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Guido-Torres A, Medina-Esparza L, Cruz-Vázquez C, Cisneros-Guzmán LF, Ramos-Parra M. Epidemiology of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii infection in venison from Aguascalientes, Mexico. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2024; 47:100946. [PMID: 38199677 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2023.100946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to estimate the seroprevalence of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in venison from Aguascalientes, Mexico, their possible association with some risk factors, and to identify the presence of parasite DNA in blood and tissues. For this study, 5 farms and four species of venison were included, where 43 blood serum samples were obtained and in 37 of these animals a peripheral blood sample was also obtained; from hunted deer, 6 liver and 2 heart samples were obtained. The samples were analyzed by ELISA and PCR tests, respectively. The association between the serological status and the possible risk factors was estimated. The overall seroprevalence in N. caninum was 47% (20/43; CI 95% 31-62), with positive animals in all farms in a range of 18 to 100%, while for T. gondii it was 49% (21/43; CI 95% 33-64), with positive animals in 80% of farms in a range of 18 to 100%. The prevalence of N. caninum DNA detection in blood was 59% (22/37; CI 95% 42-74), with positive animals in all farms, in a range of 45 to 100%, while in T. gondii it was 76% (28/37; CI 95% 58-87), with positive animals in all farms, in a range of 56 to 100%. Age (> 4 years) was identified as associated with seroprevalence in N. caninum (OR 5.2) and in T. gondii (OR 12.7). DNA from both parasites was detected in the liver and heart samples. The results shown that venison populations included in the study are living in an environment highly contaminated with oocysts excreted by the definitive host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adán Guido-Torres
- Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico El Llano Aguascalientes, Km. 18 carretera Aguascalientes - San Luis Potosí, El Llano, Aguascalientes 20330, Mexico
| | - Leticia Medina-Esparza
- Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico El Llano Aguascalientes, Km. 18 carretera Aguascalientes - San Luis Potosí, El Llano, Aguascalientes 20330, Mexico
| | - Carlos Cruz-Vázquez
- Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico El Llano Aguascalientes, Km. 18 carretera Aguascalientes - San Luis Potosí, El Llano, Aguascalientes 20330, Mexico.
| | | | - Miguel Ramos-Parra
- Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico El Llano Aguascalientes, Km. 18 carretera Aguascalientes - San Luis Potosí, El Llano, Aguascalientes 20330, Mexico
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Hecker YP, González-Ortega S, Cano S, Ortega-Mora LM, Horcajo P. Bovine infectious abortion: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1249410. [PMID: 37841464 PMCID: PMC10570746 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1249410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to identify the main infectious agents related to bovine abortion worldwide in the period between 2000 and 2022. First, we investigated the global prevalence of infectious agents related to bovine abortion. For this analysis, only 27 articles detected of a wide panel of agents were included. The random effects model revealed that the estimated prevalence of the abortifacient agents in bovine abortion was 45.7%. The heterogeneity among studies was high, but Egger's test showed that there was no publication bias, even though the total number of samples analyzed in these articles was variable. There was no significant effect of the year of the study publication on the estimated prevalence, although an increasing trend was observed over time, possibly due to the implementation of new diagnostic techniques. Then, we analyzed the prevalence of the main transmissible agents in bovine abortion. For this analysis, 76 studies that analyzed 19,070 cases were included. Some infectious agent was detected in 7,319 specimens, and a final diagnosis was reached in 3,977 of these, when both the infectious agent and compatible histopathological changes were detected. We found that Neospora caninum was the most detected agent (22.2%), followed by opportunistic bacteria (21.4%), Chlamydiaceae family (10.9%) and Coxiella burnetii (9.5%). Regarding viral agents, bovine herpes virus type 1 and bovine viral diarrhea displayed similar prevalence rates (approximately 5%). After considering the description of specific histopathological changes, our analyzes showed that N. caninum was a confirmed cause of abortion in 16.7% of the analyzed cases, followed by opportunistic bacteria (12.6%) and Chlamydia spp. (6.8%); however, C. burnetii was only confirmed as a cause of abortion in 1.1% of the cases. For all agents, the heterogeneity among studies was high, and the subgroup analyzes discarded the diagnostic method as the cause of such heterogeneity. This study provides knowledge about the global prevalence of the different infectious agents related to bovine abortion, the most coming of which is N. caninum. In addition, this review reveals the existing deficiencies in the diagnosis of bovine abortion that must be addressed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanina Paola Hecker
- SALUVET, Animal Health Department, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Innovation for Agricultural Production and Sustainable Development (IPADS Balcarce), INTA-CONICET, Balcarce, Argentina
| | - Sara González-Ortega
- SALUVET, Animal Health Department, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Cano
- Computing Services, Research Support Center, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Miguel Ortega-Mora
- SALUVET, Animal Health Department, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Horcajo
- SALUVET, Animal Health Department, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Nayeri T, Moosazadeh M, Sarvi S, Daryani A. Neospora caninum infection in aborting bovines and lost fetuses: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268903. [PMID: 35604902 PMCID: PMC9126370 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Neospora caninum (N. caninum) is known to be a major cause of reproductive failure in cattle herds around the world. Therefore, the current comprehensive study was performed to estimate the global prevalence of N. caninum infection in bovines that had an abortion and aborted fetuses.
