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Yin Y, Jiang J, Hu Y, Chen Y, Wei Z, Chen H. Discovery of the rich diversity of Mesomycoplasma hyopneumoniae through high-throughput sequencing. Vet Microbiol 2024; 297:110213. [PMID: 39116641 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Pneumonia caused by Mesomycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Mhp) is a respiratory disease with high morbidity and low mortality that typically presents in growing pigs. Although often subclinical, the disease can significantly affect the pig farming industry economically due to decreased growth rates and inefficient feed conversion. Effective control of Mhp depends on the detection of dominant strains prevalent in infected animals, which vary in virulence. However, traditional culture methods for diagnosing Mhp are laborious and slow, whereas multi-locus sequence typing, another possible method, requires identifying several genes. This study introduces a novel pair of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers for the rapid detection and genetic evolution analysis of Mhp strains to facilitate improved vaccine selection. The genetic evolutionary tree established using the PCR amplification fragment was highly similar to the genetic evolutionary tree established using whole-genome sequences. Analysis of 131 samples from Guangxi and Hunan slaughterhouses revealed a 30.53 % prevalence of Mhp. High-throughput sequencing has shown that Mhp has a diverse bacterial population in clinically collected samples. The prevalence of major strains may vary among regions. Additionally, the strains of Mhp vaccines sold may differ significantly from the strains prevalent on farms. In summary, this work has designed a pair of primers that will be useful for detecting the diversity of Mhp and for targeted prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeshi Yin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue East Road, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China.
| | - Jianzhao Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue East Road, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Yunfei Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, No.1 Nongda Road, Furong District, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Ying Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue East Road, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Zuzhang Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue East Road, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Huahai Chen
- GuangxiAcademy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, No. 98 Daling Road, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China.
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Ma J, Ding L, Peng X, Jiang L, Liu G. Recent Advances of Engineered Cell Membrane-Based Nanotherapeutics to Combat Inflammatory Diseases. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308646. [PMID: 38334202 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
An immune reaction known as inflammation serves as a shield from external danger signals, but an overactive immune system may additionally lead to tissue damage and even a variety of inflammatory disorders. By inheriting biological functionalities and serving as both a therapeutic medication and a drug carrier, cell membrane-based nanotherapeutics offer the potential to treat inflammatory disorders. To further strengthen the anti-inflammatory benefits of natural cell membranes, researchers alter and optimize the membranes using engineering methods. This review focuses on engineered cell membrane-based nanotherapeutics (ECMNs) and their application in treating inflammation-related diseases. Specifically, this article discusses the methods of engineering cell membranes for inflammatory diseases and examines the progress of ECMNs in inflammation-targeted therapy, inflammation-neutralizing therapy, and inflammation-immunomodulatory therapy. Additionally, the article looks into the perspectives and challenges of ECMNs in inflammatory treatment and offers suggestions as well as guidance to encourage further investigations and implementations in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Linyu Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Xuqi Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Lai Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
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Liu W, Jiang P, Song T, Yang K, Yuan F, Gao T, Liu Z, Li C, Guo R, Xiao S, Tian Y, Zhou D. A Recombinant Chimera Vaccine Composed of LTB and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Antigens P97R1, mhp390 and P46 Elicits Cellular Immunologic Response in Mice. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1291. [PMID: 37631860 PMCID: PMC10457768 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11081291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the etiological agent of porcine enzootic pneumonia (EP), leading to a mild and chronic pneumonia in swine. Relative control has been attained through active vaccination programs, but porcine enzootic pneumonia remains a significant economic challenge in the swine industry. Cellular immunity plays a key role in the prevention and control of porcine enzootic pneumonia. Therefore, the development of a more efficient vaccine that confers a strong immunity against M. hyopneumoniae is necessary. In this study, a multi-antigen chimera (L9m6) was constructed by combining the heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit (LTB) with three antigens of M. hyopneumoniae (P97R1, mhp390, and P46), and its immunogenic and antigenic properties were assessed in a murine model. In addition, we compared the effect of individual administration and multiple-fusion of these antigens. The chimeric multi-fusion vaccine induced significant cellular immune responses and high production of IgG and IgM antibodies against M. hyopneumoniae. Collectively, our data suggested that rL9m6 chimera exhibits potential as a viable vaccine candidate for the prevention and control of porcine enzootic pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.L.); (P.J.); (K.Y.); (F.Y.); (T.G.); (Z.L.); (C.L.); (R.G.)
| | - Peizhao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.L.); (P.J.); (K.Y.); (F.Y.); (T.G.); (Z.L.); (C.L.); (R.G.)
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, China;
| | - Tao Song
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, China;
| | - Keli Yang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.L.); (P.J.); (K.Y.); (F.Y.); (T.G.); (Z.L.); (C.L.); (R.G.)
| | - Fangyan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.L.); (P.J.); (K.Y.); (F.Y.); (T.G.); (Z.L.); (C.L.); (R.G.)
| | - Ting Gao
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.L.); (P.J.); (K.Y.); (F.Y.); (T.G.); (Z.L.); (C.L.); (R.G.)
| | - Zewen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.L.); (P.J.); (K.Y.); (F.Y.); (T.G.); (Z.L.); (C.L.); (R.G.)
| | - Chang Li
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.L.); (P.J.); (K.Y.); (F.Y.); (T.G.); (Z.L.); (C.L.); (R.G.)
| | - Rui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.L.); (P.J.); (K.Y.); (F.Y.); (T.G.); (Z.L.); (C.L.); (R.G.)
| | - Shaobo Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, Division of Animal Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Yongxiang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.L.); (P.J.); (K.Y.); (F.Y.); (T.G.); (Z.L.); (C.L.); (R.G.)
| | - Danna Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.L.); (P.J.); (K.Y.); (F.Y.); (T.G.); (Z.L.); (C.L.); (R.G.)
