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Chen B, Yang Y, Wang Z, Dai X, Cao Y, Zhang M, Zhang D, Ni X, Zeng Y, Pan K. Surface Display of Duck Hepatitis A Virus Type 1 VP1 Protein on Bacillus subtilis Spores Elicits Specific Systemic and Mucosal Immune Responses on Mice. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10323-2. [PMID: 39002060 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10323-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Duck viral hepatitis, primarily caused by duck hepatitis A virus type 1 (DHAV-1), poses a significant threat to the global duck industry. Bacillus subtilis is commonly utilized as a safe probiotic in the development of mucosal vaccines. In this study, a recombinant strain of B. subtilis, designated as B. subtilis RV, was constructed to display the DHAV-1 capsid protein VP1 on its spore surface using the outer coat protein B as an anchoring agent. The immunogenicity of this recombinant strain was evaluated in a mouse model through mixed feeding immunization. The results indicated that B. subtilis RV could elicit specific systemic and mucosal immune responses in mice, as evidenced by the high levels of serum IgG, intestinal secretory IgA, and potent virus-neutralizing antibodies produced. Furthermore, the recombinant strain significantly upregulated the expression levels of IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and IFN-γ in the intestinal mucosa. Thus, the recombinant strain maintained the balance of the Th1/Th2 immune response and demonstrated an excellent mucosal immune adjuvant function. In summary, this study suggests that B. subtilis RV can be a novel alternative for effectively controlling DHAV-1 infection as a vaccine-based feed additive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yang Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhenhua Wang
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Chengdu Agricultural College, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xixi Dai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Chongqing Three Gorges Vocational College, Chongqing, 404155, China
| | - Yuheng Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Mengwei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xueqin Ni
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| | - Kangcheng Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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Yan H, Xu G, Bei L, Jiang S, Zhang R. Duck hepatitis A virus type 1 infection induces hepatic metabolite and gut microbiota changes in ducklings. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103265. [PMID: 38042039 PMCID: PMC10711513 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Duck hepatitis A virus type 1 (DHAV-1) can cause severe liver damage in infected ducklings and is a fatal and contagious pathogen that endangers the Chinese duck industry. The objective of this study was to explore the correlation mechanism of liver metabolism-gut microbiota in DHAV-1 infection. Briefly, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and 16S rDNA sequencing combined with multivariate statistical analysis were used to evaluate the effects of DHAV-1 infection on liver metabolism, gut microbiota regulation, and other potential mechanisms in ducklings. In DHAV-1-infected ducklings at 72 h postinfection, changes were found in metabolites associated with key metabolic pathways such as lipid metabolism, sugar metabolism, and nucleotide metabolism, which participated in signaling networks and ultimately affecting the function of the liver. The abundance and composition of gut microbiota were also changed, and gut microbiota is significantly involved in lipid metabolism in the liver. The evident correlation between gut microbiota and liver metabolites indicates that DHAV-host gut microbiome interactions play important roles in the development of duck viral hepatitis (DVH).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yan
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Guige Xu
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Lei Bei
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Shijin Jiang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Ruihua Zhang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an 271018, China.
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3
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Yang C, Shah PT, Bahoussi AN, Wu C, Wang L, Xing L. Duck hepatitis a virus: Full-length genome-based phylogenetic and phylogeographic view during 1986-2020. Virus Res 2023; 336:199216. [PMID: 37657508 PMCID: PMC10507229 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2023.199216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Duck hepatitis A virus (DHAV) is one of key pathogens for duck viral hepatitis, especially in Asian duck industry. Currently, two main genotypes (DHAV-1 and -3) exist. To explore insightfully the evolutionary character, we assessed the available 141 full-length genome sequences of DHAV isolated in 1986-2020 globally and divided DHAV-1 and DHAV-3 into further seven (DHAV-1 a-g) and five (DHAV-3 a-e) sub-clades, respectively. Phylogenetic and phylogeographic network analyses indicated great genetic diversity of DHAV identified in China, where the DHAV-1 cluster and DHAV-3 cluster were linked by virus strain HDHV1-BJ (GenBank ID: FJ157172.1) and Du_CH_LSD_090612 (GenBank ID: JF828995.1) via a long mutational branch and intermediate strains. Several strains previously identified as DHAV-1 according to the partial gene sequences were actually clustered within DHAV-3 in full-length genome-based analysis. Furthermore, we identified 32 recombination events across virus genome with the recombination hotspot at the 5' end and upstream of the capsid coding region. The highest variability of DHAV polyprotein was shown at the upstream region of the N terminus P-loop region, e.g., amino acids 672-716, followed by the aa 334-359 in the Capsid encoding region. The results presented here provides a robust insight into the genetic exchange patterns of DHAV genomes during the past decades, which may be used to map the evolutionary history and facilitate preventive measures of DHAVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiting Yang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Pir Tariq Shah
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Amina Nawal Bahoussi
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, 63 Nanzhonghuan East Street, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Changxin Wu
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Li Wang
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, 63 Nanzhonghuan East Street, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Li Xing
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China; Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Major Infectious Diseases, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan 030006, China; The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
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4
