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Majumder S, Das S, Li P, Yang N, Dellario H, Sui H, Guan Z, Sun W. Pneumonic Plague Protection Induced by a Monophosphoryl Lipid A Decorated Yersinia Outer-Membrane-Vesicle Vaccine. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307066. [PMID: 38009518 PMCID: PMC11009084 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
A new Yersinia pseudotuberculosis mutant strain, YptbS46, carrying the lpxE insertion and pmrF-J deletion is constructed and shown to exclusively produce monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) having adjuvant properties. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) isolated from YptbS46 harboring an lcrV expression plasmid, pSMV13, are designated OMV46-LcrV, which contained MPLA and high amounts of LcrV (Low Calcium response V) and displayed low activation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Intramuscular prime-boost immunization with 30 µg of of OMV46-LcrV exhibited substantially reduced reactogenicity than the parent OMV44-LcrV and conferred complete protection to mice against a high-dose of respiratory Y. pestis challenge. OMV46-LcrV immunization induced robust adaptive responses in both lung mucosal and systemic compartments and orchestrated innate immunity in the lung, which are correlated with rapid bacterial clearance and unremarkable lung damage during Y. pestis challenge. Additionally, OMV46-LcrV immunization conferred long-term protection. Moreover, immunization with reduced doses of OMV46-LcrV exhibited further lower reactogenicity and still provided great protection against pneumonic plague. The studies strongly demonstrate the feasibility of OMV46-LcrV as a new type of plague vaccine candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saugata Majumder
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Shreya Das
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Nicole Yang
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Hazel Dellario
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, 12237, USA
| | - Haixin Sui
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, 12237, USA
| | - Ziqiang Guan
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
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Freund O, Harish A, Breslavsky A, Wand O, Zacks N, Bilenko N, Bar-Shai A. The humoral response to COVID-19 vaccinations can predict the booster effect on health care workers-toward personalized vaccinations? J Public Health (Oxf) 2024; 46:e78-e83. [PMID: 37872715 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdad198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Waning immunity after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccinations creates the constant need of boosters. Predicting individual responses to booster vaccines can help in its timely administration. We hypothesized that the humoral response to the first two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine can predict the response to the booster vaccine. METHODS A prospective cohort of hospital health care workers (HCW) that received three doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine. Participants completed serological tests at 1 and 6 months after the second vaccine dose and 1 month after the third. We analyzed predictive factors of antibody levels after the booster using multivariate regression analyses. RESULTS From 289 eligible HCW, 89 (31%) completed the follow-up. Mean age was 48 (±10) and 46 (52%) had daily interaction with patients. The mean (±standard deviation) antibody level 1 month after the second vaccine was 223 (±59) AU/ml, and 31 (35%) had a rapid antibody decline (>50%) in 6 months. Low antibody levels 1 month after the second vaccine and a rapid antibody decline were independent predictors of low antibody levels after the booster vaccine. CONCLUSIONS The characteristics of the humoral response to COVID-19 vaccinations show promise in predicting the humoral response to the booster vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ophir Freund
- The Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Alma Harish
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Barzilai Medical Center, Ashkelon, Israel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Anna Breslavsky
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Barzilai Medical Center, Ashkelon, Israel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ori Wand
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Barzilai Medical Center, Ashkelon, Israel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Nadav Zacks
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Natalya Bilenko
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Medical Office of Southern District, Ministry of Health, Ashkelon, Israel
| | - Amir Bar-Shai
- The Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Barzilai Medical Center, Ashkelon, Israel
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Yorsaeng R, Atsawawaranunt K, Riad A. Editorial: COVID-19 booster vaccination: increasing immunity against life-threatening infection. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1342118. [PMID: 38264241 PMCID: PMC10804992 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1342118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ritthideach Yorsaeng
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kamolthip Atsawawaranunt
- Institute for Urban Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Abanoub Riad
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic (IHIS-CR), Prague, Czechia
- Czech National Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare and Knowledge Translation (Cochrane Czech Republic, Czech EBHC: JBI Center of Excellence, Masaryk University GRADE Centre), Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
