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miRNA-21 regulates CD69 and IL-10 expression in canine leishmaniasis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265192. [PMID: 35324917 PMCID: PMC8947396 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniasis in humans is a chronic and fatal disease if left untreated. Canine leishmaniasis (CanL) is a severe public health problem because infected animals are powerful transmitters of the parasite to humans via phlebotomine vectors. Therefore, dogs are an essential target for control measures. Progression of canine infection is accompanied by failure of cellular immunity with reduction of circulating lymphocytes and increased cytokines that suppress macrophage function. Studies showed that the regulation of the effector function of macrophages and T cells appears to depend on miRNAs; miRNA-21 (miR-21) shows increased expression in splenic leukocytes of dogs with CanL and targets genes related to the immune response. Mimics and inhibitors of miR-21 were used in vitro to transfect splenic leukocytes from dogs with CanL. After transfection, expression levels of the proteins FAS, FASL, CD69, CCR7, TNF-α, IL-17, IFN-γ, and IL-10 were measured. FAS, FASL, CD69, and CCR7 expression levels decreased in splenic leukocytes from dogs with CanL. The miR-21 mimic decreased CD69 expression in splenic leukocytes from CanL and healthy groups. The miR-21 inhibitor decreased IL-10 levels in culture supernatants from splenic leukocytes in the CanL group. These findings suggest that miR-21 alters the immune response in CanL; therefore, miR-21 could be used as a possible therapeutic target for CanL.
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Cytokines and splenic remodelling during Leishmania donovani infection. Cytokine X 2020; 2:100036. [PMID: 33604560 PMCID: PMC7885873 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytox.2020.100036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniasis leads to extensive remodelling of splenic microarchitecture. Splenomegaly is associated with compartmentalised vascular remodelling. Alterations in white pulp stromal cells affects leucocyte segregation. Splenic remodelling involves multiple cytokines from diverse cellular sources. Understanding splenic remodelling may lead to new therapeutic interventions.
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) causes extensive splenic pathology that contributes to dysfunctional immune responses, in part through displacement and destruction of cell populations involved in maintaining splenic structural integrity. The expression of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines is crucial in orchestrating the delicate balance that exists between host resistance and tissue pathology. In an effort to restore homeostatic balance to the local microenvironment, remodelling of the splenic architecture occurs in a compartmentalised manner to retain some level of functionality, despite persistent inflammatory pressures. Animal models of VL as well as human studies have significantly contributed to our understanding of the architectural changes that occur in the spleen during VL. Here, we review the role of cytokines in mediating microarchitectural changes associated with the development of splenomegaly during VL.
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Induction of miR 21 impairs the anti-Leishmania response through inhibition of IL-12 in canine splenic leukocytes. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0226192. [PMID: 31825987 PMCID: PMC6905561 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Visceral Leishmaniasis is a chronic zoonosis and, if left untreated, can be fatal. Infected dogs have decreased cellular immunity (Th1) and develop a potent humoral response (Th2), which is not effective for elimination of the protozoan. Immune response can be modulated by microRNAs (miRNAs), however, characterization of miRNAs and their possible regulatory role in the spleen of infected dogs have not been done. We evaluated miRNA expression in splenic leukocytes (SL) from dogs naturally infected with Leishmania infantum and developing leishmaniasis (CanL; n = 8) compared to healthy dogs (n = 4). Microarray analysis showed increased expression of miR 21, miR 148a, miR 7 and miR 615, and downregulation of miR 150, miR 125a and miR 125b. Real-time PCR validated the differential expression of miR 21, miR 148a and miR 615. Further, decrease of miR 21 in SL, by means of transfection with a miR 21 inhibitor, increased the IL-12 cytokine and the T-bet/GATA-3 ratio, and decreased parasite load on SL of dogs with CanL. Taken together, these findings suggest that L. infantum infection alters splenic expression of miRNAs and that miR 21 interferes in the cellular immune response of L. infantum-infected dogs, placing this miRNA as a possible therapeutic target in CanL.
