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Vela-Alcántara AM, Santiago-García J, Barragán-Palacios M, León-Chacón A, Domínguez-Pantoja M, Barceinas-Dávila I, Juárez-Aguilar E, Tamariz E. Differential modulation of cell morphology, migration, and Neuropilin-1 expression in cancer and non-cancer cell lines by substrate stiffness. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1352233. [PMID: 38903533 PMCID: PMC11188430 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1352233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Physical changes in the tumor microenvironment, such as increased stiffness, regulate cancer hallmarks and play an essential role in gene expression, cell morphology, migration, and malignancy. However, the response of cancer cells to stiffness is not homogeneous and varies depending on the cell type and its mechanosensitivity. In this study, we investigated the differential responses of cervical (HeLa) and prostate (PC-3) cancer cell lines, as well as non-tumoral cell lines (HEK293 and HPrEC), to stiffness using polyacrylamide hydrogels mimicking normal and tumoral tissues. We analyzed cell morphology, migration, and the expression of neuropilin 1 (NRP1), a receptor involved in angiogenesis, cell migration, and extracellular matrix remodeling, known to be associated with cancer progression and poor prognosis. Our findings reveal that NRP1 expression increases on substrates mimicking the high stiffness characteristic of tumoral tissue in the non-tumoral cell lines HPrEC and HEK293. Conversely, in tumoral PC-3 cells, stiffness resembling normal prostate tissue induces an earlier and more sustained expression of NRP1. Furthermore, we observed that stiffness influences cell spreading, pseudopodia formation, and the mode of cell protrusion during migration. Soft substrates predominantly trigger bleb cell protrusion, while pseudopodia protrusions increase on substrates mimicking normal and tumor-like stiffnesses in HPrEC cells compared to PC-3 cells. Stiffer substrates also enhance the percentage of migratory cells, as well as their velocity and total displacement, in both non-tumoral and tumoral prostate cells. However, they only improve the persistence of migration in tumoral PC-3 cells. Moreover, we found that NRP1 co-localizes with actin, and its suppression impairs tumoral PC-3 spreading while decreasing pseudopodia protrusion mode. Our results suggest that the modulation of NRP1 expression by the stiffness can be a feedback loop to promote malignancy in non-tumoral and cancer cells, contingent upon the mechanosensitivity of the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Monserrat Vela-Alcántara
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Cultivo Celular, Departamento de Biomedicina, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Juan Santiago-García
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Madeleine Barragán-Palacios
- Laboratorio de Cultivo Celular, Departamento de Biomedicina, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
- Programa de Maestría en Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Aylin León-Chacón
- Laboratorio de Cultivo Celular, Departamento de Biomedicina, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
| | | | - Irene Barceinas-Dávila
- Laboratorio de Cultivo Celular, Departamento de Biomedicina, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
- Programa de Maestría en Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Enrique Juárez-Aguilar
- Laboratorio de Cultivo Celular, Departamento de Biomedicina, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Elisa Tamariz
- Laboratorio de Cultivo Celular, Departamento de Biomedicina, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
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Tajvidi Safa B, Huang C, Kabla A, Yang R. Active viscoelastic models for cell and tissue mechanics. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2024; 11:231074. [PMID: 38660600 PMCID: PMC11040246 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.231074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Living cells are out of equilibrium active materials. Cell-generated forces are transmitted across the cytoskeleton network and to the extracellular environment. These active force interactions shape cellular mechanical behaviour, trigger mechano-sensing, regulate cell adaptation to the microenvironment and can affect disease outcomes. In recent years, the mechanobiology community has witnessed the emergence of many experimental and theoretical approaches to study cells as mechanically active materials. In this review, we highlight recent advancements in incorporating active characteristics of cellular behaviour at different length scales into classic viscoelastic models by either adding an active tension-generating element or adjusting the resting length of an elastic element in the model. Summarizing the two groups of approaches, we will review the formulation and application of these models to understand cellular adaptation mechanisms in response to various types of mechanical stimuli, such as the effect of extracellular matrix properties and external loadings or deformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Tajvidi Safa
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE68588, USA
| | - Changjin Huang
- School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore639798, Singapore
| | - Alexandre Kabla
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, CambridgeCB2 1PZ, UK
| | - Ruiguo Yang
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE68588, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI48824, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ), Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI48824, USA
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Deng Y, Yi Z, Zhang T, Hu B, Zhang L, Rajlawot K, Kuang S, He B, Arani A, Chen J, Yin M, Rossman P, Glaser KJ, Venkatesh SK, Ehman RL, Wang J. Magnetic resonance elastography of the prostate in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms: feasibility of the modified driver at high multi-frequencies. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2022; 47:399-408. [PMID: 34635941 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-021-03302-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To demonstrate the feasibility and diagnostic value of high-frequency magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) for evaluation of prostatic disease in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). METHODS 41 patients who underwent preoperative prostate MRI and MRE with a modified driver were enrolled retrospectively from May 2016 to September 2021. All were included in the assessment of MRE image quality, using a qualitative visual inspection and a quantitative confidence map. 35 patients (prostate cancer (PCa), n = 13; non-PCa, n = 22) undergoing prostatectomy or biopsy were evaluated for the diagnostic performance of stiffness values. The confidence values and the stiffness values were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and independent samples T test, respectively. Area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) analysis was performed. RESULTS Through the qualitative analysis, all MRE acquisitions were successful at 60, 90, 120 and 150 Hz. The quantitative confidence values were significantly lower at 60 Hz (0.683 ± 0.055) and 90 Hz (0.762 ± 0.048) than that at 120 Hz (0.814 ± 0.049) and 150 Hz (0.840 ± 0.049), all P < 0.001. The stiffness of PCa was higher than non-PCa at 90 Hz (P = 0.008), 120 Hz (P < 0.001) and 150 Hz (P < 0.001). The AUCs were 0.773, 0.881 and 0.944, respectively. CONCLUSION Prostate MRE using the modified driver is feasible at 60-150 Hz and image quality is better at higher frequencies. Prostate MRE may be useful and helpful to evaluate prostate diseases in patients with LUTS at higher frequencies; however, further study may be warranted with larger population in future.
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Evaluation of MR elastography for prediction of lymph node metastasis in prostate cancer. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2021; 46:3387-3400. [PMID: 33651125 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-021-02982-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the relationship between MRE stiffness of prostate cancer (PCa) and the extent of lymph node metastasis (LNM) in patients with PCa undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP) and extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND). MATERIALS The local institutional review board approved this retrospective study. We retrospectively analyzed 49 patients, who had undergone MRE, mpMRI and pelvic MRI on a 3.0 T MRI scanner, with histopathological confirmed PCa after RP (from June 2015 to December 2019). For each patient, preoperative clinical data and characteristics of MRE, mpMRI and pelvic MRI were recorded. Independent-samples t test, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. And receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were performed to compare the diagnostic performances of multivariate models with the Briganti 2019 nomogram. RESULTS PCa MRE stiffness and maximum diameter were independent predictors of LNM. When PCa MRE stiffness at 60 Hz (odds ratio [OR] = 20.223, P = 0.013) and maximum diameter (OR = 4.575, P = 0.046) were combined, the sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 91.9% to predict LNM. When PCa MRE stiffness at 90 Hz (OR = 7.920, P = 0.013) and maximum diameter (OR = 2.810, P = 0.045) were combined, the sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 86.5% to predict LNM. The areas under curves (AUCs) of the combinations were higher than the AUC of the Briganti 2019 nomogram (0.982 vs. 0.904, P = 0.040 [60 Hz]; 0.975 vs. 0.904, P = 0.060 [90 Hz], respectively). CONCLUSIONS MRE-based assessment of PCa stiffness may be useful for predicting LNM of PCa preoperatively and noninvasively.
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Feasibility Study and Experimental Evaluation of the Design of Nodule Prototype Developed for Palpation Display Apparatus: A Novel Device for Contactless Primary Tactile Diagnosis. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12050576. [PMID: 34069631 PMCID: PMC8160851 DOI: 10.3390/mi12050576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: Lack of feasible palpation display for primary diagnosis of a tumor without any need of physician to patient physical contact has been reported as one of the major concerns. To further explore this area, we developed a novel palpation device consisting of a uniquely designed nodule mechanism (based on optimizing nodule top and bottom hemisphere wall thickness and manipulating granular jamming method) that can vary stiffness while maintaining the shape of the same nodule display, for which current devices are not capable of in terms of aping a tumor. Methods: This paper evaluates the manufacturing approach of the nodule, exploring several iterations of the nodule prototype. Experiments were performed on nodule prototypes of varying wall thicknesses in order to evaluate its effect on stiffness and deformation. Results and Conclusions: Experimental results showed that nodule top and bottom wall thickness had a significant effect on the stiffness and deformation of the nodule. The higher the thickness of the top hemisphere and the lower the thickness of the bottom hemisphere, the greater the stiffness the nodule can achieve. Similarly, the display shape of the nodule can be maintained with minimal or no deformation if the nodule top hemisphere thickness is optimally higher than bottom hemisphere thickness.
