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Mena-Bueno S, Garrido V, Romero F, Zabalza-Baranguá A, Grilló MJ. Rev1Δwzm vaccine candidate is safe in young and adult sheep and protects against Brucella ovis infection in rams. Vaccine 2024:S0264-410X(24)00605-4. [PMID: 38806353 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Small ruminants affected by brucellosis, caused mainly by Brucella melitensis and B. ovis, suffer reproductive disorders, leading to significant economic losses worldwide. Vaccination is an essential tool to prevent the disease in ovine and caprine livestock, but the only vaccine recommended to date is B. melitensis Rev1, which in sheep is only safe for use in lambs aged 3-4 months. This restriction poses considerable practical challenges for the implementation of Rev1 in countries with endemic brucellosis and/or limited resources, where there is a need for mass vaccination with a safe vaccine to control the disease in both animals and humans. We recently developed a B. melitensis strain Rev1Δwzm showing superior vaccine properties in mice and safety in pregnant ewes. Here, we report that Rev1Δwzm (i) is safe in young and adult sheep, both male and female; (ii) induces a transient serological response in the Rose Bengal test in ≤50 % of sheep, confirmed to some extent by the complement fixation test, and a stronger, more persistent anti- rough-LPS response; and (iii) protects rams against a B. ovis challenge 25 weeks after vaccination. To resolve the problem of serological interference, the use of green fluorescent protein tagging strategy allowed us to identify vaccinated sheep with only a single inoculation. These results, together with the previously reported safety in pregnant ewes, position Rev1Δwzm as a firm vaccine candidate and a promising alternative to Rev1. Further experiments are warranted to assess its efficacy against B. melitensis in pregnant ewes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mena-Bueno
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB; CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra), Avda. Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Navarra, Spain; Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Avda. de Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Navarra, Spain
| | - Victoria Garrido
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB; CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra), Avda. Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Navarra, Spain
| | - Francisco Romero
- Biomar Microbial Technologies, Parque Tecnológico de León, Parcela M-10.4, 24009 Armunia, León, Spain
| | - Ana Zabalza-Baranguá
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB; CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra), Avda. Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Navarra, Spain
| | - M J Grilló
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB; CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra), Avda. Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Navarra, Spain.
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Vaccine properties of Brucella melitensis 16MΔwzm and reactivation of placental infection in pregnant sheep. Vaccine 2023; 41:1554-1566. [PMID: 36653223 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Brucellosis, a worldwide zoonotic disease, is endemic in many developing countries. Besides causing significant economic losses for the livestock industry, it has severe consequences for human health. In endemic regions, small ruminants infected by Brucella melitensis are the main source of human brucellosis. Rev1, the only vaccine currently recommended to control the disease in sheep and goats, has several drawbacks. Rough lipopolysaccharide (R-LPS) mutants have been tested as alternatives, but most lack efficacy. Those in the Wzm/Wzt system responsible for O-polysaccharide export to the periplasm have been proposed as promising vaccine candidates, although to date they have been scarcely investigated in the natural host. In the present work, we studied the biological properties of a 16MΔwzm in-frame deletion mutant, including its safety in pregnant mice and sheep. In mice, 16MΔwzm prevented placental and fetal infections before parturition and protected against B. melitensis and Brucella ovis infections. In sheep, 16MΔwzm was equally safe in lambs, rams, and non-pregnant ewes, inducing some transient Rose Bengal reactions (<7 weeks). The serological reactions occurred earlier and more strongly in pregnant than in non-pregnant ewes and were significantly reduced when conjunctival rather than subcutaneous vaccination was used. In ewes vaccinated at mid-pregnancy, 16MΔwzm was not shed in vaginal discharges during the pregnancy and did not induce abortions/stillbirths. However, some ewes showed a transitory reactivation of infection in placentas and/or milk at parturition, accompanied by a seroconversion in smooth LPS (S-LPS) and/or R-LPS tests. Overall, 16MΔwzm can be considered as a safe vaccine for lambs, rams, and non-pregnant ewes, but its use at mid-pregnancy should be avoided to prevent vaccine dissemination at parturition. If the efficacy results against B. melitensis and B. ovis observed in mice are confirmed by further studies in the natural host, 16MΔwzm could constitute a useful vaccine.