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Zhang Y, Liu B, Said A, Xie J, Tian F, Cao Z, Chao Z, Li F, Li X, Li S, Liu H, Wang W. Regulatory functional role of NLRP3 inflammasome during Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection in swine. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skad216. [PMID: 37351955 PMCID: PMC10406421 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae causes enzootic pneumonia, a highly contagious respiratory disease in swine that causes significant economic losses worldwide. It is unknown whether the nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptor (NLR) family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome regulates the immune response in swine during M. hyopneumoniae infection. The current study utilized an in vivo swine model of M. hyopneumoniae infection to investigate the regulatory functional role of the NLRP3 inflammasome during M. hyopneumoniae infection. Notable histopathological alterations were observed in M. hyopneumoniae-infected swine tissues, which were associated with an inflammatory response and disease progression. Swine M. hyopneumoniae infection was associated with an increase in the expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome, which stimulated pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 18, and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β). The impact of the NLRP3 inhibitor, MCC950 on NLRP3 and pro-inflammatory cytokines in M. hyopneumoniae-infected swine was examined to investigate the relationship between the NLRP3 inflammasome and M. hyopneumoniae infection. Taken together, our findings provide strong evidence that the NLRP3 inflammasome plays a critical regulatory functional role in M. hyopneumoniae infection in swine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571100, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal Breeding and Disease Research, Haikou 571100, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou 256600, China
- Lvdu Bio-Sciences &Technology Co. Ltd., Binzhou 256600, Shandong, China
| | - Abdelrahman Said
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Parasitology and Animal Diseases Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Jinwen Xie
- Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou 256600, China
| | - Fengrong Tian
- Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou 256600, China
| | - Zongxi Cao
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571100, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal Breeding and Disease Research, Haikou 571100, China
| | - Zhe Chao
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571100, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal Breeding and Disease Research, Haikou 571100, China
| | - Feng Li
- Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou 256600, China
- Shandong Academician Workstation, Binzhou 256600, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Li
- Xinjiang Agricultural University, Wulumuqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Shuguang Li
- Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou 256600, China
| | - Hailong Liu
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571100, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal Breeding and Disease Research, Haikou 571100, China
| | - Wenxiu Wang
- Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou 256600, China
- Shandong Academician Workstation, Binzhou 256600, Shandong, China
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5
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Hao F, Bai Y, Xie X, Yuan T, Wei Y, Xiong Q, Gan Y, Zhang L, Zhang Z, Shao G, Feng Z. Phenotypic characteristics and protective efficacy of an attenuated Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccine by aerosol administration. Vaccine 2022; 40:6074-6083. [PMID: 36109278 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.08.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
With the improvement of large-scale breeding in pig farms, conventional head-by-head immunization has disadvantages with low efficiency and high cost. Considering that most pathogens leading to pulmonary diseases circulate from the respiratory mucosa, immunization through the respiratory tract route has been a highly attractive vaccine delivery strategy. In this study, to develop an effective Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Mhp) aerosol vaccine, a customized ultrasonic atomizer was developed. The aerodynamic diameter, activity, and content of the Mhp aerosol vaccine were measured. In addition, piglets were immunized with the Mhp aerosol vaccine, and the immunity of the animal challenge protection test was evaluated. At the end of nebulization, the mass median aerodynamic diameters (MMAD) and geometric standard deviation (GSD) of the aerosol were 2.98 ± 0.02 μm and 1.51 ± 0.02, respectively. Moreover, 10 min after nebulization, the MMAD and GSD of the aerosol were 2.76 ± 0.02 μm and 1.51 ± 0.01, respectively, which were hardly changed. Compared with theoretical value, the actual titer of aerosol vaccines presented in 50% color changing unit (CCU50) after nebulization decreased 0.6. The shape, size, and uniformity of collected aerosols are relatively stable. The proportion of Mhp in aerosol produced by vaccine stock solution and 10 times diluted vaccine solution was 76.52% and 58.82%, respectively, and the average number of Mhp in a single aerosol was 3.06 and 1.51, respectively. In addition, the aerosol vaccine antigen particles could be transported to the lower respiratory tract, a local mucosal immune response was induced in piglets. The vaccine colonized the respiratory tract and significantly decline the lung lesion index after aerosol vaccination. In conclusion, an effective aerosol vaccine against Mhp infection was developed. And this is the first effective assessment for Mhp live vaccine with aerosolization against infection in piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Hao
- Key Laboratory for Veterinary Bio-Product Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, PR China
| | - Yun Bai
- Key Laboratory for Veterinary Bio-Product Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, PR China
| | - Xing Xie
- Key Laboratory for Veterinary Bio-Product Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, PR China
| | - Ting Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Veterinary Bio-Product Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China
| | - Yanna Wei
- Key Laboratory for Veterinary Bio-Product Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China
| | - Qiyan Xiong
- Key Laboratory for Veterinary Bio-Product Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China
| | - Yuan Gan
- Key Laboratory for Veterinary Bio-Product Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Veterinary Bio-Product Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Veterinary Bio-Product Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China
| | - Guoqing Shao
- Key Laboratory for Veterinary Bio-Product Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, PR China
| | - Zhixin Feng
- Key Laboratory for Veterinary Bio-Product Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, PR China.
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Xu L, Hao F, Wang J, Feng Z, Zhang L, Yuan T, Chen R, Zhang Z, Shao G, Xiong Q, Lin J, Xie X, Liu Y. Th1 and Th17 mucosal immune responses elicited by nasally inoculation in mice with virulence factors of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. Microb Pathog 2022; 172:105779. [PMID: 36116609 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide-Dependent (NADH) flavin oxidoreductase and NADH oxidase (NOX) are important virulence factors of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Mhp), which are devoted to the function of adhesion, oxidative stress damage and apoptosis to host cells in our previous studies. Here, immune responses of NADH flavin oxidoreductase (NFOR) and NOX in mice and immune efficacy inoculated with intramuscular (IM), intranasal (IN), intramuscular unite intranasal (IM + IN) approaches were evaluated and compared. Cellular immunity levels, systemic immune and local mucosal immune responses were investigated by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) and quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Mice inoculated with NFOR and NOX by IM and IN or IM + IN could induce obvious secretion of specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) and secretory immunoglobulin A antibodies (sIgA) compared to those in negative control group. IM + IN inoculation resulted in systemic and local mucosal immune responses that were strongly produced. Moreover, Mhp NFOR and NOX could activate local mucosal immune responses mediated by Th1 and Th17 cells by IN. Our finding supported the notion that IM + IN was an effective immunization route for Mhp, which lays a foundation for more effective prevention of Mhp, and provides theoretical basis for the development of new subunit vaccines of Mhp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China; Key Laboratory for Veterinary Bio-Product Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, PR China
| | - Fei Hao
- Key Laboratory for Veterinary Bio-Product Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, PR China; Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X 54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China; Key Laboratory for Veterinary Bio-Product Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, PR China
| | - Zhixin Feng
- Key Laboratory for Veterinary Bio-Product Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, PR China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Veterinary Bio-Product Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, PR China
| | - Ting Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Veterinary Bio-Product Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, PR China
| | - Rong Chen
- Key Laboratory for Veterinary Bio-Product Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, PR China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Veterinary Bio-Product Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, PR China
| | - Guoqing Shao
- Key Laboratory for Veterinary Bio-Product Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, PR China
| | - Qiyan Xiong
- Key Laboratory for Veterinary Bio-Product Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, PR China
| | - Johnson Lin
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X 54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Xing Xie
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China; Key Laboratory for Veterinary Bio-Product Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, PR China.
| | - Yongjie Liu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China.
