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Modabbernia G, Meshgi B, Kinsley AC. Climatic variations and Fasciola: a review of impacts across the parasite life cycle. Parasitol Res 2024; 123:300. [PMID: 39145846 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-024-08319-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Fasciolosis, caused by the liver fluke Fasciola spp., is a significant parasitic disease of livestock and humans worldwide. Fasciola transmission and life cycle are highly dependent on climatic conditions, especially temperature and humidity. This dependency has gained significance in the context of ongoing climate change. This literature review examined evidence on the effects of temperature variability on the developmental stages of Fasciola spp. and the snail intermediate hosts. We reviewed free larval stages of Fasciola spp. development, as well as snail intermediate hosts, while investigating the climate-related factors influencing each stage. We found that Fasciola spp. egg hatching and development were inhibited below 10 °C and optimal between 20 and 30 °C, miracidia hatching time decreased with higher temperatures and cercarial shedding by snail hosts accelerated around 27 °C. Further, metacercarial viability declined at higher temperatures but was prolonged by higher humidity. Snail intermediate host growth rates peaked at 25 °C, and their susceptibility to Fasciola infection depends on temperature, underscoring its importance in transmission dynamics. Overall, the Fasciola life cycle and snail host development exhibit stage-specific temperature thresholds, indicating a complex relationship between temperature fluctuations and parasite transmission potential. This research highlights the key role of temperature and humidity on Fasciola spp. and snail development, shedding light on the potential consequences of climate change on their survival, development, and disease transmission. Data limitations, primarily from the scarcity of high-resolution climate-related experiments, should drive future research to enhance predictive models and deepen our understanding of the impact of climate change on this parasitic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galia Modabbernia
- Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1988 Fitch Ave., St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Behnam Meshgi
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amy C Kinsley
- Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1988 Fitch Ave., St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
- Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research Center (MAISRC), University of Minnesota, 1988 Fitch Ave., St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
- Institute On the Environment, University of Minnesota, 1988 Fitch Ave., St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
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2
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Opsal T, Denwood MJ, Hektoen L, Robertson LJ, Toftaker I. Estimation of diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of abattoir registrations and bulk tank milk ELISA as herd-level tests for Fasciola hepatica using Bayesian latent class modelling. Prev Vet Med 2024; 228:106213. [PMID: 38744092 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The common liver fluke, Fasciola hepatica, is a trematode parasite found worldwide, typically with a focal distribution due to its requirement for suitable climatic and environmental conditions to complete its lifecycle. Bovine fasciolosis causes suboptimal production and economic losses, including liver condemnation at slaughter. The lack of reliable diagnostic methods is a disadvantage to the increasing demand for surveillance and control. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of bulk tank milk (BTM) antibody testing and aggregated abattoir registrations (AAR) of liver fluke as herd-level tests for F. hepatica infection using Bayesian latent class models. Data from the abattoirs in 2019-2021 and BTM, sampled in the winter of 2020/2021, were collected from 437 herds on the southwest coast of Norway. The BTM samples were analysed with the SVANOVIR® F. hepatica-Ab ELISA test, with results given as an optical density ratio (ODR), and later dichotomized using the recommended cut-off value from the test manufacturer (ODR ≥0.3). Based on the BTM ELISA test, 47.8% of the herds tested positive. The AAR test was defined as the herd-level proportion of female slaughtered animals registered with liver fluke infection during the study period. For this test, three cut-offs were used (a proportion of 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2). The herds were split into two subpopulations ("Coastal" and "Inland"), which were expected to differ in true prevalence of F. hepatica infection based on climate-related and geographical factors. The diagnostic accuracies of both tests were estimated using Bayesian latent class models with minimally informative priors. Post-hoc analysis revealed that the maximum sum of sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) of the tests was achieved with a herd-level proportion of ≥0.1 registered with liver fluke as the AAR test. Using this cut-off, the median estimate for the diagnostic accuracy of the BTM ELISA was 90.4% (84.0-96.2 95% Posterior Credible Interval (PCI)) for Se and 95.3% (90.6-100% PCI) for Sp, while the median estimate of Se for AAR was 87.5% (81.4-93.1% PCI) and the median estimate of Sp for AAR was 91.0% (85.2-96.5% PCI). The cut-off evaluation of the SVANOVIR® F. hepatica-Ab ELISA test for BTM confirmed the manufacturer's recommended cut-off of ODR ≥0.3 to denote positive and negative herds. This study suggests that AAR and BTM ELISA test can be used as herd-level tools to monitor liver fluke infection, so that appropriate interventions against infection can be implemented as necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonje Opsal
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Universitetstunet 3, Ås, 1433, Norway.
