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Shen X, Ke X, Li T, Sun C, Duan X. Generation, control, and application of stable bubbles in a hypersonic acoustic system. LAB ON A CHIP 2024. [PMID: 39206785 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00591k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Bubble-based microfluidics has been applied in many fields. However, there remains a need for a facile and flexible method for stable bubble generation and control in a microchannel. This paper reports a hypersonic acoustic system that can generate and release functional stable bubbles in a microchannel in an on-demand manner. It was found that the hypersonic frequency in this system played a vital role in the generation and control of bubbles. Specifically, a nanostructurally enhanced acoustic resonator was used to generate highly localized ultrahigh-frequency acoustic waves that ensured the feasibility and rapidity of bubble generation. Simultaneously, the acoustothermal effect of hypersound was harnessed to effectuate precise control over the bubble size. In addition, high-throughput droplet splitting was performed to confirm the stability of bubbles and their functionality in micromanipulation. The results showed that a mother droplet could be split controllably into a desired number of daughter droplets with specific volume ratios. In summary, the hypersonic acoustic system was demonstrated to be capable of on-demand-generation of stable bubbles in a microfluidic context and thus may extend the bubble-based applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, School of Precision Instrument and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Xianwu Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, School of Precision Instrument and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Tiechuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, School of Precision Instrument and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Chongling Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, School of Precision Instrument and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Xuexin Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, School of Precision Instrument and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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Wang M, Zhang W, Chen Z, Paulus YM, Wang X, Yang X. Real-Time Cavitation Monitoring During Optical Coherence Tomography Guided Photo-Mediated Ultrasound Therapy of the Retina. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2024; 71:2473-2482. [PMID: 38478443 PMCID: PMC11257808 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2024.3377115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Photo-mediated ultrasound therapy (PUT) is a novel antivascular therapeutic modality based on cavitation-induced bioeffects. During PUT, synergistic combinations of laser pulses and ultrasound bursts are used to remove the targeted microvessels selectively and precisely without harming nearby tissue. In the current study, an integrated system combining PUT and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) was developed, where the SD-OCT system was used to guide PUT by detecting cavitation in real time in the retina of the eye. METHOD We first examined the capability of SD-OCT in detecting cavitation on a vascular-mimicking phantom and compared the results with those from a passive cavitation detector. The performance of the integrated system in treatment of choroidal microvessels was then evaluated in rabbit eyes in vivo. RESULTS During the in vivo PUT experiments, several biomarkers at the subretinal layer in the rabbit eye were identified on OCT images. The findings indicate that, by evaluating biomarkers of treatment effect, real-time SD-OCT monitoring could help to avoid micro-hemorrhage, which is a potential major side effect. CONCLUSION Real-time OCT monitoring can thus improve the safety and efficiency of PUT in removing the retinal and choroidal microvasculature.
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Nayak N, Bhujle RR, Nanje-Gowda N, Chakraborty S, Siliveru K, Subbiah J, Brennan C. Advances in the novel and green-assisted techniques for extraction of bioactive compounds from millets: A comprehensive review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30921. [PMID: 38784533 PMCID: PMC11112340 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Millets are rich in nutritional and bioactive compounds, including polyphenols and flavonoids, and have the potential to combat malnutrition and various diseases. However, extracting these bioactive compounds can be challenging, as conventional methods are energy-intensive and can lead to thermal degradation. Green-assisted techniques have emerged as promising methods for sustainable and efficient extraction. This review explores recent trends in employing green-assisted techniques for extracting bioactive compounds from millets, and potential applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. The objective is to evaluate and comprehend the parameters involved in different extraction methods, including energy efficiency, extraction yield, and the preservation of compound quality. The potential synergies achieved by integrating multiple extraction methods, and optimizing extraction efficiency for millet applications are also discussed. Among several, Ultrasound and Microwave-assisted extraction stand out for their rapidity, although there is a need for further research in the context of minor millets. Enzyme-assisted extraction, with its low energy input and ability to handle complex matrices, holds significant potential. Pulsed electric field-assisted extraction, despite being a non-thermal approach, requires further optimization for millet-specific applications, are few highlights. The review emphasizes the importance of considering specific compound characteristics, extraction efficiency, purity requirements, and operational costs when selecting an ideal technique. Ongoing research aims to optimize novel extraction processes for millets and their byproducts, offering promising applications in the development of millet-based nutraceutical food products. Therefore, the current study benefits researchers and industries to advance extraction research and develop efficient, sustainable, and scalable techniques to extract bioactive compounds from millets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Nayak