Methods
In this study, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest databases were systematically searched for relevant studies up until November 4, 2021. Pooled prevalence and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using a random effect model. Other analyzes performed on the data of this study include sensitivity analysis, publication bias test, and quality assessment.
Results
The final analyses included 71 studies conducted on 2965 abortive cattle and 4805 aborted fetuses. The overall prevalence rates of N. caninum infection in bovines that had an abortion were 47% and 1% using serological and molecular methods. Furthermore, overall prevalence rates of N. caninum infection in bovine aborted fetuses globally were 35% (95% CI: 8%–62%) and 43% (95% CI: 35%–52%) using serological and molecular methods.
Conclusions
The results of this study showed the high prevalence of N. caninum infection in bovines that had an abortion and aborted fetuses. It is hoped that the results of this study will help prevent abortion in bovines around the world and encourage further studies to determine the impact of this parasite on the occurrence of abortion that may help reduce the economic damage caused by abortion worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tooran Nayeri
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahmood Moosazadeh
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Shahabeddin Sarvi
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ahmad Daryani
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- * E-mail:
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De Velasco-Reyes I, Cruz-Vázquez C, Medina-Esparza L, Vitela-Mendoza I, Ángel-Sahagún CA, Gómez-Leyva JF. Prevalence, Incidence, and Risk Factors for Infection by Neospora caninum in Dairy Farm Dogs in North-Central Mexico. J Parasitol 2020; 106:312-315. [PMID: 32330280 DOI: 10.1645/18-203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence and incidence of Neospora caninum infection in dogs that are in close contact with dairy cattle and to identify possible risk factors associated with the infection in this population. Twenty-four dogs located in 8 different dairy farms of Aguascalientes, Mexico, were evaluated for a 6-mo period. Once a month a sample of serum and a sample of peripheral blood was collected. The serum was used to detect antibodies against N. caninum by means of the indirect immunofluorescence technique, and the blood was used to detect parasite's DNA. The association between seroprevalence and possible risk factors was estimated using logistic regression. The prevalence of anti-N. caninum antibodies was 54% in the first month, 62% in the last month, and the incidence was 8.69%. One farm had no positive cases. Antibody titers ranged from 1:50 to 1:800. Parasite DNA was not detected in any of the samples. Only the age (>6 yr) of the dogs was identified as a risk factor for infection by N. caninum (P ≤ 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- I De Velasco-Reyes
- Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico El Llano Aguascalientes, Km. 18 carretera Aguascalientes, San Luis Potosí, El Llano, 20330, Aguascalientes, México
| | - C Cruz-Vázquez
- Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico El Llano Aguascalientes, Km. 18 carretera Aguascalientes, San Luis Potosí, El Llano, 20330, Aguascalientes, México
| | - L Medina-Esparza
- Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico El Llano Aguascalientes, Km. 18 carretera Aguascalientes, San Luis Potosí, El Llano, 20330, Aguascalientes, México
| | - I Vitela-Mendoza
- Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico El Llano Aguascalientes, Km. 18 carretera Aguascalientes, San Luis Potosí, El Llano, 20330, Aguascalientes, México
| | - C A Ángel-Sahagún
- División Ciencias de la Vida, Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, Universidad de Guanajuato. Ex Hacienda El Copal, km. 7 carretera Irapuato-Silao, 36500, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México
| | - J F Gómez-Leyva
- Instituto Tecnológico de Tlajomulco, Tecnológico Nacional de México. Km 10 carretera Tlajomulco, San Miguel Cuyutlán, 45640, Tlajomulco de Zúñiga, Jalisco, México
