1
|
Campos ÁSÁ, Akineden Ö, Fernández-Silva JA, Ramírez-Vásquez NF. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and risk factors associated with high total bacterial count in bulk tank milk from dairy farms in Colombia. Braz J Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s42770-024-01396-w. [PMID: 38874745 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01396-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of the study was to evaluate the frequency and genetic characteristics of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. and the risk factors associated with a high total bacterial count in bulk tank milk samples of dairy farms in three municipalities of the Antioquia Department, Colombia. Fifteen samples were positive for E. coli and Klebsiella spp. Subsequent analysis of the 16 S rRNA gene sequences confirmed these isolates included E. coli (n = 3), K. oxytoca (n = 11), and K. pneumoniae (n = 1). None of the isolates was positive for ESBL identification by phenotypic methods, but the only the isolate of K. pneumoniae was positive for the blaSHV61 gene by sequence analysis. The antibiotic susceptibility evaluation for all Klebsiella spp. isolates identified resistance to fosfomycin (50%; 6/12) and ampicillin (100%; 12/12). While most of the herds maintain adequate hygienic quality, specific risk factors such as having more than 60 milking cows, frequent changes in milkers, milking in paddocks, and using a chlorinated product for pre-dipping have been identified as associated with a high total bacterial count > 100,000 CFU/mL in bulk tank milk. However, certain variables including the milker being the owner of the animals and the proper washing and disinfection of the milking machine contribute to maintain a high level of hygiene and quality in the raw milk stored in the tanks. In conclusion, the frequency of ESBL producers was relatively low, with only K. pneumoniae testing positive for the blaSHV ESBL type. The presence of these bacteria in milk tanks represents a potential risk to public health for consumers of raw milk and its derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ángela-Sofía Ágredo Campos
- Grupo Centauro, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Ömer Akineden
- Dairy Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Food Science, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Ludwigstrasse 21, 35390, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jorge A Fernández-Silva
- Grupo Centauro, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Nicolás F Ramírez-Vásquez
- Grupo Centauro, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ballesteros-Monrreal MG, Mendez-Pfeiffer P, Ortíz B, Bolado-Martínez E, Álvarez-Ainza ML, Enciso-Martínez Y, Arenas-Hernández MMP, Diaz-Murrieta B, Barrios-Villa E, Valencia D. Uropathogenic E. coli and Hybrid Pathotypes in Mexican Women with Urinary Tract Infections: A Comprehensive Molecular and Phenotypic Overview. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:5909-5928. [PMID: 38921024 PMCID: PMC11202577 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46060353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the main cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and carries virulence and resistance factors often found in mobilizable genetic elements, such as plasmids or pathogenicity islands (PAIs). UPEC is part of the extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC), but hybrid strains possessing both diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC) and ExPEC traits, termed "hypervirulent", present a significant health threat. This study assessed the prevalence of UPEC PAIs, ExPEC sequence types (ST), DEC genes, carbapenemase and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) phenotypes, resistance genotypes, and plasmids in 40 clinical isolates of UPEC. Results showed that 72.5% of isolates had PAIs, mainly PAI IV536 (53%). ESBL phenotypes were found in 65% of β-lactam-resistant isolates, with 100% of carbapenem-resistant isolates producing carbapenemase. The predominant ESBL gene was blaCTX-M-2 (60%), and the most common resistance gene in fluoroquinolone and aminoglycoside-resistant isolates was aac(6')Ib (93%). Plasmids were present in 57% of isolates, and 70% belonged to the ST131 clonal group. Molecular markers for DEC pathotypes were detected in 20 isolates, with 60% classified as hybrid pathotypes. These findings indicate significant pathogenic potential and the presence of hybrid pathotypes in E. coli UTI clinical isolates in the Mexican population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel G. Ballesteros-Monrreal
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Sonora, Caborca CP 83621, Sonora, Mexico; (M.G.B.-M.); (P.M.-P.); (Y.E.-M.); (B.D.-M.)
| | - Pablo Mendez-Pfeiffer
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Sonora, Caborca CP 83621, Sonora, Mexico; (M.G.B.-M.); (P.M.-P.); (Y.E.-M.); (B.D.-M.)
| | - Bryan Ortíz
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa 11101, Honduras;
| | - Enrique Bolado-Martínez
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo CP 83000, Sonora, Mexico; (E.B.-M.); (M.L.Á.-A.)
| | - Maritza Lizeth Álvarez-Ainza
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo CP 83000, Sonora, Mexico; (E.B.-M.); (M.L.Á.-A.)
| | - Yessica Enciso-Martínez
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Sonora, Caborca CP 83621, Sonora, Mexico; (M.G.B.-M.); (P.M.-P.); (Y.E.-M.); (B.D.-M.)
| | - Margarita M. P. Arenas-Hernández
- Posgrado en Microbiología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla CP 72570, Pue, Mexico
| | - Betsaida Diaz-Murrieta
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Sonora, Caborca CP 83621, Sonora, Mexico; (M.G.B.-M.); (P.M.-P.); (Y.E.-M.); (B.D.-M.)
| | - Edwin Barrios-Villa
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Sonora, Caborca CP 83621, Sonora, Mexico; (M.G.B.-M.); (P.M.-P.); (Y.E.-M.); (B.D.-M.)
| | - Dora Valencia
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Sonora, Caborca CP 83621, Sonora, Mexico; (M.G.B.-M.); (P.M.-P.); (Y.E.-M.); (B.D.-M.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bachmann L, Weber L, Liermann W, Hammon HM, Delling C, Dengler F, Schaufler K, Schwabe M, Eger E, Becker K, Schütz A, Homeier-Bachmann T. Colostrum as a source of ESBL-Escherichia coli in feces of newborn calves. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9929. [PMID: 38688984 PMCID: PMC11061148 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60461-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine if colostrum and the equipment for harvesting and feeding colostrum are sources of fecal ESBL/AmpC-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL/AmpC-E. coli) in calves. Therefore, 15 male calves fed with pooled colostrum on a dairy farm and held individually in an experimental barn, the colostrum pool and the equipment for harvesting and feeding colostrum were sampled and analyzed for the occurrence of ESBL/AmpC-E. coli. The ESBL-AmpC-E. coli suspicious isolates were subjected to whole-genome sequence analysis. Forty-three of 45 fecal samples were tested positive for ESBL/AmpC-E. coli. In the colostrum sample and in the milking pot, we also found ESBL/AmpC-E. coli. All 45 E. coli isolates were ESBL-producers, mainly commensal sequence type (ST) 10, but also human-extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli ST131 and ST117 were found. The clonal identity of six fecal isolates with the ESBL-E. coli isolate from the colostrum and of five fecal isolates with the strain from the milking pot demonstrates that the hygiene of colostrum or the colostrum equipment can play a significant role in the spread of ESBL-E. coli. Effective sanitation procedures for colostrum harvesting and feeding equipment are crucial to reduce the ESBL-E. coli shedding of neonatal dairy calves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Bachmann
- University of Applied Science Neubrandenburg, Brodaer Str. 2, 17033, Neubrandenburg, Germany.
- Research Institute of Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany.
| | - Laura Weber
- University of Applied Science Neubrandenburg, Brodaer Str. 2, 17033, Neubrandenburg, Germany
| | - Wendy Liermann
- Research Institute of Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Harald M Hammon
- Research Institute of Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Cora Delling
- Institute for Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Franziska Dengler
- Institute of Physiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Schaufler
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department Epidemiology and Ecology of Antimicrobial Resistance, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Helmholtz Institute for One Health, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Infection Medicine, Christian-Albrecht University Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Schwabe
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Elias Eger
- Department Epidemiology and Ecology of Antimicrobial Resistance, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Helmholtz Institute for One Health, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Karsten Becker
- Friedrich Loeffler-Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anne Schütz
- Institute of Epidemiology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute, Greifswald, Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Timo Homeier-Bachmann
- Institute of Epidemiology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute, Greifswald, Insel Riems, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nery Garcia BL, Dantas STA, da Silva Barbosa K, Mendes Mitsunaga T, Butters A, Camargo CH, Nobrega DB. Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli and Other Antimicrobial-Resistant Gram-Negative Pathogens Isolated from Bovine Mastitis: A One Health Perspective. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:391. [PMID: 38786120 PMCID: PMC11117280 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13050391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses an imminent threat to global public health, driven in part by the widespread use of antimicrobials in both humans and animals. Within the dairy cattle industry, Gram-negative coliforms such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae stand out as major causative agents of clinical mastitis. These same bacterial species are frequently associated with severe infections in humans, including bloodstream and urinary tract infections, and contribute significantly to the alarming surge in antimicrobial-resistant bacterial infections worldwide. Additionally, mastitis-causing coliforms often carry AMR genes akin to those found in hospital-acquired strains, notably the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes. This raises concerns regarding the potential transmission of resistant bacteria and AMR from mastitis cases in dairy cattle to humans. In this narrative review, we explore the distinctive characteristics of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli and Klebsiella spp. strains implicated in clinical mastitis and human infections. We focus on the molecular mechanisms underlying AMR in these bacterial populations and critically evaluate the potential for interspecies transmission. Despite some degree of similarity observed in sequence types and mobile genetic elements between strains found in humans and cows, the existing literature does not provide conclusive evidence to assert that coliforms responsible for mastitis in cows pose a direct threat to human health. Finally, we also scrutinize the existing literature, identifying gaps and limitations, and propose avenues for future research to address these pressing challenges comprehensively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Breno Luis Nery Garcia
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil; (B.L.N.G.); (S.T.A.D.); (K.d.S.B.); (T.M.M.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada;
| | - Stéfani Thais Alves Dantas
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil; (B.L.N.G.); (S.T.A.D.); (K.d.S.B.); (T.M.M.)
| | - Kristian da Silva Barbosa
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil; (B.L.N.G.); (S.T.A.D.); (K.d.S.B.); (T.M.M.)
| | - Thatiane Mendes Mitsunaga
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil; (B.L.N.G.); (S.T.A.D.); (K.d.S.B.); (T.M.M.)
| | - Alyssa Butters
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada;
| | | | - Diego Borin Nobrega
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang K, Feng H, Zhang J, Guo Z, Yan Z, Wang G, Wang X, Wang L, Li J. Prevalence and molecular characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates from dairy cattle with endometritis in Gansu Province, China. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:19. [PMID: 38195531 PMCID: PMC10777567 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03868-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence and molecular characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolated from dairy cattle with endometritis in China. The prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli in sample was detected using ChromID ESBL agar, and genotyping of the ESBL producers was performed by PCR and DNA sequencing. RESULTS The results revealed that the proportion of positive pathogens tested was 69.76% (180/258) in samples obtained from cows diagnosed with clinical endometritis, with E. coli accounting for 170 out of the 180 positive samples. The infection rate of isolated E. coli was 39.14% (101/258), and co-infections with other pathogens were prevalent. Furthermore, among the 158 E. coli isolates, 50 strains were identified as ESBL producers, with TEM and CTX-M prevalence rates at 78.00% and 32.00%, respectively. Drug sensitivity experiments indicated that 50 isolates of ESBL- producing E. coli were multidrug resistance (MDR), with 48.0% of them exhibiting positive results for both the class 1 integron gene and five gene cassettes associated with resistance to trimethoprim (dfr1 and dfrA17) and aminoglycosides (aadA1, aadA5, and dfrA1), respectively. CONCLUSION This investigation demonstrated a substantial prevalence and heightened level of antimicrobial resistance among ESBL-producing E. coli isolates derived from dairy cattle infected with endometritis in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kang Zhang
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730050, China
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Haipeng Feng
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Jingyan Zhang
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Zhiting Guo
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Zunxiang Yan
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Guibo Wang
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Xuezhi Wang
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730050, China.
