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Lamela-Gómez I, Gonçalves LM, Almeida AJ, Luzardo-Álvarez A. Infliximab microencapsulation: an innovative approach for intra-articular administration of biologics in the management of rheumatoid arthritis-in vitro evaluation. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023; 13:3030-3058. [PMID: 37294425 PMCID: PMC10624745 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01372-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microencapsulation of the therapeutical monoclonal antibody infliximab (INF) was investigated as an innovative approach to improve its stability and to achieve formulations with convenient features for intra-articular administration. Ultrasonic atomization (UA), a novel alternative to microencapsulate labile drugs, was compared with the conventional emulsion/evaporation method (Em/Ev) using biodegradable polymers, specifically Polyactive® 1000PEOT70PBT30 [poly(ethylene-oxide-terephthalate)/poly(butylene-terephthalate); PEOT-PBT] and its polymeric blends with poly-(D, L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) RG502 and RG503 (PEOT-PBT:PLGA; 65:35). Six different formulations of spherical core-shell microcapsules were successfully developed and characterized. The UA method achieved a significantly higher encapsulation efficiency (69.7-80.25%) than Em/Ev (17.3-23.0%). Mean particle size, strongly determined by the microencapsulation method and to a lesser extent by polymeric composition, ranged from 26.6 to 49.9 µm for UA and 1.5-2.1 µm for Em/Ev. All formulations demonstrated sustained INF release in vitro for up to 24 days, with release rates modulated by polymeric composition and microencapsulation technique. Both methods preserved INF biological activity, with microencapsulated INF showing higher efficacy than commercial formulations at comparable doses regarding bioactive tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) neutralization according to WEHI-13VAR bioassay. Microparticles' biocompatibility and extensive internalization by THP-1-derived macrophages was demonstrated. Furthermore, high in vitro anti-inflammatory activity was achieved after treatment of THP-1 cells with INF-loaded microcapsules, significatively reducing in vitro production of TNF-α and interleucine-6 (Il-6).
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Lamela-Gómez
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Terra, 27002, Lugo, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Lídia M Gonçalves
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - António J Almeida
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Asteria Luzardo-Álvarez
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Terra, 27002, Lugo, Spain.
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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2
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Coelho MP, Duarte P, Calado M, Almeida AJ, Reis CP, Gaspar MM. The current role of cannabis and cannabinoids in health: A comprehensive review of their therapeutic potential. Life Sci 2023; 329:121838. [PMID: 37290668 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
There has been an increased interest of the scientific community in cannabis and its constituents for therapeutic purposes. Although it is believed that cannabinoids can be effective for a few different conditions and syndromes, there are little objective data that clearly support the use of cannabis, cannabis extracts or even cannabidiol (CBD) oil. This review aims to explore the therapeutic potential of phytocannabinoids and synthetic cannabinoids for the treatment of several diseases. A broad search covering the past five years, was performed in PubMed and ClinicalTrial.gov databases, to identify papers focusing on the use of medical phytocannabinoids in terms of tolerability, efficacy and safety. Accordingly, there are preclinical data supporting the use of phytocannabinoids and synthetic cannabinoids for the management of neurological pathologies, acute and chronical pain, cancer, psychiatric disorders and chemotherapy-induced emetic symptoms. However, regarding the clinical trials, most of the collected data do not fully support the use of cannabinoids in the treatment of such conditions. Consequently, more studies are still needed to clarify ascertain if the use of these compounds is useful in the management of different pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Pinto Coelho
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Duarte
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marta Calado
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - António J Almeida
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Catarina Pinto Reis
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; IBEB, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - M Manuela Gaspar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
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Nerli G, Gonçalves LMD, Cirri M, Almeida AJ, Maestrelli F, Mennini N, Mura PA. Design, Evaluation and Comparison of Nanostructured Lipid Carriers and Chitosan Nanoparticles as Carriers of Poorly Soluble Drugs to Develop Oral Liquid Formulations Suitable for Pediatric Use. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041305. [PMID: 37111790 PMCID: PMC10146291 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a serious need of pediatric drug formulations, whose lack causes the frequent use of extemporaneous preparations obtained from adult dosage forms, with consequent safety and quality risks. Oral solutions are the best choice for pediatric patients, due to administration ease and dosage-adaptability, but their development is challenging, particularly for poorly soluble drugs. In this work, chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) were developed and evaluated as potential nanocarriers for preparing oral pediatric solutions of cefixime (poorly soluble model drug). The selected CSNPs and NLCs showed a size around 390 nm, Zeta-potential > 30 mV, and comparable entrapment efficiency (31-36%), but CSNPs had higher loading efficiency (5.2 vs. 1.4%). CSNPs maintained an almost unchanged size, homogeneity, and Zeta-potential during storage, while NLCs exhibited a marked progressive Zeta-potential decrease. Drug release from CSNPs formulations (differently from NLCs) was poorly affected by gastric pH variations, and gave rise to a more reproducible and controlled profile. This was related to their behavior in simulated gastric conditions, where CSNPs were stable, while NLCs suffered a rapid size increase, up to micrometric dimensions. Cytotoxicity studies confirmed CSNPs as the best nanocarrier, proving their complete biocompatibility, while NLCs formulations needed 1:1 dilution to obtain acceptable cell viability values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Nerli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Lídia M D Gonçalves
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marzia Cirri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - António J Almeida
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Francesca Maestrelli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Natascia Mennini
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Paola A Mura
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
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Leandro P, Lino PR, Lopes R, Leandro J, Amaro MP, Sousa P, Vicente JB, Almeida AJ. Isothermal denaturation fluorimetry vs Differential scanning fluorimetry as tools for screening of stabilizers for protein freeze-drying: human phenylalanine hydroxylase as the case study. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 187:1-11. [PMID: 37011788 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
The structural maintenance of therapeutic proteins during formulation and/or storage is a critical aspect, particularly for multi-domain and/or multimeric proteins which usually exhibit intrinsic structural dynamics leading to aggregation with concomitant loss-of-function. Protein freeze-drying is a widely used technique to preserve protein structure and function during storage. To minimize chemical/physical stresses occurring during this process, protein stabilizers are usually included, their effect being strongly dependent on the target protein. Therefore, they should be screened for on a time-consuming case-by-case basis. Herein, differential scanning fluorimetry (DSF) and isothermal denaturation fluorimetry (ITDF) were employed to screen, among different classes of freeze-drying additives, for the most effective stabilizer of the model protein human phenylalanine hydroxylase (hPAH). Correlation studies among retrieved DSF and ITDF parameters with recovered enzyme amount and activity indicated ITDF as the most appropriate screening method. Biochemical and biophysical characterization of hPAH freeze-dried with ITDF-selected stabilizers and a long-term storage study (12 months, 5 ± 3 °C) showed that the selected compounds prevented protein aggregation and preserved hPAH structural and functional properties throughout time storage. Our results provide a solid basis towards the choice of ITDF as a high-throughput screening step for the identification of protein freeze-drying protectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Leandro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Paulo R Lino
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Raquel Lopes
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Leandro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mariana P Amaro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Paulo Sousa
- Sofarimex, Indústria Química e Farmacêutica SA, Av. das Indústrias, Alto de Colaride, 2735-521 Agualva, Portugal
| | - João B Vicente
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - António J Almeida
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
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Dias HVR, Almeida AJ, Maia-Júnior JA, Ribeiro RR, Torres-Cordido KAA, Godinho ABFR, Silveira LS. Monitoring the feeding and parental care behavior of a pair of free-living owls (Tyto furcata) in the nest during the reproductive period in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 84:e249169. [PMID: 34730687 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.249169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The American Barn Owl (Tyto furcata) lives in urban, periurban and wild environments and feeds mainly on small rodents, meaning it has great importance in the biological control of pests. The aim of this work was to describe the reproductive, parental and eating habits of a pair of American barn owls naturally living outside a residence in the urban area of the municipality of Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. A wood box was installed on an outside wall of the home, monitored by a video camera. A spreadsheet was created to keep track of the observations recorded. The female laid four eggs, and after an incubation period of 30-32 days all the eggs hatched, but only two chicks survived after cannibalism among the chicks. Initially, the male provided the food to the chicks and the female remained in the nest caring for the brood. After approximately a month, the female also began to leave the nest and return with prey, which was offered to the chicks, with the male also continuing this behavior. The chicks left the nest in September, 2017. The data obtained show the existence of cooperation and division of tasks between male and female owls during the reproductive period.
