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Huang S, Ren Y, Wang X, Lazar L, Ma S, Weng G, Zhao J. Application of Ultrasound-Targeted Microbubble Destruction-Mediated Exogenous Gene Transfer in Treating Various Renal Diseases. Hum Gene Ther 2018; 30:127-138. [PMID: 30205715 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2018.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic renal disease or acute renal injury could result in end-stage renal disease or renal failure. Sonoporation, induced by ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD), has evolved as a new technology for gene delivery. It increases the transfection efficiency of the genes into target kidney tissues. Moreover, UTMD-mediated gene delivery can directly repair the damaged tissues or improve the recruitment and homing of stem cells in the recovery of injured tissues, which has the potential to act as a non-viral and effective method to current gene therapy. This article reviews the mechanisms and applications of UTMD in terms of renal disease, including diabetic nephropathy, renal carcinoma, acute kidney injury, renal interstitial fibrosis, nephrotoxic nephritis, urinary stones, and acute rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaishuai Huang
- 1 Urology and Nephrology Institute of Ningbo University, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, P.R. China
| | - Yu Ren
- 1 Urology and Nephrology Institute of Ningbo University, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, P.R. China
| | - Xue Wang
- 1 Urology and Nephrology Institute of Ningbo University, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, P.R. China
| | - Lissy Lazar
- 2 Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathological and Physiological Technology, Medicine School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, P.R. China
| | - Suya Ma
- 1 Urology and Nephrology Institute of Ningbo University, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, P.R. China
| | - Guobin Weng
- 1 Urology and Nephrology Institute of Ningbo University, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, P.R. China
| | - Jinshun Zhao
- 2 Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathological and Physiological Technology, Medicine School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, P.R. China
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Oroojalian F, Rezayan AH, Mehrnejad F, Nia AH, Shier WT, Abnous K, Ramezani M. Efficient megalin targeted delivery to renal proximal tubular cells mediated by modified-polymyxin B-polyethylenimine based nano-gene-carriers. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.05.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Oroojalian F, Rezayan AH, Shier WT, Abnous K, Ramezani M. Megalin-targeted enhanced transfection efficiency in cultured human HK-2 renal tubular proximal cells using aminoglycoside-carboxyalkyl- polyethylenimine -containing nanoplexes. Int J Pharm 2017; 523:102-120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Wei S, Xu C, Rychak JJ, Luong A, Sun Y, Yang Z, Li M, Liu C, Fu N, Yang B. Short Hairpin RNA Knockdown of Connective Tissue Growth Factor by Ultrasound-Targeted Microbubble Destruction Improves Renal Fibrosis. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2016; 42:2926-2937. [PMID: 27597128 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2016.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction transfer of interfering RNA against connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in the kidney would ameliorate renal fibrosis in vivo. A short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting CTGF was cloned into a tool plasmid and loaded onto the surface of a cationic microbubble product. A unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model in mice was used to evaluate the effect of CTGF knockdown. Mice were administered the plasmid-carrying microbubble intravenously, and ultrasound was applied locally to the obstructed kidney. Mice undergoing a sham UUO surgery and untreated UUO mice were used as disease controls, and mice administered plasmid alone, plasmid with ultrasound treatment and microbubbles and plasmid without ultrasound were used as treatment controls. Mice were treated once and then evaluated at day 14. CTGF in the kidney was measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. Expression of CTGF, transforming growth factor β1, α smooth muscle actin and type I collagen in the obstructed kidney was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The cohort treated with plasmid-carrying microbubbles and ultrasound exhibited reduced mRNA and protein expression of CTGF (p < 0.01). Furthermore, CTGF gene silencing decreased the interstitial deposition of transforming growth factor β1, α smooth muscle actin and type I collagen as assessed in immunohistochemistry, as well as reduced renal fibrosis in pathologic alterations (p < 0.01). No significant changes in target mRNA, protein expression or disease pathology were observed in the control cohorts. A single treatment of ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction is able to deliver sufficient shRNA to inhibit the expression of CTGF and provide a meaningful reduction in disease severity. This technique may be a potential therapy for treatment of renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuping Wei