| | - Matthew J Denwood
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Grønnegårdsvej 8, DK-1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Lisbeth Hektoen
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Universitetstunet 3, Ås, 1433, Norway
| | - Lucy J Robertson
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Universitetstunet 3, Ås 1433, Norway
| | - Ingrid Toftaker
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Universitetstunet 3, Ås, 1433, Norway
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3
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Neira G, Mera Y Sierra R, Cremaschi F, Sohaefer N, González M, Godoy D, Scarcella S. Blood parameters and parasite burden in cattle with chronic fascioliasis. Acta Trop 2024; 254:107200. [PMID: 38552997 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Fascioliasis is a trematodiasis that affects domestic and wild animals as well as humans worldwide. It is a well-recognized disease in livestock, were it produces serious economic losses. Yet in cattle, there is limited information about the burden of liver flukes and its relation to the eggs per gram shed to the environment. There is also lack of knowledge on the effect of parasite load in blood parameters of infected animals, which is important to evaluate the severity and progression of the disease. The objective of this work was to gain insight in these aspects. Cattle from Mendoza province, Argentina, were inspected at a farm and at the abattoir determining the presence or absence of Fasciola hepatica. Each animal was sampled for blood and feces and in the slaughterhouse the livers were inspected. Hematology and blood chemistry parameters were determined, feces were examined for F. hepatica eggs by a quantitative sedimentation technique and livers were thoroughly inspected to determine the number of flukes. Infected cattle presented a mild burden of liver flukes per animal, strongly correlated (r = 0.72) to the number of eggs per gram of feces. The total number of eggs (X̄=35,100) shed per animal to the environment and the type of livestock management techniques in the region exacerbate the role of cattle as efficient reservoirs of this disease. Statistically significant lower red blood cell, lymphocyte and neutrophil counts were observed in infected compared to uninfected animals. All hepatic parameters tested showed highly statistically significant differences (p < 0.001) as well as proteins by cause of rise of globulins in infected cattle. The correlation between the amount of flukes in the liver and the number of eggs per gram of faces indicates coprology as a reliable and cost-effective method to infer parasite burden. The impact of fascioliasis on blood parameters can be of aid for the veterinary practitioner on the assessment of this disease on cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela Neira
- Centro de Investigación en Parasitología Regional (CIPAR), Universidad Juan Agustín Maza, Avenida Acceso Este, Lateral Sur 2245, Guaymallén, Mendoza, Argentina, CP M5519; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), CP B7000GHG, Argentina.
| | - Roberto Mera Y Sierra
- Centro de Investigación en Parasitología Regional (CIPAR), Universidad Juan Agustín Maza, Avenida Acceso Este, Lateral Sur 2245, Guaymallén, Mendoza, Argentina, CP M5519
| | - Franco Cremaschi
- Centro de Investigación en Parasitología Regional (CIPAR), Universidad Juan Agustín Maza, Avenida Acceso Este, Lateral Sur 2245, Guaymallén, Mendoza, Argentina, CP M5519
| | - Noelia Sohaefer
- Centro de Investigación en Parasitología Regional (CIPAR), Universidad Juan Agustín Maza, Avenida Acceso Este, Lateral Sur 2245, Guaymallén, Mendoza, Argentina, CP M5519
| | - Mariana González
- Centro de Investigación en Parasitología Regional (CIPAR), Universidad Juan Agustín Maza, Avenida Acceso Este, Lateral Sur 2245, Guaymallén, Mendoza, Argentina, CP M5519
| | - Dayana Godoy
- Centro de Investigación en Parasitología Regional (CIPAR), Universidad Juan Agustín Maza, Avenida Acceso Este, Lateral Sur 2245, Guaymallén, Mendoza, Argentina, CP M5519; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), CP B7000GHG, Argentina
| | - Silvana Scarcella