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Affiliation(s)
- H V R Dias
- Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brasil
| | - A J Almeida
- Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brasil
| | - J A Maia-Júnior
- Prefeitura Municipal de Macaé, Coordenadoria Especial de Promoção a Saúde Animal e Controle de Zoonoses, Macaé, RJ, Brasil
| | - R R Ribeiro
- Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brasil
| | - K A A Torres-Cordido
- Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brasil
| | - A B F R Godinho
- Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brasil
| | - L S Silveira
- Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brasil
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6
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Lino PR, Leandro J, Figueiredo L, Amaro MP, Gonçalves LMD, Leandro P, Almeida AJ. Systematic Modification and Evaluation of Enzyme-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157987. [PMID: 34360752 PMCID: PMC8348744 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymeric-based nano drug delivery systems have been widely exploited to overcome protein instability during formulation. Presently, a diverse range of polymeric agents can be used, among which polysaccharides, such as chitosan (CS), hyaluronic acid (HA) and cyclodextrins (CDs), are included. Due to its unique biological and physicochemical properties, CS is one of the most used polysaccharides for development of protein delivery systems. However, CS has been described as potentially immunogenic. By envisaging a biosafe cytocompatible and haemocompatible profile, this paper reports the systematic development of a delivery system based on CS and derived with HA and CDs to nanoencapsulate the model human phenylalanine hydroxylase (hPAH) through ionotropic gelation with tripolyphosphate (TPP), while maintaining protein stability and enzyme activity. By merging the combined set of biopolymers, we were able to effectively entrap hPAH within CS nanoparticles with improvements in hPAH stability and the maintenance of functional activity, while simultaneously achieving strict control of the formulation process. Detailed characterization of the developed nanoparticulate systems showed that the lead formulations were internalized by hepatocytes (HepG2 cell line), did not reveal cell toxicity and presented a safe haemocompatible profile.
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Silva S, Almeida AJ, Vale N. Importance of Nanoparticles for the Delivery of Antiparkinsonian Drugs. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:508. [PMID: 33917696 PMCID: PMC8068059 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) affects around ten million people worldwide and is considered the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease. In addition, there is a higher risk incidence in the elderly population. The main PD hallmarks include the loss of dopaminergic neurons and the development of Lewy bodies. Unfortunately, motor symptoms only start to appear when around 50-70% of dopaminergic neurons have already been lost. This particularly poses a huge challenge for early diagnosis and therapeutic effectiveness. Actually, pharmaceutical therapy is able to relief motor symptoms, but as the disease progresses motor complications and severe side-effects start to appear. In this review, we explore the research conducted so far in order to repurpose drugs for PD with the use of nanodelivery systems, alternative administration routes, and nanotheranostics. Overall, studies have demonstrated great potential for these nanosystems to target the brain, improve drug pharmacokinetic profile, and decrease side-effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Silva
- OncoPharma Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal;
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - António J. Almeida
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Nuno Vale
- OncoPharma Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
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Lino PR, Leandro J, Amaro M, Gonçalves LMD, Leandro P, Almeida AJ. In Silico and In Vitro Tailoring of a Chitosan Nanoformulation of a Human Metabolic Enzyme. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13030329. [PMID: 33806405 PMCID: PMC8000282 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13030329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Enzyme nanoencapsulation holds an enormous potential to develop new therapeutic approaches to a large set of human pathologies including cancer, infectious diseases and inherited metabolic disorders. However, enzyme formulation has been limited by the need to maintain the catalytic function, which is governed by protein conformation. Herein we report the rational design of a delivery system based on chitosan for effective encapsulation of a functionally and structurally complex human metabolic enzyme through ionic gelation with tripolyphosphate. The rationale was to use a mild methodology to entrap the multimeric multidomain 200 kDa human phenylalanine hydroxylase (hPAH) in a polyol-like matrix that would allow an efficient maintenance of protein structure and function, avoiding formulation stress conditions. Through an in silico and in vitro based development, the particulate system was optimized with modulation of nanomaterials protonation status, polymer, counterion and protein ratios, taking into account particle size, polydispersity index, surface charge, particle yield production, protein free energy of folding, electrostatic surface potential, charge, encapsulation efficiency, loading capacity and transmission electron microscopy morphology. Evaluation of the thermal stability, substrate binding profile, relative enzymatic activity, and substrate activation ratio of the encapsulated hPAH suggests that the formulation procedure does not affect protein stability, allowing an effective maintenance of hPAH biological function. Hence, this study provides an important framework for an enzyme formulation process.
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Fernández M, Holgado MÁ, Cayero-Otero MD, Pineda T, Yepes LM, Gaspar DP, Almeida AJ, Robledo SM, Martín-Banderas L. Improved antileishmanial activity and cytotoxicity of a novel nanotherapy for N-iodomethyl-N,N-dimethyl-N-(6,6-diphenylhex-5-en-1-yl)ammonium iodide. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Islan GA, Gonçalves LMD, Marto J, Duarte A, Alvarez VA, Castro GR, Almeida AJ. Effect of α-tocopherol on the physicochemical, antioxidant and antibacterial properties of levofloxacin loaded hybrid lipid nanocarriers. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj03781h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Non-toxic hybrid lipidic nanoparticles become a promising tool for enhanced lung delivery of levofloxacin in combination with antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germán A. Islan
- Laboratorio de Nanobiomateriales
- CINDEFI
- Departamento de Química
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) – CONICET (CCT La Plata)
| | - Lídia M. D. Gonçalves
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa)
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1649-003 Lisbon
- Portugal
| | - Joana Marto
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa)
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1649-003 Lisbon
- Portugal
| | - Aida Duarte
- Laboratory of Microbiology
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1649-003 Lisbon
- Portugal
| | - Vera A. Alvarez
- Grupo de Materiales Compuestos de Matriz Polimérica (CoMP)
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (INTEMA)
- Facultad de Ingeniería
- Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMDP) – CONICET
- Buenos Aires
| | - Guillermo R. Castro
- Laboratorio de Nanobiomateriales
- CINDEFI
- Departamento de Química
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) – CONICET (CCT La Plata)
| | - António J. Almeida
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa)
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1649-003 Lisbon
- Portugal
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11
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Rouco H, Diaz-Rodriguez P, Gaspar DP, Gonçalves LMD, Cuerva M, Remuñán-López C, Almeida AJ, Landin M. Rifabutin-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers as a Tool in Oral Anti-Mycobacterial Treatment of Crohn's Disease. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:E2138. [PMID: 33121030 PMCID: PMC7692220 DOI: 10.3390/nano10112138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Oral anti-mycobacterial treatment of Crohn's disease (CD) is limited by the low aqueous solubility of drugs, along with the altered gut conditions of patients, making uncommon their clinical use. Hence, the aim of the present work is focused on the in vitro evaluation of rifabutin (RFB)-loaded Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC), in order to solve limitations associated to this therapeutic approach. RFB-loaded NLC were prepared by hot homogenization and characterized in terms of size, polydispersity, surface charge, morphology, thermal stability, and drug payload and release. Permeability across Caco-2 cell monolayers and cytotoxicity and uptake in human macrophages was also determined. NLC obtained were nano-sized, monodisperse, negatively charged, and spheroidal-shaped, showing a suitable drug payload and thermal stability. Furthermore, the permeability profile, macrophage uptake and selective intracellular release of RFB-loaded NLC, guarantee an effective drug dose administration to cells. Outcomes suggest that rifabutin-loaded NLC constitute a promising strategy to improve oral anti-mycobacterial therapy in Crohn's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Rouco
- R+D Pharma Group (GI-1645), Strategic Grouping in Materials (AEMAT), Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela-Campus Vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Patricia Diaz-Rodriguez
- Drug Delivery Systems Group, Department of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Sciences, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Campus de Anchieta, 38200 La Laguna (Tenerife), Spain;
| | - Diana P. Gaspar
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (D.P.G.); (L.M.D.G.); (A.J.A.)
| | - Lídia M. D. Gonçalves
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (D.P.G.); (L.M.D.G.); (A.J.A.)
| | - Miguel Cuerva
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Nanomag laboratory, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela-Campus Vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Carmen Remuñán-López
- Nanobiofar Group (GI-1643), Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela-Campus Vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - António J. Almeida
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (D.P.G.); (L.M.D.G.); (A.J.A.)