| | - Jianxi Li
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730050, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
de Jong E, McCubbin KD, Uyama T, Brummelhuis C, Bodaneze J, Kelton DF, Dufour S, Sanchez J, Roy JP, Heider LC, Rizzo D, Léger D, Barkema HW. Adoption and decision factors regarding selective treatment of clinical mastitis on Canadian dairy farms. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:476-488. [PMID: 37709015 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
As clinical mastitis (CM) treatments are responsible for a large portion of antimicrobial use on dairy farms, many selective CM treatment protocols have been developed and evaluated against a blanket treatment approach of CM cases. Selective treatment protocols use outcomes of diagnostic tests to exclude CM cases from antimicrobial treatment when they are unlikely to benefit. To tailor interventions to increase uptake of selective treatment strategies, a comprehension of current on-farm treatment practices and factors affecting treatment decisions is vital. Two questionnaires were conducted among 142 farms across 5 provinces participating in the Canadian Dairy Network for Antimicrobial Stewardship and Resistance in this cross-sectional study. Self-reported adoption of selective CM treatments by dairy farmers was 64%, with median of 82% of cows treated in those herds using selective treatment. Using logistic regression models, the odds to implement a selective CM treatment protocol increased with a decreasing average cow somatic cell count. No other associations were identified between use of a selective CM treatment protocol and farm characteristics (herd size, CM incidence, province, milking system, and housing system). Three subsets of farmers making cow-level CM treatment decisions were identified using a cluster analysis approach: those who based decisions almost exclusively on severity of clinical signs, those who used various udder health indicators, and farmers who also incorporated more general cow information such as production, age, and genetics. When somatic cell count was considered, the median threshold used for treating was >300,000 cells/mL at the last Dairy Herd Improvement test. Various thresholds were present among those considering CM case history. Veterinary laboratories were most frequently used for bacteriological testing. Test results were used to start, change, and stop treatments. Regardless of protocol, reasons for antimicrobial treatment withheld included cow being on a cull list, having a chronic intramammary infection, or being at end of lactation (i.e., close to dry off). If clinical signs persisted after treatment, farmers indicated that they would ask veterinarians for advice, stop treatment, or continue with the same or different antibiotics. Results of this study can be used to design interventions targeting judicious mastitis-related antimicrobial use, and aid discussions between veterinarians and dairy producers regarding CM-related antimicrobial use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen de Jong
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2N 4N1; One Health at UCalgary, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2N 4N1
| | - Kayley D McCubbin
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2N 4N1; One Health at UCalgary, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2N 4N1
| | - Tamaki Uyama
- Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, N1G 2W1
| | - Carmen Brummelhuis
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584CS Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Julia Bodaneze
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2N 4N1; One Health at UCalgary, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2N 4N1
| | - David F Kelton
- Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, N1G 2W1
| | - Simon Dufour
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Canada, J2S 2M2
| | - Javier Sanchez
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PEI, Canada, C1A 4P3
| | - Jean-Philippe Roy
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Canada, J2S 2M2
| | - Luke C Heider
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PEI, Canada, C1A 4P3
| | - Daniella Rizzo
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Centre for Foodborne, Environmental and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Guelph, ON, Canada, N1H 8J1
| | - David Léger
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Centre for Foodborne, Environmental and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Guelph, ON, Canada, N1H 8J1
| | - Herman W Barkema
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2N 4N1; One Health at UCalgary, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2N 4N1.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Negeri AA, Mamo H, Gahlot DK, Gurung JM, Seyoum ET, Francis MS. Characterization of plasmids carrying bla CTX-M genes among extra-intestinal Escherichia coli clinical isolates in Ethiopia. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8595. [PMID: 37237011 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35402-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
CTX-Ms are encoded by blaCTX-M genes and are widely distributed extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs). They are the most important antimicrobial resistance (AMR) mechanism to β-lactam antibiotics in the Enterobacteriaceae. However, the role of transmissible AMR plasmids in the dissemination of blaCTX-M genes has scarcely been studied in Africa where the burden of AMR is high and rapidly spreading. In this study, AMR plasmid transmissibility, replicon types and addiction systems were analysed in CTX-M-producing Escherichia coli clinical isolates in Ethiopia with a goal to provide molecular insight into mechanisms underlying such high prevalence and rapid dissemination. Of 100 CTX-Ms-producing isolates obtained from urine (84), pus (10) and blood (6) from four geographically distinct healthcare settings, 75% carried transmissible plasmids encoding for CTX-Ms, with CTX-M-15 being predominant (n = 51). Single IncF plasmids with the combination of F-FIA-FIB (n = 17) carried the bulk of blaCTX-M-15 genes. In addition, IncF plasmids were associated with multiple addiction systems, ISEcp1 and various resistance phenotypes for non-cephalosporin antibiotics. Moreover, IncF plasmid carriage is associated with the international pandemic E. coli ST131 lineage. Furthermore, several CTX-M encoding plasmids were associated with serum survival of the strains, but less so with biofilm formation. Hence, both horizontal gene transfer and clonal expansion may contribute to the rapid and widespread distribution of blaCTX-M genes among E. coli populations in Ethiopian clinical settings. This information is relevant for local epidemiology and surveillance, but also for global understanding of the successful dissemination of AMR gene carrying plasmids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abebe Aseffa Negeri
- National Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology Reference Laboratory, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Department of Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Hassen Mamo
- Department of Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Dharmender K Gahlot
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Umeå Centre for Microbial Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jyoti M Gurung
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Umeå Centre for Microbial Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Eyasu Tigabu Seyoum
- Global One Health Initiative of the Ohio State University, East African Regional Office, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Matthew S Francis
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
- Umeå Centre for Microbial Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Freire S, Grilo T, Rodrigues B, Oliveira R, Esteves C, Marques A, Poirel L, Aires-de-Sousa M. ESBL- and Carbapenemase-Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae among Bivalves from Portuguese Shellfish Production Areas. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11020415. [PMID: 36838380 PMCID: PMC9965403 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Bivalves are filter-feeding organisms and biomarkers of bacterial pollution. Our study aimed to analyze the occurrence and characteristics of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)- and carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli among bivalves. A total of 522 bivalve samples were collected along Portuguese shellfish production areas. Homogenized samples were screened for E. coli contamination on corresponding selective plates, allowing for concomitant growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae. E. coli growth was observed in 39% of the samples. Subsequent selective screening identified nine samples (4.4%) contaminated with ESBL producers, corresponding to E. coli (n = 7) and K. pneumoniae (n = 2), while a single carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae (0.5%) was identified. ESBLs were all CTX-M-types commonly identified in human isolates, i.e., CTX-M-32 (n = 4), CTX-M-15 (n = 4), and CTX-M-14 (n = 1). The carbapenemase producer harbored the blaGES-5 gene located on a ColE plasmid. Clonality was evaluated by multilocus sequence typing, identifying E. coli backgrounds as ST10, ST23, ST540, ST617, ST746, SLV206, and SLV2325, commonly identified among environmental and human strains. The K. pneumoniae isolates belonged to ST834, ST15, and DLV644. The occurrence of ESBL- and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in bivalves reveals how the marine environment constitutes a reservoir of critical bacterial pathogens, thus potentially representing a risk to human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samanta Freire
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Portuguese Red Cross, 1600-680 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Teresa Grilo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Portuguese Red Cross, 1600-680 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Bruna Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Portuguese Red Cross, 1600-680 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rui Oliveira
- Instituto Português do Mar e Atmosfera, 1495-165 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carla Esteves
- Instituto Português do Mar e Atmosfera, 1495-165 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - António Marques
- Instituto Português do Mar e Atmosfera, 1495-165 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Laurent Poirel
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology Unit, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
- INSERM European Unit (IAME, France), University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Marta Aires-de-Sousa
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Portuguese Red Cross, 1600-680 Lisboa, Portugal
- Escola Superior de Saúde da Cruz Vermelha Portuguesa—Lisboa (ESSCVP-Lisboa), 1300-125 Lisboa, Portugal
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-918184751
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Naranjo-Lucena A, Slowey R. Invited review: Antimicrobial resistance in bovine mastitis pathogens: A review of genetic determinants and prevalence of resistance in European countries. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:1-23. [PMID: 36333144 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is an urgent and growing problem worldwide, both for human and animal health. In the animal health sector actions have been taken as concerns grow regarding the development and spread of antimicrobial resistance. Mastitis is the most common infection in dairy cattle. We aimed to summarize the genetic determinants found in staphylococci, streptococci, and Enterobacteriaceae isolated from mastitic milk samples and provide a comparison of percentage resistance to a variety of antimicrobials in European countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amalia Naranjo-Lucena
- National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Backweston Laboratory Campus, Celbridge, Ireland W23 VW2C.
| | - Rosemarie Slowey
- National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Backweston Laboratory Campus, Celbridge, Ireland W23 VW2C
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kikuchi M, Okabe T, Shimizu H, Matsui T, Matsuda F, Haga T, Fujimoto K, Endo Y, Sugiura K. Antimicrobial use and its association with the presence of methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL)-producing coliforms in mastitic milk on dairy farms in the Chiba Prefecture, Japan. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12381. [PMID: 36582722 PMCID: PMC9793267 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Food-producing animals, including dairy cattle, are potential reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance. However, there is limited data on antimicrobial use and the selection of resistant bacteria. Therefore, we investigated the association between antimicrobial use and resistance to mastitis pathogens using 2016 data from milk samples collected from cows with mastitis in 134 dairy farms in Chiba Prefecture, one of the principal dairy production prefectures in Japan. We recorded the antimicrobial use and isolation of methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing coliforms (E. coli and Klebsiella spp.), and used the antimicrobial treatment incidence (ATI; the theoretical number of animals per 1000 animal-days subjected to antimicrobial treatment) to indicate antimicrobial use on each farm. The farms in which MRS or ESBL-producing coliforms were isolated from at least one mastitic milk sample were classified as antimicrobial resistance (AMR)-positive, and those in which neither MRS nor ESBL-producing coliforms were isolated were classified as AMR-negative. The AMR-positive farms showed a significantly higher ATI (median 45.17) than AMR-negative farms (median 38.40). The results indicate that high antimicrobial usage is associated with AMR in staphylococci and coliforms isolated from mastitic milk on dairy farms in Chiba Prefecture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masato Kikuchi
- Chiba Prefectural Agricultural Mutual Aid Association, Chiba, Japan,Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuma Okabe
- Chiba Prefectural Agricultural Mutual Aid Association, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Takashi Matsui
- Chiba Prefectural Agricultural Mutual Aid Association, Chiba, Japan
| | - Fuko Matsuda
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Haga
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyoko Fujimoto
- Laboratory of Environmental Sciences for Sustainable Development, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Endo
- Laboratory of Environmental Sciences for Sustainable Development, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuaki Sugiura
- Laboratory of Environmental Sciences for Sustainable Development, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan,Nippon Institute for Biological Science, Ome, Tokyo, Japan,Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Genetic and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Mammary Pathogenic E. coli (MPEC) Isolates from Bovine Clinical Mastitis. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11121435. [PMID: 36558768 PMCID: PMC9781227 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11121435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammary pathogenic E. coli (MPEC) is one of the main pathogens of environmental origin responsible for causing clinical mastitis worldwide. Even though E. coli are strongly associated with transient or persistent mastitis and the economic impacts of this disease, the virulence factors involved in the pathogenesis of MPEC remain unknown. Our aim was to characterize 110 MPEC isolates obtained from the milk of cows with clinical mastitis, regarding the virulence factor-encoding genes present, adherence patterns on HeLa cells, and antimicrobial resistance profile. The MPEC isolates were classified mainly in phylogroups A (50.9%) and B1 (38.2%). None of the isolates harbored genes used for diarrheagenic E. coli classification, but 26 (23.6%) and 4 (3.6%) isolates produced the aggregative or diffuse adherence pattern, respectively. Among the 22 genes investigated, encoding virulence factors associated with extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli pathogenesis, fimH (93.6%) was the most frequent, followed by traT (77.3%) and ompT (68.2%). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis revealed six pulse-types with isolates obtained over time, thus indicating persistent intramammary infections. The genes encoding beta-lactamases detected were as follows: blaTEM (35/31.8%); blaCTX-M-2/blaCTX-M-8 (2/1.8%); blaCTX-M-15 and blaCMY-2 (1/0.9%); five isolates were classified as extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers. As far as we know, papA, shf, ireA, sat and blaCTX-M-8 were detected for the first time in MPEC. In summary, the genetic profile of the MPEC studied was highly heterogeneous, making it impossible to establish a common genetic profile useful for molecular MPEC classification. Moreover, the detection of ESBL-producing isolates is a serious public health concern.