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6
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Lindahl OA, Bäcklund T, Ramser K, Liv P, Ljungberg B, Bergh A. A tactile resonance sensor for prostate cancer detection - evaluation on human prostate tissue. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2021; 7. [PMID: 33588385 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/abe681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer surgery risks erectile problems and incontinence for the patient. An instrument for guiding surgeons to avoid nerve bundle damage and ensure complete cancer removal is desirable. We present a tactile resonance sensor made of PZT ceramics, mounted in a 3D motorized translation stage for scanning and measuring tissue stiffness for detecting cancer in human prostate. The sensor may be used during surgery for guidance, scanning the prostate surface for the presence of cancer, indicating migration of cancer cells into surrounding tissue. Ten fresh prostates, obtained from patients undergoing prostate cancer surgery, were cut into 0.5 cm thick slices. Each slice was measured for tissue stiffness at about 25 different sites and compared to histology for validation cancer prediction by stiffness. The statistical analysis was based on a total of 148 sites with non-cancer and 40 sites with cancer. Using a generalized linear mixed model (GLMM), the stiffness data predicted cancer with an area under the curve of 0.74, after correcting for overfitting using bootstrap validation. Mean prostate stiffness on the logarithmic scale (p = 0.015) and standardized Z-scores (p = 0.025) were both significant predictors of cancer. This study concludes that stiffness measured by the tactile resonance sensor is a significant predictor of prostate cancer with potential for future development towards a clinical instrument for surgical guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olof Anton Lindahl
- Radiation Sciences, Umeå Universitet Medicinska fakulteten, Department of Radiation Sciences, Radiation Physics/Biomedical Engineering, Umea, 901 87, SWEDEN
| | - Tomas Bäcklund
- Biomedical Engineering, Umea University Department of Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Sciences, Radiation Physics/Biomedical Engineering, Umea, 901 87, SWEDEN
| | - Kerstin Ramser
- Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Luleå Tekniska Universitet Fastelaboratoriet, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Lulea, 97187, SWEDEN
| | - Per Liv
- Umeå Universitet Medicinska fakulteten, Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable health, Umea, 90185, SWEDEN
| | - Börje Ljungberg
- Umeå Universitet Medicinska fakulteten, Surgical and Perioperative sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umea, 901 85, SWEDEN
| | - Anders Bergh
- Umeå Universitet Medicinska fakulteten, Medical Bioscience, Pathology, Umea, 90185, SWEDEN
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Candito A, Palacio-Torralba J, Jiménez-Aguilar E, Good DW, McNeill A, Reuben RL, Chen Y. Identification of tumor nodule in soft tissue: An inverse finite-element framework based on mechanical characterization. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2020; 36:e3369. [PMID: 32452138 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.3369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Identification and characterization of nodules in soft tissue, including their size, shape, and location, provide a basis for tumor identification. This study proposes an inverse finite-element (FE) based computational framework, for characterizing the size of examined tissue sample and detecting the presence of embedded tumor nodules using instrumented palpation, without a priori anatomical knowledge. The inverse analysis was applied to a model system, the human prostate, and was based on the reaction forces which can be obtained by trans-rectal mechanical probing and those from an equivalent FE model, which was optimized iteratively, by minimizing an error function between the two cases, toward the target solution. The tumor nodule can be identified through its influence on the stress state of the prostate. The effectiveness of the proposed method was further verified using a realistic prostate model reconstructed from magnetic resonance (MR) images. The results show the proposed framework to be capable of characterizing the key geometrical indices of the prostate and identifying the presence of cancerous nodules. Therefore, it has potential, when combined with instrumented palpation, for primary diagnosis of prostate cancer, and, potentially, solid tumors in other types of soft tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Candito
- Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Javier Palacio-Torralba
- Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Daniel W Good
- Edinburgh Urological Cancer Group, Division of Pathology Laboratories, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Urology, NHS Lothian, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alan McNeill
- Edinburgh Urological Cancer Group, Division of Pathology Laboratories, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Urology, NHS Lothian, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Robert L Reuben
- Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Yuhang Chen
- Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
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8
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Bonfanti A, Kaplan JL, Charras G, Kabla A. Fractional viscoelastic models for power-law materials. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:6002-6020. [PMID: 32638812 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00354a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Soft materials often exhibit a distinctive power-law viscoelastic response arising from broad distribution of time-scales present in their complex internal structure. A promising tool to accurately describe the rheological behaviour of soft materials is fractional calculus. However, its use in the scientific community remains limited due to the unusual notation and non-trivial properties of fractional operators. This review aims to provide a clear and accessible description of fractional viscoelastic models for a broad audience and to demonstrate the ability of these models to deliver a unified approach for the characterisation of power-law materials. The use of a consistent framework for the analysis of rheological data would help classify the empirical behaviours of soft and biological materials, and better understand their response.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bonfanti
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, UK.
| | - J L Kaplan
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, UK.
| | - G Charras
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, UK and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, UK
| | - A Kabla
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, UK.
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Zanotelli MR, Chada NC, Johnson CA, Reinhart-King CA. The Physical Microenvironment of Tumors: Characterization and Clinical Impact. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1142/s1793048020300029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment plays a critical role in tumorigenesis and metastasis. As tightly controlled extracellular matrix homeostasis is lost during tumor progression, a dysregulated extracellular matrix can significantly alter cellular phenotype and drive malignancy. Altered physical properties of the tumor microenvironment alter cancer cell behavior, limit delivery and efficacy of therapies, and correlate with tumorigenesis and patient prognosis. The physical features of the extracellular matrix during tumor progression have been characterized; however, a wide range of methods have been used between studies and cancer types resulting in a large range of reported values. Here, we discuss the significant mechanical and structural properties of the tumor microenvironment, summarizing their reported values and clinical impact across cancer type and grade. We attempt to integrate the values in the literature to identify sources of reported differences and commonalities to better understand how aberrant extracellular matrix dynamics contribute to cancer progression. An intimate understanding of altered matrix properties during malignant transformation will be crucial in effectively detecting, monitoring, and treating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R. Zanotelli
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Weill Hall, Ithaca, NY 14583, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 2414 Highland Avenue, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Neil C. Chada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 2414 Highland Avenue, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - C. Andrew Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 2414 Highland Avenue, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Cynthia A. Reinhart-King
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 2414 Highland Avenue, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
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Correas JM, Halpern EJ, Barr RG, Ghai S, Walz J, Bodard S, Dariane C, de la Rosette J. Advanced ultrasound in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. World J Urol 2020; 39:661-676. [PMID: 32306060 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-020-03193-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) can be challenging due to the limited performance of current diagnostic tests, including PSA, digital rectal examination and transrectal conventional US. Multiparametric MRI has improved PCa diagnosis and is recommended prior to biopsy; however, mp-MRI does miss a substantial number of PCa. Advanced US modalities include transrectal prostate elastography and contrast-enhanced US, as well as improved B-mode, micro-US and micro-Doppler techniques. These techniques can be combined to define a novel US approach, multiparametric US (mp-US). Mp-US improves PCa diagnosis but is not sufficiently accurate to obviate the utility of mp-MRI. Mp-US using advanced techniques and mp-MRI provide complementary information which will become even more important in the era of focal therapy, where precise identification of PCa location is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Michel Correas
- Department of Adult Radiology, Paris University and Necker University Hospital, 149 rue de Sèvres, 75015, Paris Cedex 15, France.
