Nur Cerit
- Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Mevlana Bulvarı No: 29, Yenimahalle, 06560, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pınar Kılıç
- Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Mevlana Bulvarı No: 29, Yenimahalle, 06560, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Işıl İmge Gültekin
- Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Mevlana Bulvarı No: 29, Yenimahalle, 06560, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Suna Özhan Oktar
- Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Mevlana Bulvarı No: 29, Yenimahalle, 06560, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Chodock E, Hahn J, Setlock CA, Lipps DB. Identifying predictors of upper extremity muscle elasticity with healthy aging. J Biomech 2020; 103:109687. [PMID: 32147243 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.109687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasound shear wave elastography (SWE) can provide accurate in vivo measurements of the effect of advanced age on muscle elasticity. Our objective was to determine whether passive muscle elasticity was influenced by posture, chronological age, sex, body mass index, and clinical measures of upper extremity function for healthy adults. The dominant arm of 33 male and 33 female participants (ranging from 20 to 89 years old) was examined using a Supersonic Imagine Aixplorer ultrasound SWE system. The mean and standard deviation of shear wave velocity (SWV) was measured from elastography maps for five upper extremity muscles examined at rest: anterior deltoid (AD), biceps brachii (BB), clavicular (CL) and sternocostal (SC) region of the pectoralis major and middle trapezius (MT). Linear mixed models for each muscle were used to assess how SWV was influenced by humeral elevation, chronological age, sex, BMI and three functional measures. All significances are reported at α = 0.05. Humeral elevation influenced shear wave velocity at a statistically significant level for AD, BB, SC and MT (all p < 0.047). Chronological age was a significant predictor of mean SWV for the sternocostal region of the pectoralis major and the middle trapezius (both p < 0.03). These same muscles were also less homogenous (based on their standard deviations) with increased age, particularly for female participants. Performance-based functional assessments of the upper extremity were predictors of mean SWV for the clavicular region of the pectoralis major (all p < 0.04). These results suggest ultrasound SWE has potential utility for assessing age-related changes to muscle elasticity, but these associations were muscle-dependent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evie Chodock
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Julie Hahn
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Cheryl A Setlock
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - David B Lipps
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Julià-Sánchez S, Álvarez-Herms J, Cirer-Sastre R, Corbi F, Burtscher M. The Influence of Dental Occlusion on Dynamic Balance and Muscular Tone. Front Physiol 2020; 10:1626. [PMID: 32082183 PMCID: PMC7005008 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Excellent postural control is essential to improve the physical performance of athletes. Stability of the body during motor tasks depends on different physiological systems. The influence of dental occlusion on body balance has been widely investigated in the past few years. It has been suggested that this relationship is strengthened by disturbing environments for balance control (i.e., unstable platform, fatigue, development tasks.). Moreover, dental occlusion may influence the muscle tone of both masticatory and postural muscles, which are involved in the preservation of balance. Therefore, we attempted to determine whether (i) there are differences in dynamic balance assessed by the modified star excursion balance test between opposed dental occlusion conditions (dental contact: intercuspal position/no dental contact: cotton rolls mandibular position) and (ii) dental occlusion influences the biomechanical and viscoelastic properties of the masticatory and postural muscles assessed with MyotonPRO®. Thirty physically active subjects were recruited for the study. The main findings were the following: (i) the Star Excursion Balance Test composite score was significantly higher for measurements made in cotton rolls mandibular position (p < 0.001) and also in subjects showing a correct occlusion (p = 0.04), and (ii) the biomechanic and viscolelastic properties of selected muscles showed different trend according to the presence of malocclusal traits. It is concluded that dental occlusion conditioned both dynamic stability and the biomechanic and viscoelastic properties of the analyzed muscles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Julià-Sánchez
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, European University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Álvarez-Herms
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, European University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafel Cirer-Sastre
- Institut Nacional d'Educació Física de Catalunya, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Francisco Corbi
- Institut Nacional d'Educació Física de Catalunya, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Martin Burtscher