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Macedo CABD, Macedo MFSBD, Miura AC, Taroda A, Cardim ST, Innes EA, Katzer F, Cantón GJ, Chianini F, Headley SA, Garcia JL. Occurrence of abortions induced by Neospora caninum in dairy cattle from Santa Catarina, southern Brazil. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA 2017; 26:292-298. [PMID: 28977243 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612017051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract The aim of the present study was to investigate the occurrence of N. caninum associated with abortions of dairy cattle from Santa Catarina state, southern Brazil by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Blood from dairy cows that aborted along with intrathoracic fluid and tissue samples (brain, heart, liver, and lung) from their fetuses were collected and used for serology; PCR, histopathological, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) evaluations were also conducted. Twenty-one cows (51.2%) out of 41, and eight fetuses (26.7%) out of 30 were ELISA (HerdCheck, IDEXX) positive for N. caninum. Dams > 36 months of age had a higher risk of being serum positive than younger animals. PCR and IHC revealed that 38.8% (14/36) and 25.0% (9/36) of the fetuses were positive for N. caninum, respectively for each of the tests. Seropositive cows had a higher frequency of fetuses that were also positive by either intrathoracic fluid, PCR, or IHC. In summary, the present study observed a high frequency of N. caninum in abortions from dairy cows from southern Brazil, with a higher N. caninum prevalence found in cows that were older than 36 months. In addition, serology, PCR, and IHC should be used all together for better diagnosis of neosporosis in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - German Jose Cantón
- Moredun Research Institute, United Kingdom; Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Argentina
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Roelandt S, Van der Stede Y, Czaplicki G, Van Loo H, Van Driessche E, Dewulf J, Hooyberghs J, Faes C. Serological diagnosis of bovine neosporosis: a Bayesian evaluation of two antibody ELISA tests for in vivo diagnosis in purchased and abortion cattle. Vet Rec 2015; 176:598. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.102872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Roelandt
- Unit Coordination of Veterinary Diagnosis & Epidemiology and Risk analysis (CDD-ERA); Operational Directorate of Surveillance and Interactions, Veterinary and Agrochemical Research Centre (CODA-CERVA); Groeselenberg, 99 Brussels B-1180 Belgium
| | - Y. Van der Stede
- Unit Coordination of Veterinary Diagnosis & Epidemiology and Risk analysis (CDD-ERA); Operational Directorate of Surveillance and Interactions, Veterinary and Agrochemical Research Centre (CODA-CERVA); Groeselenberg, 99 Brussels B-1180 Belgium
- Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Ghent University; Merelbeke Belgium
| | - G. Czaplicki
- Unit of Porcine Production; Association Régionale de Santé & d’ Identification Animales (ARSIA); Loncin Belgium
| | - H. Van Loo
- Unit Health Care (Bovine); Dierengezondheidszorg Vlaanderen (DGZ); Torhout Belgium
| | - E. Van Driessche
- Unit Health Care (Bovine); Dierengezondheidszorg Vlaanderen (DGZ); Torhout Belgium
| | - J. Dewulf
- Veterinary Epidemiology Unit, Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Ghent University; Merelbeke Belgium
| | - J. Hooyberghs
- Directorate Control and Policy, Federal Agency for Safety of the Food Chain; Brussels Belgium
| | - C. Faes
- Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and statistical Bioinformatics (I-BioStat), Hasselt University; Diepenbeek Belgium