- Department of Food Technology, Jain Deemed-to-be University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Rohan Rajendraji Bhujle
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, India
| | - N.A. Nanje-Gowda
- Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture, AR, USA
| | - Snehasis Chakraborty
- Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
- Department of Food Engineering & Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Kaliramesh Siliveru
- Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Jeyamkondan Subbiah
- Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture, AR, USA
| | - Charles Brennan
- STEM College, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
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Gao J, Zhu J, Gao Q, Zhao X, Yu L, Zhao J, Jia F, Wu Y, Li L, Guo J. Mechanism study of aging oil demulsification and dehydration under ultrasonic irradiation. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 105:106859. [PMID: 38552298 PMCID: PMC10995870 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
With the tertiary oil recovery in the oilfield, the content of aging oil emulsion with high water content and complex components has become more prevalent, so it is crucial for aging oil to break the emulsification. In this paper, the experimental laws of water content are explored under the conditions of different transducer input powers through the ultrasonic reforming of aging oil, and the microscopic topography, particle size, components, etc. of oil samples before and after the irradiation of ultrasound are characterized through the microscopic analysis, particle size analysis and component analysis and other ways. The results show that the oil samples achieve the effect of demulsification and dehydration in the presence of ultrasonic cavitation effect, with a maximum dehydration rate of 98.24 %, and that the dehydration rate follows an "M-type" trend with the increase of power. The results of microscopic and particle size analyses demonstrate that ultrasonic irradiation destabilizes the oil-water interfacial membrane, and causes droplets of different sizes to collide, agglomerate, and settle. It was also observed that the droplets of the emulsion system are more evenly distributed and the intervals are increased. Furthermore, we hypothesize that ultrasound may be less irreversible in demulsification and dehydration of aging oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbiao Gao
- Earth Science College, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China; National Key Laboratory of Continental Shale Oil, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China
| | - Jianjian Zhu
- No.5 Oil Production Plant of Daqing Oilfield Co., Ltd., Daqing 163513, China
| | - Qinghe Gao
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Oilfield Applied Chemistry and Technology, Daqing Normal University, Daqing 163712, China.
| | - Xiaoqing Zhao
- Earth Science College, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China; National Key Laboratory of Continental Shale Oil, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China.
| | - Lanlan Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Daqing Geophysical Exploration Company of BGP, CNPC, Daqing 163357, China
| | - Fangchao Jia
- Daqing Geophysical Exploration Company of BGP, CNPC, Daqing 163357, China
| | - Yunlong Wu
- No.5 Oil Production Plant of Daqing Oilfield Co., Ltd., Daqing 163513, China
| | - Limin Li
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Oilfield Applied Chemistry and Technology, Daqing Normal University, Daqing 163712, China
| | - Jiashuai Guo
- Earth Science College, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China
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Li J, Wang W, Xu W, Deng Y, Lv R, Zhou J, Liu D. Evaluation of multiscale mechanisms of ultrasound-assisted extraction from porous plant materials: Experiment and modeling on this intensified process. Food Res Int 2024; 182:114034. [PMID: 38519197 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) is an intensified mass transfer process, which can utilize natural resources effectively, but still lacks detailed mechanisms for multiscale effects. This study investigates the mass transfer mechanisms of UAE combined with material's pore structure at multiscale. Porous material was prepared by roasting green coffee beans (GCB) at 120 °C (RCB120) and 180 °C (RCB180), and their UAE efficiency for phytochemicals (caffeine, trigonelline, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid) were evaluated by experiment and modeling. Besides, the physicochemical properties, mass transfer kinetics, and multi-physical field simulation were studied. Results indicated that positive synergy effects on extraction existed between ultrasound and material's pore structure. Higher mass transfer coefficients of UAE (GCB 0.16 min-1, RCB120 0.38 min-1, RCB180 0.46 min-1) was achieved with higher total porosity (4.47 %, 9.17 %, 13.52 %) and connected porosity (0 %, 3.79 %, 5.98 %). Moreover, simulation results revealed that micro acoustic streaming and pressure difference around particles were the main driving force for enhancing mass transfer, and the velocity (0.29-0.36 m/s) increased with power density (0.64-1.01 W/mL). The microscale model proved that increased yield from UAE-RCB was attributed to internal convection diffusion within particles. This study exploited a novel benefit of ultrasound on extraction and inspired its future application in non-thermal food processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaheng Li
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiashan 314100, China; The Collaborative Innovation Center for Intelligent Production Equipment of Characteristic Forest Fruits in Hilly and Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Weidong Xu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yong Deng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ruiling Lv
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Jianwei Zhou
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiashan 314100, China; School of Mechatronics and Energy Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Donghong Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiashan 314100, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462044, China; The Collaborative Innovation Center for Intelligent Production Equipment of Characteristic Forest Fruits in Hilly and Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 311300, China.