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7
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Zhang H, Lu S, Chao J, Lu D, Zhao G, Chen Y, Chen H, Faisal M, Yang L, Hu C, Guo A. The attenuated Mycoplasma bovis strain promotes apoptosis of bovine macrophages by upregulation of CHOP expression. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:925209. [PMID: 35992665 PMCID: PMC9381834 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.925209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma bovis (M. bovis) is one of the major pathogens in the bovine respiratory disease complex, which includes pneumonia, mastitis, and arthritis and causes a great economic loss in the cattle industry. In China, a live-attenuated vaccine strain M. bovis P150 was obtained by a continuous culture of the wild-type strain M. bovis HB0801 (P1) in vitro for 150 passages. Using the infected bovine macrophage cell line BoMac, this work attempted to investigate the mechanism of P150 attenuation and protective immune response. To begin, we show that M. bovis P150 effectively triggered cytotoxicity and apoptosis in BoMac, although with lower intracellular survival than P1. The transcriptomes of BoMac after infection with M. bovis strains P1 and P150 were sequenced, and bioinformatic analysis identified 233 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with 185 upregulated and 48 downregulated. Further Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses revealed that the majority of the DEGs were linked to CHOP complex, MAP kinase phosphatase activity and were involved in the IL-17 signaling pathway in immune response, MAPK signaling pathway in signal transduction, and p53 signaling pathway in cell growth and death. Among them, the level of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) was significantly upregulated in P150-infected BoMac compared to P1-infected cells at different time points, along with its upstream and downstream genes phosphorylated-PERK, phosphorylated-EIF2α, ATF4, and GADD45A increased in the PERK-dependent ER stress response. The role of CHOP in apoptosis was further verified by M. bovis-induced siCHOP knockdown in BoMac cells. The results showed that CHOP knockdown enhanced P150-induced apoptosis and dramatically increased the M. bovis P1 and P150 intracellular survival, particularly for P150. These data suggest that P150 infection upregulates CHOP expression, which can increase apoptosis and mediate a crosstalk between ER stress and apoptosis during infection, and hence, contribute to high cytotoxicity and low intracellular survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyi Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jin Chao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Doukun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huanchun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Muhammad Faisal
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liguo Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Changmin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Changmin Hu,
| | - Aizhen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Aizhen Guo,
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8
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Huang J, Ding Y, Yao J, Zhang M, Zhang Y, Xie Z, Zuo J. Nasal Nanovaccines for SARS-CoV-2 to Address COVID-19. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10030405. [PMID: 35335037 PMCID: PMC8952855 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10030405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is still prevalent around the globe. Although some SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have been distributed to the population, the shortcomings of vaccines and the continuous emergence of SARS-CoV-2 mutant virus strains are a cause for concern. Thus, it is vital to continue to improve vaccines and vaccine delivery methods. One option is nasal vaccination, which is more convenient than injections and does not require a syringe. Additionally, stronger mucosal immunity is produced under nasal vaccination. The easy accessibility of the intranasal route is more advantageous than injection in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Nanoparticles have been proven to be suitable delivery vehicles and adjuvants, and different NPs have different advantages. The shortcomings of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine may be compensated by selecting or modifying different nanoparticles. It travels along the digestive tract to the intestine, where it is presented by GALT, tissue-resident immune cells, and gastrointestinal lymph nodes. Nasal nanovaccines are easy to use, safe, multifunctional, and can be distributed quickly, demonstrating strong prospects as a vaccination method for SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-2 variants, or SARS-CoV-n.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialu Huang
- The Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; (J.H.); (M.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Z.X.)
| | - Yubo Ding
- Nanhua Hospital Affiliated to University of South China, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421002, China; (Y.D.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jingwei Yao
- Nanhua Hospital Affiliated to University of South China, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421002, China; (Y.D.); (J.Y.)
| | - Minghui Zhang
- The Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; (J.H.); (M.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Z.X.)
| | - Yu Zhang
- The Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; (J.H.); (M.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Z.X.)
| | - Zhuoyi Xie
- The Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; (J.H.); (M.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Z.X.)
| | - Jianhong Zuo
- The Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; (J.H.); (M.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Z.X.)
- Nanhua Hospital Affiliated to University of South China, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421002, China; (Y.D.); (J.Y.)
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421900, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-7345-675219
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9
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Mechler-Dreibi ML, Almeida HMS, Sonalio K, Martines MAC, Petri FAM, Zambotti BB, Ferreira MM, Storino GY, Martins TS, Montassier HJ, Sant'Anna OA, Fantini MCA, de Oliveira LG. Oral vaccination of piglets against Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae using silica SBA-15 as an adjuvant effectively reduced consolidation lung lesions at slaughter. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22377. [PMID: 34789792 PMCID: PMC8599662 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01883-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma (M.) hyopneumoniae is the main pathogen of porcine enzootic pneumonia (PEP). Its controlling is challenging, and requires alternative strategies. This study aimed to develop an oral vaccine against M. hyopneumoniae using a nanostructured mesoporous silica (SBA-15) as an adjuvant, and compare its effect with an intramuscular (IM) commercial vaccine (CV). Fifty 24 day-old M. hyopneumoniae-free piglets composed five equal groups for different immunization protocols, consisting of a CV and/or oral immunization (OI). Control piglets did not receive any form of immunization. All piglets were challenged with M. hyopneumoniae strain 232 on D49 by tracheal route. IgA antibody response in the respiratory tract, bacterial shedding and serum IgG were evaluated. The piglets were euthanized on 28 (D77) and 56 (D105) days post-infection. Lung lesions were macroscopically evaluated; lung fragments and bronchoalveolar fluid (BALF) were collected for estimation of bacterial loads by qPCR and/or histopathology examination. All immunization protocols induced reduction on Mycoplasma-like macroscopic lung lesions. IgA Ab responses anti-M. hyopneumoniae, the expression of IL-4 cytokine and a lower expression of IL-8 were induced by CV and OI vaccines, while IgG was induced only by CV. Oral immunization using silica as a carrier-adjuvant can be viable in controlling M. hyopneumoniae infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina L Mechler-Dreibi
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Henrique M S Almeida
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Karina Sonalio
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Mariela A C Martines
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Fernando A M Petri
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Beatriz B Zambotti
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Marcela M Ferreira
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Y Storino
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Tereza S Martins
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Hélio J Montassier
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luís Guilherme de Oliveira
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, Brazil.