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Batmunkh T, Moore KA, Thomson H, Altangerel B, Amraa O, Avaa N, Batbayar L, Batsukh K, Bright K, Burentogtokh T, Ha Do LA, Dorj G, Hart JD, Javkhlantugs K, Jigjidsuren S, Justice F, Li S, Licciardi PV, Mashbaatar K, Mazarakis N, Neal EF, Nguyen CD, Ochirbat B, Tsolmon B, Tuya A, Surenjav U, von Mollendorf C, Mulholland K. Immunogenicity, safety, and reactogenicity of a half- versus full-dose BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) booster following a two-dose ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, BBIBP-CorV, or Gam-COVID-Vac priming schedule in Mongolia: a randomised, controlled, non-inferiority trial. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. WESTERN PACIFIC 2024; 42:100953. [PMID: 38357398 PMCID: PMC10865044 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Background COVID-19 vaccine booster doses restore vaccine effectiveness lost from waning immunity and emerging variants. Fractional dosing may improve COVID-19 booster acceptability and uptake and will reduce the per-dose cost of COVID-19 booster programmes. We sought to quantify the immunogenicity, reactogenicity, and safety of a half-dose BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) booster relative to the standard formulation. Methods This randomised, controlled, non-inferiority trial recruited adults in Mongolia primed with a two-dose homologous ChAdOx1 nCov-19 (Oxford-AstraZeneca, n = 129 participants), BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm (Beijing), n = 399), or Gam-COVID-Vac (Gamaleya, n = 70) schedule. Participants were randomised (1:1) to receive a 15 μg (half-dose) or 30 μg (full-dose) BNT162b2 booster. Participants and study staff assessing reactogenicity were blinded up to day 28. Co-primary endpoints were Wuhan-Hu-1 anti-spike S1 IgG seroresponse 28 days post-boosting and reactogenicity within 7 days of boosting. The non-inferiority margin for the absolute difference in seroresponse was -10%. Differences in seroresponse were estimated from logistic regression with marginal standardisation. Geometric mean ratios of IgG were also estimated. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05265065. Findings Between May 27th and September 30th, 2022, 601 participants were randomized to full-dose BNT162b2 (n = 300) or half-dose (n = 301). 598 were included in safety analyses, and 587 in immunological analyses. The frequency of grade 3-4 reactions was similar between arms (half-dose: 4/299 [1.3%]; full-dose: 6/299 [2.0%]). Across all severity grades, half-dose recipients reported fewer local and systemic reactions (60% versus 72% and 25% versus 32%, respectively). Seroresponse was 84.7% (250/295) and 86.6% (253/292) in the half-dose and full-dose arms, respectively (Difference: -2.8%; 95% CI -7.7, 2.1). Geometric mean IgG titres were similar in those receiving full and half-dose boosters for the ChAdOx1 and BBIBP-CorV primed groups, but lower in the half-dose arm in Gam-COVID-Vac-primed participants (GMR: 0.71; 95% CI 0.54, 0.93). Interpretation Half-dose BNT162b2 boosting elicited an immune response that was non-inferior to a full-dose, with fewer reactions, in adults primed with ChAdOx1 nCov-19 or BBIBP-CorV. Half-dose boosting may not be suitable in adults primed with Gam-COVID-Vac. Half-dose BNT162b2 boosting may be considered in populations primed with ChAdOx1 nCov-19 or BBIBP-CorV. Funding Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kerryn A. Moore
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Australia
| | - Helen Thomson
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Khishigjargal Batsukh
- General Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, First Central Hospital of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Kathryn Bright
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Australia
| | - Tsogjargal Burentogtokh
- General Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, First Central Hospital of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Lien Anh Ha Do
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Gantuya Dorj
- Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - John D. Hart
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Australia
| | | | - Sarantsetseg Jigjidsuren
- General Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, First Central Hospital of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Frances Justice
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Australia
| | - Shuo Li
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Australia
| | - Paul V. Licciardi
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | | | - Nadia Mazarakis
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Australia
| | - Eleanor F.G. Neal
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Cattram Duong Nguyen
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Australia
| | - Batbayar Ochirbat
- Mongolia Ministry of Health, Sukhbaatar District, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Bilegtsaikhan Tsolmon
- National Centre for Communicable Diseases, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
- Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Alimaa Tuya
- Onoshmed Laboratory, Sukhbaatar District, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | | | - Claire von Mollendorf
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Kim Mulholland
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Australia