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Fernandez Rivas D, Cintas P, Glassey J, Boffito DC. Ultrasound and sonochemistry enhance education outcomes: From fundamentals and applied research to entrepreneurial potential. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 103:106795. [PMID: 38359576 PMCID: PMC10879001 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
With this manuscript we aim to initiate a discussion specific to educational actions around ultrasonics sonochemistry. The importance of these actions does not just derive from a mere pedagogical significance, but they can be an exceptional tool for illustrating various concepts in other disciplines, such as process intensification and microfluidics. Sonochemistry is currently a far-reaching discipline extending across different scales of applicability, from the fundamental physics of tiny bubbles and molecules, up to process plants. This review is part of a special issue in Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, where several scholars have shared their experiences and highlighted opportunities regarding ultrasound as an education tool. The main outcome of our work is that teaching and mentorship in sonochemistry are highly needed, with a balanced technical and scientific knowledge to foster skills and implement safe protocols. Applied research typically features the use of ultrasound as ancillary, to merely enhance a given process and often leading to poorly conceived experiments and misunderstanding of the actual effects. Thus, our scientific community must build a consistent culture and monitor reproducible practices to rigorously generate new knowledge on sonochemistry. These practices can be implemented in teaching sonochemistry in classrooms and research laboratories. We highlight ways to collectively provide a potentially better training for scientists, invigorating academic and industry-oriented careers. A salient benefit for education efforts is that sonochemistry-based projects can serve multidisciplinary training, potentially gathering students from different disciplines, such as physics, chemistry and bioengineering. Herein, we discuss challenges, opportunities, and future avenues to assist in designing courses and research programs based on sonochemistry. Additionally, we suggest simple experiments suitable for teaching basic physicochemical principles at the undergraduatelevel. We also provide arguments and recommendations oriented towards graduate and postdoctoral students, in academia or industry to be more entrepreneurial. We have identified that sonochemistry is consistently seen as a 'green' or sustainable tool, which particular appeal to process intensification approaches, including microfluidics and materials science. We conclude that a globally aligned pedagogical initiative and constantly updated educational tools will help to sustain a virtuous cycle in STEM and industrial applications of sonochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Fernandez Rivas
- Mesoscale Chemical Systems Group, MESA+ Institute and Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, the Netherlands.
| | - Pedro Cintas
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, and IACYS-Green Chemistry & Sustainable Development Unit, Facultad de Ciencias-UEx, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Jarka Glassey
- School of Engineering, Merz Court, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Daria C Boffito
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Process Intensification and Catalysis (EPIC), Polytechnique Montréal, C.P. 6079, Succ. "CV", Montréal H3C 3A7, Québec, Canada; Canada Research Chair in Engineering Process Intensification and Catalysis (EPIC), Polytechnique Montréal, C.P. 6079, Succ. "CV", Montréal H3C 3A7, Québec, Canada
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Wu X, Sivakumar M, Lim SS, Wu T, Heng PC. Ultrasonic liquid exfoliation for producing graphene materials from rice stem: Investigating cellular components and functionalities. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 103:106782. [PMID: 38309050 PMCID: PMC10848135 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates a prospective and straightforward method for producing graphene material derived from biomass, examining the influence of plant cell composition and functions. The experimental outcomes highlight ultrasound's crucial role in synthesizing graphene material sourced from biomass. Ultrasound, a pivotal element in the experiment, significantly affects graphene production from biomass by working synergistically with the liquid components in the solvent system. Notably, the ethanol content reduces the solution's surface tension, facilitating the effective dispersion of biochar and graphene oxide sheets throughout the process. Simultaneously, the water content maintains the solution's polarity, enhancing the cavitation effect induced by ultrasound. Biomass-derived graphene is exfoliated utilizing an ultrasonic bath system (134.4 W, 40 kHz, 0.5 W/cm2) from biochar. The as-synthesized graphene oxide exhibits a structure comprising a few layers while remaining intact, featuring abundant functional groups. Interestingly, the resulting product displays nanopores with an approximate diameter of 100 nm. These nanopores are attributed to preserving specific cell structures, particularly those with specialized cell wall structures or secondary metabolite deposits from biomass resources. The study's findings shed light on the impact of cellular structure on synthesizing graphene material sourced from biomass, emphasizing the potential application of ultrasound as a promising approach in graphene production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyun Wu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Manickam Sivakumar
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei
| | - Siew Shee Lim
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, The University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Tao Wu
- Key Laboratory for Carbonaceous Wastes Processing and Process, Intensification Research of Zhejiang Province, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China; New Materials Institute, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Pang Cheng Heng
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China; Municipal Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Conversion Technologies, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China.