| | - Mariana Landin
- R+D Pharma Group (GI-1645), Strategic Grouping in Materials (AEMAT), Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela-Campus Vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
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Martins De Carvalho M, Mendes De Oliveira D, Alves Pinto R, Proenca T, Resende CX, Diogo P, Torres S, Nunes A, Araujo P, Freitas Silva M, Dias P, Almeida J, Macedo F, Almeida AJ, Maciel MJ. P1310 Prosthetic valve endocarditis or thrombus? Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez319.754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
One cause of constitutional syndrome in patients previously submitted to valve replacement surgery is a prosthetic endocarditis; this occurs in 1-6% of valve surgeries and has an adverse prognosis. Although this is a likely etiology, it is important to keep other possibilities in mind. This clinical case is about a 61 years old male, with known history of smoking, atrial fibrillation anticoagulated with warfarin (with low TTR), and rheumatic fever in childhood, with severe aortic stenosis/regurgitation and moderate mitral regurgitation. In August 2018 he was admitted in our hospital with mitral valve endocarditis cause by Streptococcus agalactiae. He was submitted to an aortic and mitral valve replacement surgery with 2 bioprothesis. Three months later he was admitted again with weight loss, fatigue, dyspnea for small efforts and worsening anemia. The first diagnosis hypothesis was prosthetic endocarditis. The echocardiogram showed normo-functioning aortic bioprothesis; obstructive mitral bioprothesis with an image suggestive of a vegetation; and a de novo mass in the left auricle, compatible with a thrombus. This clinical case was discussed in Heart Team: as the patient was clinically stable, it was opted for an initial conservative approach; although there was a strong clinical suspicion that all the clinical case was due to thrombotic manifestations (assuming that the vegetations had a non-infectious origin), he was nonetheless medicated with vancomycin, gentamicin and rifampicin, as the diagnosis of early culture negative prosthetic endocarditis could not be discarded. He was anticoagulated with enoxaparin. In the reevaluation echocardiogram there was a significative reduction of the left atrial thrombus and disappearance of the mitral valve vegetation image, with improvement of the mitral valve prosthetic gradients. The case was discussed again in Heart Team: due to the clinical evolution, the hypothesis that this was all caused by a thrombotic manifestation grew stronger; it was opted not to submit the patient to a new surgery and the antibiotic therapy was suspended. To study the pro-thrombotic state and the constitutional syndrome, a full body CT was requested: "hilar-mediastinal and bilateral hilar adenopathy; right supraclavicular adenopathy; splenomegaly with infarcted area." The right hilar adenopathy was biopsied; the pathologic exam revealed non-small cells lung carcinoma. The patient was discharged, medicated with warfarin and oriented to outpatient Oncology consult. Any cancer can be associated with thrombotic manifestations. In this case, considering the heavy smoking burden, lung cancer is one of the first etiologies to consider. The thrombotic manifestations of the non-small cells lung carcinoma are due to a paraneoplastic mechanism and might precede the cancer diagnosis. This clinical case highlights the importance of thinking of different etiologies in the differential diagnosis of a constitutional syndrome.
Abstract P1310 Figure. Left auricle mass
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - P Diogo
- Sao Joao Hospital, Porto, Portugal
| | - S Torres
- Sao Joao Hospital, Porto, Portugal
| | - A Nunes
- Sao Joao Hospital, Porto, Portugal
| | - P Araujo
- Sao Joao Hospital, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - P Dias
- Sao Joao Hospital, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - F Macedo
- Sao Joao Hospital, Porto, Portugal
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13
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Cadete A, Olivera A, Besev M, Dhal PK, Gonçalves L, Almeida AJ, Bastiat G, Benoit JP, de la Fuente M, Garcia-Fuentes M, Alonso MJ, Torres D. Self-assembled hyaluronan nanocapsules for the intracellular delivery of anticancer drugs. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11565. [PMID: 31399627 PMCID: PMC6689112 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47995-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Preparation of sophisticated delivery systems for nanomedicine applications generally involve multi-step procedures using organic solvents. In this study, we have developed a simple self-assembling process to prepare docetaxel-loaded hyaluronic acid (HA) nanocapsules by using a self-emulsification process without the need of organic solvents, heat or high shear forces. These nanocapsules, which comprise an oily core and a shell consisting of an assembly of surfactants and hydrophobically modified HA, have a mean size of 130 nm, a zeta potential of -20 mV, and exhibit high docetaxel encapsulation efficiency. The nanocapsules exhibited an adequate stability in plasma. Furthermore, in vitro studies performed using A549 lung cancer cells, showed effective intracellular delivery of docetaxel. On the other hand, blank nanocapsules showed very low cytotoxicity. Overall, these results highlight the potential of self-emulsifying HA nanocapsules for intracellular drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cadete
- Nanobiofar Group, IDIS, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana Olivera
- Nanobiofar Group, IDIS, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | | | - Lídia Gonçalves
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - António J Almeida
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Guillaume Bastiat
- Micro et Nanomedecines Translationnelles, MINT, Université Angers, INSERM 1066, CNRS 6021, 4 rue Larrey, Angers, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Benoit
- Micro et Nanomedecines Translationnelles, MINT, Université Angers, INSERM 1066, CNRS 6021, 4 rue Larrey, Angers, France
| | - María de la Fuente
- Nano-Oncology Unit, Translational Medical Oncology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Cancer Network Research (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcos Garcia-Fuentes
- Nanobiofar Group, IDIS, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María José Alonso
- Nanobiofar Group, IDIS, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Dolores Torres
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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Gaspar DP, Vital J, Leiva MC, Gonçalves LM, Taboada P, Remuñán-López C, Vítor J, Almeida AJ. Transfection of pulmonary cells by stable pDNA-polycationic hybrid nanostructured particles. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2019; 14:407-429. [PMID: 30698066 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Cationically modified solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) were investigated as plasmid DNA (pDNA) carriers and transfection agents for the pulmonary route. MATERIALS & METHODS pDNA-loaded SLN were produced using glyceryl dibehenate or tristearate as matrix lipids and chitosan as surface charge modifier, and encapsulated by spray-drying in mannitol and trehalose microspheres. RESULTS Nanoparticles of 200 nm, and zeta potential around +15 mV were produced. Electrophorectic analysis confirmed plasmid stability and integrity. The pDNA-loaded SLN were able to transfect the Calu-3 and A549 pulmonary cell lines, while showing low cytotoxicity. Microencapsulation of SLN yielded dry powders suitable for inhalation that protected pDNA from degradation. CONCLUSION Microencapsulated SLN are a promising safe and effective carrier system for pulmonary gene delivery following pulmonary administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana P Gaspar
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal.,Nanobiofar Group, Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - María C Leiva
- Institute of Biopatology & Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), 18071 Granada, Spain.,Department of Anatomy & Embryology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.,Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), SAS - University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Lídia Md Gonçalves
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Pablo Taboada
- Colloids & Polymers Physics Group, Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carmen Remuñán-López
- Nanobiofar Group, Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jorge Vítor
- Department of Biochemistry & Human Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - António J Almeida
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
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15
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Silva CO, Pinho JO, Lopes JM, Almeida AJ, Gaspar MM, Reis C. Current Trends in Cancer Nanotheranostics: Metallic, Polymeric, and Lipid-Based Systems. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E22. [PMID: 30625999 PMCID: PMC6359642 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Theranostics has emerged in recent years to provide an efficient and safer alternative in cancer management. This review presents an updated description of nanotheranostic formulations under development for skin cancer (including melanoma), head and neck, thyroid, breast, gynecologic, prostate, and colon cancers, brain-related cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma. With this focus, we appraised the clinical advantages and drawbacks of metallic, polymeric, and lipid-based nanosystems, such as low invasiveness, low toxicity to the surrounding healthy tissues, high precision, deeper tissue penetration, and dosage adjustment in a real-time setting. Particularly recognizing the increased complexity and multimodality in this area, multifunctional hybrid nanoparticles, comprising different nanomaterials and functionalized with targeting moieties and/or anticancer drugs, present the best characteristics for theranostics. Several examples, focusing on their design, composition, imaging and treatment modalities, and in vitro and in vivo characterization, are detailed herein. Briefly, all studies followed a common trend in the design of these theranostics modalities, such as the use of materials and/or drugs that share both inherent imaging (e.g., contrast agents) and therapeutic properties (e.g., heating or production reactive oxygen species). This rationale allows one to apparently overcome the heterogeneity, complexity, and harsh conditions of tumor microenvironments, leading to the development of successful targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Oliveira Silva
- iMedUlisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Jacinta Oliveira Pinho
- iMedUlisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Joana Margarida Lopes
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - António J Almeida
- iMedUlisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Maria Manuela Gaspar
- iMedUlisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Catarina Reis
- iMedUlisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
- IBEB, Faculty of Sciences, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
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16
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Woischnig AK, Gonçalves LM, Ferreira M, Kuehl R, Kikhney J, Moter A, Ribeiro IAC, Almeida AJ, Khanna N, Bettencourt AF. Acrylic microparticles increase daptomycin intracellular and in vivo anti-biofilm activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Int J Pharm 2018; 550:372-379. [PMID: 30153487 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Daptomycin (DAP) is a cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic with potential clinical application in orthopedic infections caused by staphylococci. However, it failed to eradicate Staphylococcus aureus in vitro, in intracellular infection studies, as well as in vivo in an experimental model of implant-associated biofilm infections. In this study, the antimicrobial effect of DAP encapsulated in poly(methyl methacrylate)-Eudragit (PMMA-EUD) microparticles (DAP-MPs) on intracellular S. aureus was evaluated in human osteoblast cells using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis. Encapsulated DAP was able to reduce the amount of intracellular S. aureus by 73% compared to blank microparticles (MPs). Then, the advantage of treating with DAP-MPs versus free DAP was evaluated in a murine model of implant-associated biofilm infection. Free DAP showed a >3 log10 decrease in planktonic and adherent bacteria but failed to eradicate adherent methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), whereas DAP-MPs showed a clearance of planktonic MRSA, significantly reduced adherent MRSA by more than 3 log10 and cured the infection in 60%. This was linked to the prolonged higher DAP concentration within the tissue cage fluid compared to free DAP. To our knowledge, this study provides the first evidence for the high intracellular and in vivo anti-biofilm efficacy of DAP-MPs to target staphylococcal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Kathrin Woischnig