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Zhang Y, Wu S, Liu W, Hu Z. Current status and future direction of duck hepatitis A virus vaccines. Avian Pathol 2023; 52:89-99. [PMID: 36571394 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2022.2162367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Duck viral hepatitis (DVH), mainly caused by duck hepatitis A virus (DHAV), is a highly fatal and rapidly spreading infectious disease of young ducklings that seriously jeopardizes the duck industry worldwide. DHAV type 1 (DHAV-1) is the main genotype responsible for disease outbreaks since 1945, and the disease situation is complicated by the emergence and dissemination of a novel genotype (DHAV-3) in some countries in Asia and Africa. Live attenuated DHAV vaccines are widely used to induce a considerable degree of protection in ducklings. Breeder ducks are immunized with inactivated or/and live DHAV vaccines to achieve satisfactory levels of passive immunity in progeny. In addition, novel characteristics of virus transmission, pathogenicity and pathogenesis of DHAV were recently characterized, necessitating the development of new vaccines and effective vaccination programmes against DVH. Therefore, a systematic dissection of the profiles, strengths and shortcomings of the available DHAV vaccines is essential. Moreover, to further increase the efficiency of vaccine production and administration, the development of next-generation DHAV vaccines using cutting-edge technologies is also required. In this review, based on a comprehensive summary of the research advances in the epidemiology, pathogenicity, and genomic features of DHAV, we focus on reviewing and analysing the features of the commercial and experimental DHAV vaccines. We also propose perspectives for disease control based on the specific disease situations in different countries. This review provides essential information for vaccine development and disease control of DVH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High-Tech Research and Development of Veterinary Biopharmaceuticals, Taizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zenglei Hu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
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5
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Sui N, Zhang R, Jiang Y, Yu H, Xu G, Wang J, Zhu Y, Xie Z, Hu J, Jiang S. Nonstructural protein 2A2 from Duck hepatitis A virus type 1 inhibits interferon beta production by interaction with mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein and TANK-binding kinase 1. Vet Microbiol 2023; 280:109679. [PMID: 36822034 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Type I interferon (IFN-I) is essential for the regulation of host-virus interactions, and viruses have evolved strategies to escape the host immune response. Duck hepatitis A virus type 1 (DHAV-1) causes severe liver necrosis and hemorrhage, neurological symptoms, and high mortality in ducklings. However, how DHAV-1 interacts with the duck innate immune system remains unclear. In this study, DHAV-1-encoded proteins were cloned, and DHAV-1 2A2 was shown to strongly suppress IFN-β-luciferase activity, triggered by Sendai virus and polyriboinosinic polyribocytidylic acid [poly(I:C)], along with the transcription of IFN-β and downstream antiviral genes, including OASL, PKR, and TNF-a. In addition, 2A2 interacts with the central adaptor proteins mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS) and TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) by its N-terminal 1-100 amino acids (aa), thus leading to the inhibition of IFN-β production. Importantly, the deletion of the N-terminal 1-100 aa region of 2A2 abolished inhibition of IFN-I production. Moreover, the transmembrane domain of the MAVS protein and the ubiquitin domain of TBK1 were demonstrated to be required for interaction with DHAV-1 2A2. These findings revealed a novel strategy by which DHAV-1 hijacks cellular immunosurveillance and provided new insights into controlling the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Sui
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271018, China
| | - Ruihua Zhang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271018, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271018, China
| | - Honglei Yu
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271018, China
| | - Guige Xu
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271018, China
| | - Jingyu Wang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271018, China
| | - Yanli Zhu
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271018, China
| | - Zhijing Xie
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271018, China
| | - Jiaqing Hu
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271018, China; Shandong GreenBlue Biotechnology Co. Ltd. Economic development zone, Tai'an 271400, China.
| | - Shijin Jiang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271018, China.
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6
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Xu G, Yan H, Zhu Y, Xie Z, Zhang R, Jiang S. Duck hepatitis A virus type 1 transmission by exosomes establishes a productive infection in vivo and in vitro. Vet Microbiol 2023; 277:109621. [PMID: 36525908 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2022.109621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Duck hepatitis A virus type 1 (DHAV-1) infection causes an acute and highly fatal disease in young ducklings. Exosomes are nano-sized small extracellular vesicles secreted by various cells, which participate in intercellular communication and play a key role in the physiological and pathological processes. However, the role of exosomes in DHAV-1 transmission remains unknown. In this study, through RT-PCR, WB analysis and TEM observation, the complete DHAV-1 genomic RNA, partial viral proteins, and virions were respectively identified in the exosomes derived from DHAV-1-infected duck embryo fibroblasts (DEFs). The productive DHAV-1 infection was transmitted by exosomes in DEFs, duck embryos, and ducklings, and high titers of neutralizing antibodies completely blocked DHAV-1 infection but did not significantly neutralize exosome-mediated DHAV-1 infection. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that exosome-mediated DHAV-1 infection was resistant to antibody neutralization in vivo and in vitro, which might be an immune evasion mechanism of DHAV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guige Xu
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 201718, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271018, China
| | - Hui Yan
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 201718, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271018, China
| | - Yanli Zhu
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 201718, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271018, China
| | - Zhijing Xie
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 201718, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271018, China
| | - Ruihua Zhang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 201718, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Shijin Jiang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 201718, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271018, China.
