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Gu X, Ma X, Wu Q, Tao Q, Chai Y, Zhou X, Han M, Li J, Huang X, Wu T, Zhang X, Zhong F, Cao Y, Zhang L. Isolation, identification, molecular typing, and drug resistance of Escherichia coli from infected cattle and sheep in Xinjiang, China. Vet Med Sci 2023; 9:1359-1368. [PMID: 36977209 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Escherichia coli infections are common in Xinjiang, a major region of cattle and sheep breeding in China. Therefore, strategies are required to control E. coli. The aim of this study was to investigate the phylogenetic groups, virulence genes, and antibiotic resistance characteristics of E. coli isolates. METHODS In this study, 116 tissue samples were collected from the organs of cattle and sheep that were suspected of having E. coli infections between 2015 and 2019. Bacteria in the samples were identified using a biochemical identification system and amplification of 16S rRNA, and the phylogenetic groupings of E. coli isolates were determined by multiplex polymerase chain reactions. In addition, PCR detection and analysis of virulence factors, antibiotic resistance genes, and drug-resistant phenotypes of E. coli isolates were performed. RESULTS A total of 116 pathogenic E. coli strains belonging to seven phylogenetic groups were isolated, with the majority of isolates in groups A and B1. Among the virulence genes, curli-encoding crl had the highest detection rate of 97.4%, followed by hemolysin-encoding hlyE with the detection rate of 94.82%. Antimicrobial susceptibility test results indicated that the isolates had the highest rates of resistance against streptomycin (81.9%). CONCLUSION These characteristics complicate the prevention and treatment of E. coli-related diseases in Xinjiang.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Gu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Xue Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Qin Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Qiaoxiaoci Tao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Yingjin Chai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Xia Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Mengli Han
- State Key Laboratory for Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi, China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Xin Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi, China
| | - Tongzhong Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi, China
| | - Xingxing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi, China
| | - Fagang Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi, China
| | - Yiheng Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
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Han Y, Liu M, Han Y, Shi N, Wang Q, Cui T, Yang L, Zhang X, Zhu L, Qian H, Jin H, Dong C. Genetic and phylogenetic characterization of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli and enteropathogenic E. coli from livestock in Jiangsu by using whole-genome sequencing. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 132:3925-3936. [PMID: 35174586 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS There are knowledge gaps regarding STEC and EPEC strains in livestock in Jiangsu, China. This study aimed to evaluate the potential public health significance of STEC and EPEC strains isolated from livestock by determining the serotypes, virulence profiles, and genetic relationship with international STEC strains. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 68 STEC and 37 EPEC strains were obtained from 231 fecal sheep samples and 70 fecal cattle samples. By using whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analysis, all STEC belonged to 15 O:H serotypes and the most prevalent serotypes were O6:H10 (19.1%), O155:H21 (14.7%), and O21:H25 (10.3%). The main Shiga toxin gene subtypes detected were stx1c (41.2%), stx1a (26.5%), stx2b (14.7%) and stx2k (14.7%). Only the STEC from cattle carried eae gene. Other adherence-associated or toxin-related genes, including lpfA (70.6%), iha (48.5%), subA (54.4%), and ehxA (33.8%), were found in STEC. All EPEC strains were bfpA-negative, and the predominant eae variants were eae-β1 (62.2%), eae-ζ (21.6%), and eae-θ (8.1%). The core-genome multi-locus sequence typing (cgMLST) analysis revealed nine scattered clusters in STEC and one dominant cluster in EPEC. The strains with the same serotypes, including O22:H8 and O43:H2 in the two towns, possessed a closely genomic distance. The core genome single nucleotide polymorphism (cgSNP) showed that part of STEC strains in this study were clustered with isolates possessing the same serotypes from the Netherlands, Sweden, and Xinjiang of China. Five serotypes of STEC isolates were associated with the clinical STEC strains from databases. CONCLUSION This study provided the diverse serotypes and the virulence genes profiles in STEC and EPEC strains. Local strains possessed widely diverse and scattered clusters by cgMLST. Closely genomic correlation with clinical isolates displayed that part of the STEC strains may threaten to public health. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Non-O157 STEC strains act as important pathogens for human infections. This study supports the increased surveillance work of non-O157 STEC rather than just O157 STEC in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Han
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education School of Public Health Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics School of Public Health Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Minqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education School of Public Health Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics School of Public Health Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Han
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education School of Public Health Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics School of Public Health Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Naiyang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education School of Public Health Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics School of Public Health Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education School of Public Health Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics School of Public Health Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tingting Cui
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education School of Public Health Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics School of Public Health Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liuqing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education School of Public Health Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics School of Public Health Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuefeng Zhang
- Department of Acute Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Liguo Zhu
- Department of Acute Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Huimin Qian
- Department of Acute Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Jin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education School of Public Health Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics School of Public Health Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Dong
