1
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Carkner A, Tageldin I, Han J, Seifitokaldani A, Kopyscinski J. Impact of Temperature an Order of Magnitude Larger Than Electrical Potential in Lignin Electrolysis with Nickel. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202300795. [PMID: 37870894 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Lignin, a major component of plant biomass, is a promising sustainable alternative carbon-based feedstock to petroleum as a source of valuable aromatic compounds such as vanillin. However, lignin upgrading reactions are poorly understood due to its complex and variable molecular structure. This work focuses on electrocatalytic lignin upgrading, which is efficient and sustainable at moderate temperatures and pressures and does not require stoichiometric reagents. We used a meta-analysis of published lignin conversion and product yield data to define the operating range, to select the catalyst, and then performed electrocatalytic experiments. We quantified the impact of temperature and electrical potential on the formation rate of valuable products (vanillic acid, acetovanillone, guaiacol, vanillin, and syringaldehyde). We found that increasing temperature increases their formation rate by an order of magnitude more than increasing electrical potential. For example, increasing temperature from 21 to 180 °C increases the vanillin formation rate by +16.5 mg⋅L-1 ⋅h-1 ±1.7 mg⋅L-1 ⋅h-1 , while increasing electrical potential from 0 to 2 V increases the vanillin formation rate by -0.6 mg⋅L-1 ⋅h-1 ±1.4 mg⋅L-1 ⋅h-1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Carkner
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University Street, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ingy Tageldin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University Street, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jiashuai Han
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University Street, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ali Seifitokaldani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University Street, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jan Kopyscinski
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University Street, Montreal, Canada
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2
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Puss KK, Loog M, Salmar S. Ultrasound enhanced solubilization of forest biorefinery hydrolysis lignin in mild alkaline conditions. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 93:106288. [PMID: 36621089 PMCID: PMC9841232 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.106288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In the forest biorefinery, hydrolysis lignin (HL) is often dissolved with high concentration NaOH solution, followed by acid precipitation to obtain purified HL. For the first time, this study evaluates the effect of ultrasound (US) on the dissolution of industrially produced HL in aqueous NaOH solutions and the acid precipitation yield of HL. The solubility of HL in mild aqueous NaOH solutions was studied with and without US treatment at 20 kHz concerning the solid-to-liquid ratio, molecular weight of dissolved fractions and structural changes in dissolved HL. Results showed that the solubility of HL at 25 °C was strongly dependent on NaOH concentration. However, the US treatment significantly improved the solubility of HL, reaching a solubility plateau at 0.1 NaOH/HL ratio. US treatment enhanced the solubilization of HL molecules with higher MW compared to conventional mixing. The increase of HL solubility was up to 30 % and the recovery yield of purified lignin with acid precipitation was 37 % higher in dilute NaOH solution. A significant result was that the Mw of dissolved HL in homogeneous alkali solutions decreased with US treatment. SEC, HSQC and 31P NMR analyses of dissolved HL characteristics showed that both, the mechanoacoustic and sonochemical solubilization pathways contribute to the dissolution process. However, US does not cause major changes in the HL structure compared to the native lignin. Indeed, US technology has the potential to advance the dissolution and purification of HL in biorefineries by reducing the amount of chemicals required; thus, more controlled and environmentally friendly conditions can be used in HL valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kait Kaarel Puss
- The Core Laboratory for Wood Chemistry and Bioprocessing, University of Tartu, Institute of Chemistry, Ravila 14a, Tartu, Estonia; The Core Laboratory for Wood Chemistry and Bioprocessing, University of Tartu, Institute of Technology, Nooruse 1, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Mart Loog
- The Core Laboratory for Wood Chemistry and Bioprocessing, University of Tartu, Institute of Technology, Nooruse 1, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Siim Salmar
- The Core Laboratory for Wood Chemistry and Bioprocessing, University of Tartu, Institute of Chemistry, Ravila 14a, Tartu, Estonia
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3
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Ding Z, Kumar Awasthi S, Kumar M, Kumar V, Mikhailovich Dregulo A, Yadav V, Sindhu R, Binod P, Sarsaiya S, Pandey A, Taherzadeh MJ, Rathour R, Singh L, Zhang Z, Lian Z, Kumar Awasthi M. A thermo-chemical and biotechnological approaches for bamboo waste recycling and conversion to value added product: Towards a zero-waste biorefinery and circular bioeconomy. FUEL 2023; 333:126469. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2022.126469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
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4
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Wang WY, Gao JH, Qin Z, Liu HM. Structural variation of lignin-carbohydrate complexes (LCC) in Chinese quince (Chaenomeles sinensis) fruit as it ripens. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 223:26-35. [PMID: 36336153 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Chinese quince (Chaenomeles sinensis) fruits are rich in lignin, and too sour, astringent and woody to be eaten raw. More than 50 % of lignin in plant cell walls is covalently associated with carbohydrates to form lignin-carbohydrate complexes (LCC). In this study, LCC preparations were extracted from fruits harvested on the 15th day of the month from May-October 2019. A variety of chemical and instrumental analytical approaches were used to characterize the LCC fractions, including HPAEC, TGA, GPC, FT-IR, and 2D HSQC NMR. Antioxidant activities were evaluated by DPPH radical scavenging assays. Results showed that the LCC fractions from October fruits had better thermal stability and homogeneity. NMR results revealed that the lignin-lignin linkages in LCC-AcOH preparations included β-O-4', β-β' and β-5', but β-5' linkages were not present in LCC preparations. And the NMR signals of carbohydrate confirmed the presence of lignin-pectin complexes, which was consistent with sugar analysis. All LCC preparations showed good antioxidant activity, among which Björkman LCC from October fruits showed best. This study will facilitate understanding the chemical bonds of LCC macromolecules in the plant cell wall. More specifically, it provides information critical for specific industrial applications of quince fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yue Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jing-Hao Gao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhao Qin