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Celular, Centro de Investigaciones Veterinarias (CIVETAN-CONICET), Universidad del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Campus Universitario, Tandil, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, CP B7000GHG; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), CP B7000GHG, Argentina
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4
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González-Warleta M, Castro-Hermida JA, Figueira M, López J, Conesa D, López-Quílez A, Ubeira FM, Mezo M. Bayesian hierarchical modelling of the geospatial distribution of fasciolosis in dairy cattle and the impact on production: Application to the main milk-producing region (Galicia) in Spain. Vet Parasitol 2024; 325:110091. [PMID: 38056318 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2023.110091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Fasciolosis caused by Fasciola hepatica is a common parasitic infection among cattle in many countries. Although infected adult cows rarely show overt clinical signs, milk production may be impaired. Thus, significant production losses may occur in dairy herds with a high prevalence of fasciolosis. In this study, Bayesian hierarchical modelling was used to estimate the geospatial distribution of dairy cattle fasciolosis and its impact on milk production. The study was conducted in Galicia, the main milk producing region in Spain and a geographically heterogeneous area. The aims were: 1) to model the geospatial distribution of fasciolosis in dairy herds in the study area, 2) to identify clusters of herds with a high prevalence of fasciolosis, and 3) to assess the effect of fasciolosis on milk yield and quality. A large number of dairy cattle farms (n = 4907), of which 1660 provided production records, were surveyed. Fasciola infection status was determined by applying the MM3-SERO ELISA test to bulk tank milk samples. A high probability of infection was predicted in several zones, particularly in the centre, northeast and southeast of Galicia. Conversely, the predicted probability was very low in some parts of the northwest of the region. Infections with high within-herd prevalence (> 25% lactating cows infected) predominated. High within-herd prevalence was associated with loss of milk production (-1.387 kg/cow/ day, on average). No association between Fasciola infection and either milk fat or protein content was observed. This study has generated the first maps of the spatial distribution of the probability of Fasciola infection in dairy cattle herds in Galicia. The maps presented here can be used for reference purposes, enabling the design of better targeted fasciolosis control programmes in the region. Use of Bayesian hierarchical statistical analysis enabled us to ascertain the uncertainty of the predictions and to account for the spatial autocorrelation in the data. It also enabled us to generate maps showing the residual spatial variation in milk production, a topic that may deserve more detailed study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta González-Warleta
- Laboratorio de Parasitología, Centro de Investigaciones Agrarias de Mabegondo, AGACAL, Abegondo, A Coruña, Spain
| | - José Antonio Castro-Hermida
- Laboratorio de Parasitología, Centro de Investigaciones Agrarias de Mabegondo, AGACAL, Abegondo, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Mario Figueira
- Valencia Bayesian Research Group, Departament d'Estadística i Investigació Operativa, Universitat de València, València, Spain
| | - Jesúa López
- Valencia Bayesian Research Group, Departament d'Estadística i Investigació Operativa, Universitat de València, València, Spain
| | - David Conesa
- Valencia Bayesian Research Group, Departament d'Estadística i Investigació Operativa, Universitat de València, València, Spain
| | - Antonio López-Quílez
- Valencia Bayesian Research Group, Departament d'Estadística i Investigació Operativa, Universitat de València, València, Spain
| | - Florencio M Ubeira
- Laboratorio de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Institute of Research on Chemical and Biological Analysis (IAQBUS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Mercedes Mezo
- Laboratorio de Parasitología, Centro de Investigaciones Agrarias de Mabegondo, AGACAL, Abegondo, A Coruña, Spain.