Collapse
|
12
|
Jouini A, Klibi A, Kmiha S, Hamrouni S, Ghram A, Maaroufi A. Lineages, Virulence Gene Associated and Integrons among Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) and CMY-2 Producing Enterobacteriaceae from Bovine Mastitis, in Tunisia. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11080948. [PMID: 36015067 PMCID: PMC9416333 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11080948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) Enterobacteriaceae are becoming widespread enzymes in food-producing animals worldwide. Escherichia coli and Klebseilla pneumoniae are two of the most significant pathogens causing mastitis. Our study focused on the characterization of the genetic support of ESBL/pAmpC and antibiotic resistance mechanisms in cefotaxime-resistant (CTXR) and susceptible (CTXS) Enterobacteriaceae isolates, recovered from bovine mastitis in Tunisia, as well as the analyses of their clonal lineage and virulence-associated genes. The study was carried out on 17 ESBL/pAmpC E. coli and K. pneumoniae and 50 CTXS E. coli. Detection of resistance genes and clonal diversity was performed by PCR amplification and sequencing. The following β-lactamase genes were detected: blaCTX-M-15 (n = 6), blaCTX-M-15 + blaOXA-1 (2), bla CTX-M-15 + blaOXA-1 + blaTEM-1b (2), blaCTX-M-15 + blaTEM-1b (4), blaCMY-2 (3). The MLST showed the following STs: ST405 (n = 4 strains); ST58 (n = 3); ST155 (n = 3); ST471 (n = 2); and ST101 (n = 2). ST399 (n = 1) and ST617 (n = 1) were identified in p(AmpC) E. coli producer strains. The phylogroups A and B1 were the most detected ones, followed by the pathogenic phylogroup B2 that harbored the shigatoxin genes stx1/stx2, associated with the cnf, fimA, and aer virulence factors. The qnrA/qnrB, aac(6′)-Ib-cr genes and integrons class 1 with different gene cassettes were detected amongst these CTXR/S isolated strains. The presence of different genetic lineages, associated with resistance and virulence genes in pathogenic bacteria in dairy farms, may complicate antibiotic therapies and pose a potential risk to public health.
Collapse
|
13
|
Huang S, Tian P, Kou X, An N, Wu Y, Dong J, Cai H, Li B, Xue Y, Liu Y, Ji H. The prevalence and characteristics of extended-spectrum β-lactamase Escherichia coli in raw milk and dairy farms in Northern Xinjiang, China. Int J Food Microbiol 2022; 381:109908. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.109908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
14
|
Distribution of ESBL/AmpC-Escherichia coli on a Dairy Farm. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11070940. [PMID: 35884193 PMCID: PMC9311582 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11070940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of ESBL/AmpC-producing Escherichia (E.) coli and to investigate their on-farm distribution on an exemplary dairy farm. For this purpose, sample sizes were calculated, and fecal samples were collected from cattle of all ages and analyzed for the presence of ESBL/AmpC-E. coli using selective media supplemented with cefotaxime. These antibiotic-resistant bacteria were detected in 22.5% of the samples tested. The prevalence was highest in the calf age group, in which 100% of the collected fecal samples were positive. With increasing age, the prevalence decreased in the other sample groups. While ESBL/AmpC E. coli could still be detected in young stock (15%) and breeding heifers (5%), no resistant pathogens could be detected in adult animals. Whole-genome sequencing of the ESBL/AmpC-E. coli isolates revealed, first, that all isolates were ESBL producers (CTX-M-1 and CTX-M-15) and, second, that ST362, which is known as a biofilm producer, was dominant in the calves (85%, n = 17). Based on these results and the evaluation of a questionnaire, possible causes for the occurrence of ESBL/AmpC-E. coli were discussed and recommendations for the reduction in transmission were formulated. Unlike most German dairy farms, no waste milk feeding was apparent; therefore, factors reducing ESBL/AmpC-E. coli are primarily related to an improvement in hygiene management to prevent biofilms, e.g., in nipple buckets, but also to question the use of antibiotics, e.g., in the treatment of diarrheic calves.
Collapse
|
15
|
Goulart DB, Mellata M. Escherichia coli Mastitis in Dairy Cattle: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment Challenges. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:928346. [PMID: 35875575 PMCID: PMC9301288 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.928346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine mastitis is an inflammation of the udder tissue parenchyma that causes pathological changes in the glandular tissue and abnormalities in milk leading to significant economic losses to the dairy industry across the world. Mammary pathogenic Escherichia (E.) coli (MPEC) is one of the main etiologic agents of acute clinical mastitis in dairy cattle. MPEC strains have virulence attributes to resist the host innate defenses and thrive in the mammary gland environment. The association between specific virulence factors of MPEC with the severity of mastitis in cattle is not fully understood. Furthermore, the indiscriminate use of antibiotics to treat mastitis has resulted in antimicrobial resistance to all major antibiotic classes in MPEC. A thorough understanding of MPEC’s pathogenesis and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern is required to develop better interventions to reduce mastitis incidence and prevalence in cattle and the environment. This review compiles important information on mastitis caused by MPEC (e.g., types of mastitis, host immune response, diagnosis, treatment, and control of the disease) as well as the current knowledge on MPEC virulence factors, antimicrobial resistance, and the dilemma of MPEC as a new pathotype. The information provided in this review is critical to identifying gaps in knowledge that will guide future studies to better design diagnostic, prevent, and develop therapeutic interventions for this significant dairy disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Débora Brito Goulart
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
- *Correspondence: Débora Brito Goulart,
| | - Melha Mellata
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
- Interdepartmental Microbiology Graduate Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
- Melha Mellata,
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bello Gonzalez TD, Kant A, Dijkstra Q, Marcato F, van Reenen K, Veldman KT, Brouwer MSM. Changes in Fecal Carriage of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Producing Enterobacterales in Dutch Veal Calves by Clonal Spread of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:866674. [PMID: 35814663 PMCID: PMC9260047 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.866674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize the changes in fecal carriage of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-PE) in a single Dutch veal calves. During the rearing period at the Dutch veal farm, a decrease in fecal carriage of cefotaxime-resistant Escherichia coli isolates was observed after 2 weeks at the veal farm, while an increase of cefotaxime-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates was demonstrated. E. coli and K. pneumoniae were isolated from rectal swabs collected from 110 veal calves in week 2, 6, 10, 18, and 24 after their arrival at the farm. ESBL-PE isolates were selectively cultured and identified by MALDI-TOF. ESBL genes were characterized by RT-PCR, PCRs, and amplicon sequencing. A total of 80 E. coli and 174 K. pneumoniae strains were isolated from 104 out of 110 veal calves. The prevalence of ESBL-E. coli decreased from week 2 (61%) to week 6 (7%), while an unexpected increase in ESBL-K. pneumoniae colonization was detected in week 6 (80%). The predominant ESBL genes detected in E. coli isolates were blaCTX-M-15 and the non-ESBL gene blaTEM-1a, while in K. pneumoniae blaCTX-M-14 gene was detected in all isolates. Four cefotaxime-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates were randomly selected and characterized in deep by transformation, PCR-based replicon typing, and whole-genome sequencing (WGS). The clonal relatedness of a subgroup of nine animals carrying K. pneumoniae ESBL genes was investigated by Multi Locus sequence typing (MLST). In four ESBL-K. pneumoniae isolates, blaCTX-M-14 was located on IncFIIK and IncFIINK plasmid replicons and the isolates were multi-drug resistant (MDR). MLST demonstrated a clonal spread of ESBL-K. pneumoniae ST107. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report a change in fecal carriage of ESBL-PE over time in the same veal calf during the rearing period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teresita d.J. Bello Gonzalez
- Department of Bacteriology, Host-Pathogen Interaction, and Diagnostics Development, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Teresita d.J. Bello Gonzalez,
| | - Arie Kant
- Department of Bacteriology, Host-Pathogen Interaction, and Diagnostics Development, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, Netherlands
| | - Quillan Dijkstra
- Department of Bacteriology, Host-Pathogen Interaction, and Diagnostics Development, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, Netherlands
| | - Francesca Marcato
- Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Kees van Reenen
- Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Kees T. Veldman
- Department of Bacteriology, Host-Pathogen Interaction, and Diagnostics Development, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, Netherlands
| | - Michael S. M. Brouwer
- Department of Bacteriology, Host-Pathogen Interaction, and Diagnostics Development, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Prevalence and Molecular Characterisation of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli, from Cattle Farm to Aquatic Environments. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11060674. [PMID: 35745529 PMCID: PMC9230396 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11060674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria are a major problem for public health worldwide because of limited treatment options. Currently, only limited information is available on ESBL-producing Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in cattle farms and the surrounding aquatic environment. This study sought to track and characterise ESBL-producing STEC disseminating from a cattle farm into the water environment. Animal husbandry soil (HS), animal manure (AM), animal drinking water (ADW), and nearby river water (NRW) samples were collected from the cattle farm. Presumptive ESBL-producing STEC were isolated and identified using chromogenic media and mass spectrophotometry methods (MALDI-TOF-MS), respectively. The isolates were subjected to molecular analysis, and all confirmed ESBL-producing STEC isolates were serotyped for their O serogroups and assessed for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and for the presence of selected virulence factors (VFs). A phylogenetic tree based on the multilocus sequences was constructed to determine the relatedness among isolates of ESBL-producing STEC. The highest prevalence of ESBL-producing STEC of 83.33% was observed in HS, followed by ADW with 75%, NRW with 68.75%, and the lowest was observed in AM with 64.58%. Out of 40 randomly selected isolates, 88% (n = 35) belonged to the serogroup O45 and 13% (n = 5) to the serogroup O145. The multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis revealed four different sequence types (STs), namely ST10, ST23, ST165, and ST117, and the predominant ST was found to be ST10. All 40 isolates carried sul1 (100%), while blaOXA, blaCTX-M, sul2, blaTEM, and qnrS genes were found in 98%, 93%, 90%, 83%, and 23% of the 40 isolates, respectively. For VFs, only stx2 was detected in ESBL-producing STEC isolates. The results of the present study indicated that a cattle environment is a potential reservoir of ESBL-producing STEC, which may disseminate into the aquatic environment through agricultural runoff, thus polluting water sources. Therefore, continual surveillance of ESBL-producing STEC non-O157 would be beneficial for controlling and preventing STEC-related illnesses originating from livestock environments.
Collapse
|
18
|
Phenotypic and genotypic determination of β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli strains isolated from raw milk and clinical mastitis samples, Mashhad, Iran. Int Dairy J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2022.105406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
19
|
El-Mohandes SS, Eid RH, Allam AM, Abou-Zeina HAA, Elbayoumy MK. Phenotyping and genotyping studies on extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates from mastitic cows on dairy farms in Egypt. Vet World 2022; 15:890-897. [PMID: 35698499 PMCID: PMC9178576 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.890-897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae have become a serious public health hazard worldwide. This importance is derived from the increase of new variants, particularly blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M genes. This study aimed to examine ESBL-producing Escherichia coli isolated from different governorates in Egypt from dairy cows infected with subclinical and clinical mastitis.