| | - Ethan J Halpern
- Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Richard G Barr
- Department of Radiology, Northeastern Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Sangeet Ghai
- Department of Medical Imaging, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jochen Walz
- Department of Urology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes Cancer Centre, Marseille, France
| | - Sylvain Bodard
- Department of Adult Radiology, Paris University and Necker University Hospital, 149 rue de Sèvres, 75015, Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Charles Dariane
- Department of Urology, Paris University and European Hospital Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
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A novel palpation-based method for tumor nodule quantification in soft tissue-computational framework and experimental validation. Med Biol Eng Comput 2020; 58:1369-1381. [PMID: 32279204 PMCID: PMC7211792 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-020-02168-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Variation in mechanical properties is a useful marker for cancer in soft tissue and has been used in clinical diagnosis for centuries. However, to develop such methods as instrumented palpation, there remain challenges in using the mechanical response during palpation to quantify tumor load. This study proposes a computational framework of identification and quantification of cancerous nodules in soft tissue without a priori knowledge of its geometry, size, and depth. The methodology, using prostate tissue as an exemplar, is based on instrumented palpation performed at positions with various indentation depths over the surface of the relevant structure (in this case, the prostate gland). The profile of force feedback results is then compared with the benchmark in silico models to estimate the size and depth of the cancerous nodule. The methodology is first demonstrated using computational models and then validated using tissue-mimicking gelatin phantoms, where the depth and volume of the tumor nodule is estimated with good accuracy. The proposed framework is capable of quantifying a tumor nodule in soft tissue without a priori information about its geometry, thus presenting great promise in clinical palpation diagnosis for a wide variety of solid tumors including breast and prostate cancer. This study proposes a computational framework of quantification of cancerous nodules in soft tissue. The methodology is based on instrumental palpation performed at positions with various indentation depths. The profile of force feedback results is then compared with the benchmark in silico models to estimate the size and depth of the cancerous nodule. ![]()
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12
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Moghaddam AO, Wei J, Kim J, Dunn AC, Wagoner Johnson AJ. An indentation-based approach to determine the elastic constants of soft anisotropic tissues. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2019; 103:103539. [PMID: 31783285 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Characterization of the mechanical properties of tissue can help to understand tissue mechanobiology, including disease diagnosis and progression. Indentation is increasingly used to measure the local mechanical properties of tissue, but it has not been fully adapted to capture anisotropic properties. This paper presents an indentation-based method to measure elastic constants of soft anisotropic tissues without additional mechanical tests. The approach uses measurement of the indentation modulus and the aspect ratio of the elliptical contact introduced by anisotropic mechanical properties of tissue to determine the elastic constants from finite element analysis. The imprinted area imparted by a fluorescent bead-coated spherical indenter showed the aspect ratio of the contact area, giving a generalized sense of the level of anisotropy, and instrumented indentation determined the indentation modulus. A parametric study using finite element simulation of the indentation tests established the relationship between the aspect ratio of contact and the non-dimensional ratios, Ex/Ey and Gxy/Ey; here, Ex and Ey are the Young's moduli (Ex > Ey) and Gxy is the shear modulus in the xy plane. For strongly anisotropic materials (Ex/Ey > 150), aspect ratio and indentation modulus are sufficient to determine Gxy and Ey. For weakly anisotropic materials, indentation modulus in the transverse direction, Ey, and the aspect ratio of contact in the anisotropic plane can be used to determine the elastic constants. The proposed approach improves the elastic characterization of soft, anisotropic biological materials from indentation and helps to elucidate the complex mechanical behavior of soft anisotropic tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Ostadi Moghaddam
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 W Green Street, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Jie Wei
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 W Green Street, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Jiho Kim
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 W Green Street, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Alison C Dunn
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 W Green Street, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Amy J Wagoner Johnson
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 W Green Street, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA; Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 320 Illini Union Bookstore, 807 S Wright St., Champaign, IL, 61820, USA; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 W Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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13
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Patel B, Sriprasad S, Cadeddu J, Thind A, Rane A. Obstacles in prostate cancer screening: Current issues and future solutions. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL UROLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/2051415818815395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men and is associated with unacceptably high mortality rates, yet an accurate and acceptable screening programme that detects clinically significant prostate cancer remains elusive. Although there is good evidence that prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-based screening lowers prostate cancer-specific mortality, especially when conducted at high intensity, the harm caused by overinvestigation, overdiagnosis and overtreatment of clinically insignificant cases arguably outweighs these benefits. Several attempts have therefore been made to improve screening, enhancing the diagnostic value of PSA and identifying novel modalities for screening. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the benefits and harms, and analyse which of these novel screening methods show most promise. Level of evidence: 5, expert opinion
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Arron Thind
- Department of Medicine, Croydon University Hospital, UK
| | - Abhay Rane
- Department of Urology, East Surrey Hospital, UK
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Kelly NP, Flood HD, Hoey DA, Kiely PA, Giri SK, Coffey JC, Walsh MT. Direct mechanical characterization of prostate tissue-a systematic review. Prostate 2019; 79:115-125. [PMID: 30225866 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Direct mechanical characterization of tissue is the application of engineering techniques to biological tissue to ascertain stiffness or elasticity, which can change in response to disease states. A number of papers have been published on the application of these techniques to prostate tissue with a range of results reported. There is a marked variability in the results depending on testing techniques and disease state of the prostate tissue. We aimed to clarify the utility of direct mechanical characterization of prostate tissue in identifying disease states. METHODS A systematic review of the published literature regarding direct mechanical characterization of prostate tissue was undertaking according to PRISMA guidelines. RESULTS A variety of testing methods have been used, including compression, indentation, and tensile testing, as well as some indirect testing techniques, such as shear-wave elastography. There is strong evidence of significant stiffness differences between cancerous and non-cancerous prostate tissue, as well as correlations with prostate cancer stage. There is a correlation with increasing prostate stiffness and increasing lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia. There is a wide variation in the testing methods and protocols used in the literature making direct comparison between papers difficult. Most studies utilise ex-vivo or cadaveric tissue, while none incorporate in vivo testing. CONCLUSION Direct mechanical assessment of prostate tissue permits a better understanding of the pathological and physiological changes that are occurring within the tissue. Further work is needed to include prospective and in vivo data to aid medical device design and investigate non-surgical methods of managing prostate disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niall P Kelly
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Graduate Entry Medical School, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- BioScience BioEngineering Research (BioSciBER), Health Research Institute (HRI), Bernal Institute, School of Engineering, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Hugh D Flood
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - David A Hoey
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre, Trinity College Dublin & RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Patrick A Kiely
- Graduate Entry Medical School, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- BioScience BioEngineering Research (BioSciBER), Health Research Institute (HRI), Bernal Institute, School of Engineering, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Subhasis K Giri
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - J Calvin Coffey
- Graduate Entry Medical School, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Michael T Walsh
- BioScience BioEngineering Research (BioSciBER), Health Research Institute (HRI), Bernal Institute, School of Engineering, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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15
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New and Emerging Applications of Magnetic Resonance Elastography of Other Abdominal Organs. Top Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 27:335-352. [PMID: 30289829 DOI: 10.1097/rmr.0000000000000182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Increasing clinical experience and ongoing research in the field of magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is leading to exploration of its applications in other abdominal organs. In this review, the current research progress of MRE in prostate, uterus, pancreas, spleen, and kidney will be discussed. The article will describe patient preparation, modified technical approach including development of passive drivers, modification of sequences, and inversion. The potential clinical application of MRE in the evaluation of several disease processes affecting these organs will be discussed. In an era of increasing adoption of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging approaches for solving complex abdominal problems, abdominal MRE as a biomarker may be seamlessly incorporated into a standard magnetic resonance imaging examination to provide a rapid, reliable, and comprehensive imaging evaluation at a single patient appointment in the future.
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Jeon S, Lee J, Ryu W, Chae Y. A 0.9m Long 0.5gf Resolution Catheter-based Force Sensor for Real-Time Force Monitoring of Cardiovascular Surgery. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2018; 2018:3338-3341. [PMID: 30441103 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2018.8512951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents a 0.9m long capacitive force sensor for a catheter integration, which measures a contact force to inner vessel wall or organs with a resolution of 0.5gf. The force sensor is implemented with a thin flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) encapsulated by a force sensitive medium, multilayer polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The parasitic capacitance $( \mathrm {C}_{P})$ inherent in long catheters significantly degrades the sensing accuracy of capacitive force sensors. To account for this, this work proposes a sensor interface with $\mathrm {C}_{P}$ canceller. By removing the 348pF (91.5%) of $\mathrm {C}_{\mathrm{P}}$with the $\mathrm {C}_{\mathrm{P}}$ canceller, the capacitive force sensor achieves a capacitance resolution of 16aF equivalent to a force error of 0.5gf, which is a $10 \times $ improvement compared to the conventional sensor interface. The proposed force sensor offers great potential for real-time force monitoring of cardiovascular surgery.
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Jeon S, Lee J, Hwang H, Ryu W, Chae Y. A Parasitic Insensitive Catheter-Based Capacitive Force Sensor for Cardiovascular Diagnosis. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS 2018; 12:812-823. [PMID: 29994663 DOI: 10.1109/tbcas.2018.2832172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a catheter-based capacitive force sensor interface for cardiovascular diagnosis. The force sensor is implemented on a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) substrate with a force-sensitive polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), and a force-induced change in a capacitance of the sensor is measured by a precision capacitive sensor interface. To recover the performance degradation caused by the large parasitic capacitance ${\rm C}_{\rm P}$ of a long catheter, we present a parasitic insensitive analog front-end (AFE) with active ${\rm C}_{\rm P}$ cancellation, which employs a charge amplifier and a negative capacitor at the virtual ground of the charge amplifier. The prototype sensor was measured with a force loader in whole blood. The proposed AFE successfully cancels ${\rm C}_{\rm P}$ of 348 pF in a 0.9-m-long sensor and measurement results show the SNR of 53.8 dB and the capacitance resolution of 16 aF, a 19.6 dB improvement by canceling nonideal effect of ${\rm C}_{\rm P}$ . This corresponds to a force resolution of 2.22 gf, which is 9.29 $\times$ reduction compared to the work without the ${\rm C}_{\rm P}$ cancellation. The proposed sensor interface is insensitive to ${\rm C}_{\rm P}$ from hundreds to 1-nF level, and the force-dependent stiffness of two different tissues has been successfully distinguished with an ex-vivo experiment. The proposed sensor interface enables the integration of capacitive force sensors in a smart catheter.
