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Mboumba Bouassa RS, Avala Ntsigouaye J, Lemba Tsimba PC, Nodjikouambaye ZA, Sadjoli D, Mbeko Simaleko M, Camengo SP, Longo JDD, Grésenguet G, Veyer D, Péré H, Mossoro-Kpinde CD, Bélec L. Genetic diversity of HPV35 in Chad and the Central African Republic, two landlocked countries of Central Africa: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297054. [PMID: 38271382 PMCID: PMC10810494 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-35 accounts for up 10% of cervical cancers in Sub-Saharan Africa. We herein assessed the genetic diversity of HPV35 in HIV-negative women from Chad (identified as #CHAD) and HIV-infected men having sex with men (MSM) in the Central African Republic (CAR), identified as #CAR. Ten HPV35 DNA from self-collected genital secretions (n = 5) and anal margin samples (n = 5) obtained from women and MSM, respectively, were sequenced using the ABI PRISM® BigDye Sequencing technology. All but one HPV35 strains belonged to the A2 sublineage, and only #CAR5 belonged to A1. HPV35 from #CAR had higher L1 variability compared to #CHAD (mean number of mutations: 16 versus 6). L1 of #CAR5 showed a significant variability (2.29%), suggesting a possible intra-type divergence from HPV35H. Three (BC, DE, and EF) out of the 5 capsid loops domains remained totally conserved, while FG- and HI- loops of #CAR exhibited amino acid variations. #CAR5 also showed the highest LCR variability with a 16bp insertion at binding sites of the YY1. HPV35 from #CHAD exhibited the highest variability in E2 gene (P<0.05). E6 and E7 oncoproteins remained well conserved. There is a relative maintenance of a well conserved HPV35 A2 sublineage within heterosexual women in Chad and MSM with HIV in the Central African Republic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph-Sydney Mboumba Bouassa
- Laboratoire de virologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) and Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Ecole Doctorale Régionale (EDR) d’Afrique Centrale en Infectiologie Tropicale, Franceville, Gabon
| | - Juval Avala Ntsigouaye
- Ecole Doctorale Régionale (EDR) d’Afrique Centrale en Infectiologie Tropicale, Franceville, Gabon
- Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Marien Ngouabi, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo
| | - Paola Candyse Lemba Tsimba
- Laboratoire de virologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) and Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Marien Ngouabi, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo
| | - Zita Aleyo Nodjikouambaye
- Ecole Doctorale Régionale (EDR) d’Afrique Centrale en Infectiologie Tropicale, Franceville, Gabon
- Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital de la Mère et de l’Enfant, N’Djamena, Chad
| | - Damtheou Sadjoli
- Cabinet Médical de Gynécologie Obstétrique "La Renaissance Plus," N’Djamena, Chad
| | - Marcel Mbeko Simaleko
- Centre National de Référence des Infections Sexuellement Transmissibles et de la Thérapie Antirétrovirale, Bangui, Central African Republic
| | - Serge Police Camengo
- Service de Gastro-entérologie, Hôpital de l’Amitié, Bangui, Central African Republic
- Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Bangui, Bangui, Central African Republic
| | - Jean De Dieu Longo
- Service de Gastro-entérologie, Hôpital de l’Amitié, Bangui, Central African Republic
- Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Bangui, Bangui, Central African Republic
- Unité de Recherches et d’Intervention sur les Maladies Sexuellement Transmissibles et le SIDA, Département de Santé Publique, Bangui, Central African Republic
| | - Gérard Grésenguet
- Service de Gastro-entérologie, Hôpital de l’Amitié, Bangui, Central African Republic
- Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Bangui, Bangui, Central African Republic
- Unité de Recherches et d’Intervention sur les Maladies Sexuellement Transmissibles et le SIDA, Département de Santé Publique, Bangui, Central African Republic
| | - David Veyer
- Laboratoire de virologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) and Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Péré
- Laboratoire de virologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) and Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Laurent Bélec
- Laboratoire de virologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) and Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Epidemiology and Molecular Biology of HPV Variants in Cervical Cancer: The State of the Art in Mexico. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158566. [PMID: 35955700 PMCID: PMC9368912 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) continues to be a major public health problem in Mexico, ranking second among cancers in women. A persistent infection with human papillomaviruses (HPV) is the main risk factor for CC development. In addition, a significant fraction of other cancers including those of the anus, oropharynx, and penis are also related to HPV infection. In CC, HPV-16 is the most prevalent high-risk HPV type, followed by HPV-18, both being responsible for 70% of cases. HPV intratype variant lineages differ in nucleotide sequences by 1–10%, while sublineages differ by 0.5–1%. Several studies have postulated that the nucleotide changes that occur between HPV intratype variants are reflected in functional differences and in pathogenicity. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that HPV-16 and -18 intratype variants differentially affect molecular processes in infected cells, changing their biological behavior that finally impacts in the clinical outcome of patients. Mexico has participated in providing knowledge on the geographical distribution of intratype variants of the most prevalent HPVs in premalignant lesions of the cervix and cervical cancer, as well as in other HPV-related tumors. In addition, functional studies have been carried out to assess the cellular effects of intratype variations in HPV proteins. This review addresses the state of the art on the epidemiology of HPV-16 and HPV-18 intratype variants in the Mexican population, as well as their association with persistence, precancer and cervical cancer, and functional aspects related to their biological behavior.
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Tawe L, Choga WT, Paganotti GM, Bareng OT, Ntereke TD, Ramatlho P, Ditshwanelo D, Gaseitsiwe S, Kasvosve I, Ramogola-Masire D, Orang'o OE, Robertson E, Zetola N, Moyo S, Grover S, Ermel AC. Genetic diversity in L1 ORF of human papillomavirus in women with cervical cancer with and without human immunodeficiency virus in Botswana and Kenya. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:95. [PMID: 35086475 PMCID: PMC8796425 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07081-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The variation of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes shapes the risks of cervical cancer and these variations are not well defined in Africa. Nucleotide changes within the L1 gene, nucleotide variability, and phylogeny were explored in relation to HIV in samples from Botswana and Kenya. METHODS A total of 98 HPV-positive cervical samples were sequenced to identify different HPV variants. Phylogenetic inferences were used to determine HPV genotypes and investigate the clustering of sequences between women living with HIV (WLWHIV) and -women not living with HIV (WNLWHIV). RESULTS Out of 98 generated sequences, 83.7% (82/98) participants had high-risk (HR) HPV genotypes while 16.3% (16/98) had low-risk (LR) HPV genotypes. Among participants with HR-HPV genotypes, 47.6% (39/82) were coinfected with HIV. The prevalence of HR-HPV genotypes was statistically higher in the Botswana population compared to Kenya (p-value < 0.001). Multiple amino acid mutations were identified in both countries. Genetic diversity differed considerably among WLWHIV and WNLWHIV. The mean pairwise distances between HPV-16 between HIV and HIV/HPV as well as for HPV-18 were statistically significant. Six (6) new deleterious mutations were identified in the HPV genotypes based on the sequencing of the L1 region, HPV-16 (L441P, S343P), HPV-18 (S424P), HPV-45 (Q366H, Y365F), and HPV-84 (F458L). The majority of the patients with these mutations were co-infected with HIV. CONCLUSIONS Genomic diversity and different genomic variants of HPV sequences were demonstrated. Candidate novel mutations within the L1 gene were identified in both countries which can be further investigated using functional assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leabaneng Tawe
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Botswana, Private Bag 00712, Gaborone, Botswana.
- Botswana-University of Pennsylvania Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana.
- Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana.
