1
|
Khawaja F, Angelidakis G, Feldman A, Ravi V, Woodman E, Bhatti M, Ariza‐Heredia E, Elhajj P, Spallone A, Jiang Y, Chemaly RF. COVID-19 in cancer patients: The impact of vaccination on outcomes early in the pandemic. Cancer Med 2023; 12:22006-22022. [PMID: 38063366 PMCID: PMC10757141 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the rapid evolution of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, the development of effective and safe vaccines was of utmost importance to protect vulnerable individuals, including cancer patients. Studies comparing the clinical outcomes of cancer patients with or without vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have not demonstrated clear benefit. We aimed to determine the protective effects of COVID-19 vaccination by comparing vaccinated and unvaccinated cancer patients after the initial phase of vaccine roll-out and to identify risk factors associated with hospitalization, severe COVID-19, and 30-day COVID-19 attributable mortality. METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study of cancer patients with COVID-19 diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction on nasal swabs between January 1, 2021 and July 30, 2021. Outcomes of interest included hospitalization, severe COVID-19, and 30-day COVID-19 attributable mortality. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors associated with clinical outcomes, using vaccination status as a variable of interest in all models. RESULTS Key risk factors, such as age ≥ 60 years; comorbidities including diabetes mellitus, heart failure, and lung diseases; and specific cancer types (leukemia and lymphoma) were independently associated with hospital admission for COVID-19, severe COVID-19, and 30-day COVID-19 attributable mortality in cancer patients regardless of their vaccination status. Vaccinated patients were protected against severe COVID-19 but with no impact on hospitalization or mortality due to COVID-19. CONCLUSION Our study highlights a significant benefit of COVID-19 vaccination for cancer patients-specifically its protection against severe COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fareed Khawaja
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee HealthThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Georgios Angelidakis
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee HealthThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Adina Feldman
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee HealthThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Vinod Ravi
- Data‐Driven Determinants for COVID‐19 Oncology Discovery Effort (D3CODE) TeamThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer MedicineThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Eric Woodman
- Data‐Driven Determinants for COVID‐19 Oncology Discovery Effort (D3CODE) TeamThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Division of Cancer MedicineThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Micah Bhatti
- Department of Laboratory MedicineThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Ella Ariza‐Heredia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee HealthThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Peter Elhajj
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee HealthThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Amy Spallone
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee HealthThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Ying Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee HealthThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Roy F. Chemaly
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee HealthThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hajikarimloo B, Fahim F, Sabbagh Alvani M, Oveisi S, Zali A, Anvari H, Oraee-Yazdani S. Management of Glioblastoma Multiforme During the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Pandemic: A Review of the Literature. World Neurosurg 2023; 178:87-92. [PMID: 37429378 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.05.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and other patients with cancer are at a greater risk of developing severe complications as a result of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Therefore, it is crucial to adjust therapeutic approaches to reduce exposure and complications and achieve the most appropriate treatment outcomes. OBJECTIVE Our goal was to help physicians to make decisions based on the latest data in the literature. METHOD We provide a comprehensive review of the literature on the current issues of GBM and COVID-19 infection. RESULTS The mortality of patients with diffuse glioma as a result of COVID-19 infection was 39%, which is higher than in the general population. The statistics showed that 84.5% of patients with diagnosed brain cancer (mostly GBM) and 89.9% of their caregivers received COVID-19 vaccines. The decision to apply different therapeutic approaches must be made individually based on age, tumor grade, molecular profile, and performance status. The advantages and disadvantages of adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy after the surgery should be evaluated carefully. In the setting of the follow-up period, special considerations must be considered to minimize COVID-19 exposure. CONCLUSIONS The pandemic altered medical approaches worldwide, and the management of patients in an immunocompromised state, such as patients with GBM, is challenging; therefore, special considerations must be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bardia Hajikarimloo
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzan Fahim
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadamin Sabbagh Alvani
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayeh Oveisi
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Zali
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Anvari
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Oraee-Yazdani
