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Rosell A, Moser B, Hisada Y, Chinthapatla R, Lian G, Yang Y, Flick MJ, Mackman N. Evaluation of different commercial antibodies for their ability to detect human and mouse tissue factor by western blotting. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2020; 4:1013-1023. [PMID: 32864552 PMCID: PMC7443430 DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Western blotting is used to measure protein expression in cells and tissues. Appropriate interpretation of resulting data is contingent upon antibody validation. OBJECTIVES We assessed several commercial anti-human and anti-mouse tissue factor (TF) antibodies for their ability to detect TF by western blotting. MATERIAL AND METHODS We used human pancreatic cancer cell lines expressing different levels of TF and a mouse pancreatic cancer cell line expressing TF with a matched knockout derivative. RESULTS Human and mouse TF protein detected by western blotting correlated with levels of TF mRNA in these cell lines. The apparent molecular weight of TF is increased by N-linked glycosylation and, as expected, deglycosylation decreased the size of TF based on western blotting. We found that four commercial anti-human TF antibodies detected TF in a TF-positive cell line HPAF-II whereas no signal was observed in a TF-negative cell line MIA PaCa-2. More variability was observed in detecting mouse TF. Two anti-mouse TF antibodies detected mouse TF in a TF-positive cell line and no signal was observed in a TF knockout cell line. However, a third anti-mouse TF antibody detected a nonspecific protein in both the mouse TF-positive and TF-negative cell lines. Two anti-human TF antibodies that are claimed to cross react with mouse TF either recognized a nonspecific band or did not detect mouse TF. DISCUSSION Our results indicate that there is a range in quality of commercial anti-TF antibodies. CONCLUSION We recommend that all commercial antibodies should be validated to ensure that they detect TF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Rosell
- Division of Internal MedicineDepartment of Clinical SciencesDanderyd HospitalKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Bernhard Moser
- Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis ResearchCenter for Physiology and PharmacologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Yohei Hisada
- Division of Hematology/OncologyDepartment of MedicineUNC Blood Research CenterUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Rukesh Chinthapatla
- Division of Hematology/OncologyDepartment of MedicineUNC Blood Research CenterUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Grace Lian
- Division of Hematology/OncologyDepartment of MedicineUNC Blood Research CenterUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUNC Blood Research CenterUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Matthew J. Flick
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUNC Blood Research CenterUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Nigel Mackman
- Division of Hematology/OncologyDepartment of MedicineUNC Blood Research CenterUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
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Kobayashi K, Baba K, Igase M, Miyama TS, Kambayashi S, Okuda M. Microparticle-associated tissue factor activity in dogs with disseminated intravascular coagulation. J Vet Med Sci 2019; 82:56-60. [PMID: 31787663 PMCID: PMC6983662 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.19-0553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microparticle (MP)-associated tissue factor (TF) activity in plasma might play a role in human disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). The aim of this study was to compare MP-TF
activity between non-DIC and DIC groups. Ten clinically healthy beagles and 26 diseased dogs were enrolled. The proportion of dogs with increased MP-TF activity was significantly higher in
the DIC group than the non-DIC group (P=0.014). MP-TF activity in the DIC group was significantly higher than the non-DIC group (P=0.021). MP-TF activity
positively correlated with plasma D-dimer concentration (r=0.42, P=0.034). Moreover, MP-TF activity was decreased by the time of recovery in some dogs with
DIC. Larger prospective studies are warranted to assess its value as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in DIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8511, Japan
| | - Kenji Baba
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8511, Japan.,Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1, Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8511, Japan
| | - Masaya Igase
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1, Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8511, Japan
| | - Takako Shimokawa Miyama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8511, Japan.,Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1, Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8511, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kambayashi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8511, Japan.,Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1, Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8511, Japan
| | - Masaru Okuda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8511, Japan.,Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1, Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8511, Japan
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Qiu Y, Yang S, Pan T, Yu L, Liu J, Zhu Y, Wang H. ANKRD22 is involved in the progression of prostate cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:4106-4113. [PMID: 31516611 PMCID: PMC6732940 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a common malignant tumor in elderly men. As a novel metabolic-reprogramming molecule, the role of ankyrin repeat domain 22 (ANKRD22) in the tumorigenesis and progression of prostate cancer remains unknown. In the present study, mouse monoclonal antibodies against human ANKRD22 were prepared using recombinant ANKRD22 from prokaryotic expression and validated. Subsequently, these antibodies were used to evaluate ANKRD22 levels via immunohistochemical staining in prostate cancer tissues. Finally, the association between ANKRD22 levels and prostate cancer progression was analyzed in 636 samples of prostate cancer using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. A total of four anti-ANKRD22 monoclonal antibodies were generated and validated, which could be effectively blocked by recombinant ANKRD22 protein. Using these antibodies for immunohistochemical staining, ANKRD22 was detected in prostate cancer cells in both the cytoplasm and nucleus. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that the mRNA level of ANKRD22 was inversely associated with prostate cancer stage (P<0.05) and Gleason score (P<0.01) in TCGA database. Patients with higher ANKRD22 mRNA levels exhibited longer disease-free survival following radical prostatectomy. These findings suggest that ANKRD22 may negatively regulate the progression of prostate cancer. The prepared ANKRD22 antibodies with high specificity provide a powerful tool in ANKRD22 research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Qiu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Saisai Yang
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Tianhui Pan
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Lin Yu
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Jingwen Liu
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Yongliang Zhu
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Hongping Wang
- Department of Gerontology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
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