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Huang Y, Lin X, Yu S, Chen R, Chen W. Intestinal Engineered Probiotics as Living Therapeutics: Chassis Selection, Colonization Enhancement, Gene Circuit Design, and Biocontainment. ACS Synth Biol 2022; 11:3134-3153. [PMID: 36094344 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.2c00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal probiotics are often used for the in situ treatment of diseases, such as metabolic disorders, tumors, and chronic inflammatory infections. Recently, there has been an increased emphasis on intelligent, customized treatments with a focus on long-term efficacy; however, traditional probiotic therapy has not kept up with this trend. The use of synthetic biology to construct gut-engineered probiotics as live therapeutics is a promising avenue in the treatment of specific diseases, such as phenylketonuria and inflammatory bowel disease. These studies generally involve a series of fundamental design issues: choosing an engineered chassis, improving the colonization ability of engineered probiotics, designing functional gene circuits, and ensuring the safety of engineered probiotics. In this review, we summarize the relevant past research, the progress of current research, and discuss the key issues that restrict the widespread application of intestinal engineered probiotic living therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- Team SZU-China at iGEM 2021, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xiaojun Lin
- Team SZU-China at iGEM 2021, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Siyang Yu
- Team SZU-China at iGEM 2021, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Ruiyue Chen
- Team SZU-China at iGEM 2021, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Weizhao Chen
- Team SZU-China at iGEM 2021, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Microbial Gene Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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2
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Levit R, Cortes-Perez NG, de Moreno de Leblanc A, Loiseau J, Aucouturier A, Langella P, LeBlanc JG, Bermúdez-Humarán LG. Use of genetically modified lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria as live delivery vectors for human and animal health. Gut Microbes 2022; 14:2110821. [PMID: 35960855 PMCID: PMC9377234 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2110821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
There is now strong evidence to support the interest in using lactic acid bacteria (LAB)in particular, strains of lactococci and lactobacilli, as well as bifidobacteria, for the development of new live vectors for human and animal health purposes. LAB are Gram-positive bacteria that have been used for millennia in the production of fermented foods. In addition, numerous studies have shown that genetically modified LAB and bifodobacteria can induce a systemic and mucosal immune response against certain antigens when administered mucosally. They are therefore good candidates for the development of new mucosal delivery strategies and are attractive alternatives to vaccines based on attenuated pathogenic bacteria whose use presents health risks. This article reviews the most recent research and advances in the use of LAB and bifidobacteria as live delivery vectors for human and animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Levit
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), Chacabuco 145, (T4000ILC) San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Naima G. Cortes-Perez
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR 0496, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Alejandra de Moreno de Leblanc
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), Chacabuco 145, (T4000ILC) San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Jade Loiseau
- Micalis Institute, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Anne Aucouturier
- Micalis Institute, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Philippe Langella
- Micalis Institute, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Jean Guy LeBlanc
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), Chacabuco 145, (T4000ILC) San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Luis G. Bermúdez-Humarán
- Micalis Institute, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France,CONTACT Luis G. Bermúdez-Humarán Micalis Institute, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
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3
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Abstract
The steadfast advance of the synthetic biology field has enabled scientists to use genetically engineered cells, instead of small molecules or biologics, as the basis for the development of novel therapeutics. Cells endowed with synthetic gene circuits can control the localization, timing and dosage of therapeutic activities in response to specific disease biomarkers and thus represent a powerful new weapon in the fight against disease. Here, we conceptualize how synthetic biology approaches can be applied to programme living cells with therapeutic functions and discuss the advantages that they offer over conventional therapies in terms of flexibility, specificity and predictability, as well as challenges for their development. We present notable advances in the creation of engineered cells that harbour synthetic gene circuits capable of biological sensing and computation of signals derived from intracellular or extracellular biomarkers. We categorize and describe these developments based on the cell scaffold (human or microbial) and the site at which the engineered cell exerts its therapeutic function within its human host. The design of cell-based therapeutics with synthetic biology is a rapidly growing strategy in medicine that holds great promise for the development of effective treatments for a wide variety of human diseases.