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Oehm AW, Zablotski Y, Hoedemaker M, Campe A, Strube C, Jordan D, Springer A, Klawitter M, Knubben-Schweizer G. Associations of production characteristics with the on-farm presence of Fasciola hepatica in dairy cows vary across production levels and indicate differences between breeds. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294601. [PMID: 37976265 PMCID: PMC10656002 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Fasciola hepatica is one of the economically most important endoparasites in cattle production. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the relevance of production level on the associations of on-farm presence of F. hepatica with farm-level milk yield, milk fat, and milk protein in Holstein cows, a specialised dairy breed, and in Simmental cows, a dual purpose breed. Furthermore, we investigated whether differential associations were present depending on breed. Data from 560 dairy farms across Germany housing 93,672 cows were analysed. The presence of F. hepatica antibodies was determined via ELISA on bulk tank milk samples. Quantile regression was applied to model the median difference in milk yield, milk fat, and milk protein depending on the interaction of breed and fluke occurrence. Whereas a reduction in milk yield (-1,206 kg, p < 0.001), milk fat (-22.9 kg, p = 0.001), and milk protein (-41.6 kg, p <0.001) was evident on F. hepatica positive German Holstein farms, only milk fat (-33.8 kg, p = 0.01) and milk protein (-22.6 kg, p = 0.03) were affected on F. hepatica positive German Simmental farms. Subsequently, production traits were modelled within each of the two breeds for low, medium, and high producing farms in the presence of F. hepatica antibodies and of confounders. On Holstein farms, the presence of F. hepatica seropositivity was associated with lower production, while on German Simmental farms such an association was less evident. This work demonstrates that production level is relevant when assessing the associations between the exposure to F. hepatica with production characteristics. Moreover, both models indicate a breed dependence. This could point towards a differential F. hepatica resilience of specialised dairy breeds in comparison with dual purpose breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas W. Oehm
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Clinic for Ruminants with Ambulatory and Herd Health Services, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Yury Zablotski
- Clinic for Cattle, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Martina Hoedemaker
- Clinic for Cattle, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Amely Campe
- Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Information Processing, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christina Strube
- Institute for Parasitology, Centre for Infection Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Daniela Jordan
- Institute for Parasitology, Centre for Infection Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andrea Springer
- Institute for Parasitology, Centre for Infection Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Markus Klawitter
- Clinic for Ruminants and Swine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gabriela Knubben-Schweizer
- Clinic for Ruminants with Ambulatory and Herd Health Services, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Oberschleissheim, Germany
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Gröning H, Oksanen A, Skrzypczak T, Autio T. A survey for antibodies against Fasciola hepatica in cattle and sheep in finland indicates a low level of exposure. Acta Vet Scand 2023; 65:24. [PMID: 37349804 DOI: 10.1186/s13028-023-00688-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fasciolosis is a parasitic infection caused by the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica that can have a major economic impact on livestock industry. The prevalence of the disease has recently been increasing in many North European countries. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of antibody against F. hepatica in Finnish cattle herds and sheep flocks during 2019 by using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Randomly selected bulk tank milk samples were obtained from 660 dairy herds. Blood samples were collected at slaughterhouses from 1944 suckler cows from 309 herds and from 1120 sheep from 95 flocks. RESULTS Antibodies against F. hepatica were found in 0.45% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.15-1.33) of the dairy herds and 0.97% (95% CI: 0.33-2.82) of the suckler cow herds. The seropositive herds were located in eastern and central Finland. None of the sampled sheep flocks tested had antibodies against F. hepatica (95% CI: 0-3.89). The results of the assays were compared with meat inspection data received from the slaughterhouses. All positive herds also had liver condemnations due to F. hepatica based on the meat inspection reports. CONCLUSIONS Compared to other North European countries, the prevalence of fasciolosis in Finland can be considered low, and according to meat inspection reports, there are no indications of the prevalence increasing in Finland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heini Gröning
- Animal Health Diagnostic Unit, Laboratory and Research Division, Finnish Food Authority, Neulaniementie 4, Kuopio, FI-70210, Finland
| | - Antti Oksanen
- Animal Health Diagnostic Unit, Laboratory and Research Division, Finnish Food Authority, Elektroniikkatie 3, Oulu, FI-90590, Finland
| | - Teresa Skrzypczak
- Animal Health Diagnostic Unit, Laboratory and Research Division, Finnish Food Authority, Mustialankatu 3, Helsinki, FI-00790, Finland
| | - Tiina Autio
- Animal Health Diagnostic Unit, Laboratory and Research Division, Finnish Food Authority, Neulaniementie 4, Kuopio, FI-70210, Finland.
