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Liu Y, Qin L, Hu X, Jiang Y. Isolation and molecular characteristics of a recombinant feline calicivirus from Qingdao, China. VETERINARY RESEARCH FORUM : AN INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY JOURNAL 2023; 14:583-588. [PMID: 38169473 PMCID: PMC10758007 DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2023.1975795.3701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a highly contagious pathogen seriously affecting the upper respiratory tract and producing oral diseases in the feline. Despite widespread vaccination, the prevalence of FCV remains high. In this study, the FCV qingdao (qd)/2019/china was isolated from a domestic feline oropharyngeal swab collected from Qingdao, China. The virus was purified using the plaque assay and identified using the Polymerase chain reaction and indirect immunofluorescence assay methods, the capsid amino acid, VP1 of qd/2019/china, showed sequence identity with the other isolates ranging between 83.90% (ym3/2001/jp) and 91.10% (CH-JL4). The sequence of the capsid amino acid revealed qd/2019/china to be closely related to CH-JL4 and clustered with CH-JL4 in the phylogenetic tree. The phylo-genetic analysis indicated that the complete genomes (GenBank® accession No. MZ322896) of qd/2019/china and CH-JL4 were also classified into the same cluster. The recombination analysis with Simplot indicated that the qd/2019/china originated from the recombination of CH-JL4 and HRB-SS, and the region 3,821 - 5,301 nt originated from HRB-SS. Further, the region 3,821 - 5,301 nt were found to belong to the protease-polymerase (PP) of HRB-SS. Here, we isolated a new recombinant virus, FCV qd/2019/china. Therefore, these results would be beneficial for better understanding of the evolution and epidemiology of FCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiang Liu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China;
| | - Lide Qin
- Department for Safety Supervision of Animal Products, China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China;
| | - Xiaoliang Hu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin, China.
| | - Yanmei Jiang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China;
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Bernardy C, Malley J. Impacts of Surface Characteristics and Dew Point on the Blue-Light (BL 405) Inactivation of Viruses. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2638. [PMID: 38004651 PMCID: PMC10673487 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11112638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The increased prevalence of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs), healthcare associated infections (HAIs), and the recent COVID-19 pandemic has caused the photoinactivation industry to explore alternative wavelengths. Blue light (BL405) has gained significant interest as it is much less harmful to the skin and eyes than traditional germicidal wavelengths; therefore, in theory, it can be used continuously with human exposure. At present, the viricidal effects of BL405 are largely unknown as the literature predominately addresses bacterial disinfection performed with this wavelength. This work provides novel findings to the industry, reporting on the virucidal effects of BL405 on surfaces. This research utilizes three surfaces: ceramic, PTFE, and stainless steel. The efficacy of BL405 inactivation varied by surface type, which was due to surface characteristics, such as the contact angle, porosity, zeta potential, and reflectivity. Additionally, the effect of the dew point on BL405 inactivation efficacy was determined. This research is the first to study the effects of the dew point on the virucidal effectiveness of BL405 surface inactivation. The effects of the dew point were significant for all surfaces and the control experiments. The high-dew-point conditions (18 °C) yielded higher levels of BL405 inactivation and viral degradation for the experiments and controls, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James Malley
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering & Physical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA;
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3