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10
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Abstract
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae: is the etiological agent of porcine enzootic pneumonia (EP), a disease that impacts the swine industry worldwide. Pathogen-induced damage, as well as the elicited host-response, contribute to disease. Here, we provide an overview of EP epidemiology, control and prevention, and a more in-depth review of M. hyopneumoniae pathogenicity determinants, highlighting some molecular mechanisms of pathogen-host interactions relevant for pathogenesis. Based on recent functional, immunological, and comparative “omics” results, we discuss the roles of many known or putative M. hyopneumoniae virulence factors, along with host molecules involved in EP. Moreover, the known molecular bases of pathogenicity mechanisms, including M. hyopneumoniae adhesion to host respiratory epithelium, protein secretion, cell damage, host microbicidal response and its modulation, and maintenance of M. hyopneumoniae homeostasis during infection are described. Recent findings regarding M. hyopneumoniae pathogenicity determinants also contribute to the development of novel diagnostic tests, vaccines, and treatments for EP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda M A Leal Zimmer
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural e Funcional, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, UFRGS , Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Andrade Paes
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural e Funcional, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, UFRGS , Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Arnaldo Zaha
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural e Funcional, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, UFRGS , Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Cestódeos, Centro de Biotecnologia, UFRGS , Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Instituto de Biociências, UFRGS , Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Henrique Bunselmeyer Ferreira
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural e Funcional, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, UFRGS , Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Cestódeos, Centro de Biotecnologia, UFRGS , Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Instituto de Biociências, UFRGS , Porto Alegre, Brazil
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11
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Zhang Z, Wang H, Xie X, Chen R, Li J, Ni B, Yu P, Liu Z, Shao G, Xiong Q, Wei Y, Liu B, Feng Z, Zhou X, Zhang C. Long-Residence Pneumonia Vaccine Developed Using PEG-Grafted Hybrid Nanovesicles from Cell Membrane Fusion of Mycoplasma and IFN-γ-Primed Macrophages. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2101183. [PMID: 34270853 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202101183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
CD8+ T cell responses play a critical regulatory role in protection against mycoplasma infection-related respiratory diseases. Nanovesicles derived from cell membranes have been shown to induce CD8+ T cell responses. Moreover, the short residence time of mycoplasma membrane-related vaccines in local lymph nodes limits the efficacy of current mycoplasma vaccines. Here, a long-residence pneumonia vaccine is developed using nanovesicles prepared by cell membrane fusion of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and interferon-γ (IFN-γ )-primed macrophages, which are grafted with polyethylene glycol to increase residence time in the lymph nodes. Upregulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on the membrane of IFN-γ-primed macrophages increases the targeting of the hybrid nanovesicle vaccine to the local lymph nodes, with increased CD8+ T cell activation. A mechanistic study reveals that CD8+ T cell activation is achieved via a pathway involving upregulation of C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/3 expression by E26 transformation-specific sequences, followed by increased immune-stimulatory activity of dendritic cells. In vivo, prophylactic testing reveals that the hybrid nanovesicle vaccine triggers a long-term immune response, as evidenced by a memory CD8+ T cell response against mycoplasma infection. The current study provides a new design strategy for mycoplasma vaccines that involves a hybrid method using biological sources and artificial modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Zhang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Xing Xie
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Rong Chen
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Jun Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Bo Ni
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Pei Yu
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zunfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Guoqing Shao
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Qiyan Xiong
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Yanna Wei
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Beibei Liu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Zhixin Feng
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
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12
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Li Z, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Tang X, Wang X, Liu W, Qian Y, Zhu Y, Chen H, Tan C. Attenuation of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Strain ES-2 and Comparative Genomic Analysis of ES-2 and Its Attenuated Form ES-2L. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:696262. [PMID: 34235206 PMCID: PMC8255604 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.696262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae causes swine respiratory disease worldwide. Due to the difficulty of isolating and cultivating M. hyopneumoniae, very few attenuated strains have been successfully isolated, which hampers the development of attenuated vaccines. In order to produce an attenuated M. hyopneumoniae strain, we used the highly virulent M. hyopneumoniae strain ES-2, which was serially passaged in vitro 200 times to produce the attenuated strain ES-2L, and its virulence was evidenced to be low in an animal experiment. In order to elucidate the mechanisms underlying virulence attenuation, we performed whole-genome sequencing of both strains and conducted comparative genomic analyses of strain ES-2 and its attenuated form ES-2L. Strain ES-2L showed three large fragment deletion regions including a total of 18 deleted genes, compared with strain ES-2. Analysis of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and indels indicated that 22 dels were located in 19 predicted coding sequences. In addition to these indels, 348 single-nucleotide variations (SNVs) were identified between strains ES-2L and ES-2. These SNVs mapped to 99 genes where they appeared to induce amino acid substitutions and translation stops. The deleted genes and SNVs may be associated with decreased virulence of strain ES-2L. Our work provides a foundation for further examining virulence factors of M. hyopneumoniae and for the development of attenuated vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenya Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Xibiao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China.,Wuhan Keqian Biology Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenhao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Yulin Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongwei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Huanchun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China.,Wuhan Keqian Biology Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China.,International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China.,International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China, Wuhan, China
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13