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Moran MC, Dominguez MP, Bence AR, Rodriguez MG, Goldbaum FA, Zylberman V, Paola PR, Lupi G, Marcipar IS, Lützelschwab CM, Estein SM. Evaluation of the efficacy of polymeric antigen BLSOmp31 formulated in a new cage-like particle adjuvant (ISPA) administered by parenteral or mucosal routes against Brucella ovis in BALB/c mice. Res Vet Sci 2022; 145:29-39. [PMID: 35151156 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Brucella ovis is an economically important cause of epididymitis in rams worldwide. Polymeric BLSOmp31 was previously identified as a protective immunogen against this pathogen. In this study, BLSOmp31 was formulated with a modified version of ISCOMATRIX adjuvant called ISPA (BLSOmp31/ISPA) and was administered in BALB/C by the subcutaneous and ocular route. The systemic and mucosal immune responses, the opsonic activity of antibodies and the protection conferred against B. ovis were evaluated. BLSOmp31+ISPA injected subcutaneously or by ocular route induced significantly higher IgG antibody levels with a mixed Th1/Th2 profile compared to non-immunized mice. IgA and IgG were detected in sera and nasal, tracheobronchial, vaginal secretions, tears and faeces, from SC immunized mice while in the group immunized by the ocular route a slight increase in both isotypes was mainly observed in all secretions, except in vaginal fluid. Opsonic antibodies stimulated binding and increased uptake of PHrodo™ Green-labelled B. ovis by neutrophils and monocytes. BLSOmp31 administered subcutaneously induced the highest levels of IFN-ɣ. The ocular immunization not only produced significant levels of this cytokine but also IL-4 compared to non-immunized mice. Both, subcutaneous and ocular routes of immunization, significantly protected against B. ovis infection. These results indicate that BLSOmp31/ISPA administered parenterally or by ocular route is a safe and effective vaccine against B. ovis in the murine model.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Celeste Moran
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Sanidad Animal y Medicina Preventiva (SAMP), Centro de Investigación Veterinaria Tandil (CIVETAN-CONICET-CICPBA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias (FCV), Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Laboratorio de Microbiología Clínica y Experimental, Departamento SAMP, CIVETAN-CONICET-CICPBA, F.C.V, U.N.C.P.B.A, Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Paula Dominguez
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Sanidad Animal y Medicina Preventiva (SAMP), Centro de Investigación Veterinaria Tandil (CIVETAN-CONICET-CICPBA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias (FCV), Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Angel Ricardo Bence
- Departamento de Fisiopatología, F.C.V, U.N.C.P.B.A, Tandil, Bs.As, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Gastón Rodriguez
- Área de Bioestadística, SAMP. CIVETAN-CONICET-CICPBA, FCV, UNCPBA, Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | | | - Giuliana Lupi
- Facultad de Bioquimica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Ivan Sergio Marcipar
- Facultad de Bioquimica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Claudia María Lützelschwab
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, Box 7028, SE-750-07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Silvia Marcela Estein
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Sanidad Animal y Medicina Preventiva (SAMP), Centro de Investigación Veterinaria Tandil (CIVETAN-CONICET-CICPBA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias (FCV), Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Rossetti CA, Maurizio E, Rossi UA. Comparative Review of Brucellosis in Small Domestic Ruminants. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:887671. [PMID: 35647101 PMCID: PMC9133814 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.887671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucella melitensis and Brucella ovis are the primary etiological agents of brucellosis in small domestic ruminants. B. melitensis was first isolated in 1887 by David Bruce in Malta Island from spleens of four soldiers, while B. ovis was originally isolated in Australia and New Zealand in early 1950's from ovine abortion and rams epididymitis. Today, both agents are distributed worldwide: B. melitensis remains endemic and associated with an extensive negative impact on the productivity of flocks in -some regions, and B. ovis is still present in most sheep-raising regions in the world. Despite being species of the same bacterial genus, B. melitensis and B. ovis have extensive differences in their cultural and biochemical characteristics (smooth vs. rough colonial phases, serum and CO2 dependence for in vitro growth, carbohydrate metabolism), host preference (female goat and sheep vs. rams), the outcome of infection (abortion vs. epididymitis), and their zoonotic potential. Some of these differences can be explained at the bacterial genomic level, but the role of the host genome in promoting or preventing interaction with pathogens is largely unknown. Diagnostic techniques and measures to prevent and control brucellosis in small ruminants vary, with B. melitensis having more available tools for detection and prevention than B. ovis. This review summarizes and analyzes current available information on: (1) the similarities and differences between these two etiological agents of brucellosis in small ruminants, (2) the outcomes after their interaction with different preferred hosts and current diagnostic methodologies, (3) the prevention and control measures, and (4) alerting animal producers about the disease and raise awareness in the research community for future innovative activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Alberto Rossetti