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Ordeix L, Montserrat-Sangrà S, Martínez-Orellana P, Baxarias M, Solano-Gallego L. Toll-like receptors 2, 4 and 7, interferon-gamma and interleukin 10, and programmed death ligand 1 transcripts in skin from dogs of different clinical stages of leishmaniosis. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:575. [PMID: 31806038 PMCID: PMC6894470 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3827-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Canine leishmaniosis (CanL) caused by Leishmania infantum can have several dermatological manifestations. The type of immune response elicited against the parasite appears to be at the basis for such clinical variability. Much of the work in CanL has focused on adaptive immune response and there are scarce data on the importance of the innate immune responses. Moreover, few studies have evaluated the immunological response in the cutaneous lesions in dogs naturally infected with L. infantum and with different degrees of disease severity, and no study has compared clinically-lesioned with normal-looking skin. Methods We determined and compared the transcription of toll like receptors (TLRs) 2, 4 and 7, interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL) 10 and programmed cell death protein ligand (PD-L) 1 by real-time PCR in paired clinically-lesioned and normal-looking skin from 25 diseased dogs (mild disease-stage I (n = 11) and moderate to severe disease-stages II and III (n = 14) as well as in normal-looking skin from healthy dogs (n = 10) from a non-endemic area. We also assessed the association between the transcripts in clinically-lesioned and normal-looking skin of dogs with leishmaniosis with clinicopathological, immunological and parasitological findings. Results Clinically-lesioned skin from mildly affected dogs was characterized by a significant upregulation of TLR2 (P < 0.0001) and IL-10 (P = 0.021) and downregulation of TLR7 (P = 0.004) when compared with more severely affected dogs. Normal-looking skin of mildly affected dogs was characterized by a significant lower expression of TLR7 (P = 0.003), IFN-γ (P < 0.0001) and PD-L1 (P = 0.001) when compared with more severely affected dogs. TLR2, TLR4, IL-10 and IFN-γ upregulation in clinically-lesioned skin was correlated with lower disease severity while TLR7 upregulation was correlated with markers of disease severity. Upregulation of TLR7, IL-10, IFN-γ and PD-L1 in normal-looking skin was correlated with disease severity. Conclusions This study demonstrated different expression profiles of immune genes in clinically-lesioned and normal-looking skin among mildly and more severely affected dogs. These immunological conditions might favor the maintenance and replication of the parasite in the skin of more severely affected dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ordeix
- Department de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Hospital Clínic Veterinari, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Sara Montserrat-Sangrà
- Department de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Pamela Martínez-Orellana
- Department de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Marta Baxarias
- Department de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Laia Solano-Gallego
- Department de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
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Bragato JP, Melo LM, Venturin GL, Rebech GT, Garcia LE, Lopes FL, de Lima VMF. Relationship of peripheral blood mononuclear cells miRNA expression and parasitic load in canine visceral leishmaniasis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206876. [PMID: 30517108 PMCID: PMC6281177 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in humans is a chronic and often fatal disease if left untreated. Dogs appear to be the main reservoir host for L. infantum infection, however, in many regions other canids such as jackals, foxes, wolves and other mammals, such as hares or black rats, have been implicated as wild reservoirs. Most dogs cannot form an effective immune response against this infection, and this could be modulated by small non-coding RNAs, called microRNAs, responsible for post-transcriptional control of gene expression. Here, we evaluated the expression of miRNAs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of symptomatic dogs naturally infected with Leishmania (L.) infantum (n = 10) and compared to those of healthy dogs (n = 5). Microarray analysis revealed that miR-21, miR-424, miR-194 and miR-451 had a 3-fold increase in expression, miR-192, miR-503, and miR-371 had a 2-fold increase in expression, whereas a 2-fold reduction in expression was observed for miR-150 and miR-574. Real-time PCR validated the differential expression of miR-21, miR-150, miR-451, miR-192, miR-194, and miR-371. Parasite load of PBMC was measured by real-time PCR and correlated to the differentially expressed miRNAs, showing a strong positive correlation with expression of miR-194, a regular positive correlation with miR-371 expression, and a moderate negative correlation with miR-150 expression in PBMC. These findings suggest that Leishmania infection interferes with miRNAs expression in PBMC, and their correlation with parasite load may help in the identification of therapeutic targets in Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis (CVL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline Poleto Bragato