- Department of Ultrasound, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chaoli Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | | | | | - Yu Sun
- Department of Pharmacological Study, Origin Biosciences, Inc., Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhijian Yang
- Department of Pharmacological Study, Origin Biosciences, Inc., Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mingxia Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chunrui Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ninghua Fu
- Department of Ultrasound, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Mao X, Li F, Yang N, Qi C, Zhang SQ, Zhang Z, Wu H. Glomeruli or interstitium targeted by inter-renal injections supplemented by electroporation: Still a useful tool in renal research. J Gene Med 2016; 18:343-352. [PMID: 27794198 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.2931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies concerning proteins are always a crucial part of renal research. As a result of current technologies, scientists have mastered several techniques for generating genetically modified animals. However, in most cases, accessing these animals is still time-consuming and often expensive. This makes the alteration of protein expression by in vivo plasmid transfection an easily-accessible alternative. However, there is still no comprehensive study describing where plasmids would be expressed when they are injected into the kidneys. METHODS We injected pEGFP-N1 into rats via intra-/inter-renal channels and detected green fluorescent protein (GFP) by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence to localize plasmid expression. RESULTS Seven days post-injection, we found that GFP was expressed in the glomeruli when pEGFP-N1 was injected via the renal artery or vein enhanced by electroporation and in the interstitium following injection via the ureter. Other channels, including intraperitoneal, subcapsule and parenchymal injection, only led to scattered expression within the kidneys. CONCLUSIONS The present study provides evidence that plasmid transfection via the renal vessels is suitable for glomeruli research and that transfection via the ureter is appropriate for studies regarding interstitium lesions. Additionally, we provide evidence that plasmid transfection on live animals is still an applicable and useful tool, as well as being cost-effective and facile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Mao
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Nianji Yang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Chenyang Qi
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Steven Qian Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Shanghai Institute for Kidneys and Dialysis, Shanghai, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Huijuan Wu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Shanghai Institute for Kidneys and Dialysis, Shanghai, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
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Leong-Poi H. Contrast ultrasound and targeted microbubbles: diagnostic and therapeutic applications in progressive diabetic nephropathy. Semin Nephrol 2013; 32:494-504. [PMID: 23062991 DOI: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2012.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy remains one of the most common causes for end-stage renal disease worldwide. Although therapies aimed at optimizing glycemic control and systemic blood pressure have benefit, the reduction in progressive nephropathy remains modest at best. Thus, research continues to focus on newer therapies to address the unmet needs for additional renal protective strategies. The ability to noninvasively image the molecular and cellular processes that underlie diabetic nephropathy would be useful in risk stratifying patients with diabetes, and more importantly would aid in the evaluation of novel therapies to prevent and treat nephropathy. In addition, the development of ultrasound technologies that allow targeted gene delivery using high-power ultrasound and DNA-bearing microbubbles may have applicability for gene therapy to prevent diabetic nephropathy. This review highlights contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging techniques for the evaluation of renal pathologies, including perfusion and molecular imaging techniques, and ultrasound-mediated gene delivery for therapeutic applications in diabetic nephropathy, that have potential for translation to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howard Leong-Poi