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Kennedy P, Barnhill E, Gray C, Brown C, van Beek EJR, Roberts N, Greig CA. Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) shows significant reduction of thigh muscle stiffness in healthy older adults. GeroScience 2019; 42:311-321. [PMID: 31865527 PMCID: PMC7031192 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-019-00147-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Determining the effect of ageing on thigh muscle stiffness using magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) and investigate whether fat fraction and muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) are related to stiffness. Six healthy older adults in their eighth and ninth decade and eight healthy young men were recruited and underwent a 3 T MRI protocol including MRE and Dixon fat fraction imaging. Muscle stiffness, fat fraction and muscle CSA were calculated in ROIs corresponding to the four quadriceps muscles (i.e. vastus lateralis (VL), vastus medialis (VM), vastus intermedius (VI), rectus femoris (RF)), combined quadriceps, combined hamstrings and adductors and whole thigh. Muscle stiffness was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) in the older group in all measured ROIs except the VI (p = 0.573) and RF (p = 0.081). Similarly, mean fat fraction was significantly increased (p < 0.05) in the older group over all ROIs with the exception of the VI (p = 0.059) and VL muscle groups (p = 0.142). Muscle CSA was significantly reduced in older participants in the VM (p = 0.003) and the combined quadriceps (p = 0.001), hamstrings and adductors (p = 0.008) and whole thigh (p = 0.003). Over the whole thigh, stiffness was significantly negatively correlated with fat fraction (r = − 0.560, p = 0.037) and positively correlated with CSA (r = 0.749, p = 0.002). Stepwise regression analysis revealed that age was the most significant predictor of muscle stiffness (p = 0.001). These results suggest that muscle stiffness is significantly decreased in healthy older adults. Muscle fat fraction and muscle CSA are also significantly changed in older adults; however, age is the most significant predictor of muscle stiffness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Kennedy
- Edinburgh Imaging facility QMRI, School of Clinical Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK. .,BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | - Eric Barnhill
- Department of Radiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Calum Gray
- Edinburgh Imaging facility QMRI, School of Clinical Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Colin Brown
- The Mentholatum Company Ltd., East Kilbride, Glasgow, UK
| | - Edwin J R van Beek
- Edinburgh Imaging facility QMRI, School of Clinical Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Neil Roberts
- Edinburgh Imaging facility QMRI, School of Clinical Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Carolyn Anne Greig
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, MRC-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, NIHR Birmingham BRC, The University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, Birmingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Alfuraih AM, Tan AL, O'Connor P, Emery P, Wakefield RJ. The effect of ageing on shear wave elastography muscle stiffness in adults. Aging Clin Exp Res 2019; 31:1755-1763. [PMID: 30762201 PMCID: PMC6825644 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-019-01139-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Skeletal muscle undergoes structural changes with ageing which may alter its biomechanical properties. Shear wave elastography (SWE) may detect these changes by measuring muscle stiffness. Aims To investigate muscle stiffness in healthy young, middle-aged and elderly cohorts using SWE and correlate it with muscle strength and mass. Methods Shear wave velocity (SWV) was measured in the quadriceps, hamstrings and biceps brachii of 26 young (range 20–35 years), 21 middle-aged (40–55) and 30 elderly (77–94) volunteers. The participants performed several muscle tests to evaluate their strength. The One-way ANOVA was used to test the muscle stiffness differences between the groups and the Pearson’s correlation coefficient to evaluate the relationship between SWV and muscle strength. Results The overall resting muscle SWV gradually decreased with age but was only significantly reduced in the elderly group (p < 0.001); with the exception of the vastus lateralis SWV where a significant difference was noted (p < 0.05) between young (1.77 m/s), middle-aged (1.64 m/s) and elderly (1.48 m/s). The elderly group had on average 16.5% lower muscle stiffness compared to the young. SWV significantly correlated with muscle mass (r = 0.316), walking time (r = − 0.560), number of chair stands (r = 0.522), handgrip strength (r = 0.436) and isokinetic knee strength (r = 0.640). Sex and BMI did not explain any significant variation in SWV. Conclusions Ageing was associated with a decline in skeletal muscle stiffness which positively correlates with muscle weakness. Further research is needed to evaluate the promising role of SWE as a biomarker for sarcopenia assessment and potential falls risk prediction in elderly individuals. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s40520-019-01139-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman M Alfuraih
- Radiology and Medical Imaging Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Kharj, Saudi Arabia.
- Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
- NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.
| | - Ai Lyn Tan
- Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Philip O'Connor
- NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Paul Emery
- Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Richard J Wakefield
- Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| |
Collapse
|