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Kitagawa K, Tatsumi M, Kato M, Komai S, Doi H, Hashii Y, Katayama T, Fujisawa M, Shirakawa T. An oral cancer vaccine using a Bifidobacterium vector suppresses tumor growth in a syngeneic mouse bladder cancer model. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2021; 22:592-603. [PMID: 34589578 PMCID: PMC8449024 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2021.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy using immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) such as PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors has been well established for various types of cancer. Monotherapy with ICIs, however, can achieve a durable response in only a subset of patients. There is a great unmet need for the ICI-resistant-tumors. Since patients who respond to ICIs should have preexisting antitumor T cell response, combining ICIs with cancer vaccines that forcibly induce an antitumor T cell response is a reasonable strategy. However, the preferred administration sequence of the combination of ICIs and cancer vaccines is unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that combining an oral WT1 cancer vaccine using a Bifidobacterium vector and following anti-PD-1 antibody treatment eliminated tumor growth in a syngeneic mouse model of bladder cancer. This vaccine induced T cell responses specific to multiple WT1 epitopes through the gut immune system. Moreover, in a tumor model poorly responsive to an initial anti-PD-1 antibody, this vaccine alone significantly inhibited the tumor growth, whereas combination with continuous anti-PD-1 antibody could not inhibit the tumor growth. These results suggest that this oral cancer vaccine alone or as an adjunct to anti-PD-1 antibody could provide a novel treatment option for patients with advanced urothelial cancer including bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Kitagawa
- Laboratory of Translational Research for Biologics, Department of Advanced Medical Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Maho Tatsumi
- Laboratory of Translational Research for Biologics, Department of Advanced Medical Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Mako Kato
- Laboratory of Translational Research for Biologics, Department of Advanced Medical Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Shota Komai
- Laboratory of Translational Research for Biologics, Department of Advanced Medical Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Hazuki Doi
- Laboratory of Translational Research for Biologics, Department of Advanced Medical Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Hashii
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takane Katayama
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masato Fujisawa
- Department of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Toshiro Shirakawa
- Laboratory of Translational Research for Biologics, Department of Advanced Medical Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan.,Department of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
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5
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Engineer probiotic bifidobacteria for food and biomedical applications - Current status and future prospective. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 45:107654. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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6
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Sakanaka M, Hansen ME, Gotoh A, Katoh T, Yoshida K, Odamaki T, Yachi H, Sugiyama Y, Kurihara S, Hirose J, Urashima T, Xiao JZ, Kitaoka M, Fukiya S, Yokota A, Lo Leggio L, Abou Hachem M, Katayama T. Evolutionary adaptation in fucosyllactose uptake systems supports bifidobacteria-infant symbiosis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaaw7696. [PMID: 31489370 PMCID: PMC6713505 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw7696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The human gut microbiota established during infancy has persistent effects on health. In vitro studies have suggested that human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) in breast milk promote the formation of a bifidobacteria-rich microbiota in infant guts; however, the underlying molecular mechanism remains elusive. Here, we characterized two functionally distinct but overlapping fucosyllactose transporters (FL transporter-1 and -2) from Bifidobacterium longum subspecies infantis. Fecal DNA and HMO consumption analyses, combined with deposited metagenome data mining, revealed that FL transporter-2 is primarily associated with the bifidobacteria-rich microbiota formation in breast-fed infant guts. Structural analyses of the solute-binding protein (SBP) of FL transporter-2 complexed with 2'-fucosyllactose and 3-fucosyllactose, together with phylogenetic analysis of SBP homologs of both FL transporters, highlight a unique adaptation strategy of Bifidobacterium to HMOs, in which the gain-of-function mutations enable FL transporter-2 to efficiently capture major fucosylated HMOs. Our results provide a molecular insight into HMO-mediated symbiosis and coevolution between bifidobacteria and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikiyasu Sakanaka
- Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi, Ishikawa 921-8836, Japan
| | - Morten Ejby Hansen
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Aina Gotoh
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Katoh
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Keisuke Yoshida
- Next Generation Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co. Ltd., Zama, Kanagawa 252-8583, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Odamaki
- Next Generation Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co. Ltd., Zama, Kanagawa 252-8583, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yachi
- Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi, Ishikawa 921-8836, Japan
| | - Yuta Sugiyama
- Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi, Ishikawa 921-8836, Japan
| | - Shin Kurihara
- Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi, Ishikawa 921-8836, Japan
| | - Junko Hirose
- School of Human Cultures, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone, Shiga 522-8533, Japan
| | - Tadasu Urashima
- Department of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Jin-zhong Xiao
- Next Generation Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co. Ltd., Zama, Kanagawa 252-8583, Japan
| | - Motomitsu Kitaoka
- Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
| | - Satoru Fukiya
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8589, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yokota
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8589, Japan
| | - Leila Lo Leggio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Maher Abou Hachem
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
- Corresponding author. (T.K.); (M.A.H.)
| | - Takane Katayama
- Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi, Ishikawa 921-8836, Japan
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- Corresponding author. (T.K.); (M.A.H.)