- Division of Cardiology, Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Kułdo J, Ásgeirsdóttir S, Zwiers P, Bellu A, Rots M, Schalk J, Ogawara K, Trautwein C, Banas B, Haisma H, Molema G, Kamps J. Targeted adenovirus mediated inhibition of NF-κB-dependent inflammatory gene expression in endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo. J Control Release 2013; 166:57-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Revised: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Mornet E, Carmoy N, Lainé C, Lemiègre L, Le Gall T, Laurent I, Marianowski R, Férec C, Lehn P, Benvegnu T, Montier T. Folate-equipped nanolipoplexes mediated efficient gene transfer into human epithelial cells. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:1477-501. [PMID: 23344053 PMCID: PMC3565331 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14011477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Revised: 12/31/2012] [Accepted: 01/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Since recombinant viral vectors have been associated with serious side effects, such as immunogenicity and oncogenicity, synthetic delivery systems represent a realistic alternative for achieving efficacy in gene therapy. A major challenge for non-viral nanocarriers is the optimization of transgene expression in the targeted cells. This goal can be achieved by fine-tuning the chemical carriers and the adding specific motifs to promote cellular penetration. Our study focuses on the development of novel folate-based complexes that contain varying quantities of folate motifs. After controlling for their physical properties, neutral folate-modified lipid formulations were compared in vitro to lipoplexes leading to comparable expression levels. In addition, no cytotoxicity was detected, unlike what was observed in the cationic controls. Mechanistically, the delivery of the transgene appeared to be, in part, due to endocytosis mediated by folate receptor targeting. This mechanism was further validated by the observation that adding free folate into the medium decreased luciferase expression by 50%. In vivo transfection with the folate-modified MM18 lipid, containing the highest amount of FA-PEG(570)-diether co-lipid (w:w; 90:10), at a neutral charge ratio, gave luciferase transgene expression. These studies indicate that modification of lipids with folate residues could enhance non-toxic, cell-specific gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Mornet
- INSERM U1078, IFR 148 ScInBIoS, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 46 rue Félix Le Dantec, CS 51819, 29218 Brest Cedex 2, France; E-Mails: (E.M.); (N.C.); (T.L.G.); (C.F.); (P.L.)
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, UMR 6226, Avenue du Général Leclerc, CS 50837, 35708 Rennes Cedex 7, France; E-Mails: (C.L.); (L.L.); (I.L.); (T.B.)
- Service d’ORL et de chirurgie cervico-faciale, CHU de BREST hôpital Morvan, 2 avenue du maréchal Foch 29609 Brest, France; E-Mail:
| | - Nathalie Carmoy
- INSERM U1078, IFR 148 ScInBIoS, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 46 rue Félix Le Dantec, CS 51819, 29218 Brest Cedex 2, France; E-Mails: (E.M.); (N.C.); (T.L.G.); (C.F.); (P.L.)
- IBiSA “SynNanoVect” platform, IFR 148 ScInBIoS, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 22 avenue Camille Desmoulins, CS 93837–29238 Brest cedex, France
| | - Céline Lainé
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, UMR 6226, Avenue du Général Leclerc, CS 50837, 35708 Rennes Cedex 7, France; E-Mails: (C.L.); (L.L.); (I.L.); (T.B.)
| | - Loïc Lemiègre
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, UMR 6226, Avenue du Général Leclerc, CS 50837, 35708 Rennes Cedex 7, France; E-Mails: (C.L.); (L.L.); (I.L.); (T.B.)
- IBiSA “SynNanoVect” platform, IFR 148 ScInBIoS, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 22 avenue Camille Desmoulins, CS 93837–29238 Brest cedex, France
| | - Tony Le Gall
- INSERM U1078, IFR 148 ScInBIoS, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 46 rue Félix Le Dantec, CS 51819, 29218 Brest Cedex 2, France; E-Mails: (E.M.); (N.C.); (T.L.G.); (C.F.); (P.L.)
- IBiSA “SynNanoVect” platform, IFR 148 ScInBIoS, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 22 avenue Camille Desmoulins, CS 93837–29238 Brest cedex, France
| | - Isabelle Laurent
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, UMR 6226, Avenue du Général Leclerc, CS 50837, 35708 Rennes Cedex 7, France; E-Mails: (C.L.); (L.L.); (I.L.); (T.B.)
| | - Remi Marianowski
- Service d’ORL et de chirurgie cervico-faciale, CHU de BREST hôpital Morvan, 2 avenue du maréchal Foch 29609 Brest, France; E-Mail:
| | - Claude Férec
- INSERM U1078, IFR 148 ScInBIoS, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 46 rue Félix Le Dantec, CS 51819, 29218 Brest Cedex 2, France; E-Mails: (E.M.); (N.C.); (T.L.G.); (C.F.); (P.L.)
