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Azharuddin M, Zhu GH, Sengupta A, Hinkula J, Slater NKH, Patra HK. Nano toolbox in immune modulation and nanovaccines. Trends Biotechnol 2022; 40:1195-1212. [PMID: 35450779 PMCID: PMC10439010 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2022.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Despite the great success of vaccines over two centuries, the conventional strategy is based on attenuated/altered microorganisms. However, this is not effective for all microbes and often fails to elicit a protective immune response, and sometimes poses unexpected safety risks. The expanding nano toolbox may overcome some of the roadblocks in vaccine development given the plethora of unique nanoparticle (NP)-based platforms that can successfully induce specific immune responses leading to exciting and novel solutions. Nanovaccines necessitate a thorough understanding of the immunostimulatory effect of these nanotools. We present a comprehensive description of strategies in which nanotools have been used to elicit an immune response and provide a perspective on how nanotechnology can lead to future personalized nanovaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Azharuddin
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BKV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Geyunjian Harry Zhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anirban Sengupta
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BKV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Jorma Hinkula
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BKV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Nigel K H Slater
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hirak K Patra
- Department of Surgical Biotechnology, University College London, London, UK.
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2
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Sun HC, Huang J, Fu Y, Hao LL, Liu X, Shi TY. Enhancing Immune Responses to a DNA Vaccine Encoding Toxoplasma gondii GRA7 Using Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles as an Adjuvant. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 11:787635. [PMID: 34976863 PMCID: PMC8716823 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.787635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii infects almost all warm-blooded animals, including humans. DNA vaccines are an effective strategy against T. gondii infection, but these vaccines have often been poorly immunogenic due to the poor distribution of plasmids or degradation by lysosomes. It is necessary to evaluate the antigen delivery system for optimal vaccination strategy. Nanoparticles (NPs) have been shown to modulate and enhance the cellular humoral immune response. Here, we studied the immunological properties of calcium phosphate nanoparticles (CaPNs) as nanoadjuvants to enhance the protective effect of T. gondii dense granule protein (GRA7). BALB/c mice were injected three times and then challenged with T. gondii RH strain tachyzoites. Mice vaccinated with GRA7-pEGFP-C2+nano-adjuvant (CaPNs) showed a strong cellular immune response, as monitored by elevated levels of anti-T. gondii-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG), a higher IgG2a-to-IgG1 ratio, elevated interleukin (IL)-12 and interferon (IFN)-γ production, and low IL-4 levels. We found that a significantly higher level of splenocyte proliferation was induced by GRA7-pEGFP-C2+nano-adjuvant (CaPNs) immunization, and a significantly prolonged survival time and decreased parasite burden were observed in vaccine-immunized mice. These data indicated that CaPN-based immunization with T. gondii GRA7 is a promising approach to improve vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Chao Sun
- Department of Animal Parasitology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Animal Epidemic Surveillance, Zhejiang Provincial Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Fu
- Department of Animal Parasitology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li-Li Hao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tuan-Yuan Shi
- Department of Animal Parasitology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
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3
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Formulation of Microwave-Assisted Natural-Synthetic Polymer Composite Film and Its Physicochemical Characterization. INT J POLYM SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/9961710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study is aimed at microwave-assisted synthesis of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and Eudragit L100 composite film and its physicochemical characterization. The film was developed with varying quantities of each polymer and treated with microwave at a fixed frequency of 2450 MHz with a power of 350 Watts for 60 and 120 s. All formulations were characterized for thickness/weight uniformity, moisture adsorption, erosion and water uptake, tensile strength, and vibrational, thermal, and surface morphological analysis in comparison with untreated film samples. Results indicated that microwave treatment for 60 s significantly improved the tensile strength, reduced the water adsorption, delayed erosion, and reduced the water uptake in comparison with the untreated and 120 s treated film formulations. The vibrational analysis revealed rigidification of hydrophilic domains at OH/NH moiety and fluidization of hydrophobic domains at asymmetric and symmetric CH moieties, which is envisaged to be due to the formation of new linkages between the two polymers. These were later confirmed by thermal analysis where a significant rise in transition temperature, as well as enthalpy of the system, was recorded. The microwave treatment for 60 s is thus advocated to be the best treatment condition for developing sodium carboxymethylcellulose and Eudragit L100 composite polymeric films.