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Yang Y, Liu Z, Chen M, Feng K, Qi R, Zheng Y, Wang Y, Kang H, Jiang Q, Yang M, Qu L, Liu J. Classification of genotypes based on the VP1 gene of feline calicivirus and study of cross-protection between different genotypes. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1226877. [PMID: 37614595 PMCID: PMC10442547 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1226877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Feline calicivirus (FCV) causes upper respiratory tract diseases and even death in cats, thereby acting as a great threat to feline animals. Currently, FCV prevention is mainly achieved through vaccination, but the effectiveness of vaccination is limited. In this study, 105 FCV strain VP1 sequences with clear backgrounds were downloaded from the NCBI and subjected to a maximum likelihood method for systematic evolutionary analysis. Based on the genetic analysis results, FCV-positive sera were prepared using SPF mice and Chinese field cats as target animals, followed by a cross-neutralization assay conducted on the different genotype strains and in vivo challenge tests were carried out to further verify with the strain with best cross-protection effect. The results revealed that FCV was mainly divided into two genotypes: GI and GII. The GI genotype strains are prevalent worldwide, but all GII genotype strains were isolated from Asia, indicating a clear geographical feature. This may form resistance to FCV prevention in Asia. The in vitro neutralization assay conducted using murine serum demonstrated that the cross-protection effect varied among strains. A strain with broad-spectrum neutralization properties, DL39, was screened. This strain could produce neutralizing titers (10 × 23.08-10 × 20.25) against all strains used in this study. The antibody titers against the GI strains were 10 × 23.08-10 × 20.5 and those against the GII strains were 10 × 20.75-10 × 20.25. Preliminary evidence suggested that the antibody titer of the DL39 strain against GI was higher than that against GII. Subsequent cross-neutralization assays with cat serum prepared with the DL39 strain and each strain simultaneously yielded results similar to those described above. In vivo challenge tests revealed that the DL39 strain-immunized cats outperformed the positive controls in all measures. The results of several trials demonstrated that strain DL39 can potentially be used as a vaccine strain. The study attempted to combine the genetic diversity and phylogenetic analysis of FCV with the discovery of potential vaccines, which is crucial for developing highly effective FCV vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Mengru Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Kexin Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Ruibin Qi
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yating Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongtao Kang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Qian Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Mingfa Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Liandong Qu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Jiasen Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
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4
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Genetic Evolution and Biological Characteristics of Feline Caliciviruses Isolated from Dogs. Transbound Emerg Dis 2023. [DOI: 10.1155/2023/1145176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a highly contagious pathogen associated with oral and upper respiratory tract diseases (URTD), and it is also possibly considered as an enteric pathogen. Some studies found FCV-like viruses in the enteric tract of dogs, but there was a lack of understanding regarding the epidemiology and biological properties of FCVs in dogs. In this study, 252 fecal/feces samples were collected from dogs, with or without diarrhea, from 2020 to 2021. There were 6 FCV-positive samples (2.41%, 6/252), from which only two FCVs were successfully isolated and the complete genome sequences obtained. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the two canine-origin FCV isolates belonged to genogroup I and formed a monophyletic cluster with previous FCV strains, sharing a common ancestor. However, there was genetic diversity when the nt identity of the VP1 proteins between the two canine-origin FCV isolates (77.4% nt identity) was compared. In particular, the genomic sequence of the canine/GXHC01-21 isolate showed evidence of recombination at the 3ʹ end of the ORF1 gene with sequence identity very similar to the FCV strain, GX2019, previously isolated from cats in Guangxi in 2019. A comparison of their replication properties indicated that the two isolates could not replicate efficiently in MDCK cells. This was also seen in the enteric FCV isolate, GXNN04-20. However, both displayed similar plaque phenotypes to the respiratory FCV isolate, GX01-13. In addition, it was found that sera from vaccinated cats had low cross-reactivity in a neutralizing antibody test against the two canine-origin FCV isolates. Moreover, high neutralizing antibody titers (≥1 : 128) against canine-origin FCV viruses were observed in the two canine serum samples. This confirmed that interspecies transmission had occurred between cats and dogs. Our results provided an in-depth understanding of the genetic evolution and characteristics of FCVs circulating in dogs.
