1
|
Altoé LSC, de Araújo Costa E, Tavares GP, Rocha MS, Queiroz JHD, Gonçalves JBC, de Figueiredo SG, de Araújo JV. On the interactions involving serine proteases obtained from Monacrosporium thaumasium (Ascomycota: Orbiliomycetes) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA): biological macromolecules in action. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:208. [PMID: 37103635 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03551-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
The use of force spectroscopy approaches performed with optical tweezers can be very useful in determining the binding modes and the physical chemistry of DNA interactions with ligands, from small drugs to proteins. Helminthophagous fungi, on the other hand, have important enzyme secretion mechanisms for various purposes, and the interactions between such enzymes and nucleic acids are very poorly studied. Therefore, the main goal of the present work was to investigate, at the molecular level, the mechanisms of interaction between fungal serine proteases and the double-stranded (ds) DNA molecule. Experimental assays performed with this single molecule technique consist in exposing different concentrations of the protease of this fungus to dsDNA until saturation while monitoring the changes on the mechanical properties of the macromolecular complexes formed, from where the physical chemistry of the interaction can be deduced. It was found that the protease binds strongly to the double-helix, forming aggregates and changing the persistence length of the DNA molecule. The present work thus allowed us to infer information at the molecular level on the pathogenicity of these proteins, an important class of biological macromolecules, when applied to a target specimen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ethe de Araújo Costa
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Márcio Santos Rocha
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José Humberto de Queiroz
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Suely Gomes de Figueiredo
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fungi: Essential Elements in the Ecosystems. Fungal Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-89664-5_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
3
|
Szewc M, De Waal T, Zintl A. Biological methods for the control of gastrointestinal nematodes. Vet J 2020; 268:105602. [PMID: 33468301 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2020.105602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) are a cause of significant losses in animal production worldwide. In recent years, there have been important advances in the biological control of GIN of ruminants and horses. While these measures are still relatively under-utilised in practice, interest will undoubtedly grow due to the emergence of drug resistant parasite populations, the rise in demand for organically farmed products (which does not allow prophylactic use of drugs, including anthelmintics) and legislation, which regulates and restricts the use of anthelmintics. This review provides an overview of the most promising biocontrol agents of GIN of grazing animals including nematophagous fungi, dung beetles, earthworms, predacious nematodes and nematophagous mites. Recent advancements in these fields are evaluated, and the potential reasons for the delayed development and slow uptake of biocontrol agents are discussed. It is now widely believed that no method of GIN control is sustainable alone, and a combination of strategies (i.e. integrated pest management) is required for long term, effective parasite control. This review shows that, although their efficacies are lower than those of conventional anthelmintics, biological control agents are an important adjunct to traditional GIN control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Theo De Waal
- UCD Veterinary Sciences Centre, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Annetta Zintl
- UCD Veterinary Sciences Centre, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Canhão-Dias M, Paz-Silva A, Madeira de Carvalho LM. The efficacy of predatory fungi on the control of gastrointestinal parasites in domestic and wild animals-A systematic review. Vet Parasitol 2020; 283:109173. [PMID: 32634679 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2020.109173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal parasites like nematodes are associated with significant impacts on animal health, causing poor growth rates, diseases and even death. Traditional parasite control includes the use of anthelmintic drugs, albeit being associated with drug resistance and ecotoxicity. In the last decade, biological control of parasites using nematophagous or predatory fungi has been increasingly studied, although systematic evidence of its efficacy is still lacking. The aim of this work was to assess the evidence of efficacy of nematophagous fungi in the control of nematodes and other gastrointestinal parasites in different animal species. METHODS Using the PICO method (Population, Intervention, Comparison and Outcomes), we performed a systematic review on the subject to search for original papers published between January 2006 and October 2019, written in English, and indexed in PubMed/Medline. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms were used in the syntax. Papers were selected for detailed review based on title and abstract. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, and relevant data were collected from the remaining papers. RESULTS The literature search retrieved 616 papers. Eighty-nine were submitted to a detailed review. In the end, 53 papers were included in the analysis. The studies were very heterogeneous, using different fungi, doses, frequency of administration, duration of treatment, host animals, and target parasites. Considering the 53 papers, 44 studies (83 % of the interventions) showed efficacy, with only 9 studies (17 %) showing no significant differences when compared to control. CONCLUSION With the increasing hazards of drug resistance and ecotoxicity, biological control with predatory fungi stands out as a good tool for future parasite management, whether as a complementary treatment or as an alternative to standard parasite control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Canhão-Dias
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A Paz-Silva
- Control of Parasites Group (COPAR, GI-2120), Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - L M Madeira de Carvalho
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dai HW, Xu Q, Wang BB, Jia XY, Wan XM, Yang XC, Cai KZ, Liu ZB. In Vitro, in Vivo, and Interaction Studies of Nematophagous FungusArthrobotrys thaumasia(Monacrosporium thaumasium) with the Larvae of Trichostrongylides of Sheep. J Parasitol 2017; 103:692-698. [DOI: 10.1645/16-146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Wei Dai
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Bo-Bo Wang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Xiao-Ye Jia
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Xue-Mei Wan
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Xue-Cai Yang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Kui-Zheng Cai
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Zhen-Bin Liu
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou 730030, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hernández JÁ, Arroyo FL, Suárez J, Cazapal-Monteiro CF, Romasanta Á, López-Arellano ME, Pedreira J, de Carvalho LMM, Sánchez-Andrade R, Arias MS, de Gives PM, Paz-Silva A. Feeding horses with industrially manufactured pellets with fungal spores to promote nematode integrated control. Vet Parasitol 2016; 229:37-44. [PMID: 27809976 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2016.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The usefulness of pellets industrially manufactured with spores of parasiticide fungi as a contribution to integrated nematode control was assessed in grazing horses throughout sixteen months. Two groups of 7 Pura Raza Galega autochthonous horses (G-T and G-P) were dewormed pour-on (1mg Ivermectin/kg bw) at the beginning of the trial, and other group (G-C) remained untreated. The G-P was provided daily with commercial pellets to which was added a mixture of fungal spores during the industrial manufacturing (2×106 spores of Mucor circinelloides and same dose of Duddingtonia flagrans/kg), and G-T and G-C received pellets without spores. The efficacy of the parasiticidal strategy was assessed by estimating the reduction in the faecal egg counts (FECR) and in the number of horses shedding eggs in the faeces (PHR), and also the egg reappearance periods (ERP). Blood analyses were performed to identify the changes in the red and white cell patterns. To ascertain if horses developed an IgG humoral response against the fungi, antigenic products collected from M. circinelloides and D. flagrans were exposed to the horse sera by using an ELISA. The faecal elimination of eggs of Parascaris equorum and strongyles ceased 2 weeks after treatment in G-T and G-P, thus the values of FECR and PHR were 100%. No P. equorum-eggs were detected later, and the strongyle egg reappearance period was 28 weeks in G-P, and 8 weeks in G-T. Strongyle egg-output values remained lower than 300 eggs per gram of faeces in the G-P, whereas numbers between 330 and 772 in G-C and G-T were recorded. Normal values for the erythrocytes, haemoglobin and haematocrit in horses consuming pellets with spores were recorded, and lower than normal in the other groups. Sensitization of horses to the fungal species was disproven. It is concluded that feeding horses with pellets industrially manufactured with fungal spores represents a very useful tool to implement an integrated control of helminths affecting horses. This strategy allows a decrease in their risk of infection, aids in reducing the frequency of anthelmintic treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Ángel Hernández
- Equine Diseases Study Group (COPAR, GI-2120), Animal Pathology Department, Veterinary Faculty, Santiago de Compostela University, 27002-Lugo Spain
| | - Fabián Leonardo Arroyo
- Equine Diseases Study Group (COPAR, GI-2120), Animal Pathology Department, Veterinary Faculty, Santiago de Compostela University, 27002-Lugo Spain
| | - José Suárez
- Equine Diseases Study Group (COPAR, GI-2120), Animal Pathology Department, Veterinary Faculty, Santiago de Compostela University, 27002-Lugo Spain
| | - Cristiana Filipa Cazapal-Monteiro