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ottaiano A, Santorsola M, Circelli L, Cascella M, Petrillo N, Perri F, Casillo M, Granata V, Ianniello M, Izzo F, Picone C, Correra M, Petrillo A, Sirica R, Misso G, Delrio P, Nasti G, Savarese G, Caraglia M. Genetic landscape of colorectal cancer patients manifesting tumor shrinkage during SARS-Cov-2 infection. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2022; 14:17588359221138388. [PMCID: PMC9742504 DOI: 10.1177/17588359221138388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously described three patients affected by metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) who experienced spontaneous tumour shrinkage during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Thereafter, the patients were closely monitored and no systemic treatments were applied. Here, we report follow-up clinical information about these patients as well as genetic characterization of their primary tumours through the TruSigt™Oncology 500 Next Generation Sequencing test targeting 523 cancer-relevant genes. An Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform was used to perform sequencing. Time-to-progression was 23 and 2 months, respectively, in Patients 2 and 3 while it was not reached in Patient 1. Patients 1 and 2 had the greatest anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG titres. Assessment of genetic landscapes evidenced common mutation in BARD1 gene (p.Val507Met) in Patients 1 and 2. Although our report is descriptive in its nature, we suggest that complex and unexplored interactions between genetic background and components of the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection could be responsible of unexpected rare mCRC shrinkage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marco Cascella
- Unit of Anestesiology and Pain Therapy, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Naples, Italy
| | - Nadia Petrillo
- AMES, Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale, Casalnuovo Di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Perri
- Medical and Experimental Head and Neck Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Naples, Italy
| | - Marika Casillo
- AMES, Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale, Casalnuovo Di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenza Granata
- Department of Radiology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Naples, Italy
| | - Monica Ianniello
- AMES, Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale, Casalnuovo Di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Izzo
- Hepato-Biliary Surgey Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmine Picone
- Department of Radiology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Correra
- Department of Radiology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Petrillo
- Department of Radiology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Sirica
- AMES, Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale, Casalnuovo Di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Misso
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Delrio
- Colorectal Surgical Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Naples, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Nasti
- SSD-Innovative Therapies for Abdominal Metastases, Department of Abdominal Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Naples, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Limpawittayakul P, Sungkasubun P, Chaiwiriyawong W, Supavavej A, Weerasubpong B, Siripaibun J, Phanthunane C, Lamlertthon W, Ungtrakul T, Tawinprai K, Tantiyavarong W, Samdaengpan C. Immunogenicity evaluation of ChAdox1 nCov-19 (AZD1222) vaccine in solid cancer patients in Chulabhorn Hospital. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2104058. [PMID: 35976687 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2104058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer patients are more vulnerable to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) owing to their compromised immune status. However, data regarding COVID-19 vaccine safety and immune response in cancer patients are scarce. METHOD This prospective, age- and sex-matched, single-center cohort study included 61 cancer patients and 122 healthy control participants. Seropositivity was defined as anti-S IgG titer >0.8 units/ml. Primary end point was seroconversion rate of immunoglobulin (Ig)G antibodies against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike (S) protein (anti-S IgG) in cancer patients vs. healthy control participants following the second dose of COVID-19 vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222). RESULTS After the second-dose vaccination, there was no difference in seropositivity rate between groups (57 [93.44%] patients with cancer vs. 121 [99.18%] control participants; geometric mean ratio [GMR]: 0.39; 95%CI: 0.01-10.46; p-value = 0.571). In contrast, after the first-dose vaccination, the seropositivity rate was significantly lower in the cancer patients than in the control participants (50/61 [81.97%] vs. 121/122 [99.18%]; GMR: 0.07; 95%CI: 0.01-0.71; p = 0.025). The median anti-S IgG titer after the first-and second dose vaccination were not significantly different between groups. Female sex was significantly associated with a higher anti-S IgG titer. 5FU- and taxane-based chemotherapy regimens were associated with a lower IgG titer. Side effects of vaccination were tolerable. CONCLUSIONS The anti-S IgG seropositivity rate after completing the second vaccine dose did not differ between the cancer patients and control participants. However, the anti-S IgG seropositivity rate after the first-dose vaccination was lower in cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piyarat Limpawittayakul
- Division of Medical Oncology, Chulabhorn Hospital, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prakongboon Sungkasubun
- Division of Medical Oncology, Chulabhorn Hospital, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Worawit Chaiwiriyawong
- Division of Medical Oncology, Chulabhorn Hospital, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Archara Supavavej