- Instituto de Patobiología Veterinaria, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), N. Repetto y de Los Reseros, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Estefanía Maurizio
- Instituto de Patobiología Veterinaria, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), N. Repetto y de Los Reseros, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (Conicet), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ursula Amaranta Rossi
- Instituto de Patobiología Veterinaria, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), N. Repetto y de Los Reseros, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (Conicet), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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5
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Muñoz PM, Conde-Álvarez R, Andrés-Barranco S, de Miguel MJ, Zúñiga-Ripa A, Aragón-Aranda B, Salvador-Bescós M, Martínez-Gómez E, Iriarte M, Barberán M, Vizcaíno N, Moriyón I, Blasco JM. A Brucella melitensis H38ΔwbkF rough mutant protects against Brucella ovis in rams. Vet Res 2022; 53:16. [PMID: 35236406 PMCID: PMC8889640 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-022-01034-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Brucella melitensis and Brucella ovis are gram-negative pathogens of sheep that cause severe economic losses and, although B. ovis is non-zoonotic, B. melitensis is the main cause of human brucellosis. B. melitensis carries a smooth (S) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with an N-formyl-perosamine O-polysaccharide (O-PS) that is absent in the rough LPS of B. ovis. Their control and eradication require vaccination, but B. melitensis Rev 1, the only vaccine available, triggers anti-O-PS antibodies that interfere in the S-brucellae serodiagnosis. Since eradication and serological surveillance of the zoonotic species are priorities, Rev 1 is banned once B. melitensis is eradicated or where it never existed, hampering B. ovis control and eradication. To develop a B. ovis specific vaccine, we investigated three Brucella live vaccine candidates lacking N-formyl-perosamine O-PS: Bov::CAΔwadB (CO2-independent B. ovis with truncated LPS core oligosaccharide); Rev1::wbdRΔwbkC (carrying N-acetylated O-PS); and H38ΔwbkF (B. melitensis rough mutant with intact LPS core). After confirming their attenuation and protection against B. ovis in mice, were tested in rams for efficacy. H38ΔwbkF yielded similar protection to Rev 1 against B. ovis but Bov::CAΔwadB and Rev1::wbdRΔwbkC conferred no or poor protection, respectively. All H38ΔwbkF vaccinated rams developed a protracted antibody response in ELISA and immunoprecipitation B. ovis diagnostic tests. In contrast, all remained negative in Rose Bengal and complement fixation tests used routinely for B. melitensis diagnosis, though some became positive in S-LPS ELISA owing to LPS core epitope reactivity. Thus, H38ΔwbkF is an interesting candidate for the immunoprophylaxis of B. ovis in B. melitensis-free areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar M Muñoz
- Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA), Zaragoza, Spain.
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Raquel Conde-Álvarez
- Instituto de Salud Tropical, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra and Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sara Andrés-Barranco
- Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA), Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María-Jesús de Miguel
- Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA), Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Amaia Zúñiga-Ripa
- Instituto de Salud Tropical, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra and Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Aragón-Aranda
- Instituto de Salud Tropical, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra and Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miriam Salvador-Bescós
- Instituto de Salud Tropical, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra and Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Estrella Martínez-Gómez
- Instituto de Salud Tropical, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra and Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Otology and Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine, GENYO Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada-Junta de Andalucía, Granada, Spain
| | - Maite Iriarte
- Instituto de Salud Tropical, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra and Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Nieves Vizcaíno
- Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ignacio Moriyón
- Instituto de Salud Tropical, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra and Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - José M Blasco
- Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA), Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), Zaragoza, Spain
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Moran MC, Bence AR, Vallecillo MFS, Lützelschwab CM, Rodriguez MG, Pardo R, Goldbaum FA, Zylberman V, Palma SD, Maletto BA, Estein SM. Polymeric antigen BLSOmp31 formulated with class B CpG-ODN in a nanostructure (BLSOmp31/CpG-ODN/Coa-ASC16) administered by parenteral or mucosal routes confers protection against Brucella ovis in Balb/c mice. Res Vet Sci 2021; 135:217-227. [PMID: 33631456 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we demonstrated that the chimera BLSOmp31 formulated in chitosan microspheres or Poloxamer407-Chitosan administered via the nasal and the ocular mucosa conferred partial protection in sheep against B. ovis. In this work, we tested a new delivery system for mucosal immunization with BLSOmp31 in the murine model to improve the efficacy of previously used formulations. First, we evaluated the protective efficacy against B. ovis induced by BLSOmp31 administered by the subcutaneous route using either BLSOmp31 alone, co-administered