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Palombieri A, Sarchese V, Giordano MV, Fruci P, Crisi PE, Aste G, Bongiovanni L, Rinaldi V, Sposato A, Camero M, Lanave G, Martella V, Marsilio F, Di Martino B, Di Profio F. Detection and Characterization of Feline Calicivirus Associated with Paw and Mouth Disease. Animals (Basel) 2022; 13:ani13010065. [PMID: 36611675 PMCID: PMC9818015 DOI: 10.3390/ani13010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Feline calicivirus (FCV) infection in cats can led to several diverse clinical presentations, ranging from mild upper respiratory signs to virulent systemic disease. Herein, we report a paw and mouth disease case in a 7-year-old household cat due to an FCV infection. An asymptomatic cat living in the same household was also infected with FCV. Clinical and pathological investigations were combined with the molecular and phenotypical characterization of the FCV strains. The RNA of the FCV was detected using qualitative and quantitative reverse transcription (RT)-PCR assays, and FCV antigen was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. After the whole genome analysis, the strains detected in the two cats appeared to be genetically diverse from FCVs previously detected in association with paw and mouth disease and with virulent systemic disease. Interestingly, the isolates obtained in this study were resistant to low pH conditions and slightly susceptible to bile salts, but they were susceptible to a trypsin treatment, revealing a phenotype pattern that is different from that which has been observed for respiratory FCVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Palombieri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Vittorio Sarchese
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | | | - Paola Fruci
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Paolo Emidio Crisi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Aste
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Laura Bongiovanni
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Valentina Rinaldi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Alessio Sposato
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università Aldo Moro di Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Camero
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università Aldo Moro di Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Gianvito Lanave
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università Aldo Moro di Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Vito Martella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università Aldo Moro di Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Fulvio Marsilio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Barbara Di Martino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Federica Di Profio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0861-266845
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Hofmann-Lehmann R, Hosie MJ, Hartmann K, Egberink H, Truyen U, Tasker S, Belák S, Boucraut-Baralon C, Frymus T, Lloret A, Marsilio F, Pennisi MG, Addie DD, Lutz H, Thiry E, Radford AD, Möstl K. Calicivirus Infection in Cats. Viruses 2022; 14:937. [PMID: 35632680 PMCID: PMC9145992 DOI: 10.3390/v14050937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a common pathogen in domestic cats that is highly contagious, resistant to many disinfectants and demonstrates a high genetic variability. FCV infection can lead to serious or even fatal diseases. In this review, the European Advisory Board on Cat Diseases (ABCD), a scientifically independent board of experts in feline medicine from 11 European countries, presents the current knowledge of FCV infection and fills gaps with expert opinions. FCV infections are particularly problematic in multicat environments. FCV-infected cats often show painful erosions in the mouth and mild upper respiratory disease and, particularly in kittens, even fatal pneumonia. However, infection can be associated with chronic gingivostomatitis. Rarely, highly virulent FCV variants can induce severe systemic disease with epizootic spread and high mortality. FCV can best be detected by reverse-transcriptase PCR. However, a negative result does not rule out FCV infection and healthy cats can test positive. All cats should be vaccinated against FCV (core vaccine); however, vaccination protects cats from disease but not from infection. Considering the high variability of FCV, changing to different vaccine strain(s) may be of benefit if disease occurs in fully vaccinated cats. Infection-induced immunity is not life-long and does not protect against all strains; therefore, vaccination of cats that have recovered from caliciviral disease is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Hofmann-Lehmann
- Clinical Laboratory, Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Margaret J. Hosie
- MRC—University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK;
| | - Katrin Hartmann
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 80539 Munich, Germany;
| | - Herman Egberink
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Utrecht, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Uwe Truyen
- Institute of Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Séverine Tasker
- Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS40 5DU, UK;
- Linnaeus Veterinary Limited, Shirley, Solihull B90 4BN, UK
| | - Sándor Belák
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health (BVF), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), P.O. Box 7036, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | | | - Tadeusz Frymus
- Department of Small Animal Diseases with Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Albert Lloret
- Fundació Hospital Clínic Veterinari, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Fulvio Marsilio
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy;
| | - Maria Grazia Pennisi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
| | - Diane D. Addie
- Veterinary Diagnostic Services, School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK;
| | - Hans Lutz