| | - Wonderful T Choga
- Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana
- Division of Human Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Giacomo M Paganotti
- Botswana-University of Pennsylvania Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Ontlametse T Bareng
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Botswana, Private Bag 00712, Gaborone, Botswana
- Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana
| | | | - Pleasure Ramatlho
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Botswana, Private Bag 00712, Gaborone, Botswana
- Botswana-University of Pennsylvania Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana
| | | | - Simani Gaseitsiwe
- Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ishmael Kasvosve
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Botswana, Private Bag 00712, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Doreen Ramogola-Masire
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana
| | | | - Erle Robertson
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nicola Zetola
- Botswana-University of Pennsylvania Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Sikhulile Moyo
- Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Surbhi Grover
- Botswana-University of Pennsylvania Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Aaron C Ermel
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Kuguyo O, Dube Mandishora RS, Thomford NE, Makunike-Mutasa R, Nhachi CFB, Matimba A, Dandara C. High-risk HPV genotypes in Zimbabwean women with cervical cancer: Comparative analyses between HIV-negative and HIV-positive women. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257324. [PMID: 34582476 PMCID: PMC8478215 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-risk human papillomavirus HPV (HR-HPV) modifies cervical cancer risk in people living with HIV, yet African populations are under-represented. We aimed to compare the frequency, multiplicity and consanguinity of HR-HPVs in HIV-negative and HIV-positive Zimbabwean women. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study consisting of women with histologically confirmed cervical cancer attending Parirenyatwa Group of Hospitals in Harare, Zimbabwe. Information on HIV status was also collected for comparative analysis. Genomic DNA was extracted from 258 formalin fixed paraffin embedded tumour tissue samples, and analysed for 14 HR-HPV genotypes. Data was analysed using Graphpad Prism and STATA. RESULTS Forty-five percent of the cohort was HIV-positive, with a median age of 51 (IQR = 42-62) years. HR-HPV positivity was detected in 96% of biospecimens analysed. HPV16 (48%), was the most prevalent genotype, followed by HPV35 (26%), HPV18 (25%), HPV58 (11%) and HPV33 (10%), irrespective of HIV status. One third of the cohort harboured a single HPV infection, and HPV16 (41%), HPV18 (21%) and HPV35 (21%) were the most prevalent. HIV status did not influence the prevalence and rate of multiple HPV infections (p>0.05). We reported significant (p<0.05) consanguinity of HPV16/18 (OR = 0.3; 95% CI = 0.1-0.9), HPV16/33 (OR = 0.3; 95% CI = 0.1-1.0), HPV16/35 (OR = 3.3; 95% CI = 2.0-6.0), HPV35/51 (OR = 6.0; 95%CI = 1.8-15.0); HPV39/51 (OR = 6.4; 95% CI = 1.8-15), HPV31/52 (OR = 6.2; 95% CI = 1.8-15), HPV39/56 (OR = 11 95% CI = 8-12), HPV59/68 (OR = 8.2; 95% CI = 5.3-12.4), HPV66/68 (OR = 7; 95% CI = 2.4-13.5), independent of age and HIV status. CONCLUSION We found that HIV does not influence the frequency, multiplicity and consanguinity of HR-HPV in cervical cancer. For the first time, we report high prevalence of HPV35 among women with confirmed cervical cancer in Zimbabwe, providing additional evidence of HPV diversity in sub-Saharan Africa. The data obtained here probes the need for larger prospective studies to further elucidate HPV diversity and possibility of selective pressure on genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oppah Kuguyo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Zimbabwe College of Health Sciences, Harare, Zimbabwe
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Pharmacogenomics and Drug Metabolism Group, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Racheal S. Dube Mandishora
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Microbiology Unit, University of Zimbabwe College of Health Sciences, Harare Zimbabwe University of Zimbabwe, Medical Microbiology Unit, Harare, Zimbabwe
- Early Detection, Prevention and Infections Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Nicholas Ekow Thomford
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Pharmacogenomics and Drug Metabolism Group, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, PMB, Ghana
| | - Rudo Makunike-Mutasa
- Department of Pathology, University of Zimbabwe College of Health Sciences, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Charles F. B. Nhachi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Zimbabwe College of Health Sciences, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Alice Matimba
- Advanced Courses and Scientific Conferences, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, United Kingdom
| | - Collet Dandara
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Pharmacogenomics and Drug Metabolism Group, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa
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Garibay-Cerdenares OL, Sánchez-Meza LV, Encarnación-Guevara S, Hernández-Ortíz M, Martínez-Batallar G, Torres-Rojas FI, Mendoza-Catalán MÁ, Moral-Hernández OD, Leyva-Vázquez MA, Illades-Aguiar B. Effect of HPV 16 E6 Oncoprotein Variants on the Alterations of the Proteome of C33A Cells. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2021; 18:273-283. [PMID: 33893080 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The E6 genotypic variants of HPV 16 identified in lesions of women with cervical cancer (CC) in Southern of Mexico include the E-G350, AAa, AAc, E-C188/G350, and E-A176/G350, transcriptomic analysis cells transfected with those variants showed to induce differential expression of the host genes involved in the development of CC, the aim of this work was to understand how the over-expression of the E6 oncoprotein and its variants can induce molecular mechanisms that lead to more aggressive HPV 16 phenotypes in cervical cancer and which proteins could be associated with the process. MATERIALS AND METHODS Total extracts from C33A, C33A mock, C33A AAa, C33A E-C188/G350, C33A E-A176/G350, and C33A E-prototype cells were analyzed using 2D electrophoresis, PDQuest software and mass spectrometry, validation of results was performed through qPCR. RESULTS Statistically significant differential expression of 122 spots was detected, 12 of the identified proteins were associated with metabolism and metabolic programming. Out of these CCT8, ENO and ALDH1A were further validated. CONCLUSION CCT8 and ALDH1A were found to be over-expressed in C33A AAa and C33A E-A176/G350, compared to the E prototype. Both proteins could be associated with a most aggressive phenotype due to their relationship with metabolism, protein folding and stemness, mechanisms associated to E6 that could be useful in the design of new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Lilia Garibay-Cerdenares
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, México.,CONACyT- Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, México
| | - Luz Victoria Sánchez-Meza
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, México
| | | | | | | | - Francisco Israel Torres-Rojas
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, México
| | - Miguel Ángel Mendoza-Catalán
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, México
| | - Oscar Del Moral-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, México
| | - Marco Antonio Leyva-Vázquez
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, México
| | - Berenice Illades-Aguiar
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, México;
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Arizmendi-Izazaga A, Navarro-Tito N, Jiménez-Wences H, Mendoza-Catalán MA, Martínez-Carrillo DN, Zacapala-Gómez AE, Olea-Flores M, Dircio-Maldonado R, Torres-Rojas FI, Soto-Flores DG, Illades-Aguiar B, Ortiz-Ortiz J. Metabolic Reprogramming in Cancer: Role of HPV 16 Variants. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10030347. [PMID: 33809480 PMCID: PMC7999907 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10030347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is considered one of the hallmarks in cancer and is characterized by increased glycolysis and lactate production, even in the presence of oxygen, which leads the cancer cells to a process called “aerobic glycolysis” or “Warburg effect”. The E6 and E7 oncoproteins of human papillomavirus 16 (HPV 16) favor the Warburg effect through their interaction with a molecule that regulates cellular metabolism, such as p53, retinoblastoma protein (pRb), c-Myc, and hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α). Besides, the impact of the E6 and E7 variants of HPV 16 on metabolic reprogramming through proteins such as HIF-1α may be related to their oncogenicity by favoring cellular metabolism modifications to satisfy the energy demands necessary for viral persistence and cancer development. This review will discuss the role of HPV 16 E6 and E7 variants in metabolic reprogramming and their contribution to developing and preserving the malignant phenotype of cancers associated with HPV 16 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adán Arizmendi-Izazaga
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia La Haciendita, Chilpancingo C.P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (A.A.-I.); (M.A.M.-C.); (A.E.Z.-G.); (F.I.T.-R.); (D.G.S.-F.); (B.I.-A.)
| | - Napoleón Navarro-Tito
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia La Haciendita, Chilpancingo C.P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (N.N.-T.); (M.O.-F.)
| | - Hilda Jiménez-Wences
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Biomoléculas, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia La Haciendita, Chilpancingo C.P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (H.J.-W.); (D.N.M.-C.)
- Laboratorio de Investigación Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias, Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia La Haciendita, Chilpancingo C.P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico;
| | - Miguel A. Mendoza-Catalán
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia La Haciendita, Chilpancingo C.P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (A.A.-I.); (M.A.M.-C.); (A.E.Z.-G.); (F.I.T.-R.); (D.G.S.-F.); (B.I.-A.)
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Biomoléculas, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia La Haciendita, Chilpancingo C.P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (H.J.-W.); (D.N.M.-C.)
| | - Dinorah N. Martínez-Carrillo
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Biomoléculas, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia La Haciendita, Chilpancingo C.P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (H.J.-W.); (D.N.M.-C.)
- Laboratorio de Investigación Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias, Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia La Haciendita, Chilpancingo C.P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico;
| | - Ana E. Zacapala-Gómez
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia La Haciendita, Chilpancingo C.P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (A.A.-I.); (M.A.M.-C.); (A.E.Z.-G.); (F.I.T.-R.); (D.G.S.-F.); (B.I.-A.)
| | - Monserrat Olea-Flores
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia La Haciendita, Chilpancingo C.P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (N.N.-T.); (M.O.-F.)
| | - Roberto Dircio-Maldonado
- Laboratorio de Investigación Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias, Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia La Haciendita, Chilpancingo C.P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico;
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico e Investigación en Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia La Haciendita, Chilpancingo C.P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Francisco I. Torres-Rojas
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia La Haciendita, Chilpancingo C.P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (A.A.-I.); (M.A.M.-C.); (A.E.Z.-G.); (F.I.T.-R.); (D.G.S.-F.); (B.I.-A.)
| | - Diana G. Soto-Flores
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia La Haciendita, Chilpancingo C.P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (A.A.-I.); (M.A.M.-C.); (A.E.Z.-G.); (F.I.T.-R.); (D.G.S.-F.); (B.I.-A.)
| | - Berenice Illades-Aguiar
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia La Haciendita, Chilpancingo C.P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (A.A.-I.); (M.A.M.-C.); (A.E.Z.-G.); (F.I.T.-R.); (D.G.S.-F.); (B.I.-A.)
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico e Investigación en Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia La Haciendita, Chilpancingo C.P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Julio Ortiz-Ortiz
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia La Haciendita, Chilpancingo C.P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (A.A.-I.); (M.A.M.-C.); (A.E.Z.-G.); (F.I.T.-R.); (D.G.S.-F.); (B.I.-A.)
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Biomoléculas, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia La Haciendita, Chilpancingo C.P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (H.J.-W.); (D.N.M.-C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-747-471-0901
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7
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Fitzpatrick MB, Hahn Z, Mandishora RSD, Dao J, Weber J, Huang C, Sahoo MK, Katzenstein DA, Pinsky BA. Whole-Genome Analysis of Cervical Human Papillomavirus Type 35 from rural Zimbabwean Women. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7001. [PMID: 32332798 PMCID: PMC7181610 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63882-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) types differ by geographic location and the ethnicity of the human host, which may have implications for carcinogenicity. HPV35 is one of the least frequently identified high-risk types in North America and Europe but was the most common high-risk HPV (hrHPV) infection in a cohort in rural Zimbabwe. Whole genome analysis is limited for HPV35; no such studies have been performed in Zimbabwe. Of 648 women in the initial cohort in Zimbabwe, 19 (19/648, 2.9%) tested positive for HPV35, and eight samples were successfully sequenced for HPV35. The maximum number of sequence variants for the whole genome was 58 nucleotides (0.7%) compared to the prototype (58/7879). The maximum number of sequence variants in E6 and E7 was 3 (3/450, 0.7%) 2 (2/300, 0.7%), respectively. These are the first HPV35 whole genome sequences from Zimbabwe, and these data further lend support to the carcinogenicity of HPV35 despite limited sequence heterogeneity. Further studies to determine carcinogenic effects and impact of HPV vaccinations are warranted, especially in sub-Saharan Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan B Fitzpatrick
- Stanford Health Care, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Zoe Hahn
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Racheal S Dube Mandishora
- University of Zimbabwe College of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Microbiology, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Jenny Dao
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jenna Weber
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - ChunHong Huang
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Malaya K Sahoo
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - David A Katzenstein
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin A Pinsky
- Stanford Health Care, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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8
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de la Garza-Ramos MA, Urrutia-Baca VH, Urbina-Rios CS, García-Robayo DA, Tamez-Guerra P, Gomez-Flores R. Prevalence of human papillomavirus in the oral cavity of an indigenous community from Southwest México. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2020; 83:104283. [PMID: 32194258 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Human papilloma virus (HPV) is a DNA virus associated with the development of cervical, penile, anal, vulvar, and oral cancers. In recent years, there has been an increase in oral cancer, which could be due to changes in sexual behavior in the general population. In México, there is scarce information on this regard, which prompted us to study HPV infection prevalence in the oral cavity of an indigenous community from the municipality of Siltepec, Chiapas, Mexico. Oral samples from 198 individuals were obtained with cytobrush for virus detection by nested PCR, using MY09/MY11 and GP5+/GP6+ primers, and positive samples were sequenced for HPV genotyping. We observed 12.1% HPV infection prevalence, which depended on gender, number of sexual partners, lack of using condoms, and oral sex practices. In contrast, no significant association between HPV infection and tobacco or alcohol consumption was detected. Furthermore, sequencing analyzes were performed where HPV-13 (21/24), -16 (2/24), -32 (1/24), -81 (1/24), and -83 (1/24) were evidenced and HPV-16 European/Asian and Asian/American E6 variants identified. These results demonstrated an important prevalence of HPV infection in the oral cavity of a Mexican indigenous community, where the predominant genotypes were associated with benign pathologies, and showed that high-risk genotype variants derived from different lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Angélica de la Garza-Ramos
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Odontología, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud (CIDICS), Calle Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño y Silao S/N, Colonia Mitras Centro, Monterrey, Nuevo León CP. 64460, México.
| | - Victor Hugo Urrutia-Baca
- CHRISTUS - LATAM HUB Center of Excellence and Innovation (CHRISTUS CEI), Monterrey, Nuevo León C.P. 66260, México.
| | - Cynthia Sofia Urbina-Rios
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León C.P. 66455, México.
| | | | - Patricia Tamez-Guerra
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León C.P. 66455, México.
| | - Ricardo Gomez-Flores
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León C.P. 66455, México.