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7
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Tsoi MF, Fulton RM. West Nile Virus–Induced Drop in Egg Production in Commercial Pekin Duck Breeders. Avian Dis 2023; 67:114-118. [PMID: 37140120 DOI: 10.1637/aviandiseases-d-22-00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A sudden drop in egg production in commercial poultry flocks can be economically devastating, and rapid identification of the cause often requires a combined effort between the producer, veterinarian, and pathologist. In September 2019, a 35-wk-old commercial Pekin breeder duck flock in Indiana suffered a drop in egg production from 1700 to 1000 eggs daily (41.2% drop). Again, in September 2021, three Pekin breeder duck flocks aged 32, 58, and 62 wk from the same company suffered a similar drop in egg production, with a mild increase in weekly mortality of 1.0% to 2.5%. In 2019 and in 2021, birds from affected flocks were submitted to the Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory at Michigan State University for postmortem examination. Common gross examination findings included flaccid, shrunken, or atrophied ova (all hens), pododermatitis, airsacculitis, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, ascites, and pallor of the left ventricle. Histopathologic examination of cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem revealed mild lymphocytic perivascular cuffing, vasculitis, and gliosis, suggesting viral encephalitis. In the heart, there was mild multifocal cardiomyocyte necrosis, mineralization, and infiltration by lymphocytes and macrophages. PCR for Newcastle disease virus, avian influenza virus, eastern equine encephalitis virus, and West Nile virus (WNV) was performed. Brain and heart samples were positive for WNV by PCR, and WNV antigen was detected in the cerebellum by immunohistochemistry. This is the first report to associate WNV infection with a drop in egg production in waterfowl, which are known to be important reservoir species for WNV and, as such, are generally asymptomatic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayra F. Tsoi
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI 48910
| | - Richard M. Fulton
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI 48910
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8
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Chen H, Li M, Liu S, Kong J, Li D, Feng J, Xie Z. Whole-genome sequence and pathogenicity of a fowl adenovirus 5 isolated from ducks with egg drop syndrome in China. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:961793. [PMID: 36032289 PMCID: PMC9412081 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.961793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, fowl adenovirus (FAdV) infection has become widespread in poultry in China and may be asymptomatic or associated with clinical and other pathological conditions. In 2017, a severe egg drop syndrome outbreak in breeder ducks (45 weeks old) occurred in eastern Shandong province in China. The egg production rate declined from 93 to 41%, finally increasing to ~80% (did not reach complete recovery). The presence of the virus was confirmed by FAdV-5 specific PCR assay, and it was designated strain WHRS. Furthermore, next-generation and Sanger sequencing of genomic fragments yielded a 45,734 bp genome. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the genomic sequence of the WHRS strain was most homologous-(99.95%) to that of the FAdV-5 17/25,702 and 14/24,408 strain, sharing 32.1~53.4% similarity with other FAdV strains in the genus Aviadenovirus. Infected duck embryos died within 3–5 dpi, but no deaths occurred in the infected ducks. Strain WHRS could cause egg drop syndrome in ducks, accompanied by clinical signs similar to those of natural infections. Overall, strain WHRS is lethal to duck embryos and causes egg drop syndrome in breeder ducks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, China
- College of Life Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
- Hao Chen
| | - Meng Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Siyu Liu
- College of Life Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
| | - Juan Kong
- College of Life Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
| | - Dan Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Jiaxun Feng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhixun Xie
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, China
- *Correspondence: Zhixun Xie
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9
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Protection of Ducklings from Duck Hepatitis A Virus Infection with ELPylated Duck Interferon-α. Viruses 2022; 14:v14030633. [PMID: 35337040 PMCID: PMC8949671 DOI: 10.3390/v14030633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Duck viral hepatitis type I (DVH I) is a lethal disease in ducklings caused by duck hepatitis A virus (DHAV). Although the commercial vaccine is available for vaccination of one-day-old ducklings or breeder ducks, the disease is still prevalent due to the delayed immune response in ducklings and variable maternal antibody levels in breeder duck flocks. To explore the feasibility of duck interferon-α (DuIFN-α) for control of DVH I, DuIFN-α was expressed as an elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) fusion protein (ELP-DuIFN-α) in E. coli and purified by inverse phase transition cycling (ITC). After detection of its cytotoxicity, bioactivity, plasma stability and serum half-life, the protective efficacy of ELP-DuIFN-α against DHAV-1 infection of embryos or ducklings was evaluated using different treatment routes at different infection times. The results show that ELP-DuIFN-α was correctly expressed and purified to more than 90% purity after two cycles of ITC. The purified fusion protein had a specific anti-DHAV-1 activity of 6.0 × 104 IU/mg protein, significantly extended plasma stability and serum half-life without overt cytotoxicity. After allantoic injection with ELP-DuIFN-α pre-infection, co-infection or post-infection with DHAV-1, 5/5, 5/5 or 4/5 embryos survived from the virus challenge. After intramuscular injection or oral administration with ELP-DuIFN-α, 3/5 or 4/5 ducklings survived from co-infection with DHAV-1. After oral administration with ELP-DuIFN-α pre-infection, co-infection or post-infection with DHAV-1, 3/5, 4/5 or 4/5 ducklings survived from the virus challenge, and the relative transcription levels of interferon-stimulated genes were significantly higher than the normal control group and virus challenge control group (p < 0.01). These experimental data suggest that ELP-DuIFN-α can be used as a long-lasting anti-DHAV-1 reagent.
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10
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Sui N, Zhang R, Jiang Y, Yu H, Xu G, Wang J, Zhu Y, Xie Z, Hu J, Jiang S. Integrated miRNA and mRNA Expression Profiles Reveal Differentially Expressed miR-222a as an Antiviral Factor Against Duck Hepatitis A Virus Type 1 Infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 11:811556. [PMID: 35047423 PMCID: PMC8761743 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.811556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Duck hepatitis A virus 1 (DHAV-1) is a highly contagious etiological agent that causes acute hepatitis in young ducklings. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important regulatory roles in response to pathogens. However, the interplay between DHAV-1 infection and miRNAs remains ambiguous. We characterized and compared miRNA and mRNA expression profiles in duck embryo fibroblasts cells (DEFs) infected with DHAV-1. In total, 36 and 96 differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs, and 4110 and 2595 DE mRNAs, were identified at 12 and 24 h after infection. In particular, 126 and 275 miRNA-mRNA pairs with a negative correlation were chosen to construct an interaction network. Subsequently, we identified the functional annotation of DE mRNAs and target genes of DE miRNAs enriched in diverse Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways, which may be important for virus resistance, cell proliferation, and metabolism. Moreover, upregulated miR-222a could negatively regulate DHAV-1 replication in DEFs and downregulate integrin subunit beta 3 (ITGB3) expression by targeting the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR), indicating that miR-222a may modulate DHAV-1 replication via interaction with ITGB3. In conclusion, the results reveal changes of mRNAs and miRNAs during DHAV-1 infection and suggest miR-222a as an antiviral factor against DHAV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Sui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, China
| | - Ruihua Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, China
| | - Honglei Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, China
| | - Guige Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, China
| | - Jingyu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, China
| | - Yanli Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, China
| | - Zhijing Xie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, China
| | - Jiaqing Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, China.,Shandong GreenBlue Biotechnology Co. Ltd. Economic Development Zone, Ningyang County, Taian, China
| | - Shijin Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, China
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11
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Yan H, Xu G, Zhu Y, Xie Z, Zhang R, Jiang S. Isolation and characterization of a naturally attenuated novel duck reovirus strain as a live vaccine candidate. Vet Microbiol 2021; 261:109214. [PMID: 34461358 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Novel duck reovirus (NDRV) causes high morbidity in ducklings, and recovered ducklings are often remarkably stunted in growth. In this study, four NDRV strains were isolated from the NDRV outbreaks that occurred in different regions of Shandong province, China. The biological characteristics and pathogenicity of the four NDRV strains were elucidated, and the N20 was identified as a naturally attenuated strain. Three-day-old ducklings were immunized with live N20 strain (100 ELD50/duck), and challenged with 104.52 ELD50 of virulent N19 strain at 7 days post immunization. The vaccinated ducklings showed no evidence of clinical signs, gross and histopathological lesions, or loss of body weight, and 100 % protection against the virulent NDRV N19 infection. The NDRV-specific antibodies were generated in the immunized ducklings and could neutralize different NDRV strains. These results indicated that the N20 strain was a promising live attenuated vaccine candidate against highly pathogenic NDRV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yan
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Guige Xu
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Yanli Zhu
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Zhijing Xie
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Ruihua Zhang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Shijin Jiang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, 271018, China.