- Equine Diseases Study Group (COPAR, GI-2120), Animal Pathology Department, Veterinary Faculty, Santiago de Compostela University, 27002-Lugo Spain
| | - Ángel Romasanta
- Equine Diseases Study Group (COPAR, GI-2120), Animal Pathology Department, Veterinary Faculty, Santiago de Compostela University, 27002-Lugo Spain
| | - María Eugenia López-Arellano
- Equine Diseases Study Group (COPAR, GI-2120), Animal Pathology Department, Veterinary Faculty, Santiago de Compostela University, 27002-Lugo Spain
| | - José Pedreira
- Equine Diseases Study Group (COPAR, GI-2120), Animal Pathology Department, Veterinary Faculty, Santiago de Compostela University, 27002-Lugo Spain
| | - Luis Manuel Madeira de Carvalho
- Equine Diseases Study Group (COPAR, GI-2120), Animal Pathology Department, Veterinary Faculty, Santiago de Compostela University, 27002-Lugo Spain
| | - Rita Sánchez-Andrade
- Equine Diseases Study Group (COPAR, GI-2120), Animal Pathology Department, Veterinary Faculty, Santiago de Compostela University, 27002-Lugo Spain
| | - María Sol Arias
- Equine Diseases Study Group (COPAR, GI-2120), Animal Pathology Department, Veterinary Faculty, Santiago de Compostela University, 27002-Lugo Spain
| | - Pedro Mendoza de Gives
- Equine Diseases Study Group (COPAR, GI-2120), Animal Pathology Department, Veterinary Faculty, Santiago de Compostela University, 27002-Lugo Spain
| | - Adolfo Paz-Silva
- Equine Diseases Study Group (COPAR, GI-2120), Animal Pathology Department, Veterinary Faculty, Santiago de Compostela University, 27002-Lugo Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Longo Ribeiro Vilela V, Feitosa TF, Braga FR, de Araújo JV, dos Santos A, de Morais DF, de Oliveira Souto DV, Athayde ACR. Coadministration of nematophagous fungi for biological control over gastrointestinal helminths in sheep in the semiarid region of northeastern Brazil. Vet Parasitol 2016; 221:139-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2016.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
8
|
Silva MED, Braga FR, Borges LA, Oliveira PD, Lima WDS, Araújo JVD. Producción de conidios y clamidosporas de los hongos Duddingtonia flagrans y Monacrosporium thaumasium en diferentes medios sólidos. ARQUIVOS DO INSTITUTO BIOLÓGICO 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1808-1657000942013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMEN Las especies Duddingtonia flagrans y Monacrosporium thaumasium son micro-hongos considerados promisorios agentes del control biológico de parásitos. Bajo condiciones adversas como la falta de nutrientes, estos hongos producen esporas capaces de sobrevivieren después de pasar por el tracto gastrointestinal de los animales. La formación de estas estructuras es una característica deseable ya que promueve la sobrevivencia y la diseminación de los hongos para propósitos de biocontrol. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la producción de esporas de dos especies de hongos nematófagos D. flagrans (aislados AC001 y CG722) y M. thaumasium (NF34A). Estos fueron cultivados en los subproductos agroindustriales, que tenían el intento de identificar el mejor medio para uso en programas de biocontrol de nematodos. Diferentes volúmenes (10, 15 y 20 mL) de masa micelial fueron utilizados como inóculos iniciales y adicionados a 100 gramos de medios de crecimientos sólidos (sémola de arroz - QA; sémola de maíz - QM; bagazo de caña - BC; paja de arroz - PA y cascara de café - CC) y mantenidos a 25°C en la obscuridad para evaluar la producción de esporas. Los aislados AC001 y CG722 mostraron las mejores producciones en el medio de la QA (p<0,05). El volumen de 20 mL de masa micelial utilizado como inóculo inicial proporcionó una mayor recuperación de esporas. El aislado NF34A presentó una baja o nula producción de estructuras reproductivas en los diferentes volúmenes y medios de crecimientos utilizados. La mejor producción de esporas se obtuvo utilizando subproductos de la agroindustria con mayor densidad proteica y energética.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manoel Eduardo da Silva
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Brazil; Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
Horses can harbor a large amount of parasites that may cause serious clinical signs even death. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predatory activity of the fungus Duddingtonia flagrans against infective larvae (L3) of gastrointestinal nematodes of horses in fecal culture. The experimental design was completely randomized with three treated groups (G1, G2 and G3) and one control (CG), using eight animals/group. The treated animals received G1: 1.5 × 10(5); G2: 3 × 10(5) and G3: 6 × 10(5) chlamydospores of D. flagrans/kg body weight during 21 days. The fungi preparation was given at every other three-day interval. Faecal samples were collected during 30 days, on the same interval, to perform the fecal egg counts (EPG) and fecal culture for each horse. All groups demonstrated similar results for the EPG (P > 0.05) counts. D. flagrans significantly reduced (P < 0.05) the number of infective larvae after 72 h-interval between treatments. The G2 and G3 promoted higher results (P < 0.05) of L3 reduction compared to the CG. The biological control with the predacious fungi D. flagrans is still a promising free-living parasite regulator alternative to be use in livestock.