with immunostimulatory synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides containing unmethylated cytosine-guanine motifs (CpG-ODN) or with CpG-ODN in a nanostructure called Coa-ASC16 compared with BLSOmp31 emulsified in Incomplete Freund Adjuvant. Then, we evaluated the protection conferred by the best performing formulation (BLSOmp31/CpG-ODN/Coa-ASC16) administered by both subcutaneous and ocular routes. BLSOmp31/CpG-ODN/Coa-ASC16 injected subcutaneously did not induce higher IgG antibody levels compared to BLSOmp31 alone or BLSOmp31/CpG-ODN but it did stimulate a mixed immune Th1-Th2 response with the highest levels of IFN-ɣ and conferred significant protection against the B. ovis challenge. Although ocular instillation of BLSOmp31/CpG-ODN/Coa-ASC16 showed a similar degree of protection compared to the parenteral route (3.66 and 3.60 logs of protection, respectively), it induced lower levels in serum of specific IgG (with mixed IgG1/IgG2a) and IgA antibodies and, less IFN-ɣ and IL-4 than the subcutaneous route. No antibodies were detected in vaginal lavages or saliva. Fecal antigen-specific IgA was slightly higher in mice immunized with BLSOmp31/CpG-ODN/Coa-ASC16 subcutaneously compared with the ocular route. These results indicate that BLSOmp31/CpG-ODN/Coa-ASC16 was a safe and effective vaccine against B. ovis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Celeste Moran
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Sanidad Animal y Medicina Preventiva (SAMP), Centro de Investigación Veterinaria Tandil (CIVETAN-CONICET-CICPBA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias (FCV), Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Laboratorio de Microbiología Clínica y Experimental, Departamento SAMP, CIVETAN-CONICET-CICPBA., F.C.V, U.N.C.P.B.A., Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Angel Ricardo Bence
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Sanidad Animal y Medicina Preventiva (SAMP), Centro de Investigación Veterinaria Tandil (CIVETAN-CONICET-CICPBA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias (FCV), Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Fisiopatología, F.C.V, U.N.C.P.B.A., Tandil, Buenos Aires., Argentina; Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CICPBA), Argentina
| | - María Fernanda Sánchez Vallecillo
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, CIBICI (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Claudia María Lützelschwab
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, Box 7028, SE-750-07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | - Santiago Daniel Palma
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, UNITEFA (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Belkys Angélica Maletto
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, CIBICI (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Silvia Marcela Estein
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Sanidad Animal y Medicina Preventiva (SAMP), Centro de Investigación Veterinaria Tandil (CIVETAN-CONICET-CICPBA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias (FCV), Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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7
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Aragón-Aranda B, de Miguel MJ, Martínez-Gómez E, Zúñiga-Ripa A, Salvador-Bescós M, Moriyón I, Iriarte M, Muñoz PM, Conde-Álvarez R. Rev1 wbdR tagged vaccines against Brucella ovis. Vet Res 2019; 50:95. [PMID: 31730501 PMCID: PMC6858679 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-019-0714-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sheep brucellosis is a worldwide extended disease caused by B. melitensis and B. ovis, two species respectively carrying smooth or rough lipopolysaccharide. Vaccine B. melitensis Rev1 is used against B. melitensis and B. ovis but induces an anti-smooth-lipopolysaccharide response interfering with B. melitensis serodiagnosis, which precludes its use against B. ovis where B. melitensis is absent. In mice, Rev1 deleted in wbkC (Brucella lipopolysaccharide formyl-transferase) and carrying wbdR (E. coli acetyl-transferase) triggered antibodies that could be differentiated from those evoked by wild-type strains, was comparatively attenuated and protected against B. ovis, suggesting its potential as a B. ovis vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Aragón-Aranda
- Instituto de Salud Tropical (ISTUN), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA) and Dpto. de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad de Navarra, c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - María Jesús de Miguel
- Unidad de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), Av. Montañana 930, 50059, Saragossa, Spain
| | - Estrella Martínez-Gómez
- Instituto de Salud Tropical (ISTUN), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA) and Dpto. de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad de Navarra, c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Amaia Zúñiga-Ripa
- Instituto de Salud Tropical (ISTUN), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA) and Dpto. de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad de Navarra, c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miriam Salvador-Bescós
- Instituto de Salud Tropical (ISTUN), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA) and Dpto. de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad de Navarra, c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Moriyón
- Instituto de Salud Tropical (ISTUN), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA) and Dpto. de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad de Navarra, c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maite Iriarte
- Instituto de Salud Tropical (ISTUN), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA) and Dpto. de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad de Navarra, c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Pilar M Muñoz