- Department of Animal Clinic, Surgery and Reproduction, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Larissa Martins Melo
- Department of Animal Clinic, Surgery and Reproduction, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Lovizutto Venturin
- Department of Animal Clinic, Surgery and Reproduction, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Torres Rebech
- Department of Animal Clinic, Surgery and Reproduction, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro Encarnação Garcia
- Department of Support, Production and Animal Health, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flavia Lombardi Lopes
- Department of Support, Production and Animal Health, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Valéria Marçal Felix de Lima
- Department of Animal Clinic, Surgery and Reproduction, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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de Martini CC, de Andrade JT, de Almeida SKM, Oliveira Silva KL, de Rezende Eugenio F, Dos Santos PSP, de Lima VMF. Cellular apoptosis and nitric oxide production in PBMC and spleen from dogs with visceral leishmaniasis. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2018; 57:1-7. [PMID: 30017072 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is involved in the death of the Leishmania parasite and regulation of apoptosis. We quantified the frequency of cells producing NO and its levels in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), leukocytes from spleen in Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) symptomatic dogs and correlated NO levels with apoptosis and parasite load in the spleen. The percentage of NO+ cells and CD14+/NO+ was higher in PBMC and spleen cells in infected dogs than in controls. The levels of NO+ and CD14+/NO+ cells was higher in PBMC, but lower spleen of dogs infected than compared to control. Late apoptosis rates increased in PBMC and spleen of infected dogs compared to controls, and the NO levels and apoptosis not showed correlation. There was a positive correlation between the percentage of cells producing NO in the spleen and parasite load. The NO participates in the immune response in the canine VL, but it is not apoptosis inducer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cleber Costa de Martini
- Department of Clinical Care, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Araçatuba, Universidade Estadual Paulista, "Julio de Mesquita Filho", FMVA/UNESP, Rua Clovis Pestana, 793, Araçatuba, São Paulo, CEP 16050-680, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Thomé de Andrade
- Department of Clinical Care, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Araçatuba, Universidade Estadual Paulista, "Julio de Mesquita Filho", FMVA/UNESP, Rua Clovis Pestana, 793, Araçatuba, São Paulo, CEP 16050-680, Brazil
| | - Stéfani Karin Martiniano de Almeida
- Department of Clinical Care, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Araçatuba, Universidade Estadual Paulista, "Julio de Mesquita Filho", FMVA/UNESP, Rua Clovis Pestana, 793, Araçatuba, São Paulo, CEP 16050-680, Brazil
| | - Kathlenn Liezbeth Oliveira Silva
- Department of Clinical Care, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Araçatuba, Universidade Estadual Paulista, "Julio de Mesquita Filho", FMVA/UNESP, Rua Clovis Pestana, 793, Araçatuba, São Paulo, CEP 16050-680, Brazil
| | - Flavia de Rezende Eugenio
- Department of Clinical Care, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Araçatuba, Universidade Estadual Paulista, "Julio de Mesquita Filho", FMVA/UNESP, Rua Clovis Pestana, 793, Araçatuba, São Paulo, CEP 16050-680, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sergio Patto Dos Santos
- Department of Clinical Care, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Araçatuba, Universidade Estadual Paulista, "Julio de Mesquita Filho", FMVA/UNESP, Rua Clovis Pestana, 793, Araçatuba, São Paulo, CEP 16050-680, Brazil
| | - Valéria Marçal Felix de Lima
- Department of Clinical Care, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Araçatuba, Universidade Estadual Paulista, "Julio de Mesquita Filho", FMVA/UNESP, Rua Clovis Pestana, 793, Araçatuba, São Paulo, CEP 16050-680, Brazil.