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Zhou M, Bi Y, Li C, Chen X, Zhang F, Zhou H, Xiao J, Li Y, Qu X. Preparation of polyacrylate/nanoemulsion composites and their adjuvant activity with OVA as the model antigen. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 207:112015. [PMID: 34364252 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of polyacrylate/nanoemulsion composites were prepared to form a new kind of nanoemulsion, their particle sizes and polydispersity indices were measured. The particle sizes of the polyacrylate/nanoemulsion composites are consistent with nanoemulsions used in the system. In addition, an ELISA-specific antigen-antibody binding method was used for physical adsorption experiments on ovalbumin. Results showed that the adsorption performance of the polyacrylate/nanoemulsion system is best when the particle size was 55 nm, and the nanoemulsion content was 20 wt%, 30 wt%, or 40 wt%. Meanwhile, in order to select the optimum experimental conditions, in vivo immunity experiments in mice were carried out to analyze the adjuvant properties of ovalbumin as a model antigen. Analysis of ovalbumin-specific IgG, IgG1, and IgG2a antibody titers showed the best results when the particle size of the polyacrylate/nanoemulsion composites is 55 nm, the polyacrylate content is 0.5 wt%, and the nanoemulsion contents is 20 wt%. Meanwhile, titer analysis also showed that the polyacrylate obviously enhanced the IgG2a titer in mice. Our polyacrylate/nanoemulsion composites can both stimulate humoral and cellular immunity and have an enhanced adjuvant effect on water-soluble protein antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, 300130, Tianjin, PR China; Institute of Energy Resources, Hebei Academy of Sciences, 050081, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, PR China
| | - Yutong Bi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Hebei Engineering Laboratory of Aviation Lightweight Composite Materials and Processing Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Materials Near-Net Forming Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Flexible Functional Materials, 050018, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, PR China
| | - Chengyu Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Hebei Engineering Laboratory of Aviation Lightweight Composite Materials and Processing Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Materials Near-Net Forming Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Flexible Functional Materials, 050018, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, PR China
| | - Xiaoqi Chen
- Institute of Energy Resources, Hebei Academy of Sciences, 050081, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, PR China
| | - Fen Zhang
- Institute of Energy Resources, Hebei Academy of Sciences, 050081, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, PR China
| | - Haijun Zhou
- Institute of Energy Resources, Hebei Academy of Sciences, 050081, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, PR China
| | - Jijun Xiao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Hebei Engineering Laboratory of Aviation Lightweight Composite Materials and Processing Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Materials Near-Net Forming Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Flexible Functional Materials, 050018, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, PR China
| | - Yantao Li
- Institute of Energy Resources, Hebei Academy of Sciences, 050081, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, PR China.
| | - Xiongwei Qu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, 300130, Tianjin, PR China.
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5
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Santos TMM, Chaves BB, Cerqueira JS, Canario MM, Bresolin D, Pinto JC, Machado RAF, Cabral-Albuquerque ECM, Vieira de Melo SAB. Dispersion Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate in Supercritical CO 2: A Preliminary Evaluation of In Situ Incorporation of Copaiba Oil. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c00652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. M. M. Santos
- Programa de Engenharia Industrial, Escola Politécnica, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40210-630 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - B. B. Chaves
- Programa de Engenharia Industrial, Escola Politécnica, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40210-630 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - J. S. Cerqueira
- Programa de Engenharia Industrial, Escola Politécnica, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40210-630 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - M. M. Canario
- Programa de Engenharia Industrial, Escola Politécnica, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40210-630 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - D. Bresolin
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Santa Catarina, SC, Brazil
| | - J. C. Pinto
- Programa de Engenharia Química, COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-972, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - R. A. F. Machado
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Santa Catarina, SC, Brazil
| | - E. C. M Cabral-Albuquerque
- Programa de Engenharia Industrial, Escola Politécnica, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40210-630 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - S. A. B. Vieira de Melo
- Programa de Engenharia Industrial, Escola Politécnica, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40210-630 Salvador, BA, Brazil
- Centro Interdisciplinar em Energia e Ambiente, Campus Universitário da Federação/Ondina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil
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7
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Lee C, Jeong J, Lee T, Zhang W, Xu L, Choi JE, Park JH, Song JK, Jang S, Eom CY, Shim K, Seong Soo AA, Kang YS, Kwak M, Jeon HJ, Go JS, Suh YD, Jin JO, Paik HJ. Virus-mimetic polymer nanoparticles displaying hemagglutinin as an adjuvant-free influenza vaccine. Biomaterials 2018; 183:234-242. [PMID: 30176403 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The generation of virus-mimetic nanoparticles has received much attention in developing a new vaccine for overcoming the limitations of current vaccines. Thus, a method, encompassing most viral features for their size, hydrophobic domain and antigen display, would represent a meaningful direction for the vaccine development. In the present study, a polymer-templated protein nanoball with direction oriented hemagglutinin1 on its surface (H1-NB) was prepared as a new influenza vaccine, exhibiting most of the viral features. Moreover, the concentrations of antigen on the particle surface were controlled, and its effect on immunogenicity was estimated by in vivo studies. Finally, H1-NB efficiently promoted H1-specific immune activation and cross-protective activities, which consequently prevented H1N1 infections in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaeyeon Lee
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghwa Jeong
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeheon Lee
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Wei Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Li Xu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Ji Eun Choi
- Research Center for Bio-based Chemistry, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Park
- Research Center for Bio-based Chemistry, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kwang Song
- Research Center for Bio-based Chemistry, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Sinae Jang
- Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Seoul, 02481, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi-Yong Eom
- Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Seoul, 02481, Republic of Korea
| | - KyuHwan Shim
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Sungnam, 461-701, Republic of Korea
| | - A An Seong Soo
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Sungnam, 461-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Sun Kang
- Department of Biomedical Science & Technology (DBST), College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Minseok Kwak
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Jin Jeon
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeung Sang Go
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung Doug Suh
- Laboratory for Advanced Molecular Probing (LAMP), Research Center for Convergence Nanotechnology, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea.