- Clinical Laboratory, Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Etienne Thiry
- Veterinary Virology and Animal Viral Diseases, Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health Research Centre, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Liège University, B-4000 Liège, Belgium;
| | - Alan D. Radford
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Chester High Road, Neston CH64 7TE, UK;
| | - Karin Möstl
- Institute of Virology, Department for Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria;
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Stamelou E, Giantsis IA, Papageorgiou KV, Petridou E, Davidson I, Polizopοulou ZS, Papa A, Kritas SK. Epidemiology of Astrovirus, Norovirus and Sapovirus in Greek pig farms indicates high prevalence of Mamastrovirus suggesting the potential need for systematic surveillance. Porcine Health Manag 2022; 8:5. [PMID: 35000615 PMCID: PMC8744241 DOI: 10.1186/s40813-021-00245-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Backround Astrovirus, Norovirus and Sapovirus exhibit a wide distribution in swine pig herds worldwide. However, the association of porcine Astrovirus (PAstV), porcine Norovirus (PoNoV) and porcine Sapovirus (PoSaV) with disease in pigs remains uncertain. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of PAstV, PoNoV and PoSaV in Greek pig farms using both conventional RT-PCR and SYBR-Green Real-time RT-PCR in an effort to compare the sensitivity of the two methods. We examined 1400 stool samples of asymptomatic pigs originating from 28 swine farms throughout Greece in pools of five. Results PAstV was detected in all 28 swine farms examined, with an overall prevalence of 267/280 positive pools (95.4%). Porcine Caliciviruses prevalence was found at 36 and 57 out of the 280 examined samples, by the conventional and SYBR-Green Real time RT-PCR, respectively. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the positive samples revealed that the detected PAstV sequences are clustered within PAstV1, 3 and 4 lineages, with PAstV3 being the predominant haplotype (91.2%). Interestingly, sequencing of the Calicivirus positive samples demonstrated the presence of non-target viruses, i.e. Sapovirus, Kobuvirus and Sapelovirus sequences and one sequence highly similar to bat Astrovirus, while no Norovirus sequence was detected. Conclusions The high prevalence of PAstV in Greek pig farms poses a necessity for further investigation of the pathogenicity of this virus and its inclusion in surveillance programs in case that it proves to be important. To our knowledge, this is the first epidemiological study of these viruses in pig farms in Greece. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40813-021-00245-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthymia Stamelou
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis A Giantsis
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Western Macedonia, 53100, Florina, Greece.
| | - Konstantinos V Papageorgiou
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evanthia Petridou
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Irit Davidson
- Kimron Veterinary Institute, 50250, Bet Dagan, Israel
| | - Zoe S Polizopοulou
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anna Papa
- Laboratory of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Spyridon K Kritas
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Li D, Cui Z, Li G, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Zhao H, Zhang S, Guo Y, Zhao Y, Men F, Zhao S, Shao J, Du D, Huang H, Wang K, Hu G, Li T, Zhao Y. Antiviral effect of copper chloride on feline calicivirus and synergy with ribavirin in vitro. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:231. [PMID: 32631322 PMCID: PMC7336648 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02441-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a common and highly prevalent pathogen causing upper respiratory diseases in kittens and felines in recent years. Due to the substantial genetic variability of the viral genes, existing vaccines cannot provide complete protection. Therefore, research on FCV antiviral drugs has received much attention. Results In this study, we found that copper chloride had dose-dependent antiviral effects on FCV in F81 cells. We also found that the combination of copper chloride and ribavirin had a synergistic protective effect against FCV in F81 cells. In contrast, the combination of copper chloride and horse anti-FCV immunoglobulin F (ab’)2 showed an antagonistic effect, likely because copper chloride has an effect on F (ab’)2 immunoglobulin; however, further research is needed to clarify this supposition. Conclusions In summary, we found that copper chloride had low cytotoxicity and significant antiviral effects on FCV in F81 cells, providing a new drug candidate for the prevention and treatment of FCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengliang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Zhanding Cui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Guohua Li
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 666 Liuying West Road, Changchun, 130122, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
| | - Liangting Zhang
- College of Continuing Education, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 666 Liuying West Road, Changchun, 130122, China.,College of Wildlife and Protected Area Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Han Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Yanbing Guo
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Yanli Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Fanxing Men
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Shihui Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Jiang Shao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Dongju Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Hailong Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Guixue Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Tiansong Li
- College of Science, Beihua University, Jilin, 132013, China.
| | - Yongkun Zhao
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 666 Liuying West Road, Changchun, 130122, China.