Materials and Methods: This study examined 207 milk samples for the resistance of isolates against 14 different antibiotics and ran serological identification of ESBL-producing E. coli isolates with complete antibiotic resistance. Genotypic and sequencing analyses of several resistance genes were conducted using a polymerase chain reaction.
Results: E. coli was identified in cases with subclinical mastitis (80.5%) and clinical mastitis (85.7%). ESBL-producing E. coli was isolated from 38.2% of subclinical mastitic milk compared to 39.3% in clinical cases, where O26:k60, O125:k70, and O25:k11 were the serotypes with complete resistance to antibiotics. ESBL-producing E. coli isolates were resistant to cefotaxime, amoxicillin, cloxacillin, oxacillin, rifampicin, and penicillin in 100% but susceptible to amoxicillin and clavulanic acid in 82.5% of the cases. Results also revealed that 51.25%, 52.5%, 66.25%, 77.5% and 60% of ESBL-producing E. coli isolates were responsive to ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, norfloxacin, levofloxacin, and gentamycin, respectively. The detected genes were registered in GenBank as MW345819.1 and MW345820.1 for the E. coli blaTEM gene and MW295407 for the E. coli blaSHV gene.
Conclusion: This study found ESBL-producing E. coli in mastitic milk samples from Egyptian dairy farms and confirmed the occurrence and circulation of the main antibiotic genes (blaTEM and blaSHV) in the samples. Regular and thorough surveillance of ESBL-producing E. coli and subsequent preventive actions are essential for preventing the spread of these resistance genes in the future, which could pose serious and catastrophic health risks. Authorities should cling to the concept of One Health to minimize the risk of new varieties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shereen S. El-Mohandes
- Department of Mastitis and Neonatal Diseases, Animal Reproduction Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Rasha H. Eid
- Department of Mastitis and Neonatal Diseases, Animal Reproduction Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Ahmad M. Allam
- Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza 12556, Egypt
| | - Hala A. A. Abou-Zeina
- Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza 12556, Egypt
| | - Mohamed K. Elbayoumy
- Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza 12556, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Prevalence and Phylodiversity of ESBL-Producing Coliforms Isolated from Ruminant Mastitis in Nigeria. FOLIA VETERINARIA 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/fv-2022-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The public health threat posed by Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing E. coli (ESBL-EC) in food animal production systems has attracted global attention. Data on the prevalence, diversity and genetic characteristics of ESBL-producing coliforms are key to advocacy on promoting responsible antimicrobial stewardship and proper planning of control strategies. The coliforms were isolated from 1052 milk samples of 160 cows, 103 ewes and 103 does with mastitis in Plateau State, Nigeria and analysed for ESBL production by phenotypic, biochemical, antimicrobial sensitivity and genetic characterization. The percentage of occurrence of clinical mastitis in cows, ewes, and does were 0.2 %, 0 %, 1.5 % respectively, while the percentage occur-rence of subclinical mastitis in ruminants were 18.1 %, 28.2 % and 38.3 % respectively. From the 677 isolates, 31.3 % (n = 212) were ESBL producing coliforms, with a prevalence of 48.6 %, 18.4 %, 12.7 %, 8.9 %, 5.7 %, 3.8 % and 1.9 % for E. coli, K. pneumoniae, C. freundii, K. aerogenes, S. marcescens, K. oxytoca and E. cloacae, respectively. The genetic characterization revealed a higher prevalence of bla
CTX-M than bla
TEM in the samples analysed (24.39 % vs. 12.19 %). High pairwise identity was observed among the bla
CTX-M and bla
TEM gene sequences obtained in this study, but they displayed high phylodiversity with sequences from ruminants and humans from other climes. The bla
SHV gene was not detected. Multidrug resistances especially to the commonly used antimicrobials; ofloxacin, gentamycin and streptomycin in veterinary practice in Nigeria were observed. This has public health implications considering the fact that consumption of raw unpasteurized milk is a common practice in some cultures in Nigeria. Such practise will facilitate the transfer of multidrug resistant coliforms to humans resulting in the complications of treatment outcomes. To the best of our knowledge this is the first genetic characterization of ESBL-producing agents from ruminant mastitis in Nigeria.
Collapse
|
21
|
Nüesch‐Inderbinen M, Hänni C, Zurfluh K, Hartnack S, Stephan R. Antimicrobial resistance profiles of
Escherichia coli
and prevalence of extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamase‐producing Enterobacteriaceae in calves from organic and conventional dairy farms in Switzerland. Microbiologyopen 2022; 11:e1269. [PMID: 35478290 PMCID: PMC8924695 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study compared the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among commensal Escherichia coli in the fecal microbiota of young calves raised on organic and on conventional dairy farms in Switzerland. Further, fecal carriage of extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae was assessed for calves from both farming systems. Where possible, data on antimicrobial usage (AMU) were obtained. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on a total of 71 isolates using the disk diffusion method. ESBL producers were characterized by polymerase chain reaction‐based multilocus sequence typing and sequencing of the blaESBL genes. Organically raised calves were significantly more likely to harbor E. coli that showed AMR to ampicillin (odds ratio [OR]: 2.78, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02–7.61, p = 0.046), streptomycin (OR: 3.22, 95% CI: 1.17–8.92, p = 0.046), kanamycin (OR: 11.3, 95% CI: 2.94–43.50, p < 0.001), and tetracycline (OR: 3.25, 95% CI: 1.13–9.31, p = 0.028). Calves with reported AMU were significantly more likely to harbor E. coli with resistance to ampicillin (OR: 3.91, 95% CI: 1.03–14.85, p = 0.045), streptomycin (OR: 4.35, 95% CI: 1.13–16.7, p = 0.045), and kanamycin (OR: 8.69, 95% CI: 2.01–37.7, p = 0.004). ESBL‐producing Enterobacteriaceae (18 E. coli and 3 Citrobacter braakii) were detected exclusively among samples from conventionally farmed calves (OR: infinity [∞], 95% CI: 2.3–∞, p < 0.0013). The observations from this study suggest that AMR is highly prevalent among commensal E. coli in young dairy calves, irrespective of the farm management system, with proportions of certain resistance phenotypes higher among organic calves. By contrast, the occurrence of ESBL producers among young dairy calves may be linked to factors associated with conventional farming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudia Hänni
- Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Katrin Zurfluh
- Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Sonja Hartnack
- Section of Epidemiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Roger Stephan
- Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
A role for ColV plasmids in the evolution of pathogenic Escherichia coli ST58. Nat Commun 2022; 13:683. [PMID: 35115531 PMCID: PMC8813906 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28342-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli ST58 has recently emerged as a globally disseminated uropathogen that often progresses to sepsis. Unlike most pandemic extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC), which belong to pathogenic phylogroup B2, ST58 belongs to the environmental/commensal phylogroup B1. Here, we present a pan-genomic analysis of a global collection of 752 ST58 isolates from diverse sources. We identify a large ST58 sub-lineage characterized by near ubiquitous carriage of ColV plasmids, which carry genes encoding virulence factors, and by a distinct accessory genome including genes typical of the Yersiniabactin High Pathogenicity Island. This sub-lineage includes three-quarters of all ExPEC sequences in our study and has a broad host range, although poultry and porcine sources predominate. By contrast, strains isolated from cattle often lack ColV plasmids. Our data indicate that ColV plasmid acquisition contributed to the divergence of the major ST58 sub-lineage, and different sub-lineages inhabit poultry, swine and cattle.
Collapse
|
23
|
Burgess SA, Cookson AL, Brousse L, Ortolani E, Benschop J, Akhter R, Brightwell G, McDougall S. The epidemiology of AmpC-producing Escherichia coli isolated from dairy cattle faeces on pasture-fed farms. J Med Microbiol 2021; 70:001447. [PMID: 34672922 PMCID: PMC8604167 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Antibiotic use, particularly amoxicillin-clavulanic acid in dairy farming, has been associated with an increased incidence of AmpC-hyperproducing Escherichia coli.Gap statement. There is limited information on the incidence of AmpC-hyperproducing E. coli from seasonal pasture-fed dairy farms.Aim. We undertook a New Zealand wide cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of AmpC-producing E. coli carried by dairy cattle.Methodology. Paddock faeces were sampled from twenty-six dairy farms and were processed for the selective growth of both extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)- and AmpC-producing E. coli. Whole genome sequence analysis was carried out on 35 AmpC-producing E. coli.Results. No ESBL- or plasmid mediated AmpC-producing E. coli were detected, but seven farms were positive for chromosomal mediated AmpC-hyperproducing E. coli. These seven farms were associated with a higher usage of injectable amoxicillin antibiotics. Whole genome sequence analysis of the AmpC-producing E. coli demonstrated that the same strain (<3 SNPs difference) of E. coli ST5729 was shared between cows on a single farm. Similarly, the same strain (≤15 SNPs difference) of E. coli ST8977 was shared across two farms (separated by approximately 425 km).Conclusion. These results infer that both cow-to-cow and farm-to-farm transmission of AmpC-producing E. coli has occurred.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara A. Burgess
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Food System Integrity, Hopkirk Research Institute, AgResearch Ltd, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Adrian L. Cookson
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Food System Integrity, Hopkirk Research Institute, AgResearch Ltd, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Lisa Brousse
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Present address: Lisa Brousse, BioMerieux, Grenoble, France
| | - Enrico Ortolani
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply, Brazil
| | - Jackie Benschop
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Rukhshana Akhter
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Gale Brightwell
- Food System Integrity, Hopkirk Research Institute, AgResearch Ltd, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- New Zealand Food Safety Science and Research Centre, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Scott McDougall
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Cognosco Limited, Anexa Veterinary Services, Morrinsville, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Liu H, Meng L, Dong L, Zhang Y, Wang J, Zheng N. Prevalence, Antimicrobial Susceptibility, and Molecular Characterization of Escherichia coli Isolated From Raw Milk in Dairy Herds in Northern China. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:730656. [PMID: 34630355 PMCID: PMC8500479 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.730656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli is a common bacterium in the intestines of animals, and it is also the major important cause of toxic mastitis, which is an acute or peracute disease that causes a higher incidence of death and culling of cattle. The purpose of this study was to investigate E. coli strains isolated from the raw milk of dairy cattle in Northern China, and the antibacterial susceptibility of these strains and essential virulence genes. From May to September 2015, 195 raw milk samples were collected from 195 dairy farms located in Northern China. Among the samples, 67 (34.4%) samples were positive for E. coli. About 67 E. coli strains were isolated from these 67 samples. The prevalence of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), and enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) were 9, 6, 4.5, and 1.5%, respectively. Among the virulence genes detected, stx1 was the most prevalent (6/67, 9%) gene, followed by eae (3/67, 4.5%), and estB (2/67, 3%). Moreover, the strains exhibited different resistance levels to ampicillin (46.3%), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (16.4%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (13.4%), tetracycline (13.4%), cefoxitin (11.9%), chloramphenicol (7.5%), kanamycin (7.5%), streptomycin (6.0%), tobramycin (4.5%), azithromycin (4.5%), and ciprofloxacin (1.5%). All of the E. coli isolates were susceptible to gentamicin. The prevalence of β-lactamase-encoding genes was 34.3% in 67 E. coli isolates and 45% in 40 β-lactam-resistance E. coli isolates. The overall prevalence of bla SHV, bla TEM, bla CMY, and bla CTX-M genes were 1.5, 20.9, 10.4, and 1.5%, respectively. Nine non-pathogenic E. coli isolates also carried β-lactamase resistance genes, which may transfer to other pathogenic E. coli and pose a threat to the farm's mastitis management projects. Our results showed that most of E. coli were multidrug resistant and possessed multiple virulence genes, which may have a huge potential hazard with public health, and antibiotic resistance of E. coli was prevalent in dairy herds in Northern China, and ampicillin should be used cautiously for mastitis caused by E. coli in Northern China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Liu
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Meng
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Dong
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yangdong Zhang
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Zheng
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Burgess SA, Aplin J, Biggs PJ, Breckell G, Benschop J, Fayaz A, Toombs-Ruane LJ, Midwinter AC. Characterisation of AmpC and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing E. coli from New Zealand dairy farms. Int Dairy J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2021.104998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
26
|