- Laboratory of Infection Biology, Department of Biomedicine, University and University Hospital Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lidia M Gonçalves
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; Cardiovascular Centre of the University of Lisbon, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Av Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maxime Ferreira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Richard Kuehl
- Laboratory of Infection Biology, Department of Biomedicine, University and University Hospital Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital of Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Judith Kikhney
- Biofilmcenter, Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany; Institute for Microbiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Annette Moter
- Biofilmcenter, Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany; Institute for Microbiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Isabel A C Ribeiro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - António J Almeida
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nina Khanna
- Laboratory of Infection Biology, Department of Biomedicine, University and University Hospital Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital of Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ana Francisca Bettencourt
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
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Abstract
Pharmaceutical research has been focussed on developing improved delivery systems while exploring new ways of using approved excipients. The present work investigated the potential of starch nanocapsules (StNC) as a topical delivery platform for hydrophilic antimicrobial drugs using minocycline hydrochloride (MH) as a model drug. Thus, a quality by design approach was used to assess the role of different factors that affect the main pharmaceutical properties of StNC prepared using an emulsification-solvent evaporation method. Full characterisation was performed in terms of particle size, encapsulation efficiency, morphology and physical stability at 5 ± 3 °C. Results show the surfactant and lipid contents play a major role in StNC particle size distribution. The MH loading only promoted minor changes upon StNC properties. Formulations were stable without variations on physicochemical properties. All tested formulations presented a zeta-potential of +33.6 ± 6.7 mV, indicating a good physical stability and evidencing that StNC are suitable nanocarriers for topical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Marto
- a Faculty of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa) , Universidade de Lisboa , Lisboa , Portugal
| | - L F Gouveia
- a Faculty of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa) , Universidade de Lisboa , Lisboa , Portugal
| | - L M D Gonçalves
- a Faculty of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa) , Universidade de Lisboa , Lisboa , Portugal
| | - H M Ribeiro
- a Faculty of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa) , Universidade de Lisboa , Lisboa , Portugal
| | - A J Almeida
- a Faculty of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa) , Universidade de Lisboa , Lisboa , Portugal
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18
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Salvio AL, Lopes AO, Almeida AJ, Gardinali NR, Lima LRP, de Oliveira JM, Sion FS, Ribeiro LCP, Pinto MA, de Paula VS. Detection and quantification of hepatitis E virus in the absence of IgG and IgM anti-HEV in HIV-positive patients. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 125:1208-1215. [PMID: 29920871 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To improve RT-qPCR with an internal control and a synthetic standard curve to detect HEV in HIV co-infected patients. METHODS AND RESULTS A single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) and a double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) synthetic curve were designed, compared to the international reference panel for HEV genotypes, and tested to quantify and detect a reference panel for HEV genotypes. The detection limit of the RNA synthetic curve (50 copies per ml) was better than the DNA synthetic curve (100 copies per ml) and the WHO standard curve (250 copies per ml). Then, 280 serum samples from HIV-positive patients were tested for HEV RNA, which was detected in 3·6% of serum samples. The viral load ranged from 2 × 102 copies per ml to 4·78 × 108 copies per ml. HEV IgM/IgG antibodies were not detected in the RNA-positive patients. Sequencing analysis of HEV showed that the virus belongs to genotype 3 (HEV GT3). CONCLUSIONS Real-time PCR was a useful tool to estimate co-infection with HEV/HIV, even in patients with low viral loads and undetectable anti-HEV IgG and IgM antibodies. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Hepatitis E virus genotype 3 (HEV GT3) has been associated with silent chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis in HIV-positive subjects worldwide, but there is a lack of data on this co-infection in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Salvio
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A O Lopes
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A J Almeida
- Hematology Department, Gaffrée & Guinle Universitary Hospital, Rio de Janeiro State Federal University/UniRio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - N R Gardinali
- Laboratory of Technological Development in Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - L R P Lima
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - J M de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Technological Development in Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - F S Sion
- Hematology Department, Gaffrée & Guinle Universitary Hospital, Rio de Janeiro State Federal University/UniRio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - L C P Ribeiro
- Hematology Department, Gaffrée & Guinle Universitary Hospital, Rio de Janeiro State Federal University/UniRio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M A Pinto
- Laboratory of Technological Development in Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - V S de Paula
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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19
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Santos Ferreira I, Kikhney J, Kursawe L, Kasper S, Gonçalves LMD, Trampuz A, Moter A, Bettencourt AF, Almeida AJ. Encapsulation in Polymeric Microparticles Improves Daptomycin Activity Against Mature Staphylococci Biofilms-a Thermal and Imaging Study. AAPS PharmSciTech 2018; 19:1625-1636. [PMID: 29488195 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-018-0974-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Eradication of Gram-positive biofilms is a critical aspect in implant-associated infection treatment. Although antibiotic-containing particulate carriers may be a promising strategy for overcoming biofilm tolerance, the assessment of their interaction with biofilms has not been fully explored. In the present work, the antibiofilm activity of daptomycin- and vancomycin-loaded poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and PMMA-Eudragit RL 100 (EUD) microparticles against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and polysaccharide intercellular adhesin-positive S. epidermidis biofilms was investigated using isothermal microcalorimetry (IMC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The minimal biofilm inhibitory concentrations (MBIC) of MRSA biofilms, as determined by IMC, were 5 and 20 mg/mL for daptomycin- and vancomycin-loaded PMMA microparticles, respectively. S. epidermidis biofilms were less susceptible, with a MBIC of 20 mg/mL for daptomycin-loaded PMMA microparticles. Vancomycin-loaded microparticles were ineffective. Adding EUD to the formulation caused a 4- and 16-fold reduction of the MBIC values of daptomycin-loaded microparticles for S. aureus and S. epidermidis, respectively. FISH corroborated the IMC results and provided additional insights on the antibiofilm effect of these particles. According to microscopic analysis, only daptomycin-loaded PMMA-EUD microparticles were causing a pronounced reduction in biofilm mass for both strains. Taken together, although IMC indicated that a biofilm inhibition was achieved, microscopy showed that the biofilm was not eradicated and still contained FISH-positive, presumably viable bacteria, thus indicating that combining the two techniques is essential to fully assess the effect of microparticles on staphylococcal biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Santos Ferreira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Judith Kikhney
- Biofilmcenter, Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Microbiology and Hygiene, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura Kursawe
- Biofilmcenter, Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefanie Kasper
- Biofilmcenter, Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lídia M D Gonçalves
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Andrej Trampuz
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Free and Humboldt-University of Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annette Moter
- Biofilmcenter, Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ana Francisca Bettencourt
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - António J Almeida
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal.
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20
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Mendes M, Miranda A, Cova T, Gonçalves L, Almeida AJ, Sousa JJ, do Vale MLC, Marques EF, Pais A, Vitorino C. Modeling of ultra-small lipid nanoparticle surface charge for targeting glioblastoma. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 117:255-269. [PMID: 29486328 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Surface modification of ultra-small nanostructured lipid carriers (usNLC) via introduction of a positive charge is hypothesized to prompt site-specific drug delivery for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) treatment. A more effective interaction with negatively charged lipid bilayers, including the blood-brain barrier (BBB), will facilitate the nanoparticle access to the brain. For this purpose, usNLC with a particle size of 43.82 ± 0.03 nm and a polydispersity index of 0.224 were developed following a Quality by Design approach. Monomeric and gemini surfactants, either with conventional headgroups or serine-based ones, were tested for the surface modification, and the respective safety and efficacy to target GBM evaluated. A comprehensive in silico-in vitro approach is also provided based on molecular dynamics simulations and cytotoxicity studies. Overall, monomeric serine-derived surfactants displayed the best performance, considering altogether particle size, zeta potential, cytotoxic profile and cell uptake. Although conventional surfactants were able to produce usNLC with suitable physicochemical properties and cell uptake, their use is discouraged due to their high cytotoxicity. This study suggests that monomeric serine-derived surfactants are promising agents for developing nanosystems aiming at brain drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Mendes
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Centre for Neurosciences and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Faculty of Medicine, Pólo I, 1st floor, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Miranda
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Centre for Neurosciences and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Faculty of Medicine, Pólo I, 1st floor, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Tânia Cova
- Coimbra Chemistry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lídia Gonçalves
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - António J Almeida
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João J Sousa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; LAQV - REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria L C do Vale
- LAQV - REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Eduardo F Marques
- CIQUP, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Alberto Pais
- Coimbra Chemistry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carla Vitorino
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Centre for Neurosciences and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Faculty of Medicine, Pólo I, 1st floor, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal.