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18
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Li B, Shi Y, Fontecchio A, Visell Y. Mechanical Imaging of Soft Tissues With a Highly Compliant Tactile Sensing Array. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2018. [DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2017.2715064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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19
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Palacio‐Torralba J, Good DW, Stewart GD, McNeill SA, Reuben RL, Chen Y. A novel method for rapid and quantitative mechanical assessment of soft tissue for diagnostic purposes: A computational study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2018; 34:e2917. [PMID: 28753220 PMCID: PMC5836875 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.2917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Biological tissues often experience drastic changes in their microstructure due to their pathophysiological conditions. Such microstructural changes could result in variations in mechanical properties, which can be used in diagnosing or monitoring a wide range of diseases, most notably cancer. This paves the avenue for non-invasive diagnosis by instrumented palpation although challenges remain in quantitatively assessing the amount of diseased tissue by means of mechanical characterization. This paper presents a framework for tissue diagnosis using a quantitative and efficient estimation of the fractions of cancerous and non-cancerous tissue without a priori knowledge of tissue microstructure. First, the sample is tested in a creep or stress relaxation experiment, and the behavior is characterized using a single term Prony series. A rule of mixtures, which relates tumor fraction to the apparent mechanical properties, is then obtained by minimizing the difference between strain energy of a heterogeneous system and an equivalent homogeneous one. Finally, the percentage of each tissue constituent is predicted by comparing the observed relaxation time with that calculated from the rule of mixtures. The proposed methodology is assessed using models reconstructed from histological samples and magnetic resonance imaging of prostate. Results show that estimation of cancerous tissue fraction can be obtained with a maximum error of 12% when samples of different sizes, geometries, and tumor fractions are presented. The proposed framework has the potential to be applied to a wide range of diseases such as rectal polyps, cirrhosis, or breast and prostate cancer whose current primary diagnosis remains qualitative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Palacio‐Torralba
- Institute of Mechanical, Process, and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical SciencesHeriot‐Watt UniversityEdinburghEH14 4ASUK
| | - Daniel W. Good
- Edinburgh Urological Cancer Group, Division of Pathology Laboratories, Institute of Genetics and Molecular MedicineUniversity of EdinburghWestern General Hospital, Crewe Road SouthEdinburghEH4 2XUUK
| | - Grant D. Stewart
- Edinburgh Urological Cancer Group, Division of Pathology Laboratories, Institute of Genetics and Molecular MedicineUniversity of EdinburghWestern General Hospital, Crewe Road SouthEdinburghEH4 2XUUK
- Department of Urology, NHS LothianWestern General HospitalCrewe Road SouthEdinburghEH4 2XUUK
| | - S. Alan McNeill
- Edinburgh Urological Cancer Group, Division of Pathology Laboratories, Institute of Genetics and Molecular MedicineUniversity of EdinburghWestern General Hospital, Crewe Road SouthEdinburghEH4 2XUUK
- Department of Urology, NHS LothianWestern General HospitalCrewe Road SouthEdinburghEH4 2XUUK
| | - Robert L. Reuben
- Institute of Mechanical, Process, and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical SciencesHeriot‐Watt UniversityEdinburghEH14 4ASUK
| | - Yuhang Chen
- Institute of Mechanical, Process, and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical SciencesHeriot‐Watt UniversityEdinburghEH14 4ASUK
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Fukuda T, Tanaka Y, Kappers AM, Fujiwara M, Sano A. Visual and tactile feedback for a direct-manipulating tactile sensor in laparoscopic palpation. Int J Med Robot 2017; 14. [DOI: 10.1002/rcs.1879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Fukuda
- Department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya Institute of Technology; Nagoya Japan
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Tokyo Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Tanaka
- Department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya Institute of Technology; Nagoya Japan
| | - Astrid M.L. Kappers
- Department of Human Movement Sciences; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Michitaka Fujiwara
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya University; Nagoya Japan
| | - Akihito Sano
- Department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya Institute of Technology; Nagoya Japan
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21
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Hammer SJ, Good DW, Scanlan P, Palacio-Torralba J, Phipps S, Stewart GD, Shu W, Chen Y, McNeill SA, Reuben RL. Quantitative mechanical assessment of the whole prostate gland ex vivo using dynamic instrumented palpation. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2017; 231:1081-1100. [PMID: 28965486 DOI: 10.1177/0954411917734257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
An instrumented palpation sensor, designed for measuring the dynamic modulus of tissue in vivo, has been developed and trialled on ex vivo whole prostate glands. The sensor consists of a flexible membrane sensor/actuator with an embedded strain gauge and is actuated using a dynamically varying airflow at frequencies of 1 and 5 Hz. The device was calibrated using an indentation stiffness measurement rig and gelatine samples with a range of static modulus similar to that reported in the literature for prostate tissue. The glands were removed from patients with diagnosed prostate cancer scheduled for radical prostatectomy, and the stiffness was measured within 30 min of surgical removal. Each prostate was later examined histologically in a column immediately below each indentation point and graded into one of the four groups; normal, benign prostatic hyperplasia, cancerous and mixed cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia. In total, 11 prostates were assessed using multiple point probing, and the complex modulus at 1 and 5 Hz was calculated on a point-by-point basis. The device yielded values of quasi-static modulus of 15 ± 0.5 kPa and dynamic modulus of 20 ± 0.5 kPa for whole prostates, and a sensitivity of up to 80% with slightly lower specificity was achieved on diagnosis of prostate cancer using a combination of mechanical measures. This assessment did not take into account some obvious factors such as edge effects, overlap and clinical significance of the cancer, all of which would improve performance. The device, as currently configured, is immediately deployable in vivo. A number of improvements are also identified which could improve the sensitivity and specificity in future embodiments of the probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Hammer
- 1 Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Daniel W Good
- 2 Department of Urology, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- 3 Edinburgh Urological Cancer Group, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Paul Scanlan
- 1 Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Javier Palacio-Torralba
- 1 Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Simon Phipps
- 2 Department of Urology, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- 3 Edinburgh Urological Cancer Group, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Grant D Stewart
- 3 Edinburgh Urological Cancer Group, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Will Shu
- 1 Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Yuhang Chen
- 1 Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - S Alan McNeill
- 2 Department of Urology, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- 3 Edinburgh Urological Cancer Group, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Robert L Reuben
- 1 Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
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22
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Yang TJ, Phipps S, Leung SK, Reuben RL, Habib FK, McNeill SA. Dynamic instrumented palpation - a new method for soft tissue quality assessment: application to prostate disease diagnosis. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2017; 231:1101-1115. [PMID: 28965477 DOI: 10.1177/0954411917734579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The objective is to establish the feasibility of using dynamic instrumented palpation, a novel technique of low-frequency mechanical testing, applied here to diagnose soft tissue condition. The technique is applied, in vitro, to samples of excised prostate gland affected by benign prostate hyperplasia and/or prostate cancer. Particular attention is paid to the relationship between the histological structure of the tissue and the dynamic mechanical properties in an attempt to separate patient-specific aspects from histopathological condition (i.e. prostate cancer or benign prostate hyperplasia). The technique is of clinical interest because it is potentially deployable in vivo. Prostate samples were obtained from a total of 36 patients who had undergone transurethral resection of the prostate to relieve prostatic obstruction and 4 patients who had undergone radical cystoprostatectomy for bladder cancer. Specimens (chips) recovered from transurethral resection of the prostate were of nominal size 5 mm × 8 mm and thicknesses between 2 and 4 mm, whereas those from the cystoprostatectomy were in the form of transverse slices of thickness approximately 6 mm. Specimens were mechanically tested by a controlled strain cyclic compression technique, and the resulting dynamic mechanical properties expressed as the amplitude ratio and phase difference between the cyclic stress and cyclic strain. After mechanical testing, the percentage areas of glandular and smooth muscle were measured at each probe point. Good contrast between the dynamic modulus of chips from benign prostate hyperplasia and prostate cancer patients was demonstrated, and absolute values similar to those published by other authors are reported. For the slices, modulus values were considerably higher than for chips, and good in-patient mechanical contrast was revealed for predominantly nodular and predominantly stromal areas. Extending this classification between patients required pattern recognition techniques. Overall, the study has demonstrated that dynamic mechanical properties can potentially be used for diagnosis of prostate condition using in vivo measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Th Jimmy Yang
- 1 Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Simon Phipps
- 2 Prostate Research Group, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Steve Kw Leung
- 2 Prostate Research Group, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Robert L Reuben
- 1 Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Fouad K Habib
- 2 Prostate Research Group, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - S Alan McNeill
- 3 Department of Urology, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
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23