Taniguchi T, Latt KM, Tarigan E, Yano F, Sato H, Minamino T, Misawa N. A 1-Year Investigation of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Bovine Mastitis at a Large-Scale Dairy Farm in Japan. Microb Drug Resist 2021; 27:1450-1454. [PMID: 33900856 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2020.0481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In a large-scale dairy farm, it is important to take countermeasure of prevention against mastitis of dairy cows, and it is especially important to establish hygiene and risk management to prevent the emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. In this study, we have performed bacteriological testing of clinical and subclinical mastitis and investigation of antimicrobial resistance bacteria in a large-scale farm for 1 year. The bacteria isolated most frequently from 1,549 samples of 952 cow, including cows with recurring mastitis were Staphylococcus non-aureus (SNA) (27.6%), followed by Escherichia coli (18.9%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (12.3%). Although Staphylococcus aureus was isolated at 7.7% from milk sample, no methicillin-resistant S. aureus was found. The incidence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli was 1.4% and ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae was 1.4% of all samples, even though third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins were not used for antimicrobial treatment of mastitis in this farm. Although these genotypes of ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae were mainly composed of CTX-M-15 and TEM-1 and CTX-M-2 and TEM-116, respectively, there was no spread and persist of predominant clonal type. Appropriate farm management, such as segregation and culling of infected animals and monitors of trends in antimicrobial resistance among mastitis pathogens, may have contributed these results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takako Taniguchi
- Division of Research & Inspection for Infectious Diseases, Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Khin Maung Latt
- Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Elpita Tarigan
- Division of Research & Inspection for Infectious Diseases, Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Fusae Yano
- Division of Research & Inspection for Infectious Diseases, Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sato
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Radiology, Department of Veterinary Medical Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | | | - Naoaki Misawa
- Division of Research & Inspection for Infectious Diseases, Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.,Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ilyas S, Rasool MH, Arshed MJ, Qamar MU, Aslam B, Almatroudi A, Khurshid M. The Escherichia coli Sequence Type 131 Harboring Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases and Carbapenemases Genes from Poultry Birds. Infect Drug Resist 2021; 14:805-813. [PMID: 33688215 PMCID: PMC7936925 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s296219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim The extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs), as well as carbapenemases, are considered as the foremost resistance determinants throughout the world. However, the relevant data especially related to the sequence types of ESBL and carbapenemases producing Escherichia coli from the poultry is limited from Pakistan. Here, we present the data on the genetic diversity of E. coli strains isolated from the poultry birds from the poultry farms located in Islamabad, Pakistan, and the underlying resistance mechanisms to beta-lactam agents. Methods Of 250 broilers from 25 different farms (10 birds from each farm), the cecal samples were obtained and analyzed for the presence of ESBLs producing E. coli (ESBL-Ec) as well as carbapenemases producing E. coli (CPEc) strains using selective agar for ESBL and carbapenemases screening. The susceptibility profiling of the ESBL-Ec and CPEc isolates was evaluated followed by multi-locus sequence typing. Results A total of 119 strains were positive for ESBL production whereas 37 strains were found positive to produce carbapenemases in addition to ESBLs. The MLST analysis has shown a diversity of isolates as the E. coli isolates from poultry birds correspond to a total of 16 sequence types (STs). The ST131 (22/48, 46%) followed by ST8051 (10/48, 21%) were the main STs in this study. The blaCTX-M gene was detected in all the poultry E. coli strains whereas the blaTEM was found in 45.5% of strains. The blaVIM was found in all 37 CPEc isolates whereas the blaNDM and blaIMP were found in 31/37 (83.8%) and 16/37 (43.2%) CPEc isolates respectively. Conclusion The overall results have shown the prevalence of diverse genotypes among the ESBL-Ec and carbapenemase-producing E. coli (CPEC) from poultry. Furthermore, the study documents poultry birds as a persisting reservoir of extensively antimicrobial-resistant E. coli ST131 in Pakistan, suggesting a potential threat to public health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sana Ilyas
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Javed Arshed
- National Veterinary Laboratory, National Agriculture Research Council, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Bilal Aslam
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohsin Khurshid
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Agrawal S, Singh AP, Singh R, Saikia R, Choudhury S, Shukla A, Prabhu SN, Agrawal J. Molecular characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolated from postpartum uterine infection in dairy cattle in India. Vet World 2021; 14:200-209. [PMID: 33642805 PMCID: PMC7896901 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.200-209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Selection and dissemination of plasmid-encoded extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) among Enterobacteriaceae confers resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and molecular characteristics of ESBL-producing organisms isolated from dairy cattle with a uterine infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bacterial isolates (n=62) were characterized by biochemical test for genus and species determination. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method using panel of antibiotics for initial screening of ESBL organism. Phenotypic confirmation of ESBL-suspected strains was done by combination disk method and double-disk method. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was carried out for phylogrouping of Escherichia coli isolates as well as for genotyping ESBL genes. Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-PCR method was used for genotypic characterization of isolates. RESULTS Antibiotic susceptibility profile of E. coli (n=40) isolates showed high rates of resistance for ampicillin (95.0%), cefpodoxime (97.5%), cefotaxime (87.5%), and ceftriaxone (70%). However, low rates of resistance were observed for cefoxitin (25%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (20%), ceftazidime (17.5%), gentamicin (10%), and ertapenem (7.5%). A total of 39/40 E. coli isolates were confirmed as ESBL with Epsilometer test as well as the genotypic method and 28 (70%) of them were multidrug-resistant. Genotype blaCTX-M was observed as a predominant beta-lactamase type with the preponderance of CTX-M Group 1. The following combinations were observed: blaTEM + blaCTX-M in 15 (36.2%) isolates, blaTEM /blaSHV in 8 (5.2%) isolates, and blaCTX-M /blaSHV in 6 (5.2%) isolates. The phylogenetic grouping of E. coli strains revealed the highest prevalence for B1 (22.0%) followed by A (20%). CONCLUSION This report shows a high frequency of ESBL E. coli from cattle with postpartum uterine infections. These isolates showed reduced susceptibility to common antibiotics used for the treatment of uterine infections greater affecting the therapeutic outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samiksha Agrawal
- College of Biotechnology, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidhyalaya Ewam Gau Anusandhan Sansthan Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ajay Pratap Singh
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidhyalaya Ewam Gau Anusandhan Sansthan Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rashmi Singh
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidhyalaya Ewam Gau Anusandhan Sansthan Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Raktim Saikia
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidhyalaya Ewam Gau Anusandhan Sansthan Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Soumen Choudhury
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidhyalaya Ewam Gau Anusandhan Sansthan Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit Shukla
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidhyalaya Ewam Gau Anusandhan Sansthan Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shyama N. Prabhu
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidhyalaya Ewam Gau Anusandhan Sansthan Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jitendra Agrawal
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Gynecology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidhyalaya Ewam Gau Anusandhan Sansthan Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Tahar S, Nabil MM, Safia T, Ngaiganam EP, Omar A, Hafidha C, Hanane Z, Rolain JM, Diene SM. Molecular Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolated from Milk of Dairy Cows with Clinical Mastitis in Algeria. J Food Prot 2020; 83:2173-2178. [PMID: 32692852 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-20-198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the occurrence of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli in cows with clinical mastitis in 42 different dairy farms located in the Bordj Bou Arreridj region of Algeria. Milk samples were cultured on Columbia blood agar, and isolates were then identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. In total, 200 samples were screened and 52 E. coli strains confirmed as causative agents were obtained. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion method. Antibiotic resistance genes, including those conferring resistance to extended-spectrum β-lactamases (i.e., blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M), tetracyclines (tetA, tetB, tetC, and tetJ), aminoglycosides [aph(3'), aac(3'), aac(6'), ant, aad, and armA], and quinolones (qnrA and qnrB) were amplified by standard PCR and sequenced when positive. Transferability of resistance genes has been investigated by conjugation experiments and multilocus sequence typing. The most frequently observed resistance was to amoxicillin (86.5%), followed by tetracycline (75%), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (59.6%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (36.5%), doxycycline (13.5%), and ciprofloxacin (13.5%). Multidrug resistance was observed in 38.4% of isolates. Genotypic characterization showed that tetA (44.2%) and blaTEM-1 (30.7%) genes were the most prevalent. Screening for plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes demonstrated that seven isolates (13.5%) expressed qnrB and one isolate (1.9%) harbored qnrA. In addition, aminoglycoside resistance determinants including aadA1 and aac(3)-Id were detected in seven and two isolates, respectively. Moreover, blaTEM, tetA, tetB, qnrB, and aadA1 were successfully transferred horizontally to transconjugant strains. The multilocus sequence typing revealed the presence of three different sequence types (ST162, ST371, and ST 949).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sedrati Tahar
- Laboratoire de recherche Gestion des Ressources Animales Locales, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Vétérinaire, Oued Smar, 16000 Alger, Algérie
| | - Menoueri M Nabil
- Université Saad Dahlab de Blida, BP 270, Route de Soumâa, 09000 Blida, Algérie
| | - Tennah Safia
- Laboratoire de recherche Gestion des Ressources Animales Locales, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Vétérinaire, Oued Smar, 16000 Alger, Algérie
| | - Edgarthe P Ngaiganam
- Aix-Marseille Université, UMR Microbes Evolution Phylogeny and Infections, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire-Méditerranée Infection, Faculté de Pharmacie, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Azzi Omar
- Laboratoire de recherche Gestion des Ressources Animales Locales, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Vétérinaire, Oued Smar, 16000 Alger, Algérie
| | - Chadi Hafidha
- Laboratoire de recherche Gestion des Ressources Animales Locales, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Vétérinaire, Oued Smar, 16000 Alger, Algérie
| | - Zerrouki Hanane
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée à l'Agroalimentaire, au Biomédical et à l'Environnement-Université de Tlemcen, Algérie
| | - Jean-Marc Rolain
- Aix-Marseille Université, UMR Microbes Evolution Phylogeny and Infections, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire-Méditerranée Infection, Faculté de Pharmacie, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Seydina M Diene
- Aix-Marseille Université, UMR Microbes Evolution Phylogeny and Infections, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire-Méditerranée Infection, Faculté de Pharmacie, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France.,(ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6466-2324 [S.M.D.])
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
PRAJAPATI BI, SOLANKI KM, DEVI SARITA, KATIRA BP, PATEL SS, RAVAL SH, MOMIN RR. Phenotypic and molecular characterization of ESBLs producing Escherichia coli in bovine faecal and milk samples of North Gujarat. THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v90i7.106667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) producing E. coli seems to be emerging in veterinary science impacting major threat to public health due to resistance to golden age antibiotics. In this study a total of 109 samples (42 faecal and 67 mastitis milk) of bovines were collected from different regions of North Gujarat. The samples were cultured and identified by standard procedures. The screening for ESBLs production was performed by using Cefotaxime and Cefotaxime+Clavulanate (Combination disc screening method). A total of 71 E. coli isolates were recovered from 109 samples processed, out of which thirty (42.25%) isolates (17 from milk and 13 from faecal) were positive for ESBLs showing multiple resistance to the antibiotics used. The ESBL confirmed isolates were further processed for detection of blaCTX-M, blaTEM, and blaSHV genes. Major gene detected was blaTEM in 17 (23.94%) E. coli isolates. Antibiotic resistance pattern of E. coli isolates was studied against eleven commonly used antimicrobial drugs in the northern region of Gujarat. The results recorded resistance tofollowing antibiotics: tetracycline (100%), ampicillin/sulbactum (83.10%), amoxiclav and gentamicin (83.10%), chloramphenicol (57.74%), ceftriaxone (66.19%), cefoperazone (66.19%), ciprofloxacin (74.65%), amikacin (57.74%), enrofloxacin (74.65%) and, levofloxacin (74.65%).
