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Li L, Qiao Y, Zhang L, Li C, Liu Z, Ma R, Yang L, Li J, Zheng Y. Effects of cavitation erosion-induced surface damage on the corrosion behaviour of TA31 Ti alloy. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 98:106498. [PMID: 37385045 PMCID: PMC10320378 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
This study used electrochemical noise technology to analyse the effects of surface damage induced by cavitation erosion (CE) on the pitting and passivation behaviours of TA31 Ti alloy. According to the results, TA31 Ti alloy exhibited high corrosion resistance in NaCl solutions. However, the residual tensile stress layer generated during grinding and polishing reduced its passivation ability. Subsequently, the residual tensile stress layer was eliminated after CE for 1 h, improving the passivation ability of the material. Thereafter, pitting corrosion was initiated on the material surface. Increasing the CE time from 1 h to 2 h gradually decreased the passivation ability of the alloy. A large number of CE holes promoted the transition from pitting initiation to metastable pitting growth. which gradually dominated the surface of TA31 Ti alloy. The damage mechanism of uniform thinning increased the passivation ability and stability of the alloy with the increase in CE time from 2 h to 6 h. Therefore, the surface of TA31 Ti alloy was dominated by the initiation of pitting corrosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yanxin Qiao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China.
| | - Lianmin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Chengtao Li
- Suzhou Nuclear Power Research Institute, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Zhong Liu
- Suzhou Nuclear Power Research Institute, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Rongyao Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Lanlan Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China
| | - Jingyong Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China.
| | - Yugui Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
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Li Z, Xu Z, Zhao D, Chen S, Yan J. Ultrasonic cavitation at liquid/solid interface in a thin Ga-In liquid layer with free surface. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 71:105356. [PMID: 33049423 PMCID: PMC7786553 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Cavitation in thin layer of liquid metal has potential applications in chemical reaction, soldering, extraction, and therapeutic equipment. In this work, the cavitation characteristics and acoustic pressure of a thin liquid Ga-In alloy were studied by high speed photography, numerical simulation, and bubble dynamics calculation. A self-made ultrasonic system with a TC4 sonotrode, was operated at a frequency of 20 kHz and a max output power of 1000 W during the cavitation recording experiment. The pressure field characteristic inside the thin liquid layer and its influence on the intensity, types, dimensions, and life cycles of cavitation bubbles and on the cavitation evolution process against experimental parameters were systematically studied. The results showed that acoustic pressure inside the thin liquid layer presented alternating positive and negative characteristics within 1 acoustic period (T). Cavitation bubbles nucleated and grew during the negative-pressure stage and shrank and collapsed during the positive-pressure stage. A high bubble growth speed of 16.8 m/s was obtained and evidenced by bubble dynamics calculation. The maximum absolute pressure was obtained at the bottom of the thin liquid layer and resulted in the strongest cavitation. Cavitation was divided into violent and weak stages. The violent cavitation stage lasted several hundreds of acoustic periods and had higher bubble intensity than the weak cavitation stage. Cavitation cloud preferentially appeared during the violent cavitation stage and had a life of several acoustic periods. Tiny cavitation bubbles with life cycles shorter than 1 T dominated the cavitation field. High cavitation intensities were observed at high ultrasonication power and when Q235B alloy was used because such conditions lead to high amplitudes on the substrate and further high acoustic pressure inside the liquid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Zhiwu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Degang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Shu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jiuchun Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