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9
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Turan T, Işıdan H. Molecular characterization of canine astrovirus, vesivirus and circovirus, isolated from diarrheic dogs in Turkey. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH 2020; 21:172-179. [PMID: 33178294 PMCID: PMC7608039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Canine astrovirus (CAstV) has been considered the primary cause of gastroenteritis in young animals worldwide, while canine vesivirus (CVeV) and canine circovirus (CCiV) are occasionally reported. AIMS This study aimed to investigate the existence and molecular characteristics for these three viruses in Turkey. Methods: Faecal samples from 150 shelter dogs with gastrointestinal problems (127 adults and 23 puppies) were collected and examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis based on the partial sequence of RdRp gene (ORF1b) for CAstV, ORF2 gene of CVeV and capsid protein (Cap) and replication associated protein (Rep) gene of CCiV. Randomly selected positive samples were submitted to sequencing and molecular analyses were conducted based on partial sequences. RESULTS It was found that 66% (99/150) of diarrhoeic dogs were positive for CAstV, 3.33% (5/150) for CVeV, and 6% (9/150) for CCiV. Four sub-genotypes for CAstV and two sub-genotypes for CVeV were suggested according to molecular analyses. The phylogenetic relationship of CCiV with other strains obtained from various areas was further demonstrated. CONCLUSION This study emphasizes the importance of emerging viruses for canids, classification of them and their proportional contribution in gastroenteritis cases. We concluded that astrovirus infection must be considered as the major cause of diarrhea in dogs; However, the prevalences of vesivirus and circovirus were relatively low in cases makes them less important in Turkey.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - H. Işıdan
- Virology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140, Sivas, Turkey
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10
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Guo H, Miao Q, Zhu J, Yang Z, Liu G. Isolation and molecular characterization of a virulent systemic feline calicivirus isolated in China. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2018; 65:425-429. [PMID: 30176370 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a virulent systemic (VS) feline calicivirus (FCV) strain, SH, was isolated from a household cat with severe systemic clinical signs, and its full-length genome was determined and analyzed. Through immunofluorescence assays (IFA) and western blotting assays, we found that FCV SH strain, like other isolates, can stably proliferate in Crandell feline kidney (CRFK) cells. Moreover, the typical morphology of FCV particles, with a diameter of about 35 nm, was observed using electron microscopy. The full-length genome of FCV strain SH was sequenced and determined to be 7704 nucleotides (nt) in length with a 5'-terminal untranslated region (UTR) of 19 nt and a 3'-terminal UTR of 67 nt. Three open reading frames (ORF1, ORF2, and ORF 3) were found within the genome, coding for a polypeptide, a capsid precursor (VP1) and a minor structural protein (VP2), respectively. Amino acid sequence comparison revealed diversity (from 82.2% to 88.5% homology) between the VP1 protein sequences of the SH/14 isolate and those of 33 reference isolates from different regions. Phylogenetic analyses using alignments of VP1 protein sequences showed that the SH/14 isolate shares the highest sequence homology with the reported VS-FCV George strain (88.5%), and is located in the same clade as other reported VS-FCV isolates, indicating that the FCV SH/14 strain is a VS-FCV isolate. However, the SH/14 strain does not belong to the same lineage as most other Chinese FCV isolates, suggesting that, in China, a very large geographical entity, the virulent systemic FCV might has emerged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Guo
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Qiuhong Miao
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Zhibiao Yang
- Shanghai Key laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Guangqing Liu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, PR China.