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7
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Development of bacteria as diagnostics and therapeutics by genetic engineering. J Microbiol 2019; 57:637-643. [DOI: 10.1007/s12275-019-9105-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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8
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Kitagawa K, Gonoi R, Tatsumi M, Kadowaki M, Katayama T, Hashii Y, Fujisawa M, Shirakawa T. Preclinical Development of a WT1 Oral Cancer Vaccine Using a Bacterial Vector to Treat Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 18:980-990. [PMID: 30824610 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-18-1105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we constructed a recombinant Bifidobacterium longum displaying a partial mouse Wilms' tumor 1 (WT1) protein (B. longum 420) as an oral cancer vaccine using a bacterial vector and demonstrated that oral administration of B. longum 420 significantly inhibited tumor growth compared with the Db126 WT1 peptide vaccine in the TRAMP-C2, mouse castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) syngeneic tumor model. The present study demonstrated that oral administration of 1.0×109 colony-forming units of B. longum 420 induced significantly higher cytotoxicity against TRAMP-C2 cells than intraperitoneal injection of 100 μg of Db126, and the in vivo antitumor activity of B. longum 420 in the TRAMP-C2 tumor model could be augmented by intraperitoneal injections of 250 μg of anti-PD-1 antibody. For the clinical development, we produced the B440 pharmaceutical formulation, which is lyophilized powder of inactivated B. longum 440 displaying the partially modified human WT1 protein. We confirmed that B. longum 440 could induce cellular immunity specific to multiple WT1 epitopes. In a preclinical dosage study, B440 significantly inhibited growth of the TRAMP-C2 tumors compared with that of the control groups (PBS and B. longum not expressing WT1) at all dosages (1, 5, and 10 mg/body of B440). These mouse doses were considered to correspond with practical oral administration doses of 0.2, 1, and 2 g/body for humans. Taken together, these results suggest that the B440 WT1 oral cancer vaccine can be developed as a novel oral immuno-oncology drug to treat CRPC as a monotherapy or as an adjunct to immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Kitagawa
- Division of Advanced Medical Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe, Japan.,Division of Translational Research for Biologics, Department of Internal Medicine Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Reina Gonoi
- Division of Advanced Medical Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe, Japan
| | - Maho Tatsumi
- Division of Advanced Medical Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masahide Kadowaki
- Division of Advanced Medical Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takane Katayama
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Hashii
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Masato Fujisawa
- Department of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Toshiro Shirakawa
- Division of Advanced Medical Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe, Japan. .,Division of Translational Research for Biologics, Department of Internal Medicine Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.,Department of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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9
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Ozdemir T, Fedorec AJ, Danino T, Barnes CP. Synthetic Biology and Engineered Live Biotherapeutics: Toward Increasing System Complexity. Cell Syst 2018; 7:5-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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10
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Shirakawa T, Kitagawa K. Antitumor effect of oral cancer vaccine with Bifidobacterium delivering WT1 protein to gut immune system is superior to WT1 peptide vaccine. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2018; 14:159-162. [PMID: 29048978 PMCID: PMC5791589 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1382787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the revolutionary progress of immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) for cancer immunotherapy, CPIs are effective only in a subset of patients. Combining CPIs and cancer vaccines to achieve better clinical outcomes is a reasonable approach since CPI enhances cancer vaccine-induced tumor-associated antigen (TAA) specific CTL. Among the various TAAs so far identified, WT1 protein is one of the most promising TAAs as a cancer vaccine target. Until now clinical trials of WT1 vaccine have demonstrated only modest clinical efficacy. These WT1 vaccines were based on peptides or dendritic cells (DCs), and there was no oral cancer vaccine. Recently, we developed a WT1 oral cancer vaccine using a recombinant Bifidobacterium displaying WT1 protein, which can efficiently deliver WT1 protein to the gut immune system, and we demonstrated that this oral cancer vaccine had a significant anti-tumor effect in a C1498-WT1 murine leukemia syngeneic tumor model. The WT1 protein displayed in this vaccine consists of about 70% of the WT1 amino acid sequence including multiple known CD4 and CD8 T-cell epitopes of WT1. In this commentary, we introduce our recent data indicating the superior anti-tumor effect of a WT1 oral cancer vaccine delivering WT1 protein to the gut immune system compared to a peptide vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiro Shirakawa
- Division of Advanced Medical Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe, Japan
- Division of Translational Research for Biologics, Department of Internal Medicine Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Koichi Kitagawa
- Division of Translational Research for Biologics, Department of Internal Medicine Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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11