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21
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Marto J, Ruivo E, Lucas SD, Gonçalves LM, Simões S, Gouveia LF, Felix R, Moreira R, Ribeiro HM, Almeida AJ. Starch nanocapsules containing a novel neutrophil elastase inhibitor with improved pharmaceutical performance. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 127:1-11. [PMID: 29409864 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis and atopic dermatitis patients show an excessive amount of elastase in peripheral blood neutrophils due to an imbalance between this proteolytic enzyme and its endogenous inhibitors, the search for new human neutrophil elastase (HNE) inhibitors are required. The HNE is an attractive therapeutic target and inhibitors with new molecular architectures have been extensively investigated. In this context a promising novel synthetic human neutrophil elastase inhibitor (ER143) was associated to a starch-based nanoparticulate system (StNC) with improved pharmaceutical performance, using a quality by design approach to support product development and optimization. The resulting formulation was characterized in terms of and in vitro release, permeation and retention studies in newborn pig skin, using Franz diffusion cells revealing the StNC have the ability to control the drug release rate and contribute to a high skin retention and/or permeation profiles. The anti-inflammatory activity accessed in vivo using the croton oil-induced ear inflammation model in mice showed that erythema and edema were attenuated in 98% following local application. These observations suggest the association of ER143 to the StNC promotes a deeper skin penetration and retention, also confirming StNC as a potential topical delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Marto
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - E Ruivo
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - S D Lucas
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - L M Gonçalves
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - S Simões
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - L F Gouveia
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - R Felix
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - R Moreira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - H M Ribeiro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - A J Almeida
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal.
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22
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Santos AMC, Doria MS, Meirinhos-Soares L, Almeida AJ, Menezes JC. A QRM Discussion of Microbial Contamination of Non-sterile Drug Products, Using FDA and EMA Warning Letters Recorded between 2008 and 2016. PDA J Pharm Sci Technol 2017; 72:62-72. [PMID: 29242394 DOI: 10.5731/pdajpst.2016.007252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Microbial quality control of non-sterile drug products has been a concern to regulatory agencies and the pharmaceutical industry since the 1960s. Despite being an old challenge to companies, microbial contamination still affects a high number of manufacturers of non-sterile products. Consequences go well beyond the obvious direct costs related to batch rejections or product recalls, as human lives and a company's reputation are significantly impacted if such events occur. To better manage risk and establish effective mitigation strategies, it is necessary to understand the microbial hazards involved in non-sterile drug products manufacturing, be able to evaluate their potential impact on final product quality, and apply mitigation actions. Herein we discuss the most likely root causes involved in microbial contaminations referenced in warning letters issued by US health authorities and non-compliance reports issued by European health authorities over a period of several years. The quality risk management tools proposed were applied to the data gathered from those databases, and a generic risk ranking was provided based on a panel of non-sterile drug product manufacturers that was assembled and given the opportunity to perform the risk assessments. That panel identified gaps and defined potential mitigation actions, based on their own experience of potential risks expected for their processes. Major findings clearly indicate that the manufacturers affected by the warning letters should focus their attention on process improvements and microbial control strategies, especially those related to microbial analysis and raw material quality control. Additionally, the WLs considered frequently referred to failures in quality-related issues, which indicates that the quality commitment should be reinforced at most companies to avoid microbiological contaminations.LAY ABSTRACT: Microbial contamination of drug products affects the quality of non-sterile drug products produced by numerous manufacturers, representing a major risk to patients. It is necessary to understand the microbial hazards involved in the manufacturing process and evaluate their impact on final product quality so that effective prevention strategies can be implemented. A risk-based classification of most likely root causes for microbial contamination found in the warning letters issued by the US Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency is proposed. To validate the likely root causes extracted from the warning letters, a subject matter expert panel made of several manufacturers was formed and consulted. A quality risk management approach to assess microbiological contamination of non-sterile drug products is proposed for the identification of microbial hazards involved in the manufacturing process. To enable ranking of microbial contamination risks, quality risk management metrics related to criticality and overall risk were applied. The results showed that manufacturers of non-sterile drug products should improve their microbial control strategy, with special attention to quality controls of raw materials, primary containers, and closures. Besides that, they should invest in a more robust quality system and culture. As a start, manufacturers may consider investigating their specific microbiological risks, adressing their sites' own microbial ecology, type of manufacturing processes, and dosage form characteristics, as these may lead to increased contamination risks. Authorities should allow and enforce innovative, more comprehensive, and more effective approaches to in-process contamination monitoring and controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M C Santos
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mara S Doria
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luís Meirinhos-Soares
- INFARMED Autoridade Nacional do Medicamento, Av. do Brasil 53, 1749-004 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - António J Almeida
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - José C Menezes
- Institute for Biotechnology and Biosciences - Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1 - 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; and
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23
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Silva MM, Calado R, Marto J, Bettencourt A, Almeida AJ, Gonçalves LMD. Chitosan Nanoparticles as a Mucoadhesive Drug Delivery System for Ocular Administration. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15120370. [PMID: 29194378 PMCID: PMC5742830 DOI: 10.3390/md15120370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmaceutical approaches based on nanotechnologies and the development of eye drops composed of the mucoadhesive polymers chitosan and hyaluronic acid are emerging strategies for the efficient treatment of ocular diseases. These innovative nanoparticulate systems aim to increase drugs’ bioavailability at the ocular surface. For the successful development of these systems, the evaluation of mucoahesiveness (the interaction between the ocular delivery system and mucins present on the eye) is of utmost importance. In this context, the aim of the present work was to investigate the mucoadhesivity of a novel nanoparticle eye drop formulation containing an antibiotic (ceftazidime) intended to treat eye infections. Eye drop formulations comprised a polymer (hydroxypropyl) methyl cellulose (HPMC) 0.75% (w/v) in an isotonic solution incorporating chitosan/sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP)-hyaluronic acid-based nanoparticles containing ceftazidime. The viscosity of the nanoparticles, and the gels incorporating the nanoparticles were characterized in contact with mucin at different mass ratios, allowing the calculation of the rheological synergism parameter (∆η). Results showed that at different nanoparticle eye formulation:mucin weight ratios, a minimum in viscosity occurred which resulted in a negative rheological synergism. Additionally, the results highlighted the mucoadhesivity of the novel ocular formulation and its ability to interact with the ocular surface, thus increasing the drug residence time in the eye. Moreover, the in vitro release and permeation studies showed a prolonged drug release profile from the chitosan/TPP-hyaluronic acid nanoparticles gel formulation. Furthermore, the gel formulations were not cytotoxic on ARPE-19 and HEK293T cell lines, evaluated by the metabolic and membrane integrity tests. The formulation was stable and the drug active, as shown by microbiological studies. In conclusion, chitosan/TPP-hyaluronic acid nanoparticle eye drop formulations are a promising platform for ocular drug delivery with enhanced mucoadhesive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana M Silva
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Raquel Calado
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Joana Marto
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal.
- Laboratório Edol, Produtos Farmacêuticos S.A., 2795-225 Linda-a-Velha, Portugal.
| | - Ana Bettencourt
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - António J Almeida
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Lídia M D Gonçalves
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal.