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Palomares DE, Tran PL, Jerman C, Momayez M, Deymier P, Sheriff J, Bluestein D, Parthasarathy S, Slepian MJ. Vibro-Acoustic Platelet Activation: An Additive Mechanism of Prothrombosis with Applicability to Snoring and Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1414. [PMID: 38136005 PMCID: PMC10741028 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10121414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and loud snoring are conditions with increased cardiovascular risk and notably an association with stroke. Central in stroke are thrombosis and thromboembolism, all related to and initiaing with platelet activation. Platelet activation in OSA has been felt to be driven by biochemical and inflammatory means, including intermittent catecholamine exposure and transient hypoxia. We hypothesized that snore-associated acoustic vibration (SAAV) is an activator of platelets that synergizes with catecholamines and hypoxia to further amplify platelet activation. Methods: Gel-filtered human platelets were exposed to snoring utilizing a designed vibro-acoustic exposure device, varying the time and intensity of exposure and frequency content. Platelet activation was assessed via thrombin generation using the Platelet Activity State assay and scanning electron microscopy. Comparative activation induced by epinephrine and hypoxia were assessed individually as well as additively with SAAV, as well as the inhibitory effect of aspirin. Results: We demonstrate that snore-associated acoustic vibration is an independent activator of platelets, which is dependent upon the dose of exposure, i.e., intensity x time. In snoring, acoustic vibrations associated with low-frequency sound content (200 Hz) are more activating than those associated with high frequencies (900 Hz) (53.05% vs. 22.08%, p = 0.001). Furthermore, SAAV is additive to both catecholamines and hypoxia-mediated activation, inducing synergistic activation. Finally, aspirin, a known inhibitor of platelet activation, has no significant effect in limiting SAAV platelet activation. Conclusion: Snore-associated acoustic vibration is a mechanical means of platelet activation, which may drive prothrombosis and thrombotic risk clinically observed in loud snoring and OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E. Palomares
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA;
- Arizona Center for Accelerated Biomedical Innovation, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; (P.L.T.); (M.M.); (P.D.); (S.P.)
| | - Phat L. Tran
- Arizona Center for Accelerated Biomedical Innovation, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; (P.L.T.); (M.M.); (P.D.); (S.P.)
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA;
| | - Catherine Jerman
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA;
| | - Moe Momayez
- Arizona Center for Accelerated Biomedical Innovation, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; (P.L.T.); (M.M.); (P.D.); (S.P.)
- Department of Mining & Geological Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Pierre Deymier
- Arizona Center for Accelerated Biomedical Innovation, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; (P.L.T.); (M.M.); (P.D.); (S.P.)
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Jawaad Sheriff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (J.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Danny Bluestein
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (J.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Sairam Parthasarathy
- Arizona Center for Accelerated Biomedical Innovation, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; (P.L.T.); (M.M.); (P.D.); (S.P.)
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA;
- Health Sciences Center for Sleep and Circadian Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Marvin J. Slepian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA;
- Arizona Center for Accelerated Biomedical Innovation, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; (P.L.T.); (M.M.); (P.D.); (S.P.)
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (J.S.); (D.B.)
