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Alghamdi HS, Ali A, Ajeebi AM, Jedidi A, Sanhoob M, Aktary M, Shabi AH, Usman M, Alghamdi W, Alzahrani S, Abdul Aziz M, Shaikh MN. Catalysts for Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers (LOHCs): Efficient Storage and Transport for Renewable Energy. CHEM REC 2024:e202400082. [PMID: 39385654 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
Restructuring the current energy industry towards sustainability requires transitioning from carbon based to renewable energy sources, reducing CO2 emissions. Hydrogen, is considered a significant clean energy carrier. However, it faces challenges in transportation and storage due to its high reactivity, flammability, and low density under ambient conditions. Liquid organic hydrogen carriers offer a solution for storing hydrogen because they allow for the economical and practical storage of organic compounds in regular vessels through hydrogenation and dehydrogenation. This review evaluates several hydrogen technologies aimed at addressing the challenges associated with hydrogen transportation and its economic viablity. The discussion delves into exploring the catalysts and their activity in the context of catalysts' development. This review highlights the pivotal role of various catalyst materials in enhancing the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation activities of multiple LOHC systems, including benzene/cyclohexane, toluene/methylcyclohexane (MCH), N-ethylcarbazole (NEC)/dodecahydro-N-ethylcarbazole (H12-NEC), and dibenzyltoluene (DBT)/perhydrodibenzyltoluene (H18-DBT). By exploring the catalytic properties of noble metals, transition metals, and multimetallic catalysts, the review provides valuable insights into their design and optimization. Also, the discussion revolved around the implementation of a hydrogen economy on a global scale, with a particular focus on the plans pertaining to Saudi Arabia and the GCC (Gulf Cooperation Council) countries. The review lays out the challenges this technology will face, including the need to increase its H2 capacity, reduce energy consumption by providing solutions, and guarantee the thermal stability of the materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huda S Alghamdi
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen Technologies and Carbon Management (IRC-HTCM), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, -31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahsan Ali
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen Technologies and Carbon Management (IRC-HTCM), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, -31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afnan M Ajeebi
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen Technologies and Carbon Management (IRC-HTCM), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, -31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdesslem Jedidi
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Sanhoob
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen Technologies and Carbon Management (IRC-HTCM), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, -31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahbuba Aktary
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - A H Shabi
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen Technologies and Carbon Management (IRC-HTCM), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, -31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Usman
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen Technologies and Carbon Management (IRC-HTCM), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, -31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wasan Alghamdi
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen Technologies and Carbon Management (IRC-HTCM), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, -31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahad Alzahrani
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen Technologies and Carbon Management (IRC-HTCM), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, -31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Abdul Aziz
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen Technologies and Carbon Management (IRC-HTCM), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, -31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Nasiruzzaman Shaikh
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen Technologies and Carbon Management (IRC-HTCM), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, -31261, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
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Zhuang K, Jin P, Yang L, Yao J, Yu L, Sheng Z, Chu X, Zhuang Z, Chen X. Different morphologies on Cu-Ce/TiO 2 catalysts for the selective catalytic reduction of NO x with NH 3 and DRIFTS study on sol-gel nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2023; 13:25989-26000. [PMID: 37664208 PMCID: PMC10472399 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra03018k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The copper-cerium binary oxide catalysts supported by titanium dioxide with nanosphere core-shell structures, nanotube (TNT) core-shell structures, impregnation (imp) nanoparticles and sol-gel nanoparticles were prepared for NH3-SCR of NOx under medium-low temperature conditions. The effect of different morphologies on the Cu-Ce/TiO2 catalysts was comprehensively studied through physicochemical characterization. The