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Ding H, Wen Y, Xu Z, Zhou B, Tlili C, Tian Y, Wang Z, Ning Y, Xin J. Development of an ELISA for distinguishing convalescent sera with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection from hyperimmune sera responses to bacterin vaccination in pigs. Vet Med Sci 2021; 7:1831-1840. [PMID: 34021737 PMCID: PMC8464267 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccination with inactivated bacterin is the most popular and practical measure to control enzootic pneumonia. After immunisation with inactivated bacterin, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae colonised on the respiratory tract and lung stimulates the humoural immune responses and produces IgG and IgA antibodies. ELISA is a widely used serological method to detect M. hyopneumoniae antibodies. However, commercial IgG‐ELISA kit cannot distinguish between inactivated bacterin‐induced hyperimmune sera and convalescent sera stimulated by natural infection. SIgA‐ELISA method needs to collect nasal swabs, but collecting nasal swabs is not easy to operate. Establishment of a discriminative ELISA detecting humoural IgG from convalescent sera but not hyperimmune sera facilitates to evaluate the natural infection of M. hyopneumoniae after inactivated bacterin vaccination. We expressed and purified a recombinant protein named Mhp366‐N which contains an epitope recognised by the convalescent sera but not hyperimmune sera. The developed discriminative IgG‐ELISA could discriminate between inactivated bacterin‐induced hyperimmune sera and convalescent sera and was reproducible, sensitive and specific to M. hyopneumoniae antibody produced by natural infection. Compared to SIgA‐ELISA method, discriminative IgG‐ELISA was more convenient to detect IgG antibody from sera than IgA from nasal swabs, although it has limited sensitivity in the early stages of infection. Additionally, to some extent, it has a potential to avoid the interference of maternally derived IgG antibodies. The established discriminative IgG‐ELISA was efficient to judge the serological IgG antibodies induced from natural infection or inactivated vaccine stimulation and provided a useful method to investigate and evaluate the live organism infection after the application of inactivated bacterin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglei Ding
- Laboratory of Veterinary Mycoplasmology, College of Veterinary Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Immunology Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yukang Wen
- Laboratory of Veterinary Mycoplasmology, College of Veterinary Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Immunology Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zuobo Xu
- Laboratory of Veterinary Mycoplasmology, College of Veterinary Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Immunology Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bingqian Zhou
- Laboratory of Veterinary Mycoplasmology, College of Veterinary Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Immunology Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chaker Tlili
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Yaqin Tian
- Laboratory of Veterinary Mycoplasmology, College of Veterinary Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Immunology Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhaodi Wang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Mycoplasmology, College of Veterinary Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Immunology Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yaru Ning
- Laboratory of Veterinary Mycoplasmology, College of Veterinary Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Immunology Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiuqing Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
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14
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Maes D, Boyen F, Devriendt B, Kuhnert P, Summerfield A, Haesebrouck F. Perspectives for improvement of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccines in pigs. Vet Res 2021; 52:67. [PMID: 33964969 PMCID: PMC8106180 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-021-00941-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M. hyopneumoniae) is one of the primary agents involved in the porcine respiratory disease complex, economically one of the most important diseases in pigs worldwide. The pathogen adheres to the ciliated epithelium of the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles, causes damage to the mucosal clearance system, modulates the immune system and renders the animal more susceptible to other respiratory infections. The pathogenesis is very complex and not yet fully understood. Cell-mediated and likely also mucosal humoral responses are considered important for protection, although infected animals are not able to rapidly clear the pathogen from the respiratory tract. Vaccination is frequently practiced worldwide to control M. hyopneumoniae infections and the associated performance losses, animal welfare issues, and treatment costs. Commercial vaccines are mostly bacterins that are administered intramuscularly. However, the commercial vaccines provide only partial protection, they do not prevent infection and have a limited effect on transmission. Therefore, there is a need for novel vaccines that confer a better protection. The present paper gives a short overview of the pathogenesis and immune responses following M. hyopneumoniae infection, outlines the major limitations of the commercial vaccines and reviews the different experimental M. hyopneumoniae vaccines that have been developed and tested in mice and pigs. Most experimental subunit, DNA and vector vaccines are based on the P97 adhesin or other factors that are important for pathogen survival and pathogenesis. Other studies focused on bacterins combined with novel adjuvants. Very few efforts have been directed towards the development of attenuated vaccines, although such vaccines may have great potential. As cell-mediated and likely also humoral mucosal responses are important for protection, new vaccines should aim to target these arms of the immune response. The selection of proper antigens, administration route and type of adjuvant and carrier molecule is essential for success. Also practical aspects, such as cost of the vaccine, ease of production, transport and administration, and possible combination with vaccines against other porcine pathogens, are important. Possible avenues for further research to develop better vaccines and to achieve a more sustainable control of M. hyopneumoniae infections are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominiek Maes
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
| | - Filip Boyen
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Bert Devriendt
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Peter Kuhnert
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Artur Summerfield
- Institute of Virology and Immunology, Sensemattstrasse 293, Mittelhäusern, Switzerland.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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15
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Ding H, Zhou Y, Wang H. Development of an indirect ELISA for detecting humoral immunodominant proteins of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae which can discriminate between inactivated bacterin-induced hyperimmune sera and convalescent sera. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:327. [PMID: 31511007 PMCID: PMC6739915 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-2077-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M. hyopneumoniae) is the primary pathogen of porcine enzootic pneumonia, which has been associated with economic losses due to reduced daily weight gain and feed efficiency. Although it has a small genome and no more than 1000 genes, M. hyopneumoniae can be cultured in cell free media. However, some proteins were not expressed or were only expressed in negligible amounts under culture conditions. Nevertheless, some of these proteins can be expressed at a high level and induce a strong and rapid immune response after M. hyopneumoniae infection. The unexpressed or less expressed proteins may play critical roles in pathogenesis and/or immune response. In order to find the differentially expressed proteins of M. hyopneumoniae between culture condition and infected animals, we established an indirect ELISA for the detection of humoral immunodominant proteins which can discriminate between inactivated bacterin-induced hyperimmune sera and convalescent sera by using Mhp366 protein which did not react with sera from bacterin-immunized pigs, but revealed a strong immunoreaction with porcine convalescent sera. Results The checkerboard titration method was done by using porcine convalescent sera as positive sera and inactivated bacterin-induced hyperimmune sera as negative sera. The bacterial lysates of fusion proteins and free GST protein without dilution were the optimal coating antigens. The optimal blocking buffer was PBS with 10% FBS and 2.5% skimmed milk. In the checkboard ELISAs, when the sera were diluted at 1:500 and the HRP-labeled rabbit anti-pig IgG were diluted at 1:20000, most positive result was obtained for the assay. Conclusions This established indirect ELISA can be used as a tool for the detection of humoral immunodominant proteins of M. hyopneumoniae which can discriminate between inactivated bacterin-induced hyperimmune sera and convalescent sera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglei Ding
- Laboratory of Veterinary Lemology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, No. 2, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing Municipality, 400715, China.