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hua-Min Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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5
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Xiao H, Liu H, Jin M, Deng H, Wang J, Yao H. Process control for improving dewatering performance of sewage sludge based on carbonaceous skeleton-assisted thermal hydrolysis. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 296:134006. [PMID: 35189199 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The poor dewaterability of sewage sludge is a major obstacle to its disposal and utilization. Our previous study developed a novel method of carbonaceous skeleton-assisted thermal hydrolysis to achieve good performance of sludge dewatering. This work was conducted for further improving the efficiency through investigating the effects of the properties of sludge, skeleton, and key process parameters. A dewatering model was also established based on Darcy's Law and experimental results from a self-designed computer control on-line filter press system. The experimental results showed that the water content can all be reduced by about 36% for sludge with the varying organic content from 35% to 60%. Lignocellulosic skeleton had better assistive capabilities than skeleton with high content of hemicellulose, lipid, and chitin, and the appropriate dosage was 0.2-0.5 g/g DS. Satisfied reduction of about 30% in water content can be obtained when sludge was assisted-hydrolyzed at a moderate temperature of 180 °C only within 5 min and dewatered at 0.4-1.0 MPa for 10-20 min. By using self-developed dewatering model, the filtrate mass with time under any mechanical pressure can be obtained and the theoretical value fit the actual value very well. Based on this, excellent dewatering performance can be achieved through process control of assisted thermal hydrolysis and mechanical dewatering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; Department of New Energy Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Huan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; Department of New Energy Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Minghao Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Hongping Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; Department of New Energy Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jiaxing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; Department of New Energy Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Hong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
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Zhang T, Gao J, He L, He Z, Yi S. Effects of combined zinc chloride-ultrasound pretreatment and thermal modification on the physicochemical properties of Moso bamboo. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2021.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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7
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Wang WY, Qin Z, Liu HM, Wang XD, Gao JH, Qin GY. Structural Changes in Milled Wood Lignin (MWL) of Chinese Quince ( Chaenomeles sinensis) Fruit Subjected to Subcritical Water Treatment. Molecules 2021; 26:E398. [PMID: 33451119 PMCID: PMC7828612 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Subcritical water treatment has received considerable attention due to its cost effectiveness and environmentally friendly properties. In this investigation, Chinese quince fruits were submitted to subcritical water treatment (130, 150, and 170 °C), and the influence of treatments on the structure of milled wood lignin (MWL) was evaluated. Structural properties of these lignin samples (UL, L130, L150, and L170) were investigated by high-performance anion exchange chromatography (HPAEC), FT-IR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), TGA, pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS), 2D-Heteronculear Single Quantum Coherence (HSQC) -NMR, and 31P-NMR. The carbohydrate analysis showed that xylose in the samples increased significantly with higher temperature, and according to molecular weight and thermal analysis, the MWLs of the pretreated residues have higher thermal stability with increased molecular weight. The spectra of 2D-NMR and 31P-NMR demonstrated that the chemical linkages in the MWLs were mainly β-O-4' ether bonds, β-5' and β-β', and the units were principally G- S- H- type with small amounts of ferulic acids; these results are consistent with the results of Py-GC/MS analysis. It is believed that understanding the structural changes in MWL caused by subcritical water treatment will contribute to understanding the mechanism of subcritical water extraction, which in turn will provide a theoretical basis for developing the technology of subcritical water extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yue Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Z.Q.); (X.-D.W.); (J.-H.G.)
| | - Zhao Qin
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Z.Q.); (X.-D.W.); (J.-H.G.)
| | - Hua-Min Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Z.Q.); (X.-D.W.); (J.-H.G.)
| | - Xue-De Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Z.Q.); (X.-D.W.); (J.-H.G.)
| | - Jing-Hao Gao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Z.Q.); (X.-D.W.); (J.-H.G.)
| | - Guang-Yong Qin
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
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8
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Ultrasonic Delignification and Microstructural Characterization of Switchgrass. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14020263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This present study was undertaken to investigate the ultrasonic delignification of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) and the effects of ultrasonic irradiation on the molecular and microstructure of switchgrass. We investigated this question using response surface methodology (RSM) featuring a four-factor, three-level Box–Behnken experimental design with acoustic power (120, 180, and 240 W), solid–solvent ratio (1/25, 1/20, and 1/15 g/mL), hammer mill screen size (1.6, 3.2, and 6.4 mm), and sonication time (10, 30, and 50 min) as factors, while delignification (%) was the response variable. The native and treated switchgrass samples were further characterized through crystallinity measurements and electron microscopy. The results of lignin analysis show that the percent delignification ranged between 1.86% and 20.11%. The multivariate quadratic regression model developed was statistically significant at p < 0.05. SEM and TEM micrographs of the treated switchgrass grinds resulted in cell wall disruption at the micro- and nano-scales. XRD analysis revealed a reduction in the mean crystallite size and crystallinity index from 15.39 to 13.13 Å and 48.86% to 47.49%, respectively, while no significant change occurred in the d-spacings. The results of this investigation show that ultrasonic irradiation induces chemical and structural changes in switchgrass, which could enhance its use for biofuel and bioproducts applications.