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9
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Escobar-Escamilla N, González-Martínez BE, Araiza-Rodríguez A, Fragoso-Fonseca DE, Pedroza-Torres A, Landa-Flores MG, Garcés-Ayala F, Mendieta-Condado E, Díaz-Quiñonez JA, Castro-Escarpulli G, Ramírez-González JE. Mutational landscape and intra-host diversity of human papillomavirus type 16 long control region and E6 variants in cervical samples. Arch Virol 2019; 164:2953-2961. [PMID: 31552532 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-019-04407-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus genotype 16 (HPV16) is the most frequent high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) identified in cervical precursor lesions and cervical cancer (CC) worldwide. The oncogenic potential of HPV16 is partly dependent on the lineage involved in the infection and the presence of clinically relevant mutations. In this report, we present the distribution of HR-HPV and the mutational profile and intra-host variability of HPV16 lineages, based on analysis of the long control region (LCR) and the E6 gene in samples with normal cytology (n = 39), squamous intraepithelial lesions (n = 25), and CC (n = 39). HR-HPV genotyping was performed using multiplex real-time PCR. HPV16 lineage assignments and mutation frequencies were determined by conventional PCR and Sanger DNA sequencing, and intra-patient viral populations were analyzed using next-generation sequencing (NGS). The most frequent HR-HPV type was HPV16, followed by HPV31 and HPV18. The frequency of HPV16 sublineages was A1/A2 > D2 > D3 and B1. Moreover, the most frequent mutations, both in samples from this study and in the available sequences from Mexican isolates in the GenBank database were LCR-G7518A, which is involved in carcinogenesis, and E6-T350G (producing L83V), associated with persistence of infection. Otherwise, deep sequencing revealed high conservation of viral lineages and mutations, independently of the stages studied. In conclusion, the high frequency and stability of these molecular markers, as well as the circulating viral lineages, could be related to the incidence of CC associated with HPV16. Hence, they deserve a broader analysis to determine the risk of specific populations for progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noé Escobar-Escamilla
- Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos (InDRE) "Dr. Manuel Martínez Báez", Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico. .,Laboratorio de Investigación Clínica y Ambiental, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Blanca Estela González-Martínez
- Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos (InDRE) "Dr. Manuel Martínez Báez", Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adnan Araiza-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos (InDRE) "Dr. Manuel Martínez Báez", Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - David Esaú Fragoso-Fonseca
- Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos (InDRE) "Dr. Manuel Martínez Báez", Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Abraham Pedroza-Torres
- Cátedra CONACyT, Clínica de Cáncer Hereditario, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Magaly Guadalupe Landa-Flores
- Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos (InDRE) "Dr. Manuel Martínez Báez", Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Fabiola Garcés-Ayala
- Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos (InDRE) "Dr. Manuel Martínez Báez", Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Edgar Mendieta-Condado
- Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos (InDRE) "Dr. Manuel Martínez Báez", Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Alberto Díaz-Quiñonez
- Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos (InDRE) "Dr. Manuel Martínez Báez", Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico.,División de Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Graciela Castro-Escarpulli
- Laboratorio de Investigación Clínica y Ambiental, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Ernesto Ramírez-González
- Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos (InDRE) "Dr. Manuel Martínez Báez", Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico.
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10
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Rodríguez-Ruiz HA, Garibay-Cerdenares OL, Illades-Aguiar B, Montaño S, Jiang X, Leyva-Vázquez MA. In silico prediction of structural changes in human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) E6 oncoprotein and its variants. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2019; 20:35. [PMID: 31426742 PMCID: PMC6700771 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-019-0217-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background HPV16 infection is one of the main risk factors involved in the development of cervical cancer, mainly due to the high oncogenic potential of the viral proteins E6 and E7, which are involved in the different processes of malignant transformation. There is a broad spectrum of intratypical variation of E6, which is reflected in its high diversity, biological behavior, global distribution and risk of causing cervical cancer. Experimental studies have shown that the intratypical variants of the protein E6 from the European variants (E-G350, E-A176/G350, E-C188/G350) and Asian-American variants (AAa and AAc), are capable of inducing the differential expression of genes involved in the development of cervical cancer. Results An in silico analysis was performed to characterize the molecular effects of these variations using the structure of the HPV16 E6 oncoprotein (PDB: 4XR8; chain H) as a template. In particular, we evaluated the 3D structures of the intratypical variants by structural alignment, ERRAT, Ramachandran plots and prediction of protein disorder, which was further validated by molecular dynamics simulations. Our results, in general, showed no significant changes in the protein 3D structure. However, we observed subtle changes in protein physicochemical features and structural disorder in the N- and C-termini. Conclusions Our results showed that mutations in the viral oncogene E6 of six high-risk HPV16 variants are effectively neutral and do not cause significant structural changes except slight variations of structural disorder. As structural disorder is involved in rewiring protein-protein interactions, these results suggest a differential pattern of interaction of E6 with the target protein P53 and possibly different patterns of tumor aggressiveness associated with certain types of variants of the E6 oncoprotein. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12860-019-0217-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Alberto Rodríguez-Ruiz
- Molecular Biomedicine Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical-Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Mexico
| | - Olga Lilia Garibay-Cerdenares
- Molecular Biomedicine Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical-Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Mexico.,CONACyT-Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Mexico
| | - Berenice Illades-Aguiar
- Molecular Biomedicine Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical-Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Mexico
| | - Sarita Montaño
- Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacan, Mexico
| | - Xiaowei Jiang
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. .,Guangzhou-Birmingham Joint Research Center for Birth Cohorts and Disease Cohorts, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. .,Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
| | - Marco Antonio Leyva-Vázquez
- Molecular Biomedicine Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical-Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Mexico.
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11
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Chen Z, DeSalle R, Schiffman M, Herrero R, Wood CE, Ruiz JC, Clifford GM, Chan PKS, Burk RD. Niche adaptation and viral transmission of human papillomaviruses from archaic hominins to modern humans. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1007352. [PMID: 30383862 PMCID: PMC6211759 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent discoveries on the origins of modern humans from multiple archaic hominin populations and the diversity of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) suggest a complex scenario of virus-host evolution. To evaluate the origin of HPV pathogenesis, we estimated the phylogeny, timing, and dispersal of HPV16 variants using a Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo framework. To increase precision, we identified and characterized non-human primate papillomaviruses from New and Old World monkeys to set molecular clock models. We demonstrate specific host niche adaptation of primate papillomaviruses with subsequent coevolution with their primate hosts for at least 40 million years. Analyses of 212 HPV16 complete genomes and 3582 partial sequences estimated ancient divergence of HPV16 variants (between A and BCD lineages) from their most recent common ancestors around half a million years ago, roughly coinciding with the timing of the split between archaic Neanderthals and modern Homo sapiens, and nearly three times longer than divergence times of modern Homo sapiens. HPV16 A lineage variants were significantly underrepresented in present African populations, whereas the A sublineages were highly prevalent in European (A1-3) and Asian (A4) populations, indicative of viral sexual transmission from Neanderthals to modern non-African humans through multiple interbreeding events in the past 80 thousand years. Remarkably, the human leukocyte antigen B*07:02 and C*07:02 alleles associated with increased risk in cervix cancer represent introgressed regions from Neanderthals in present-day Eurasians. The archaic hominin-host-switch model was also supported by other HPV variants. Niche adaptation and virus-host codivergence appear to influence the pathogenesis of papillomaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zigui Chen
- Departments of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rob DeSalle
- Sackler Institute of Comparative Genomics, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Mark Schiffman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States of America
| | - Rolando Herrero
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
- Proyecto Epidemiológico Guanacaste, Fundación INCIENSA, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Charles E. Wood
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States of America
| | - Julio C. Ruiz
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, Texas, United States of America
| | - Gary M. Clifford
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Paul K. S. Chan
- Departments of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Robert D. Burk
- Departments of Pediatrics, Microbiology and Immunology; Epidemiology and Population Health; Obstetrics, Gynecology and Woman’s Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America
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12
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Genetic diversity of human papillomavirus types 35, 45 and 58 in cervical cancer in Brazil. Arch Virol 2017; 162:2855-2860. [PMID: 28597068 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-017-3439-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In Brazil, most studies of intra-type variants of human papillomavirus (HPV) have focused on HPV16 and HPV18, but other high-risk HPV types have not been studied. Here, we report the prevalence of lineages and variants of HPV35, HPV45 and HPV58 in cervical cancers from the Amazonian and Southeast Brazilian regions. The most frequent sublineages were A1 for HPV35, B2 for HPV45, and A2 for HPV58. The Southeast region had a higher frequency of the B2 sublineage of HPV45, and for HPV35, the genetic and nucleotide sequence diversity were higher in the Southeast region, suggesting that regional factors are influencing the diversity and lineage prevalence.