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Ma Q, Yang DR, Xue BX, Wang C, Chen HB, Dong Y, Wang CS, Shan YX. Transrectal real-time tissue elastography targeted biopsy coupled with peak strain index improves the detection of clinically important prostate cancer. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:210-216. [PMID: 28693155 PMCID: PMC5494937 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The focus of the present study was to evaluate transrectal real-time tissue elastography (RTE)-targeted two-core biopsy coupled with peak strain index for the detection of prostate cancer (PCa) and to compare this method with 10-core systematic biopsy. A total of 141 patients were enrolled for evaluation. The diagnostic value of peak strain index was assessed using a receiver operating characteristic curve. The cancer detection rates of the two approaches and corresponding positive cores and Gleason score were compared. The cancer detection rate per core in the RTE-targeted biopsy (44%) was higher compared with that in systematic biopsy (30%). The peak strain index value of PCa was higher compared with that of the benign lesion. PCa was detected with the highest sensitivity (87.5%) and specificity (85.5%) using the threshold value of a peak strain index of ≥5.97 with an area under the curve value of 0.95. When the Gleason score was ≥7, RTE-targeted biopsy coupled with peak strain index detected 95.6% of PCa cases, but 84.4% were detected using systematic biopsy. Peak strain index as a quantitative parameter may improve the differentiation of PCa from benign lesions in the prostate peripheral zone. Transrectal RTE-targeted biopsy coupled with peak strain index may enhance the detection of clinically significant PCa, particularly when combined with systematic biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Ma
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Rong Yang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Bo-Xin Xue
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Han-Bin Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Yun Dong
- Department of Pathology, Wuxi Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214071, P.R. China
| | - Cai-Shan Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Xi Shan
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
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Bandari NM, Ahmadi R, Hooshiar A, Dargahi J, Packirisamy M. Hybrid piezoresistive-optical tactile sensor for simultaneous measurement of tissue stiffness and detection of tissue discontinuity in robot-assisted minimally invasive surgery. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2017; 22:77002. [PMID: 28734117 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.22.7.077002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To compensate for the lack of touch during minimally invasive and robotic surgeries, tactile sensors are integrated with surgical instruments. Surgical tools with tactile sensors have been used mainly for distinguishing among different tissues and detecting malignant tissues or tumors. Studies have revealed that malignant tissue is most likely stiffer than normal. This would lead to the formation of a sharp discontinuity in tissue mechanical properties. A hybrid piezoresistive-optical-fiber sensor is proposed. This sensor is investigated for its capabilities in tissue distinction and detection of a sharp discontinuity. The dynamic interaction of the sensor and tissue is studied using finite element method. The tissue is modeled as a two-term Mooney–Rivlin hyperelastic material. For experimental verification, the sensor was microfabricated and tested under the same conditions as of the simulations. The simulation and experimental results are in a fair agreement. The sensor exhibits an acceptable linearity, repeatability, and sensitivity in characterizing the stiffness of different tissue phantoms. Also, it is capable of locating the position of a sharp discontinuity in the tissue. Due to the simplicity of its sensing principle, the proposed hybrid sensor could also be used for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naghmeh M Bandari
- Concordia University, Optical-Bio Microsystems Laboratory, Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Montreal, CanadabConcordia University, Tactile Sensing and Medical Robotics Laboratory, Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Montreal, Canada
| | - Roozbeh Ahmadi
- Concordia University, Optical-Bio Microsystems Laboratory, Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Montreal, CanadabConcordia University, Tactile Sensing and Medical Robotics Laboratory, Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Montreal, Canada
| | - Amir Hooshiar
- Concordia University, Tactile Sensing and Medical Robotics Laboratory, Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Montreal, Canada
| | - Javad Dargahi
- Concordia University, Tactile Sensing and Medical Robotics Laboratory, Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Montreal, Canada
| | - Muthukumaran Packirisamy
- Concordia University, Optical-Bio Microsystems Laboratory, Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Montreal, Canada
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Accuracy of shear wave elastography for the diagnosis of prostate cancer: A meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1949. [PMID: 28512326 PMCID: PMC5434001 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02187-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Many studies have established the high diagnostic accuracy of shear wave elastography (SWE) for the detection of prostate cancer (PCa); however, its utility remains a subject of debate. This meta-analysis sought to appraise the overall accuracy of SWE for the detection of PCa. A literature search of the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) databases was conducted. In all of the included studies, the diagnostic accuracy of SWE was compared with that of histopathology, which was used as a standard. Data were pooled, and the sensitivity, specificity, area under the curve (AUC), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were calculated to estimate the accuracy of SWE. The pooled sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of PCa by SWE were 0.844 (95% confidence interval: 0.696–0.927) and 0.860 (0.792–0.908), respectively. The AUC was 0.91 (0.89–0.94), the PLR was 6.017 (3.674–9.853), and the NLR was 0.182 (0.085–0.389). The DOR was 33.069 (10.222–106.982). Thus, SWE exhibited high accuracy for the detection of PCa using histopathology as a diagnostic standard. Moreover, SWE may reduce the number of core biopsies needed.
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26
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Palacio-Torralba J, Good DW, McNeill SA, Reuben RL, Chen Y. Histology-based homogenization analysis of soft tissue: application to prostate cancer. J R Soc Interface 2017; 14:rsif.2017.0088. [PMID: 28404869 PMCID: PMC5414912 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2017.0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that the changes in tissue microstructure associated with certain pathophysiological conditions can influence its mechanical properties. Quantitatively relating the tissue microstructure to the macroscopic mechanical properties could lead to significant improvements in clinical diagnosis, especially when the mechanical properties of the tissue are used as diagnostic indices such as in digital rectal examination and elastography. In this study, a novel method of imposing periodic boundary conditions in non-periodic finite-element meshes is presented. This method is used to develop quantitative relationships between tissue microstructure and its apparent mechanical properties for benign and malignant tissue at various length scales. Finally, the inter-patient variation in the tissue properties is also investigated. Results show significant changes in the statistical distribution of the mechanical properties at different length scales. More importantly the loss of the normal differentiation of glandular structure of cancerous tissue has been demonstrated to lead to changes in mechanical properties and anisotropy. The proposed methodology is not limited to a particular tissue or material and the example used could help better understand how changes in the tissue microstructure caused by pathological conditions influence the mechanical properties, ultimately leading to more sensitive and accurate diagnostic technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Palacio-Torralba
- Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Daniel W Good
- Edinburgh Urological Cancer Group, Division of Pathology Laboratories, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK.,Department of Urology, NHS Lothian, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - S Alan McNeill
- Edinburgh Urological Cancer Group, Division of Pathology Laboratories, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK.,Department of Urology, NHS Lothian, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Robert L Reuben
- Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Yuhang Chen
- Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK
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Barr RG, Cosgrove D, Brock M, Cantisani V, Correas JM, Postema AW, Salomon G, Tsutsumi M, Xu HX, Dietrich CF. WFUMB Guidelines and Recommendations on the Clinical Use of Ultrasound Elastography: Part 5. Prostate. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2017; 43:27-48. [PMID: 27567060 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2016.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The World Federation for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology (WFUMB) has produced guidelines for the use of elastography techniques, including basic science, breast, liver and thyroid elastography. Here we present elastography in prostate diseases. For each available technique, procedure, reproducibility, results and limitations are analyzed and recommendations are given. Finally, recommendations are given based on the level of evidence of the published literature and on the WFUMB expert group's consensus. This document has a clinical perspective and is aimed at assessing the usefulness of elastography in the management of prostate diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard G Barr
- Department of Radiology, Northeastern Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio, USA; Southwoods Imaging, Youngstown, Ohio, USA
| | - David Cosgrove
- Division of Radiology, Imperial and Kings Colleges, London, UK
| | - Marko Brock
- Department of Urology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr-University Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - Vito Cantisani
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, Policlinico Umberto I, University Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Jean Michel Correas
- Department of Adult Radiology, Paris-Descartes University and Necker University Hospital, Paris; Institut Langevin, Inserm U979, Paris, France
| | - Arnoud W Postema
- Department of Urology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Georg Salomon
- Martini Klinik am Universitätsklinikum Hamburg, Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Masakazu Tsutsumi
- Department of Urology, Hitachi General Hospital, Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hui-Xiong Xu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Christoph F Dietrich
- Department of Internal Medicine 2, Caritas Krankenhaus, Bad Mergentheim, Germany; Sino-German Research Center of Ultrasound in Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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Chatzipirpiridis G, Erne P, Ergeneman O, Pane S, Nelson BJ. A magnetic force sensor on a catheter tip for minimally invasive surgery. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2015; 2015:7970-7973. [PMID: 26738141 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2015.7320241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a magnetically guided catheter for minimally invasive surgery (MIS) with a magnetic force sensing tip. The force sensing element utilizes a magnetic Hall sensor and a miniature permanent magnet mounted on a flexible encapsulation acting as the sensing membrane. It is capable of high sensitivity and robust force measurements suitable for in-vivo applications. A second larger magnet placed on the catheter allows the catheter to be guided by applying magnetic fields. Precise orientation control can be achieved with an external magnetic manipulation system. The proposed device can be used in many applications of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) to detect forces applied on tissue during procedures or to characterize different types of tissue for diagnosis.