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9
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Gong J, Jingjing W, Xiao G, Huang J, You Y, Yuan H, Liu S, Zhang Y. Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Process of Adenosine Extraction from Bamboo Shavings. Pharm Chem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-020-02138-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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Bhushan S, Kumar A, Singh N, Sheikh J. Functionalization of wool fabric using lignin biomolecules extracted from groundnut shells. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 142:559-563. [PMID: 31726155 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Food and agro-processing industries generate a huge quantity of solid waste which is rich in bio-macromolecules like lignin. The extraction of lignin biomolecules can help in the efficient management of such waste along with the generation of wealth from the waste. The groundnut shells are one of the lignin-rich wastes which could be utilized for the extraction of lignin biomolecules. The present work investigates an innovative approach involving the application of extracted lignin biomolecules for the value-addition to wool fabrics. Metallic mordants were utilized to get a wash-fast attachment of lignin with wool. The change in the appearance of wool fabrics was analyzed using reflectance spectroscopy. The finished fabrics were further evaluated for the functional properties like antioxidant activity, antibacterial activity and UV protection. The functionalized wool fabrics displayed a variety of shades with different combinations of groundnut shell lignin (GSL) and mordant. Thermal stability of treated wool fabrics was analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis. The functionalized wool fabrics showed significant antioxidant activity (69.5-84.5%), antibacterial activity (79.7-86.3%) and UV protection (UPF ratings of 50+).
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Affiliation(s)
- Surya Bhushan
- Dept. of Textile Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India
| | - Ankit Kumar
- Dept. of Textile Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India
| | - Nagender Singh
- Dept. of Textile Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India
| | - Javed Sheikh
- Dept. of Textile Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India.
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11
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Integrative Effects of Sonication and Particle Size on Biomethanation of Tropical Grass Pennisetum purpureum Using Superior Diverse Inocula Cultures. ENERGIES 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/en12224226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Biogas from the fast growing crop, Pennisetum purpureum, has received considerable attention in Southeast Asia since wastewater and bio-waste materials are almost completely utilized. To overcome slow hydrolysis, a rate-limiting step in anaerobic digestion of lignocellulosic biomass, superior microorganism culture, size reduction, and sonication pretreatment were co-applied. In the first experiment, the selection of anaerobic microbial culture to be used in digestion, so-called inoculum, was carried out. Specific anaerobic activities for hydrolysis and methanogenesis of sludge from different sources, a slurry digester of cattle farm (CF) and a wastewater digester of rubber latex factory (RL) were assessed. Results revealed a remarkable synergistic capability in the combined sludge, adding 10% and 49% to the overall biomethanation efficiency over the individual CF and RL sludges. In the second part, interactive effects of size reduction and sonication intensity were studied. Biomethanation efficiency as methane yield increased by 62% by size and 115% by sonication variation, but when optimally combined an additional gain of 40% was recorded. The regression model generated could estimate the energy yield increase as a function of size and sonication intensity with a satisfactory statistical precision R2 of 0.945.
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12
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Yang QQ, Gan RY, Ge YY, Zhang D, Corke AH. Ultrasonic Treatment Increases Extraction Rate of Common Bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Antioxidants. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E83. [PMID: 30939819 PMCID: PMC6523112 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8040083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The feasibility of improving the extraction rate of common bean antioxidants by ultrasonic treatment was investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and spectrum Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FT-IR) analysis revealed that ultrasonic treatment substantially altered the cellular structure of common bean seed, resulting in increased surface area, eroded cell walls, and greater exposure of cellulose and hemicellulose. The highest antioxidant activity was obtained at optimal extraction conditions (68 min, 55% acetone, 36:1 liquid to solid ratio, 30 ℃, and 480 W) which were optimized by response surface methodology. In terms of the extraction rate of common bean antioxidants, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) exhibits about seven-fold higher extraction efficiency than conventional solvent extraction (CSE). In addition, 10 phenolic compounds in the common bean extracts were detected and quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), including protocatechuic acid, catechin, chlorogenic acid, epicatechin, ferulic acid, coumarin, rutin, myricetin, cinnamic acid, and genistein. In summary, ultrasonic treatment is an ideal candidate methodology for improving the extraction rate of common bean antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong-Qiong Yang
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Ying-Ying Ge
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - And Harold Corke
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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13
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Wang C, Tallian C, Su J, Vielnascher R, Silva C, Cavaco-Paulo A, Guebitz GM, Fu J. Ultrasound-assisted extraction of hemicellulose and phenolic compounds from bamboo bast fiber powder. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197537. [PMID: 29856764 PMCID: PMC5983477 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound-assisted extraction of hemicellulose and phenolic compounds from bamboo bast fibre powder was investigated. The effect of ultrasonic probe depth and power input parameters on the type and amount of products extracted was assessed. The results of input energy and radical formation correlated with the calculated values for the anti-nodal point (λ/4; 16.85 mm, maximum amplitude) of the ultrasonic wave in aqueous medium. Ultrasonic treatment at optimum probe depth of 15 mm improve 2.6-fold the extraction efficiencies of hemicellulose and phenolic lignin compounds from bamboo bast fibre powder. LC-Ms-Tof (liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-time of flight) analysis indicated that ultrasound led to the extraction of coniferyl alcohol, sinapyl alcohol, vanillic acid, cellobiose, in contrast to boiling water extraction only. At optimized conditions, ultrasound caused the formation of radicals confirmed by the presence of (+)-pinoresinol which resulted from the radical coupling of coniferyl alcohol. Ultrasounds revealed to be an efficient methodology for the extraction of hemicellulosic and phenolic compounds from woody bamboo without the addition of harmful solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Textile and Fiber Bioprocesses, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Claudia Tallian