| | - Pierre Lehn
- INSERM U1078, IFR 148 ScInBIoS, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 46 rue Félix Le Dantec, CS 51819, 29218 Brest Cedex 2, France; E-Mails: (E.M.); (N.C.); (T.L.G.); (C.F.); (P.L.)
| | - Thierry Benvegnu
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, UMR 6226, Avenue du Général Leclerc, CS 50837, 35708 Rennes Cedex 7, France; E-Mails: (C.L.); (L.L.); (I.L.); (T.B.)
- IBiSA “SynNanoVect” platform, IFR 148 ScInBIoS, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 22 avenue Camille Desmoulins, CS 93837–29238 Brest cedex, France
| | - Tristan Montier
- INSERM U1078, IFR 148 ScInBIoS, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 46 rue Félix Le Dantec, CS 51819, 29218 Brest Cedex 2, France; E-Mails: (E.M.); (N.C.); (T.L.G.); (C.F.); (P.L.)
- IBiSA “SynNanoVect” platform, IFR 148 ScInBIoS, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 22 avenue Camille Desmoulins, CS 93837–29238 Brest cedex, France
- DUMG – Faculté de médecine, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 22 avenue Camille Desmoulins, CS 93837–29238 Brest cedex, France
- CHRU de Brest, hôpital Morvan, 2 avenue du maréchal Foch 29609 Brest, France
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +33-2-98-01-80-80; Fax: +33-2-98-01-83-42
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Boini KM, Xia M, Xiong J, Li C, Payne LP, Li PL. Implication of CD38 gene in podocyte epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and glomerular sclerosis. J Cell Mol Med 2012; 16:1674-85. [PMID: 21992601 PMCID: PMC3270217 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2011.01462.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
CD38 is a multifunctional protein involving in a number of signalling pathways. Given that the lack of CD38 is considered as a dedifferentiation marker of lymphocytes and other cells, we hypothesized that CD38 and its signalling pathway may participate in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process of podocytes and thereby regulates the integrity of glomerular structure and function. Western blot analysis and RT-PCR demonstrated that renal tissue CD38 expression was lacking in CD38(-/-) mice or substantially reduced in renal CD38 shRNA-transfected WT (CD38-shRNA) mice compared to CD38(+/+) littermates. Confocal fluorescent microscopy demonstrated the reduced expression of epithelial markers (P-Cadherin, ZO-1 and podocin) and increased expression of mesenchymal markers (FSP-1, α-SMA and desmin) in the glomeruli of CD38(-/-) and CD38-shRNA mice compared to CD38(+/+) mice. Morphological examinations showed profound injury in the glomeruli of CD38(-/-) or CD38-shRNA mice compared to CD38(+/+) mice. This enhanced glomerular injury in CD38(-/-) or CD38-shRNA mice was accompanied by increased albuminuria and proteinuria. DOCA/high salt treatment further decreased the expression of epithelial markers and increased the abundance of mesenchymal markers, which were accompanied by more increased glomerular damage index and mean arterial pressure in CD38(-/-) and CD38-shRNA mice than CD38(+/+) mice. In vitro studies showed that inhibition of CD38 enhances the EMT in podocytes. In conclusion, our observations reveal that the normal expression of CD38 importantly contributes to the differentiation and function of podocytes and the defect of this gene expression may be a critical mechanism inducing EMT and consequently resulting in glomerular injury and sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna M Boini
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
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Boini KM, Xia M, Abais JM, Xu M, Li CX, Li PL. Acid sphingomyelinase gene knockout ameliorates hyperhomocysteinemic glomerular injury in mice lacking cystathionine-β-synthase. PLoS One 2012; 7:e45020. [PMID: 23024785 PMCID: PMC3443210 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 08/16/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) has been implicated in the development of hyperhomocysteinemia (hHcys)-induced glomerular oxidative stress and injury. However, it remains unknown whether genetically engineering of ASM gene produces beneficial or detrimental action on hHcys-induced glomerular injury. The present study generated and characterized the mice lacking cystathionine β-synthase (Cbs) and Asm mouse gene by cross breeding Cbs(+/-) and Asm(+/-) mice. Given that the homozygotes of Cbs(-/-/)Asm(-/-) mice could not survive for 3 weeks. Cbs(+/-/)Asm(+/+), Cbs(+/-/)Asm(+/-) and Cbs(+/-/)Asm(-/-) as well as their Cbs wild type littermates were used to study the role of Asm(-/-) under a background of Cbs(+/-) with hHcys. HPLC analysis revealed that plasma Hcys level was significantly elevated in Cbs heterozygous (Cbs(+/-)) mice with different copies of Asm gene compared to Cbs(+/+) mice with different Asm gene copies. Cbs(+/-/)Asm(+/+) mice had significantly increased renal Asm activity, ceramide production and O(2.)