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Chaiwarith R, Winichakoon P, Salee P, Sudjaritruk T, Wipasa J, Chawansuntati K, Yasri S, Thongwitokomarn H, Krasaewes K, Ruangsirinusorn S, Praparattanapan J, Solai N, Nuket K, Boonmee D, Chaichana O, Mueangmo O, Saheng J, Wongjak W. Safety and immunogenicity of the third and fourth doses of vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 following a 2-dose regimen of inactivated whole-virion SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19736. [PMID: 37957189 PMCID: PMC10643552 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45735-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study followed healthcare personnel (HCP) who had completed a primary series of CoronaVac and then received the third and fourth doses of COVID-19 vaccine. The primary objective was to determine the seroconversion rate of neutralizing antibodies against wild-type SARS-CoV-2 and VOCs at day 28 after the third dose of vaccine and day 28 after the fourth dose of vaccine. This prospective cohort study was conducted at Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital, a tertiary care hospital affiliated to Chiang Mai University from July 2021 to February 2022. Two hundred and eighty-three participants were assessed for eligibility; 142 had received AZD1222 and 141 BNT162b2 as the third dose. Seroconversion rates using a 30% inhibition cutoff value against wild-type SARS-CoV-2 were 57.2%, 98.6%, 97.8%, and 98.9% at points before and after the third dose, before and after the fourth dose, respectively among those receiving AZD1222 as the third dose. Frequencies were 31.9%, 99.3%, 98.9%, and 100% among those receiving BNT162b2 as the third dose, respectively. The seroconversion rates against B.1.1.529 [Omicron] were 76.1% and 90.2% (p-value 0.010) at 4 weeks after the third dose in those receiving AZD1222 and BNT162b2 as the third dose, respectively. After a booster with the mRNA vaccine, the seroconversion rates increased from 21.7 to 91.3% and from 30.4 to 91.3% in those receiving AZD1222 and BNT162b2 as the third dose, respectively. No serious safety concerns were found in this study. In conclusion, antibody responses waned over time regardless of the vaccine regimen. The booster dose of the vaccine elicited a humoral immune response against SARS-CoV-2 including SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, including B.1.1.529 [Omicron], which was circulating during the study period. However, the results might not be extrapolated to other Omicron sublineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romanee Chaiwarith
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| | - Poramed Winichakoon
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Parichat Salee
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Tavitiya Sudjaritruk
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology of Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases Research Cluster, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Jiraprapa Wipasa
- Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | | | - Saowaluck Yasri
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Harit Thongwitokomarn
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Kawisara Krasaewes
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Sethawut Ruangsirinusorn
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Jutarat Praparattanapan
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Nuttarika Solai
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Khanuengnit Nuket
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Darakorn Boonmee
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Orapin Chaichana
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology of Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases Research Cluster, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Oramai Mueangmo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology of Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases Research Cluster, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Jutamad Saheng
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology of Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases Research Cluster, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Worawan Wongjak
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology of Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases Research Cluster, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
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Majumder S, Das S, Li P, Yang N, Dellario H, Sui H, Guan Z, Sun W. Pneumonic plague protection induced by a monophosphoryl lipid A decorated Yersinia outer-membrane-vesicle vaccine. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.17.553697. [PMID: 37645871 PMCID: PMC10462118 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.17.553697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
A newly constructed Yersinia pseudotuberculosis mutant (YptbS46) carrying the lpxE insertion and pmrF-J deletion exclusively synthesized an adjuvant form of lipid A, monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA). Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) isolated from YptbS46 harboring an lcrV expression plasmid, pSMV13, were designated OMV 46 -LcrV, which contained MPLA and high amounts of LcrV and displayed low activation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Similar to the previous OMV 44 -LcrV, intramuscular prime-boost immunization with 30 µg of OMV 46 -LcrV exhibited substantially reduced reactogenicity and conferred complete protection to mice against a high-dose of respiratory Y. pestis challenge. OMV 46 -LcrV immunization induced robust adaptive responses in both lung mucosal and systemic compartments and orchestrated innate immunity in the lung, which were correlated with rapid bacterial clearance and unremarkable lung damage during Y. pestis challenge. Additionally, OMV 46 -LcrV immunization conferred long-term protection. Moreover, immunization with reduced doses of OMV 46 -LcrV exhibited further lower reactogenicity and still provided great protection against pneumonic plague. Our studies strongly demonstrate the feasibility of OMV 46 -LcrV as a new type of plague vaccine candidate.