- Institute for Environmental Biotechnology, Department for Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Jing Su
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Textile and Fiber Bioprocesses, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Robert Vielnascher
- Institute for Environmental Biotechnology, Department for Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Tulln an der Donau, Austria
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology - ACIB, Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Carla Silva
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Artur Cavaco-Paulo
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Textile and Fiber Bioprocesses, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Georg M. Guebitz
- Institute for Environmental Biotechnology, Department for Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Tulln an der Donau, Austria
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology - ACIB, Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Jiajia Fu
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Textile and Fiber Bioprocesses, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Technology Research Center for Functional Textiles, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- * E-mail:
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14
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Bundhoo ZMA, Mohee R. Ultrasound-assisted biological conversion of biomass and waste materials to biofuels: A review. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2018; 40:298-313. [PMID: 28946428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound irradiation has been gaining increasing interests over the years to assist biological conversion of lignocellulosic biomass and waste materials to biofuels. As such, this study reviewed the different effects of sonication on pre-treatment of lignocellulosic biomass and waste materials prior to biofuel production. The mechanisms of ultrasound irradiation as a pre-treatment technique were initially described and the impacts of sonication on disruption of lignocellulosic materials, alteration of the crystalline lattice structure of cellulose molecules, solubilisation of organic matter, reducing sugar production and enzymatic hydrolysis were then reviewed. Subsequently, the influences of ultrasound irradiation on bio-methane, bio-hydrogen and bio-ethanol production were re-evaluated, with most studies reporting enhanced biofuel production from anaerobic digestion or fermentation processes. Nonetheless, despite its positive impacts on biofuel production, sonication was found to be energetically inefficient based on the lab-scale studies reviewed. To conclude, this study reviewed some of the challenges of ultrasound irradiation for enhanced biofuel production while outlining some areas for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zumar M A Bundhoo
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius.
| | - Romeela Mohee
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
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15
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Li SX, Li MF, Bian J, Sun SN, Peng F, Xue ZM. Biphasic 2-methyltetrahydrofuran/oxalic acid/water pretreatment to enhance cellulose enzymatic hydrolysis and lignin valorization. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 243:1105-1111. [PMID: 28764117 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A biphasic pretreatment was adopted to disturb the recalcitrant structure of bamboo for further enzymatic hydrolysis and to obtain easily valorized lignin by-product. The biphasic system consisted of biomass-derived chemicals-2-methyltetrahydrofuran and oxalic acid as well as water, and the reactions were conducted at 120-180°C for 20min. The treatment resulted in notable removal of hemicelluloses and lignin. After the pretreatment, the cellulose conversion rate during enzymatic hydrolysis was enhanced by 6.7-fold as compared to the unpretreated raw material. Comprehensive analysis of the lignin product indicated that it exhibited representative structure (such as β-O-4, β-β linkages) as compared to native lignin, contained a very low amount of contaminated sugars (0.67-2.39%), and had a relatively medium molecular weight (Mw 2240-3730g/mol) and good solubility in many organic solvents. This indicated that the lignin showed great potential application in conversion into materials and liquid fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Xian Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ming-Fei Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jing Bian
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shao-Ni Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Feng Peng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhi-Min Xue
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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16
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Thermosensitive Chitosan Hydrogels Containing Polymeric Microspheres for Vaginal Drug Delivery. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:3564060. [PMID: 29209627 PMCID: PMC5676485 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3564060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Thermosensitive hydrogels have increasingly received considerable attention for local drug delivery based on many advantages. However, burst release of drugs is becoming a critical challenge when the hydrogels are employed. Microspheres- (MS-) loaded thermosensitive hydrogels were thus fabricated to address this limitation. Employing an orthogonal design, the spray-dried operations of tenofovir (TFV)/Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP)/chitosan (CTS) MS were optimized according to the drug loading (DL). The physicochemical properties of the optimal MS (MS F) were characterized. Depending on the gelation temperature and gelating time, the optimal CTS-sodium alginate- (SA-) α,β-glycerophosphate (GP) (CTS-SA-GP) hydrogel was obtained. Observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), TFV/BSP/CTS MS were successfully encapsulated in CTS-SA-GP. In vitro releasing demonstrated that MS F-CTS-SA-GP retained desirable in vitro sustained-release characteristics as a vaginal delivery system. Bioadhesion measurement showed that MS-CTS-SA-GP exhibited the highest mucoadhesive strength. Collectively, MS-CTS-SA-GP holds great promise for topical applications as a sustained-release vaginal drug delivery system.