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Doosti A, Khamesipour F, Nekoei S, Lutvikadic I. Survey for the presence of Neospora caninum in frozen bull's semen samples by PCR assay. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(14)60618-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Castañeda-Hernández A, Cruz-Vázquez C, Medina-Esparza L. Neospora caninum: Seroprevalence and DNA detection in blood of sheep from Aguascalientes, Mexico. Small Rumin Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2014.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Nematollahi A, Moghaddam GH, Jaafari R, Helan JA, Norouzi M. Study on outbreak of Neospora caninum-associated abortion in dairy cows in Tabriz (Northwest Iran) by serological, molecular and histopathologic methods. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2014; 6:942-6. [PMID: 24144024 DOI: 10.1016/s1995-7645(13)60168-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2013] [Revised: 09/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine Neospora caninum (N. caninum) as a cause of bovine abortion in dairy cows by ELISA, PCR and Pathological methods in Tabriz, Northwest of Iran. METHODS For study of outbreak of neosporosis, blood samples were collected from 76 Holstein aborted dairy cows in Tabriz (Northwest Iran). Antibodies to N. caninum were assayed by using a commercially ELISA kit (IDEXX, USA). IgG against N. caninum were found in 14 (18.4%) cases. Aborted fetuses of these seropositive dams were proposed for histopathological and molecular investigations. Brains, spinal cords and placentas of the fetuses were fixed in 10% buffered formalin for histopathology. Also 5-10 g of brain tissue was sampled for DNA extraction. In 6 out of 14 (42.8%) fetuses, brain tissue was positive in PCR. All dams of these fetuses were serologically seropositive in ELISA test. RESULTS Histopathologically, the lesions consistent with N. caninum were observed in brains, spinal cords and placenta of all fetuses. Lesions in CNS included severe congestion, perivascular and perineuronal edema, status spongiosis, perivascular cuffing, focal gliosis, nourophagy and focal necrosis. There were some Neospora-like cysts in brain. In placentas, severe congestion, perivascular infiltration of mononuclear cells, vascular thrombosis, focal placentitis and necrotic foci in cotyledons were noticed. CONCLUSIONS The results of present study agreed the results of similar studies about serological, histopathological and molecular results of other studies about neosporosis and it seems to support the outbreak of N. caninum-associated abortion in dairy cows in Tabriz (Northwest Iran).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nematollahi
- Department of Patobiology, Veterinary Collage, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
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Orlando DR, Costa RC, Soares BA, Oliveira NS, Nascimento LC, Peconick AP, Raymundo DL, Varaschin MS. Abortos por Neosporacaninum em bovinos do sul de Minas Gerais. PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2013001100008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Este estudo avaliou a participação de Neospora caninum em casos de abortos em bovinos provenientes de propriedades rurais da região sul de Minas Gerais por meio de análises histopatológicas, imuno-histoquímicas (IHQ) e pela reação em Cadeia de Polimerase (PCR). O material utilizado foi obtido de um estudo retrospectivo de casos de aborto recebidos pelo Setor de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Lavras e de fetos necropsiados durante os anos de 2011 a 2013. De 60 fetos estudados, 30 (50%) tinham lesões microscópicas. Destes, 19 (63%) apresentaram lesões compatíveis com aborto por N. caninum, caracterizadas principalmente por encefalite não supurativa multifocal, necrose e gliose multifocal, assim como, miocardite e miosite não supurativa. Em 14 fetos chegou-se ao diagnóstico definitivo. Destes, cinco tiveram sua confirmação somente pela marcação IHQ e cinco foram positivos somente na PCR. Quatro fetos foram positivos tanto na IHQ quanto na PCR. Cinco fetos, provenientes do estudo retrospectivo apresentaram lesões compatíveis com N. caninum, mas a presença do protozoário não foi confirmada pela marcação IHQ. Os achados demonstram que o N. caninum é um importante agente associado ao aborto em bovinos na região sul de Minas Gerais. Para tanto, além das lesões microscópicas a associação entre a IHQ e a técnica de PCR foi essencial para a confirmação do diagnóstico.