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Kitagawa K, Oda T, Saito H, Araki A, Gonoi R, Shigemura K, Hashii Y, Katayama T, Fujisawa M, Shirakawa T. Development of oral cancer vaccine using recombinant Bifidobacterium displaying Wilms' tumor 1 protein. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2017; 66:787-798. [PMID: 28299466 PMCID: PMC11028424 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-017-1984-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Several types of vaccine-delivering tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) have been developed in basic and clinical research. Wilms' tumor 1 (WT1), identified as a gene responsible for pediatric renal neoplasm, is one of the most promising TAA for cancer immunotherapy. Peptide and dendritic cell-based WT1 cancer vaccines showed some therapeutic efficacy in clinical and pre-clinical studies but as yet no oral WT1 vaccine can be administrated in a simple and easy way. In the present study, we constructed a novel oral cancer vaccine using a recombinant Bifidobacterium longum displaying WT1 protein. B. longum 420 was orally administered into mice inoculated with WT1-expressing tumor cells for 4 weeks to examine anti-tumor effects. To analyze the WT1-specific cellular immune responses to oral B. longum 420, mice splenocytes were isolated and cytokine production and cytotoxic activities were determined. Oral administrations of B. longum 420 significantly inhibited WT1-expressing tumor growth and prolonged survival in mice. Immunohistochemical study and immunological assays revealed that B. longum 420 substantially induced tumor infiltration of CD4+T and CD8+T cells, systemic WT1-specific cytokine production, and cytotoxic activity mediated by WT1-epitope specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes, with no apparent adverse effects. Our novel oral cancer vaccine safely induced WT1-specific cellular immunity via activation of the gut mucosal immune system and achieved therapeutic efficacy with several practical advantages over existing non-oral vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Kitagawa
- Division of Translational Research for Biologics, Department of Internal Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Tsugumi Oda
- Department of International Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Hiroki Saito
- Division of Translational Research for Biologics, Department of Internal Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Ayame Araki
- Department of International Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Reina Gonoi
- Division of Advanced Medical Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Katsumi Shigemura
- Division of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Hashii
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamada-Oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takane Katayama
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Yoshida-honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masato Fujisawa
- Division of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Toshiro Shirakawa
- Division of Translational Research for Biologics, Department of Internal Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan.
- Department of International Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan.
- Division of Advanced Medical Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan.
- Division of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan.
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12
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Kali A. Human Microbiome Engineering: The Future and Beyond. J Clin Diagn Res 2015; 9:DE01-4. [PMID: 26500908 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2015/14946.6570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Microbial flora of skin and mucosal surface are vital component of human biology. Current research indicates that this microbial constellation, rather than being inert commensals, has greater implications in health and disease. They play essential role in metabolism, immunity, inflammation, neuro-endocrine regulation and even moderate host response to cancer. Genetic engineering was a major breakthrough in medical research in 1970's and it opened up newer dimensions in vaccinology, large-scale synthesis of bio-molecule and drug development. Engineering human microbiome is a novel concept. Recombinant DNA technology can be employed to modify the genome of critical components of resident microflora to achieve unprecedented goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunava Kali
- Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & Research Institute , Pondicherry, India
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13
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Hur J, Eo SK, Park SY, Choi Y, Lee JH. Immunological study of an attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium expressing ApxIA, ApxIIA, ApxIIIA and OmpA of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in a mouse model. J Vet Med Sci 2015; 77:1693-6. [PMID: 26227587 PMCID: PMC4710733 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.14-0428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella Typhimurium strain expressing the Actinobacillus
pleuropneumoniae antigens, ApxIA, ApxIIA, ApxIIIA and OmpA, was previously
constructed as a vaccine candidate for porcine pleuropneumonia. This strain was a live
attenuated (∆lon∆cpxR∆asd)Salmonella as a delivery host
and contained a vector containing asd. An immunological study of
lymphocyte proliferation, T-lymphocyte subsets and cytokines in the splenocytes of a mouse
model was carried out after stimulation with the candidate Salmonella
Typhimurium by intranasal inoculation. The splenic lymphocyte proliferation and the levels
of IL-4, IL-6 and IL-12 of the inoculated mice were significantly increased, and the T-
and B-cell populations were also elevated. Collectively, the candidate may efficiently
induce the Th1- and Th2-type immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hur
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, and Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, South Korea
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14