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Nyberg M, Jalkanen V, Ramser K, Ljungberg B, Bergh A, Lindahl OA. Dual-modality probe intended for prostate cancer detection combining Raman spectroscopy and tactile resonance technology--discrimination of normal human prostate tissues ex vivo. J Med Eng Technol 2015; 39:198-207. [PMID: 25762203 DOI: 10.3109/03091902.2015.1021430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer for men in the western world. For the first time, a dual-modality probe, combining Raman spectroscopy and tactile resonance technology, has been used for assessment of fresh human prostate tissue. The study investigates the potential of the dual-modality probe by testing its ability to differentiate prostate tissue types ex vivo. Measurements on four prostates show that the tactile resonance modality was able to discriminate soft epithelial tissue and stiff stroma (p < 0.05). The Raman spectra exhibited a strong fluorescent background at the current experimental settings. However, stroma could be discerned from epithelia by integrating the value of the spectral background. Combining both parameters by a stepwise analysis resulted in 100% sensitivity and 91% specificity. Although no cancer tissue was analysed, the results are promising for further development of the instrument and method for discriminating prostate tissues and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nyberg
- Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Luleå University of Technology , Luleå , Sweden
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Good DW, Khan A, Hammer S, Scanlan P, Shu W, Phipps S, Parson SH, Stewart GD, Reuben R, McNeill SA. Tissue quality assessment using a novel direct elasticity assessment device (the E-finger): a cadaveric study of prostatectomy dissection. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112872. [PMID: 25384014 PMCID: PMC4226612 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Minimally invasive radical prostatectomy (RP) (robotic and laparoscopic), have brought improvements in the outcomes of RP due to improved views and increased degrees of freedom of surgical devices. Robotic and laparoscopic surgeries do not incorporate haptic feedback, which may result in complications secondary to inadequate tissue dissection (causing positive surgical margins, rhabdosphincter damage, etc). We developed a micro-engineered device (6 mm2 sized) [E-finger]) capable of quantitative elasticity assessment, with amplitude ratio, mean ratio and phase lag representing this. The aim was to assess the utility of the device in differentiating peri-prostatic tissue types in order to guide prostate dissection. Material and Methods Two embalmed and 2 fresh frozen cadavers were used in the study. Baseline elasticity values were assessed in bladder, prostate and rhabdosphincter of pre-dissected embalmed cadavers using the micro-engineered device. A measurement grid was created to span from the bladder, across the prostate and onto the rhabdosphincter of fresh frozen cadavers to enable a systematic quantitative elasticity assessment of the entire area by 2 independent assessors. Tissue was sectioned along each row of elasticity measurement points, and stained with haematoxylin and eosin (H&E). Image analysis was performed with Image Pro Premier to determine the histology at each measurement point. Results Statistically significant differences in elasticity were identified between bladder, prostate and sphincter in both embalmed and fresh frozen cadavers (p = <0.001). Intra-class correlation (ICC) reliability tests showed good reliability (average ICC = 0.851). Sensitivity and specificity for tissue identification was 77% and 70% respectively to a resolution of 6 mm2. Conclusions This cadaveric study has evaluated the ability of our elasticity assessment device to differentiate bladder, prostate and rhabdosphincter to a resolution of 6 mm2. The results provide useful data for which to continue to examine the use of elasticity assessment devices for tissue quality assessment with the aim of giving haptic feedback to surgeons performing complex surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W. Good
- Edinburgh Urological Cancer Group, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH2 4XU, United Kingdom
- Department of Urology, Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Ashfaq Khan
- Department of Anatomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Steven Hammer
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Scanlan
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Wenmiao Shu
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Phipps
- Edinburgh Urological Cancer Group, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH2 4XU, United Kingdom
- Department of Urology, Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Simon H. Parson
- Department of Anatomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Grant D. Stewart
- Edinburgh Urological Cancer Group, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH2 4XU, United Kingdom
- Department of Urology, Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Reuben
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - S. Alan McNeill
- Edinburgh Urological Cancer Group, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH2 4XU, United Kingdom
- Department of Urology, Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Gwilliam JC, Yoshioka T, Okamura AM, Hsiao SS. Neural coding of passive lump detection in compliant artificial tissue. J Neurophysiol 2014; 112:1131-41. [PMID: 24805077 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00032.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we investigate the neural mechanisms of detecting lumps embedded in artificial compliant tissues. We performed a combined psychophysical study of humans performing a passive lump detection task with a neurophysiological study in nonhuman primates (Macaca mulatta) where we recorded the responses of peripheral mechanoreceptive afferents to lumps embedded at various depths in intermediates (rubbers) of varying compliance. The psychophysical results reveal that human lump detection is greatly degraded by both lump depth and decreased compliance of the intermediate. The neurophysiology results reveal that only the slowly adapting type 1 (SA1) afferents provide a clear spatial representation of lumps at all depths and that the representation is affected by lump size, depth, and compliance of the intermediate. The rapidly adapting afferents are considerably less sensitive to the lump. We defined eight neural response measures that we hypothesized could explain the psychophysical behavior, including peak firing rate, spatial spread of neural activity, and additional parameters derived from these measures. We find that peak firing rate encodes the depth of the lump, and the neural spatial spread of the SA1 response encodes for lump size but not lump shape. We also find that the perception of lump size may be affected by the compliance of the intermediate. The results show that lump detection is based on a spatial population code of the SA1 afferents, which is distorted by the depth of the lump and compliance of the tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- James C Gwilliam
- Zanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute and Kennedy Krieger Institute, Departments of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Takashi Yoshioka
- Zanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute and Kennedy Krieger Institute, Departments of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Allison M Okamura
- Zanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute and Kennedy Krieger Institute, Departments of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Steven S Hsiao
- Zanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute and Kennedy Krieger Institute, Departments of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
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32
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Tactile sensor using acoustic reflection for lump detection in laparoscopic surgery. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2014; 10:183-93. [DOI: 10.1007/s11548-014-1067-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Fütterer JJ, Barentsz JO, Heijmijnk STWPJ. Imaging modalities for prostate cancer. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2014; 9:923-37. [DOI: 10.1586/era.09.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Yousuf MA, Asiyanbola BA. A review of force and resonance sensors used in the clinical study of tissue properties. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2013; 227:1333-40. [PMID: 24048077 DOI: 10.1177/0954411913493722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Tactile sensing is commonly carried out by humans using their fingers or hands to estimate the physical properties of an object. A large body of literature covers a range of applications of these methods in clinical situations. The objective of this work is to show the breadth of application areas explored and the achievements that have been made in the measurement of physical variables of interest to physicians using tactile force and resonance sensors. Although a broad spectrum of applications has been considered, of particular interest is the application of these methods to determine tissue properties in vivo. Progress in this direction has been made by various groups particularly with respect to piezoelectric and capacitance sensors. Also described are the findings of a preliminary study of a tactile system designed to examine the abdomen of the clinically super-obese patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad A Yousuf
- Center for Talented Youth, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Jalkanen V, Andersson BM, Bergh A, Ljungberg B, Lindahl OA. Indentation loading response of a resonance sensor--discriminating prostate cancer and normal tissue. J Med Eng Technol 2013; 37:416-23. [PMID: 23978075 DOI: 10.3109/03091902.2013.824510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common type of cancer among men worldwide. Mechanical properties of prostate tissue are promising for distinguishing prostate cancer from healthy prostate tissue. The aim was to investigate the indentation loading response of a resonance sensor for discriminating prostate cancer tissue from normal tissue. Indentation measurements were done on prostate tissue specimens ex vivo from 10 patients from radical prostatectomy. The measurement areas were analysed using standard histological methods. The stiffness parameter was linearly dependent on the loading force (average R(2 )= 0.90) and an increased loading force caused a greater stiffness contrast of prostate cancer vs normal tissue. The accuracy of the stiffness contrast was assessed by the ROC curve with the area under the curve being 0.941 for a loading force of 12.8 mN. The results are promising for the development of a resonance sensor instrument for detecting prostate cancer.