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13
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Mendes de Oliveira C, Levi JE. The Biological Impact of Genomic Diversity in Cervical Cancer Development. Acta Cytol 2016; 60:513-517. [PMID: 27771695 DOI: 10.1159/000449401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are the etiologic agents of cervical cancer, the unique human neoplasia that has one single necessary cause. The diversity of HPVs is well described, with 200 HPV types existing as distinct taxonomic units and each receiving an Arabic number. On a clinical basis, they are usually grouped by their site of occurrence and disease associations. Those types inhabiting the anogenital mucosa are more intensively studied and further divided into cancer-associated HPVs, which are termed 'high risk', while those linked to benign proliferative lesions are assigned as 'low risk'. HPV16 is responsible for approximately 50% of all ICC cases, and paradoxically is one of the most prevalent types among healthy women. Longitudinal studies have shown that when an incidental HPV16 infection becomes persistent it will result in an enhanced risk for the development of high-grade lesions. However, it is unknown why some persistent, HPV16 infections (or infections by other HR-HPV types) progress to CIN3+ while most clear spontaneously. Several epidemiological investigations have focused on cofactors, from the most obvious such as cigarette and other carcinogenic exposures, to coinfections by other STDs such as chlamydia, with no significant findings. Thus, the current focus is on genomic variation from both virus and host. Such studies have been potentialized by the enormous technical advances in nucleic acid sequencing, allowing this relationship to be broadly interrogated. Corroborating subgenomic data from decades ago, an association between HPV16 lineages and carcinogenesis is being revealed. However, this effect does not seem to apply across female populations from different continents/ethnicities, again highlighting a role played by HPV16 adaptation and evasion from the host over time.
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14
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Zehender G, Frati ER, Martinelli M, Bianchi S, Amendola A, Ebranati E, Ciccozzi M, Galli M, Lai A, Tanzi E. Dating the origin and dispersal of Human Papillomavirus type 16 on the basis of ancestral human migrations. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2016; 39:258-264. [PMID: 26827632 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2016.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A major limitation when reconstructing the origin and evolution of HPV-16 is the lack of reliable substitution rate estimates for the viral genes. On the basis of the hypothesis of human HPV-16 co-divergence, we estimated a mean evolutionary rate of 1.47×10(-7) (95% HPD=0.64-2.47×10(-7)) subs/site/year for the viral LCR region. The results of a Bayesian phylogeographical analysis suggest that the currently circulating HPV-16 most probably originated in Africa about 110 thousand years ago (Kya), before giving rise to four known geographical lineages: the Asian/European lineage, which most probably originated in Asia a mean 38 Kya, and the Asian/American and two African lineages, which probably respectively originated about 33 and 27 Kya. These data closely reflect current hypotheses concerning modern human expansion based on studies of mitochondrial DNA phylogeny. The correlation between ancient human migration and the present HPV phylogeny may be explained by the co-existence of modes of transmission other than sexual transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianguglielmo Zehender
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Elena Rosanna Frati
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marianna Martinelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Bianchi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonella Amendola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Erika Ebranati
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Ciccozzi
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immunomediated Diseases, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy; Campus Bio-Medico University, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Galli
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Lai
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Tanzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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15
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Ortiz-Ortiz J, Alarcón-Romero LDC, Jiménez-López MA, Garzón-Barrientos VH, Calleja-Macías I, Barrera-Saldaña HA, Leyva-Vázquez MA, Illades-Aguiar B. Association of human papillomavirus 16 E6 variants with cervical carcinoma and precursor lesions in women from Southern Mexico. Virol J 2015; 12:29. [PMID: 25889023 PMCID: PMC4351832 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0242-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background HPV 16 is the cause of cervical carcinoma, but only a small fraction of women with HPV infection progress to this pathology. Besides persistent infection and HPV integration, several studies have suggested that HPV intratype variants may contribute to the development of cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the nucleotide variability and phylogenetically classify HPV 16 E6 variants circulating over a period of 16 years in women from Southern Mexico, and to analyze its association with precursor lesions and cervical carcinoma. Methods This study was conducted in 330 cervical DNA samples with HPV 16 from women who were residents of the State of Guerrero, located in Southern Mexico. According of cytological and/or histological diagnosis, samples were divided into the following four groups: no intraepithelial lesion (n = 97), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (n = 123), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (n = 19) and cervical carcinoma (n = 91). HPV 16 E6 gene was amplified, sequenced and aligned with reference sequence (HPV 16R) and a phylogenetic tree was constructed to identify and classify HPV 16 variants. Chi squared was used and data analysis and statistics were done with SPSS Statistics and STATA softwares. Results Twenty seven HPV 16 E6 variants were detected in women from Southern Mexico, 82.12% belonged to the EUR, 17.58% to AA1 and 0.3% to Afr2a sublineages. The most common was E-G350 (40%), followed by E-prototype (13.03%), E-C188/G350 (11.82%), AA-a (10.61%), AA-c (6.07%) and E-A176/G350 (5.15%). Eight new E6 variants were found and 2 of them lead to amino acid change: E-C183/G350 (I27T) and E-C306/G350 (K68T). The HPV 16 variant that showed the greatest risk of leading to the development of CC was AA-a (OR = 69.01, CI = 7.57-628.96), followed by E-A176/G350 (OR = 39.82, CI = 4.11-386.04), AA-c (OR = 21.16, CI 2.59-172.56), E-G350 (OR = 13.25, CI = 2.02-87.12) and E-C188/G350 (OR = 10.48, CI = 1.39-78.92). Conclusions The variants more frequently found in women with cervical carcinoma are E-G350, AA-a, AA-c, E-C188/G350 and E-A176/G350. All of them are associated with the development of cervical carcinoma, however, AA-a showed the highest association. This study reinforces the proposal that HPV 16 AA-a is an oncogenic risk for cervical carcinoma progression in Mexico. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12985-015-0242-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Ortiz-Ortiz
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México.
| | - Luz del Carmen Alarcón-Romero
- Laboratorio de Citopatología, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México.
| | | | | | - Itzel Calleja-Macías
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
| | - Hugo Alberto Barrera-Saldaña
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México.
| | - Marco Antonio Leyva-Vázquez
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México.
| | - Berenice Illades-Aguiar
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México.
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16
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Badano I, Totaro ME, Culasso ACA, Sanabria DJ, Schurr TG, Balette IC, Roisman A, Basiletti J, Picconi MA, Campos RH, Liotta DJ. Genetic characterization and clinical implications of human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) variants from northeastern Argentina. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2014; 29:103-9. [PMID: 25461847 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2014.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) plays a central role in the development of cervical cancer. Worldwide studies indicate the existence of HPV16 variants that show different geographic distributions and oncogenic potential. OBJECTIVE Our goal was to describe the genetic variation of HPV16 isolates identified in urban women with different grades of cervical lesions living in northeastern Argentina. STUDY DESIGN We analyzed 116 HPV16-positive cervical samples (16 NLIM, 62 L-SIL, 16 H-SIL and 22 cervical cancer) from patients attending health centers in Misiones (Argentina) during 2006-13. HPV16 isolates were genetically characterized through PCR amplification and direct sequencing of 364 bp within the long control region, and the resulting sequences classified into variants based on phylogenetic analysis (lineages A, B, C and D). A potential association between HPV16 variants and lesion grade was evaluated through an odds ratio (OR) test. A temporal framework for the origin of HPV16 variants was assessed through coalescence analysis (BEAST v 1.7.5). RESULTS Phylogenetic analysis of HPV16 sequences showed that 92.1% of the samples clustered with lineage A, and 6.9% to lineage D. HPV16 variants from lineage D were more frequently associated with high-grade lesions and cancer (HSIL+) than lineage A variants at an OR of 13.8 (1.6-117.0). The time to most common recent ancestor (tMCRA) of all variants was 119,103 years before present (HPD 95%=48,486-197,239), a date consistent with the time frame for modern human evolution. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that HPV16 variants from lineage D may represent an additional risk factor for the development of cervical cancer in women living in northeastern Argentina. This study provides new information about viral isolates present in Argentina that will contribute to the monitoring of HPV16 infection in the vaccine era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Badano
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Quimicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Av. Mariano Moreno 1375, Posadas 3300, Misiones, Argentina.
| | - Maria Elina Totaro
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Quimicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Av. Mariano Moreno 1375, Posadas 3300, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Andrés Carlos Alberto Culasso
- Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junin 954, 4to piso, Capital Federal (C1113AAD), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daiana Jimena Sanabria
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Quimicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Av. Mariano Moreno 1375, Posadas 3300, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Theodore G Schurr
- Laboratory of Molecular Anthropology, Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania, 3260 South Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6398, USA
| | - Ileana Cristina Balette
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Quimicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Av. Mariano Moreno 1375, Posadas 3300, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Alejandro Roisman
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Quimicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Av. Mariano Moreno 1375, Posadas 3300, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Jorge Basiletti
- Servicio de Virus Oncogénicos, Departamento de Virología, INEI-ANLIS "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán", Av. Velez Sarsfield 563, Capital Federal (C1282AFF), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Alejandra Picconi
- Servicio de Virus Oncogénicos, Departamento de Virología, INEI-ANLIS "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán", Av. Velez Sarsfield 563, Capital Federal (C1282AFF), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rodolfo Héctor Campos
- Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junin 954, 4to piso, Capital Federal (C1113AAD), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Domingo Javier Liotta
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Quimicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Av. Mariano Moreno 1375, Posadas 3300, Misiones, Argentina
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Lopera EA, Baena A, Florez V, Montiel J, Duque C, Ramirez T, Borrero M, Cordoba CM, Rojas F, Pareja R, Bedoya AM, Bedoya G, Sanchez GI. Unexpected inverse correlation between Native American ancestry and Asian American variants of HPV16 in admixed Colombian cervical cancer cases. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2014; 28:339-48. [PMID: 25446942 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2014.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND European (E) variants of HPV 16 are evenly distributed among world regions, meanwhile Non-European variants such as European-Asian (EAs), Asian American (AA) and African (Af) are mostly confined to Eastern Asia, The Americas and African regions respectively. Several studies have shown that genetic variation of HPV 16 is associated with the risk of cervical cancer, which also seems to be dependent on the population. This relationship between ethnicity and variants have led to the suggestion that there is co-evolution of variants with humankind. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between the individual ancestry proportion and infection with HPV 16 variants in cervical cancer. METHODS We examined the association between ancestry and HPV 16 variants in samples of 82 cervical cancer cases from different regions of Colombia. Individual ancestry proportions (European, African and Native American) were estimated by genotyping 106 ancestry informative markers. Variants were identified by PCR amplification of the E6 gene, followed by reverse line blot hybridization (RLB) with variants specific probes. RESULTS Overall European (E) and Asian American (AA) variants frequency was 66.5% and 33.5% respectively. Similar distribution was observed in cases with higher proportions of European or African ancestry. A higher Native American ancestry was significantly associated with higher frequency of E variants (median ancestry>23.6%, Age and place of birth adjusted OR: 3.55, 95% CI: 1.26-10.03, p=0.01). Even further, an inverse geographic correlation between Native American ancestry and frequency of infections with AA variants was observed (ρ=-0.825, p=0.008). Regions with higher proportion of Native American ancestry had a lower frequency of AA variants of HPV 16. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests replacement of AA variants by E variants of human papillomavirus 16 in cervical cancer cases with high Native American ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban A Lopera
- Infection and Cancer Group, School of Medicine and Corporación Académica para el Estudio de Patologías Tropicales, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Armando Baena
- Infection and Cancer Group, School of Medicine and Corporación Académica para el Estudio de Patologías Tropicales, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Victor Florez
- Infection and Cancer Group, School of Medicine and Corporación Académica para el Estudio de Patologías Tropicales, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Jehidys Montiel
- Infection and Cancer Group, School of Medicine and Corporación Académica para el Estudio de Patologías Tropicales, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Constanza Duque
- Genética Molecular, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia; Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Carrera 42 No 49-95, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Tatiana Ramirez
- Infection and Cancer Group, School of Medicine and Corporación Académica para el Estudio de Patologías Tropicales, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Mauricio Borrero
- Infection and Cancer Group, School of Medicine and Corporación Académica para el Estudio de Patologías Tropicales, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia; Instituto de Cancerología Las Américas, Carrera 70 No 1-35, Torre 5, Medellín, Colombia; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-52, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Carlos M Cordoba
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-52, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Fredy Rojas
- Instituto de Cancerología Las Américas, Carrera 70 No 1-35, Torre 5, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Rene Pareja
- Instituto de Cancerología Las Américas, Carrera 70 No 1-35, Torre 5, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Astrid M Bedoya
- Infection and Cancer Group, School of Medicine and Corporación Académica para el Estudio de Patologías Tropicales, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia; Escuela de Microbiología, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Gabriel Bedoya
- Genética Molecular, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Gloria I Sanchez
- Infection and Cancer Group, School of Medicine and Corporación Académica para el Estudio de Patologías Tropicales, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.
