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Du Y, Ding H, He L, Yiu BYS, Deng L, Yu ACH, Zhu L. Quantitative Blood Flow Measurements in the Common Carotid Artery: A Comparative Study of High-Frame-Rate Ultrasound Vector Flow Imaging, Pulsed Wave Doppler, and Phase Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12030690. [PMID: 35328242 PMCID: PMC8947594 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12030690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
V Flow is commercially developed by high-frame-rate ultrasound vector flow imaging. Compared to conventional color Doppler, V Flow is angle-independent and is capable of measuring both the magnitude and the direction of blood flow velocities. This paper aims to investigate the differences between V Flow and pulsed wave Doppler (PW) relative to phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI), for the quantitative measurements of blood flow in common carotid arteries (CCA) and, consequently, to evaluate the accuracy of the new technique, V Flow. Sixty-four CCAs were measured using V Flow, PW, and PC-MRI. The maximum velocities, time-averaged mean (TAMEAN) velocities, and volume flow were measured using different imaging technologies. The mean error with standard deviation (Std), the median of absolute errors, and the r-values between V Flow and PC-MRI results for the maximum velocity, the TAMEAN velocity, and the volume flow measurements are {9.40% ± 14.91%; 11.84%; 0.84}, {21.52% ± 14.46%; 19.28%; 0.86}, and {−2.80% ± 14.01%; 10.38%; 0.7}, respectively, and are {53.44% ± 29.68%; 49.79%; 0.74}, {27.83% ± 31.60%; 23.83; 0.71}, and {21.01% ± 29.64%; 25.48%; 0.34}, respectively, for those between PW and PC-MRI. The boxplot, linear regression and Bland–Altman plots were performed for each comparison, which illustrated that the results measured via V Flow rather than via PW agreed more closely with those measured via PC-MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yigang Du
- Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518057, China; (Y.D.); (L.D.)
| | - Haiyan Ding
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (H.D.); (L.H.)
| | - Le He
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (H.D.); (L.H.)
| | - Billy Y. S. Yiu
- Schlegel Research Institute for Aging, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; (B.Y.S.Y.); (A.C.H.Y.)
| | - Linsong Deng
- Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518057, China; (Y.D.); (L.D.)
| | - Alfred C. H. Yu
- Schlegel Research Institute for Aging, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; (B.Y.S.Y.); (A.C.H.Y.)
| | - Lei Zhu
- Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518057, China; (Y.D.); (L.D.)
- Correspondence:
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Nielsen MB, Søgaard SB, Bech Andersen S, Skjoldbye B, Hansen KL, Rafaelsen S, Nørgaard N, Carlsen JF. Highlights of the development in ultrasound during the last 70 years: A historical review. Acta Radiol 2021; 62:1499-1514. [PMID: 34791887 DOI: 10.1177/02841851211050859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This review looks at highlights of the development in ultrasound, ranging from interventional ultrasound and Doppler to the newest techniques like contrast-enhanced ultrasound and elastography, and gives reference to some of the valuable articles in Acta Radiologica. Ultrasound equipment is now available in any size and for any purpose, ranging from handheld devices to high-end devices, and the scientific societies include ultrasound professionals of all disciplines publishing guidelines and recommendations. Interventional ultrasound is expanding the field of use of ultrasound-guided interventions into nearly all specialties of medicine, from ultrasound guidance in minimally invasive robotic procedures to simple ultrasound-guided punctures performed by general practitioners. Each medical specialty is urged to define minimum requirements for equipment, education, training, and maintenance of skills, also for medical students. The clinical application of contrast-enhanced ultrasound and elastography is a topic often seen in current research settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bachmann Nielsen
- Department of Radiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stinne Byrholdt Søgaard
- Department of Radiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sofie Bech Andersen
- Department of Radiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bjørn Skjoldbye
- Department of Radiology, Aleris-Hamlet Hospitals, Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Kristoffer Lindskov Hansen
- Department of Radiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Rafaelsen
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Vejle, Denmark
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Nis Nørgaard
- Department of Urology, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonathan F. Carlsen
- Department of Radiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Vos HJ, Voorneveld JD, Groot Jebbink E, Leow CH, Nie L, van den Bosch AE, Tang MX, Freear S, Bosch JG. Contrast-Enhanced High-Frame-Rate Ultrasound Imaging of Flow Patterns in Cardiac Chambers and Deep Vessels. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2020; 46:2875-2890. [PMID: 32843233 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2020.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac function and vascular function are closely related to the flow of blood within. The flow velocities in these larger cavities easily reach 1 m/s, and generally complex spatiotemporal flow patterns are involved, especially in a non-physiologic state. Visualization of such flow patterns using ultrasound can be greatly enhanced by administration of contrast agents. Tracking the high-velocity complex flows is challenging with current clinical echographic tools, mostly because of limitations in signal-to-noise ratio; estimation of lateral velocities; and/or frame rate of the contrast-enhanced imaging mode. This review addresses the state of the art in 2-D high-frame-rate contrast-enhanced echography of ventricular and deep-vessel flow, from both technological and clinical perspectives. It concludes that current advanced ultrasound equipment is technologically ready for use in human contrast-enhanced studies, thus potentially leading to identification of the most clinically relevant flow parameters for quantifying cardiac and vascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik J Vos
- Biomedical Engineering, Department of Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Medical Imaging, Department of Imaging Physics, Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Jason D Voorneveld
- Biomedical Engineering, Department of Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Groot Jebbink
- M3i: Multi-modality Medical Imaging Group, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands; Department of Vascular Surgery, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Chee Hau Leow
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Luzhen Nie
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | | | - Meng-Xing Tang
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Steven Freear
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Johan G Bosch
- Biomedical Engineering, Department of Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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