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Potârniche AV, Czopowicz M, Szaluś-Jordanow O, Moroz-Fik A, Mickiewicz M, Biernacka K, Witkowski L, Markowska-Daniel I, Bagnicka E, Cerbu C, Olah D, Trif E, Spinu M, Kaba J. Serological testing of an equal-volume milk sample - a new method to estimate the seroprevalence of small ruminant lentivirus infection? BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:43. [PMID: 36759821 PMCID: PMC9912530 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03599-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In cattle attempts to evaluate within-herd prevalence of various infectious and parasitic diseases by bulk-tank milk (BTM) testing with ELISA have been made with moderate success. The fact that BTM is composed of variable and unknown volumes of milk from individual lactating animals weakens the relationship between numerical result of the ELISA and the within-herd prevalence. We carried out a laboratory experimental study to evaluate if a pooled milk sample created by mixing an equal volume of individual milk samples from seropositive and seronegative goats, henceforth referred to as an equal-volume milk sample (EVMS), would allow for accurate estimation of within-herd seroprevalence of caprine arthritis-encephalitis (CAE) using 3 different commercial ELISAs. By mixing randomly selected milk samples from seronegative and seropositive goats, 193 EVMS were created - 93 made of seronegative samples and 100 with the proportion of seropositive individual milk samples (EVMS%POS) ranging from 1 to 100%. EVMS%POS could be considered as a proxy for the within-herd seroprevalence. Then, OD of EVMS (ODEVMS) of the 193 EVMS was measured using 3 commercial ELISAs for CAE - 2 indirect and 1 competitive. RESULTS The cut-off values of ODEVMS indicating SRLV infection were determined. The regression functions were developed to link ODEVMS with EVMS%POS. A significant monotonic relationship between ODEVMS measured with 2 commercial indirect ELISAs and EVMS%POS was identified. Two regression models developed on this basis described approximately 90% of variability and allowed to estimate EVMS%POS, when it was below 50%. High ODEVMS indicated EVMS%POS of > 50%. CONCLUSION Our study introduces the concept of serological testing of EVMS as a method of detecting SRLV-infected herds and estimating the proportion of strongly seropositive goats. Further field studies are warranted to assess practical benefits of EVMS serological testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian-Valentin Potârniche
- grid.413013.40000 0001 1012 5390Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Manastur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Michał Czopowicz
- Division of Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Olga Szaluś-Jordanow
- grid.13276.310000 0001 1955 7966Department of Small Animal Diseases with Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Moroz-Fik
- grid.13276.310000 0001 1955 7966Division of Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Mickiewicz
- grid.13276.310000 0001 1955 7966Division of Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kinga Biernacka
- grid.13276.310000 0001 1955 7966Division of Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lucjan Witkowski
- grid.13276.310000 0001 1955 7966Division of Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Markowska-Daniel
- grid.13276.310000 0001 1955 7966Division of Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Emilia Bagnicka
- grid.413454.30000 0001 1958 0162Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Postępu 36A, 05-552 Jastrzębiec, Magdalenka Poland
| | - Constantin Cerbu
- grid.413013.40000 0001 1012 5390Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Manastur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Diana Olah
- grid.413013.40000 0001 1012 5390Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Manastur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Emilia Trif
- grid.413013.40000 0001 1012 5390Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Manastur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Marina Spinu
- grid.413013.40000 0001 1012 5390Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Manastur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Jarosław Kaba
- grid.13276.310000 0001 1955 7966Division of Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
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8
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Charlier J, Williams DJ, Ravinet N, Claerebout E. To treat or not to treat: diagnostic thresholds in subclinical helminth infections of cattle. Trends Parasitol 2023; 39:139-151. [PMID: 36526548 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2022.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Helminth infections of cattle place significant burdens on livestock production and farm economic efficiency. Heavy infections are relatively easy to detect and treat with anthelmintics. However, subclinical infections have major but often hidden impacts on animals, necessitating more refined diagnostics to detect them and ideally inform farmers about the likely impact of anthelmintic treatment on animal and herd performance. Here, we review recent advances in diagnosing three major cattle helminth infections - gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs), liver flukes, and lungworms - and the search for subclinical infection thresholds to guide treatment decisions. Combining refined diagnostic thresholds with farm-specific information on grazing systems and animal history enables farmers to tailor helminth treatments to specific epidemiological circumstances, thereby limiting anthelmintic resistance (AR) and boosting agricultural efficiency and food security.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diana J Williams