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Good DW, Stewart GD, Hammer S, Scanlan P, Shu W, Phipps S, Reuben R, McNeill AS. Elasticity as a biomarker for prostate cancer: a systematic review. BJU Int 2013; 113:523-34. [DOI: 10.1111/bju.12236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W. Good
- Edinburgh Urological Cancer Group; University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh UK
- Department of Urology; Western General Hospital; Edinburgh UK
| | - Grant D. Stewart
- Edinburgh Urological Cancer Group; University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh UK
- Department of Urology; Western General Hospital; Edinburgh UK
| | - Steven Hammer
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences; Heriot-Watt University; Edinburgh UK
| | - Paul Scanlan
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences; Heriot-Watt University; Edinburgh UK
| | - Wenmiao Shu
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences; Heriot-Watt University; Edinburgh UK
| | - Simon Phipps
- Edinburgh Urological Cancer Group; University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh UK
- Department of Urology; Western General Hospital; Edinburgh UK
| | - Robert Reuben
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences; Heriot-Watt University; Edinburgh UK
| | - Alan S. McNeill
- Edinburgh Urological Cancer Group; University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh UK
- Department of Urology; Western General Hospital; Edinburgh UK
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Teng J, Chen M, Gao Y, Yao Y, Chen L, Xu D. Transrectal sonoelastography in the detection of prostate cancers: a meta-analysis. BJU Int 2012; 110:E614-20. [PMID: 22788672 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.2012.11344.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? The accuracy of transrectal sonoelastography (TRSE) in the detection of prostate cancer is variable, with a sensitivity ranging from 51.1 to 91.7% and specificity ranging from 62.2 to 86.8%. This is the first meta-analysis to assess the overall accuracy of TRSE in the detection of prostate cancer. OBJECTIVE • To assess the overall accuracy of transrectal sonoelastography (TRSE) targeted biopsy in the diagnosis of patients suspected of having prostate cancer (PCa). METHODS • A systematic search of electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase and The Cochrane Library, and manual bibliography searches were performed. • All relevant studies assessing the diagnostic accuracy of TRSE in PCa detection were included in our meta-analysis. • The data were pooled and sensitivity, specificity, area under the curve (AUC), positive likelihood ratio (LR) and negative LR were calculated. RESULTS • Pooled patient data analysis: the pooled (95% confidential intervals [95% CI]) sensitivity of TRSE targeted biopsy in patients suspected of having PCa was 62 (55-68) %; specificity was 79% (74-84%); AUC was 0.7696; positive LR was 2.92 (2.28-3.74); and negative LR was 0.49 (0.41-0.59). • Pooled core data analysis: pooled (95% CI) sensitivity, specificity, positive LR and negative LR were 34% (30-38%), 93% (91-95%), 5.07 (3.91-6.57) and 0.71 (0.66-0.75), respectively. CONCLUSION • Transrectal sonoelastography is a promising technique in PCa detection and can be considered to be a valuable supplemental method to systemic biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfei Teng
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Sahebjavaher RS, Baghani A, Honarvar M, Sinkus R, Salcudean SE. Transperineal prostate MR elastography: initial in vivo results. Magn Reson Med 2012; 69:411-20. [PMID: 22505273 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.24268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2011] [Revised: 02/29/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This article presents a new approach to magnetic resonance elastography of the prostate using transperineal mechanical excitation. This approach is validated using a prostate elasticity phantom and in vivo studies of healthy volunteers. It is demonstrated that the transperineal approach can generate shear wave amplitudes on the order of 6-30 μm in the mid-gland region. The driver was implemented using an electromagnetic actuator with a hydraulic transmission system. The magnetic resonance elastography acquisition time has been reduced significantly by using a "second harmonic" approach. Displacement fields are processed using the established three-dimensional local frequency estimation algorithm. The three-dimensional curl-based direct inversion was used to calculate the local wavelength. The traveling wave expansion algorithm was used to reconstruct the wave damping image for one case. Using the proposed method, it was possible to resolve lesions of 0.5 cc in the phantom study. Repeatability experiments were performed and analyzed. The results from this study indicate that transperineal magnetic resonance elastography--without an endorectal coil--is a suitable candidate for a patient study involving multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging of prostate cancer, where magnetic resonance elastography may provide additional information for improved diagnosis and image-based surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin S Sahebjavaher
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4.
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40
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Material characterization of ex vivo prostate tissue via spherical indentation in the clinic. Med Eng Phys 2011; 33:302-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2010.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2010] [Revised: 10/13/2010] [Accepted: 10/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Zhang Y, Tang J, Li YM, Fei X, Lv FQ, He EH, Li QY, Shi HY. Differentiation of prostate cancer from benign lesions using strain index of transrectal real-time tissue elastography. Eur J Radiol 2011; 81:857-62. [PMID: 21392908 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2011.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2010] [Accepted: 02/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was to assess the diagnostic value of strain index (SI) for transrectal real-time tissue elastography (TRTE) on differentiating malignant from benign lesions in the prostate peripheral zone. METHODS 83 patients suspected of having prostate cancer (PCa) underwent transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) and TRTE examinations. The lesions in the prostate peripheral zone detected by TRTE were set as the regions of interest (ROI) for strain ratio (SR) measurement (SRA). The moderate texture tissues without lesion were set as the reference ROI for SR measurement (SRB). Then, SI (SRB/SRA) of total lesions (ASI) and local lesion (PSI) were calculated, and the diagnostic values of ASI and PSI on differentiating benign from malignant lesions were assessed respectively. RESULTS The range of PSI was 2.23-67.21 (29.97 ± 15.58) in malignant tumors and 0. 4-43.6 (7.79 ± 8.75) in benign lesions (AUC=0.90), while the range of ASI was 2.84-47.9 (8.38 ± 12.20) in malignant tumors and 0.4 -2.79 (5.85 ± 7.29) in benign lesions (AUC=0.62). There was significant difference of PSI values between the benign and malignant lesions (P<0.01). At the cutoff value of 17.44, PSI yielded the highest sensitivity (74.5%) and specificity (83.3%) for discriminating PCa from benign lesions. The capability of PSI in the diagnosis of PCa improved with the increase of Gleason scores. CONCLUSION PSI is one of the elasticity parameters obtained easily by TRTE, it can provide more information in the differentiation of prostate peripheral zone lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
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Hoyt K. Theoretical Analysis of Shear Wave Interference Patterns by Means of Dynamic Acoustic Radiation Forces. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIPHYSICS 2011; 5:9-24. [PMID: 21980318 PMCID: PMC3185381 DOI: 10.1260/1750-9548.5.1.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Acoustic radiation forces associated with high intensity focused ultrasound stimulate shear wave propagation allowing shear wave speed and shear viscosity estimation of tissue structures. As wave speeds are meters per second, real time displacement tracking over an extend field-of-view using ultrasound is problematic due to very high frame rate requirements. However, two spatially separated dynamic external sources can stimulate shear wave motion leading to shear wave interference patterns. Advantages are shear waves can be imaged at lower frame rates and local interference pattern spatial properties reflect tissue's viscoelastic properties. Here a theoretical analysis of shear wave interference patterns by means of dynamic acoustic radiation forces is detailed. Using a viscoelastic Green's function analysis, tissue motion due to a pair of focused ultrasound beams and associated radiation forces are presented. Overall, this paper theoretically demonstrates shear wave interference patterns can be stimulated using dynamic acoustic radiation forces and tracked using conventional ultrasound imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Hoyt
- Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Engineering, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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Liu H, Puangmali P, Zbyszewski D, Elhage O, Dasgupta P, Dai JS, Seneviratne L, Althoefer K. An indentation depth-force sensing wheeled probe for abnormality identification during minimally invasive surgery. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2010; 224:751-63. [PMID: 20608492 DOI: 10.1243/09544119jeim682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents a novel wheeled probe for the purpose of aiding a surgeon in soft tissue abnormality identification during minimally invasive surgery (MIS), compensating the loss of haptic feedback commonly associated with MIS. Initially, a prototype for validating the concept was developed. The wheeled probe consists of an indentation depth sensor employing an optic fibre sensing scheme and a force/torque sensor. The two sensors work in unison, allowing the wheeled probe to measure the tool-tissue interaction force and the rolling indentation depth concurrently. The indentation depth sensor was developed and initially tested on a homogenous silicone phantom representing a good model for a soft tissue organ; the results show that the sensor can accurately measure the indentation depths occurring while performing rolling indentation, and has good repeatability. To validate the ability of the wheeled probe to identify abnormalities located in the tissue, the device was tested on a silicone phantom containing embedded hard nodules. The experimental data demonstrate that recording the tissue reaction force as well as rolling indentation depth signals during rolling indentation, the wheeled probe can rapidly identify the distribution of tissue stiffness and cause the embedded hard nodules to be accurately located.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Liu
- King's College London, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Division of Engineering, School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Strand, London, UK
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Mitri FG, Urban MW, Fatemi M, Greenleaf JF. Shear wave dispersion ultrasonic vibrometry for measuring prostate shear stiffness and viscosity: an in vitro pilot study. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2010; 58:235-42. [PMID: 20595086 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2010.2053928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports shear stiffness and viscosity "virtual biopsy" measurements of the three excised noncancerous human prostates using a new tool known as shear wave dispersion ultrasound vibrometry (SDUV) in vitro. Improved methods for prostate guided-biopsy are required to effectively guide needle biopsy to the suspected site. In addition, tissue stiffness measurement helps in identifying a suspected site to perform biopsy because stiffness has been shown to correlate with pathologies, such as cancerous tissue. More importantly, early detection of prostate cancer may guide minimally invasive therapy and eliminate insidious procedures. In this paper, "virtual biopsies" were taken in multiple locations in three excised prostates; SDUV shear elasticity and viscosity measurements were performed at the selected "suspicious" locations within the prostates. SDUV measurements of prostate elasticity and viscosity are generally in agreement with preliminary values previously reported in the literature. It is, however, important to emphasize here that the obtained viscoelastic parameters values are local, and not a mean value for the whole prostate.