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A Phytase-Based Reporter System for Identification of Functional Secretion Signals in Bifidobacteria. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128802. [PMID: 26086721 PMCID: PMC4472781 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Health-promoting effects have been attributed to a number of Bifidobacterium sp. strains. These effects as well as the ability to colonise the host depend on secreted proteins. Moreover, rational design of protein secretion systems bears the potential for the generation of novel probiotic bifidobacteria with improved health-promoting or therapeutic properties. To date, there is only very limited data on secretion signals of bifidobacteria available. Using in silico analysis, we demonstrate that all bifidobacteria encode the major components of Sec-dependent secretion machineries but only B. longum strains harbour Tat protein translocation systems. A reporter plasmid for secretion signals in bifidobacteria was established by fusing the coding sequence of the signal peptide of a sialidase of Bifidobacterium bifidum S17 to the phytase gene appA of E. coli. The recombinant strain showed increased phytase activity in spent culture supernatants and reduced phytase levels in crude extracts compared to the control indicating efficient phytase secretion. The reporter plasmid was used to screen seven predicted signal peptides in B. bifidum S17 and B. longum E18. The tested signal peptides differed substantially in their efficacy to mediate protein secretion in different host strains. An efficient signal peptide was used for expression and secretion of a therapeutically relevant protein in B. bifidum S17. Expression of a secreted cytosine deaminase led to a 100-fold reduced sensitivity of B. bifidum S17 to 5-fluorocytosine compared to the non-secreted cytosine deaminase suggesting efficient conversion of 5-fluorocytosine to the cytotoxic cancer drug 5-fluorouracil by cytosine deaminase occurred outside the bacterial cell. Selection of appropriate signal peptides for defined protein secretion might improve therapeutic efficacy as well as probiotic properties of bifidobacteria.
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15
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Girard A, Roques E, Massie B, Archambault D. Flagellin in fusion with human rotavirus structural proteins exerts an adjuvant effect when delivered with replicating but non-disseminating adenovectors through the intrarectal route. Mol Biotechnol 2014; 56:394-407. [PMID: 24271565 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-013-9723-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Human rotavirus (HRV) is the worldwide leading cause of gastroenteritis in young children. Two live attenuated HRV vaccines have been approved since 2006. However, these live vaccines still have potential risks including reversion of virulence. Adenoviruses are suitable vectors for mucosal administration of subunit vaccines. In addition to the adjuvant effect of certain adenovirus components, the use of an adjuvant like flagellin is also another means to increase the immune response to the immunogen. The aim of this study was to determine whether flagellin in fusion with HRV structural proteins stimulates the innate immune response and enhances the HRV-specific immune response when delivered through the intrarectal route with replicating but non-disseminating adenovector (R-AdV). Salmonella typhimurium flagellin B (FljB) in fusion with HRV VP4Δ::VP7 protein induced IL-1β production in J774A.1 macrophages exposed to the R-AdV. Intrarectal administration of R-AdVs expressing either VP4Δ::VP7 or VP4Δ::VP7::FljB in BALB/c mice resulted in HRV-specific mixed Th1/Th2 immune responses. The HRV-specific antibody response elicited with the use of R-AdV expressing VP4Δ::VP7::FljB was higher than that with R-AdV expressing VP4Δ::VP7. The results also show that the replication capability of R-AdVs contributed to enhance the HRV-specific immune response as compared with that obtained with non-replicative AdVs. This work lays the foundation for using the R-AdV system and FljB-adjuvanted formulation to elicit a mucosal immune response specific to HRV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Girard
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Québec at Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
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16
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Functional analysis of bifidobacterial promoters in Bifidobacterium longum and Escherichia coli using the α-galactosidase gene as a reporter. J Biosci Bioeng 2014; 118:489-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2014.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 04/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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17
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Takei S, Omoto C, Kitagawa K, Morishita N, Katayama T, Shigemura K, Fujisawa M, Kawabata M, Hotta H, Shirakawa T. Oral administration of genetically modified Bifidobacterium displaying HCV-NS3 multi-epitope fusion protein could induce an HCV-NS3-specific systemic immune response in mice. Vaccine 2014; 32:3066-74. [PMID: 24657718 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
More than 170 million people worldwide are chronic HCV (Hepatitis C virus) carriers, and about 30% of them will develop progressive liver disease, such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. A combination of pegylated interferon-α with ribavirin, the standard treatment for HCV infection, has been effective in fewer than 50% of patients infected with HCV genotype 1. A strong T cell response against the nonstructural protein 3 (NS3) is important for recovery from acute HCV infection, and an early multi-specific CD4+ helper and CD8+ cytotoxic T cell response is critical for HCV clearance. In the present study, we successfully constructed a genetically modified Bifidobacterium longum (B. longum) displaying recombinant HCV-NS3 peptides containing some CD4 and CD8 epitopes located in the HCV-NS3 region as an oral vaccine against chronic HCV infection. The oral administration of this vaccine could induce NS3-specific immune responses in mice through intestinal mucosal immunity. Our findings suggest that this novel oral vaccine has great potential as a novel oral vaccine against chronic HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saki Takei