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Sequence variation in the E2-binding domain of HPV16 and biological function evaluation in Tunisian cervical cancers. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:639321. [PMID: 25032221 PMCID: PMC4083599 DOI: 10.1155/2014/639321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
HPV16 E2 variants have different effects on the transcriptional activity of the LCR. In this study, we examined the nucleotide and amino acid sequence variation within the HPV16 E2 gene and to correlate with disease progression. E2 gene disruption was detected by PCR amplification of the entire E2 gene using a single set of primers. Nucleotide variations were analyzed by bidirectional sequencing. mRNA expression patterns of E6 and E7 gene transcripts were evaluated by a reverse transcriptase-PCR method (RT-PCR). The detection of intact E2 genes was significantly higher among controls than cases (81.8% versus 37.5%, resp., P < 0.05). Among the E subgroup, variation at position 3684 C>A results in the amino acid substitution T310K and was more common among the E2 undisrupted cases (7/9; 77.7%), compared to controls (2/9; 22.2%). In addition, specific sequence variations identified in the E2 ORF at positions 3684 C>A were associated with increased viral oncogenes E6-E7 production. Besides HPV16 E2 disruption, the 3684 C>A variation within undisrupted E2 genes could be involved in an alternative mechanism for deregulating the expression of the HPV16 E6 and E7 oncogenes and appears to be a major factor contributing to the development of cervical cancer in Tunisian women.
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19
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Liu M, He Z, Xi L, Li J, Liu F, Liu Y, Pan Y, Ning T, Guo C, Xu R, Zhang L, Cai H, Ke Y. The distribution and common amino acid polymorphisms of human papillomavirus (HPV)-31 variants in 2700 women from Northern China. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99141. [PMID: 24901850 PMCID: PMC4047102 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the distribution of Human papillomavirus (HPV)-31 A, B and C variants as well as the common amino acid polymorphisms in Chinese women, all 14 HPV-31 positive cervical exfoliated cell specimens identified from a descriptive study including ∼2700 women from Northern China were analyzed. HPV-31 positive specimens were identified by Mass Spectrometry and the fragments of partial Long Control Region, E6 and E7 were amplified and directly sequenced or cloned into vector and then sequenced to confirm the variant information. HPV-31 prevalence in Northern Chinese female population was 0.52%. Six different sequences represented all 14 isolates, and these isolates were subsequently classified into variant lineage A (9), B (0) and C (5) by phylogenetic analysis. Five common amino acid polymorphism sites (2 in E6 and 3 in E7) and a novel non-synonymous mutation were detected in the current study. Our investigation suggested that HPV-31 was much less detected in Chinese women population than that in western countries. A and C variants were commonly detected while B variants were rarely detected in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengfei Liu
- Laboratory of Genetics, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhonghu He
- Laboratory of Genetics, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Longfu Xi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Jingjing Li
- Laboratory of Genetics, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Fangfang Liu
- Laboratory of Genetics, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- Laboratory of Genetics, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yaqi Pan
- Laboratory of Genetics, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Tao Ning
- Laboratory of Genetics, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Chuanhai Guo
- Laboratory of Genetics, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ruiping Xu
- Anyang Cancer Hospital, Anyang, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Lixin Zhang
- Anyang Cancer Hospital, Anyang, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Hong Cai
- Laboratory of Genetics, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (HC); (YK)
| | - Yang Ke
- Laboratory of Genetics, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (HC); (YK)
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20
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Mammas IN, Spandidos DA, Sourvinos G. Genomic diversity of human papillomaviruses (HPV) and clinical implications: an overview in adulthood and childhood. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2013; 21:220-6. [PMID: 24291228 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2013.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Revised: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
During the last years, several researchers have highlighted the importance of characterizing more than one genomic region in order to detect recombination and classify variants of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) properly. HPVs variants differ in their biological, molecular and chemical properties. Therefore, this genomic diversity can present differences in the natural history and pathogenicity of HPVs. Different 'high-risk' HPVs variants of the genotypes HPV 16 and 18 can confer varied risks of viral persistence in the human cervix and influence HPVs progression to cervical cancer. Moreover, different 'low-risk' HPVs variants of the genotypes HPV 6 and 11 can play a unique role in the development of anogenital and cutaneous warts, recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) and ophthalmic pterygium. In future, the precise impact of genomic HPVs diversity to the clinical course of HPVs-associated diseases as well as to the efficacy of the current HPVs vaccines remains to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis N Mammas
- Department of Clinical Virology, University of Crete, Medical School, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Department of Clinical Virology, University of Crete, Medical School, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - George Sourvinos
- Department of Clinical Virology, University of Crete, Medical School, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
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21
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Geraets DT, van Doorn LJ, Kleter B, Colau B, Harper DM, Quint WGV. Long-term follow-up of HPV16-positive women: persistence of the same genetic variant and low prevalence of variant co-infections. PLoS One 2013; 8:e80382. [PMID: 24244682 PMCID: PMC3823622 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
HPV16 variants correlate with geographic origin and ethnicity. The association between infection with a specific variant and the cervical disease risk remains unclear. We studied the prevalence, persistence and association with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) of different HPV16 variants, using cervical swabs and whole tissue sections (WTS) of biopsies from 548 women in the placebo group of a HPV16/18 vaccine trial. In HPV16-positive samples, HPV16 variants were identified by a reverse hybridization assay (RHA). Laser-capture micro-dissection (LCM) was performed for localized detection of HPV. HPV16 variants were determined in 47 women. Frequency of mixed HPV16 variant infections was lower (8.5%) than for multiple HPV genotypes (39.1%). Among 35 women having consecutive HPV16 variant-positive swabs, 32 (91.4%) had the same variant while in three (8.6%) women a change in variant(s) was observed. HPV16-positive WTS were obtained from 12 women having consecutive HPV16 variant-positive swabs. The same variant was present in WTS of 10 women, while two were negative. WTS of five women were histologically normal. A single HPV16 variant was detected in four women having CIN1-3, while additional HPV genotypes were found in three other women having CIN2 and CIN3. In the WTS of one woman with mixed genotypes, the HPV16 variant was assigned to a CIN2 lesion by LCM. HPV16 variant infections can be effectively studied in cervical swabs and tissue specimens by the HPV16 variant RHA. Multiple HPV16 variants in one woman are rare. The HPV16 genotype consistently detected in follow-up samples usually involves a persistent infection with the same variant.
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Ferenczi A, Gyöngyösi E, Szalmás A, Hernádi Z, Tóth Z, Kónya J, Veress G. Sequence variation of human papillomavirus type 31 long control region: phylogenetic and functional implications. J Med Virol 2013; 85:852-9. [PMID: 23508911 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.23542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
About one-third of human papillomavirus (HPV) types infect the anogenital tract. High-risk genital HPV types (such as HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, and 35) are linked causally to the development of cervical cancer. The long control region (LCR) of the HPV genome regulates the replication and transcription of the viral genome. In this study, the functional significance of nucleotide sequence variation within the LCR of HPV 31 was investigated. The LCR was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from 41 HPV 31 positive cervical samples of Hungarian women. A phylogenetic tree constructed from the nucleotide sequences of the LCR variants revealed the presence of three intratypic variant lineages of HPV 31, in accordance with previous results. In order to explore the functional consequences of sequence variation in the LCR of HPV 31, selected LCR variants were cloned into a luciferase reporter vector, transfected into C33-A cells and tested in luciferase reporter assays. Significant differences were found between the transcriptional activities of HPV 31 LCR variants belonging to different variant lineages. As the LCR is governing the transcription of the E6 and E7 oncogenes, the differences in the transcriptional activities of LCR variants may be associated with differences in their oncogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamária Ferenczi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical and Health Science Centre, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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23
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Burk RD, Harari A, Chen Z. Human papillomavirus genome variants. Virology 2013; 445:232-43. [PMID: 23998342 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2013.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Amongst the human papillomaviruses (HPVs), the genus Alphapapillomavirus contains HPV types that are uniquely pathogenic. They can be classified into species and types based on genetic distances between viral genomes. Current circulating infectious HPVs constitute a set of viral genomes that have evolved with the rapid expansion of the human population. Viral variants were initially identified through restriction enzyme polymorphisms and more recently through sequence determination of viral fragments. Using partial sequence information, the history of variants, and the association of HPV variants with disease will be discussed with the main focus on the recent utilization of full genome sequence information for variant analyses. The use of multiple sequence alignments of complete viral genomes and phylogenetic analyses have begun to define variant lineages and sublineages using empirically defined differences of 1.0-10.0% and 0.5-1.0%, respectively. These studies provide the basis to define the genetics of HPV pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert D Burk
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx 10461, NY, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx 10461, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx 10461, NY, USA; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx 10461, NY, USA.