Collapse
|
10
|
Braga FR, Araújo JVD, Soares FEDF, Araujo JM, Ferreira SR, Tavela ADO, Silveira WFD, Queiroz JHD. Proteolytic action of the crude extract of Duddingtonia flagrans on cyathostomins (Nematoda: Cyathostominae) in coprocultures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 22:143-6. [PMID: 24252960 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612013000100026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2012] [Accepted: 05/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the action of the crude extract of Duddingtonia flagrans (isolates AC001 and CG722) on infective larvae (L3) of cyathostomins in coprocultures and to confirm its proteolytic activity by means of a zymogram. The following groups were formed in coprocultures: Group 1: 10 mL of crude extract of D. flagrans (AC001); group 2: 10 mL of crude extract of AC001 with 10 mM of Ca2+; group 3: 10 mL of crude extract of D. flagrans (CG722); group 4: 10 mL of crude extract of CG722 with 10 mM of Ca2+; and group 5: control group (distilled water). The third-stage larvae (L3) were obtained after eight days. The crude extract of D. flagrans was effective in reducing the number of L3, with the following percentage reductions: group 1, 49.5%; group 2, 52.5%; group 3, 36.8%; and group 4, 57.7%; in relation to the control group (p > 0.05). The proteolytic activity of the crude extract was confirmed through the zymogram. The results from this study confirmed that the crude extract of the fungus D. flagrans could be used for controlling cyathostomin L3, and suggested that at least one protease of approximately 38 kDa was present.
Collapse
|
11
|
Nematophagous fungi for biological control of gastrointestinal nematodes in domestic animals. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 98:71-82. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5366-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
12
|
Tavela ADO, de Araújo JV, Braga FR, da Silveira WF, Dornelas e Silva VH, Carretta Júnior M, Borges LA, Araujo JM, Benjamin LDA, Carvalho GR, de Paula AT. Coadministration of sodium alginate pellets containing the fungi Duddingtonia flagrans and Monacrosporium thaumasium on cyathostomin infective larvae after passing through the gastrointestinal tract of horses. Res Vet Sci 2013; 94:568-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2012.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Revised: 09/30/2012] [Accepted: 11/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
13
|
Braga FR, Araújo JV, Tavela ADO, Vilela VLR, Soares FEDF, Araujo JM, Magalhães LQ, Silveira WFD, Feitosa TF, Dantas ES, Atahyde ACR. First report of interaction of nematophagous fungi onLibyostrongylus douglassii (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae). REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA 2013; 22:147-51. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612013000100027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Accepted: 05/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Libyostrongylus douglassii is a gastrointestinal nematode parasite of ostriches that can cause up to 50% mortality in young birds. The objective of this study was to compare the predatory capacity of two isolates of the predatory fungi Duddingtonia flagrans(AC001 and CG722 isolates) and one of Arthrobotrys cladodes (CG719) on infective larvae (L3) of L. douglassii under laboratory conditions, in 2% water-agar medium. The results showed that the fungi tested were effective in preying upon the L3 of L. douglassii (P < 0.05), compared with the control group. However, there was no difference in predatory capacity between the fungi tested (P > 0.05) during the seven days of experimental testing. In comparison with the control, without fungus, there were significant decreases (P < 0.05) of 85.2% (AC001), 81.2% (CG722) and 89.2% (CG719) in the average numbers of L3 of L. douglassii recovered from treatments with the isolates tested. In the present study, the three isolates of the predatory fungi D. flagrans (AC001 and CG722) andA. cladodes (CG719) were efficient at in vitro destruction of the L3 of L. douglassii.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Ribeiro Braga
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa – UFV, Brasil; Universidade Vila Velha – UVV, Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Silva MED, Araújo JVD, Braga FR, Freitas Soares FED, Rodrigues DS. Control of infective larvae of gastrointestinal nematodes in heifers using different isolates of nematophagous fungi. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA 2013; 22:78-83. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612013005000012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The effect of different nematophagous fungi [Duddingtonia flagrans (AC001 and CG722) and Monacrosporium thaumasium (NF34)] with regard to controlling infective larvae (L3) of nematodes after gastrointestinal transit in female cattle (3/4 Holstein × Zebu) was evaluated. A total of 24 pubescent female cattle were used, weighing approximately 320 kg each one. There were three treatment groups, each contained six animals that received 150 g of pellets (0.2 g of mycelium), orally in a single dose, in a sodium alginate matrix containing mycelial mass of the fungus D. flagrans (AC001 or CG722) or M. thaumasium (NF34); and one control group (without fungi). Fecal samples were collected from the animals at intervals of 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 48, and 72 hours. At the end of 17 days, the L3 not subjected to predation were recovered by means of the Baermann method. The fungal isolates tested were capable of destroying the L3 after gastrointestinal transit. It was observed that within 72 hours, the isolates AC001, CG722, and NF34 showed a higher predatory activity (81.2%, 97.3%, and 98.3%, respectively). The results justify the need for studies in the field, and over longer intervals, in order to observe the efficiency of the fungus D. flagrans, or even M. thaumasium, for environmental control over nematodes in naturally infected cattle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manoel Eduardo da Silva