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24
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Ferreira M, Rzhepishevska O, Grenho L, Malheiros D, Gonçalves L, Almeida AJ, Jordão L, Ribeiro IA, Ramstedt M, Gomes P, Bettencourt A. Levofloxacin-loaded bone cement delivery system: Highly effective against intracellular bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. Int J Pharm 2017; 532:241-248. [PMID: 28851574 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.08.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen in bone associated infections due to its ability to adhere and form biofilms on bone and/or implants. Moreover, recrudescent and chronic infections have been associated with S. aureus capacity to invade and persist within osteoblast cells. With the growing need of novel therapeutic tools, this research aimed to evaluate some important key biological properties of a novel carrier system composed of acrylic bone cement (polymethylmethacrylate - PMMA), loaded with a release modulator (lactose) and an antibiotic (levofloxacin). Levofloxacin-loaded bone cement (BC) exhibited antimicrobial effects against planktonic and biofilm forms of S. aureus (evaluated by a flow chamber system). Moreover, novel BC formulation showed high anti-bacterial intraosteoblast activity. This fact led to the conclusion that levofloxacin released from BC matrices could penetrate the cell membrane of osteoblasts and be active against S. aureus strains in the intracellular environment. Furthermore, levofloxacin-BC formulations showed no significant in vitro cytotoxicity and no allergic potential (measured by the in vivo chorioallantoic membrane assay). Our results indicate that levofloxacin-loaded BC has potential as a local antibiotic delivery system for treating S. aureus associated bone infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Ferreira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Liliana Grenho
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration - Faculty of Dental Medicine, U. Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Lídia Gonçalves
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - António J Almeida
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luisa Jordão
- National Institute of Health Dr Ricardo Jorge, Department of Environmental Health, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Isabel A Ribeiro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Pedro Gomes
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration - Faculty of Dental Medicine, U. Porto, Porto, Portugal; REQUIMTE/LAQV - Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Bettencourt
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
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25
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Gaspar DP, Gaspar MM, Eleutério CV, Grenha A, Blanco M, Gonçalves LMD, Taboada P, Almeida AJ, Remuñán-López C. Microencapsulated Solid Lipid Nanoparticles as a Hybrid Platform for Pulmonary Antibiotic Delivery. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:2977-2990. [PMID: 28809501 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) containing rifabutin (RFB), with pulmonary administration purposes, were developed through a technique that avoids the use of organic solvents or sonication. To facilitate their pulmonary delivery, the RFB-loaded SLN were included in microspheres of appropriate size using suitable excipients (mannitol and trehalose) through a spray-drying technique. Confocal analysis microscopy showed that microspheres are spherical and that SLN are efficiently microencapsulated and homogeneously distributed throughout the microsphere matrices. The aerodynamic diameters observed an optimal distribution for reaching the alveolar region. The dry powder's performance during aerosolization and the in vitro drug deposition were tested using a twin-impinger approach, which confirmed that the microspheres can reach the deep lung. Isothermal titration calorimetry revealed that SLN have higher affinity for mannitol than for trehalose. Upon microsphere dissolution in aqueous media, SLN were readily recovered, maintaining their physicochemical properties. When these dry powders reach the deep lung, microspheres are expected to readily dissolve, delivering the SLN which, in turn, will release RFB. The in vivo biodistribution of microencapsulated RFB-SLN demonstrated that the antibiotic achieved the tested organs 15 and 30 min post pulmonary administration. Their antimycobacterial activity was also evaluated in a murine model of infection with a Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37Rv resulting in an enhancement of activity against M. tuberculosis infection compared to nontreated animals. These results suggest that RFB-SLN microencapsulation is a promising approach for the treatment of tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana P Gaspar
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa , Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria Manuela Gaspar
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa , Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carla V Eleutério
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa , Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | | | - Lídia M D Gonçalves
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa , Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - António J Almeida
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa , Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
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26
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Caetano LA, Figueiredo L, Almeida AJ, Gonçalves LMD. BCG-loaded chitosan microparticles: interaction with macrophages and preliminary in vivo studies. J Microencapsul 2017; 34:203-217. [PMID: 28378596 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2017.1316325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a novel BCG-loaded chitosan vaccine with high association efficiency which can afford efficient interaction with APC and elicit local and Th1-type-specific immune response after intranasal administration. Chitosan-suspended BCG and BCG-loaded chitosan-alginate microparticles were prepared by ionotropic gelation. Interaction with APC was evaluated by fluorescence microscopy using rBCG-GFP. Specific immune responses were evaluated following intranasal immunisation of mice. Cellular uptake was approximately two-fold higher for chitosan-suspended BCG. A single dose of BCG-loaded microparticles or chitosan-suspended BCG by intranasal route improved Th1-type response compared with subcutaneous BCG. Chitosan-suspended BCG originated the highest mucosal response in the lungs by intranasal route. These positive results indicate that the proposed approach of whole live BCG microencapsulation in chitosan-alginate for intranasal immunisation was successful in allowing efficient interaction with APC, while improving the cellular immune response, which is of interest for local immunisation against tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Aranha Caetano
- a Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Lisbon , Lisbon , Portugal.,b Department of Ciências e Tecnologias Laboratoriais e Saúde Comunitária, ESTeSL - Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa , Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa , Lisbon , Portugal
| | - Lara Figueiredo
- a Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Lisbon , Lisbon , Portugal
| | - António J Almeida
- a Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Lisbon , Lisbon , Portugal
| | - L M D Gonçalves
- a Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Lisbon , Lisbon , Portugal
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27
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Gaspar DP, Serra C, Lino PR, Gonçalves L, Taboada P, Remuñán-López C, Almeida AJ. Microencapsulated SLN: An innovative strategy for pulmonary protein delivery. Int J Pharm 2017; 516:231-246. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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28
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Silva FC, Marto JM, Salgado A, Machado P, Silva AN, Almeida AJ. Nystatin and lidocaine pastilles for the local treatment of oral mucositis. Pharm Dev Technol 2016; 22:266-274. [DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2016.1221424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Cosme Silva
- Hospital de Santa Maria, Serviço de Gestão Técnico-Farmacêutica, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, EPE, Lisbon, Portugal
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joana M. Marto
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Salgado
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paula Machado
- Laboratório de Controlo Microbiológico, ADEIM, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Alexandra N. Silva
- Laboratório de Controlo Microbiológico, ADEIM, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - António J. Almeida
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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29
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Marto
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Andreia Ascenso
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sandra Simoes
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - António J. Almeida
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Helena M. Ribeiro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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30
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Fonte P, Lino PR, Seabra V, Almeida AJ, Reis S, Sarmento B. Annealing as a tool for the optimization of lyophilization and ensuring of the stability of protein-loaded PLGA nanoparticles. Int J Pharm 2016; 503:163-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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31
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Marto J, Gouveia LF, Gonçalves LM, Gaspar DP, Pinto P, Carvalho FA, Oliveira E, Ribeiro HM, Almeida AJ. A Quality by design (QbD) approach on starch-based nanocapsules: A promising platform for topical drug delivery. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 143:177-185. [PMID: 27003468 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Exploring novel applications for approved excipients with a history of safe use in therapeutics is a smart strategy to obtain improved pharmaceutical products. The present study aimed at developing a novel starch-based nanoparticulate carrier system (StNC) for topical delivery of lipophilic bioactive molecules. The role of the different factors that affect the particle size distribution and zeta potential of StNC prepared by the emulsification-solvent evaporation method was assessed using a quality by design approach. An optimal formulation was selected and fully characterized in terms of molecular interactions (DSC and FTIR), morphology (TEM and AFM), as well as in vitro and in vivo biological properties, including biological sensitivity/irritation studies performed in human volunteers. Results show the surfactant and lipid contents play a major role in StNC particle size distribution. In addition, all tested formulations presented a zeta potential of ca. +33.6±6.7 mV, indicating a good physical stability, while revealing an excellent compromise between stability, safety and cosmeticity, evidencing that StNC are suitable nanocarriers for topical use. Finally, the design planning methodology has clearly shown its usefulness for optimizing the formulation, being also crucial for the understanding of StNC formation process. The StNC proved to be a promising formulation strategy and a potential nanocarrier for topical lipophilic bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Marto
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - L F Gouveia
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - L M Gonçalves
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - D P Gaspar
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - P Pinto
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - F A Carvalho
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - E Oliveira
- Laboratórios Atral S.A., Vala do Carregado, Portugal
| | - H M Ribeiro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - A J Almeida
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal.