- Unidad de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), Av. Montañana 930, 50059, Saragossa, Spain
| | - Raquel Conde-Álvarez
- Instituto de Salud Tropical (ISTUN), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA) and Dpto. de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad de Navarra, c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
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8
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Hou H, Liu X, Peng Q. The advances in brucellosis vaccines. Vaccine 2019; 37:3981-3988. [PMID: 31176541 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.05.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Brucellosis is a worldwide zoonosis affecting animal and human health. Till now, there is no effective vaccine licensed for brucellosis in humans. Although M5, H38 and 45/20 vaccines were used to prevent animal brucellosis in the early stages, the currently used animal vaccines are S19, Rev.1, S2, RB51 and SR82. However, these vaccines still have several drawbacks such as residual virulence and interfering conventional serological tests. With the development of DNA recombination technologies and the completion of the sequence of Brucella genome, much research focuses on the search for potential safer and more effective vaccines. Preliminary studies have demonstrated that new vaccines, including genetically engineered attenuated vaccines, subunit vaccines and other potential vaccines, have higher levels of protection, but there are still some problems. In this paper, we briefly review the main vaccines that have been used in controlling the brucellosis for decades and the progress in the development of new brucellosis vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Hou
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Qisheng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
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Osman AY, Saharee AA, Jesse FF, Kadir AA. Comparative experimental study of Brucella melitensis and its lipopolysaccharide in mouse model infected via subcutaneous route of exposure. Microb Pathog 2018; 116:318-327. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Goodwin ZI, Pascual DW. Brucellosis vaccines for livestock. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2016; 181:51-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Lacasta D, Ferrer L, Ramos J, González J, Ortín A, Fthenakis G. Vaccination schedules in small ruminant farms. Vet Microbiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Studies on recombinant glucokinase (r-glk) protein of Brucella abortus as a candidate vaccine molecule for brucellosis. Vaccine 2014; 32:5600-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.07.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Soler-Lloréns P, Gil-Ramírez Y, Zabalza-Baranguá A, Iriarte M, Conde-Álvarez R, Zúñiga-Ripa A, San Román B, Zygmunt MS, Vizcaíno N, Cloeckaert A, Grilló MJ, Moriyón I, López-Goñi I. Mutants in the lipopolysaccharide of Brucella ovis are attenuated and protect against B. ovis infection in mice. Vet Res 2014; 45:72. [PMID: 25029920 PMCID: PMC4107470 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-014-0072-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucella spp. are Gram-negative bacteria that behave as facultative intracellular parasites of a variety of mammals. This genus includes smooth (S) and rough (R) species that carry S and R lipopolysaccharides (LPS), respectively. S-LPS is a virulence factor, and mutants affected in the S-LPS O-polysaccharide (R mutants), core oligosaccharide or both show attenuation. However, B. ovis is naturally R and is virulent in sheep. We studied the role of B. ovis LPS in virulence by mutating the orthologues of wadA, wadB and wadC, three genes known to encode LPS core glycosyltransferases in S brucellae. When mapped with antibodies to outer membrane proteins (Omps) and R-LPS, wadB and wadC mutants displayed defects in LPS structure and outer membrane topology but inactivation of wadA had little or no effect. Consistent with these observations, the wadB and wadC but not the wadA mutants were attenuated in mice. When tested as vaccines, the wadB and wadC mutants protected mice against B. ovis challenge. The results demonstrate that the LPS core is a structure essential for survival in vivo not only of S brucellae but also of a naturally R Brucella pathogenic species, and they confirm our previous hypothesis that the Brucella LPS core is a target for vaccine development. Since vaccine B. melitensis Rev 1 is S and thus interferes in serological testing for S brucellae, wadB mutant represents a candidate vaccine to be evaluated against B. ovis infection of sheep suitable for areas free of B. melitensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Soler-Lloréns
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología and Instituto de Salud Tropical, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, 31008, Spain
| | - Yolanda Gil-Ramírez
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología and Instituto de Salud Tropical, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, 31008, Spain
| | - Ana Zabalza-Baranguá
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (CSIC-Universidad Pública de Navarra-Gobierno de Navarra), Pamplona, 31006, Spain
| | - Maite Iriarte
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología and Instituto de Salud Tropical, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, 31008, Spain
| | - Raquel Conde-Álvarez
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología and Instituto de Salud Tropical, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, 31008, Spain
| | - Amaia Zúñiga-Ripa
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología and Instituto de Salud Tropical, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, 31008, Spain