| | - Hyun-Jong Paik
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Enhancing immune responses to a DNA vaccine encoding Toxoplasma gondii GRA14 by calcium phosphate nanoparticles as an adjuvant. Immunol Lett 2017; 185:40-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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9
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Functional fluorescent nonporous silica nanoparticles as carriers for Pt(IV) anticancer prodrugs. J Inorg Biochem 2015; 151:132-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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10
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Sokolova V, Westendorf AM, Buer J, Überla K, Epple M. The potential of nanoparticles for the immunization against viral infections. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:4767-4779. [PMID: 32262665 DOI: 10.1039/c5tb00618j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Vaccination has a great impact on the prevention and control of infectious diseases. However, there are still many infectious diseases for which an effective vaccine is missing. Thirty years after the discovery of the AIDS-pathogen (human immunodeficiency virus, HIV) and intensive research, there is still no protective immunity against the HIV infection. Over the past decade, nanoparticulate systems such as virus-like particles, liposomes, polymers and inorganic nanoparticles have received attention as potential delivery vehicles which can be loaded or functionalized with active biomolecules (antigens and adjuvants). Here we compare the properties of different nanoparticulate systems and assess their potential for the development of new vaccines against a range of viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoriya Sokolova
- Inorganic Chemistry and Centre for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 5-7, 45117 Essen, Germany.
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11
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Dimier-Poisson I, Carpentier R, N'Guyen TTL, Dahmani F, Ducournau C, Betbeder D. Porous nanoparticles as delivery system of complex antigens for an effective vaccine against acute and chronic Toxoplasma gondii infection. Biomaterials 2015; 50:164-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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12
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Zhu M, Wang R, Nie G. Applications of nanomaterials as vaccine adjuvants. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2014; 10:2761-74. [PMID: 25483497 PMCID: PMC4977448 DOI: 10.4161/hv.29589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccine adjuvants are applied to amplify the recipient's specific immune responses against pathogen infection or malignancy. A new generation of adjuvants is being developed to meet the demands for more potent antigen-specific responses, specific types of immune responses, and a high margin of safety. Nanotechnology provides a multifunctional stage for the integration of desired adjuvant activities performed by the building blocks of tailor-designed nanoparticles. Using nanomaterials for antigen delivery can provide high bioavailability, sustained and controlled release profiles, and targeting and imaging properties resulting from manipulation of the nanomaterials' physicochemical properties. Moreover, the inherent immune-regulating activity of particular nanomaterials can further promote and shape the cellular and humoral immune responses toward desired types. The combination of both the delivery function and immunomodulatory effect of nanomaterials as adjuvants is thought to largely benefit the immune outcomes of vaccination. In this review, we will address the current achievements of nanotechnology in the development of novel adjuvants. The potential mechanisms by which nanomaterials impact the immune responses to a vaccine and how physicochemical properties, including size, surface charge and surface modification, impact their resulting immunological outcomes will be discussed. This review aims to provide concentrated information to promote new insights for the development of novel vaccine adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motao Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China; Beijing, PR China
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics; Houston Methodist Research Institute; Houston, TX USA
| | - Rongfu Wang
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics; Houston Methodist Research Institute; Houston, TX USA
| | - Guangjun Nie
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China; Beijing, PR China
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Biocompatible anionic polymeric microspheres as priming delivery system for effetive HIV/AIDS Tat-based vaccines. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111360. [PMID: 25356594 PMCID: PMC4214729 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we describe a prime-boost regimen of vaccination in Macaca fascicularis that combines priming with novel anionic microspheres designed to deliver the biologically active HIV-1 Tat protein and boosting with Tat in Alum. This regimen of immunization modulated the IgG subclass profile and elicited a balanced Th1-Th2 type of humoral and cellular responses. Remarkably, following intravenous challenge with SHIV89.6Pcy243, vaccinees significantly blunted acute viremia, as compared to control monkeys, and this control was associated with significantly lower CD4+ T cell depletion rate during the acute phase of infection and higher ability to resume the CD4+ T cell counts in the post-acute and chronic phases of infection. The long lasting control of viremia was associated with the persistence of high titers anti-Tat antibodies whose