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Sobral SA, Ferraz CM, Souza RIL, Queiroz LM, Reinó N, Junior OLF, Tobias FL, Correia JAL, Araújo JV, Vilela VRL, Soares FEF, Braga FR. Association between Duddingtonia flagrans, dimethylsulfoxide and ivermectin for the control of Rhabditis spp. in cattle. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:198. [PMID: 35666291 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03197-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cattle parasitic otitis caused by the nematode Rhabditis spp. is a serious health problem in Brazil, a situation which is confounded by lack of effective control measures. In vitro studies associating biological and chemical control as an alternative method showed promising results. The objective was to evaluate the combined use of Duddingtonia flagrans (AC001), 10% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), and 1.9% ivermectin for the in vivo control of Rhabditis spp., in naturally infected Gyr cattle. For this purpose, 48 animals, whose infection in both ears was diagnosed, were randomly assigned to 6 groups: group 1 (ivermectin 1.9%); group 2 (10% DMSO); group 3 (AC001); group 4 (ivermectin 1.9% + 10% DMSO w/v); group 5 (1.9% ivermectin + AC001 w/v); group 6 (10% DMSO + AC001 v/v). The treatments were performed in a single dose, in the right ears, with the left ears remaining untreated, as a control group. There was a significant reduction (p < 0.01) in the number of nematodes in the treated groups in relation to the control, with the following best efficacies: groups 1 and 2, 47% and 52.9%, respectively, 7 days after treatment; groups 3, 4, and 5, 47.8%, 48.6% and 36.7%, respectively, 14 days post-treatment; group 6, 38.4%, 21 days post-treatment. It was concluded that the combination of chemical compounds and D. flagrans in a single application was effective for the in vivo control of Rhabditis spp. in naturally infected cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samilla Alves Sobral
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Vila Velha - UVV, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | - Carolina Magri Ferraz
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Vila Velha - UVV, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | | | | | - Natália Reinó
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Vila Velha - UVV, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | | | - Fernando Luiz Tobias
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Vila Velha - UVV, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | | | - Jackson Victor Araújo
- Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fabio Ribeiro Braga
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Vila Velha - UVV, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
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Veloso FP, Rodrigues FDS, Madureira RC, Piranda EM, Tavares LER, Paiva F. Raillietia auris (Mesostigmata: Raillietiidae) in cattle in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA = BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY : ORGAO OFICIAL DO COLEGIO BRASILEIRO DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA 2022; 31:e003122. [PMID: 35674533 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612022032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Parasitic otitis in cattle, caused by mites, has been reported from several continents. The present study aimed to determine the distribution, prevalence, intensity, mean intensity, and range of the agent in cattle in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The samples were designed at random, with an acceptable margin of error of 3% and a confidence interval of 99%. A total of 449 animals were sampled immediately after slaughter from 34 different municipalities in the state using the technique of flushing both ear canals. Only Raillietia auris (Leidy, 1872) were found, with a prevalence of 98.6%, mean intensity of 53.78 mites/animal, and a range of 1-323. Impressively, the prevalence found was identical to another survey carried out 39 years ago in the same region. Details about the parasite intensity in different age categories of the animals are presented. The study demonstrates that the prevalence and intensity of infestation by Raillietia auris are high, and in older cattle are higher than young ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Paula Veloso
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - Fernando de Souza Rodrigues
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Londrina, PR, Brasil
| | | | - Eliane Mattos Piranda
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | | | - Fernando Paiva
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
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Bhat AH, Srivastava S, Rana A, Chaubey AK, Machado RAR, Abolafia J. Morphological, morphometrical, and molecular characterization of Metarhabditis amsactae (Ali, Pervez, Andrabi, Sharma and Verma, 2011) Sudhaus, 2011 (Rhabditida, Rhabditidae) from India and proposal of Metarhabditis longicaudata as a junior synonym of M. amsactae. J Nematol 2020; 52:e2020-116. [PMID: 33829202 PMCID: PMC8015365 DOI: 10.21307/jofnem-2020-116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A new population of Metarhabditis amsactae from India is morphologically, morphometrically, and molecularly characterized. This material is characterized by having 0.65 to 1.14 mm length, lips rounded, and grouped in pairs, stoma with metastegostoma bearing setose denticles, pharynx with metacorpus slightly swollen and fusiform, nerve ring, and excretory pore located at isthmus level, female reproductive system didelphic-amphidelphic with vulva equatorial, female tail conical-elongate with acute tip, male tail conical with large and robust posterior filiform part, spicules free with hooked manubrium slightly bent ventrad, gubernaculum with narrow corpus, bursa open leptoderan with eight genital papillae and phasmids posterior to the GP8. Molecular studies based on 18S and 28S rDNA genes are provided for the first time for the species. In addition, integrated morphological, morphometrical, and molecular characters are compared with other previous records of the species. According to our analysis, Metarhabditis longicaudata and other material described as different species are proposed as new junior synonyms of M. amsactae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aashaq Hussain Bhat