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12
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Yang Y, Li L, Liu X, Jiang M, Zhao J, Li X, Zhao C, Yi H, Liu S, Li N. Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Duck Embryo Fibroblasts Infected With Novel Duck Reovirus. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:577370. [PMID: 33344524 PMCID: PMC7738351 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.577370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The novel duck reovirus (NDRV) can cause hemorrhage and necrosis on the spleen of Pekin ducks; this disease has resulted in great economic losses to the duck industry. However, the molecular pathogenesis of NDRV remains poorly understood. In the current study, the quantitative proteomic analysis of NDRV-infected duck embryo fibroblasts was performed to explore the cellular protein changes in response to viral infection through iTRAQ coupled with the liquid chromatography (LC)-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) method. A total of 6,137 proteins were obtained in cell samples at 24 h post-infection. Of these, 179 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified (cutoff set to 1.5-fold change), including 89 upregulated and 90 downregulated proteins. Bioinformatics analysis showed that DEPs can be divided into the cellular component, molecular function, and biological process; they were mainly involved in signal transduction, infectious diseases, cell growth and death, and the immune system. The subcellular localization of most proteins was in the cytoplasm. Importantly, the expressions of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) and various interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) were upregulated after NDRV infection. The mRNA transcripts of some ISGs were consistent with proteomic data, showing an increased trend. Results of our study suggested that NDRV infection can elicit strong expression changes of cellular proteins and activate the expression of ISGs from the point of quantitative proteomic analysis. The study provides a new insight into the understanding of NDRV pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudong Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Lin Li
- Taian City Central Hospital, Taian, China
| | - Xingpo Liu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Jun Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Xuesong Li
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Cui Zhao
- Taian City Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Service Center, Taian, China
| | - Hui Yi
- Taian City Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Service Center, Taian, China
| | - Sidang Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Ning Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
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13
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Hassan MSH, Abdul-Careem MF. Avian Viruses that Impact Table Egg Production. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E1747. [PMID: 32993040 PMCID: PMC7601732 DOI: 10.3390/ani10101747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Eggs are a common source of protein and other nutrient components for people worldwide. Commercial egg-laying birds encounter several challenges during the long production cycle. An efficient egg production process requires a healthy bird with a competent reproductive system. Several viral pathogens that can impact the bird's health or induce reversible or irreversible lesions in the female reproductive organs adversely interfere with the egg industry. The negative effects exerted by viral diseases create a temporary or permanent decrease in egg production, in addition to the production of low-quality eggs. Several factors including, but not limited to, the age of the bird, and the infecting viral strain and part of reproductive system involved contribute to the form of reproductive disease encountered. Advanced methodologies have successfully elucidated some of the virus-host interactions relevant to the hen's reproductive performance, however, this branch needs further research. This review discusses the major avian viral infections that have been reported to adversely affect egg productivity and quality and aims to summarize the current understanding of the mechanisms that underlie the observed negative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S. H. Hassan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Health Research Innovation Center 2C53, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada;
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Faizal Abdul-Careem
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Health Research Innovation Center 2C53, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada;
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14
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Niu Y, Liu B, Sun C, Zhao L, Chen H. Construction of the recombinant duck enteritis virus delivering capsid protein VP0 of the duck hepatitis A virus. Vet Microbiol 2020; 249:108837. [PMID: 32947184 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Duck hepatitis A virus type 1 (DHAV-1) disease causes significant economic losses to the duck industry. Duck enteritis virus (DEV) is frequently used as a viral vector for aquatic poultry vaccination, but no recombinan DEV expressing DHAV-1 VP0 has been developed. In this study, we established a system for rescuing the DEV C-KCE vaccine strain by transfecting cells with six fosmid DNAs. We generated a recombinant virus (rDEV-ul41VP0) by inserting the VP0 gene of DHAV-1 into the ul41 region in the DEV C-KCE genome. DHAV-1 VP0 was stably expressed in the rDEV-ul41VP0 infected cells, but did not affect the replication properties of DEV C-KCE in cells. Duck experiments showed that rDEV-ul41VP0 could provided full protection against the lethal DEV Chinese standard challenge (DEV CSC) and conferred 70% protection against DHAV-1 161/79 at 3 days postvaccination. These results indicate that rDEV-ul41VP0 rapidly induces protection against DEV CSC and DHAV-1 in ducks, and can be served as a bivalent vaccine against DEV and DHAV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinjie Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, The Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, 678 Haping Road, Harbin 150069, PR China
| | - Baihan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, The Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, 678 Haping Road, Harbin 150069, PR China
| | - Chang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, The Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, 678 Haping Road, Harbin 150069, PR China
| | - Lili Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, The Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, 678 Haping Road, Harbin 150069, PR China.
| | - Hongyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, The Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, 678 Haping Road, Harbin 150069, PR China.