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17
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Brahim M, Checa Fernandez BL, Regnier O, Boussetta N, Grimi N, Sarazin C, Husson E, Vorobiev E, Brosse N. Impact of ultrasounds and high voltage electrical discharges on physico-chemical properties of rapeseed straw's lignin and pulps. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 237:11-19. [PMID: 28411049 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, ultrasound (US) and high voltage electrical discharges (HVED) were combined with chemical treatments (soda or organosolv) for rapeseed straw delignification. Delignification was improved by both physical pretreatments. US increased the extractability of hemicelluloses and HVED induced a partial degradation of cellulose. Best synergies were observed for HVED-soda and US-organosolv treatments. The obtained lignin fractions were characterized with 13C NMR and 2D 1H-13C HSQC. It was observed that the physical treatments affected the syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) ratios. The values of S/G were ≈1.19, 1.31 and 1.75 for organosolv, HVED-organosolv and US-organosolv processes, suggesting recondensation reactions. The lignin fractions obtained from HVED-organosolv treatment contained less quantity of p-coumaric acid and ferulic acid as compared to those extracted by US-organosolv. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed a better heat resistance of physically extracted lignins as compared to the control. The enzymatic digestibility increased by 24.92% when applying HVED to mild organosolv treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Brahim
- Sorbonne Universités-Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Unité Transformations Intégrées de la Matière Renouvelable - EA 4297, Centre de Recherches de Royallieu, BP 20529, 60205 Compiègne Cedex, France; Université de Lorraine - Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Laboratoire d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Matériau Bois - EA 4370, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, BP 70239, 54506 Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy Cedex, France.
| | - B L Checa Fernandez
- Sorbonne Universités-Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Unité Transformations Intégrées de la Matière Renouvelable - EA 4297, Centre de Recherches de Royallieu, BP 20529, 60205 Compiègne Cedex, France
| | - O Regnier
- Unité de Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire, FRE CNRS 3580, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 33 rue Saint-Leu, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - N Boussetta
- Sorbonne Universités-Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Unité Transformations Intégrées de la Matière Renouvelable - EA 4297, Centre de Recherches de Royallieu, BP 20529, 60205 Compiègne Cedex, France
| | - N Grimi
- Sorbonne Universités-Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Unité Transformations Intégrées de la Matière Renouvelable - EA 4297, Centre de Recherches de Royallieu, BP 20529, 60205 Compiègne Cedex, France
| | - C Sarazin
- Unité de Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire, FRE CNRS 3580, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 33 rue Saint-Leu, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - E Husson
- Unité de Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire, FRE CNRS 3580, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 33 rue Saint-Leu, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - E Vorobiev
- Sorbonne Universités-Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Unité Transformations Intégrées de la Matière Renouvelable - EA 4297, Centre de Recherches de Royallieu, BP 20529, 60205 Compiègne Cedex, France
| | - N Brosse
- Université de Lorraine - Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Laboratoire d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Matériau Bois - EA 4370, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, BP 70239, 54506 Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy Cedex, France
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18
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Hu Z, Hong P, Cheng Y, Liao M, Li S. Polysaccharides from Enteromorpha tubulosa
: Optimization of extraction and cytotoxicity. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.13373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Hu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science; Guangdong Ocean University; Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Pengzhi Hong
- College of Food Science and Technology; Guangdong Ocean University; Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Yu Cheng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science; Guangdong Ocean University; Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Mingneng Liao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science; Guangdong Ocean University; Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Sidong Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science; Guangdong Ocean University; Zhanjiang 524088, China
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19
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Yin HS, Liu HM, Liu YL. Structural Characterization of Lignin in Fruits and Stalks of Chinese Quince. Molecules 2017; 22:E890. [PMID: 28555026 PMCID: PMC6152639 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22060890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chinese quince (Chaenomeles sinensis) is used in food and pharmaceutical products, but it is seldom eaten as a raw fruit due to its astringent, woody flesh. The structural characterization of lignin fractions from Chinese quince was very important to investigate the structure-activity relationships of lignin. In this investigation, to characterize the structure of lignin in Chinese quince fruits, the milled wood lignin sample was isolated from the fruits (FMWL) and the chemical structure of FMWL was investigated by sugar analysis, FT-IR, GPC, pyrolysis-GC/MS analysis, UV spectra analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and advanced NMR spectroscopic techniques. In addition, the lignin fraction from the stalk of Chinese quince (SMWL) was also prepared for comparison to obtained more information of lignin structure in the fruits. The results showed that the two lignin fractions isolated from fruit and stalk of Chinese quince exhibited different structural features. The two MWL samples were mainly composed of β-O-4 ether bonds, β-5 and β-β' carbon-carbon linkages in the lignin structural units. Compared to the SMWL, the FMWL fraction had the higher S/G ratio and more carbohydrates linkages. The predominant carbohydrates associated with FMWL and SMWL fractions were glucans-type hemicelluloses and xylan-type hemicelluloses, respectively. Understanding the structure of lignin could give insight into the properties of the lignin and enable the food processing industry to separate lignin more efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Shuang Yin
- Department of Oil Engineering, College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Hua-Min Liu
- Department of Oil Engineering, College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Yu-Lan Liu
- Department of Oil Engineering, College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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20
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Mohapatra S, Dandapat SJ, Thatoi H. Physicochemical characterization, modelling and optimization of ultrasono-assisted acid pretreatment of two Pennisetum sp. using Taguchi and artificial neural networking for enhanced delignification. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 187:537-549. [PMID: 27865731 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.09.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Acid as well as ultrasono-assisted acid pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass of two Pennisetum sp.; Denanath grass (DG) and Hybrid Napier grass (HNG) have been investigated for enhanced delignification and maximum exposure of cellulose for production of bioethanol. Screening of pretreatment with different acids such as H2SO4, HCl, H3PO4 and H2NO3 were optimized for different temperature, soaking time and acid concentrations using Taguchi orthogonal array and the data obtained were statistically validated using artificial neural networking. HCl was found to be the most effective acid for pretreatment of both the Pennisetum sp. The optimized conditions of HCl pretreatment were acid concentration of 1% and 1.5%, soaking time 130 and 50 min and temperature 121 °C and 110 °C which yielded maximum delignification of 33.0% and 33.8% for DG and HNG respectively. Further ultrosono-assisted HCl pretreatment with a power supply of 100 W, temperature of 353 K, and duty cycle of 70% has resulted in significantly higher delignification of 80.4% and 82.1% for both DG and HNG respectively than that of acid pretreatment. Investigation using SEM, FTIR and autofloresence microscopy for both acid and ultrasono-assisted acid pretreatment lignocellulosic biomass revealed conformational changes of pretreated lignocellulosic biomass with decreased lignin content and increased exposure of cellulose, with greater effectiveness in case of ultrasono assisted acid pretreatment condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Mohapatra
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering and Technology, Biju Pattnaik University of Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751003, India
| | - Snigdha Jyotsna Dandapat
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering and Technology, Biju Pattnaik University of Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751003, India
| | - Hrudayanath Thatoi
- Department of Biotechnology, North Orissa University, Sriramchandra Vihar, Takatpur, Baripada, 757003, Odisha, India.