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Prevalence and genetic variability in capsid L1 gene of rare human papillomaviruses (HPV) found in cervical lesions of women from North-East Brazil. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:546354. [PMID: 23865057 PMCID: PMC3705854 DOI: 10.1155/2013/546354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and genetic variability of the capsid L1 gene of rare HPV genotypes that were found in the cervical lesions of women from North-East Brazil. A total number of 263 patients were included in this study. HPV detection was performed using PCR followed by direct sequencing of MY09/11, as well as type-specific PCR to detect the Alpha-9 species. Epitope prediction was performed to determine whether or not the genetic variants are inserted in B-cell and T-cell epitopes. The prevalence of rare HPV types in cervical lesions was found to be 9.47%. The rare HPV genotypes that were detected were HPV-53, 54, 56, 61, 62, 66, 70, and 81. The genetic variability in the L1 gene of rare HPV types involved thirty nucleotide changes, eight of which were detected for the first time in this study. Moreover, some of these variants are embedded in B-cell or T-cell epitope regions. The results of this research suggest that rare HPV types might be involved in cervical lesions and some of these variants can be found in B-cell and T-cell epitopes. Data on the prevalence and variability of rare HPV types will assist in clarifying the role of these viruses in carcinogenesis.
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Phylogenetic analysis of partial L1 gene of 10 human papillomavirus types isolated most commonly from women with normal and abnormal cervical cytology in Kuwait. Arch Virol 2013; 158:1687-99. [PMID: 23504106 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-013-1658-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to evaluate the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) variants in cervical samples. L1 genetic variable region was studied in 10 HPV types: HPV 11, 16, 18, 33, 53, 54, 56, 61, 66 and 81. A total of 116 isolates were examined, including 47 HPVs isolated from women with normal cytology and 69 with abnormal cytology of different grades. HPV sequences were detected using MY09/MY11 consensus primers. Fifty silent and 65 missense mutations were detected. Two missense mutations were detected in HPV18, 3 in HPV56 and 17 in HPV61. The number of missense mutations per isolate ranged from 1 to 3, except in HPV54 and HPV61, where 7 and 11 missense mutations were found, respectively. Most of the isolates (52.3 %) with missense mutations were isolated from women with abnormal cervical samples. Low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion cytology diagnosis dominated all cervical abnormalities. This study is the first on the identification of molecular variants in the Middle East and suggests the circulation of new HPV subtypes and variants in Kuwait, which needs to be confirmed by further analysis of the complete HPV genome.
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Formentin A, Archambault J, Koushik A, Richardson H, Brassard P, Franco EL, Coutlée F. Human papillomavirus type 52 polymorphism and high-grade lesions of the uterine cervix. Int J Cancer 2012; 132:1821-30. [PMID: 23015309 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The association between polymorphism of human papillomavirus type 52 (HPV52) and high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2,3) was investigated in Canadian women. HPV-52-positive endocervical specimens collected from 216 women selected from a total of 3,614 participants recruited in two case-control and two cohort studies conducted in Canada, were further analyzed by PCR-sequencing of the LCR and E6 gene. Overall, the HPV52 LCR prototype was detected more frequently in Caucasian women (69 of 132, 52.3%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 43.8%-60.6%) than in non-Caucasian women (15 of 48, 31.3%, 95% CI 19.9%-45.4%). In two cohort studies, HPV52 prototype was detected in seven of 15 (46.7%, 95% CI 24.8-69.9) HPV52 persistent infections and 14 of 35 (40.0%, 95% CI 25.5-56.5) transient infections (p = 0.76). In two case-control studies, 30 participants did not have CIN, 18 had low-grade CIN (CIN1), 64 had CIN2,3, seven had cervical cancer and the diagnosis was undefined for 27 women. Variant MTL-52-LCR-02 was detected more frequently in women with cancer (28.6%, 95% CI 7.6%-64.8%) than in women without cancer or CIN2,3 (0%, 95% CI 0.0%-9.2%; p = 0.015). CIN2,3 risk was significantly associated with a deletion at nucleotide position 7695 in the LCR (OR 4.9, 95% CI 1.2-20.8), the T7744C variation in the LCR (OR 5.7, 95% CI 1.1-32.0), and the K93R variation in E6 (OR 6.9, 95% CI 1.3-36.8), after adjusting for age, detection of HPV16 or 18 and study site. These findings indicate that HPV52 polymorphism influences risk of CIN-2,3 and possibly invasive cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Formentin
- Centre de Recherche et Département de Microbiologie Médicale et Infectiologie, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Xi LF, Schiffman M, Koutsky LA, He Z, Winer RL, Hulbert A, Lee SK, Ke Y, Kiviat NB. Persistence of newly detected human papillomavirus type 31 infection, stratified by variant lineage. Int J Cancer 2012; 132:549-55. [PMID: 22729840 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2012] [Accepted: 05/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Variants of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 31 have been shown to be related both to risk of cervical lesions and racial composition of a population. It is largely undetermined whether variants differ in their likelihood of persistence. Study subjects were women who participated in the ASCUS-LSIL Triage Study and who had a newly detected HPV31 infection during a two-year follow-up with six-month intervals. HPV31 isolates were characterized by sequencing and assigned to one of three variant lineages. Loss of the newly detected HPV31 infection was detected in 76 (47.5%) of the 160 women (32/67 with A variants, 16/27 with B variants and 28/66 with C variants). The adjusted hazard ratio associating loss of the infection was 1.2 (95% CI, 0.7-2.1) for women with A variants and 2.1 (95% CI, 1.2-3.5) for women with B variants when compared with those with C variants. Infections with A and C variants were detected in 50 and 41 Caucasian women and in 15 and 23 African-American women, respectively. The likelihood of clearance of the infection was significantly lower in African-American women with C variants than in African-American women with A variants (p = 0.05). There was no difference in the likelihood of clearance between A and C variants among Caucasian women. Our data indicated that infections with B variants were more likely to resolve than those with C variants. The difference in clearance of A vs. C variants in African-Americans, but not in Caucasians, suggests a possibility of the race-related influence in retaining the variant-specific infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Fu Xi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104, USA.
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Fragoso-Ontiveros V, María Alvarez-García R, Contreras-Paredes A, Vaca-Paniagua F, Alonso Herrera L, López-Camarillo C, Jacobo-Herrera N, Lizano-Soberón M, Pérez-Plasencia C. Gene expression profiles induced by E6 from non-European HPV18 variants reveals a differential activation on cellular processes driving to carcinogenesis. Virology 2012; 432:81-90. [PMID: 22743128 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2012.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2012] [Revised: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 05/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer in developed countries remains as a major concern on public health policies due to incidence and mortality rates. Persistent infection with high risk human papillomavirus is a necessary etiological agent in the progression to invasive cervical carcinoma. A proposed hypothesis is the association between more aggressive HPV variants and the risk to develop cervical cancer. In order to have a global perspective in terms of cellular transcripts and molecular pathways affected by HPV18 E6 intratype variants; we conducted a genome wide analysis of gene expression. Our results show that E6 derived from non-European variants are able to up-regulate cellular transcripts associated to the hallmarks of cancer; such as cell cycle, migration, Wnt pathway and mTor signaling. Moreover, we were able to show that HPV18 E6 from African variant had a major effect on cellular processes such as cell cycle and migration as confirmed by functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Fragoso-Ontiveros
- Laboratorio de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología. Av. San Fernando 22, Col. Sección XVI, CP 14080 Tlalpan, DF, Mexico.