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11
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Characterization of a Vesivirus Associated with an Outbreak of Acute Hemorrhagic Gastroenteritis in Domestic Dogs. J Clin Microbiol 2018; 56:JCM.01951-17. [PMID: 29444830 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01951-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Four of eleven affected dogs died despite aggressive treatment during a 2015 focal outbreak of hemorrhagic gastroenteritis following a stay in a pet housing facility. Routine diagnostic investigations failed to identify a specific cause. Virus isolation from fresh necropsy tissues yielded a calicivirus with sequence homology to a vesivirus within the group colloquially known as the vesivirus 2117 strains that were originally identified as contaminants in CHO cell bioreactors. In situ hybridization and reverse transcription-PCR assays of tissues from the four deceased dogs confirmed the presence of canine vesivirus (CaVV) nucleic acids that localized to endothelial cells of arterial and capillary blood vessels. CaVV nucleic acid corresponded to areas of necrosis and hemorrhage primarily in the intestinal tract, but also in the brain of one dog with nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis. This is the first report of an atypical disease association with a putative hypervirulent vesivirus strain in dogs, as all other known strains of CaVV appear to cause nonclinical infections or relatively mild disease. After identification of the CU-296 vesivirus strain from this outbreak, four additional CaVV strains were amplified from unrelated fecal specimens and archived stocks provided by other laboratories. Broader questions include the origins, reservoir(s), and potential for reemergence and spread of these related CaVVs.
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12
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Caddy SL. New viruses associated with canine gastroenteritis. Vet J 2018; 232:57-64. [PMID: 29428093 PMCID: PMC7110870 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A number of novel viruses have been associated with canine gastroenteritis in recent years, from viral families as diverse as Caliciviridae and Picornaviridae to Parvoviridae and Circoviridae. The ability of many of these viruses to cause disease is uncertain, but epidemiological studies are continually adding to our knowledge of these potential pathogens. This review presents a summary of the latest research and current understanding of novel viruses associated with canine gastroenteritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Caddy
- Magdalene College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Medical Research Council (MRC) Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.
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13
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Host-Specific Glycans Are Correlated with Susceptibility to Infection by Lagoviruses, but Not with Their Virulence. J Virol 2018; 92:JVI.01759-17. [PMID: 29187537 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01759-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) and European brown hare syndrome virus (EBHSV) are two lagoviruses from the family Caliciviridae that cause fatal diseases in two leporid genera, Oryctolagus and Lepus, respectively. In the last few years, several examples of host jumps of lagoviruses among leporids were recorded. In addition, a new pathogenic genotype of RHDV emerged, and many nonpathogenic strains of lagoviruses have been described. The molecular mechanisms behind host shifts and the emergence of virulence are unknown. Since RHDV uses glycans of the histo-blood group antigen type as attachment factors to initiate infection, we studied if glycan specificities of the new pathogenic RHDV genotype, nonpathogenic lagoviruses, and EBHSV potentially play a role in determining the host range and virulence of lagoviruses. We observed binding to A, B, or H antigens of the histo-blood group family for all strains known to primarily infect European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), which have recently been classified as GI strains. However, we could not explain the emergence of virulence, since similar glycan specificities were found in several pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains. In contrast, EBHSV, recently classified as GII.1, bound to terminal β-linked N-acetylglucosamine residues of O-glycans. Expression of these attachment factors in the upper respiratory and digestive tracts in three lagomorph species (Oryctolagus cuniculus, Lepus europaeus, and Sylvilagus floridanus) showed species-specific patterns regarding susceptibility to infection by these viruses, indicating that species-specific glycan expression is likely a major contributor to lagovirus host specificity and range.IMPORTANCE Lagoviruses constitute a genus of the family Caliciviridae comprising highly pathogenic viruses, RHDV and EBHSV, that infect rabbits and hares, respectively. Recently, nonpathogenic strains were discovered and new pathogenic strains have emerged. In addition, host jumps between lagomorphs have been observed. The mechanisms responsible for the emergence of pathogenicity and host species range are unknown. Previous studies showed that RHDV strains attach to glycans expressed in the upper respiratory and digestive tracts of rabbits, the likely portals of virus entry. Here, we studied the glycan-binding properties of novel pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains looking for a link between glycan binding and virulence or between glycan specificity and host range. We found that glycan binding did not correlate with virulence. However, expression of glycan motifs in the upper respiratory and digestive tracts of lagomorphs revealed species-specific patterns associated with the host ranges of the virus strains, suggesting that glycan diversity contributes to lagovirus host ranges.