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Chiku VM, Silva KLO, de Almeida BFM, Venturin GL, Leal AAC, de Martini CC, de Rezende Eugênio F, Dos Santos PSP, de Lima VMF. PD-1 function in apoptosis of T lymphocytes in canine visceral leishmaniasis. Immunobiology 2016; 221:879-88. [PMID: 27016050 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Dogs infected with Leishmania infantum have a reduced number of T lymphocytes. PD-1 (Programmed cell death 1) a new member of the B7-CD28 family that is expressed by immune cells, and its binding to PD-L1 (CD274) or PD-L2 (CD273) induces the deactivation or apoptosis of T cells. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of PD-1 and its ligands, as well as blocking in the induction of apoptosis in T lymphocytes, TNF-α, IL-4 and nitric oxide production by leucokocytes from PBMC and spleen and the parasite load in dogs with visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Our results showed that the expression of PD1 and its ligands was increased in CD3(+) T cells and CD21(+) B lymphocytes within the peripheral blood and splenic mononuclear cells of dogs with VL. In peripheral blood monocytes, only PD-1 ligands exhibited increased expression; however, in spleen macrophages, increased expression of both PD-1 and its ligands was observed. Levels of apoptosis in peripheral blood and splenic T lymphocytes were higher in dogs with VL compared to healthy dogs. Blocking monoclonal antibodies to PD-1 and its ligands in the culture of mononuclear cells from the peripheral blood and spleen decreased the amount of CD3(+) T lymphocyte apoptosis. The concentration of nitric oxide, TNF-α and IL-4 increased in the culture supernatants of peripheral blood mononuclear cells treated with a blocking monoclonal antibody against PD-1. The TNF-α concentration increased in the culture supernatants of splenic cells following all treatments with antibodies blocking PD-1 and its ligands; however, the amount of IL-4 increased only in the presence of a PD-1 blocking agent. Treatment with a PD-1 blocking monoclonal antibody in the mononuclear peripheral blood of dogs with VL reduced the parasite burden while increased TNF-α. We conclude that in canine visceral leishmaniasis, PD-1 and its ligands are involved in the induction of T lymphocyte apoptosis and in regulating the production of nitric oxide, TNF-α, and IL-4, as well as the parasitic load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Marim Chiku
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Araçatuba, Universidade Estadual Paulista, "Julio de Mesquita Filho", FMVA/UNESP, Rua Clovis Pestana, 793, Araçatuba, São Paulo CEP 16050-680, Brazil
| | - Kathlenn Liezbeth Oliveira Silva
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Araçatuba, Universidade Estadual Paulista, "Julio de Mesquita Filho", FMVA/UNESP, Rua Clovis Pestana, 793, Araçatuba, São Paulo CEP 16050-680, Brazil
| | - Breno Fernando Martins de Almeida
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Araçatuba, Universidade Estadual Paulista, "Julio de Mesquita Filho", FMVA/UNESP, Rua Clovis Pestana, 793, Araçatuba, São Paulo CEP 16050-680, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Lovizutto Venturin
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Araçatuba, Universidade Estadual Paulista, "Julio de Mesquita Filho", FMVA/UNESP, Rua Clovis Pestana, 793, Araçatuba, São Paulo CEP 16050-680, Brazil
| | - Aline Aparecida Correa Leal
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Araçatuba, Universidade Estadual Paulista, "Julio de Mesquita Filho", FMVA/UNESP, Rua Clovis Pestana, 793, Araçatuba, São Paulo CEP 16050-680, Brazil
| | - Cleber Costa de Martini
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Araçatuba, Universidade Estadual Paulista, "Julio de Mesquita Filho", FMVA/UNESP, Rua Clovis Pestana, 793, Araçatuba, São Paulo CEP 16050-680, Brazil
| | - Flavia de Rezende Eugênio
- Department of Clinical Care, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Araçatuba, Universidade Estadual Paulista, "Julio de Mesquita Filho", FMVA/UNESP, Rua Clovis Pestana, 793, Araçatuba, São Paulo CEP 16050-680, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sergio Patto Dos Santos
- Department of Clinical Care, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Araçatuba, Universidade Estadual Paulista, "Julio de Mesquita Filho", FMVA/UNESP, Rua Clovis Pestana, 793, Araçatuba, São Paulo CEP 16050-680, Brazil
| | - Valéria Marçal Felix de Lima
- Department of Clinical Care, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Araçatuba, Universidade Estadual Paulista, "Julio de Mesquita Filho", FMVA/UNESP, Rua Clovis Pestana, 793, Araçatuba, São Paulo CEP 16050-680, Brazil.