profile clearly distinguished vaccinees in controllers and viremics. Controllers, as opposed to vaccinated and viremic cynos, exhibited significantly higher pre-challenge antibody responses to peptides spanning the glutamine-rich and the RGD-integrin-binding regions of Tat. Finally, among vaccinees, titers of anti-Tat IgG1, IgG3 and IgG4 subclasses had a significant association with control of viremia in the acute and post-acute phases of infection. Altogether these findings indicate that the Tat/H1D/Alum regimen of immunization holds promise for next generation vaccines with Tat protein or other proteins for which maintenance of the native conformation and activity are critical for optimal immunogenicity. Our results also provide novel information on the role of anti-Tat responses in the prevention of HIV pathogenesis and for the design of new vaccine candidates.
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14
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Clustered epitopes within a new poly-epitopic HIV-1 DNA vaccine shows immunogenicity in BALB/c mice. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:5207-14. [PMID: 24842263 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3388-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Despite a huge number of studies towards vaccine development against human immunodeficiency virus-1, no effective vaccine has been approved yet. Thus, new vaccines should be provided with new formulations. Herein, a new DNA vaccine candidate encoding conserved and immunogenic epitopes from HIV-1 antigens of tat, pol, gag and env is designed and constructed. After bioinformatics analyses to find the best epitopes and their tandem, nucleotide sequence corresponding to the designed multiepitope was synthesized and cloned into pcDNA3.1+ vector. Expression of pcDNA3.1-tat/pol/gag/env plasmid was evaluated in HEK293T cells by RT-PCR and western-blotting. Seven groups of BALB/c mice were intramuscularly immunized three times either with 50, 100, 200 µg of plasmid in 2-week intervals or with similar doses of insert-free plasmid. Two weeks after the last injection, proliferation of T cells and secretion of IL4 and IFN-γ cytokines were evaluated using Brdu and ELISA methods, respectively. Results showed the proper expression of the plasmid in protein and mRNA levels. Moreover, the designed multiepitope plasmid was capable of induction of both proliferation responses as well as IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokine production in a considerable level compared to the control groups. Overall, our primary data warranted further detailed studies on the potency of this vaccine.
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15
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Liu Q, Zhang C, Zheng X, Shao X, Zhang X, Zhang Q, Jiang X. Preparation and evaluation of antigen/N-trimethylaminoethylmethacrylate chitosan conjugates for nasal immunization. Vaccine 2014; 32:2582-90. [PMID: 24681230 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 02/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The frequent outbreak of respiratory infectious diseases such as influenza and pulmonary tuberculosis calls for new immunization strategies with high effectiveness. Nasal immunization is one of the most potential methods to prevent the diseases infected through the respiratory tract. In this study, we designed a water-soluble system based on antigen/N-trimethylaminoethylmethacrylate chitosan conjugates for nasal immunization. N-trimethylaminoethylmethacrylate chitosan (TMC) was synthesized by free radical polymerization of chitosan and N-trimethylaminoethylmethacrylate chloride and identified by (1)H NMR and FT-IR. Thiolated ovalbumin (OVA) was covalently conjugated to maleimide modified TMC with high conjugation efficiency. OVA conjugated TMC (OVA-TMC) significantly increased uptake of OVA by Raw 264.7 cells, which was 2.38 times higher than that of OVA/TMC physical mixture (OVA+TMC) at 4h. After nasal administration, OVA-TMC showed higher transport efficiency to superficial and deep cervical lymph nodes than OVA+TMC or OVA alone. Balb/C mice were intranasally given with OVA-TMC three times at 2-week internals to evaluate the immunological effect. The serum IgG, IgG1 and IgG2a levels of the OVA-TMC group were 17.9-87.9 times higher than that of the OVA+TMC group and comparable to that of the intramuscular group. The secretory IgA levels in nasal wash and saliva of the OVA-TMC group were 5.2-7.1 times higher than that of the OVA+TMC group while the secretory IgA levels of the intramuscular alum-precipitated OVA group were not increased. After immunofluorescence staining of nasal cavity, IgA antibody secreting cells were mainly observed in the lamina propria regions and glands of nasal mucosa. OVA-TMC showed little toxicity to the nasal epithelia or cilia of rats after nasal administration for three consecutive days. These results demonstrated that antigen conjugated TMC can induce both systemic and mucosal immune responses after nasal administration and may serve as a convenient, safe and effective vaccine for preventing respiratory infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, 826 ZhangHeng Rd., Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, 826 ZhangHeng Rd., Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Xiaoyao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, 826 ZhangHeng Rd., Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Xiayan Shao
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, 826 ZhangHeng Rd., Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, 826 ZhangHeng Rd., Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Qizhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, 826 ZhangHeng Rd., Shanghai 201203, PR China.