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Silva AFC, Marto J, Salgado A, Silva A, Rodrigues V, Ferreira MP, Almeida AJ. PP-031 Nystatin-lidocaine sugar free pastilles: A stability and characterisation study. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2016-000875.470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Marto J, Ascenso A, Gonçalves LM, Gouveia LF, Manteigas P, Pinto P, Oliveira E, Almeida AJ, Ribeiro HM. Melatonin-based pickering emulsion for skin's photoprotection. Drug Deliv 2016; 23:1594-607. [PMID: 26755411 DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2015.1128496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Based on its antioxidant activity, melatonin was recently found to have a protection effect against photocarcinogenesis. OBJECTIVE This work aimed to develop an innovative sunscreen formulation based on the Pickering emulsions concept, stabilized by physical UV filters, modified starch and natural oils associated to melatonin as a key strategy for prevention against UV-induced skin damage. MATERIALS AND METHODS For this purpose, melatonin was incorporated in Pickering emulsions that were characterized using physicochemical, in vitro and in vivo testing. Physicochemical studies included physical and chemical stability by a thorough pharmaceutical control. The possible protective effects of melatonin against UV-induced cell damage in HaCaT cell lines were investigated in vitro. The safety assessment and the in vivo biological properties of the final formulations, including Human Repeat Insult Patch Test and sunscreen water resistance tests were also evaluated. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION These studies demonstrated that melatonin sunscreen Pickering emulsion was beneficial and presented a powerful protection against UVB-induced damage in HaCat cells, including inhibition of apoptosis. The inclusion of zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, green coffee oil and starch ensured a high SPF (50+) against UVA and UVB. CONCLUSION The combination of melatonin, multifunctional solid particles and green coffee oil, contributed to achieve a stable, effective and innovative sunscreen with a meaningful synergistic protection against oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Marto
- a Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon , Portugal and
| | - Andreia Ascenso
- a Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon , Portugal and
| | - Lídia M Gonçalves
- a Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon , Portugal and
| | - Luís F Gouveia
- a Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon , Portugal and
| | - Patrícia Manteigas
- a Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon , Portugal and
| | - Pedro Pinto
- a Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon , Portugal and
| | | | - António J Almeida
- a Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon , Portugal and
| | - Helena M Ribeiro
- a Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon , Portugal and
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Beloqui A, Solinís MÁ, Rodríguez-Gascón A, Almeida AJ, Préat V. Nanostructured lipid carriers: Promising drug delivery systems for future clinics. Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine 2016; 12:143-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 388] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Lopes RM, Pereira J, Esteves MA, Gaspar MM, Carvalheiro M, Eleutério CV, Gonçalves L, Jiménez-Ruiz A, Almeida AJ, Cruz MEM. Lipid-based nanoformulations of trifluralin analogs in the management of Leishmania infantum infections. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:153-70. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To improve the potential of trifluralin (TFL) in the management of Leishmania infantum infections through the synthesis of analogs (TFLA) and incorporation in nanoparticulate drug delivery systems (NanoDDS), liposomes and solid lipid nanoparticles, for selective targeting to leishmania infection sites. Material & methods: In vitro screening of 18 TFLA was performed by flow cytometry. NanoDDS were loaded with active TFLA and evaluated for antileishmanial efficacy in mice through determination of parasite burden in liver and spleen. Results: The in vitro testing revealed the most active and nontoxic TFLAs, which were selected for the in vivo studies based on high incorporation in liposomes and lipid nanoparticles (>90%). Selected TFLA nanoformulations showed superior antileishmanial activity in mice (parasite burden >80%), over free TFLA and Glucantime. Conclusion: The modification of TFL structure to obtain active TFLA, together with their incorporation in NanoDDS, improved their in vivo performance against L. infantum infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui M Lopes
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649–003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joana Pereira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649–003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Alexandra Esteves
- Solar Energy Unit, National Laboratory for Energy & Geology, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, 22, 1649–038 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Manuela Gaspar
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649–003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Manuela Carvalheiro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649–003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carla V Eleutério
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649–003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Lídia Gonçalves
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649–003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - António Jiménez-Ruiz
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas-Unidad Asociada al Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - António J Almeida
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649–003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Eugénia M Cruz
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649–003 Lisboa, Portugal
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Santos-Ferreira I, Bettencourt A, Almeida AJ. Nanoparticulate platforms for targeting bone infections: meeting a major therapeutic challenge. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 10:3131-45. [PMID: 26446355 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone infections are devastating complications in orthopedics due to biofilm formation. Treatment requires high antibiotic doses, which may lead to systemic toxicity thus limiting the drug therapeutic effectiveness. In this context, nanoparticles are well-known controlled release drug carriers that are able to modulate release rate, versatile in terms of administration routes and may be used as local delivery systems. Regarding bone infections, although nanoparticles are a promising strategy for overcoming biofilm tolerance, there are clearly technical, safety, regulatory and clinical challenges that need to be overcome before such nanomedicines may be translated into clinical use. In this paper, we present a critical overview on the high expectations against the real potential of the nanotechnological approaches to bone infection treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Santos-Ferreira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Bettencourt
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - António J Almeida
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal
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Ferreira IS, Bettencourt AF, Gonçalves LMD, Kasper S, Bétrisey B, Kikhney J, Moter A, Trampuz A, Almeida AJ. Activity of daptomycin- and vancomycin-loaded poly-epsilon-caprolactone microparticles against mature staphylococcal biofilms. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:4351-66. [PMID: 26185439 PMCID: PMC4500610 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s84108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to develop novel daptomycin-loaded poly-epsilon-caprolactone (PCL) microparticles with enhanced antibiofilm activity against mature biofilms of clinically relevant bacteria, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and polysaccharide intercellular adhesin-positive Staphylococcus epidermidis. Daptomycin was encapsulated into PCL microparticles by a double emulsion-solvent evaporation method. For comparison purposes, formulations containing vancomycin were also prepared. Particle morphology, size distribution, encapsulation efficiency, surface charge, thermal behavior, and in vitro release were assessed. All formulations exhibited a spherical morphology, micrometer size, and negative surface charge. From a very early time stage, the released concentrations of daptomycin and vancomycin were higher than the minimal inhibitory concentration and continued so up to 72 hours. Daptomycin presented a sustained release profile with increasing concentrations of the drug being released up to 72 hours, whereas the release of vancomycin stabilized at 24 hours. The antibacterial activity of the microparticles was assessed by isothermal microcalorimetry against planktonic and sessile MRSA and S. epidermidis. Regarding planktonic bacteria, daptomycin-loaded PCL microparticles presented the highest antibacterial activity against both strains. Isothermal microcalorimetry also revealed that lower concentrations of daptomycin-loaded microparticles were required to completely inhibit the recovery of mature MRSA and S. epidermidis biofilms. Further characterization of the effect of daptomycin-loaded PCL microparticles on mature biofilms was performed by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Fluorescence in situ hybridization showed an important reduction in MRSA biofilm, whereas S. epidermidis biofilms, although inhibited, were not eradicated. In addition, an important attachment of the microparticles to MRSA and S. epidermidis biofilms was observed. Finally, all formulations proved to be biocompatible with both ISO compliant L929 fibroblasts and human MG63 osteoblast-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Santos Ferreira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana F Bettencourt
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Lídia M D Gonçalves
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Stefanie Kasper
- Biofilmcenter, German Heart Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bertrand Bétrisey
- Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Judith Kikhney
- Biofilmcenter, German Heart Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annette Moter
- Biofilmcenter, German Heart Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrej Trampuz
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - António J Almeida
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
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Matos AC, Marques CF, Pinto RV, Ribeiro IA, Gonçalves LM, Vaz MA, Ferreira J, Almeida AJ, Bettencourt AF. Novel doped calcium phosphate-PMMA bone cement composites as levofloxacin delivery systems. Int J Pharm 2015; 490:200-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lopes RM, Gaspar MM, Pereira J, Eleutério CV, Carvalheiro M, Almeida AJ, Cruz MEM. Liposomes versus lipid nanoparticles: comparative study of lipid-based systems as oryzalin carriers for the treatment of leishmaniasis. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2015; 10:3647-57. [PMID: 26000378 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2014.1874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Main-stay in treatment of leishmaniasis relies on chemotherapy but none of the current drugs combines high activity and low toxicity at affordable costs. Dinitroanilines are a new class of drugs with proved in vitro antileishmanial activity. However the development of their pharmaceutical formulations has been compromised by low water solubility and low accumulation in diseased organs. These limitations can be overcome by incorporation in lipid-based nanoformulations such as liposomes and solid lipid nanoparticles. In previous work this strategy was already followed with the incorporation of a dinitroaniline, oryzalin, resulting in the improvement of the biodistribution profile. The present work aims at demonstrating the in vitro and in vivo therapeutic activity of these oryzalin nanoformulations, and establishing a systematic comparison of both systems. After oryzalin incorporation suitable physicochemical properties for parenteral administration were obtained. Nanoformulations revealed reduced cytotoxicity and haemolytic activity when compared with free-oryzalin, while retaining the in vitro intracellular activity. Therapeutic activity, assessed in a murine model of visceral leishmaniasis, was evaluated in terms of number of administrations, dose-response and influence of the lipid excipient. Results demonstrate the superiority of both oryzalin nanoformulations on the reduction of parasitic burden in liver and spleen as compared to the control group (84 to 91%) and similar to Glucantime. A strong reduction in ED50 values (3 to 65 fold) as compared to free-oryzalin was also obtained, depending on the organ and nanoformulation used. Both oryzalin nanoformulations are potential candidates as therapeutic agents against visceral leishmaniasis.
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Kabnick LS, Almeida AJ. Summaries of Recent Phlebological Papers. Phlebology 2015. [DOI: 10.1177/0268355515588420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Mancini G, Lopes RM, Clemente P, Raposo S, Gonçalves LMD, Bica A, Ribeiro HM, Almeida AJ. Lecithin and parabens play a crucial role in tripalmitin-based lipid nanoparticle stabilization throughout moist heat sterilization and freeze-drying. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201400431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guiliana Mancini
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy; Universidade de Lisboa; Lisboa Portugal
| | - Rui M. Lopes
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy; Universidade de Lisboa; Lisboa Portugal
| | - Pierpaolo Clemente
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy; Universidade de Lisboa; Lisboa Portugal
| | - Sara Raposo
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy; Universidade de Lisboa; Lisboa Portugal
| | - Lídia M. D. Gonçalves
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy; Universidade de Lisboa; Lisboa Portugal
| | - António Bica
- Laboratório de Estudos Farmacêuticos (LEF); Barcarena Portugal
| | - Helena M. Ribeiro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy; Universidade de Lisboa; Lisboa Portugal
| | - António J. Almeida
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy; Universidade de Lisboa; Lisboa Portugal
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Ferreira IS, Bettencourt A, Bétrisey B, Gonçalves LMD, Trampuz A, Almeida AJ. Improvement of the antibacterial activity of daptomycin-loaded polymeric microparticles by Eudragit RL 100: an assessment by isothermal microcalorimetry. Int J Pharm 2015; 485:171-82. [PMID: 25772414 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to develop novel daptomycin-loaded acrylic microparticles with improved release profiles and antibacterial activity against two clinically relevant methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains (MSSA and MRSA, respectively). Daptomycin was encapsulated into poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and PMMA-Eudragit RL 100 (EUD) microparticles by a double emulsion-solvent evaporation method. For comparison purposes similar formulations were prepared with vancomycin. Particle morphology, size distribution, encapsulation efficiency, surface charge, physicochemical properties, in vitro release and biocompatibility were assessed. Particles exhibited a micrometer size and a spherical morphology. The addition of EUD to the formulation caused a shift in the surface charge of the particles from negative zeta potential values (100% PMMA formulations) to strongly positive. It also improved daptomycin encapsulation efficiency and release, whereas vancomycin encapsulation and release were strongly hindered. Plain and antibiotic-loaded particles presented comparable biocompatibility profiles. The antibacterial activity of the particles was assessed by isothermal microcalorimetry against both MSSA and MRSA. Daptomycin-loaded PMMA-EUD particles presented the highest antibacterial activity against both strains. The addition of 30% EUD to the daptomycin-loaded PMMA particles caused a 40- and 20-fold decrease in the minimum inhibitory (MIC) and bactericidal concentration (MBC) values, respectively, when compared to the 100% PMMA formulations. On the other hand, vancomycin-loaded microparticles presented the highest antibacterial activity in PMMA particles. Unlike conventional methods, isothermal microcalorimetry proved to be a real-time, sensitive and accurate method for assessment of antibacterial activity of antibiotic-loaded polymeric microparticles. Finally, the addition of EUD to formulations proved to be a powerful strategy to improve daptomycin encapsulation efficiency and release, and consequently improving the microparticles activity against two relevant S. aureus strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Santos Ferreira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Bettencourt
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Bertrand Bétrisey
- Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lídia M D Gonçalves
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Andrej Trampuz
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Free and Humboldt-University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - António J Almeida
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal.