(-) level compared to Cbs(+/+)/Asm(+/+), while Cbs(+/-/)Asm(-/-) mice showed significantly reduced renal Asm activity, ceramide production and O(2.)(-) level due to increased plasma Hcys levels. Confocal microscopy demonstrated that colocalization of podocin with ceramide was much lower in Cbs(+/-/)Asm(-/-) mice compared to Cbs(+/-/)Asm(+/+) mice, which was accompanied by a reduced glomerular damage index, albuminuria and proteinuria in Cbs(+/-/)Asm(-/-) mice. Immunofluorescent analyses of the podocin, nephrin and desmin expression also illustrated less podocyte damages in the glomeruli from Cbs(+/-/)Asm(-/-) mice compared to Cbs(+/-/)Asm(+/+) mice. In in vitro studies of podocytes, hHcys-enhanced O(2.)(-) production, desmin expression, and ceramide production as well as decreases in VEGF level and podocin expression in podocytes were substantially attenuated by prior treatment with amitriptyline, an Asm inhibitor. In conclusion, Asm gene knockout or corresponding enzyme inhibition protects the podocytes and glomeruli from hHcys-induced oxidative stress and injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna M. Boini
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Min Xia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Justine M. Abais
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Cai-xia Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Pin-Lan Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Bon D, Chatauret N, Giraud S, Thuillier R, Favreau F, Hauet T. New strategies to optimize kidney recovery and preservation in transplantation. Nat Rev Nephrol 2012; 8:339-47. [DOI: 10.1038/nrneph.2012.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Boini KM, Xia M, Li C, Zhang C, Payne LP, Abais JM, Poklis JL, Hylemon PB, Li PL. Acid sphingomyelinase gene deficiency ameliorates the hyperhomocysteinemia-induced glomerular injury in mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2011; 179:2210-9. [PMID: 21893018 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2011] [Revised: 07/05/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia (hHcys) enhances ceramide production, leading to the activation of NADPH oxidase and consequent glomerular oxidative stress and sclerosis. The present study was performed to determine whether acid sphingomyelinase (Asm), a ceramide-producing enzyme, is implicated in the development of hHcys-induced glomerular oxidative stress and injury. Uninephrectomized Asm-knockout (Asm(-/-)) and wild-type (Asm(+/+)) mice, with or without Asm short hairpin RNA (shRNA) transfection, were fed a folate-free (FF) diet for 8 weeks, which significantly elevated the plasma Hcys level compared with mice fed normal chow. By using in vivo molecular imaging, we found that transfected shRNAs were expressed in the renal cortex starting on day 3 and continued for 24 days. The FF diet significantly increased renal ceramide production, Asm mRNA and activity, urinary total protein and albumin excretion, glomerular damage index, and NADPH-dependent superoxide production in the renal cortex from Asm(+/+) mice compared with that from Asm(-/-) or Asm shRNA-transfected wild-type mice. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that the FF diet decreased the expression of podocin but increased desmin and ceramide levels in glomeruli from Asm(+/+) mice but not in those from Asm(-/-) and Asm shRNA-transfected wild-type mice. In conclusion, our observations reveal that Asm plays a pivotal role in mediating podocyte injury and glomerular sclerosis associated with NADPH oxidase-associated local oxidative stress during hHcys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna M Boini