| | - Beatriz San Román
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (CSIC-Universidad Pública de Navarra-Gobierno de Navarra), Pamplona, 31006, Spain
| | - Michel S Zygmunt
- INRA, UMR1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, Nouzilly, F-37380, France
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, Tours, F-37000, France
| | - Nieves Vizcaíno
- Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca, and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Axel Cloeckaert
- INRA, UMR1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, Nouzilly, F-37380, France
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, Tours, F-37000, France
| | - María-Jesús Grilló
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (CSIC-Universidad Pública de Navarra-Gobierno de Navarra), Pamplona, 31006, Spain
| | - Ignacio Moriyón
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología and Instituto de Salud Tropical, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, 31008, Spain
| | - Ignacio López-Goñi
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología and Instituto de Salud Tropical, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, 31008, Spain
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Sancho P, Tejedor C, Sidhu-Muñoz RS, Fernández-Lago L, Vizcaíno N. Evaluation in mice of Brucella ovis attenuated mutants for use as live vaccines against B. ovis infection. Vet Res 2014; 45:61. [PMID: 24898325 PMCID: PMC4057616 DOI: 10.1186/1297-9716-45-61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucella ovis causes ram contagious epididymitis, a disease for which a specific vaccine is lacking. Attenuated Brucella melitensis Rev 1, used as vaccine against ovine and caprine brucellosis caused by B. melitensis, is also considered the best vaccine available for the prophylaxis of B. ovis infection, but its use for this purpose has serious drawbacks. In this work, two previously characterized B. ovis attenuated mutants (Δomp25d and Δomp22) were evaluated in mice, in comparison with B. melitensis Rev 1, as vaccines against B. ovis. Similarities, but also significant differences, were found regarding the immune response induced by the three vaccines. Mice vaccinated with the B. ovis mutants developed anti-B. ovis antibodies in serum of the IgG1, IgG2a and IgG2b subclasses and their levels were higher than those observed in Rev 1-vaccinated mice. After an antigen stimulus with B. ovis cells, splenocytes obtained from all vaccinated mice secreted similar levels of TNF-α and IL12(p40) and remarkably high amounts of IFN-γ, a crucial cytokine in protective immunity against other Brucella species. By contrast, IL-1α -an enhancer of T cell responses to antigen- was present at higher levels in mice vaccinated with the B. ovis mutants, while IL-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine, was significantly more abundant in Rev 1-vaccinated mice. Additionally, the B. ovis mutants showed appropriate persistence, limited splenomegaly and protective efficacy against B. ovis similar to that observed with B. melitensis Rev 1. These characteristics encourage their evaluation in the natural host as homologous vaccines for the specific prophylaxis of B. ovis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Nieves Vizcaíno
- Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Edificio Departamental, Universidad de Salamanca, Plaza Doctores de la Reina s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
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Sánchez-Martínez M, Da Costa Martins R, Quincoces G, Gamazo C, Caicedo C, Irache J, Peñuelas I. Radiolabeling and biodistribution studies of polymeric nanoparticles as adjuvants for ocular vaccination against brucellosis. Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.remnie.2013.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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[Radiolabeling and biodistribution studies of polymeric nanoparticles as adjuvants for ocular vaccination against brucellosis]. Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol 2013; 32:92-7. [PMID: 23332663 DOI: 10.1016/j.remn.2012.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Revised: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To optimize radiolabeling with (99m)Tc of mannosylated Gantrez(®) nanoparticles loaded with the Brucella Ovis antigen (Man-NP-HS) and to carry out biodistribution studies in mice after ocular administration of the nanoparticles. MATERIAL AND METHODS Man-NP-HS nanoparticles were prepared by the solvent displacement method. They were purified, lyophilized and characterized. Following this, they were radiolabeled with 74 MBq of (99m)TcO4(-) previously reduced with an acidic stannous chloride solution, working in absence of oxygen and at a final pH of 4. Radiolabeling yield was evaluated by TLC. Biodistribution studies were carried out in mice after ocular administration of the formulation and control of free (99m)TcO4(-). To do so, the animals were humanely killed at 2 and 24hours after the ocular administration and activity in organs was measured in a Gamma counter. RESULTS Radiolabeling yield obtained was greater than 90%. Biodistribution studies of (99m)Tc-Man-NP-HS showed radioactivity accumulated at 2 and 24hours in nasal and ocular mucosa and gastrointestinal tract, in contrast to biodistribution of free (99m)TcO4(-) that remained concentrated in the skin around the eye and gastrointestinal tract. CONCLUSION Biodistribution studies of (99m)Tc-Man-NP-HS after ocular instillation have made it possible to demonstrate its biodistribution in nasal mucosa and gastrointestinal tract. This characteristic is essential as an antigenic delivery system throughout the ocular mucosa. This, together with its elevated immune response, effective protection and intrinsic avirulence make them a suitable anti-Brucella vaccine candidate.