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Marincevic-Zuniga Y, Gustavsson I, Gyllensten U. Multiply-primed rolling circle amplification of human papillomavirus using sequence-specific primers. Virology 2012; 432:57-62. [PMID: 22739442 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2012.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Revised: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 05/24/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Multiply-primed rolling circle amplification (RCA) is a suitable technique for amplification of circular templates and has been used to identify novel human papillomaviruses (HPV). In this study we develop an efficient RCA for whole genome amplification of HPV using HPV-specific primers in clinical samples and establish a protocol for whole genome sequencing using the Sanger method. Amplification of cloned HPV-genomes by RCA was compared using specific primers against random hexamers. Using HPV-specific primers increased the effectiveness on average 15.2 times and the enrichment of HPV relative to human gDNA on average 62.2 times, as compared to using random hexamer. RCA products were sequenced without need for cloning, even when using low-input amounts. The technique was successfully used on 4 patient samples from FTA cards, to generate whole HPV-genome sequences. Degenerated HPV-specific primers for RCA produce DNA of sufficient quality and quantity suitable for sequencing and other potential downstream analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanara Marincevic-Zuniga
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, SciLife Lab Uppsala, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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30
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Kahla S, Oueslati S, Achour M, Kochbati L, Chanoufi MB, Maalej M, Oueslati R. Correlation between ebv co-infection and HPV16 genome integrity in Tunisian cervical cancer patients. Braz J Microbiol 2012; 43:744-53. [PMID: 24031886 PMCID: PMC3768824 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822012000200039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2011] [Revised: 09/22/2011] [Accepted: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with high risk Human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is necessary but not sufficient to cause cervical carcinoma. This study explored whether multiple HR-HPV or coinfection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) influence the integration status of HPV16 genome. The presence and typing of HPV in a series of 125 cervical specimens were assessed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using the specific primers for the HPV L1 region. As for EBV infection, the viral EBNA1 gene was used for its detection through PCR amplification. Disruption of the HPV E2 gene was assessed by amplification of the entire E2 gene with single set of primers, while E2 transcripts were evaluated by a reverse transcription PCR method (RT-PCR). The overall prevalence of HPVDNA was of 81.8% in cervical cancers versus 26.9% in benign lesions. In HPV positive cases, HPV16 and HPV18 were the most prevalent types, followed by HPV types 33, 31. EBV EBNA1 prevalence was statistically more frequent in cervical carcinomas than in benign lesions (29.5%, vs 9.6%; P=0.01). No viral infection was detected in healthy control women. The uninterrupted E2 gene was correlated with the presence of E2 transcripts originating from the HPV episomal forms. It was observed that integration was more common in HPV18 and EBV coinfection. The presence of EBV caused a five-fold [OR= 5; CI= 1.15-21.8; P = 0.04] increase in the risk of HPV16 genome integration in the host genome. This study indicates that EBV infection is acting as a cofactor for induction of cervical cancer by favoring HPVDNA integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saloua Kahla
- Unit of Immunology Microbiology Environmental and Carcinogenesis (IMEC), Science Faculty of Bizerte, University of Carthage , 7021 Jarzouna, Bizerte , Tunisia
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de Freitas AC, Gurgel APAD, Chagas BS, Coimbra EC, do Amaral CMM. Susceptibility to cervical cancer: an overview. Gynecol Oncol 2012; 126:304-11. [PMID: 22484226 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2012.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2011] [Revised: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 03/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in females worldwide. It is well-established that Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infections play a critical role in the development of cervical cancer. However, a large number of women infected with oncogenic HPV types will never develop cervical cancer. Thus, there are several external environment and genetic factors involved in the progression of a precancerous lesion to invasive cancer. In this review article, we addressed possible susceptible phenotypes to cervical cancer, focusing on host genome and HPV DNA variability, multiple HPV infections, co-infection with other agents, circulating HPV DNA and lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Carlos de Freitas
- Laboratory of Molecular Studies and Experimental Therapy, Department of Genetics, Center for Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
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Xi LF, Schiffman M, Koutsky LA, Hulbert A, Lee SK, Defilippis V, Shen Z, Kiviat NB. Association of human papillomavirus type 31 variants with risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grades 2-3. Int J Cancer 2012; 131:2300-7. [PMID: 22396129 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 02/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Although the lineages of human papillomavirus type 31 (HPV31) variants are recognized, their clinical relevance is unknown. The purpose of our study was to examine risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia Grades 2-3 (CIN2/3) by HPV31 variants. Study subjects were women who participated in the atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion Triage Study and who had HPV31 infections detected at one or more visits. They were followed semi-annually over 2 years for detection of HPV DNA and cervical lesion. HPV31 isolates were characterized by DNA sequencing and assigned into 1 of 3 variant lineages. CIN2/3 was histologically confirmed in 127 (27.0%) of the 470 HPV31-positive women, 83 diagnosed at the first HPV31-positive visit and 44 thereafter. The odds ratio for the association of 2-year cumulative risk of CIN2/3 was 1.7 (95% CI: 1.0-2.9) for infections with A variants and 2.2 (95% CI: 1.2-3.9) for infections with B variants as compared to those with C variants. Among women without CIN2/3 at the first HPV31-positive visit, the risk of subsequent CIN2/3 was 2.2-fold greater for those with A variants (95% CI: 1.0-4.8) and 2.0-fold greater for those with B variants (95% CI: 0.9-4.9) as compared to those with C variants. Similar associations were observed when CIN3 was used as the endpoint. The findings from our study help to tag HPV31 variants that differ in risk of CIN2/3 and to explain in part why some HPV31 infections regress spontaneously and others lead to disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Fu Xi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104, USA.
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33
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Evolution and taxonomic classification of human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16)-related variant genomes: HPV31, HPV33, HPV35, HPV52, HPV58 and HPV67. PLoS One 2011; 6:e20183. [PMID: 21673791 PMCID: PMC3103539 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2011] [Accepted: 04/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16) species group (alpha-9) of the Alphapapillomavirus genus contains HPV16, HPV31, HPV33, HPV35, HPV52, HPV58 and HPV67. These HPVs account for 75% of invasive cervical cancers worldwide. Viral variants of these HPVs differ in evolutionary history and pathogenicity. Moreover, a comprehensive nomenclature system for HPV variants is lacking, limiting comparisons between studies. Methods DNA from cervical samples previously characterized for HPV type were obtained from multiple geographic regions to screen for novel variants. The complete 8 kb genomes of 120 variants representing the major and minor lineages of the HPV16-related alpha-9 HPV types were sequenced to capture maximum viral heterogeneity. Viral evolution was characterized by constructing phylogenic trees based on complete genomes using multiple algorithms. Maximal and viral region specific divergence was calculated by global and pairwise alignments. Variant lineages were classified and named using an alphanumeric system; the prototype genome was assigned to the A lineage for all types. Results The range of genome-genome sequence heterogeneity varied from 0.6% for HPV35 to 2.2% for HPV52 and included 1.4% for HPV31, 1.1% for HPV33, 1.7% for HPV58 and 1.1% for HPV67. Nucleotide differences of approximately 1.0% - 10.0% and 0.5%–1.0% of the complete genomes were used to define variant lineages and sublineages, respectively. Each gene/region differs in sequence diversity, from most variable to least variable: noncoding region 1 (NCR1) /noncoding region 2 (NCR2) >upstream regulatory region (URR)> E6/E7 > E2/L2 > E1/L1. Conclusions These data define maximum viral genomic heterogeneity of HPV16-related alpha-9 HPV variants. The proposed nomenclature system facilitates the comparison of variants across epidemiological studies. Sequence diversity and phylogenies of this clinically important group of HPVs provides the basis for further studies of discrete viral evolution, epidemiology, pathogenesis and preventative/therapeutic interventions.
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Orozco-Colín A, Carrillo-García A, Méndez-Tenorio A, Ponce-de-León S, Mohar A, Maldonado-Rodríguez R, Guerra-Arias R, Flores-Gil O, Sotelo-Regil R, Lizano M. Geographical variation in human papillomavirus prevalence in Mexican women with normal cytology. Int J Infect Dis 2010; 14:e1082-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2010.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2010] [Revised: 07/27/2010] [Accepted: 07/29/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Vrtačnik Bokal E, Kocjan BJ, Poljak M, Bogovac Ž, Jančar N. Genomic variants of human papillomavirus genotypes 16, 18, and 33 in women with cervical cancer in Slovenia. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2010; 36:1204-13. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0756.2010.01316.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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36
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Cornut G, Gagnon S, Hankins C, Money D, Pourreaux K, Franco EL, Coutlée F. Polymorphism of the capsid L1 gene of human papillomavirus types 31, 33, and 35. J Med Virol 2010; 82:1168-78. [PMID: 20513080 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.21777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The L1 gene encodes for the major capsid protein of human papillomaviruses (HPV). There is limited information on the polymorphism of L1 for types related to HPV-16. This report explores the polymorphism of L1 in phylogenetically related types 31, 33, and 35 compared to HPV-16. Genital specimens collected from 732 HIV-seropositive and 323 HIV-seronegative women were screened for HPV DNA with consensus L1 PCR. Cervical samples positive for HPV-16 (n = 74), HPV-31 (n = 78), HPV-33 (n = 37), and HPV-35 (n = 58) were further characterized by PCR-sequencing of the complete L1 gene. The number of nucleotide substitutions within L1 ranged from 19 for HPV-33 to 52 for HPV-31. The ratio of the number of variants/number of isolates tested was higher for HPV-31 (56.4%, P = 0.05) and HPV-35 (60.3%, P = 0.04) compared to HPV-16 (40.5%), while this ratio was lower for HPV-33 (24.3%), although not significantly (P = 0.14). The maximal distance between HPV variants was greater in the five putative surface-exposed loops of L1 than in sequences outside the loops (P < 0.01). Synonymous variations were encountered in 1.7% (95% CI 1.1-2.3) of nucleotides inside the L1 loops and 2.4% (95% CI1.2-3.7) of nucleotides outside the L1 loops. Non-synonymous variations were encountered in 1.8% (95% CI 1.1-2.5) of nucleotides within the L1 loops and 0.2% (95% CI 0-0.4) of nucleotides outside the loops. dN/dS ratios were below 1.0 in extra-loop and intra-loop regions, but they were lower in extra-loop regions. These results suggest that sequences within and outside the hypervariable loops of L1 were under selective constraint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilbert Cornut
- Centre de Recherche and Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Lizano M, Berumen J, García-Carrancá A. HPV-related carcinogenesis: basic concepts, viral types and variants. Arch Med Res 2010; 40:428-34. [PMID: 19853182 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2009.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2006] [Accepted: 05/28/2006] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) constitutes a diverse group of small DNA virus, some extensively studied during the last three decades due to their carcinogenic potential. Persistence of viral infections and uncontrolled expression of E6 and E7 viral oncogenes are critical events in transformation. A surprisingly large number of different HPV types have been identified and classified (>100) and it has been anticipated that almost 200 may exist. HPV types are thought to have originated very early during human evolution and are now defined by their L1 genomic sequence, differing by >10% among them. Importantly, viral types are cell-type specific and usually produce different kinds of lesions, benign or malignant. In addition, these types have co-evolved with their hosts and have generated what we call now intratype variants. Variants of HPV types are found associated with the ethnicity of the populations and have been grouped geographically. It is believed that HPV intratype variants may differ in biological behavior. Recognition of the crucial role that some specific HPV types play in cervical cancer development is highly important for their prevention and implementation of public health strategies to control cervical cancer, still the leading cause of death among cancer patients in many developing nations. Here we review basic concepts of HPV-induced carcinogenesis and molecular differences found among HPV types and intratype variants and discuss their clinical and functional implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Lizano
- Unidad de Cáncer, Investigación Biomédica en División de Investigación Basica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, SSA, Mexico, D.F., Mexico.