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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Preservation strategies to reduce ischemic injury in kidney transplantation: pharmacological and genetic approaches. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2011; 16:180-7. [PMID: 21415820 DOI: 10.1097/mot.0b013e3283446b1d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In the current graft shortage, it is paramount to improve the quality of transplanted organs. Organ preservation represents an underused therapeutic window with great potential to reduce ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and improve graft quality. Herein, we review strategies using this window as well as other promising work targeting IRI pathways using pharmacological treatments and gene therapy. RECENT FINDINGS We highlight studies using molecules administered during kidney preservation to target key components of IRI such as inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial activity and the coagulation pathway. We further expose recent studies of gene therapy directed against inflammation or apoptosis during cold storage. Other pathways with potential therapeutic molecules are cited. SUMMARY The use of cold preservation as a therapeutic window to deliver pharmacological or gene therapy treatments can significantly improve both short-term and long-term graft outcomes. Even if human gene therapy remains hampered by the quantity of agent needed and the potential harmfulness of the vector, it clearly offers a wide array of possibilities for the future. Although gene therapy is still too immature, we expose pharmacological strategies which can readily be applied to the clinic and improve both transplantation success rates and the patients' quality of life.
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Short- and long-term stability study of lyophilized solid lipid nanoparticles for gene therapy. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2009; 71:181-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2008.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2008] [Revised: 09/19/2008] [Accepted: 09/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Dolman M, Fretz M, Segers G, Lacombe M, Prakash J, Storm G, Hennink W, Kok R. Renal targeting of kinase inhibitors. Int J Pharm 2008; 364:249-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2008.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2008] [Revised: 04/25/2008] [Accepted: 04/28/2008] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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17
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Yi F, Xia M, Li N, Zhang C, Tang L, Li PL. Contribution of guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav2 to hyperhomocysteinemic glomerulosclerosis in rats. Hypertension 2008; 53:90-6. [PMID: 19029489 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.108.115675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We currently reported that Vav2, a member of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor-Vav subfamily, participates in homocysteine-induced increases in Rac1 activity and consequent activation of NADPH oxidase in rat mesangial cells. However, the physiological relevance of this cellular action of Vav2 remains unknown. The present study tested a hypothesis that Vav2 importantly mediates the injurious action of homocysteine on glomeruli and thereby contributes to the development of glomerulosclerosis during hyperhomocysteinemia. We found that, among Vav members, Vav2 was abundantly expressed in glomeruli. When Vav2 short hairpin RNA was transfected into the kidneys of Sprague-Dawley rats, hyperhomocysteinemia induced by folate-free diet failed to significantly enhance Rac1 activity and increase NADPH-dependent superoxide production. In these rats with silenced renal Vav2 gene, glomerular injury during hyperhomocysteinemia was markedly attenuated compared with those rats only receiving mock vector transfection, as shown by ameliorated albuminuria and extracellular matrix metabolism. In the rat kidneys with transfection of a dominant-active Vav2 variant (onco-Vav2), we found that overexpression of Vav2 led to significant increases in Rac1 activity, superoxide production, and glomerular injury, which was similar to that induced by hyperhomocysteinemia. However, this Vav2 overexpression was unable to further enhance homocysteine-induced glomerular injury. We concluded that Vav2-mediated activation of NADPH oxidase is an important initiating mechanism resulting in hyperhomocysteinemic glomerular injury through enhanced local oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, 410 N 12th St, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
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Sandovici M, Deelman LE, de Zeeuw D, van Goor H, Henning RH. Immune modulation and graft protection by gene therapy in kidney transplantation. Eur J Pharmacol 2008; 585:261-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.02.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2008] [Revised: 01/25/2008] [Accepted: 02/06/2008] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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19