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Frequency of infection by Neospora caninum in wild rodents associated with dairy farms in Aguascalientes, Mexico. Vet Parasitol 2013; 191:11-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2012] [Revised: 08/03/2012] [Accepted: 08/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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First identification of Neospora caninum by PCR in aborted bovine foetuses in Romania. Parasitol Res 2009; 106:719-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-009-1684-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2009] [Accepted: 11/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Sánchez GFD, Banda RVM, Sahagun RA, Ledesma MN, Morales SE. Comparison between immunohistochemistry and two PCR methods for detection of Neospora caninum in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded brain tissue of bovine fetuses. Vet Parasitol 2009; 164:328-32. [PMID: 19515495 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2009] [Revised: 04/28/2009] [Accepted: 05/06/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to identify the presence of the parasite by comparing immunohistochemistry (IHC) with two polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods for the detection of the pNc5 gene and the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) of N. caninum in brain tissue of bovine fetuses that had previously been fixed in formalin and paraffin-embedded. In 29 out of 48 brains (60.4%), microscopic lesions consistent with Neospora infection were observed, and 21 of the 29 cases (72.41%) were positive for IHC. Fifteen of the 29 cases positive for IHC (51.72%) were also positive on the ITS1 PCR, and 12 cases were also positive on the pNc5 PCR (41.37%). The sensitivity of the PCR assays was 71.42% and 57.14%, respectively, and the specificity was 100% for both. The concordance between histopathology and IHC and the ITS1 PCR was 85%, and in the case of the pNc5 PCR it was 77.5%. When the number of fetuses positive by IHC and both PCR tests was compared, no statistically significant difference was found (P>0.05). It is concluded that the use of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded bovine fetal tissues allows the detection of N. caninum by IHC or PCR. Nevertheless, it is recommended that more than one technique is used to increase the diagnostic sensitivity, and preferably tests that show better performance in the individual laboratory should be selected.
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Affiliation(s)
- G F D Sánchez
- Departamento de Producción Animal Aves, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Avenida Universidad 3000, México, D.F., C.P. 04510, Mexico
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Detection of Hammondia heydorni and related coccidia (Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii) in goats slaughtered in Bahia, Brazil. Vet Parasitol 2009; 162:156-9. [PMID: 19278786 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2008] [Revised: 01/26/2009] [Accepted: 02/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Hammondia heydorni is a coccidian parasite with an obligatory two host life cycle, with dogs and foxes as definitive hosts, and a number of intermediate hosts, including goats. While infection by this parasite seems to be unassociated with any clinical signs, infection by the closely related parasites Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii can result in abortion, stillbirths and low yielding in caprine herds. The aim of this work was to investigate the frequency of goats infected with H. heydorni using a nested PCR, specific to Toxoplasmatinae internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) of the rDNA, followed by sequencing of the purified PCR fragments. The same molecular techniques were used to determine the frequencies of N. caninum and T. gondii-infected animals. A total frequency of 13.72% (14/102) was obtained for Toxoplasmatinae DNA in goat tissues. After sequencing the PCR products from all positive tissues, a frequency of 3.92% (4/102), 1.96% (2/102) and 7.84% (8/102) were obtained for H. heydorni, N. caninum and T. gondii, respectively. All sequences shared 98-100% identity with sequences from other strains of these coccidia present in GenBank. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of H. heydorni DNA in tissues from naturally infected intermediate hosts.
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Seroepidemiological study of Neospora caninum infection in dogs found in dairy farms and urban areas of Aguascalientes, Mexico. Vet Parasitol 2008; 157:139-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2008] [Revised: 07/03/2008] [Accepted: 07/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Dubey JP, Schares G. Diagnosis of bovine neosporosis. Vet Parasitol 2006; 140:1-34. [PMID: 16730126 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2006.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2006] [Revised: 03/17/2006] [Accepted: 03/22/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The protozoan parasite Neospora caninum is a major cause of abortion in cattle. The diagnosis of neosporosis-associated mortality and abortion in cattle is difficult. In the present paper we review histologic, serologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular methods for dignosis of bovine neosporosis. Although not a routine method of diagnosis, methods to isolate viable N. caninum from bovine tissues are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Dubey
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Animal and Natural Resources Institute, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agricultural, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.
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