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Wang Y, Chen D, Wu P. Multi-bubble scattering acoustic fields in viscoelastic tissues under dual-frequency ultrasound. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 99:106585. [PMID: 37683413 PMCID: PMC10498095 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Bubbles are widely used in the medical field due to their strong acoustic scattering properties, and the interaction between bubbles affects the scattering acoustic field caused by the bubble cluster. In this study, the dynamic equations of bubbles oscillating in viscoelastic tissues are solved numerically. The effect of bubble interaction on the scattered acoustic pressure under dual-frequency ultrasound is analyzed. In addition, the frequency spectra of the scattered acoustic waves due to the bubbles with and without considering the interaction are compared. The results show that the suppression or enlargement of the scattered sound pressure caused by the interaction between bubbles is related to the bubble radius and the incident frequency. Moreover, when the incident frequency is equal to the resonant frequency of the bubble with equilibrium radius R0, the effect of resonant bubbles is stronger than that of non-resonant bubbles. Meanwhile, for the multi-bubble system with a small bubble number density, the total response of the bubble cluster can be approximated as an algebraic sum of the dynamical behavior of individual bubbles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sea Deep Drilling and Exploration, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Dehua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sea Deep Drilling and Exploration, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Pengfei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sea Deep Drilling and Exploration, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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Bucur MP, Radulescu MC, Radu GL, Bucur B. Cavitation-Effect-Based Treatments and Extractions for Superior Fruit and Milk Valorisation. Molecules 2023; 28:4677. [PMID: 37375232 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound generates cavities in liquids with high-energy behaviour due to large pressure variations, leading to (bio)chemical effects and material modification. Numerous cavity-based treatments in food processes have been reported, but the transition from research to industrial applications is hampered by specific engineering factors, such as the combination of several ultrasound sources, more powerful wave generators or tank geometry. The challenges and development of cavity-based treatments developed for the food industry are reviewed with examples limited to two representative raw materials (fruit and milk) with significantly different properties. Both active compound extraction and food processing techniques based on ultrasound are taken into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalina-Petruta Bucur
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Centre of Bioanalysis, 296 Splaiul Independentei, 060031 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maria-Cristina Radulescu
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Centre of Bioanalysis, 296 Splaiul Independentei, 060031 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriel Lucian Radu
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Centre of Bioanalysis, 296 Splaiul Independentei, 060031 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan Bucur
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Centre of Bioanalysis, 296 Splaiul Independentei, 060031 Bucharest, Romania
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Hong Park J, Lee S, Jeon H, Hoon Kim J, Jung Kim D, Im M, Chul Lee B. A novel convex acoustic lens-attached ultrasound drug delivery system and its testing in a murine melanoma subcutaneous modelo. Int J Pharm 2023:123118. [PMID: 37302671 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Target-specific drug release is indispensable to improve chemotherapeutic efficacy as it enhances drug uptake and penetration into tumors. Sono-responsive drug-loaded nano-/micro-particles are a promising solution for achieving target specificity by exposing them to ultrasound near tumors. However, the complicated synthetic processes and limited ultrasound (US) exposure conditions, such as limited control of ultrasound focal depth and acoustic power, prevent the practical application of this approach in clinical practice. Here, we propose a convex acoustic lens-attached US (CALUS) as a simple, economic, and efficient alternative of focused US for drug delivery system (DDS) application. The CALUS was characterized both numerically and experimentally using a hydrophone. In vitro, microbubbles (MBs) inside microfluidic channels were destroyed using the CALUS with various acoustic parameters (acoustic pressure [P], pulse repetition frequency [PRF], and duty cycle) and flow velocity. In vivo, tumor inhibition was evaluated using melanoma-bearing mice by characterizing tumor growth rate, animal weight, and intratumoral drug concentration with/without CALUS DDS. US beams were measured to be efficiently converged by CALUS, which was consistent with our simulation results. The acoustic parameters were optimized through the CALUS-induced MB destruction test (P = 2.34 MPa, PRF = 100 kHz, and duty cycle = 9%); this optimal parameter combination successfully induced MB destruction inside the microfluidic channel with an average flow velocity of up to 9.6 cm/s. The CALUS also enhanced the therapeutic effects of an antitumor drug (doxorubicin) in vivo in a murine melanoma model. The combination of the doxorubicin and the CALUS inhibited tumor growth by ∼55% more than doxorubicin alone, clearly indicating synergistic antitumor efficacy. Our tumor growth inhibition performance was better than other methods based on drug carriers, even without a time-consuming and complicated chemical synthesis process. This result suggests that our novel, simple, economic, and efficient target-specific DDS may offer a transition from preclinical research to clinical trials and a potential treatment approach for patient-centered healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hong Park
- Bionics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyun Lee
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoyoon Jeon
- Bionics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hoon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Jung Kim