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Afreen S, Zhu JJ. Effect of switching ultrasonic amplitude in preparing a hybrid of fullerene (C 60) and gallium oxide (Ga 2O 3). ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2020; 67:105178. [PMID: 32464503 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we proposed 'switching ultrasonic amplitude' as a new strategy of applying ultrasonic energy to prepare a hybrid of buckminsterfullerene (C60) and gallium oxide (Ga2O3), C60/Ga2O3. In the proposed method, we switched the ultrasonic amplitude from 25% to 50% (by 5% amplitude per 10 min, within 1 h of ultrasonic irradiation) for the sonochemical treatment of a heterogeneous aqueous mixture of C60 and Ga2O3 by a probe-type ultrasonic horn operating at 20 kHz. We found that compared to the conventional techniques associated with high amplitude oriented ultrasonic preparation of functional materials, switching ultrasonic amplitude can better perform in preparing C60/Ga2O3 with respect to avoiding titanium (Ti) as an impurity generating from the tip erosion of a probe-type ultrasonic horn during high amplitude ultrasonic irradiation in an aqueous medium. Based on SEM/EDX analysis, the quantity of Ti (wt.%) in C60/Ga2O3 prepared by the proposed technique of switching ultrasonic amplitude was found to be 1.7% less than that prepared at 50% amplitude of ultrasonic irradiation. The particles of C60/Ga2O3 prepared by different modes of amplitude formed large (2-12 μm) aggregates in their solid phase.Whereas, in the aqueous medium, they were found to disperse in their nano sizes. The minimum particle size of the as-synthesized C60/Ga2O3 in an aqueous medium prepared by the proposed method of switching ultrasonic amplitude reached to approximately 467 nm. Comparatively, the minimum particle sizes were approximately 658 nm and 144 nm, using 25% and 50% amplitude, respectively. Additionally, Ga2O3 went under hydration during ultrasonic irradiation. Moreover, due to the electron cloud interference from C60 in the hybrid structure of C60/Ga2O3, the vibrational modes of Ga2O3 were Raman inactive in C60/Ga2O3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Afreen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jun Jie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
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Xu J, Zhang SK, Lu XL, Jiang S, Munroe P, Xie ZH. Effect of Al alloying on cavitation erosion behavior of TaSi 2 nanocrystalline coatings. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2019; 59:104742. [PMID: 31473422 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.104742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To broaden the scope of non-aerospace applications for titanium-based alloys, both hexagonal C40 binary TaSi2 and ternary Al alloyed TaSi2 nanocrystalline coatings were exploited to enhance the cavitation erosion resistance of Ti-6Al-4V alloy in acidic environments. To begin with, the roles of Al addition in influencing the structural stability and mechanical properties of hexagonal C40 Ta(Si1-xAlx)2 compounds were modelled using first-principles calculations. The calculated key parameters, such as Pugh's index (B/G ratio), Poisson's ratio, and Cauchy pressures, indicated that there was a threshold value for Al addition, below which the increase of Al content would render the Ta(Si1-xAlx)2 compounds more ductile, but above which no obvious change would occur. Subsequently, the TaSi2 and Ta(Si0.875Al0.125)2 coatings were prepared and their microstructure and phase composition were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Both the two coatings exhibited a uniform thickness of 15 μm and a densely packed structure mainly composed of spherically shaped nanocrystallites with an average diameter of about 5 nm. Nanoindentation measurements revealed that Al alloying reduced the hardness (H) and elastic modulus (E) values of the TaSi2 coating. Ultrasonic cavitation erosion tests were carried out by immersing coated and uncoated samples in a 0.5 M HCl solution. The cavitation-erosion analysis of the tested samples was investigated by various electrochemical techniques, mass loss weight and SEM observation. The results suggested that both coated samples provided a better protection for Ti-6Al-4V against the cavitation-erosion damage in acidic environments, but the addition of Al further improved the cavitation-erosion resistance of the TaSi2 coating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Xu
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 29 Yudao Street, Nanjing 210016, PR China.