| | - Xinguo Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, 826 ZhangHeng Rd., Shanghai 201203, PR China
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Prashant CK, Bhat M, Srivastava SK, Saxena A, Kumar M, Singh A, Samim M, Ahmad FJ, Dinda AK. Fabrication of nanoadjuvant with poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) for developing a single-shot vaccine providing prolonged immunity. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:937-50. [PMID: 24611010 PMCID: PMC3928464 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s55892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of the study was to load a model antigen, tetanus toxoid (TT), in poly-ε-caprolactone nanoparticles (PCL NPs) of two size ranges, ie, mean 61.2 nm (small) and 467.6 nm (large), and study its effect on macrophage polarization as well as antigen presentation in human monocyte-derived macrophages in vitro, along with humoral and cell-mediated immune (CMI) response generated in Swiss albino mice following immunization with the TT-loaded NPs. Materials and methods PCL NPs were synthesized by solvent evaporation. The antigen-loaded PCL NPs were characterized for size, zeta potential, and protein-release kinetics. Swiss albino mice were immunized with the antigen-loaded PCL NPs. Flow cytometry was used to quantify interferon-γ- and interleukin-4-secreting cluster of differentiation (CD)4+ and CD8+ T cells in the spleen, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to quantify anti-TT antibody levels in the serum of immunized mice. Results Small PCL NPs generated an M1/M2 type polarization of human blood monocyte-derived macrophages and T helper (Th)1/Th2 polarization of autologous CD4+ T cells. Efficient CD8+ T-cell responses were also elicited. Large PCL NPs failed to cause any type of macrophage polarization. They did not elicit efficient CD8+ T-cell responses. Conclusion TT-loaded small PCL NPs were able to generate persistent and strong CMI and humoral responses against TT 2 months after single injection in mice without booster dose. This biodegradable nanoadjuvant system may help to develop single-shot immunization for prolonged immunity without booster doses. The capability of enhanced CMI response may have high translational potential for immunization against intracellular infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Madhusudan Bhat
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Ankit Saxena
- Department of Transplant Immunology and Immunogenetics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Amar Singh
- Department of Transplant Immunology and Immunogenetics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammed Samim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Farhan Jalees Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Amit Kumar Dinda
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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Wang J, Zhu R, Gao B, Wu B, Li K, Sun X, Liu H, Wang S. The enhanced immune response of hepatitis B virus DNA vaccine using SiO2@LDH nanoparticles as an adjuvant. Biomaterials 2013; 35:466-78. [PMID: 24099705 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.09.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Various approaches have been used to improve systemic immune response to infectious disease or virus, and DNA vaccination has been demonstrated to be one of these effective ways to elicit protective immunity against pathogens. Our previous studies showed that layered double hydroxides (LDH) nanoparticles could be efficiently taken up by the MDDCs and had an adjuvant activity for DC maturation. To further enhance the immune adjuvant activity of LDH, core-shell structure SiO2@LDH nanoparticles were synthesized with an average diameter of about 210 nm. And its high transfection efficiency in vitro was demonstrated by using GFP expression plasmid as model DNA. Exposing SiO2@LDH nanoparticles to macrophages caused a higher dose-dependent expression of IFN-γ, IL-6, CD86 and MHC II, compared with SiO2 and LDH respectively. Furthermore, in vivo immunization of BALB/c mice indicated that, DNA vaccine loaded-SiO2@LDH nanoparticles not only induced much higher serum antibody response than naked DNA vaccine and plain nanoparticles, but also obviously promoted T-cell proliferation and skewed T helper to Th1 polarization. Additionally, it was proved that the caveolae-mediated uptake of SiO2@LDH nanoparticles by macrophage lead to macrophages activation via NF-κB signaling pathway. Our results indicate that SiO2@LDH nanoparticles could serve as a potential non-viral gene delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Tenth People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
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18