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15
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Liu F, Zhang R, Yang Y, Li H, Wang J, Lan J, Li P, Zhu Y, Xie Z, Jiang S. Occurrence and Molecular Characteristics of Mcr-1-Positive Escherichia coli from Healthy Meat Ducks in Shandong Province of China. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10081299. [PMID: 32751361 PMCID: PMC7459970 DOI: 10.3390/ani10081299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Colistin has been used as a growth promotant in livestock feed for many years. To date, there are few reports about the prevalence and molecular characteristics of fecal Escherichia coli bearing mcr-1 in the meat ducks. In this study, among 120 fecal Escherichia coli strains isolated from healthy meat ducks, a total of nine mcr-1-containing E. coli strains were identified and two were identified as extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli. The 9 mcr-1-bearing E. coli isolates were clonally unrelated, carried two different genetic contexts of mcr-1, and the colistin-resistant phenotype of them was successfully transferred to the recipient strains. These results highlight that healthy meat duck is a potential reservoir for multidrug resistant mcr-1-containing E. coli strains. Abstract Colistin has been used as a growth promotant in livestock feed for many years. In China, mcr-1-positive Escherichia coli strains have been isolated from humans, chickens, and pigs. To date, there are few reports about the prevalence and molecular characteristics of fecal E. coli bearing mcr-1 in the meat ducks. In this study, the prevalence of mcr-1 gene was investigated among 120 fecal E. coli strains isolated from healthy meat ducks in Shandong province of China between October 2017 and February 2018. A total of nine mcr-1-containing E. coli strains were identified and two were identified as extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) among them. The clonal relationship of the nine E. coli strains was determined by multilocus sequencing typing (MLST) and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and the results indicated that all mcr-1-carrying isolates were clonally unrelated. Two different genetic contexts of mcr-1 were identified among these isolates. Colistin-resistant phenotype of all the isolates was successfully transferred to the recipient strains by conjugation experiments and seven transconjugants carried a single plasmid. The mcr-1 was located on three replicon plasmids: IncI2 (n = 4), IncFII (n = 2) and IncN (n = 1). Complete sequence analysis of a representative plasmid pTA9 revealed that it was strikingly similar with plasmid pMCR1-IncI2 of E. coli, plasmid pHNSHP45 of E. coli, and plasmid pWF-5-19C of Cronobacter sakazakii, implying that pTA9-like plasmids may be epidemic plasmids that mediate the spread of mcr-1 among Enterobacteriaceae. These results highlight that healthy meat duck is a potential reservoir for multidrug resistant mcr-1-containing E. coli strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhi Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000, China; (F.L.); (R.Z.); (Y.Y.); (H.L.); (J.W.); (J.L.); (P.L.); (Y.Z.); (Z.X.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271000, China
| | - Ruihua Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000, China; (F.L.); (R.Z.); (Y.Y.); (H.L.); (J.W.); (J.L.); (P.L.); (Y.Z.); (Z.X.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271000, China
| | - Yupeng Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000, China; (F.L.); (R.Z.); (Y.Y.); (H.L.); (J.W.); (J.L.); (P.L.); (Y.Z.); (Z.X.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271000, China
| | - Hanqing Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000, China; (F.L.); (R.Z.); (Y.Y.); (H.L.); (J.W.); (J.L.); (P.L.); (Y.Z.); (Z.X.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271000, China
| | - Jingyu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000, China; (F.L.); (R.Z.); (Y.Y.); (H.L.); (J.W.); (J.L.); (P.L.); (Y.Z.); (Z.X.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271000, China
| | - Jingjing Lan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000, China; (F.L.); (R.Z.); (Y.Y.); (H.L.); (J.W.); (J.L.); (P.L.); (Y.Z.); (Z.X.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271000, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000, China; (F.L.); (R.Z.); (Y.Y.); (H.L.); (J.W.); (J.L.); (P.L.); (Y.Z.); (Z.X.)