| | - Shuai Kang Zhang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 29 Yudao Street, Nanjing 210016, PR China
| | - Xiao Lin Lu
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 29 Yudao Street, Nanjing 210016, PR China
| | - Shuyun Jiang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Si Pai Lou, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - Paul Munroe
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Zong-Han Xie
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA 6027, Australia
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Bakhshandeh HR, Allahkaram SR, Zabihi AH. An investigation on cavitation-corrosion behavior of Ni/β-SiC nanocomposite coatings under ultrasonic field. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2019; 56:229-239. [PMID: 31101258 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Ni/β-SiC nanocomposite coating was electroplated on the 17-4 PH SS (precipitation-hardening stainless steel) in modified Watt's bath. The role of cyclic-cavitation (Duty cycle: 50%) on corrosion behavior of Ni/β-SiC nanocomposite coating in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution was investigated using open circuit potential (OCP), potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. The results of OCP tests demonstrated that cavitation led to positive shifts in the potential for Ni composite coating, while it caused the potential negative shifts in the case of 17-4 PH SS. The results of the polarization tests under cavitation condition exhibited positive shifts in potential and an increase in current density up to a specific anodic potential. In higher anodic potentials, the cavitation had a reverse effect on potential and current density. Moreover, it increased the overall corrosion current density. EIS measurements illustrated a severe reduction in electrochemical resistance of both 17-4 PH SS (from 228.15 kΩ.cm2 to 14.85 kΩ.cm2) and Ni composite coating (from 20.19 kΩ.cm2 to 5.00 kΩ.cm2) after 20 h of the cavitation tests. The cumulative mass loss measurements showed that the mass loss for the substrate (10.3 mg.cm-2) was about five times more than that of Ni composite coating (2.3 mg.cm-2). Also, in the coated specimen, the incubation time is increased and the growth slop of the accelerating period decreased under cavitation condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- H R Bakhshandeh
- School of Metallurgy and Materials, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, North Kargar Street, Tehran, Iran
| | - S R Allahkaram
- School of Metallurgy and Materials, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, North Kargar Street, Tehran, Iran.
| | - A H Zabihi
- School of Metallurgy and Materials, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, North Kargar Street, Tehran, Iran
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Cavitation Damage Prediction of Stainless Steels Using an Artificial Neural Network Approach. METALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/met9050506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cavitation damage has not been well predicted because of its complex relationship of many mechanical and microstructural factors. An artificial neural network approach of the back-propagation network was used to predict cavitation damage of stainless steels, 316L and 420, in terms of the significant influence of cavitation time, roughness, and residual stress on cavitation damage. Mean depth of erosion was used to quantitatively describe cavitation damage of 316L and 420. Prediction accuracy was improved by analyzing the effects of the number and type of input nodes, the number of nodes in the hidden layer, and different activation functions on prediction accuracy. The best performance was in the model with the input nodes of cavitation time and roughness, eleven nodes in the hidden layer, and the activation function of logsig.
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Deng W, An Y, Hou G, Li S, Zhou H, Chen J. Effect of substrate preheating treatment on the microstructure and ultrasonic cavitation erosion behavior of plasma-sprayed YSZ coatings. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2018; 46:1-9. [PMID: 29739507 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Inconel 718 was used as the substrate and preheated at different temperatures to deposit yttrium stabilized zirconia (denoted as YSZ) coatings by atmospheric plasma spraying. The microstructure of the as-deposited YSZ coatings and those after cavitation-erosion tests were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and their hardness and toughness as well as cavitation-erosion resistance were evaluated in relation to the effect of substrate preheating temperature. Results indicate that the as-deposited YSZ coatings exhibit typical layered structure and consist of columnar crystals. With the increase of the substrate preheating temperature, the compactness and cohesion strength of coatings are obviously enhanced, which result in the increases in the hardness, elastic modulus and toughness as well as cavitation-erosion resistance of the ceramic coatings therewith. Particularly, the YSZ coating deposited at a substrate preheating temperature of 800 °C exhibits the highest hardness and toughness as well as the strongest lamellar interfacial bonding and cavitation-erosion resistance (its cavitation-erosion life is as much as 8 times than that of deposited at room temperature).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yulong An