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A review of nanotechnological approaches for the prophylaxis of HIV/AIDS. Biomaterials 2013; 34:6202-28. [PMID: 23726227 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Successful treatment and control of HIV/AIDS is one of the biggest challenges of 21st century. More than 33 million individuals are infected with HIV worldwide and more than 2 million new cases of HIV infection have been reported. The situation demands development of effective prevention strategies to control the pandemic of AIDS. Due to lack of availability of an effective HIV vaccine, antiretroviral drugs and nucleic acid therapeutics like siRNA have been explored for HIV prophylaxis. Clinical trials shave shown that antiretroviral drugs, tenofovir and emtricitabine can offer some degree of HIV prevention. However, complete prevention of HIV infection has not been achieved yet. Nanotechnology has brought a paradigm shift in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of many diseases. The current review discusses potential of various nanocarriers such as dendrimers, polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, lipid nanocarriers, drug nanocrystals, inorganic nanocarriers and nanofibers in improving efficacy of various modalities available for HIV prophylaxis.
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19
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Zaman M, Good MF, Toth I. Nanovaccines and their mode of action. Methods 2013; 60:226-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2013.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2012] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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20
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Gregory AE, Titball R, Williamson D. Vaccine delivery using nanoparticles. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2013; 3:13. [PMID: 23532930 PMCID: PMC3607064 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2013.00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 302] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccination has had a major impact on the control of infectious diseases. However, there are still many infectious diseases for which the development of an effective vaccine has been elusive. In many cases the failure to devise vaccines is a consequence of the inability of vaccine candidates to evoke appropriate immune responses. This is especially true where cellular immunity is required for protective immunity and this problem is compounded by the move toward devising sub-unit vaccines. Over the past decade nanoscale size (<1000 nm) materials such as virus-like particles, liposomes, ISCOMs, polymeric, and non-degradable nanospheres have received attention as potential delivery vehicles for vaccine antigens which can both stabilize vaccine antigens and act as adjuvants. Importantly, some of these nanoparticles (NPs) are able to enter antigen-presenting cells by different pathways, thereby modulating the immune response to the antigen. This may be critical for the induction of protective Th1-type immune responses to intracellular pathogens. Their properties also make them suitable for the delivery of antigens at mucosal surfaces and for intradermal administration. In this review we compare the utilities of different NP systems for the delivery of sub-unit vaccines and evaluate the potential of these delivery systems for the development of new vaccines against a range of pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony E Gregory
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter Exeter, UK.
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21
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Polymeric nanogels as vaccine delivery systems. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2013; 9:159-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2012.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2011] [Revised: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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22
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Abstract
Vaccination has had a major impact on the control of infectious diseases. However, there are still many infectious diseases for which the development of an effective vaccine has been elusive. In many cases the failure to devise vaccines is a consequence of the inability of vaccine candidates to evoke appropriate immune responses. This is especially true where cellular immunity is required for protective immunity and this problem is compounded by the move toward devising sub-unit vaccines. Over the past decade nanoscale size (<1000 nm) materials such as virus-like particles, liposomes, ISCOMs, polymeric, and non-degradable nanospheres have received attention as potential delivery vehicles for vaccine antigens which can both stabilize vaccine antigens and act as adjuvants. Importantly, some of these nanoparticles (NPs) are able to enter antigen-presenting cells by different pathways, thereby modulating the immune response to the antigen. This may be critical for the induction of protective Th1-type immune responses to intracellular pathogens. Their properties also make them suitable for the delivery of antigens at mucosal surfaces and for intradermal administration. In this review we compare the utilities of different NP systems for the delivery of sub-unit vaccines and evaluate the potential of these delivery systems for the development of new vaccines against a range of pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony E Gregory
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter Exeter, UK.