results showed that the sol-gel nanoparticles exhibited 100% NOx reduction efficiency in the temperature range of 180-400 °C. Compared with the other catalysts, the sol-gel nanoparticle catalyst had the highest dispersion and lowest crystallinity, indicating that morphology played an important role in the NH3-SCR of the catalyst. The in situ DRIFTS study on the sol-gel nanoparticle catalyst shows that cerium could promote Cu2+ to produce abundant Lewis acid sites, which would significantly increase the adsorption reaction of ammonia on the catalyst surface, thereby promoting the occurrence of the Eley-Rideal (E-R) mechanism. With the Ce-Ti interaction on the atomic scale, the Ce-O-Ti structure enhanced the redox properties at a medium temperature. In addition, cerium oxide enhances the strong interaction between the catalyst matrix and CuO particles. Therefore, the reducibility of the CuO species was enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhuang
- State Power Environmental Protection Research Institute Nanjing 210031 Jiangsu China
| | - Pengkai Jin
- School of Environment, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Response Technology, Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu China
| | - Liu Yang
- School of Environment, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Response Technology, Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu China
| | - Jie Yao
- State Power Environmental Protection Research Institute Nanjing 210031 Jiangsu China
| | - Lemeng Yu
- State Power Environmental Protection Research Institute Nanjing 210031 Jiangsu China
| | - Zhongyi Sheng
- School of Environment, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Response Technology, Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu China
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Sciences, Yili Normal University Yining 835000 Xinjiang China
| | - Xinyue Chu
- School of Environment, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Response Technology, Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu China
| | - Zhipeng Zhuang
- Guangzhou HuaKe Environmental Protection Engineering Co Ltd Guangzhou 510655 Guangdong China
- South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment Guangzhou 510655 Guangdong China
| | - Xiongbo Chen
- South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment Guangzhou 510655 Guangdong China
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Zhang X, Xu Z, Jiang M, Chen S, Han Z, Liu Y, Liu Y. Enhanced activity of CuOy/TNTs doped by CeOx for catalytic ozonation of 1,2-dichloroethane at normal temperatures: performance and catalytic mechanism. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Wu Y, Liu X, Bai X, Wu W. Ultrasonic-assisted preparation of ultrafine Pd nanocatalysts loaded on Cl --intercalated MgAl layered double hydroxides for the catalytic dehydrogenation of dodecahydro-N-ethylcarbazole. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2022; 88:106097. [PMID: 35878511 PMCID: PMC9310112 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.106097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
N-ethylcarbazole/dodecahydro-N-ethylcarbazole (NEC/H12-NEC) is a promising LOHC, and the development of a catalyst with high activity and stability is the key to realizing its reversible hydrogen storage process. In this paper, ultrafine Pd nanocrystalline catalysts (Pd/LDHs-us) supported on Cl--intercalated MgAl LDHs were prepared by a simple ultrasonic-assisted reduction method and applied in the dehydrogenation of 12H-NEC. In the process of ultrasonic-assisted reduction, the instantaneous high temperature generated by cavitation decomposed part of the CO32- in LDHs interlayer, and promoted PdCl42- to enter the interlayer and become new intercalated ions. At the same time, hydroxyl groups on the surface of LDHs were excited to generate hydrogen radicals (•H) with strong reducibility, which reduced PdCl42- to Pd nanoparticles (PdNPs) in situ. The remaining Cl- ions continued to exist in the interlayer as intercalated ions. The agglomeration of PdNPs was effectively inhibited, and the average particle size was 1.8 nm, which was uniformly dispersed on LDHs, which improved the catalytic activity of Pd/LDHs-us. The coordination between PdNPs and oxygen in the hydroxyl groups on the surface of LDHs improved its catalytic stability. Using Pd/LDHs-us catalyst, the conversion rate of H12-NEC was 100.0 %, and the dehydrogenation efficiency was 99.3 % at 180℃. When the reaction temperature drops to 170℃, the dehydrogenation efficiency can still reach 94.6 %, showing excellent catalytic performance. The study of dehydrogenation kinetics shows that the apparent activation energy of Pd/LDHs-us catalyst is only 90.97 kJ/mol. This provides a new method and idea for the preparation of efficient dehydrogenation catalysts in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanpeng Wu
- National Center for International Research on Catalytic Technology, Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Xiaoran Liu
- National Center for International Research on Catalytic Technology, Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Xuefeng Bai
- National Center for International Research on Catalytic Technology, Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; Institute of Petrochemistry, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Wei Wu
- National Center for International Research on Catalytic Technology, Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China.