- Division of Medical Oncology, Chulabhorn Hospital, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Bowon Weerasubpong
- Division of Medical Oncology, Chulabhorn Hospital, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jomtana Siripaibun
- Division of Medical Oncology, Chulabhorn Hospital, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chumut Phanthunane
- Division of Medical Oncology, Chulabhorn Hospital, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wisut Lamlertthon
- Princess Srisavangavadhana College of Medicine, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Teerapat Ungtrakul
- Princess Srisavangavadhana College of Medicine, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kriangkrai Tawinprai
- Department of Medicine, Chulabhorn Hospital, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Walaipan Tantiyavarong
- Division of Medical Oncology, Chulabhorn Hospital, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chayanee Samdaengpan
- Division of Medical Oncology, Chulabhorn Hospital, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
MicroRNAs as Potential Tools for Predicting Cancer Patients’ Susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Vaccination Response. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152279. [PMID: 35892576 PMCID: PMC9332853 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease that is caused by a highly contagious and severe acute respiratory syndrome—coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This infection started to spread across the world in 2019 and rapidly turned into a global pandemic, causing an urgent necessity for treatment strategies development. The mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 can trigger an immune response, providing genetic information that allows the production of spike glycoproteins. MiRNAs play a crucial role in diverse key cellular processes, including antiviral defense. Several miRNAs are described as key factors in SARS-CoV-2 human infection through the regulation of ACE2 levels and by the inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 replication and spike expression. Consequently, these molecules have been considered as highly promising biomarkers. In numerous human malignancies, it has been recognized that miRNAs expression is dysregulated. Since miRNAs can target SARS-CoV-2-associated mRNAs, in cancer patients, the deregulation of these molecules can impair the immune response to the vaccines. Therefore, in this review, we propose a miRNA profile of seven SARS-CoV-2-related miRNAs, namely miR-214, miR-98-5p, miR-7-5p, miR-24-3p, miR-145-5p, miR-223-3p and miR-15b-5p, that are deregulated in a high number of cancers and have the potential to be used as prognostic biomarkers to stratify cancer patients.
Collapse
|
6
|
Voisin MR, Oliver K, Farrimond S, Chee T, O’Halloran P, Glas M, Arzbaecher J, Kruchko C, Maher ME, Tse C, Cashman R, Daniels M, Mungoshi C, Lamb S, Granero A, Lovely M, Baker J, Payne S, Zadeh G. Brain tumour patients and COVID-19 vaccines: results of an international survey. Neurooncol Adv 2022; 4:vdac063. [PMID: 35707317 PMCID: PMC9129166 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdac063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to unfold, the advent of multiple approved vaccines has led to a milestone in the fight against the virus. While vaccination rates and side effects are well established in the general population, these are largely unknown in patients with brain tumors. The purpose of this study was to determine if brain tumor patients and their caregivers have received a COVID-19 vaccine, and explore their thoughts and opinions on these vaccines. Methods An anonymous 31-question online survey available in 8 languages was conducted from June 30, 2021 to August 31, 2021. The survey was open to adult brain tumor patients over the age of 18 and included both categorical and open-ended questions. Descriptive statistics and modified thematic analyses were performed for all questions as appropriate. Results A total of 965 unique surveys were completed from 42 countries. The vast majority of both brain tumor patients and their caregivers have been vaccinated against COVID-19 (84.5% and 89.9%, respectively). No patient reported serious adverse events from any vaccine. Less than 10% of patients decided against receiving a vaccination against COVID-19, with the most common reason being concerns over the safety of the vaccine. Patients wanted more specific information on how COVID-19 vaccines might impact their future brain tumor treatment. Conclusions In conclusion, the majority of brain tumor patients and their caregivers have received COVID-19 vaccines with no major side effects. Patients want more information on how COVID-19 vaccines might directly impact their brain tumor and future management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathew R Voisin
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kathy Oliver
- International Brain Tumour Alliance (IBTA), Tadworth, UK
| | | | - Tess Chee
- McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Philip O’Halloran
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Neurosurgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Glas
- Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Dept. of Neurology and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany and German Innovation Alliance Cancer & Brain e.V
| | | | - Carol Kruchko
- International Brain Tumour Alliance (IBTA), Tadworth, UK
| | | | - Chris Tse
- International Brain Tumour Alliance (IBTA), Tadworth, UK
| | | | | | | | - Sharon Lamb
- International Brain Tumour Alliance (IBTA), Tadworth, UK
| | - Anita Granero
- International Brain Tumour Alliance (IBTA), Tadworth, UK
| | - Mary Lovely
- International Brain Tumour Alliance (IBTA), Tadworth, UK
| | - Jenifer Baker
- International Brain Tumour Alliance (IBTA), Tadworth, UK
| | - Sally Payne
- International Brain Tumour Alliance (IBTA), Tadworth, UK
| | - Gelareh Zadeh
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|