- Division of Infectious Disease Control, Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Chika Omoto
- Division of Infectious Disease Control, Department of International Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Koichi Kitagawa
- Division of Infectious Disease Control, Department of International Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Naoya Morishita
- Division of Infectious Disease Control, Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takane Katayama
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Katsumi Shigemura
- Department of Surgery Related Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masato Fujisawa
- Department of Surgery Related Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masato Kawabata
- Division of Infectious Disease Control, Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Center for Infectious Diseases, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hak Hotta
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Division of Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Toshiro Shirakawa
- Division of Infectious Disease Control, Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Division of Infectious Disease Control, Department of International Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan; Center for Infectious Diseases, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Department of Surgery Related Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
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18
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Guglielmetti S, Mayo B, Álvarez-Martín P. Mobilome and genetic modification of bifidobacteria. Benef Microbes 2013; 4:143-66. [PMID: 23271067 DOI: 10.3920/bm2012.0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Until recently, proper development of molecular studies in Bifidobacterium species has been hampered by growth difficulties, because of their exigent nutritive requirements, oxygen sensitivity and lack of efficient genetic tools. These studies, however, are critical to uncover the cross-talk between bifidobacteria and their hosts' cells and to prove unequivocally the supposed beneficial effects provided through the endogenous bifidobacterial populations or after ingestion as probiotics. The genome sequencing projects of different bifidobacterial strains have provided a wealth of genetic data that will be of much help in deciphering the molecular basis of the physiological properties of bifidobacteria. To this end, the purposeful development of stable cloning and expression vectors based on robust replicons - either from temperate phages or resident plasmids - is still needed. This review addresses the current knowledge on the mobile genetic elements of bifidobacteria (prophages, plasmids and transposons) and summarises the different types of vectors already available, together with the transformation procedures for introducing DNA into the cells. It also covers recent molecular studies performed with such vectors and incipient results on the genetic modification of these organisms, establishing the basis that would allow the use of bifidobacteria for future biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Guglielmetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Alimentari e Microbiologiche, Sezione di Microbiologia Industriale, Università degli studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
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19
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Ruiz L, Motherway MO, Lanigan N, van Sinderen D. Transposon mutagenesis in Bifidobacterium breve: construction and characterization of a Tn5 transposon mutant library for Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64699. [PMID: 23737995 PMCID: PMC3667832 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacteria are claimed to contribute positively to human health through a range of beneficial or probiotic activities, including amelioration of gastrointestinal and metabolic disorders, and therefore this particular group of gastrointestinal commensals has enjoyed increasing industrial and scientific attention in recent years. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these probiotic mechanisms are still largely unknown, mainly due to the fact that molecular tools for bifidobacteria are rather poorly developed, with many strains lacking genetic accessibility. In this work, we describe the generation of transposon insertion mutants in two bifidobacterial strains, B. breve UCC2003 and B. breve NCFB2258. We also report the creation of the first transposon mutant library in a bifidobacterial strain, employing B. breve UCC2003 and a Tn5-based transposome strategy. The library was found to be composed of clones containing single transposon insertions which appear to be randomly distributed along the genome. The usefulness of the library to perform phenotypic screenings was confirmed through identification and analysis of mutants defective in D-galactose, D-lactose or pullulan utilization abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Ruiz
- Department of Microbiology and Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland
| | - Mary O’Connell Motherway
- Department of Microbiology and Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland
| | - Noreen Lanigan
- Department of Microbiology and Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland
| | - Douwe van Sinderen
- Department of Microbiology and Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland
- * E-mail:
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20