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Le HT, Boquet MP, Clark EA, Callahan SM, Croyle MA. Renal pathophysiology after systemic administration of recombinant adenovirus: changes in renal cytochromes P450 based on vector dose. Hum Gene Ther 2007; 17:1095-111. [PMID: 17069534 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2006.17.1095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Recombinant adenovirus (Ad) significantly alters hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP). Because changes in renal function can alter hepatic CYP, the effect of Ad on renal CYPs 4A1, 4A2, 4F1, and 2E1 was evaluated. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were given one of six intravenous doses (5.7x10(6)-5.7x10(12) viral particles/kg [VP/kg]) of Ad expressing beta-galactosidase or saline. CYP protein, activity, gene expression, and serum creatinine (SCr) were evaluated 0.25, 1, 4, and 14 days later. Doses of 5.7x10(11) and 5.7x10(12) VP/kg increased CYP4A protein within 24 hr by 35 and 48%, respectively (p<0.05). A similar trend was observed on day 4. CYP4A1 mRNA doubled 6 hr after doses of 5.7x10(10)-10(12) VP/kg (p<0.01). Similar effects were observed 1 day after each dose tested. CYP4A2 gene expression was 20% above control 1 day after treatment with 5.7x10(10)-10(12) VP/kg and remained high through day 14. CYP4F1 expression was unaffected by all doses (p=0.08). CYP2E1 activity and gene expression were significantly suppressed 24 hr after administration of all doses and began to normalize by day 14 (p<0.01). SCr was significantly reduced (approximately 50%) throughout the study for doses at and below 5.7x10(11) VP/kg. SCr was increased by a factor of 3 by 5.7x10(12) VP/kg and glomerular filtration was significantly reduced (p<0.01). This suggests that changes in renal CYP and corresponding arachidonic acid metabolites may play a role in the documented toxicity associated with the systemic administration of recombinant Ad.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong T Le
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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Le HT, Boquet MP, Clark EA, Callahan SM, Croyle MA. Renal Pathophysiology After Systemic Administration of Recombinant Adenovirus: Changes in Renal Cytochromes P450 Based on Vector Dose. Hum Gene Ther 2006. [DOI: 10.1089/hum.2006.17.ft-257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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21
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Sandovici M, Deelman LE, Smit-van Oosten A, van Goor H, Rots MG, de Zeeuw D, Henning RH. Enhanced transduction of fibroblasts in transplanted kidney with an adenovirus having an RGD motif in the HI loop. Kidney Int 2006; 69:45-52. [PMID: 16374422 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ki.5000002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Application of gene therapy to the renal graft has a powerful potential to improve the outcome of kidney transplantation and eliminate detrimental side effects associated with systemic therapy, through local expression of immunoregulatory or other protective molecules. However, the search for the optimal vector is still ongoing. In this study, we used a modified adenovirus that has an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) motif inserted in the HI loop of the fiber knob, as a successful strategy to transduce the renal graft. Donor Lewis rat kidneys were infused via the renal artery with a solution containing either a fiber-modified adenovirus (AdTL-RGD) or an unmodified adenovirus (AdTL), or with saline. Syngeneic recipients were killed after 3, 7 or 14 days. Efficiency, selectivity, localization, time course of gene expression and side effects were studied using biochemical and immunohistological techniques. Enhanced gene expression was achieved selectively in the transplanted kidney by AdTL-RGD, when compared to AdTL. Transgene expression lasted for at least 2 weeks. With the AdTL-RGD vector, the transgene was abundantly expressed in the renal interstitial fibroblasts. An increase in the number of cytotoxic T lymphocytes accompanied the use of either vector, when compared to saline. These data convincingly show enhanced and selective gene transfer to the fibroblasts of transplanted kidneys using an RGD-modified adenovirus, providing a highly efficient vector system for future therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sandovici
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Groningen University Institute for Drug Exploration, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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