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Zhao Y, Chen X, Ying Y, Wang K, Dong H, Gao C, Yang S, Hu G. Isolation and phylogenetic analysis of three feline calicivirus strains from domestic cats in Jilin Province, China. Arch Virol 2017; 162:2579-2589. [PMID: 28478577 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-017-3392-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a highly prevalent pathogen that can cause infectious felid upper respiratory tract disease. The majority of complete genome sequences of FCV strains reported to date are from the USA. In this study, three FCV strains, CH-JL1, CH-JL2 and CH-JL3, were isolated from domestic cats in Jilin Province, China. Sequence analysis revealed that except for strains HRB-SS, WZ-1, XH, 12Q087-1 and 12Q087-5, the 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of CH-JL2 and CH-JL3 are more than 20 nucleotides longer than those of all other reference isolates. The complete sequences of the three CH-JLs were compared with other reference strains, with nucleotide sequence identity values in the range of 76.2%-82.2%, 76.8%-96.4 and 76.8%-96.4%. Phylogenetic analysis showed that CH-JL1 forms a branch with FB-NJ-13, GD, 12Q087-1 and 12Q087-5. CH-JL2 was found to be most closely related to CH-JL3, forming another branch together with the other isolates. CH-JL1 shares a long nucleotide span with CH-JL2 and CH-JL3. It can be inferred that many FCV strains are co-circulating in Jilin Province. The availability of complete genome sequences will serve as a reference for future epidemiological studies of FCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Xincheng Street No. 2888, Changchun, 130118, China
- Library, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Xincheng Street No. 2888, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Ying Ying
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Xincheng Street No. 2888, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Xincheng Street No. 2888, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Hongwei Dong
- Jilin Agricultural Radio and Television School, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Chao Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Songtao Yang
- Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun, 130122, China
| | - Guixue Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Xincheng Street No. 2888, Changchun, 130118, China.
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15
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Identification of a novel canine norovirus. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2017; 52:75-81. [PMID: 28450084 PMCID: PMC7185614 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
By screening a collection of fecal samples from young dogs from different European countries, noroviruses (NoVs) were found in 13/294 (4.4%) animals with signs of enteritis whilst they were not detected in healthy dogs (0/42). An informative portion of the genome (3.4 kb at the 3′ end) was generated for four NoV strains. In the capsid protein VP1 region, strains 63.15/2015/ITA and FD53/2007/ITA were genetically related to the canine GVI.2 strain C33/Viseu/2007/PRT (97.4–98.6% nt and 90.3–98.6% aa). Strain FD210/2007/ITA displayed the highest identity to the GVI.1 canine strain Bari/91/2007/ITA (88.0% nt and 95.0% aa). Strain 5010/2009/ITA displayed only 66.6–67.6% nt and 75.5–81.6% aa identities to the GVI.1 canine strains FD210/2007/ITA and Bari/91/2007/ITA and the GVI feline strain M49-1/2012/JPN. Identity to the other canine/feline NoVs strains in the VP1 was lower than 67.6% nt and 62.7% aa. Based on the full-length VP1 amino acid sequence and the criteria proposed for distinction of NoV genotypes, the canine NoV 5010/2009/ITA could represent the prototype of a third GVI genotype, thus providing further evidence for the genetic heterogeneity of NoVs in carnivores. Noroviruses are important human pathogens, also found in several animal species. Canine noroviruses were detected in 4.4% (13/294) of diarrhoeic dogs. Upon genome sequencing, a novel canine norovirus was identified. The observed genetic diversity may pose a challenge for diagnostics.
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16
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Di Martino B, Di Profio F, Bodnar L, Melegari I, Sarchese V, Massirio I, Dowgier G, Lanave G, Marsilio F, Bányai K, Buonavoglia C, Martella V. Seroprevalence for 2117-like vesiviruses in Italian household dogs. Vet Microbiol 2017; 201:14-17. [PMID: 28284600 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In 2003, a novel calicivirus, the vesivirus (VeV) strain 2117, was identified incidentally as a contaminant in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cell cultures by a German pharmaceutical company. Similar contaminations have been documented in three additional episodes, in bio-reactors used for production of recombinant drugs. More, recently 2117-like VeVs have also been identified at high prevalence in the stools from asymptomatic kennel dogs and only sporadically in diarrhoeic and healthy household dogs. In this study, antibodies for 2117-like viruses were detected in 21.5% of sera from household dogs, indicating that they are common viruses in the canine host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Di Martino
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Italy.