| | - Yanli Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000, China; (F.L.); (R.Z.); (Y.Y.); (H.L.); (J.W.); (J.L.); (P.L.); (Y.Z.); (Z.X.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271000, China
| | - Zhijing Xie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000, China; (F.L.); (R.Z.); (Y.Y.); (H.L.); (J.W.); (J.L.); (P.L.); (Y.Z.); (Z.X.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271000, China
| | - Shijin Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000, China; (F.L.); (R.Z.); (Y.Y.); (H.L.); (J.W.); (J.L.); (P.L.); (Y.Z.); (Z.X.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271000, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-538-8245799
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16
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Zhang R, Yang Y, Lan J, Xie Z, Zhang X, Jiang S. Evidence of possible vertical transmission of duck hepatitis A virus type 1 in ducks. Transbound Emerg Dis 2020; 68:267-275. [PMID: 32598568 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Duck hepatitis A virus (DHAV) causes a highly contagious and acute disease in ducklings younger than 3 weeks of age and spreads rapidly by horizontal transmission to all susceptible ducklings in the flock. To date, there is no evidence of vertical transmission of DHAV-1. In a previous study, we identified a novel DHAV type 1 (DHAV-1) isolate that could infect adult ducks and induce laying drop. In this study, 30 non-embryonated duck eggs and 60 17-day-old embryos were collected from three breeding duck flocks with egg drop syndrome caused by DHAV-1 in China, and 30 17-day-old embryos were randomly selected from the 60 embryos and allowed to hatch. DHAV-1 RNA was detected by RT-PCR in 10 of 30 non-embryonated eggs, 9 of 30 17-day-old embryos, 5 of 7 dead embryos and 5 of 23 newly hatched ducklings. Overall, 29 of 90 (32.2%) eggs and embryos were positive for DHAV-1. Three DHAV-1 strains were isolated from the dead duck embryos of the three breeding duck flocks, respectively. Pathogenicity studies showed that the three DHAV-1 isolates had median embryo lethal doses but were highly pathogenic to healthy ducklings. Compared with the DHAV reference strains, there were two specific amino acid mutation sites (F169 and S220 ) in VP1 of the three isolates. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that DHAV-1 is isolated from duck embryos. The findings provide evidence of possible vertical transmission of DHAV-1 from breeding ducks to ducklings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Zhang
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China.,Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Yupeng Yang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Jingjing Lan
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Zhijing Xie
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Xiansheng Zhang
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Shijin Jiang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, Shandong, China
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17
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Abstract
The disease caused by duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) is characterized by severe egg-drop in laying ducks. Currently, the disease has spread to most duck-raising areas in China, leading to great economic losses in the duck industry. In the recent years, DTMUV has raised some concerns, because of its expanding host range and increasing pathogenicity, as well as the potential threat to public health. Innate immunity is crucial for defending against invading pathogens in the early stages of infection. Recently, studies on the interaction between DTMUV and host innate immune response have made great progress. In the review, we provide an overview of DTMUV and summarize current advances in our understanding of the interaction between DTMUV and innate immunity, including the host innate immune responses to DTMUV infection through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), signaling transducer molecules, interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), and the immune evasion strategies employed by DTMUV. The aim of the review is to gain an in-depth understanding of DTMUV pathogenesis to facilitate future studies.
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18
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Hisham I, Ellakany HF, Selim AA, Abdalla MAM, Zain El-Abideen MA, Kilany WH, Ali A, Elbestawy AR. Comparative Pathogenicity of Duck Hepatitis A Virus-1 Isolates in Experimentally Infected Pekin and Muscovy Ducklings. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:234. [PMID: 32671102 PMCID: PMC7326108 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Duck hepatitis virus (DHV) has always been considered one of the threats endangering duck farming in Egypt since the 1960s. In the current study, suspected DHV samples (n = 30) were obtained from commercial Pekin, Mulard (hybrid), and Muscovy duck farms and backyards in Beheira, Alexandria, Gharbia, Kafr El-Sheikh, and Giza provinces between 2012 and 2017. Diseased 3–21-day-old ducklings showed a clinical history of high mortality rates and nervous signs. Samples were screened by RT-PCR targeting the 5′UTR region and VP1 gene. The PCR-confirmed samples (n = 7) were isolated via allantoic route inoculation onto 9-day-old specific-pathogen-free embryonated chicken eggs. Embryos showed stunting, subcutaneous hemorrhages, and liver necrotic greenish-yellow foci. Duck hepatitis A virus-1 (DHAV-1) isolates were genetically analyzed in comparison to other field and vaccine strains. Phylogenetic analyses of the full-length VP1 gene sequences revealed that the obtained DHAV-1 field isolates clustered into genetic group 4 alongside other Egyptian strains isolated during the same period (95.9–99.72% similarity). Amino acid substitutions in the carboxyl-terminal of VP1 (I180T, G184E, D193N, and M213I) were identified in two strains. Also, deletion mutation at I189 was detected in three DHAV-1 strains. Additionally, the two amino acid residues E205 and N235 were common among the isolated strains and other virulent DHAV-1 strains. Two DHAV-1 isolates originated from Pekin source were selected for conducting the comparative pathogenicity testing based on detected point mutations at C-terminus of VP1. We evaluated the pathogenicity of these isolates by investigating clinical signs, mortality rates, and gross pathological and microscopic lesions. The study revealed that experimentally infected Pekin and Muscovy ducklings showed similar clinical signs including squatting down, lateral recumbency, and spasmodic kicking. Muscovy showed milder pathological changes in the liver compared to Pekin ducklings. Histopathological findings supported the gross pathological lesions detected in both breeds. In conclusion, these data provide updated information on the genetic diversity and pathotyping of Egyptian DHAV-1 strains. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of comparative pathogenicity of recent DHAV-1 strains in Pekin and Muscovy ducklings in Egypt and the Middle East region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islam Hisham
- Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production (RLQP), Animal Health Research Institute, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Hany F Ellakany
- Poultry and Fish Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Abdullah A Selim
- Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production (RLQP), Animal Health Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A M Abdalla
- Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production (RLQP), Animal Health Research Institute, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Zain El-Abideen
- Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production (RLQP), Animal Health Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Walid H Kilany
- Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production (RLQP), Animal Health Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ali
- Poultry Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Ahmed R Elbestawy
- Poultry and Fish Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
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19
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A Novel Peptide Isolated from a Phage Display Peptide Library Modeling Antigenic Epitope of DHAV-1 and DHAV-3. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8010121. [PMID: 32150877 PMCID: PMC7157547 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8010121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Duck hepatitis A virus (DHAV), the major pathogen of duck virus hepatitis (DVH), causes severe diseases that threaten the duck industry worldwide. The VP1 protein, a major structural protein of DHAV, is able to induce neutralizing antibody in ducks. The purpose of this study was to identify the antigenic mimotope of DHAV by phage display technology. A monoclonal antibody (mAb) 4E6 against DHAV-1 and DHAV-3 was prepared, and a phage library prepared with the PhD-12 Phage Display Peptide Library Kit was screened with the mAb. A novel peptide, 1GLTWKLPPSM10 was identified with high affinity to the mAb and could specifically block mAb 4E6 from binding DHAV-1 and DHAV-3. Animal tests confirmed that the immunization of ducklings with the mimotope could inhibit the virus proliferation and protect the ducklings from DVH. In summary, the neutralizing conformational mimotope 1GLTWKLPPSM10 might be a promising vaccine candidate for the prevention of DHAV infection.