| | - Yaoqin Zhou
- Laboratory of Veterinary Lemology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, No. 2, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing Municipality, 400715, China
| | - Haoju Wang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Lemology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, No. 2, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing Municipality, 400715, China
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16
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Cathepsin L promotes secretory IgA response by participating in antigen presentation pathways during Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae infection. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215408. [PMID: 30986254 PMCID: PMC6464228 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cathepsin L (CTSL) has been proved to help contain leishmaniasis and mycoplasma infection in mice by supporting cellular immune responses, but the regulatory functions of CTSL on mucosal immune responses haven't been tested and remain undefined. Here, we investigated the effects of CTSL on SIgA responses and invariant chain (Ii) degradations in the co-cultured swine dendritic cells (DCs) and B cells system in vitro. When the cells system were transfected with vector CTSL-GFP or incubated with recombinant CTSL (rCTSL) before they were infected with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M.hp), SIgA significantly increased and Ii chain was degraded into smaller intermediates, while SIgA decreased when CTSL was knockdown or inhibited with E64. To confirm the SIgA responses promoted by CTSL contribute to the resistance to mycoplasma pneumonia, pigs injected with rCTSL before they were challenged with M.hp, showed milder clinical symptoms and histopathological damage of lungs, less mycoplasma burden together with higher secretion of SIgA, percentages of CD4+ T cells and level of MHC II molecules comparing with the group without rCTSL. Collectively, these results suggested that rCTSL could provide effective protection for piglets against mycoplasma pneumonia by enhancing M.hp-specific mucosal immune responses through its role in antigen presentation by processing the invariant chain.
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Tao Y, Shu J, Chen J, Wu Y, He Y. A concise review of vaccines against Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. Res Vet Sci 2019; 123:144-152. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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18
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Garza-Moreno L, Segalés J, Pieters M, Romagosa A, Sibila M. Acclimation strategies in gilts to control Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection. Vet Microbiol 2018; 219:23-29. [PMID: 29778201 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M. hyopneumoniae) is the primary causative agent of enzootic pneumonia (EP), one of the most economically important infectious disease for the swine industry worldwide. M. hyopneumoniae transmission occurs mainly by direct contact (nose-to-nose) between infected to susceptible pigs as well as from infected dams to their offspring (sow-to-piglet). Since disease severity has been correlated with M. hyopneumoniae prevalence at weaning in some studies, and gilts are considered the main bacterial shedders, an effective gilt acclimation program should help controlling M. hyopneumoniae in swine farms. The present review summarizes the different M. hyopneumoniae monitoring strategies of incoming gilts and recipient herd and proposes a farm classification according to their health statuses. The medication and vaccination programs against M. hyopneumoniae most used in replacement gilts are reviewed as well. Gilt replacement acclimation against M. hyopneumoniae in Europe and North America indicates that vaccination is the main strategy used, but there is a current trend in US to deliberately expose gilts to the pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Garza-Moreno
- IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CRESA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Joaquim Segalés
- UAB, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CRESA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, UAB, 08193 Bellaterra Spain.
| | - Maria Pieters
- Departament of Veterinary Population Medicine and Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States.
| | - Anna Romagosa
- PIC Europe, C/ Pau Vila 22, 2º 6ª, 08174 Sant Cugat del Vallés, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Marina Sibila
- IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CRESA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
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Abstract
Vaccines have been successful in reducing the mortality and morbidity, but most of them are delivered by intramuscular or intravenous route. They are associated with pain to the baby and bring lot of anxiety for the parents. There has been a marked increase in the number of injections required in first two years of life for completing the vaccination schedule. Hence, there is a need to have a painless vaccine delivery system. Numerous new routes of vaccination like, oral, nasal and transdermal routes are being tried. Oral polio and intranasal influenza have already been a success. Other newer approaches like edible vaccines, nasal sprays, dry powder preparations, jet injectors, microneedles and nanopatches are promising in delivering painless vaccines. Many of them are under clinical trials. These vaccine delivery systems will not only be painless but also cost effective, safe and easy to administer in mass population. They may be devoid of the need of cold chain. Painless delivery system will ensure better compliance to vaccination schedule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Garg
- Department of Pediatrics, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Tegh Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, 110095, India.
| | - Anju Aggarwal
- Department of Pediatrics, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Tegh Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, 110095, India
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Maes D, Sibila M, Kuhnert P, Segalés J, Haesebrouck F, Pieters M. Update on Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infections in pigs: Knowledge gaps for improved disease control. Transbound Emerg Dis 2017; 65 Suppl 1:110-124. [PMID: 28834294 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M. hyopneumoniae) is the primary pathogen of enzootic pneumonia, a chronic respiratory disease in pigs. Infections occur worldwide and cause major economic losses to the pig industry. The present paper reviews the current knowledge on M. hyopneumoniae infections, with emphasis on identification and analysis of knowledge gaps for optimizing control of the disease. Close contact between infected and susceptible pigs is the main route of M. hyopneumoniae transmission. Management and housing conditions predisposing for infection or disease are known, but further research is needed to better understand M. hyopneumoniae transmission patterns in modern pig production systems, and to assess the importance of the breeding population for downstream disease control. The organism is primarily found on the mucosal surface of the trachea, bronchi and bronchioles. Different adhesins and lipoproteins are involved in the adherence process. However, a clear picture of the virulence and pathogenicity of M. hyopneumoniae is still missing. The role of glycerol metabolism, myoinositol metabolism and the Mycoplasma Ig binding protein-Mycoplasma Ig protease system should be further investigated for their contribution to virulence. The destruction of the mucociliary apparatus, together with modulating the immune response, enhances the susceptibility of infected pigs to secondary pathogens. Clinical signs and severity of lesions depend on different factors, such as management, environmental conditions and likely also M. hyopneumoniae strain. The potential impact of strain variability on disease severity is not well defined. Diagnostics could be improved by developing tests that may detect virulent strains, by improving sampling in live animals and by designing ELISAs allowing discrimination between infected and vaccinated pigs. The currently available vaccines are often cost-efficient, but the ongoing research on developing new vaccines that confer protective immunity and reduce transmission should be continued, as well as optimization of protocols to eliminate M. hyopneumoniae from pig herds.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Maes
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - M Sibila
- IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - P Kuhnert
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - J Segalés
- IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - F Haesebrouck
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - M Pieters
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
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Perez-Casal J, Prysliak T, Maina T, Suleman M, Jimbo S. Status of the development of a vaccine against Mycoplasma bovis. Vaccine 2017; 35:2902-2907. [PMID: 28433326 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.03.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mycoplasma bovis is an important pathogen of cattle and, despite numerous efforts an effective vaccine for control of the disease it causes remains elusive. Although we now know more about the biology of this pathogen, information is lacking about appropriate protective antigens, the type of immune response that confers protection and adjuvants selection. The use of conserved recombinant proteins, selected using in silico approaches, as components of a vaccine may be a better choice over bacterin-based vaccines due to the limited protection afforded by them and adverse reactions caused by them. More studies are needed on the characterization of host-pathogen interactions and to elucidate M. bovis products modulating these interactions. These products could be the basis for development of vaccines to control M. bovis infections in dairy farms and feedlots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Perez-Casal
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization - International Vaccine Centre - VIDO-InterVac, 120 Veterinary Rd, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E3, Canada.