| | | | - Livia Bodnar
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università Aldo Moro di Bari, Valenzano, Italy
| | - Irene Melegari
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Italy
| | - Vittorio Sarchese
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Italy
| | | | - Giulia Dowgier
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università Aldo Moro di Bari, Valenzano, Italy
| | - Gianvito Lanave
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università Aldo Moro di Bari, Valenzano, Italy
| | - Fulvio Marsilio
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Italy
| | - Krisztián Bányai
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Canio Buonavoglia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università Aldo Moro di Bari, Valenzano, Italy
| | - Vito Martella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università Aldo Moro di Bari, Valenzano, Italy
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Tian J, Liu D, Liu Y, Wu H, Jiang Y, Zu S, Liu C, Sun X, Liu J, Qu L. Molecular characterization of a feline calicivirus isolated from tiger and its pathogenesis in cats. Vet Microbiol 2016; 192:110-117. [PMID: 27527772 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a virus that causes respiratory disease in cats. In this study, the FCV TIG-1 was isolated from Siberian tiger feces collected in 2014 in Heilongjiang Province, China. Phylogenetic analysis among TIG-1 and other FCVs showed that TIG-1 does not share the same lineage with other FCV isolates from Heilongjiang or other regions in China but is located in the same cluster with the FCV strain Urbana, which was isolated from the United States. The growth kinetics in vitro and the pathogenicity in cats between TIG-1 and the domestic cat-origin FCV strain F9 (vaccine strain) and strain 2280 were compared. We found that the growth kinetics of strains TIG-1 and 2280 were faster than that of strain F9 from 12h to 36h post-infection, indicating that strains TIG-1 and 2280 produce infectious virions and reach peak yields earlier. Challenge experiments in cats showed that TIG-1 grew faster than the other two strains in the lungs of cats and that TIG-1 is a virulent FCV with 100% morbidity and lethality. In addition, the histopathological results showed that the virulent TIG-1 strain directly led to severe lung tissue damage and indirectly led to intestinal damage. The results presented here show that a tiger-origin FCV exhibits high virulence in cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Tian
- Division of Zoonosis of Natural Foci, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China.
| | - Dafei Liu
- Division of Zoonosis of Natural Foci, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yongxiang Liu
- Division of Zoonosis of Natural Foci, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Hongxia Wu
- Division of Zoonosis of Natural Foci, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yanmei Jiang
- Division of Zoonosis of Natural Foci, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, PR China
| | - Shaopo Zu
- Division of Zoonosis of Natural Foci, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Chunguo Liu
- Division of Zoonosis of Natural Foci, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Xue Sun
- Division of Zoonosis of Natural Foci, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Jiasen Liu
- Division of Zoonosis of Natural Foci, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Liandong Qu
- Division of Zoonosis of Natural Foci, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China.
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18
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Martella V, Pinto P, Lorusso E, Di Martino B, Wang Q, Larocca V, Cavalli A, Camero M, Decaro N, Bányai K, Saif LJ, Buonavoglia C. Detection and Full-Length Genome Characterization of Novel Canine Vesiviruses. Emerg Infect Dis 2016. [PMID: 26196075 PMCID: PMC4517720 DOI: 10.3201/eid2108.140900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Vesiviruses have been detected in several animal species and as accidental contaminants of cells. We detected vesiviruses in asymptomatic kennel dogs (64.8%) and symptomatic (1.1%) and asymptomatic (3.5%) household dogs in Italy. The full-length genome of 1 strain, Bari/212/07/ITA, shared 89%–90% nt identity with vesiviruses previously detected in contaminated cells.
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Rong S, Lowery D, Floyd-Hawkins K, King V. Characterization of an avirulent FCV strain with a broad serum cross-neutralization profile and protection against challenge of a highly virulent vs feline calicivirus. Virus Res 2014; 188:60-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2014.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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