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Liu X, Shi J, Bai X, Wu W. Ultrasonic-assisted synthesis of highly stable RuPd bimetallic catalysts supported on MgAl-layered double hydroxide for N-ethylcarbazole hydrogenation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:48558-48572. [PMID: 35192166 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19203-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
N-Ethylcarbazole (NEC), as a promising liquid organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC), can store and release hydrogen through a reversible catalytic hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reaction. In this paper, RuPd bimetallic nanocatalyst supported on MgAl-layered double hydroxide (RuPd/LDH) was prepared by ultrasonic-assisted reduction method, and its catalytic performance in NEC hydrogenation was also studied. Under the action of ultrasound, hydroxyl groups (-OH) on the surface of LDH support dissociated into highly reductive hydrogen radicals for the reduction of Ru3+ and Pd2+ to Ru0 and Pd0. For the 4Ru1Pd/LDH-(300-1) catalyst prepared under ultrasonic conditions of 25 kHz, 300 W, and 1 h, the average size of the metal nanoparticles was only 1.23 nm, which indicated that Ru, Pd, and RuPd NPs were highly dispersed on the support. The strong electronic effects between Ru and Pd improved its catalytic performance in NEC hydrogenation. With m(Ru+Pd)/m(NEC) = 0.2wt%, pressure of 6 MPa, and temperature of 120 °C, the selectivity of dodecahydro-N-ethylcarbazole (12H-NEC) was 98.07%, and the capacity and percentage of hydrogen storage were 5.75wt% and 99.3%, respectively. After the catalyst was recycled 8 times, the percentage of hydrogen storage still reached 98.9%, showing higher stability. The preparation method is simple and environmentally friendly, providing an idea for the preparation of ultrafine bimetallic catalysts with high catalytic activity and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Liu
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Jiaming Shi
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Xuefeng Bai
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
- Institute of Petrochemistry, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Wei Wu
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China.
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Zhang W, Tang Y, Xiao W, Ruan M, Yin Y, Song Q, Xie K, Qin C, Dong M, Zhou Y, Li J. Promotional mechanism of enhanced denitration activity with Cu modification in a Ce/TiO 2-ZrO 2 catalyst for a low temperature NH 3-SCR system. RSC Adv 2021; 12:378-388. [PMID: 35424492 PMCID: PMC8978642 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra06325a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the enhanced low temperature denitration activity and promotional mechanism of a cerium-based catalyst through copper modification. In this paper, copper and cerium oxides were supported on TiO2-ZrO2 by an impregnation method, their catalytic activity tests of selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO with NH3 were carried out and their physicochemical properties were characterized. The CuCe/TiO2-ZrO2 catalyst shows obviously enhanced NH3-SCR activity at low temperature (<300 °C), which is associated with the well dispersed active ingredients and the synergistic effect between copper and cerium species (Cu2+ + Ce3+ ↔ Cu+ + Ce4+), and the increased ratios of surface chemisorbed oxygen and Cu+/Cu2+ lead to the enhanced low-temperature SCR activity. The denitration reaction mechanism over the CuCe/TiO2-ZrO2 catalyst was investigated by in situ DRIFTS and DFT studies. Results illustrate that the NH3 is inclined to adsorb on the Cu acidic sites (Lewis acid sites), and the NH2 and NH2NO species are the key intermediates in the low-temperature NH3-SCR process, which can explain the promotional effect of Cu modification on denitration activity of Ce/TiO2-ZrO2 at the molecular level. Finally, we have reasonably concluded a NH3-SCR catalytic cycle involving the Eley-Rideal mechanism and Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism, and the former mechanism dominates in the NH3-SCR reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- College of Energy and Power Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology Changsha 410114 China
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy Electric-Technology of Hunan Province Changsha 410114 China
| | - Yunhao Tang
- College of Energy and Power Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology Changsha 410114 China
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy Electric-Technology of Hunan Province Changsha 410114 China
| | - Wei Xiao
- College of Energy and Power Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology Changsha 410114 China
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy Electric-Technology of Hunan Province Changsha 410114 China
| | - Min Ruan
- College of Energy and Power Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology Changsha 410114 China
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy Electric-Technology of Hunan Province Changsha 410114 China