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20
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Lan J, Zhang R, Yu H, Wang J, Xue W, Chen J, Lin S, Wang Y, Xie Z, Jiang S. Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Uncovers the Mediation of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Induced Autophagy in DHAV-1-Infected DEF Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20246160. [PMID: 31817666 PMCID: PMC6940786 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a tightly regulated catabolic process and is activated in cells in response to stress signals. Despite extensive study, the interplay between duck hepatitis A virus type 1 (DHAV-1) and the autophagy of host cells is not clear. In this study, we applied proteomics analysis to investigate the interaction mechanism between DHAV-1 and duck embryo fibroblast (DEF) cells. In total, 507 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified, with 171 upregulated proteins and 336 downregulated proteins. The protein expression level of heat shock proteins (Hsps) and their response to stimulus proteins and zinc finger proteins (ZFPs) were significantly increased while the same aspects of ribosome proteins declined. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that DEPs were mainly involved in the “response to stimulus”, the “defense response to virus”, and the “phagosome pathway”. Furthermore, Western blot results showed that the conversion of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-I (LC3-I) to the lipidation form of LC3-II increased, and the conversion rate decreased when DEF cells were processed with 4-phenylbutyrate (4-PBA). These findings indicated that DHAV-1 infection could cause endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced autophagy in DEF cells, and that ER stress was an important regulatory factor in the activation of autophagy. Our data provide a new clue regarding the host cell response to DHAV-1 and identify proteins involved in the DHAV-1 infection process or the ER stress-induced autophagy process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Lan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000, China; (J.L.); (R.Z.); (H.Y.); (J.W.); (W.X.); (J.C.); (Z.X.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271000, China
| | - Ruihua Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000, China; (J.L.); (R.Z.); (H.Y.); (J.W.); (W.X.); (J.C.); (Z.X.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271000, China
| | - Honglei Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000, China; (J.L.); (R.Z.); (H.Y.); (J.W.); (W.X.); (J.C.); (Z.X.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271000, China
| | - Jingyu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000, China; (J.L.); (R.Z.); (H.Y.); (J.W.); (W.X.); (J.C.); (Z.X.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271000, China
| | - Wenxiang Xue
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000, China; (J.L.); (R.Z.); (H.Y.); (J.W.); (W.X.); (J.C.); (Z.X.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271000, China
| | - Junhao Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000, China; (J.L.); (R.Z.); (H.Y.); (J.W.); (W.X.); (J.C.); (Z.X.)
- College of Public Health and Management, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261042, China
| | - Shaoli Lin
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, VA-MD College of Veterinary Medicine and Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA;
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Taishan Medical College, Taian 271000, China;
| | - Zhijing Xie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000, China; (J.L.); (R.Z.); (H.Y.); (J.W.); (W.X.); (J.C.); (Z.X.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271000, China
| | - Shijin Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000, China; (J.L.); (R.Z.); (H.Y.); (J.W.); (W.X.); (J.C.); (Z.X.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271000, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-538-8245799
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Lin W, Chen T, Liao L, Wang Z, Xiao J, Lu J, Song C, Qin J, Chen F, Chang YF, Xie Q. A parrot-type Chlamydia psittaci strain is in association with egg production drop in laying ducks. Transbound Emerg Dis 2019; 66:2002-2010. [PMID: 31127977 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Chlamydophila psittaci (C. psittaci) is an avian pathogen associated with systemic wasting disease in birds, as well as a public health risk. Although duck-related cases of psittacosis have been reported, the pathogenicity and shedding status of C. psittaci in ducks are unclear. In this study, we reported that C. psittaci (genotype A) is responsible for a disease outbreak characterized by poor laying performance and severe lesions in multiple organs of ducks. Oral administration of antibiotic, doxycycline, was found to effectively control the C. psittaci infection in laying ducks. Collectively, our new findings provide evidence that C. psittaci was the major pathogen responsible for the outbreak of this disease in ducks. In order to reduce economic losses incurred by this disease, effective control measures must be taken to prevent infection in laying duck farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencheng Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Animal Virus Vector Vaccine Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Tong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Animal Virus Vector Vaccine Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Wen's Group Academy, Wen's Foodstuffs Group Co., Ltd., Xinxing, China
| | - Liqin Liao
- Guangdong Provincial Animal Virus Vector Vaccine Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhanxin Wang
- Wen's Group Academy, Wen's Foodstuffs Group Co., Ltd., Xinxing, China
| | - Junfang Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Animal Virus Vector Vaccine Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junpeng Lu
- Wen's Group Academy, Wen's Foodstuffs Group Co., Ltd., Xinxing, China
| | - Chuncheng Song
- Wen's Group Academy, Wen's Foodstuffs Group Co., Ltd., Xinxing, China
| | - Jianping Qin
- Wen's Group Academy, Wen's Foodstuffs Group Co., Ltd., Xinxing, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Animal Virus Vector Vaccine Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Wen's Group Academy, Wen's Foodstuffs Group Co., Ltd., Xinxing, China
| | - Yung-Fu Chang
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Qingmei Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Animal Virus Vector Vaccine Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Zhu T, Qi B, Liu R, Jiang X, Lu R, Xiao L, Fu G, Fu Q, Shi S, Wan C, Huang Y. Comparative pathogenicity of two subtypes (hepatitis-type and pancreatitis-type) of duck hepatitis A virus type 1 in experimentally infected Muscovy ducklings. Avian Pathol 2019; 48:352-361. [PMID: 30982334 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2019.1605146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Duck hepatitis A virus type 1 (DHAV-1) causes acute hepatitis with high morbidity and mortality in ducklings of the genera Cairina and Anas and is characterized by ecchymotic haemorrhage and necrosis of the liver surface. Since September 2011, a new subtype of DHAV-1 (named pancreatitis-type DHAV-1) has been isolated. This new subtype is characterized by yellowish or haemorrhagic pancreatitis, but with no significant pathological changes in the liver. To further investigate the difference in pathogenicity between hepatitis-type DHAV-1 and pancreatitis-type DHAV-1, we infected Muscovy ducklings with a hepatitis-type DHAV-1 strain, FZ86, or a pancreatitis-type DHAV-1 strain, MPZJ1206, and then compared the resulting gross lesions, histopathological changes, viral distribution and cellular apoptosis in the liver and pancreas of Muscovy ducklings. The results suggested that FZ86 induced a more efficient viral propagation in the liver than MPZJ1206, and the gross and histopathological lesions were also limited to the liver. However, MPZJ1206 induced more effective viral replication in the pancreas than FZ86. The MPZJ1206-infected Muscovy ducklings showed an obviously yellowed and haemorrhagic pancreas, but with no significant pathological changes in the liver. Furthermore, FZ86 induced notable hepatocyte apoptosis and increased the expression of caspase-3 in the liver, whereas MPZJ1206 caused apoptosis in a large number of acinar epithelial cells and elevated the expression of caspase-3 in the pancreas. Taken together, these results demonstrated that pancreatitis-type DHAV-1 has many new pathogenic features which distinguish it from the hepatitis-type DHAV-1. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS Pancreatitis-type DHAV-1 (MPZJ1206) was characterized by pancreatic haemorrhage and yellow discolouration, but with no obvious haemorrhage and necrosis in the liver. Pancreatitis-type DHAV-1 (MPZJ1206) exhibits many new pathogenic features which distinguish it from the hepatitis-type DHAV-1 (FZ86).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhu
- a Key Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology , College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Baomin Qi
- a Key Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology , College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Rongchang Liu
- b Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Science , Fuzhou , People's Republic of China.,c Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Avian Diseases Control and Prevention , Fuzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Xueli Jiang
- a Key Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology , College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Ronghui Lu
- a Key Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology , College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Longhua Xiao
- a Key Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology , College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghua Fu
- b Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Science , Fuzhou , People's Republic of China.,c Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Avian Diseases Control and Prevention , Fuzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuling Fu
- b Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Science , Fuzhou , People's Republic of China.,c Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Avian Diseases Control and Prevention , Fuzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Shaohua Shi
- b Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Science , Fuzhou , People's Republic of China.,c Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Avian Diseases Control and Prevention , Fuzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhe Wan
- b Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Science , Fuzhou , People's Republic of China.,c Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Avian Diseases Control and Prevention , Fuzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Huang
- b Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Science , Fuzhou , People's Republic of China.,c Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Avian Diseases Control and Prevention , Fuzhou , People's Republic of China
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23
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Sun D, Wang M, Wen X, Mao S, Cheng A, Jia R, Yang Q, Wu Y, Zhu D, Chen S, Liu M, Zhao X, Zhang S, Chen X, Liu Y, Yu Y, Zhang L. Biochemical characterization of recombinant Avihepatovirus 3C protease and its localization. Virol J 2019; 16:54. [PMID: 31036013 PMCID: PMC6489322 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-019-1155-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The picornaviral 3C protease mediates viral polyprotein maturation and multiple cleavages of host proteins to modulate viral translation and transcription. The 3C protease has been regarded as a valid target due to its structural similarity among different picornaviruses and minimal sequence similarity with host proteins; therefore, the development of potent inhibitors against the 3C protease as an antiviral drug is ongoing. Duck hepatitis A virus (DHAV) belongs to the Picornavidea family and is a major threat to the poultry industry. To date, little is known about the roles of the DHAV 3C protease plays during infection. METHODS In this study, we compared the full-length DHAV 3C protein sequence with other 3C sequences to obtain an alignment for the construction of a phylogenetic tree. Then, we expressed and purified recombinant DHAV 3C protease in the BL21 expression system using nickel-NTA affinity chromatography. The optimization of the cleavage assay conditions and the kinetic analysis for DHAV 3C protease were done by in vitro cleavage assays with a fluorogenic peptide respectively. The inhibitory activity of rupintrivir against the DHAV 3C protease was further evaluated. The localization of the 3C protease in infected and transfected cells was determined using immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy. RESULTS Under different expression conditions, the 3C protease was found to be highly expressed after induction with 1 mM IPTG at 16 °C for 10 h. We synthesized a fluorogenic peptide derived from the cleavage site of the DHAV polyprotein and evaluated the protease activity of the DHAV 3C protease for the first time. We used fluorimetric based kinetic analysis to determine kinetic parameters, and Vmax and Km values were determined to be 16.52 nmol/min and 50.78 μM, respectively. Rupintrivir was found to exhibit inhibitory activity against the DHAV 3C protease. Using polyclonal antibody and an indirect immunofluorescence microscopy assay (IFA), it was determined that the DHAV 3C protease was found in the nucleus during infection. In addition, the DHAV 3C protease can enter into the nucleus without the cooperation of viral proteins. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to examine the activity of the DHAV 3C protease, and the activity of the DHAV 3C protease is temperature-, pH- and NaCl concentration- dependent. The DHAV 3C protease localizes throughout DHAV-infected cells and can enter into the nucleus in the absence of other viral proteins. The kinetic analysis was calculated, and the Vmax and Km values were 16.52 nmol/min and 50.78 μM, respectively, using the Lineweaver-Burk plot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Sun
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingjian Wen
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
| | - Sai Mao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Wu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
| | - Dekang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shun Chen
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
| | - Mafeng Liu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Zhao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaqiu Zhang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyue Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunya Liu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanling Yu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130 People’s Republic of China
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