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Guoliang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shuangjian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huidi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jianmin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Lei Y, Chang H, Guo X, Li T, Xiao L. Ultrasonic cavitation erosion of 316L steel weld joint in liquid Pb-Bi eutectic alloy at 550°C. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2017; 39:77-86. [PMID: 28733005 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Liquid lead-bismuth eutectic alloy (LBE) is applied in the Accelerator Driven transmutation System (ADS) as the high-power spallation neutron targets and coolant. A 19.2kHz ultrasonic device was deployed in liquid LBE at 550°C to induce short and long period cavitation erosion damage on the surface of weld joint, SEM and Atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to map out the surface properties, and Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS) was applied to the qualitative and quantitative analysis of elements in the micro region of the surface. The erosion mechanism for how the cavitation erosion evolved by studying the element changes, their morphology evolution, the surface hardness and the roughness evolution, was proposed. The results showed that the pits, caters and cracks appeared gradually on the erode surface after a period of cavitation. The surface roughness increased along with exposure time. Work hardening by the bubbles impact in the incubation stage strengthened the cavitation resistance efficiently. The dissolution and oxidation corrosion and cavitation erosion that simultaneously happened in liquid LBE accelerated corrosion-erosion process, and these two processes combined to cause more serious damage on the material surface. Contrast to the performance of weld metal, base metal exhibited a much better cavitation resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Lei
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Hongxia Chang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xiaokai Guo
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Tianqing Li
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Longren Xiao
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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Li DG, Chen DR, Liang P. Enhancement of cavitation erosion resistance of 316 L stainless steel by adding molybdenum. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2017; 35:375-381. [PMID: 27838220 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The influence of Mo on ultrasonic cavitation erosion of 316 L stainless steel in 3.5% NaCl solution were investigated using an ultrasonic cavitation erosion (CE) facility. The morphologies of specimen after cavitation erosion were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the addition of Mo can sharply decrease the mean depth of erosion (MDE) of 316 L SS, implying the increased resistance of cavitation erosion. In order to better understanding the influence of Mo on the cavitation erosion of 316 L SS, the semi-conductive property of passive films on 316 L SS containing different concentrations of Mo were studied by Mott-Schottky plot. Based on Mott-Schottky results and semiconductor physics, a physical model was proposed to explain the effect mechanism of Mo on cavitation erosion of 316 L SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- D G Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - D R Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - P Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Hong S, Wu Y, Zhang J, Zheng Y, Zheng Y, Lin J. Synergistic effect of ultrasonic cavitation erosion and corrosion of WC-CoCr and FeCrSiBMn coatings prepared by HVOF spraying. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2016; 31:563-569. [PMID: 26964984 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The high-velocity oxygen-fuel (HVOF) spraying process was used to fabricate conventional WC-10Co-4Cr coatings and FeCrSiBMn amorphous/nanocrystalline coatings. The synergistic effect of cavitation erosion and corrosion of both coatings was investigated. The results showed that the WC-10Co-4Cr coating had better cavitation erosion-corrosion resistance than the FeCrSiBMn coating in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. After eroded for 30 h, the volume loss rate of the WC-10Co-4Cr coating was about 2/5 that of the FeCrSiBMn coating. In the total cumulative volume loss rate under cavitation erosion-corrosion condition, the pure cavitation erosion played a key role for both coatings, and the total contribution of pure corrosion and erosion-induced corrosion of the WC-10Co-4Cr coating was larger than that of the FeCrSiBMn coating. Mechanical effect was the main factor for cavitation erosion-corrosion behavior of both coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Hong
- Institute of Metals and Protection, College of Mechanics and Materials, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, PR China.
| | - Yuping Wu
- Institute of Metals and Protection, College of Mechanics and Materials, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, PR China.