- Nematology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, India
- Government Degree College, Billawar, 184204, Kathua, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Shreyansh Srivastava
- Nematology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, India
| | - Aasha Rana
- Nematology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Chaubey
- Nematology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, India
| | - Ricardo A. R. Machado
- Experimental Biology Research Group, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Joaquín Abolafia
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
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Sobral SA, Ferreira BS, Senna CC, Ferraz CM, Moreira TF, Fidelis Junior OL, Hiura E, Tobias FL, Machado RZ, Araújo JVD, Braga FR. Rhabditis spp., in the Espírito Santo, State of Brazil and evaluation of biological control. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 28:333-337. [PMID: 31188945 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612019020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to describe occurrences of Rhabditis spp. causing parasitic otitis in dairy cattle of Gir breed in the state of Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil, and to evaluate the biological control of this nematode using the nematophagous fungi Duddingtonia flagrans (AC001) and Monacrosporium thaumasium (NF34). After nematode detection and collection, three groups were formed: two groups that were treated, respectively, with the fungal isolates; and a control group, without fungus. The treatments were as follows: (a) Petri dishes containing the culture medium 2% water agar (WA) + 250 nematodes + AC001; (b) Petri dishes containing 2% WA + 250 nematodes + NF34; and (c) Petri dishes containing only 2% WA + 250 nematodes. After seven days at 27 °C the treatments with fungi were able to capture and destroy the nematodes, with percentages of 82.0% (AC001) and 39.0% (NF34) in relation to the control group. The results demonstrate the occurrence of Rhabditis spp. after animals physical examination and that there was efficacy of the in vitro predatory activity of both fungal isolates. Thus, these results are important because they can assist in future in vivo control of this nematode in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samilla Alves Sobral
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Experimental e Controle Biológico, Universidade Vila Velha - UVV, Vila Velha, ES, Brasil
| | - Bruna Silva Ferreira
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Experimental e Controle Biológico, Universidade Vila Velha - UVV, Vila Velha, ES, Brasil
| | - Caio Colodette Senna
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Experimental e Controle Biológico, Universidade Vila Velha - UVV, Vila Velha, ES, Brasil
| | - Carolina Magri Ferraz
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Experimental e Controle Biológico, Universidade Vila Velha - UVV, Vila Velha, ES, Brasil
| | - Tiago Facury Moreira
- Departamento de Clínica de Animais de Grande Porte, Universidade Vila Velha - UVV, Vila Velha, ES, Brasil
| | - Otavio Luiz Fidelis Junior
- Departamento de Clínica de Animais de Grande Porte, Universidade Vila Velha - UVV, Vila Velha, ES, Brasil
| | - Emy Hiura
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Experimental e Controle Biológico, Universidade Vila Velha - UVV, Vila Velha, ES, Brasil
| | - Fernando Luiz Tobias
- Laboratório de Microbiologia, Universidade Vila Velha - UVV, Vila Velha, ES, Brasil
| | - Rosangela Zacarias Machado
- Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias de Jaboticabal - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Jackson Victor de Araújo
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Veterinária, Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| | - Fabio Ribeiro Braga
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Experimental e Controle Biológico, Universidade Vila Velha - UVV, Vila Velha, ES, Brasil
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Entomopathogenic nematodes in agricultural areas in Brazil. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45254. [PMID: 28382937 PMCID: PMC5382772 DOI: 10.1038/srep45254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) (Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae) can control pests due to the mutualistic association with bacteria that kill the host by septicemia and make the environment favorable for EPNs development and reproduction. The diversity of EPNs in Brazilian soils requires further study. The identification of EPNs, adapted to environmental and climatic conditions of cultivated areas is important for sustainable pest suppression in integrated management programs in agricultural areas of Brazil. The objective was to identify EPNs isolated from agricultural soils with annual, fruit and forest crops in Brazil. Soil samples were collected and stored in 250 ml glass vials. The nematodes were isolated from these samples with live bait traps ([Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvae]. Infective juveniles were collected with White traps and identified by DNA barcoding procedures by sequencing the D2/D3 expansion of the 28S rDNA region by PCR. EPNs identified in agricultural areas in Brazil were Heterorhabditis amazonensis, Metarhabditis rainai, Oscheios tipulae and Steinernema rarum. These species should be considered pest biocontrol agents in Brazilian agricultural areas.
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