- Department of Acute Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
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Prevalence and Whole-Genome Sequence-Based Analysis of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Isolates from the Recto-Anal Junction of Slaughter-Age Irish Sheep. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:e0138421. [PMID: 34644161 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01384-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) organisms are a diverse group of pathogenic bacteria capable of causing serious human illness, and serogroups O157 and O26 are frequently implicated in human disease. Ruminant hosts are the primary STEC reservoir, and small ruminants are important contributors to STEC transmission. This study investigated the prevalence, serotypes, and shedding dynamics of STEC, including the supershedding of serogroups O157 and O26, in Irish sheep. Recto-anal mucosal swab samples (n = 840) were collected over 24 months from two ovine slaughtering facilities. Samples were plated on selective agars and were quantitatively and qualitatively assessed via real-time PCR (RT-PCR) for Shiga toxin prevalence and serogroup. A subset of STEC isolates (n = 199) were selected for whole-genome sequencing and analyzed in silico. In total, 704/840 (83.8%) swab samples were Shiga toxin positive following RT-PCR screening, and 363/704 (51.6%) animals were subsequently culture positive for STEC. Five animals were shedding STEC O157, and three of these were identified as supershedders. No STEC O26 was isolated. Post hoc statistical analysis showed that younger animals are more likely to harbor STEC and that STEC carriage is most prevalent during the summer months. Following sequencing, 178/199 genomes were confirmed as STEC. Thirty-five different serotypes were identified, 15 of which were not yet reported for sheep. Serotype O91:H14 was the most frequently reported. Eight Shiga toxin gene variants were reported, two stx1 and six stx2, and three novel Shiga-toxin subunit combinations were observed. Variant stx1c was the most prevalent, while many strains also harbored stx2b. IMPORTANCE Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) bacteria are foodborne, zoonotic pathogens of significant public health concern. All STEC organisms harbor stx, a critical virulence determinant, but it is not expressed in most serotypes. Sheep shed the pathogen via fecal excretion and are increasingly recognized as important contributors to the dissemination of STEC. In this study, we have found that there is high prevalence of STEC circulating within sheep and that prevalence is related to animal age and seasonality. Further, sheep harbor a variety of non-O157 STEC, whose prevalence and contribution to human disease have been underinvestigated for many years. A variety of Stx variants were also observed, some of which are of high clinical importance.
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Martins FH, Guth BEC, Piazza RMF, Elias WP, Leão SC, Marzoa J, Dahbi G, Mora A, Blanco M, Blanco J, Pelayo JS. Lambs are an important source of atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli in southern Brazil. Vet Microbiol 2016; 196:72-77. [PMID: 27939159 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2016.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Food-producing animals can harbor Escherichia coli strains with potential to cause diseases in humans. In this study, the presence of enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) was investigated in fecal samples from 130 healthy sheep (92 lambs and 38 adults) raised for meat in southern Brazil. EPEC was detected in 19.2% of the sheep examined, but only lambs were found to be positive. A total of 25 isolates was characterized and designated atypical EPEC (aEPEC) as tested negative for bfpA gene and BFP production. The presence of virulence markers linked to human disease as ehxA, paa, and lpfAO113 was observed in 60%, 24%, and 88% of the isolates, respectively. Of the 11 serotypes identified, eight were described among human pathogenic strains, while three (O1:H8, O11:H21 and O125:H19) were not previously detected in aEPEC. Associations between intimin subtypes and phylogroups were observed, including eae-θ2/A, eae-β1/B1, eae-α2/B2 and eae-γ1/D. Although PFGE typing of 16 aEPEC isolates resulted in 14 unique pulsetypes suggesting a genetic diversity, specific clones were found to be distributed in some flocks. In conclusion, potentially pathogenic aEPEC strains are present in sheep raised for meat, particularly in lambs, which can better contribute to dissemination of these bacteria than adult animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando H Martins
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Beatriz E C Guth
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Roxane M F Piazza
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Waldir P Elias
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sylvia C Leão
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Juan Marzoa
- Laboratorio de Referencia de E. coli, Departamento de Microbioloxía e Parasitoloxía, Facultade de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Ghizlane Dahbi
- Laboratorio de Referencia de E. coli, Departamento de Microbioloxía e Parasitoloxía, Facultade de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Azucena Mora
- Laboratorio de Referencia de E. coli, Departamento de Microbioloxía e Parasitoloxía, Facultade de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Miguel Blanco
- Laboratorio de Referencia de E. coli, Departamento de Microbioloxía e Parasitoloxía, Facultade de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Jorge Blanco
- Laboratorio de Referencia de E. coli, Departamento de Microbioloxía e Parasitoloxía, Facultade de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Jacinta S Pelayo
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
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5
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Piras F, Fois F, Casti D, Mazza R, Consolati S, Mazzette R. Shelf Life of Sliced Dry-Cured Ham Packaged Under Vacuum. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.12706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Piras
- Settore di Ispezione degli Alimenti di Origine Animale, Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli studi di Sassari; via Vienna 2 Italy
| | - F. Fois
- Settore di Ispezione degli Alimenti di Origine Animale, Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli studi di Sassari; via Vienna 2 Italy
| | - D. Casti
- Settore di Ispezione degli Alimenti di Origine Animale, Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli studi di Sassari; via Vienna 2 Italy
| | - R. Mazza
- Settore di Ispezione degli Alimenti di Origine Animale, Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli studi di Sassari; via Vienna 2 Italy
| | - S.G. Consolati
- Settore di Ispezione degli Alimenti di Origine Animale, Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli studi di Sassari; via Vienna 2 Italy
| | - R. Mazzette
- Settore di Ispezione degli Alimenti di Origine Animale, Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli studi di Sassari; via Vienna 2 Italy
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