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Oral immunization of mice using Bifidobacterium longum expressing VP1 protein from enterovirus 71. Arch Virol 2013; 158:1071-7. [PMID: 23275129 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-012-1589-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 11/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bifidobacterium longum is an attractive candidate for delivering biologically active proteins by the mucosal route due to its non-pathogenic and colonizing properties. Enterovirus 71 (EV71) has aroused widespread attention recently due to several epidemics, and great attention should be paid to the fact that there are currently no effective antiviral drugs or vaccines against EV71 infection. In this report, we described a recombinant B. longum that could be used to develop an oral vaccine against EV71 infection. A VP1 expression vector (pBBADs-VP1) was constructed by amplifying the EV71 VP1 gene and inserting it into the E. coli-Bifidobacterium shuttle expression vector pBBAD/Xs. Then, the expression of VP1 protein in pBBADs-VP1-transformed bacteria was demonstrated by western blot. In vivo studies indicated that oral immunization of BALB/c mice with pBBADs-VP1-transformed bacteria induced potent immune responses against EV71 infection, including virus-neutralising titers, anti-EV71-VP1 antibody and the induction of Th1 immune responses in the spleen and Peyer's patches. Importantly, immunization of mother mice with this recombinant VP1-expressing B. longum conferred protection to neonatal mice. These results demonstrate that the novel oral vaccine utilizing B. longum expressing the VP1 protein might successfully elicit a specific immune response against EV71 infection.
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21
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Ninomiya K, Yamada R, Matsumoto M, Fukiya S, Katayama T, Ogino C, Shimizu N. Image analyzing method to evaluate in situ bioluminescence from an obligate anaerobe cultivated under various dissolved oxygen concentrations. J Biosci Bioeng 2012; 115:196-9. [PMID: 23040354 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2012.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Revised: 09/04/2012] [Accepted: 09/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
An image analyzing method was developed to evaluate in situ bioluminescence expression, without exposing the culture sample to the ambient oxygen atmosphere. Using this method, we investigated the effect of dissolved oxygen concentration on bioluminescence from an obligate anaerobe Bifidobacterium longum expressing bacterial luciferase which catalyzes an oxygen-requiring bioluminescent reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuaki Ninomiya
- Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
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22
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Van Pijkeren JP, Neoh KM, Sirias D, Findley AS, Britton RA. Exploring optimization parameters to increase ssDNA recombineering in Lactococcus lactis and Lactobacillus reuteri. Bioengineered 2012; 3:209-17. [PMID: 22750793 PMCID: PMC3476877 DOI: 10.4161/bioe.21049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) recombineering is a technology which is used to make subtle changes in the chromosome of several bacterial genera. Cells which express a single-stranded DNA binding protein (RecT or Bet) are transformed with an oligonucleotide which is incorporated via an annealing and replication-dependent mechanism. By in silico analysis we identified ssDNA binding protein homologs in the genus Lactobacillus and Lactococcus lactis. To assess whether we could further improve the recombineering efficiency in Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC PTA 6475 we expressed several RecT homologs in this strain. RecT derived from Enterococcus faecalis CRMEN 19 yielded comparable efficiencies compared with a native RecT protein, but none of the other proteins further increased the recombineering efficiency. We successfully improved recombineering efficiency 10-fold in L. lactis by increasing oligonucleotide concentration combined with the use of oligonucleotides containing phosphorothioate-linkages (PTOs). Surprisingly, neither increased oligonucleotide concentration nor PTO linkages enhanced recombineering in L. reuteri 6475. To emphasize the utility of this technology in improving probiotic features we modified six bases in a transcriptional regulatory element region of the pdu-operon of L. reuteri 6475, yielding a 3-fold increase in the production of the antimicrobial compound reuterin. Directed genetic modification of lactic acid bacteria through ssDNA recombineering will simplify strain improvement in a way that, when mutating a single base, is genetically indistinguishable from strains obtained through directed evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Peter Van Pijkeren
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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23
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Accessing the inaccessible: molecular tools for bifidobacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol 2012; 78:5035-42. [PMID: 22582076 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00551-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacteria are an important group of the human intestinal microbiota that have been shown to exert a number of beneficial probiotic effects on the health status of their host. Due to these effects, bifidobacteria have attracted strong interest in health care and food industries for probiotic applications and several species are listed as so-called "generally recognized as safe" (GRAS) microorganisms. Moreover, recent studies have pointed out their potential as an alternative or supplementary strategy in tumor therapy or as live vaccines. In order to study the mechanisms by which these organisms exert their beneficial effects and to generate recombinant strains that can be used as drug delivery vectors or live vaccines, appropriate molecular tools are indispensable. This review provides an overview of the currently available methods and tools to generate recombinant strains of bifidobacteria. The currently used protocols for transformation of bifidobacteria, as well as replicons, selection markers, and determinants of expression, will be summarized. We will further discuss promoters, terminators, and localization signals that have been used for successful generation of expression vectors.