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21
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Manjamadha VP, Muthukumar K. Pretreated Lignocellulosic Waste Mediated Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Under Room Temperature. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219581x16600012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The current work elucidates the utilization of biowaste as a valuable reducing agent for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. In this study, the wastewater generated during the alkaline pretreatment of lignocellulosic wastes (APLW) was used as a bioreductant to reduce silver nitrate under room temperature. Synthesis of stable silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was achieved rapidly on addition of APLW into the silver nitrate solution (1[Formula: see text]mM). The morphological characterization of AgNPs was performed using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The micrograph clearly depicted the presence of spherical AgNPs. The presence of elemental silver along with biomoilties was determined using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) analysis. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) study proved the crystalline form of stable AgNPs. The AgNPs exhibited excellent antibacterial performance against Gram negative organism. The immediate bioreduction of silver ions using APLW was well illustrated in the present study. Thus, APLW serve as an alternative source for reducing agents instead of utilizing valuable medicinal plants for nanoparticles synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. P. Manjamadha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Alagappa College of Technology Campus, Anna University, Chennai, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - Karuppan Muthukumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Alagappa College of Technology Campus, Anna University, Chennai, Chennai 600 025, India
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22
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Sindhu R, Kuttiraja M, Prabisha TP, Binod P, Sukumaran RK, Pandey A. Development of a combined pretreatment and hydrolysis strategy of rice straw for the production of bioethanol and biopolymer. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 215:110-116. [PMID: 26949053 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.02.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study highlights the development of a combined pretreatment and hydrolysis strategy of rice straw for the production of bioethanol and biopolymer (poly-3-hydroxybutyrate). Maximum reducing sugar yield was 0.374g/g. The hydrolyzate is devoid of major fermentation inhibitors like furfural and organic acids and can be used for fermentation without any detoxification. Fermentation of the non-detoxified hydrolyzate with Saccharomyces cerevisiae yielded 1.48% of ethanol with a fermentation efficiency of 61.25% and with Comamonas sp. yielded 35.86% of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate without any nutrient supplementation. Characterization of native, control as well as the residue left out after combined pretreatment and hydrolysis of RS by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction showed difference. Compositional analysis revealed that the residue contains lignin and hemicellulose as the major component indicating that major portion of cellulose were hydrolyzed in this strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raveendran Sindhu
- Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, CSIR, Trivandrum 695 019, India.
| | - Mathiyazhakan Kuttiraja
- Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, CSIR, Trivandrum 695 019, India
| | | | - Parameswaran Binod
- Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, CSIR, Trivandrum 695 019, India
| | - Rajeev K Sukumaran
- Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, CSIR, Trivandrum 695 019, India
| | - Ashok Pandey
- Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, CSIR, Trivandrum 695 019, India
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23
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Zhang K, Pei Z, Wang D. Organic solvent pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for biofuels and biochemicals: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 199:21-33. [PMID: 26343573 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.08.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2015] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass represents the largest potential volume and lowest cost for biofuel and biochemical production. Pretreatment is an essential component of biomass conversion process, affecting a majority of downstream processes, including enzymatic hydrolysis, fermentation, and final product separation. Organic solvent pretreatment is recognized as an emerging way ahead because of its inherent advantages, such as the ability to fractionate lignocellulosic biomass into cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose components with high purity, as well as easy solvent recovery and solvent reuse. Objectives of this review were to update and extend previous works on pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for biofuels and biochemicals using organic solvents, especially on ethanol, methanol, ethylene glycol, glycerol, acetic acid, and formic acid. Perspectives and recommendations were given to fully describe implementation of proper organic solvent pretreatment for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Zhijian Pei
- Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Donghai Wang
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
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24
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Prospects for Irradiation in Cellulosic Ethanol Production. BIOTECHNOLOGY RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:157139. [PMID: 26839707 PMCID: PMC4709612 DOI: 10.1155/2015/157139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Second generation bioethanol production technology relies on lignocellulosic biomass composed of hemicelluloses, celluloses, and lignin components. Cellulose and hemicellulose are sources of fermentable sugars. But the structural characteristics of lignocelluloses pose hindrance to the conversion of these sugar polysaccharides into ethanol. The process of ethanol production, therefore, involves an expensive and energy intensive step of pretreatment, which reduces the recalcitrance of lignocellulose and makes feedstock more susceptible to saccharification. Various physical, chemical, biological, or combined methods are employed to pretreat lignocelluloses. Irradiation is one of the common and promising physical methods of pretreatment, which involves ultrasonic waves, microwaves, γ-rays, and electron beam. Irradiation is also known to enhance the effect of saccharification. This review explains the role of different radiations in the production of cellulosic ethanol.