| | - Tracy Prysliak
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization - International Vaccine Centre - VIDO-InterVac, 120 Veterinary Rd, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - Teresa Maina
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization - International Vaccine Centre - VIDO-InterVac, 120 Veterinary Rd, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - Muhammad Suleman
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization - International Vaccine Centre - VIDO-InterVac, 120 Veterinary Rd, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - Steve Jimbo
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization - International Vaccine Centre - VIDO-InterVac, 120 Veterinary Rd, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E3, Canada
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22
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Virginio VG, Bandeira NC, Leal FMDA, Lancellotti M, Zaha A, Ferreira HB. Assessment of the adjuvant activity of mesoporous silica nanoparticles in recombinant Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae antigen vaccines. Heliyon 2017; 3:e00225. [PMID: 28194450 PMCID: PMC5291748 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2016.e00225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The adjuvant potential of two mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), SBa-15 and SBa-16, was assessed in combination with a recombinant HSP70 surface polypeptide domain from Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, the etiological agent of porcine enzootic pneumonia (PEP). The recombinant antigen (HSP70212-600), previously shown as immunogenic in formulation with classic adjuvants, was used to immunize BALB/c mice in combination with SBa-15 or SBa-16 MSNs, and the effects obtained with these formulations were compared to those obtained with alum, the adjuvant traditionally used in anti-PEP bacterins. The HSP70212-600 + SBa-15 vaccine elicited a strong humoral immune response, with high serum total IgG levels, comparable to those obtained using HSP70212-600 + alum. The HSP70212-600 + SBa-16 vaccine elicited a moderate humoral immune response, with lower levels of total IgG. The cellular immune response was assessed by the detection of IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 in splenocyte culture supernatants. The HSP70212-600 + SBa-15 vaccine increased IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 levels, while no stimulation was detected with the HSP70212-600 + SBa-16 vaccine. The HSP70212-600 + SBa-15 vaccine induced a mixed Th1/Th2-type response, with an additional IL-10 mediated anti-inflammatory effect, both of relevance for an anti-PEP vaccine. Alum adjuvant controls stimulated an unspecific cellular immune response, with similar levels of cytokines detected in mice immunized either with HSP70212-600 + alum or with the adjuvant alone. The better humoral and cellular immune responses elicited in mice indicated that SBa-15 has adjuvant potential, and can be considered as an alternative to the use of alum in veterinary vaccines. The use of SBa-15 with HSP70212-600 is also promising as a potential anti-PEP subunit vaccine formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veridiana Gomes Virginio
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural e Funcional, Centro de Biotecnologia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Natalia Costantin Bandeira
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural e Funcional, Centro de Biotecnologia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Munhoz Dos Anjos Leal
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural e Funcional, Centro de Biotecnologia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Lancellotti
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Bioquímica, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Arnaldo Zaha
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural e Funcional, Centro de Biotecnologia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Instituto de Biociências, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Henrique Bunselmeyer Ferreira
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural e Funcional, Centro de Biotecnologia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Instituto de Biociências, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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23
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Garcia-Morante B, Segalés J, López-Soria S, de Rozas AP, Maiti H, Coll T, Sibila M. Induction of mycoplasmal pneumonia in experimentally infected pigs by means of different inoculation routes. Vet Res 2016; 47:54. [PMID: 27160189 PMCID: PMC4862235 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-016-0340-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of three different inoculation routes into mycoplasmal pneumonia (MP) in pigs challenged with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M. hyopneumoniae). Thirty six-week-old M. hyopneumoniae seronegative piglets were randomly assigned to four groups: three challenged groups with experimentally inoculated pigs by either the endotracheal (ET; n = 8), intranasal (IN; n = 8) or aerosol (AE; n = 8) routes and one uninfected group (Control; n = 6). Blood samples were collected 1 day before challenge and at necropsy, 28 days post-inoculation (dpi), to assess seroconversion. Laryngeal swabs were collected at −1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 dpi in order to evaluate colonization. At necropsy, lung lesions were scored and lung tissue was collected for histopathological studies and M. hyopneumoniae DNA detection. Broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was also obtained to detect M. hyopneumoniae DNA, specific IgA antibodies and cytokines. MP was observed in all inoculated groups, but the ET group displayed a significantly higher number of animals affected by MP as well as a higher mean lung lesion score. These results were paralleled with an earlier seroconversion and upper respiratory tract colonization of M. hyopneumoniae. Additionally, in the ET group, higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and specific IgA antibodies in BALF were found. Under the conditions of the present study, MP was reproduced by the three evaluated inoculation routes. Obtained results suggest that the ET route is the most effective in order to induce MP in pigs experimentally challenged with M. hyopneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Garcia-Morante
- IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.,Boehringer Ingelheim España S.A, Carrer Prat de la Riba, 50, 08174, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain
| | - Joaquim Segalés
- UAB, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.,Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Sergio López-Soria
- IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Ana Pérez de Rozas
- IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Henrike Maiti
- Boehringer Ingelheim Veterinary Research Center GmbH & Co, BemeroderStraße 31, 30559, Hannover, Germany
| | - Teresa Coll
- Boehringer Ingelheim Veterinary Research Center GmbH & Co, BemeroderStraße 31, 30559, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marina Sibila
- IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.