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The Fourth Dose of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine Following 12 Different Three-Dose Regimens: Safety and Immunogenicity to Omicron BA.4/BA.5. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11030570. [PMID: 36992154 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11030570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the reactogenicity and immunogenicity of the fourth dose using monovalent mRNA vaccines after different three-dose regimens and to compare the 30 µg BNT162b2 and 50 µg mRNA-1273 vaccines. This prospective cohort study was conducted between June and October 2022. The self-recorded reactogenicity was evaluated on the subsequent 7 days after a fourth dose. The binding and neutralizing activity of antibodies against the Omicron BA.4/5 variants were determined. Overall, 292 healthy adults were enrolled and received BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273. Reactogenicity was mild to moderate and well tolerated after a few days. Sixty-five individuals were excluded. Thus, 227 eligible individuals received a fourth booster dose of BNT162b2 (n = 109) and mRNA-1273 (n = 118). Most participants, regardless of the type of previous three-dose regimens, elicited a significantly high level of binding antibodies and neutralizing activity against Omicron BA.4/5 28 days after a fourth dose. The neutralizing activity against Omicron BA.4/5 between the BNT162b2 (82.8%) and mRNA-1273 (84.2%) groups was comparable with a median ratio of 1.02. This study found that the BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccines can be used as a fourth booster dose for individuals who were previously immunized with any prior three-dose mix-and-match COVID-19 vaccine regimens.
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Kanokudom S, Chansaenroj J, Suntronwong N, Assawakosri S, Yorsaeng R, Nilyanimit P, Aeemjinda R, Khanarat N, Vichaiwattana P, Klinfueng S, Thongmee T, Katanyutanon A, Thanasopon W, Arayapong J, Withaksabut W, Srimuan D, Thatsanatorn T, Sudhinaraset N, Wanlapakorn N, Honsawek S, Poovorawan Y. Safety and immunogenicity of a third dose of COVID-19 protein subunit vaccine (Covovax TM) after homologous and heterologous two-dose regimens. Int J Infect Dis 2023; 126:64-72. [PMID: 36427701 PMCID: PMC9678824 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To report the safety and immunogenicity profile of a protein subunit vaccine (CovovaxTM) given as a third (booster) dose to individuals primed with different primary vaccine regimens. METHODS A third dose was administered to individuals with an interval range of 3-10 months after the second dose. The four groups were classified according to their primary vaccine regimens, including two-dose BBIBP-CorV, AZD1222, BNT162b2, and CoronaVac/AZD1222. Immunogenicity analysis was performed to determine binding antibodies, neutralizing activity, and the T-cell responses. RESULTS Overall, 210 individuals were enrolled and boosted with the CovovaxTM vaccine. The reactogenicity was mild to moderate. Most participants elicited a high level of binding and neutralizing antibody against Wild-type and Omicron variants after the booster dose. In participants who were antinucleocapsid immunoglobulin G-negative from all groups, a booster dose could elicit neutralizing activity to Wild-type and Omicron variants by more than 95% and 70% inhibition at 28 days, respectively. The CovovaxTM vaccine could elicit a cell-mediated immune response. CONCLUSION The protein subunit vaccine (CovovaxTM) can be proposed as a booster dose after two different priming dose regimens. It has strong immunogenicity and good safety profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sitthichai Kanokudom
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeleton, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jira Chansaenroj
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nungruthai Suntronwong
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suvichada Assawakosri
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeleton, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ritthideach Yorsaeng
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pornjarim Nilyanimit
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ratchadawan Aeemjinda
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nongkanok Khanarat
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Preeyaporn Vichaiwattana
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sirapa Klinfueng
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thanunrat Thongmee
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | | | | | | - Donchida Srimuan
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thaksaporn Thatsanatorn
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Natthinee Sudhinaraset
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nasamon Wanlapakorn
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sittisak Honsawek
- Center of Excellence in Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeleton, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Yong Poovorawan
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Fellow of Royal Society of Thailand (FRS[T]), the Royal Society of Thailand, Sanam Sueapa, Dusit, Bangkok, Thailand.
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