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25
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Xu JK, Sun YC, Sun RC. Synergistic effects of ionic liquid plus alkaline pretreatments on eucalyptus: Lignin structure and cellulose hydrolysis. Process Biochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2015.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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26
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Eblaghi M, Niakousari M, Sarshar M, Mesbahi GR. Combining Ultrasound with Mild Alkaline Solutions as an Effective Pretreatment to Boost the Release of Sugar Trapped in Sugarcane Bagasse for Bioethanol Production. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.12220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Eblaghi
- Department of Food Science and Technology; College of Agriculture; Shiraz University; Shiraz 7144165186 Iran
| | - Mehrdad Niakousari
- Department of Food Science and Technology; College of Agriculture; Shiraz University; Shiraz 7144165186 Iran
- Faculty of Advanced Technologies; Shiraz University; Shiraz 7144816189 Iran
| | | | - Gholam Reza Mesbahi
- Department of Food Science and Technology; College of Agriculture; Shiraz University; Shiraz 7144165186 Iran
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27
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Zhou C, Jiang W, Cheng Q, Via BK. Multivariate Calibration and Model Integrity for Wood Chemistry Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2015; 2015:429846. [PMID: 26576321 PMCID: PMC4630394 DOI: 10.1155/2015/429846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
This research addressed a rapid method to monitor hardwood chemical composition by applying Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, with particular interest in model performance for interpretation and prediction. Partial least squares (PLS) and principal components regression (PCR) were chosen as the primary models for comparison. Standard laboratory chemistry methods were employed on a mixed genus/species hardwood sample set to collect the original data. PLS was found to provide better predictive capability while PCR exhibited a more precise estimate of loading peaks and suggests that PCR is better for model interpretation of key underlying functional groups. Specifically, when PCR was utilized, an error in peak loading of ±15 cm(-1) from the true mean was quantified. Application of the first derivative appeared to assist in improving both PCR and PLS loading precision. Research results identified the wavenumbers important in the prediction of extractives, lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose and further demonstrated the utility in FT-IR for rapid monitoring of wood chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengfeng Zhou
- Forest Products Development Center, School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences, Auburn University, 520 Devall Drive, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- Center for Bioenergy and Bioproducts, Biosystems Engineering, Auburn University, 520 Devall Drive, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Wei Jiang
- Forest Products Development Center, School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences, Auburn University, 520 Devall Drive, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- College of Textiles, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Qingzheng Cheng
- Forest Products Development Center, School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences, Auburn University, 520 Devall Drive, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Brian K. Via
- Forest Products Development Center, School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences, Auburn University, 520 Devall Drive, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- Center for Bioenergy and Bioproducts, Biosystems Engineering, Auburn University, 520 Devall Drive, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- *Brian K. Via:
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28
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Oliver CM, Mawson R, Melton LD, Dumsday G, Welch J, Sanguansri P, Singh TK, Augustin MA. Sequential low and medium frequency ultrasound assists biodegradation of wheat chaff by white rot fungal enzymes. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 111:183-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Revised: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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29
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Chatel G, De Oliveira Vigier K, Jérôme F. Sonochemistry: what potential for conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into platform chemicals? CHEMSUSCHEM 2014; 7:2774-87. [PMID: 25146583 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201402289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
This Review focuses on the use of ultrasound to produce chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass. However, the question about the potential of sonochemistry for valorization/conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into added-value chemicals is rather conceptual. Until now, this technology has been mainly used for the production of low-value chemicals such as biodiesel or as simple method for pretreatment or extraction. According to preliminary studies reported in literature, access to added-value chemicals can be easily and sometimes solely obtained by the use of ultrasound. The design of sonochemical parameters offers many opportunities to develop new eco-friendly and efficient processes. The goal of this Review is to understand why the use of ultrasound is focused rather on pretreatment or extraction of lignocellulosic biomass rather than on the production of chemicals and to understand, through the reported examples, which directions need to be followed to favor strategies based on ultrasound-assisted production of chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass. We believe that ultrasound-assisted processes represent an innovative approach and will create a growing interest in academia but also in the industry in the near future. Based on the examples reported in the literature, we critically discuss how sonochemistry could offer new strategies and give rise to new results in lignocellulosic biomass valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Chatel
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP, UMR7285), Université de Poitiers, ENSIP, Bât. 1, 1 Rue Marcel Doré, TSA 41105, 86073-Poitiers Cedex 9, France.