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- Institute of Metals and Protection, College of Mechanics and Materials, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Yugui Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 62 Wencui Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Yuan Zheng
- National Engineering Research Center of Water Resources Efficient Utilization and Engineering Safety, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Jinran Lin
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, PR China
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Li DG, Wang JD, Chen DR, Liang P. Influence of passive potential on the electronic property of the passive film formed on Ti in 0.1 M HCl solution during ultrasonic cavitation. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2016; 29:48-54. [PMID: 26584983 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2015.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The influence of the applied passive potential on the electronic property of the passive film formed on Ti at different potentials in 0.1M HCl solution during ultrasonic cavitation, was investigated by electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) and Mott-Schottky plot. The influence of the applied passive potential on the structure and composition of the passive film was studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). The results showed that the applied passive potential can obviously affect the electronic property of the passive film formed on Ti during ultrasonic cavitation. The resistance of the passive film increased, and the donor density of the passive film decreased with increasing the potential. The flat band potential moved to positive direction and the band gap of the passive film moved to negative direction with increasing potential. AES and XPS results indicated that the thickness of the passive film increased evidently with applying passive potential. The passive film was mainly composed of the mixture of TiO and TiO2. While the TiO2 content increased with increasing the applied passive potential, and the crystallization of the passive film increased with the increased potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- D G Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - J D Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - D R Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - P Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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12
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Li DG. Effect of ultrasonic cavitation on the diffusivity of a point defect in the passive film on formed Nb in 0.5 M HCl solution. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2015; 27:296-306. [PMID: 26186848 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2015.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This work primarily focused on the influence of ultrasonic cavitation on the transport property of the point defect in the passive film on formed Nb in 0.5M HCl solution via electrochemical techniques based on the point defect model (PDM). The influence of ultrasonic cavitation on the composition and structure of the passive film was detected by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). The transport property of a point defect in the passive film was characterized by the diffusivity of the point defect (D0). The influences of the ultrasonic cavitation power, passivated time and the distance between horn bottom and sample surface on D0 were analyzed. The results demonstrated that the passive film formed on Nb was an n-type semiconductor with a donor density (ND) ranging from 10(19) cm(-3) to 10(20) cm(-3) in the case of static state, while the order of ND increased one to two times by applying ultrasonic cavitation during film formation. The diffusivity of the point defect (D0) in the passive film formed on Nb at 0.5 V for 1 h in a 0.5 M HCl solution in the static state was calculated to be 9.704×10(-18) cm(2) s(-1), and it increased to 1.255×10(-16) cm(2) s(-1), 7.259×10(-16) cm(2) s(-1) and 7.296×10(-15) cm(2) s(-1) when applying the 180 W, 270 W and 450 W ultrasonic cavitation powers during film formation. D0 increased with the increment of the ultrasonic cavitation power, and decreased with the increased in formation time and distance between the horn bottom and sample surface. AES results showed the film structure and composition were changed by applying the ultrasonic cavitation. XPS results revealed that the passive film was mainly composed of Nb2O5 in the static state, and the low valence Nb-oxide (NbO) appeared in the passive film except Nb2O5 in the case of applying a 270 W ultrasonic cavitation power.
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Affiliation(s)
- D G Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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13
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Hong S, Wu Y, Zhang J, Zheng Y, Qin Y, Lin J. Effect of ultrasonic cavitation erosion on corrosion behavior of high-velocity oxygen-fuel (HVOF) sprayed near-nanostructured WC-10Co-4Cr coating. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2015; 27:374-378. [PMID: 26186856 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The effect of ultrasonic cavitation erosion on electrochemical corrosion behavior of high-velocity oxygen-fuel (HVOF) sprayed near-nanostructured WC-10Co-4Cr coating in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution, was investigated using free corrosion potential, potentiodynamic polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in comparison with stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti. The results showed that cavitation erosion strongly enhanced the cathodic current density, shifted the free corrosion potential in the anodic direction, and reduced the magnitude of impedance of the coating. The impedance of the coating decreased more slowly under cavitation conditions than that of the stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti, suggesting that corrosion behavior of the coating was less affected by cavitation erosion than that of the stainless steel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Hong
- Institute of Metals and Protection, College of Mechanics and Materials, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, PR China.
| | - Yuping Wu
- Institute of Metals and Protection, College of Mechanics and Materials, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, PR China.
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- Institute of Metals and Protection, College of Mechanics and Materials, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Yugui Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 62 Wencui Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Yujiao Qin
- Institute of Metals and Protection, College of Mechanics and Materials, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Jinran Lin
- Institute of Metals and Protection, College of Mechanics and Materials, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, PR China
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