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YANG X, SKYBERG JA, CAO L, CLAPP B, THORNBURG T, PASCUAL DW. Progress in Brucella vaccine development. FRONTIERS IN BIOLOGY 2013; 8:60-77. [PMID: 23730309 PMCID: PMC3666581 DOI: 10.1007/s11515-012-1196-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2011] [Accepted: 01/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Brucella spp. are zoonotic, facultative intracellular pathogens, which cause animal and human disease. Animal disease results in abortion of fetuses; in humans, it manifests flu-like symptoms with an undulant fever, with osteoarthritis as a common complication of infection. Antibiotic regimens for human brucellosis patients may last several months and are not always completely effective. While there are no vaccines for humans, several licensed live Brucella vaccines are available for use in livestock. The performance of these animal vaccines is dependent upon the host species, dose, and route of immunization. Newly engineered live vaccines, lacking well-defined virulence factors, retain low residual virulence, are highly protective, and may someday replace currently used animal vaccines. These also have possible human applications. Moreover, due to their enhanced safety and efficacy in animal models, subunit vaccines for brucellosis show great promise for their application in livestock and humans. This review summarizes the progress of brucellosis vaccine development and presents an overview of candidate vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghong YANG
- Department of Immunology & Infectious Diseases, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717-3610, USA
| | - Jerod A. SKYBERG
- Department of Immunology & Infectious Diseases, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717-3610, USA
| | - Ling CAO
- Department of Immunology & Infectious Diseases, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717-3610, USA
| | - Beata CLAPP
- Department of Immunology & Infectious Diseases, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717-3610, USA
| | - Theresa THORNBURG
- Department of Immunology & Infectious Diseases, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717-3610, USA
| | - David W. PASCUAL
- Department of Immunology & Infectious Diseases, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717-3610, USA
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Rebouças JDS, Irache JM, Camacho AI, Esparza I, del Pozo V, Sanz ML, Ferrer M, Gamazo C. Development of poly(anhydride) nanoparticles loaded with peanut proteins: The influence of preparation method on the immunogenic properties. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2012; 82:241-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2012.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2012] [Revised: 05/31/2012] [Accepted: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Da Costa Martins R, Gamazo C, Sánchez-Martínez M, Barberán M, Peñuelas I, Irache JM. Conjunctival vaccination against Brucella ovis in mice with mannosylated nanoparticles. J Control Release 2012; 162:553-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Revised: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 07/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Martins RDC, Irache JM, Gamazo C. Acellular vaccines for ovine brucellosis: a safer alternative against a worldwide disease. Expert Rev Vaccines 2012; 11:87-95. [PMID: 22149711 DOI: 10.1586/erv.11.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Ovine brucellosis is a very contagious zoonotic disease distributed worldwide and constitutes a very important zoosanitary and economic problem. The control of the disease includes animal vaccination and slaughter of infected flocks. However, the commercially available vaccine in most countries is based on the attenuated strain Brucella melitensis Rev 1, which presents important safety drawbacks. This review is focused on the most recent and promising acellular vaccine proposals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Da Costa Martins
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea, 1 31008-Pamplona, Spain
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Grilló MJ, Blasco JM, Gorvel JP, Moriyón I, Moreno E. What have we learned from brucellosis in the mouse model? Vet Res 2012; 43:29. [PMID: 22500859 PMCID: PMC3410789 DOI: 10.1186/1297-9716-43-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Accepted: 04/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is a zoonosis caused by Brucella species. Brucellosis research in natural hosts is often precluded by practical, economical and ethical reasons and mice are widely used. However, mice are not natural Brucella hosts and the course of murine brucellosis depends on bacterial strain virulence, dose and inoculation route as well as breed, genetic background, age, sex and physiological statu of mice. Therefore, meaningful experiments require a definition of these variables. Brucella spleen replication profiles are highly reproducible and course in four phases: i), onset or spleen colonization (first 48 h); ii), acute phase, from the third day to the time when bacteria reach maximal numbers; iii), chronic steady phase, where bacterial numbers plateaus; and iv), chronic declining phase, during which brucellae are eliminated. This pattern displays clear physiopathological signs and is sensitive to small virulence variations, making