Mendez-Dominguez NI, Bobadilla-Rosado LO, Fajardo-Ruiz LS, Camara-Salazar A, Gomez-Carro S. Influenza in Yucatan in 2018: Chronology, characteristics and outcomes of ambulatory and hospitalized patients.
Braz J Infect Dis 2019;
23:358-362. [PMID:
31560880 PMCID:
PMC9427948 DOI:
10.1016/j.bjid.2019.08.009]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction
Influenza season is expected between October and February in the northern hemisphere, including Mexico. Previous studies suggested that transmission peak may occur earlier in Yucatan, a state in southeast Mexico.
Objectives
(a) Describe the seasonality of 2018 influenza cases seen at O´Horan hospital, statewide, and nationwide; (b) analyze the characteristics, clinical manifestations and outcomes of ambulatory and hospitalized patients; (c) analyze fatal outcomes occurrence among vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals.
Methods
Retrospective analytic cohort of all confirmed influenza cases assisted at O´Horan hospital during 2018, along with a chronologic graphic description of the statewide epidemic curve from the epidemiological surveillance registries.
Results
A total of 264 influenza cases were analyzed; 145 (55%) were female; 26% were vaccinated. Health workers and unvaccinated individuals were more prone to develop severe cases. Dyspnea and tachypnea were strong predictors of hospitalization; headache, myalgias, arthralgias and rhinorrhea correlated inversely. 236 (89.47%) cases occurred in July and 22 of the 23 deaths occurred before October. No fatal outcomes were observed among vaccinated individuals. Influenza AH1N1 represented 83.6% of serotyped cases.
Discussion
Onset of influenza season in Yucatan may reflect a need for rethinking timing of vaccination and of preventive campaigns, as most cases occurred before vaccination period.
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