| | - Yanshan Yin
- College of Energy and Power Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology Changsha 410114 China
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy Electric-Technology of Hunan Province Changsha 410114 China
| | - Quanbin Song
- College of Energy and Power Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology Changsha 410114 China
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy Electric-Technology of Hunan Province Changsha 410114 China
| | - Kang Xie
- College of Energy and Power Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology Changsha 410114 China
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy Electric-Technology of Hunan Province Changsha 410114 China
| | - Chuan Qin
- College of Energy and Power Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology Changsha 410114 China
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy Electric-Technology of Hunan Province Changsha 410114 China
| | - Mengyao Dong
- College of Energy and Power Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology Changsha 410114 China
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy Electric-Technology of Hunan Province Changsha 410114 China
| | - Yunhe Zhou
- College of Energy and Power Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology Changsha 410114 China
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy Electric-Technology of Hunan Province Changsha 410114 China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Energy and Power Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology Changsha 410114 China
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy Electric-Technology of Hunan Province Changsha 410114 China
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Wang S, Fu H, Liu L, Zhang Z, Liu M, Huang Y. Effect of Co-combustion of Multiple Additives with Coal on NO Removal. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:33676-33684. [PMID: 34926915 PMCID: PMC8675036 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Denitrification experiments of co-combustion of coal and additives were carried out in a horizontal tube furnace. The results showed that calcium acetate limited the production of NO2. The optimum calcination temperature of CTAB-Zr-TiO2 was 673 K. The denitrification efficiency reached up to 72.27%, and desulfurization efficiency reached 83.03% when corncob, calcium acetate, and CTAB-Zr-TiO2 were added. Corncob, calcium acetate, and CTAB-Zr-TiO2 all promoted coal combustion. The specific surface area of CTAB-Zr-TiO2 (55.50 m2/g) was the largest, which was more than 4.5 times that of pure TiO2 (12.20 m2/g). The denitrification process in the co-combustion of coal with multiple additives included a homogeneous reaction and heterogeneous reaction. The homogeneous reaction was that NO and NO2 were reduced to N2 by reducing gases produced in combustion. The heterogeneous reaction involved the reduction of NO and NO2 by coal char. The additives increased the specific surface area of the coal char and enhanced the activity of the heterogeneous reduction of NO and NO2. At the same time, the catalysis of alkali metal oxides in corncob and CTAB-Zr-TiO2 promoted the heterogeneous reduction of NO and NO2 by the coal char.
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Liu X, Shi J, Bai X, Wu W. Ultrasound-excited hydrogen radical from NiFe layered double hydroxide for preparation of ultrafine supported Ru nanocatalysts in hydrogen storage of N-ethylcarbazole. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 81:105840. [PMID: 34837735 PMCID: PMC8637643 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Highly active Ru nanoparticles (Ru NPs) supported on NiFe layered double hydroxide (Ru/NiFe-LDH) are prepared easily using ultrasound-assisted reduction method without chemical reductants and stabilizers. The plentiful hydroxyls on NiFe-LDH are excited into hydrogen radicals (H) under the action of ultrasound for reducing Ru3+ to Ru0. Ru NPs with an average particle size of 1.26 nm highly disperse on the mesopore-like surface of NiFe-LDH, which improve the catalytic performance for N-ethylcarbazole (NEC) hydrogenation. The experimental results show that 5Ru/NiFe-LDH-300-60 exhibits the best catalytic performance with 100% conversion of NEC, 98.88% yield of dodecahydro-N-ethylcarbazole (12H-NEC) and 5.77 wt% mass hydrogen storage capacity under the reaction conditions of 110 ℃, 6 MPa and mRu:mNEC = 0.15 wt% for 80 min. The kinetics study shows that the apparent activation energy is only 25.15 kJ/mol, which is the lowest in the reported literatures. Ru complexes with O-contained groups on NiFe-LDH, improving the catalytic stability in NEC hydrogenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Liu
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Jiaming Shi
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Xuefeng Bai
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; Institute of Petrochemistry, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Wei Wu
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China.
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