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23
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Naahidi S, Jafari M, Edalat F, Raymond K, Khademhosseini A, Chen P. Biocompatibility of engineered nanoparticles for drug delivery. J Control Release 2012; 166:182-94. [PMID: 23262199 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 422] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Revised: 12/06/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The rapid advancement of nanotechnology has raised the possibility of using engineered nanoparticles that interact within biological environments for treatment of diseases. Nanoparticles interacting with cells and the extracellular environment can trigger a sequence of biological effects. These effects largely depend on the dynamic physicochemical characteristics of nanoparticles, which determine the biocompatibility and efficacy of the intended outcomes. Understanding the mechanisms behind these different outcomes will allow prediction of the relationship between nanostructures and their interactions with the biological milieu. At present, almost no standard biocompatibility evaluation criteria have been established, in particular for nanoparticles used in drug delivery systems. Therefore, an appropriate safety guideline of nanoparticles on human health with assessable endpoints is needed. In this review, we discuss the data existing in the literature regarding biocompatibility of nanoparticles for drug delivery applications. We also review the various types of nanoparticles used in drug delivery systems while addressing new challenges and research directions. Presenting the aforementioned information will aid in getting one step closer to formulating compatibility criteria for biological systems under exposure to different nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheva Naahidi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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24
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Gregory A, Williamson E, Prior J, Butcher W, Thompson I, Shaw A, Titball R. Conjugation of Y. pestis F1-antigen to gold nanoparticles improves immunogenicity. Vaccine 2012; 30:6777-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Revised: 08/31/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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25
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Mao S, Guo C, Shi Y, Li LC. Recent advances in polymeric microspheres for parenteral drug delivery--part 2. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2012; 9:1209-23. [PMID: 22924745 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2012.717926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Currently marketed microsphere products are manufactured with the use of organic solvents which have a negative impact on the environment and stability of biological molecules. With recent advances in fabrication technologies, solvent free methods have demonstrated potential for the preparation of microspheres. AREAS COVERED New technical advances recently achieved in solvent based microsphere manufacturing processes have allowed for major improvement in product quality and properties. Novel solvent free fabrication methods combined with newly functionalized biodegradable polymers have been explored for their application in the preparation of microspheres containing biological molecules. EXPERT OPINION Novel fabrication methods for microspheres have been recently reported but technical challenges and development risks remain high for scale up from bench to industrial commercialization. While the applications of microspheres for delivery of proteins, genes and vaccines have shown promise for clinical use, the approval of newly functionalized polymers as carriers may still face scrutiny on safety and biocompatibility, which can be key factors in securing the regulatory approval of the product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirui Mao
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, School of Pharmacy, China
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26
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Bettencourt A, Almeida AJ. Poly(methyl methacrylate) particulate carriers in drug delivery. J Microencapsul 2012; 29:353-67. [PMID: 22251239 DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2011.651500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is one of the most widely explored biomedical materials because of its biocompatibility, and recent publications have shown an increasing interest in its applications as a drug carrier. PMMA-based particulate carriers (PMMA(P)) can be prepared either by polymerization methods or from pre-formed polymer-based techniques. Potential biomedical application of these particles includes their use as adjuvant for vaccines and carrier of many drugs as antibiotics and antioxidants via different routes of administration. Release of drugs from PMMA(P) occurs typically in a biphasic way with an incomplete drug release. To improve release profiles, recent strategies are focusing on increasing polymer hydrophilicity by synthesizing functionalized PMMA microspheres or by formulating PMMA composites with hydrophilic polymers. This review examines the current status of preparation techniques, drug release kinetics, biomedical applications and toxicity of these nano/micro PMMA-based particulate carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Bettencourt
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences-iMed.UL, University of Lisbon , Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal.
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27
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Babiuch K, Gottschaldt M, Werz O, Schubert US. Particulate transepithelial drug carriers: barriers and functional polymers. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra20726e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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28
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An overview on the field of micro- and nanotechnologies for synthetic Peptide-based vaccines. JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY 2011; 2011:181646. [PMID: 21773041 PMCID: PMC3134826 DOI: 10.1155/2011/181646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2010] [Accepted: 04/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The development of synthetic peptide-based vaccines has many advantages in comparison with vaccines based on live attenuated organisms, inactivated or killed organism, or toxins. Peptide-based vaccines cannot revert to a virulent form, allow a better conservation, and are produced more easily and safely. However, they generate a weaker immune response than other vaccines, and the inclusion of adjuvants and/or the use of vaccine delivery systems is almost always needed. Among vaccine delivery systems, micro- and nanoparticulated ones are attractive, because their particulate nature can increase cross-presentation of the peptide. In addition, they can be passively or actively targeted to antigen presenting cells. Furthermore, particulate adjuvants are able to directly activate innate immune system in vivo. Here, we summarize micro- and nanoparticulated vaccine delivery systems used in the field of synthetic peptide-based vaccines as well as strategies to increase their immunogenicity.