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24
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Fukiya S, Hirayama Y, Sakanaka M, Kano Y, Yokota A. Technological advances in bifidobacterial molecular genetics: application to functional genomics and medical treatments. BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA FOOD AND HEALTH 2012; 31:15-25. [PMID: 24936345 PMCID: PMC4034290 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.31.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2011] [Accepted: 01/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bifidobacteria are well known as beneficial intestinal bacteria that exert
health-promoting effects in humans. In addition to physiological and immunological
investigations, molecular genetic technologies have been developed and have recently
started to be applied to clarify the molecular bases of
host-Bifidobacterium interactions. These technologies include
transformation technologies and Escherichia coli-Bifidobacterium shuttle
vectors that enable heterologous gene expression. In this context, a plasmid artificial
modification method that protects the introduced plasmid from the restriction system in
host bifidobacteria has recently been developed to increase transformation efficiency. On
the other hand, targeted gene inactivation systems, which are vital for functional
genomics, seemed far from being practically applicable in bifidobacteria. However,
remarkable progress in this technology has recently been achieved, enabling functional
genomics in bifidobacteria. Integrated use of these molecular genetic technologies with
omics-based analyses will surely boost characterization of the molecular basis underlying
beneficial effects of bifidobacteria. Applications of recombinant bifidobacteria to
medical treatments have also progressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Fukiya
- Laboratory of Microbial Physiology, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8589, Japan
| | - Yosuke Hirayama
- Laboratory of Microbial Physiology, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8589, Japan
| | - Mikiyasu Sakanaka
- Laboratory of Microbial Physiology, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8589, Japan
| | - Yasunobu Kano
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Nakauchi-cho, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yokota
- Laboratory of Microbial Physiology, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8589, Japan
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In vitro inhibition of expression of virulence genes responsible for colonization and systemic spread of enteric pathogens using Bifidobacterium bifidum secreted molecules. Int J Food Microbiol 2012; 156:255-63. [PMID: 22541391 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2012.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Revised: 03/23/2012] [Accepted: 03/31/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Enteric pathogens such as Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli require an initial indispensable step of attachment or invasion of enterocytes before they can produce systemic disease and translocate to their target organs. Prevention of either of these steps will result in an avirulent state and limit their pathogenicity. In vitro tests demonstrated that molecules secreted by Bifidobacterium bifidum interfere with both attachment and invasion. The main regulatory genes controlling the virulence factors essential for these pathogenicity steps were efficiently down-regulated when treated with chromatographically separated B. bifidum cell free fractions as measured by reporter constructs and confirmed by RT-PCR. Moreover, the ability of both pathogens to colonize eukaryotic cells was significantly reduced, and the capacity of Salmonella to survive and multiply within macrophages was also diminished upon treatment with these bioactive molecules. These results indicate that probiotic Bifidobacteria strains may represent an effective alternative approach to control food-borne enteric pathogens.
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26
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Goh YL, He H, March JC. Engineering commensal bacteria for prophylaxis against infection. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2012; 23:924-30. [PMID: 22459613 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2012.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases are the leading causes of death worldwide. The development of efficient and low cost prophylactics to prevent pathogenic infection is given high priority in the twenty-first century. Commensal bacteria are largely seen as harmless and can survive symbiotically (in many cases) in niches throughout the human body. Advances in genetic engineering and understanding of pathogenesis have revealed many potential strategies to develop engineered bacteria for prophylaxis purposes: including live vaccines and anti-infective agents. In this review, we discuss recent advances and potentialities of prophylaxis with engineered bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yih-Lin Goh
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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27
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Recombinant lactic acid bacteria as mucosal biotherapeutic agents. Trends Biotechnol 2011; 29:499-508. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2011.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2011] [Revised: 05/05/2011] [Accepted: 05/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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