Collapse
|
31
|
Gekenidis MT, Rigotti S, Hummerjohann J, Walsh F, Drissner D. Long-Term Persistence of blaCTX-M-15 in Soil and Lettuce after Introducing Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Escherichia coli via Manure or Water. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E1646. [PMID: 33114244 PMCID: PMC7690902 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8111646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of environmental antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) has increased dramatically since the start of antibiotic mass production for broad bacterial infection treatment in 1944. Nowadays, ARB and their resistance-determining genes (ARGs) are readily detected in all environments, including the human food chain. A highly relevant food group in this context is fresh produce, frequent raw consumption of which facilitates direct transfer of ARB and ARGs to the consumer. Here, we investigate the persistence of an extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) pEK499 and its clinically most important ARG (blaCTX-M-15), after introduction via irrigation water or manure into a lettuce-growing system. Culturable ESBL-producing E. coli persisted longest in soil and when introduced via manure (until 9 weeks after introduction), while being undetectable on lettuce beyond day 7. In contrast, qPCR detection of blaCTX-M-15 was much more frequent: introduction via water significantly increased blaCTX-M-15 on lettuce until week 4, as opposed to manure, which affected the soil in the long-term (9 weeks) while leading to blaCTX-M-15 detection on lettuce until day 7 only. Our findings demonstrate long-term persistence of undesired ARB and ARG after their introduction via both irrigation and amendment. Such an understanding of the persistence kinetics of an ESBL-producing E. coli and plasmid-encoded blaCTX-M-15 aids the determination of critical actions in order to mitigate their transfer to the consumer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Serena Rigotti
- Microbiological Food Safety, Agroscope, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland;
| | - Jörg Hummerjohann
- Microbiological Food Safety, Agroscope, 3003 Liebefeld, Switzerland;
| | - Fiona Walsh
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, W23 F2H6 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland;
| | - David Drissner
- Department of Life Sciences, Albstadt-Sigmaringen University, 72488 Sigmaringen, Germany;
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Zhuang C, Huo W, Liu G, Shahid M, Gao J, Barkema HW, Rahman SU, Kastelic JP, Han B. In vitro immune responses of bovine mammary epithelial cells induced by Escherichia coli, with multidrug resistant extended-spectrum β-lactamase, isolated from mastitic milk. Microb Pathog 2020; 149:104494. [PMID: 32926997 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Bovine mastitis is an inflammatory condition of mammary glands causing huge economic losses for dairy industries. Infection with extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing sequence types (ST) 410-Escherichia coli (ESBL-ST410 E. coli) is considered a leading cause of bovine mastitis in China. However, pathogenic effects of these strains in an in vitro model, e.g. bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMECs), are unknown. Therefore, our objectives were to explore pathogenesis (adhesion and invasion, inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis) of ESBL-E. coli (highly prevalent in bovine mastitis) in bMECs. Non-pathogenic E. coli DH5α and a prototypical E. coli P4 were included as negative and positive controls, respectively. The bMECs were infected with our isolated ST410 strains, plus DH5α and P4, with assessment of the following end points: adhesive and invasive capabilities; lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities; inflammatory responses, including concentrations of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor-α; oxidative stress including intracellular reactive oxygen species production, malondialdehyde concentrations, activities of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase; and apoptosis. All ST410 strains had greater adhesive and invasive capabilities and increased LDH release, with varying degrees of inflammatory responses, oxidative stress and apoptosis compared to blank and DH5α groups, similar to P4-infected bMECs. In particular, ST410(4) was more likely than the other 3 isolates to adhere to and invade bMECs and increase LDH activities, cytokine release, oxidative stress and apoptosis. Thus, ST410 isolates had pathogenic manifestations of adhesive and invasive capabilities; furthermore, they induced inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis in bMECs. Finally, ST410(4) was the most pathogenic strain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cuicui Zhuang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Wenlin Huo
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Jian Gao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Herman W Barkema
- Department of Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Sadeeq Ur Rahman
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - John P Kastelic
- Department of Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Bo Han
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
McKinnon J, Roy Chowdhury P, Djordjevic SP. Molecular Analysis of an IncF ColV-Like Plasmid Lineage That Carries a Complex Resistance Locus with a Trackable Genetic Signature. Microb Drug Resist 2020; 26:787-793. [DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2019.0277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica McKinnon
- ithree Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Piklu Roy Chowdhury
- ithree Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Australian Centre for Genomic Epidemiological Microbiology, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Transferable Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) Plasmids in Enterobacteriaceae from Irrigation Water. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8070978. [PMID: 32629840 PMCID: PMC7409067 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8070978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae are classified as serious threats to human health by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Water used for irrigation of fresh produce can transmit such resistant bacteria directly to edible plant parts. We screened ESBL-producing Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, and Citrobacter freundii isolated from irrigation water for their potential to transmit resistance to antibiotic-susceptible E. coli. All strains were genome-sequenced and tested in vitro for transmission of resistance to third-generation cephalosporins on solid agar as well as in liquid culture. Of the 19 screened isolates, five ESBL-producing E. coli were able to transfer resistance with different efficiency to susceptible recipient E. coli. Transconjugant strains were sequenced for detection of transferred antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and compared to the known ARG pattern of their respective donors. Additionally, phenotypic resistance patterns were obtained for both transconjugant and corresponding donor strains, confirming ESBL-producing phenotypes of all obtained transconjugants.
Collapse
|
35
|
Ali M, Ikram M, Ijaz M, Ul-Hamid A, Avais M, Anjum AA. Green synthesis and evaluation of n-type ZnO nanoparticles doped with plant extract for use as alternative antibacterials. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-020-01451-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
36
|
El Garch F, Youala M, Simjee S, Moyaert H, Klee R, Truszkowska B, Rose M, Hocquet D, Valot B, Morrissey I, de Jong A. Antimicrobial susceptibility of nine udder pathogens recovered from bovine clinical mastitis milk in Europe 2015-2016: VetPath results. Vet Microbiol 2020; 245:108644. [PMID: 32456822 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
VetPath is an ongoing pan-European antimicrobial susceptibility monitoring programme collecting pathogens from diseased cattle, pigs and poultry not recently treated with antibiotics. Non-duplicate isolates (n = 1244) were obtained from cows with acute clinical mastitis in eight countries during 2015-2016 for centrally antimicrobial susceptibility testing according CLSI standards. Among Escherichia coli (n = 225), resistance was high to ampicillin and tetracycline, moderate to kanamycin and low to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and cefazolin. The MIC50/90 of danofloxacin, enrofloxacin and marbofloxacin were 0.03 and 0.06 μg/mL. For Klebsiella spp. (n = 70), similar results were noted, except for ampicillin and kanamycin. We detected 3.7 % (11/295) Enterobacteriaceae isolates carrying an ESBL/AmpC gene. Staphylococcus aureus (n = 247) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS; n = 189) isolates were susceptible to most antimicrobials tested except to penicillin (25.1 and 29.1 % resistance). Two S. aureus and thirteen CoNS isolates harboured mecA gene. Streptococcus uberis isolates (n = 208) were susceptible to β-lactam antibiotics (87.1-94.7 % susceptibility), 23.9 % were resistant to erythromycin and 37.5 % to tetracycline. Resistance to pirlimycin was moderate. For Streptococcus dysgalactiae (n = 132) the latter figures were 10.6 and 43.2 %; pirlimycin resistance was low. MIC values for Streptococcus agalactiae, Trueperella pyogenes and Corynebacterium spp. were generally low. This current VetPath study shows that mastitis pathogens were susceptible to most antimicrobials with exceptions of staphylococci against penicillin and streptococci against erythromycin or tetracycline. For most antimicrobials, the percentage resistance and MIC50/90 values among the major pathogens were comparable to that of the preceeding VetPath surveys. This work highlights the high need to set additional clinical breakpoints for antimicrobials frequently used to treat mastitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farid El Garch
- VetPath Study Group, CEESA, 168 Av. de Tervueren, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium; Vétoquinol SA, Lure, France
| | - Myriam Youala
- VetPath Study Group, CEESA, 168 Av. de Tervueren, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium; Virbac, Carros, France
| | - Shabbir Simjee
- VetPath Study Group, CEESA, 168 Av. de Tervueren, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium; Elanco Animal Health, Basingstoke, UK
| | - Hilde Moyaert
- VetPath Study Group, CEESA, 168 Av. de Tervueren, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium; Zoetis, Zaventem, Belgium
| | - Rebecca Klee
- VetPath Study Group, CEESA, 168 Av. de Tervueren, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium; Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Ingelheim, Germany
| | - Beata Truszkowska
- VetPath Study Group, CEESA, 168 Av. de Tervueren, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium; Fatro, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
| | - Markus Rose
- VetPath Study Group, CEESA, 168 Av. de Tervueren, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium; MSD Animal Health, Schwabenheim, Germany
| | - Didier Hocquet
- Hygiène Hospitalière, CHU, Besançon, France; UMR CNRS Chrono-environnement, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Benoit Valot
- UMR CNRS Chrono-environnement, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | | | - Anno de Jong
- VetPath Study Group, CEESA, 168 Av. de Tervueren, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium; Consultant c/o CEESA, Brussels, Belgium.