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Cosme Silva F, Marto J, Salgado A, Rodrigues V, Ferreira M, Almeida AJ. PP-033 Nystatin-lidocaine lozenges: innovation in the treatment of oral mucositis. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2015-000639.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Matos AC, Gonçalves LM, Rijo P, Vaz MA, Almeida AJ, Bettencourt AF. A novel modified acrylic bone cement matrix. A step forward on antibiotic delivery against multiresistant bacteria responsible for prosthetic joint infections. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2014; 38:218-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Armada A, Gazarini ML, Gonçalves LM, Antunes S, Custódio A, Rodrigues A, Almeida AJ, Silveira H, Rosário VD, Santos-Gomes G, Domingos A. Generation of an antibody that recognizes Plasmodium chabaudi cysteine protease (chabaupain-1) in both sexual and asexual parasite life cycle and evaluation of chabaupain-1 vaccine potential. Exp Parasitol 2013; 135:166-74. [PMID: 23830988 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2013.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Revised: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Malaria cysteine proteases have been shown to be immunogenic and are being exploited as serodiagnostic markers, drug and vaccine targets. Several Plasmodium spp. cysteine proteases have been described and the best characterized of these are the falcipains, a family of papain-family enzymes. Falcipain-2 and falcipain-3 act in concert with other proteases to hydrolyze host erythrocyte hemoglobin in the parasite food vacuole. Falcipain-1 has less similarity to the other falcipains and its physiological role in parasite asexual blood stage still remains uncertain. Immunolocalization studies using an antibody developed against the Plasmodium chabaudi recombinant chabaupain-1, the falcipain-1 ortholog, were performed confirming its cellular localization in both erythrocyte and mosquito ookinete stage. Immunostaining of chabaupain-1 preferentially in apical portion of parasite ookinete suggests that this protease may be related with parasite egression from mosquito midgut. Immune responses to chabaupain-1 were evaluated using two different adjuvants, chitosan nanoparticles and hydroxide aluminum. Mice immunized with the recombinant protein alone or in association with nanoparticles were challenged with P. chabaudi showing that immunization with the recombinant protein confers partial protection to blood stage infection in BALB/c animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Armada
- Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua da Junqueira 100, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal
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Vitorino C, Almeida J, Gonçalves LM, Almeida AJ, Sousa JJ, Pais AACC. Co-encapsulating nanostructured lipid carriers for transdermal application: from experimental design to the molecular detail. J Control Release 2013; 167:301-14. [PMID: 23454133 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Revised: 02/09/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Co-encapsulation of drugs directed at commonly associated diseases provides a convenient means for administration, especially if transdermally delivered. In this work, a comprehensive study for the co-encapsulation of drugs with a differential lipophilicity, olanzapine and simvastatin, and their transdermal delivery in a formulation containing nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) is presented. Focus is given to the evaluation of a strategy in which NLC and chemical permeation enhancers are combined. It comprises in vitro, in silico and cellular viability approaches. The optimization and rationalization of the systems are carried out using a two-step factorial design. It is shown that the external medium in the NLC dispersion strongly influences permeation. It is also seen that the use of NLC determines a synergistic effect with selected permeation enhancers, thus promoting marked flux enhancement ratios (48 and 21, respectively for olanzapine and simvastatin) relative to the drugs in solution. The developed formulations can be considered non-irritant. A correlation between enhancer positioning in a lipid bilayer, partially governed by a H-bonding phenomenon, and enhancement effect is suggested from molecular dynamics studies and experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vitorino
- Center for Pharmaceutical Studies, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Rodrigues MA, Figueiredo L, Padrela L, Cadete A, Tiago J, Matos HA, Azevedo EGD, Florindo HF, Gonçalves LM, Almeida AJ. Development of a novel mucosal vaccine against strangles by supercritical enhanced atomization spray-drying of Streptococcus equi extracts and evaluation in a mouse model. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2012; 82:392-400. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2012.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2012] [Revised: 07/04/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Figueiredo L, Cadete A, Gonçalves LMD, Corvo ML, Almeida AJ. Intranasal immunisation of mice against Streptococcus equi using positively charged nanoparticulate carrier systems. Vaccine 2012; 30:6551-8. [PMID: 22947139 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2012] [Revised: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In order to potentiate a strong immune response after mucosal vaccination with a low immunogenic S. equi enzymatic extract, two positively charged particulate delivery systems (liposomes and nanoparticles) were created. Positively surface charged particles were expected to efficiently bind to negatively charged cell membranes and facilitate antigen uptake. Phosphatidylcholine-cholesterol-stearylamine liposomes encapsulating S. equi antigens were prepared and dimensionated to 0.22±0.01μm with a polydispersity index <0.242, zeta potential of +12±4mV and an encapsulation efficiency of 13±3% (w/w). Chitosan nanoparticles were prepared by ionotropic gelation with sodium tripolyphosphate, presenting a particle size of 0.17±0.01μm with polydispersity index <0.362, zeta potential of +23±8mV and an encapsulation efficiency of 53±6% (w/w). Both encapsulation methods were recognised as innocuous once antigens structure remained intact after incorporation as assessed by SDS-PAGE. Intranasal immunisation of mice with both formulations successfully elicited mucosal, humoral and cellular immune responses. Mucosal stimulation was confirmed by increased sIgA levels in the lungs, being the chitosan nanoparticles more successful in this achievement probably due to their different mucoadhesive properties. Both formulations share the ability to induce Th1-mediated immune responses characterised by IFN-γ production and high IgG2a antibody titers as well as a Th2 immune response characterised mainly by IL-4 production and IgG1 antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Figueiredo
- Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences (iMed.UL), Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
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Abstract
A microparticulate protein delivery system was developed using collagen, from the medusa Catostylus tagi, as a polymeric matrix. Collagen microparticles (CMPs) were produced by an emulsification-gelation-solvent extraction method and a high loading efficiency was found for the entrapment of lysozyme and α-lactalbumin. CMPs were cross-linked with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC). The uncross-linked CMPs were spherical, rough-surfaced, presenting an estimated median size of 28 µm by laser diffraction. Upon cross-linking, particle size (9.5 µm) and size distribution were reduced. CMPs showed a moderate hydrophobic behaviour and a positive surface charge. Cross-linking also resulted in greater stability in water, allowing a slow release, as shown by in vitro experiments. The assessment of lysozyme's biological activity showed that the protein remained active throughout the encapsulation and cross-linking processes. In summary, the work herein described shows the potential use of a marine collagen in the production of microparticles for the controlled release of therapeutic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Teresa Calejo
- CiiEM, Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde Egas Moniz, Campus Universitário, Quinta da Granja , Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
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Pereira RN, Almeida AJ, Stegner AR, Brandt MS, Wiggers H. Exchange-coupled donor dimers in nanocrystal quantum dots. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 108:126806. [PMID: 22540613 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.126806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Doping of semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) is expected to enable the control of key NC properties, yet its practical exploitation requires an understanding of exchange interactions when multiple dopants are incorporated in a single NC. Here, we experimentally probe the exchange of donor dimers in NCs via a deviation of their triplet-state magnetic resonance from Curie paramagnetism. We show that the exchange coupling of the closely spaced donors can be well described by effective mass theory, which allows the consideration of statistical effects crucial in NC ensembles. While a dimer induces discrete states in a NC, their energy splitting differs by up to 3 orders of magnitude for randomly placed dimers in a NC ensemble, due to an enormous dependence of the exchange energy on the dimer configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- R N Pereira
- Department of Physics and I3N, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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