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30
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Zhang M, Sun L, Zhao W, Peng X, Liu F, Wang Y, Bi Y, Zhang H, Zhou Y. Cholesteryl-modification of a glucomannan from Bletilla striata and its hydrogel properties. Molecules 2014; 19:9089-100. [PMID: 24983859 PMCID: PMC6271147 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19079089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2014] [Revised: 06/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A glucomannan-type polysaccharide, named BSP, was obtained from the tubers of Bletilla striata by ultrasonic-assisted extraction, ethanol precipitation, deproteination and gel-permeation chromatography. HPLC analysis revealed that BSP contained mannose and glucose in the molar ratio of 3.5:1. Its molecular weight (Mw) was estimated to be 20 kDa. Methylation analysis, FT-IR and NMR analyses indicated that BSP consisted of (1→4)-linked β-d-glucopyranosyl residues and (1→4)-linked β-d-mannopyranosyl residues. Cholesteryl succinate was linked to BSP to make it more amphiphilic and the degree of substitution of cholesteryl succinate-BSP was 3.2%. The critical micelle concentration of modified BSP was 0.001 mg/mL, suggesting it could self-assemble into nanoparticles in aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengshan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Lin Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Wencui Zhao
- Pharmacy Department, Chinese People's Liberation Army 208 Hospital, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Xiaoxia Peng
- School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Fuqiang Liu
- Pharmacy Department, Chinese People's Liberation Army 208 Hospital, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Yanping Wang
- Pharmacy Department, Chinese People's Liberation Army 208 Hospital, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Yajing Bi
- Pharmacy Department, Chinese People's Liberation Army 208 Hospital, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Hengbi Zhang
- Pharmacy Department, Chinese People's Liberation Army 208 Hospital, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Yifa Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
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31
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Lee AY, Kim HS, Choi G, Moon BC, Chun JM, Kim HK. Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Active Compounds from the Fruit of Star Anise by Using Response Surface Methodology. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-014-9803-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Tetik N, Yüksel E. Ultrasound-assisted extraction of D-pinitol from carob pods using Response Surface Methodology. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2014; 21:860-865. [PMID: 24090831 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2013.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This study reports on the optimization of the conditions of extraction of D-pinitol compound from carob pods by using ultrasonication. For this purpose, the Box-Behnken design, which is a widely used form of Response Surface Methodology, was used to investigate the effects of parameters on the ultrasound-assisted extraction. Four independent variables, temperature (°C), ultrasonic power (W), dilution rate (material:water ratio) and time (min), were studied. The results showed that the highest D-pinitol concentration of 11.98 g/L was obtained with an extraction temperature of 50 °C, ultrasonic power of 207 W, a dilution rate of 1:4 and an extraction time of 120 min. It was found that the D-pinitol concentration of carob extract increased with the effect of ultrasonication during the extraction process. Therefore, ultrasound-assisted extraction could be used as an alternative to conventional hot water extraction with respect to the recovery of D-pinitol from carob pods with the advantages of lower extraction temperatures, shorter extraction time and reduced energy consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nedim Tetik
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, 07058 Antalya, Turkey.
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PREPARATION OF SURFACTANT WITH THE AID OF ULTRASONIC TREATMENT VIA ALKYLATION OF SODIUM LIGNOSULFONATE. ACTA POLYM SIN 2013. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1105.2013.13068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Wells T, Kosa M, Ragauskas AJ. Polymerization of Kraft lignin via ultrasonication for high-molecular-weight applications. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2013; 20:1463-9. [PMID: 23714331 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2013.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Kraft lignin is an inexpensive and abundant byproduct of pulp mills that can be used in the synthesis of adhesives and carbon fibers along with energy production. Some of these material applications favor the utilization of high molecular weight (HMW) lignin. This study investigates the use of ultrasonics as a means to increase the degree of polymerization (DP) of highly purified Kraft lignin. Treated samples were characterized by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, (13)C and (31)P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). After 15 min of sustained cavitation, ultrasonicated lignin generated a high molecular-weight fraction (~35%) that had a weight-average molecular weight (Mw) over 450-fold greater than the initial Kraft lignin sample. (13)C-NMR and (31)P-NMR analysis indicated that the highly-polymerized fraction was enriched with C5 condensed phenolic structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyrone Wells
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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REN Q, XING H, BAO Z, SU B, YANG Q, YANG Y, ZHANG Z. Recent Advances in Separation of Bioactive Natural Products. Chin J Chem Eng 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s1004-9541(13)60560-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Bussemaker MJ, Zhang D. Effect of Ultrasound on Lignocellulosic Biomass as a Pretreatment for Biorefinery and Biofuel Applications. Ind Eng Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ie3022785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine J. Bussemaker
- Centre for Energy (M473), The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley,
WA 6009, Australia
| | - Dongke Zhang
- Centre for Energy (M473), The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley,
WA 6009, Australia
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García A, Alriols MG, Labidi J. Evaluation of the effect of ultrasound on organosolv black liquor from olive tree pruning residues. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 108:155-161. [PMID: 22277207 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2011] [Revised: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 01/04/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasonic treatments (0, 15, 30, 60 and 120 min) were applied to black liquor resulting from organosolv fractionation of olive tree pruning residues (ethanol/water 60/40 v/v, 180 °C, 60 min) in order to determine their effect on black liquor components. HPLC analyses of ultrasound-treated liquid fractions demonstrated that ultrasonic irradiation promoted up to 20% degradation of monosaccharides for 15 min of sonication and an increase of monomeric sugars from 3% to 16% due lignin-carbohydrate complex rupture. The quality and purity of the lignin precipitated from sonicated liquors by adding acidified water were assessed. Attenuated-total reflectance infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) confirmed that main lignin structure did not change due sonication, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and chemical composition and antioxidant behavior showed purification of lignin samples. These results established sonication as a suitable intensification technology in biorefinery processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Araceli García
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country, Plaza Europa 1, 20018 Donostia - San Sebastián, Spain.
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