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Dantas Palmeira J, Ferreira HMN. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae in cattle production - a threat around the world. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03206. [PMID: 32042963 PMCID: PMC7002838 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Food producing animal is a global challenge in terms of antimicrobial resistance spread. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae are relevant opportunistic pathogens that may spread in many ecological niches of the One Health approach as human, animal and environment due to intestinal selection of antimicrobial resistant commensals in food production animals. Cattle production is a relevant ecological niche for selection of commensal bacteria with antimicrobial resistance from microbiota. Enterobacteriaceae show importance in terms of circulation of resistant-bacteria and antimicrobial resistance genes via food chain creating a resistance reservoir, setting up a threat for colonization of humans and consequent health risk. ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae are a threat in terms of human health responsible for life threatening outbreaks and silent enteric colonization of community populations namely the elder population. Food associated colonization is a risk difficult to handle and control. In a time of globalization of food trading, population intestinal colonization is a mirror of food production and in that sense this work aims to make a picture of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in animal production for food over the world in order to make some light in this reality of selection of resistant threats in food producing animal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josman Dantas Palmeira
- Microbiology - Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,UCIBIO - Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences, REQUIMTE, Portugal
| | - Helena Maria Neto Ferreira
- Microbiology - Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,UCIBIO - Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences, REQUIMTE, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Nüesch-Inderbinen M, Käppeli N, Morach M, Eicher C, Corti S, Stephan R. Molecular types, virulence profiles and antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli causing bovine mastitis. Vet Rec Open 2019; 6:e000369. [PMID: 31897302 PMCID: PMC6924703 DOI: 10.1136/vetreco-2019-000369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Escherichia coli is an important aetiological agent of bovine mastitis worldwide. Methods In this study, 82 E. coli from bovine mastitis milk samples from 49 farms were analysed for their genetic diversity using phylogenetic grouping and multilocus sequence typing. The isolates were examined by PCR for a selection of virulence factors (VFs). Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles were assessed using the disk diffusion method. Results The most prevalent phylogroups were group B1 (41.5 per cent of the isolates) and group A (30.5 per cent). A variety of 35 different sequence types (STs) were identified, including ST1125 (11 per cent), ST58 (9.8 per cent), ST10 (8.5 per cent) and ST88 (7.3 per cent). Aggregate VF scores (the number of unique VFs detected for each isolate) ranged from 1 to 3 for 63.4 per cent of the isolates and were at least 4 for 12.2 per cent. For 24.4 per cent of the isolates, the score was 0. The three most frequent VFs were traT, fyuA and iutA. The majority (72 per cent) of the isolates harboured traT. The majority (68.3 per cent) of the isolates were fully susceptible to all antimicrobials tested, with 22 per cent resistant to ampicillin and 14.6 per cent to tetracycline. Resistance rates were low for gentamicin (3.7 per cent), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (2.4 per cent) and ceftiofur (1.2 per cent), respectively. Conclusion Among the study's sample population, E. coli strains were genotypically diverse, even in cows from the same farm, although some STs occurred more frequently than others. Susceptibility to clinically relevant compounds remained high.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nadine Käppeli
- Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marina Morach
- Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Corinne Eicher
- Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sabrina Corti
- Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roger Stephan
- Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Filioussis G, Kachrimanidou M, Christodoulopoulos G, Kyritsi M, Hadjichristodoulou C, Adamopoulou M, Tzivara A, Kritas SK, Grinberg A. Short communication: Bovine mastitis caused by a multidrug-resistant, mcr-1-positive (colistin-resistant), extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli clone on a Greek dairy farm. J Dairy Sci 2019; 103:852-857. [PMID: 31733863 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
We performed a survey aimed at analyzing milk samples collected from cows with mastitis for the presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli. Single-quarter mastitic milk samples obtained from 400 cows in 23 Greek dairy herds with a history of E. coli mastitis were processed for the selective isolation of ESBL-producing E. coli. The antimicrobial susceptibility of the ESBL-producing isolates was analyzed using agar disk diffusion, and minimum inhibitory concentrations of colistin were determined by broth microdilution. We used PCR followed by DNA sequencing to characterize the β-lactamases and mcr-1 (colistin resistance) genes, and for phylotyping and multilocus sequence typing. We found a total of 89/400 (22.25%) E. coli isolates from 12/23 (52%) farms. Six isolates originating from 6 cows on a single farm were ESBL producers and were resistant to cefquinome, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, aztreonam, ampicillin, and colistin. Five of these isolates were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and 5 to streptomycin. The 6 ESBL producers were mcr-1-positive and carried blaTEM-1 genes; 3 also carried blaCTX-M genes, and 3 carried blaSHV genes. All of the ESBL producers belonged to phylogroup A, multilocus sequence type ST666 (n = 5), or a single locus variant of ST666 (n = 1). To our knowledge, this is the first report of endemic bovine mastitis caused by mcr-1-positive, ESBL-producing E. coli. These results highlight the value of active surveillance of antimicrobial resistance not commonly tested by diagnostic laboratories for the early detection of novel resistant strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George Filioussis
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Health Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Melina Kachrimanidou
- First Department of Microbiology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios Christodoulopoulos
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, PO Box 199, Gr-43100 Karditsa, Greece
| | - Maria Kyritsi
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, School of Health Science, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Christos Hadjichristodoulou
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, School of Health Science, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Maria Adamopoulou
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of West Attica, Athens 12243, Greece
| | - Athanasia Tzivara
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, PO Box 199, Gr-43100 Karditsa, Greece
| | - Spyridon K Kritas
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Health Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alex Grinberg
- Infectious Diseases Group, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, 4442 New Zealand.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Phenotypic and genotypic methods for identification of slime layer production, efflux pump activity, and antimicrobial resistance genes as potential causes of the antimicrobial resistance of some mastitis pathogens from farms in Menoufia, Egypt. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:6533-6546. [PMID: 31583568 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05099-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mastitis caused by multi- or pan-drug resistant bacteria is a growing health concern. A total of 110 milk samples were collected: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, Enterococcus faecalis, and Escherichia coli were present in 54/110 (49.09%), 37/110 (33.63%), 25/110 (22.72%), 7/110 (6.36%), and 50/110 (45.45%) samples, respectively. A total of 20 methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates, 19 Streptococcus sp. isolates, and 15 E. coli isolates were selected, and 100% were positive for (coagulase and hemolysins), streptokinase, and hemolytic activity, respectively. A number of 11 E. coli isolates were serotyped, and the serotypes were: O26, O55, O111, O119, O124, O125, O127, and O158. The antimicrobial resistance index ranges for MRSA, Streptococcus sp., and E. coli were 0.49-0.83, 0.39-0.83, and 0.56-1, respectively. The most effective antimicrobials on Gram-positive isolates were cephradine, ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, norfloxacin, and vancomycin, while doxycycline and norfloxacin were effective on E. coli serotypes. All of the selected isolates exhibited slime layer production. The efflux pumps of the 12 MRSA, 12 Streptococcus sp., and 11 E. coli isolates exhibited activity with ethidium bromide concentrations of 1, 1.5, and 0.5 µg/ml, respectively. There was a simultaneous antimicrobial activity of the efflux pump inhibitor chlorpromazine with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, erythromycin, and oxacillin, to which the isolates were resistant. The 12 MRSA isolates harboured the methicillin resistance genes mec(A,A1, and A2), mecA1, and mecC at frequencies of 9/12 (75%), 9/12 (75%), and 8/12 (66.7%), respectively, and the penicillin resistance gene BlaZ was present at a frequency of 5/12 (41.7%). The distributions of erm(A), erm(B), erm(C), erm(F), erm(G), and erm(Q) were 8/12 (66.7%), 5/12 (41.7%), 12/12 (100%), 2/12 (16.7%), 0/12 (0.0%), and 8/12 (66.7%), respectively. The 12 Streptococcus sp. isolates harboured mec(A, A1, and A2), mecA1, mecC, and blaZ at rates of 4/12 (33.33%), 4/12 (33.33%), 5/12 (41.7%), and 4/12 (33.33%), respectively. The frequencies of erm(A) and erm(F) were 4/12 (33.33%), and 9/12 (75%), respectively. The 11 E. coli isolates harboured the extended-spectrum β-lactamases integrase1, integrase2, blaCTX-M, blaCTX-M-1, and blaTEM at frequencies of 10/11 (90.90%), 11/11 (100%), 9/11 (81.81%), 6/11 (54.54%), and 10/11 (90.90%), respectively. Moreover, the frequencies of erm(A), erm(B), erm(C), erm(F), erm(G), and erm(Q) were 7/11 (63.63%), 4/11 (36.36%), 4/11 (36.36%), 5/11 (45.45%), 10/11 (90.90%), and 10/11 (90.90%), respectively. Our results demonstrated the high antimicrobial resistance of the investigated isolates and confirmed the existence of multiple mechanisms underlying multidrug resistance.
Collapse
|
41
|
Epidemiology of β-Lactamase-Producing Staphylococci and Gram Negative Bacteria as Cause of Clinical Bovine Mastitis in Tunisia. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:2165316. [PMID: 31534954 PMCID: PMC6732581 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2165316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the species distribution of Staphylococcus, Gram negative bacteria (GNB) and the occurrence of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococci (MRS) and Extended-Spectrum β-lactamase- (ESBL-) producing GNB. Bacterial culture of 300 clinical mastitis milk samples from 30 different farms across different regions of Tunisia during four seasons was realized. The obtained results showed the presence of high frequency of the tested samples with a positive growth for bacteria (64%). In addition a high recovery rate of Staphylococci and/or GNB in these clinical mastitis milk samples (87%) was detected. In addition, a high percentage of GNB (68.2%) compared to Staphylococcus species (32%) was noted. Moreover, a significant variation of the number of these bacteria according to the farm location, the seasons, and cows age was detected. The highest percentage was observed in the North of Tunisia during the winter and the spring seasons in adult cows with a dominance of GNB growth. Coagulase negative Staphylococci (CNS) (n=11) and GNB (n=16) species were identified. Escherichia coli (E. coli) was the most frequently found bacterium followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae. The dominant Staphylococcus isolates was S. xylosus followed by S. aureus the major pathogen isolated. Methicillin resistance was confirmed by the presence of the mecA gene in 3 S. aureus and 14 CNS isolates; all of these isolates were lacking the mecC gene. Various species of GNB, resistant to cefotaxime, were detected (n=15). ESBLs were detected on selective medium in 10 E. coli and 4 K. pneumoniae. All ESBL producers strains carry the blaCTX-M. The presence of different resistant mastitis pathogens in dairy farms may complicate therapeutic options and contaminated animals could become zoonotic agent reservoir for human.