- Department of Infection Biology and Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Edwin Claerebout
- Laboratory for Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
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9
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Zhang K, Zhang J, Qiu Z, Zhang K, Liang F, Zhou Q, Wang L, Li J. Prevalence characteristic of BVDV in some large scale dairy farms in Western China. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:961337. [PMID: 35968024 PMCID: PMC9366859 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.961337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence characteristic of Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) in some large scale dairy farms in Western China. BVDV was detected in 30 samples of bulk tank milk (BTM) collected from 30 large dairy farms in 7 provinces of western China, 93.33% (28/30) of the farms were infected with BVDV, and S/P ratio was over 0.3 in 28 positive farms. The individual status was further estimated in the dairy farm (No. 10) with the highest positive rate (S/P ratio = 1.37) and the dairy farm (No. 17) with the lowest positive rate (S/P ratio = 0.39). Two hundred cows were, respectively, selected from calf, young cows and lactating cows in farm No. 10 and farm No. 17 and the serum sample of each enrolled cow was collected. The individual positive rate of serum antibody (Ab) was 87.17% (523/600) in farm No. 10 and 31.33% (188/600) in farm No. 17. The individual positive ratio of serum antibody in calves, young cows and lactating cows were 41.75 % (167/400), 58.75% (235/400) and 77.25% (309/400), respectively. BTM Ab of farm No. 10 has an S/P ratio more than 1.0, which indicated there were emergent or persistent infection (PI) cases, and further test showed that PI cases were 0.51% in farm No. 10. Pathogens were positive in 42.34% (163/385) of nasal mucus samples collected from cows with respiratory symptom, and BVDV cases were 57 in 163 positive samples. Three strains of NCP BVDV-1, one strain of CP BVDV-1, one strain of NCP BVDV-2 and one strain of CP BVDV-2 were successfully isolated. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the subtypes of BVDV currently prevalent in western China were BVDV-1a, BVDV-1m, BVDV-1q and BVDV-2. The findings suggested that the BVDV infection is serious in some Large Scale Dairy Farms in Western China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Zhang
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jingyan Zhang
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhengying Qiu
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fenfen Liang
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qiaoni Zhou
- Shenzhen Bioeasy Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Wang
| | - Jianxi Li
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Jianxi Li
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Charlier J, Bartley DJ, Sotiraki S, Martinez-Valladares M, Claerebout E, von Samson-Himmelstjerna G, Thamsborg SM, Hoste H, Morgan ER, Rinaldi L. Anthelmintic resistance in ruminants: challenges and solutions. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2022; 115:171-227. [PMID: 35249662 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2021.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Anthelmintic resistance (AR) is a growing concern for effective parasite control in farmed ruminants globally. Combatting AR will require intensified and integrated research efforts in the development of innovative diagnostic tests to detect helminth infections and AR, sustainable anthelmintic treatment strategies and the development of complementary control approaches such as vaccination and plant-based control. It will also require a better understanding of socio-economic drivers of anthelmintic treatment decisions, in order to support a behavioural shift and develop targeted communication strategies that promote the uptake of evidence-based sustainable solutions. Here, we review the state-of-the-art in these different fields of research activity related to AR in helminths of livestock ruminants in Europe and beyond. We conclude that in the advent of new challenges and solutions emerging from continuing spread of AR and intensified research efforts, respectively, there is a strong need for transnational multi-actor initiatives. These should involve all key stakeholders to develop indicators of infection and sustainable control, set targets and promote good practices to achieve them.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - D J Bartley
- Disease Control, Moredun Research Institute, Penicuik, United Kingdom
| | - S Sotiraki
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organisation ELGO-DIMITRA, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - M Martinez-Valladares
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-Universidad de León), Departamento de Sanidad Animal, León, Spain
| | - E Claerebout
- Ghent University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Parasitology, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - G von Samson-Himmelstjerna
- Institute for Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Centre for Resistance Research, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - S M Thamsborg
- Veterinary Parasitology, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - H Hoste
- INRAE, UMR 1225 IHAP INRAE/ENVT, Toulouse University, Toulouse, France
| | - E R Morgan
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - L Rinaldi
- University of Naples Federico II, Unit of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, CREMOPAR, Napoli, Italy.
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