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Li X, Sloat BR, Yanasarn N, Cui Z. Relationship between the size of nanoparticles and their adjuvant activity: data from a study with an improved experimental design. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2010; 78:107-16. [PMID: 21182941 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2010.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2010] [Revised: 12/07/2010] [Accepted: 12/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing interest in identifying the relationship between the size of nanoparticles and their adjuvant activity, but the results from recent studies remain controversial. To address the controversy, it was thought that one should pay attention to the nanoparticle formulations to make sure that the antigen-loaded nanoparticles to be compared are not only different in particle size, but more importantly, as identical to each other as possible in all other formulation properties. In the present study, using ovalbumin (OVA) as a model antigen conjugated onto nanoparticles engineered from lecithin/glyceryl monostearate-in-water emulsions, we prepared OVA-nanoparticles of 230 nm and 708 nm. Before evaluating the immune responses induced by them in a mouse model, we made sure that: (i) the sizes of the two OVA-nanoparticles did not extensively overlap, (ii) the nanoparticles have similar zeta potentials and comparable antigen-loading, and (iii) the nanoparticles did not aggregate when suspended in simulated biological media. We then showed that when subcutaneously injected into mice, the 230 nm OVA-conjugated nanoparticles induced stronger OVA-specific antibody and cellular immune responses than the 708 nm OVA-nanoparticles. Future studies attempting to correlate the size of nanoparticles and their adjuvant activities need to consider formulation parameters to ensure that the particles are different only in size and are stable before and after injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Li
- The University of Texas at Austin, College of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutics Division, Austin, TX 78723, USA
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30
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Arias MA, Loxley A, Eatmon C, Van Roey G, Fairhurst D, Mitchnick M, Dash P, Cole T, Wegmann F, Sattentau Q, Shattock R. Carnauba wax nanoparticles enhance strong systemic and mucosal cellular and humoral immune responses to HIV-gp140 antigen. Vaccine 2010; 29:1258-69. [PMID: 21145913 PMCID: PMC3098439 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.11.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2010] [Revised: 10/21/2010] [Accepted: 11/24/2010] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Induction of humoral responses to HIV at mucosal compartments without inflammation is important for vaccine design. We developed charged wax nanoparticles that efficiently adsorb protein antigens and are internalized by DC in the absence of inflammation. HIV-gp140-adsorbed nanoparticles induced stronger in vitro T-cell proliferation responses than antigen alone. Such responses were greatly enhanced when antigen was co-adsorbed with TLR ligands. Immunogenicity studies in mice showed that intradermal vaccination with HIV-gp140 antigen-adsorbed nanoparticles induced high levels of specific IgG. Importantly, intranasal immunization with HIV-gp140-adsorbed nanoparticles greatly enhanced serum and vaginal IgG and IgA responses. Our results show that HIV-gp140-carrying wax nanoparticles can induce strong cellular/humoral immune responses without inflammation and may be of potential use as effective mucosal adjuvants for HIV vaccine candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio A Arias
- Division of Clinical Sciences, St. George's University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK.
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Sloat BR, Sandoval MA, Hau AM, He Y, Cui Z. Strong antibody responses induced by protein antigens conjugated onto the surface of lecithin-based nanoparticles. J Control Release 2009; 141:93-100. [PMID: 19729045 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2009.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2009] [Revised: 08/04/2009] [Accepted: 08/23/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
An accumulation of research over the years has demonstrated the utility of nanoparticles as antigen carriers with adjuvant activity. Herein we defined the adjuvanticity of a novel lecithin-based nanoparticle engineered from emulsions. The nanoparticles were spheres of around 200nm. Model protein antigens, bovine serum albumin (BSA) or Bacillus anthracis protective antigen (PA) protein, were covalently conjugated onto the nanoparticles. Mice immunized with the BSA-conjugated nanoparticles developed strong anti-BSA antibody responses comparable to that induced by BSA adjuvanted with incomplete Freund's adjuvant and 6.5-fold stronger than that induced by BSA adsorbed onto aluminum hydroxide. Immunization of mice with the PA-conjugated nanoparticles elicited a quick, strong, and durable anti-PA antibody response that afforded protection of the mice against a lethal dose of anthrax lethal toxin challenge. The potent adjuvanticity of the nanoparticles was likely due to their ability to move the antigens into local draining lymph nodes, to enhance the uptake of the antigens by antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and to activate APCs. This novel nanoparticle system has the potential to serve as a universal protein-based vaccine carrier capable of inducing strong immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian R Sloat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States
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