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Alteration of sFAS and sFAS ligand expression during canine visceral leishmaniosis. Vet Parasitol 2014; 205:417-23. [PMID: 25260330 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniosis (VL) is caused by intracellular parasites of the genus Leishmania that affect humans and several animal species. Dogs are one of the main urban reservoirs of Leishmania infantum and play a central role in the transmission cycle to humans via sandflies. CD3+ cells apoptosis is involved in the immune response in VL. Dysregulation of apoptosis has been implicated in various disease states. An important regulator of apoptosis is the FAS-FAS-associated death domain protein (cluster of differentiation 95 - CD95) and FASL-FAS ligand protein (cluster of differentiation 178 - CD178) system involved in the down-regulation of immune reactions and in T cell-mediated cytotoxicity. FAS is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor super family, which can be expressed in transmembrane or soluble forms. The soluble levels of FAS (sFAS), FASL (sFASL) and active Caspase-3, this last related to apoptotic cascade, were investigated in the spleen of 19 symptomatic dogs presenting moderate VL and 6 healthy dogs, determined by ELISA assay. The splenic parasite load was determined by real-time PCR monitoring of amplification of the intergenic internal transcribed spacer (ITS1) gene of parasite rRNA. sFAS levels were lower (p<0.05). sFASL and active Caspase-3 levels were higher (p<0.05) in dogs with VL compared with controls. Negative correlation was observed between parasite burden and sFASL levels. The increase in sFASL could be related to the mechanism involved in the elimination of the parasite.
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Gu J, Lu L, Chen M, Xu L, Lan Q, Li Q, Liu Z, Chen G, Wang P, Wang X, Brand D, Olsen N, Zheng SG. TGF-β-induced CD4+Foxp3+ T cells attenuate acute graft-versus-host disease by suppressing expansion and killing of effector CD8+ cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 193:3388-97. [PMID: 25156367 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1400207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The use of TGF-β-induced CD4(+)Foxp3(+) T cells (induced regulatory T cells [iTregs]) is an important prevention and treatment strategy in autoimmune diseases and other disorders. However, the potential use of iTregs as a treatment modality for acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) has not been realized because they may be unstable and less suppressive in this disease. We restudied the ability of iTregs to prevent and treat aGVHD in two mouse models. Our results showed that, as long as an appropriate iTreg-generation protocol is used, these iTregs consistently displayed a potent ability to control aGVHD development and reduce mortality in the aGVHD animal models. iTreg infusion markedly suppressed the engraftment of donor CD8(+) cells and CD4(+) cells, the expression of granzyme A and B, the cytotoxic effect of donor CD8(+) cells, and the production of T cell cytokines in aGVHD. Therefore, we conclude that as long as the correct methods for generating iTregs are used, they can prevent and even treat aGVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gu
- Department of Liver Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China; Division of Rheumatology, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033; Clinical Immunology Section, Third Affiliated Hospital at Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Ling Lu
- Department of Liver Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Maogen Chen
- Organ Transplant Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Lili Xu
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Qin Lan
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China; and
| | - Qiang Li
- Organ Transplant Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China; and
| | - Guihua Chen
- Clinical Immunology Section, Third Affiliated Hospital at Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China;
| | - Xuehao Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - David Brand
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Memphis, TN 38104
| | - Nancy Olsen
- Division of Rheumatology, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Song Guo Zheng
- Division of Rheumatology, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033; Clinical Immunology Section, Third Affiliated Hospital at Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China;
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