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Affiliation(s)
- F G Mitri
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering,Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA.
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Mechanical property characterization of prostate cancer using a minimally motorized indenter in an ex vivo indentation experiment. Urology 2010; 76:1007-11. [PMID: 20451976 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2010.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2009] [Revised: 01/21/2010] [Accepted: 02/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To measure the mechanical property of prostatic tissues using a minimally motorized indenter and to determine whether measurable differences in mechanical property exist between cancerous and noncancerous tissues in an ex vivo experiment. METHODS A total of 552 sites from 46 prostate specimens taken during radical prostatectomy underwent an indentation experiment with a minimally motorized indenter, and the elastic modulus (Young's modulus) of the tissue was estimated. RESULTS The mean elastic modulus of the regions containing cancer and noncancer was 24.1 ± 14.5 and 17.0 ± 9.0 kPa, respectively. In the noncancerous regions, the prostate was separated into 5 parts according to the post hoc test for comparing the elastic modulus between the 2 groups: part 1, lateral apex; part 2, medial apex; part 3, lateral-mid; part 4, lateral base; and part 5, medial-mid and medial base. In the regions containing cancer tissue, the prostate was also separated into 5 parts: part 1, lateral apex and medial apex; part 2, lateral-mid; part 3, lateral base; part 4, medial base; and part 5, medial-mid. The elastic modulus was greater in the tissue with a Gleason score of 8 than in the other tissue. The elastic modulus was significantly greater in the tissue with a tumor volume >5 cm(3) than in the other tissue. CONCLUSIONS We determined the elastic moduli of prostatic tissue as a quantitative and objective parameter according to the regions of the prostate, the presence of cancerous tissue, the tumor volume, and the Gleason score.
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Chopra R, Arani A, Huang Y, Musquera M, Wachsmuth J, Bronskill M, Plewes D. In vivo MR elastography of the prostate gland using a transurethral actuator. Magn Reson Med 2009; 62:665-71. [PMID: 19572390 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.22038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Conventional approaches for MR elastography (MRE) using surface drivers have difficulty achieving sufficient shear wave propagation in the prostate gland due to attenuation. In this study we evaluate the feasibility of generating shear wave propagation in the prostate gland using a transurethral device. A novel transurethral actuator design is proposed, and the performance of this device was evaluated in gelatin phantoms and in a canine prostate gland. All MRI was performed on a 1.5T MR imager using a conventional gradient-echo MRE sequence. A piezoceramic actuator was used to vibrate the transurethral device along its length. Shear wave propagation was measured transverse and parallel to the rod at frequencies between 100 and 250 Hz in phantoms and in the prostate gland. The shear wave propagation was cylindrical, and uniform along the entire length of the rod in the gel experiments. The feasibility of transurethral MRE was demonstrated in vivo in a canine model, and shear wave propagation was observed in the prostate gland as well as along the rod. These experiments demonstrate the technical feasibility of transurethral MRE in vivo. Further development of this technique is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv Chopra
- Imaging Research, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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47
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Barnes SL, Young PP, Miga MI. A novel model-gel-tissue assay analysis for comparing tumor elastic properties to collagen content. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2009; 8:337-43. [DOI: 10.1007/s10237-009-0150-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2008] [Accepted: 02/23/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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48
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Lindberg PL, Andersson BM, Bergh A, Ljungberg B, Lindahl OA. An image analysis method for prostate tissue classification: preliminary validation with resonance sensor data. J Med Eng Technol 2009; 33:18-24. [PMID: 19116850 DOI: 10.1080/03091900801945200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Resonance sensor systems have been shown to be able to distinguish between cancerous and normal prostate tissue, in vitro. The aim of this study was to improve the accuracy of the tissue determination, to simplify the tissue classification process with computerized morphometrical analysis, to decrease the risk of human errors, and to reduce the processing time. In this article we present our newly developed computerized classification method based on image analysis. In relation to earlier resonance sensor studies we increased the number of normal prostate tissue classes into stroma, epithelial tissue, lumen and stones. The linearity between the impression depth and tissue classes was calculated using multiple linear regression (R(2) = 0.68, n = 109, p < 0.001) and partial least squares (R(2) = 0.55, n = 109, p < 0.001). Thus it can be concluded that there existed a linear relationship between the impression depth and the tissue classes. The new image analysis method was easy to handle and decreased the classification time by 80%.
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Affiliation(s)
- P L Lindberg
- Department of Applied Physics and Electronics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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49
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Hoyt K, Kneezel T, Castaneda B, Parker KJ. Quantitative sonoelastography for the in vivo assessment of skeletal muscle viscoelasticity. Phys Med Biol 2008; 53:4063-80. [PMID: 18612176 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/53/15/004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A novel quantitative sonoelastography technique for assessing the viscoelastic properties of skeletal muscle tissue was developed. Slowly propagating shear wave interference patterns (termed crawling waves) were generated using a two-source configuration vibrating normal to the surface. Theoretical models predict crawling wave displacement fields, which were validated through phantom studies. In experiments, a viscoelastic model was fit to dispersive shear wave speed sonoelastographic data using nonlinear least-squares techniques to determine frequency-independent shear modulus and viscosity estimates. Shear modulus estimates derived using the viscoelastic model were in agreement with that obtained by mechanical testing on phantom samples. Preliminary sonoelastographic data acquired in healthy human skeletal muscles confirm that high-quality quantitative elasticity data can be acquired in vivo. Studies on relaxed muscle indicate discernible differences in both shear modulus and viscosity estimates between different skeletal muscle groups. Investigations into the dynamic viscoelastic properties of (healthy) human skeletal muscles revealed that voluntarily contracted muscles exhibit considerable increases in both shear modulus and viscosity estimates as compared to the relaxed state. Overall, preliminary results are encouraging and quantitative sonoelastography may prove clinically feasible for in vivo characterization of the dynamic viscoelastic properties of human skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Hoyt
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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50
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Zhang M, Nigwekar P, Castaneda B, Hoyt K, Joseph JV, di Sant'Agnese A, Messing EM, Strang JG, Rubens DJ, Parker KJ. Quantitative characterization of viscoelastic properties of human prostate correlated with histology. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2008; 34:1033-42. [PMID: 18258350 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2007.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2007] [Revised: 11/21/2007] [Accepted: 11/30/2007] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Quantification of mechanical properties of human prostate tissue is important for developing sonoelastography for prostate cancer detection. In this study, we characterized the frequency-dependent complex Young's modulus of normal and cancerous prostate tissues in vitro by using stress relaxation testing and viscoelastic tissue modeling methods. After radical prostatectomy, small cylindrical tissue samples were acquired in the posterior region of each prostate. A total of 17 samples from eight human prostates were obtained and tested. Stress relaxation tests on prostate samples produced repeatable results that fit a viscoelastic Kelvin-Voigt fractional derivative (KVFD) model (r(2)>0.97). For normal (n = 8) and cancerous (n = 9) prostate samples, the average magnitudes of the complex Young's moduli (|E*|) were 15.9 +/- 5.9 kPa and 40.4 +/- 15.7 kPa at 150 Hz, respectively, giving an elastic contrast of 2.6:1. Nine two-sample t-tests indicated that there are significant differences between stiffness of normal and cancerous prostate tissues in the same gland (p < 0.01). This study contributes to the current limited knowledge on the viscoelastic properties of the human prostate, and the inherent elastic contrast produced by cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA.
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