- Metabolomics Core Facility, Department of Transdisciplinary Research and Collaboration, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Maesoon Im
- Brain Science Institute, KIST, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science & Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Chul Lee
- Bionics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science & Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Jin H, Zhang J, Liu X, Wang C. Study on flow-induced noise characteristics of multistage depressurization valve in the nuclear power plant. NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2023.112282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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13
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Gao J, Shen X, Mo X, Wu P, Li C, Lin W, Wang X. Study on the real-time variation laws and mechanism of oil sample viscosity during ultrasonic irradiation. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 98:106460. [PMID: 37390782 PMCID: PMC10318428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
It is rather significant to reveal the real-time variation of oil sample viscosity during ultrasonic irradiation to research the mechanism of viscosity change. In this paper, we first simulate the acoustic field distribution law in the reaction chamber by using the finite element method and orthogonal experiment method, then measure the viscosity of the oil sample with temperature by vibration type viscometer and get the corresponding function equation by fitting. On this basis, we measure the viscosity of the oil sample with ultrasonic irradiation time and electric power change in real-time and in situ, and finally analyze the mechanism of oil sample viscosity variation by using a temperature recorder and cavitation noise method. The results show that the greatest influence on the acoustic pressure in the reaction chamber is the change of the transducer probe in the height Z direction, followed by the width X direction and the depth Y direction. The viscosity of the oil sample shows an exponential decay with the increase in temperature. With the increase of ultrasonic irradiation time and electric power, the viscosity of the oil sample is gradually reduced. By comparing the effect of heating and ultrasonic irradiation on viscosity, it is found that ultrasonic irradiation not only changes the viscosity through thermal effect but also the cavitation noise analysis and the phenomena observed in the experiment confirm that the cavitation effect and mechanical effect exist all the time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbiao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sea Deep Drilling and Exploration, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Xiaozhuo Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sea Deep Drilling and Exploration, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiaohai Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sea Deep Drilling and Exploration, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Pengfei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sea Deep Drilling and Exploration, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Chao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sea Deep Drilling and Exploration, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Weijun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sea Deep Drilling and Exploration, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiuming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sea Deep Drilling and Exploration, Beijing 100190, China
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14
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Qin D, Zou Q, Zhong X, Zhang B, Li Z. Effects of medium viscoelasticity on bubble collapse strength of interacting polydisperse bubbles. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 95:106375. [PMID: 36965309 PMCID: PMC10060372 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Due to its physical and/or chemical effects, acoustic cavitation plays a crucial role in various emerging applications ranging from advanced materials to biomedicine. The cavitation bubbles usually undergo oscillatory dynamics and violent collapse within a viscoelastic medium, which are closely related to the cavitation-associated effects. However, the role of medium viscoelasticity on the cavitation dynamics has received little attention, especially for the bubble collapse strength during multi-bubble cavitation with the complex interactions between size polydisperse bubbles. In this study, modified Gilmore equations accounting for inter-bubble interactions were coupled with the Zener viscoelastic model to simulate the dynamics of multi-bubble cavitation in viscoelastic media. Results showed that the cavitation dynamics (e.g., acoustic resonant response, nonlinear oscillation behavior and bubble collapse strength) of differently-sized bubbles depend differently on the medium viscoelasticity and each bubble is affected by its neighboring bubbles to a different degree. More specifically, increasing medium viscosity drastically dampens the bubble dynamics and weakens the bubble collapse strength, while medium elasticity mainly affects the bubble resonance at which the bubble collapse strength is maximum. Differently-sized bubbles can achieve resonances and even subharmonic resonances at high driving acoustic pressures as the elasticity changes to certain values, and the resonance frequency of each bubble increases with the elasticity increasing. For the interactions between the size polydisperse bubbles, it indicated that the largest bubble generally has a dominant effect on the dynamics of smaller ones while in turn it is almost unaffected, exhibiting a pattern of destructive and constructive interactions. This study provides a valuable insight into the acoustic cavitation dynamics of multiple interacting polydisperse bubbles in viscoelastic media, which may offer a potential of controlling the medium viscoelasticity to appropriately manipulate the dynamics of multi-bubble cavitation for achieving proper cavitation effects according to the desired application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dui Qin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, People's Republic of China; Postdoctoral Workstation of Chongqing People's Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qingqin Zou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianhua Zhong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingyu Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangyong Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Hu Y, Wei J, Shen Y, Chen S, Chen X. Barrier-breaking effects of ultrasonic cavitation for drug delivery and biomarker release. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 94:106346. [PMID: 36870921 PMCID: PMC10040969 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Recently, emerging evidence has demonstrated that cavitation actually creates important bidirectional channels on biological barriers for both intratumoral drug delivery and extratumoral biomarker release. To promote the barrier-breaking effects of cavitation for both therapy and diagnosis, we first reviewed recent technical advances of ultrasound and its contrast agents (microbubbles, nanodroplets, and gas-stabilizing nanoparticles) and then reported the newly-revealed cavitation physical details. In particular, we summarized five types of cellular responses of cavitation in breaking the plasma membrane (membrane retraction, sonoporation, endocytosis/exocytosis, blebbing and apoptosis) and compared the vascular cavitation effects of three different types of ultrasound contrast agents in breaking the blood-tumor barrier and tumor microenvironment. Moreover, we highlighted the current achievements of the barrier-breaking effects of cavitation in mediating drug delivery and biomarker release. We emphasized that the precise induction of a specific cavitation effect for barrier-breaking was still challenged by the complex combination of multiple acoustic and non-acoustic cavitation parameters. Therefore, we provided the cutting-edge in-situ cavitation imaging and feedback control methods and suggested the development of an international cavitation quantification standard for the clinical guidance of cavitation-mediated barrier-breaking effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Hu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China; National-regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China
| | - Jianpeng Wei
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China; National-regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Shen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China; National-regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China
| | - Siping Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China; National-regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China; National-regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China.
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16
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Xu N, Yu Y, Zhai W, Wang J, Wei B. A high-temperature acoustic field measurement and analysis system for determining cavitation intensity in ultrasonically solidified metallic alloys. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 94:106343. [PMID: 36858007 PMCID: PMC9989687 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A high-temperature acoustic field measurement and analysis system (HTAFS) was self-designed and developed to achieve real-time acoustic field analysis and quantitative cavitation characterization within high-temperature liquids. The acoustic signal was acquired by a high-temperature resistant waveguide and calibrated by separate compensation of line and continuous spectra to eliminate frequency offsets. Moreover, a new method was proposed to derive from the continuous-spectrum sound intensity and line-spectrum sound intensity in the frequency band above 1.5 times the fundamental frequency to characterize the intensity of transient cavitation and stable cavitation. The acoustic field characteristics within solidifying liquid Al-7 %Si alloy were successfully determined by this system. With the increase of ultrasound amplitude, the acoustic pressure in the alloy melt increased to be stable, the transient cavitation intensity first rose and then declined, and the stable cavitation intensity remained unchanged. Combined with the structural evolution of the primary α(Al) phase, the transient cavitation intensity was determined to be the dominant factor for the ultrasound-induced grain refinement effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanxuan Xu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yu
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhai
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyuan Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bingbo Wei
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, People's Republic of China
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17
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Meulenbroek NE, Delgado S, Curiel L, Waspe AC, Pichardo S. Passive Directivity Detection Using Individual Biaxial Ultrasound Transducers. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS, FERROELECTRICS, AND FREQUENCY CONTROL 2023; 70:164-172. [PMID: 36191096 DOI: 10.1109/tuffc.2022.3211484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Biaxial transducers are an emerging technology that can steer generated ultrasound waves using a single piezoceramic component. Simulations have also shown that biaxial transducers can passively estimate the direction of arrival (DOA) of sound waves when operating in the receive mode. This research seeks to experimentally verify biaxial directivity estimates and establish directivity as an independent parameter detected by biaxial transducers. Three cuboid ( 3.84×3.84×5.92 mm) biaxial piezoceramics with two pairs of orthogonal electrodes (one pair applied laterally and one pair applied in the polling direction) were manufactured and characterized. Each transducer was placed in a water tank where an independent hemispherical source was attached to a moveable arm and operated at 250 kHz. Terminal voltages were recorded for 81 source positions in a plane parallel to the transducer's front face and at a depth of approximately 9 cm. Collection was repeated three times per transducer to ensure reproducibility. In silico results were compared with the experimental results. Two derived metrics were then calculated using both the forward and lateral terminal voltages: the phase difference and amplitude ratio. Biaxial transducers demonstrate an ability to estimate the DOA of incident sound waves, independently of any time-of-flight (TOF) information. The phase difference and amplitude ratio complement each other to provide statistically significant and repeatable estimates over a range of 48° (from -24° to +24°). These results can be used to augment a variety of medical, geophysical, and industrial passive ultrasound imaging techniques.