Collapse
|
42
|
Husan O, Çadirci Ö. Determination of extended spectrum β‐lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae from cheese samples sold in public bazaars. J Food Saf 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Omar Husan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Food Hygiene and TechnologyOndokuz Mayıs University Kurupelit/Samsun Turkey
| | - Özgür Çadirci
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Food Hygiene and TechnologyOndokuz Mayıs University Kurupelit/Samsun Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Bitrus AA, Mshelia PA, Kwoji ID, Goni MD, Jajere SM. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and ampicillin Class C beta lactamase-producing Escherichia coli from food animals: A review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ONE HEALTH 2019. [DOI: 10.14202/ijoh.2019.65-75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance has gained global notoriety due to its public health concern, the emergence of multiple drug-resistant bacteria, and lack of new antimicrobials. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)/ampicillin Class C (AmpC)- producing Escherichia coli and other zoonotic pathogens can be transmitted to humans from animals either through the food chain, direct contact or contamination of shared environments. There is a surge in the rate of resistance to medically important antibiotics such as carbapenem, ESBL, aminoglycosides, and fluoroquinolones among bacteria of zoonotic importance. Factors that may facilitate the occurrence, persistence and dissemination of ESBL/AmpC-Producing E. coli in humans and animal includes; 1). o ral administration of antimicrobials to humans primarily (by physician and health care providers) and secondarily to animals, 2). importation of parent stock and day-old chickens, 3). farm management practice and lack of water acidification in poultry, 4). contamination of feed, water and environment, 5). contamination of plants with feces of animals. Understanding these key factors will help reduce the level of resistance, thereby boosting the therapeutic effectiveness of antimicrobial agents in the treatment of animal and human infections. This review highlights the occurrence, risk factors, and public health importance of ESBL/AmpC-beta-lactamase producing E. coli isolated from livestock.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asinamai Athliamai Bitrus
- Research Unit in Microbial Food Safety and Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Jos, P.M. B 2084 Jos, Plateau, Nigeria
| | - Peter Anjili Mshelia
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B 1069 Maiduguri, Borno, Nigeria
| | - Iliya Dauda Kwoji
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B 1069 Maiduguri, Borno, Nigeria
| | - Mohammed Dauda Goni
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Saleh Mohammed Jajere
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069, Maiduguri, Borno, Nigeria; Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Osman M, Al Mir H, Rafei R, Dabboussi F, Madec JY, Haenni M, Hamze M. Epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance in Lebanese extra-hospital settings: An overview. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2019; 17:123-129. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2018.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
|
45
|
Locatelli C, Barberio A, Bonamico S, Casula A, Moroni P, Bronzo V. Identification of Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli from Bovine Clinical Mastitis Using a Ceftiofur-Supplemented Medium. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2019; 16:590-596. [PMID: 31099599 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2018.2598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli causes a significant number of clinical mastitis cases in dairy cattle worldwide. The antimicrobial susceptibility of E. coli is important for both human and animal health. Surveillance reports recorded that the efficacy of most antibiotics is substantially preserved but detection of E. coli from clinical mastitis cases producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and plasmid-encoded AmpC beta-lactamases has been reported. These resistance determinants have frequently been associated with multidrug resistance. The aim of this study was to determine if a MacConkey agar medium supplemented with 8 mg/L of ceftiofur (MC-CEF) could be a useful tool to identify cephalosporin-resistant and multidrug-resistant (MDR) E. coli among bovine mastitis isolates. During the period 2010-2011, 773 E. coli were isolated from bovine clinical mastitis milk samples collected in 80 dairy farms in Northern Italy. A total of 105 E. coli were selected and assigned either to group randomly selected E. coli (RSEC; n = 53), based on a random selection among the whole collection of 773 E. coli, or to group ceftiofur-resistant E. coli (CEFREC; n = 52). CEFREC isolates were identified by spreading the 773 E. coli isolates on MC-CEF. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was used to test the phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility to 16 antibiotics. The MIC results confirmed the ceftiofur resistance in 73.1% (38/52) of CEFREC isolates, whereas all RSEC isolates were susceptible to ceftiofur. The comparison of MIC values for each antibiotic tested between the two groups revealed significantly higher frequencies of resistance to antimicrobials other than ceftiofur in the CEFREC group. Resistance profiles highlighted a significantly higher frequency of MDR isolates among CEFREC (73.1%) than RSEC (17%) E. coli. The results showed that MC-CEF may be a useful selective medium to identify cephalosporin-resistant and MDR E. coli on dairy farms, without performing MIC on all the isolates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clara Locatelli
- 1Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Barberio
- 2Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Sondra Bonamico
- 2Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Antonio Casula
- 1Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Moroni
- 1Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,3Quality Milk Production Services, Animal Heath Diagnostic Center, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Valerio Bronzo
- 1Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
Multidrug resistance in Escherichia coli has become a worrying issue that is increasingly observed in human but also in veterinary medicine worldwide. E. coli is intrinsically susceptible to almost all clinically relevant antimicrobial agents, but this bacterial species has a great capacity to accumulate resistance genes, mostly through horizontal gene transfer. The most problematic mechanisms in E. coli correspond to the acquisition of genes coding for extended-spectrum β-lactamases (conferring resistance to broad-spectrum cephalosporins), carbapenemases (conferring resistance to carbapenems), 16S rRNA methylases (conferring pan-resistance to aminoglycosides), plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes (conferring resistance to [fluoro]quinolones), and mcr genes (conferring resistance to polymyxins). Although the spread of carbapenemase genes has been mainly recognized in the human sector but poorly recognized in animals, colistin resistance in E. coli seems rather to be related to the use of colistin in veterinary medicine on a global scale. For the other resistance traits, their cross-transfer between the human and animal sectors still remains controversial even though genomic investigations indicate that extended-spectrum β-lactamase producers encountered in animals are distinct from those affecting humans. In addition, E. coli of animal origin often also show resistances to other-mostly older-antimicrobial agents, including tetracyclines, phenicols, sulfonamides, trimethoprim, and fosfomycin. Plasmids, especially multiresistance plasmids, but also other mobile genetic elements, such as transposons and gene cassettes in class 1 and class 2 integrons, seem to play a major role in the dissemination of resistance genes. Of note, coselection and persistence of resistances to critically important antimicrobial agents in human medicine also occurs through the massive use of antimicrobial agents in veterinary medicine, such as tetracyclines or sulfonamides, as long as all those determinants are located on the same genetic elements.
Collapse
|
47
|
Kallau NHG, Wibawan IWT, Lukman DW, Sudarwanto MB. Detection of multi-drug resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli and tet gene prevalence at a pig farm in Kupang , Indonesia. J Adv Vet Anim Res 2018; 5:388-396. [PMID: 31453148 PMCID: PMC6702907 DOI: 10.5455/javar.2018.e289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to detect the incidence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) and the spread of tet genes that encode tetracycline (TE) resistance in E. coli in pig farms in the city of Kupang, Indonesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Samples of pig feces have been obtained from 96 pig farms in Kupang city, Indonesia. Escherichia coli bacteria were isolated and identified morphologically and biochemically, and finally confirmed by the API test. The disk diffusion method has been used to observe the antibiotic sensitivity effects and has been followed by observing resistant genes encoding TE resistance using the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (m-PCR) method to detect the presence of tet genes such as tet (A), tet (B), tet (C), tet (D), and tet (E), respectively. RESULTS A total of 82 (85.4%) of E. coli isolates have been found in all pig feces samples obtained from 96 pig farms in Kupang city. This study has shown a high level of antibiotic resistance dominated by erythromycin (85.4%) and cephalothin (58.5%) and followed by several other antibiotics with a percentage below 34.1%. The prevalence of MDR E. coli was 57.3% by showing 39 different patterns. The most common pattern was showed by the Cephalothin-Colistin-Erythromycin pattern. The resistance of E. coli to TE appears to be related to the presence of tet (A) and tet (E) genes. CONCLUSION This study has encouraged the need for public awareness (farmers) of the wise use of antibiotics in preventing the spread of resistant bacteria that can cause health problems in animals and humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Novalino Harold Geoffrey Kallau
- Department of Animal Disease and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nusa Cendana University, Kupang, Indonesia
| | - I Wayan Teguh Wibawan
- Department of Animal Disease and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Denny Widaya Lukman
- Department of Animal Disease and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nusa Cendana University, Kupang, Indonesia
- Department of Animal Disease and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Mirnawati Bachrum Sudarwanto
- Department of Animal Disease and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nusa Cendana University, Kupang, Indonesia
- Department of Animal Disease and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Collis RM, Burgess SA, Biggs PJ, Midwinter AC, French NP, Toombs-Ruane L, Cookson AL. Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Dairy Farm Environments: A New Zealand Perspective. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2018; 16:5-22. [PMID: 30418042 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2018.2524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global issue for both human and animal health. Infections caused by antimicrobial-resistant bacteria present treatment option challenges and are often associated with heightened severity of infection. Antimicrobial use (AMU) in human and animal health is a main driver for the development of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. Increasing levels of AMU and the development and spread of AMR in food-producing animals, especially in poultry and swine production, has been identified as a food safety risk, but dairy production systems have been less studied. A number of farm management practices may impact on animal disease and as a result can influence the use of antimicrobials and subsequently AMR prevalence. However, this relationship is multifactorial and complex. Several AMR transmission pathways between dairy cattle, the environment, and humans have been proposed, including contact with manure-contaminated pastures, direct contact, or through the food chain from contaminated animal-derived products. The World Health Organization has defined a priority list for selected bacterial pathogens of concern to human health according to 10 criteria relating to health and AMR. This list includes human pathogens such as the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E), which can be associated with dairy cattle, their environment, as well as animal-derived food products. ESBL-E represent a potential risk to human and animal health and an emerging food safety concern. This review addresses two areas; first, the current understanding of the role of dairy farming in the prevalence and spread of AMR is considered, highlighting research gaps using ESBL-E as an exemplar; and second, a New Zealand perspective is taken to examine how farm management practices may contribute to on-farm AMU and AMR in dairy cattle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rose M Collis
- 1 AgResearch Ltd, Hopkirk Research Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,2 Molecular Epidemiology and Veterinary Public Health Laboratory (mEpiLab), Infectious Disease Research Centre, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Sara A Burgess
- 2 Molecular Epidemiology and Veterinary Public Health Laboratory (mEpiLab), Infectious Disease Research Centre, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Patrick J Biggs
- 2 Molecular Epidemiology and Veterinary Public Health Laboratory (mEpiLab), Infectious Disease Research Centre, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,3 Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand. Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,4 New Zealand Food Safety Science and Research Centre, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Anne C Midwinter
- 2 Molecular Epidemiology and Veterinary Public Health Laboratory (mEpiLab), Infectious Disease Research Centre, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Nigel P French
- 2 Molecular Epidemiology and Veterinary Public Health Laboratory (mEpiLab), Infectious Disease Research Centre, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,4 New Zealand Food Safety Science and Research Centre, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Leah Toombs-Ruane
- 2 Molecular Epidemiology and Veterinary Public Health Laboratory (mEpiLab), Infectious Disease Research Centre, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Adrian L Cookson
- 1 AgResearch Ltd, Hopkirk Research Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,2 Molecular Epidemiology and Veterinary Public Health Laboratory (mEpiLab), Infectious Disease Research Centre, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Saidani M, Messadi L, Soudani A, Daaloul-Jedidi M, Châtre P, Ben Chehida F, Mamlouk A, Mahjoub W, Madec JY, Haenni M. Epidemiology, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Clinical Bovine Mastitis in Tunisia. Microb Drug Resist 2018; 24:1242-1248. [DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2018.0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mariem Saidani
- Service de Microbiologie et d'Immunologie, Ecole Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de La Manouba, Sidi Thabet, Tunisie
- Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie, Université de Carthage, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Lilia Messadi
- Service de Microbiologie et d'Immunologie, Ecole Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de La Manouba, Sidi Thabet, Tunisie
| | - Alya Soudani
- Service de Microbiologie et d'Immunologie, Ecole Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de La Manouba, Sidi Thabet, Tunisie
| | - Monia Daaloul-Jedidi
- Service de Microbiologie et d'Immunologie, Ecole Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de La Manouba, Sidi Thabet, Tunisie
| | - Pierre Châtre
- Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 - ANSES Site de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Faten Ben Chehida
- Service de Microbiologie et d'Immunologie, Ecole Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de La Manouba, Sidi Thabet, Tunisie
| | - Aymen Mamlouk
- Service de Microbiologie et d'Immunologie, Ecole Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de La Manouba, Sidi Thabet, Tunisie
| | - Wassim Mahjoub
- Service de Microbiologie et d'Immunologie, Ecole Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de La Manouba, Sidi Thabet, Tunisie
| | - Jean-Yves Madec
- Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 - ANSES Site de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Marisa Haenni
- Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 - ANSES Site de Lyon, Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Dandachi I, Chabou S, Daoud Z, Rolain JM. Prevalence and Emergence of Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin-, Carbapenem- and Colistin-Resistant Gram Negative Bacteria of Animal Origin in the Mediterranean Basin. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2299. [PMID: 30323797 PMCID: PMC6172473 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, extended ESBL and carbapenemase producing Gram negative bacteria have become widespread in hospitals, community settings and the environment. This has been triggered by the few therapeutic options left when infections with these multi-drug resistant organisms occur. The emergence of resistance to colistin, the last therapeutic option against carbapenem-resistant bacteria, worsened the situation. Recently, animals were regarded as potent antimicrobial reservoir and a possible source of infection to humans. Enteric Gram negative bacteria in animals can be easily transmitted to humans by direct contact or indirectly through the handling and consumption of undercooked/uncooked animal products. In the Mediterranean basin, little is known about the current overall epidemiology of multi-drug resistant bacteria in livestock, companion, and domestic animals. This review describes the current epidemiology of ESBL, carbapenemase producers and colistin resistant bacteria of animal origin in this region of the world. The CTX-M group 1 seems to prevail in animals in this area, followed by SHV-12 and CTX-M group 9. The dissemination of carbapenemase producers and colistin resistance remains low. Isolated multi-drug resistant bacteria were often co-resistant to non-beta-lactam antibiotics, frequently used in veterinary medicine as treatment, growth promoters, prophylaxis and in human medicine for therapeutic purposes. Antibiotics used in veterinary medicine in this area include mainly tetracycline, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, and polymyxins. Indeed, it appears that the emergence of ESBL and carbapenemase producers in animals is not related to the use of beta-lactam antibiotics but is, rather, due to the co-selective pressure applied by the over usage of non-beta-lactams. The level of antibiotic consumption in animals should be, therefore, re-considered in the Mediterranean area especially in North Africa and western Asia where no accurate data are available about the level of antibiotic consumption in animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iman Dandachi
- IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Selma Chabou
- IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Ziad Daoud
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jean-Marc Rolain
- IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|