possible to assess attenuation when fully virulent bacteria are used as controls. Similarly, immunity studies using mice with known defects are possible. Mutations affecting INF-γ, TLR9, Myd88, Tγδ and TNF-β favor Brucella replication; whereas IL-1β, IL-18, TLR4, TLR5, TLR2, NOD1, NOD2, GM-CSF, IL/17r, Rip2, TRIF, NK or Nramp1 deficiencies have no noticeable effects. Splenomegaly development is also useful: it correlates with IFN-γ and IL-12 levels and with Brucella strain virulence. The genetic background is also important: Brucella-resistant mice (C57BL) yield lower splenic bacterial replication and less splenomegaly than susceptible breeds. When inoculum is increased, a saturating dose above which bacterial numbers per organ do not augment, is reached. Unlike many gram-negative bacteria, lethal doses are large (≥ 108 bacteria/mouse) and normally higher than the saturating dose. Persistence is a useful virulence/attenuation index and is used in vaccine (Residual Virulence) quality control. Vaccine candidates are also often tested in mice by determining splenic Brucella numbers after challenging with appropriate virulent brucellae doses at precise post-vaccination times. Since most live or killed Brucella vaccines provide some protection in mice, controls immunized with reference vaccines (S19 or Rev1) are critical. Finally, mice have been successfully used to evaluate brucellosis therapies. It is concluded that, when used properly, the mouse is a valuable brucellosis model.
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Affiliation(s)
- María-Jesús Grilló
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, CSIC-UPNA-Gobierno de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - José María Blasco
- Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria (CITA) de Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jean Pierre Gorvel
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, Faculté de Sciences de Luminy, Luminy, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U631, Marseille, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR6102, Marseille, France
| | - Ignacio Moriyón
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Tropical, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Edgardo Moreno
- Programa de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
- Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
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An overview on the field of micro- and nanotechnologies for synthetic Peptide-based vaccines. JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY 2011; 2011:181646. [PMID: 21773041 PMCID: PMC3134826 DOI: 10.1155/2011/181646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2010] [Accepted: 04/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The development of synthetic peptide-based vaccines has many advantages in comparison with vaccines based on live attenuated organisms, inactivated or killed organism, or toxins. Peptide-based vaccines cannot revert to a virulent form, allow a better conservation, and are produced more easily and safely. However, they generate a weaker immune response than other vaccines, and the inclusion of adjuvants and/or the use of vaccine delivery systems is almost always needed. Among vaccine delivery systems, micro- and nanoparticulated ones are attractive, because their particulate nature can increase cross-presentation of the peptide. In addition, they can be passively or actively targeted to antigen presenting cells. Furthermore, particulate adjuvants are able to directly activate innate immune system in vivo. Here, we summarize micro- and nanoparticulated vaccine delivery systems used in the field of synthetic peptide-based vaccines as well as strategies to increase their immunogenicity.
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Poly(anhydride) nanoparticles act as active Th1 adjuvants through Toll-like receptor exploitation. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2010; 17:1356-62. [PMID: 20631332 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00164-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms that underlie the potent Th1-adjuvant capacity of poly(methyl vinyl ether-co-maleic anhydride) nanoparticles (NPs) were investigated. Traditionally, polymer NPs have been considered delivery systems that promote a closer interaction between antigen and antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Our results revealed that poly(anhydride) NPs also act as agonists of various Toll-like receptors (TLRs) (TLR2, -4, and -5), triggering a Th1-profile cytokine release (gamma interferon [IFN-gamma], 478 pg/ml versus 39.6 pg/ml from negative control; interleukin-12 [IL-12], 40 pg/ml versus 7.2 pg/ml from negative control) and, after incubation with dendritic cells, inducing a 2.5- to 3.5-fold increase of CD54 and CD86 costimulatory molecule expression. Furthermore, in vivo studies suggest that NPs actively elicit a CD8(+) T-cell response. Immunization with empty NPs resulted in a significant delay in the mean survival date (from day 7 until day 23 postchallenge) and a protection level of 30% after challenge against a lethal dose of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis. Taken together, our results provide a better understanding of how NPs act as active Th1 adjuvants in immunoprophylaxis and immunotherapy through TLR exploitation.
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