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24
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Morgan SB, Hemmink JD, Porter E, Harley R, Shelton H, Aramouni M, Everett HE, Brookes SM, Bailey M, Townsend AM, Charleston B, Tchilian E. Aerosol Delivery of a Candidate Universal Influenza Vaccine Reduces Viral Load in Pigs Challenged with Pandemic H1N1 Virus. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:5014-23. [PMID: 27183611 PMCID: PMC4891568 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1502632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Influenza A viruses are a major health threat to livestock and humans, causing considerable mortality, morbidity, and economic loss. Current inactivated influenza vaccines are strain specific and new vaccines need to be produced at frequent intervals to combat newly arising influenza virus strains, so that a universal vaccine is highly desirable. We show that pandemic H1N1 influenza virus in which the hemagglutinin signal sequence has been suppressed (S-FLU), when administered to pigs by aerosol can induce CD4 and CD8 T cell immune responses in blood, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and tracheobronchial lymph nodes. Neutralizing Ab was not produced. Detection of a BAL response correlated with a reduction in viral titer in nasal swabs and lungs, following challenge with H1N1 pandemic virus. Intratracheal immunization with a higher dose of a heterologous H5N1 S-FLU vaccine induced weaker BAL and stronger tracheobronchial lymph node responses and a lesser reduction in viral titer. We conclude that local cellular immune responses are important for protection against influenza A virus infection, that these can be most efficiently induced by aerosol immunization targeting the lower respiratory tract, and that S-FLU is a promising universal influenza vaccine candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Emily Porter
- School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS40 5DU, United Kingdom
| | - Ross Harley
- School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS40 5DU, United Kingdom
| | - Holly Shelton
- The Pirbright Institute, Surrey GU24 0NF, United Kingdom
| | - Mario Aramouni
- The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Helen E Everett
- Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Weybridge, Surrey KT15 3NB, United Kingdom; and
| | - Sharon M Brookes
- Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Weybridge, Surrey KT15 3NB, United Kingdom; and
| | - Michael Bailey
- School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS40 5DU, United Kingdom
| | - Alain M Townsend
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
| | | | - Elma Tchilian
- The Pirbright Institute, Surrey GU24 0NF, United Kingdom;
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25
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Wales AD, Davies RH. Salmonella Vaccination in Pigs: A Review. Zoonoses Public Health 2016; 64:1-13. [PMID: 26853216 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The control of Salmonella enterica in pig production is necessary for both public and animal health. The persistent and frequently asymptomatic nature of porcine Salmonella infection and the organism's abilities to colonize other animal species and to survive in the environment mean that effective control generally requires multiple measures. Vaccination is one such measure, and the present review considers its role and its future, drawing on studies in pigs from the 1950s to the present day. Once established in the body as an intracellular infectious agent, Salmonella can evade humoral immunity, which goes some way to explaining the often disappointing performance of inactivated Salmonella vaccines. More recent approaches, using mucosal presentation of antigens, live vaccines and adjuvants to enhance cell-mediated immunity, have met with more success. Vaccination strategies that involve stimulating both passive immunity from the dam plus active immunity in offspring appear to be most efficacious, although either approach alone can yield significant control of Salmonella. Problems that remain include relatively poor control of Salmonella serovars that are dissimilar to the vaccine antigen mix, and difficulties in measuring and predicting the performance of candidate vaccines in ways that are highly relevant to their likely use in commercial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Wales
- Department of Bacteriology and Food Safety, Animal and Plant Health Agency Weybridge, Addlestone, Surrey, UK
| | - R H Davies
- Department of Bacteriology and Food Safety, Animal and Plant Health Agency Weybridge, Addlestone, Surrey, UK
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Virginio VG, Gonchoroski T, Paes JA, Schuck DC, Zaha A, Ferreira HB. Immune responses elicited by Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae recombinant antigens and DNA constructs with potential for use in vaccination against porcine enzootic pneumonia. Vaccine 2014; 32:5832-8. [PMID: 25148775 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the etiological agent of porcine enzootic pneumonia (PEP) and causes major economic losses to the pig industry worldwide. Commercially available vaccines provide only partial protection and are relatively expensive. In this study, we assessed the humoral and cellular immune responses to three recombinant antigens of M. hyopneumoniae. Immune responses to selected domains of the P46, HSP70 and MnuA antigens (P46102-253, HSP70212-601 and MnuA182-378), delivered as recombinant subunit or DNA vaccines, were evaluated in BALB/c mice. All purified recombinant antigens and two DNA vaccines, pcDNA3.1(+)/HSP70212-601 and pcDNA3.1(+)/MnuA182-378, elicited a strong humoral immune response, indicated by high IgG levels in the serum. The cellular immune response was assessed by detection of IFN-γ, IL-10 and IL-4 in splenocyte culture supernatants. The recombinant subunit and DNA vaccines induced Th1-polarized immune responses, as evidenced by increased levels of IFN-γ. All recombinant subunit vaccines and the pcDNA3.1(+)/MnuA182-378 vaccine also induced the secretion of IL-10, a Th2-type cytokine, in large quantities. The mixed Th1/Th2-type response may elicit an effective immune response against M. hyopneumoniae, suggesting that P46102-253, HSP70212-601 and MnuA182-378 are potential novel and promising targets for the development of vaccines against PEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veridiana Gomes Virginio
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural e Funcional, Centro de Biotecnologia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Taylor Gonchoroski
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural e Funcional, Centro de Biotecnologia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Andrade Paes
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural e Funcional, Centro de Biotecnologia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Desirée Cigaran Schuck
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural e Funcional, Centro de Biotecnologia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Arnaldo Zaha
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural e Funcional, Centro de Biotecnologia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Instituto de Biociências, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Henrique Bunselmeyer Ferreira
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural e Funcional, Centro de Biotecnologia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Instituto de Biociências, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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27
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Vaccines and Vaccination Practices: Key to Sustainable Animal Production. ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SYSTEMS 2014. [PMCID: PMC7152402 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-52512-3.00189-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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