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa – UFV, Brasil; Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais – EPAMIG, Brasil
| | | | - Fabio Ribeiro Braga
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa – UFV, Brasil; Universidade Vila Velha – UVV, Brasil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Efficacy of Monacrosporium thaumasium in the control of goat gastrointestinal helminthiasis in a semi-arid region of Brazil. Parasitol Res 2012; 112:871-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-012-3078-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Accepted: 08/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
16
|
Biological control of goat gastrointestinal helminthiasis by Duddingtonia flagrans in a semi-arid region of the northeastern Brazil. Vet Parasitol 2012; 188:127-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2011] [Revised: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 02/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
17
|
Araujo JM, Araújo JVD, Braga FR, Tavela ADO, Ferreira SR, Soares FEDF, Carvalho GR. Control of Strongyloides westeri by nematophagous fungi after passage through the gastrointestinal tract of donkeys. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA 2012; 21:157-60. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612012000200016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Strongyloides westeri is the most prevalent nematode among equines aged up to four months and causes gastrointestinal disorders. The objective of this study was to observe the control of infective S. westeri larvae (L3) by the nematophagous fungi Duddingtonia flagrans (AC001) and Monacrosporium thaumasium (NF34) after passage through the gastrointestinal tract of female donkeys. Twelve dewormed female donkeys that were kept in stables were used. Two treatment groups each comprising four animals received orally 100 g of pellets made of sodium alginate matrix containing a mycelial mass of either D. flagrans (AC001) or M. thaumasium (NF34). The control group consisted of four animals that received pellets without fungus. Feces samples were then collected from the animal groups at different times (after 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours). These feces were placed in Petri dishes containing 2% water-agar medium and 1000 L3 of S. westeri. AC001 and NF34 isolates showed the ability to destroy the L3, after gastrointestinal transit, thus demonstrating their viability and predatory activity.
Collapse
|
18
|
Hongos nematófagos utilizados para el control biológico de nematodos gastrointestinales en el ganado y sus formas de administración. Rev Iberoam Micol 2011; 28:143-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.riam.2011.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2011] [Revised: 05/31/2011] [Accepted: 06/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
19
|
Ferreira SR, de Araújo JV, Braga FR, Araujo JM, Frassy LN, Ferreira AS. Biological control of Ascaris suum eggs by Pochonia chlamydosporia fungus. Vet Res Commun 2011; 35:553-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11259-011-9494-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
20
|
Dias AS, Araújo JV, Braga FR, Araujo JM, Puppin AC, Fernandes FM, Ramos RF, Bertonceli RM, da Silva RG, Perboni WR. Biological control of Fasciola hepatica eggs with the Pochonia chlamydosporia fungus after passing through the cattle gastrointestinal tract. Parasitol Res 2011; 110:663-7. [PMID: 21773773 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-011-2538-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2011] [Accepted: 06/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Fasciolosis is a disease caused by Fasciola hepatica responsible for causing significant losses in livestock. This study aimed to evaluate the Pochonia chlamydosporia fungus (isolate VC1) on F. hepatica eggs after passing through the cattle gastrointestinal tract. For this evaluation, 1 g pellet was given in sodium alginate matrix per kilogram live weight containing 25% of fungal mycelium from isolate VC1 per animal. Twelve animals were used, six treated and six untreated (control). Some stool samples were collected from the groups of treated and control animals, at the times of 12, 18, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after the pellets' administration. Then, from each stool sample of treated and control groups, 2 g was placed in a Petri dish of 9 cm in diameter, containing 2% water-agar and 1,000 eggs of F. hepatica. It was observed that the fungus was effective in preying upon the eggs in the samples recovered at all of the schedules starting at 12 h. Furthermore, differences were observed (p < 0.01) in the destruction of eggs in the Petri dishes in the treated group compared with the control group. The ovicidal effect was observed after 7 days of interaction. The ovicidal P. chlamydosporia fungus was effective in destroying F. hepatica eggs; therefore, it is suggested that this fungus could be employed as agent for the control of helminth eggs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anderson S Dias
- Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-000, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Paz-Silva A, Francisco I, Valero-Coss R, Cortiñas F, Sánchez J, Francisco R, Arias M, Suárez J, López-Arellano M, Sánchez-Andrade R, de Gives PM. Ability of the fungus Duddingtonia flagrans to adapt to the cyathostomin egg-output by spreading chlamydospores. Vet Parasitol 2011; 179:277-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2010] [Revised: 02/09/2011] [Accepted: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|