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18
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Han Y, Sun J, Wei H, Hao J, Liu W, Wang X. Ultrasound-Targeted Microbubble Destruction: Modulation in the Tumor Microenvironment and Application in Tumor Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:937344. [PMID: 35844515 PMCID: PMC9283646 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.937344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor immunotherapy has shown strong therapeutic potential for stimulating or reconstructing the immune system to control and kill tumor cells. It is a promising and effective anti-cancer treatment besides surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Presently, some immunotherapy methods have been approved for clinical application, and numerous others have demonstrated promising in vitro results and have entered clinical trial stages. Although immunotherapy has exhibited encouraging results in various cancer types, however, a large proportion of patients are limited from these benefits due to specific characteristics of the tumor microenvironment such as hypoxia, tumor vascular malformation and immune escape, and current limitations of immunotherapy such as off-target toxicity, insufficient drug penetration and accumulation and immune cell dysfunction. Ultrasound-target microbubble destruction (UTMD) treatment can help reduce immunotherapy-related adverse events. Using the ultrasonic cavitation effect of microstreaming, microjets and free radicals, UTMD can cause a series of changes in vascular endothelial cells, such as enhancing endothelial cells' permeability, increasing intracellular calcium levels, regulating gene expression, and stimulating nitric oxide synthase activities. These effects have been shown to promote drug penetration, enhance blood perfusion, increase drug delivery and induce tumor cell death. UTMD, in combination with immunotherapy, has been used to treat melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, bladder cancer, and ovarian cancer. In this review, we summarized the effects of UTMD on tumor angiogenesis and immune microenvironment, and discussed the application and progress of UTMD in tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiaolei Wang
- In-Patient Ultrasound Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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19
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Zhu JJ, Xia H, Son Y, Wu X, Tao Y, Anandan S. Special issue on "sonochemistry in asia 2021″. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2022; 87:106050. [PMID: 35667951 PMCID: PMC9237347 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.106050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
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20
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Ge M, Sun C, Zhang G, Coutier-Delgosha O, Fan D. Combined suppression effects on hydrodynamic cavitation performance in Venturi-type reactor for process intensification. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2022; 86:106035. [PMID: 35580542 PMCID: PMC9117695 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.106035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Hydrodynamic cavitation is an emerging intensification technology in water treatment or chemical processing, and Venturi-type cavitation reactors exhibit advantages for industrial-scale production. The effects of temperature on hydrodynamic cavitating flows are investigated to find the optimum reaction conditions enhancing cavitating treatment intensity. Results show that the cavitation performance, including the cavitation intensity and cavitation unsteady behavior, is influenced by (1) cavitation number σ (the pressure difference affecting the vaporization process), (2) Reynolds number Re (the inertial/viscous ratio affecting the bubble size and liquid-vapor interface area), and (3) thermodynamic parameter Σ (the thermal effect affecting the temperature drop). With increasing temperature, the cavitation length first increases and then decreases, with a cavitation intensity peak at the transition temperature of 58 °C. With the growth of cavitation extent, the cavity-shedding regimes tend to transition from the attached sheet cavity to the periodic cloud cavity, and the vapor volume fluctuating frequency decreases accordingly. A combined suppression parameter (CSP) is provided to predict that, with increasing CSP value, the cavitation intensity can be decreased. Recommendations are given that working under the low-CSP range (55-60 °C) could enhance the intensification of the cavitation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Ge
- Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; School of Engineering, Westlake University, Xihu District, 310024 Hangzhou, China; Kevin T. Crofton Department of Aerospace and Ocean Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - Chuanyu Sun
- Section of "Chemistry for the Technology" ChemTech, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, I-35131 Padova (PD), Italy
| | - Guangjian Zhang
- Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Kevin T. Crofton Department of Aerospace and Ocean Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA.
| | - Olivier Coutier-Delgosha
- Kevin T. Crofton Department of Aerospace and Ocean Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA.
| | - Dixia Fan
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Xihu District, 310024 Hangzhou, China.
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