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Zuna RE, Moore WE, Shanesmith RP, Dunn ST, Wang SS, Schiffman M, Blakey GL, Teel T. Association of HPV16 E6 variants with diagnostic severity in cervical cytology samples of 354 women in a US population. Int J Cancer 2009; 125:2609-13. [PMID: 19569178 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.24706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
It has been suggested that DNA sequence variants of HPV16 contribute to differences in the behavior of individual cervical lesions. To address this question, we have analyzed the association of HPV16 variants with diagnostic severity in 354 HPV16-positive Oklahoman women. HPV16 variant status was determined by PCR amplification and DNA sequencing of the E6 open reading frame. European sequences were identified in 86% of samples and 14% were non-European. Of the 51 non-European cases, 61% were Asian-American, 23% African and 16% were Native American variants. European prototype and related variants were present in comparable numbers (43% each) but the relative proportion of each differed with diagnostic category. In general, the proportion of European variants and non-European variants increased with diagnostic severity while the European prototype decreased. When adjusted for age and race (white, black or Hispanic), the increased risk for carcinoma/severe dysplasia for non-European variants was statistically significant with an odds ratio of 3.8 (1.3-10.7). However, the analogous comparison for the European variants, although also showing increased association with carcinoma/severe dysplasia, did not reach statistical significance (OR = 1.6 (95% CI 0.7-3.6). Overall, HPV16 European sequences (both prototype and related variants), were predominant in Oklahoman women including those with cancers. This suggests that while there appear to be differences among the HPV16-variant categories in risk for progression to invasive cancer, all variant categories are associated with the development of invasive cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary E Zuna
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
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Burk RD, Chen Z, Van Doorslaer K. Human papillomaviruses: genetic basis of carcinogenicity. Public Health Genomics 2009; 12:281-90. [PMID: 19684441 DOI: 10.1159/000214919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent infection by specific oncogenic human papillomaviruses (HPVs) is established as the necessary cause of cervix cancer. DNA sequence differences between HPV genomes determine whether an HPV has the potential to cause cancer. Of the more than 100 HPV genotypes characterized at the genetic level, at least 15 are associated, to varying degrees, with cervical cancer. Classification based on nucleotide similarity places nearly all HPVs that infect the cervicovaginal area within the alpha-PV genus. Within this genus, phylogenetic trees inferred from the entire viral genome cluster all cancer-causing types together, suggesting the existence of a common ancestor for the oncogenic HPVs. However, in separate trees built from the early open reading frames (ORFs; i.e. E1, E2, E6, E7) or the late ORFs (i.e. L1, L2), the carcinogenic potential sorts with the early region of the genome, but not the late region. Thus, genetic differences within the early region specify the pathogenic potential of alpha-HPV infections. Since the HPV genomes are monophyletic and sites are highly correlated across the genome, diagnosis of oncogenic types and non-oncogenic types can be accomplished using any region across the genome. Here we review our current understanding of the evolutionary history of the oncogenic HPVs, in particular, we focus on the importance of viral genome heterogeneity and discuss the genetic basis for the oncogenic phenotype in some but not all alpha-PVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert D Burk
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, New York, NY 10461, USA.
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40
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Conesa-Zamora P, Ortiz-Reina S, Moya-Biosca J, Doménech-Peris A, Orantes-Casado FJ, Pérez-Guillermo M, Egea-Cortines M. Genotype distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) and co-infections in cervical cytologic specimens from two outpatient gynecological clinics in a region of southeast Spain. BMC Infect Dis 2009; 9:124. [PMID: 19664248 PMCID: PMC2731031 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-9-124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2009] [Accepted: 08/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human Papillomavirus (HPV) genotype distribution and co-infection occurrence was studied in cervical cytologic specimens from Murcia Region, (southeast Spain), to obtain information regarding the possible effect of the ongoing vaccination campaign against HPV16 and HPV18. Methods A total of 458 cytologic specimens were obtained from two outpatient gynecological clinics. These included 288 normal benign (N/B) specimens, 56 atypical squamous cell of undetermined significance (ASC-US), 75 low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) and 39 high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL). HPV genotyping was performed using PCR and tube array hybridization. Results The most frequent genotype found was HPV16 (14.9% in N/B; 17.9% in ASC-US; 29.3% in LSIL and 33.3% HSIL). Distribution of other genotypes was heavily dependent on the cytologic diagnoses. Co-infections were found in 15.3% of N/B, 10.7% of ASC-US, 48% of LSIL and 25.6% of HSIL cases (significantly different at p < 0.001). Strikingly, in N/B diagnoses, genotypes from A5 species were found as coinfecting in all cases. Genotypes from A7 or A9 species appeared in co-infections in 56.5% and 54% respectively whereas genotypes from A6 species appeared in 25.1% of cases. Conclusion HPV vaccination might prevent 34.6% and 35.8% of LSIL and HSIL, respectively. Co-infection rate is dependent on both cytologic diagnosis and HPV genotype. Moreover, genotypes belonging to A5, A7 and A9 species are more often found as co-infections than genotype pertaining to A6 species. This suggests that phylogenetically related genotypes might have in common similar grades of dependency for cervical epithelium colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Conesa-Zamora
- Grupo de Patología Molecular y Farmacogenética FFIS011, Hospital Universitario Santa María del Rosell, Cartagena, Spain.
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Functional implication of sequence variation in the long control region and E2 gene among human papillomavirus type 18 variants. Arch Virol 2009; 154:747-54. [PMID: 19337781 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-009-0362-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2008] [Accepted: 03/11/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer incidence remains highly frequent in developing countries. It is possible that populations of these countries are exposed to more oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) variants. Functional differences among high-risk HPV variants have been described, suggesting repercussions on their oncogenic potential. In this report, we demonstrate that the long control region (LCR) of HPV18 variants has distinct transcriptional activities in different cervical cancer cell lines. African (Af)-LCR possessed the lowest transcriptional activity; its sequence harbors the highest number of nucleotide changes among the HPV18 variants analyzed. Some of these embedded in identified transcription-factor-binding sites, suggesting a less aggressive biological activity possibly involved in a slower progression of cervical lesions. Asian-Amerindian LCR showed distinct activities among cell types, while European LCR activity was similar in cell lines tested. Despite multiple nucleotide substitutions found in HPV18 E2 variant genes, their repressive activities over homologous LCRs were not distinct among variants.
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42
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de Araujo Souza PS, Sichero L, Maciag PC. HPV variants and HLA polymorphisms: the role of variability on the risk of cervical cancer. Future Oncol 2009; 5:359-70. [DOI: 10.2217/fon.09.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is linked to the development of cervical cancer, and several cofactors contribute to the risk of disease. Research on the intratypic variability of HPVs has defined variants that are associated with persistent infections and are potentially more oncogenic, translating to a higher risk of malignant disease. The genetic variability of the host also plays a role in the risk of cervical cancer, especially genes controlling the immune response, such as HLA class I and II. These highly polymorphic genes are important risk determinants of HPV persistence and disease progression. The interaction between host and viral factors is complex and needs to be further investigated, paving the way to better define the patients at the highest risk of developing malignant diseases linked to HPV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Savio de Araujo Souza
- Division of Cellular Biology, Brazilian National Cancer Institute, R Andre Cavalcanti, 37–5o andar, 22231–090 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Laura Sichero
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, R. João Julião, 245, 01323–903 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cesar Maciag
- Advaxis Inc., 675 US Highway 1, Suite 120, North Brunswick, NJ 08902, USA
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Raiol T, Wyant PS, de Amorim RMS, Cerqueira DM, Milanezi NVG, Brígido MDM, Sichero L, Martins CRF. Genetic variability and phylogeny of the high-risk HPV-31, -33, -35, -52, and -58 in central Brazil. J Med Virol 2009; 81:685-92. [PMID: 19235839 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.21432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
More than 100 HPV types have been described, 13 of which are classified as high-risk due to their association with the development of cervical cancer. The intratype genomic diversity of HPV-16 and -18 has been studied extensively, while little data have been generated for other less common high-risk types. The present study explores the nucleotide variability and phylogeny of the high-risk HPV-31, -33, -35, -52, and -58, in samples from Central Brazil. For this purpose, the LCR and the E6 and L1 genes were sequenced. Several variants of these HPV types were detected, some of which have been detected in other parts of the world. Furthermore, new variants of all types examined were characterized in a total of 13 new variants. Based on the E6 and L1 sequences, variants were described comprising conservative and non-conservative amino acid changes. For phylogenetic tree construction, samples characterized in this study were compared to others described and submitted to GenBank previously. The phylogenetic analysis of HPV-31, -33, -35, and -58 isolates did not reveal ethnic or geographical clustering as observed previously for HPV-16 and -18. HPV-35 analysis showed a dichotomic branching characteristic of viral subtypes. Interestingly, four clusters relative to the analysis of HPV-52 isolates were identified, two of which could be classified as Asian and European branches. The genomic characterization of HPV variants is crucial for understanding the intrinsic geographical relatedness and biological differences of these viruses and contributes further to studies on their infectivity and pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tainá Raiol
- Department of Cellular Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
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Almonte M, Albero G, Molano M, Carcamo C, García PJ, Pérez G. Risk factors for human papillomavirus exposure and co-factors for cervical cancer in Latin America and the Caribbean. Vaccine 2008; 26 Suppl 11:L16-36. [PMID: 18945400 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of cervical cancer in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) is among the highest in the world. Because there are major demographic shifts happening in LAC countries (population growth, urbanization and ageing) cervical cancer incidence and mortality will likely continue to be a significant public health problem. Overall human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence in the LAC general population has been found to be 2-fold higher than the average worldwide prevalence. The large HPV and cancer burden may be explained by the highly prevalent HPV variants of HPV types -16 and 18, which have an increased oncogenic potential. Given the major mode of transmission of genital HPV is sexual, certain, patterns of sexual behaviour (early age at first sexual intercourse, number of sexual partners and sexual behaviour of the partner) are associated with an increased risk of HPV genital acquisition. Although HPV infection is necessary for carcinogenesis, certain co-factors (high parity, long term use of oral contraceptives, smoking and co-infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)) help in the progression from infection to cancer. Many studies that have contributed to this evidence have been carried out in LAC and are reviewed and summarised in this article. Since HPV vaccines will likely take years to implement, and many more years to show impact on disease, cervical cancer screening programmes remain as the key intervention to control disease in LAC in the years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maribel Almonte
- Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
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Evolutionary dynamics of variant genomes of human papillomavirus types 18, 45, and 97. J Virol 2008; 83:1443-55. [PMID: 19036820 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02068-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus type 18 (HPV18) and HPV45 account for approximately 20% of all cervix cancers. We show that HPV18, HPV45, and the recently discovered HPV97 comprise a clade sharing a most recent common ancestor within HPV alpha7 species. Variant lineages of these HPV types were classified by sequence analysis of the upstream regulatory region/E6 region among cervical samples from a population-based study in Costa Rica, and 27 representative genomes from each major variant lineage were sequenced. Nucleotide variation within HPV18 and HPV45 was 3.82% and 2.39%, respectively, and amino acid variation was 4.73% and 2.87%, respectively. Only 18 nucleotide variations, of which 10 were nonsynonymous, were identified among three HPV97 genomes. Full-genome comparisons revealed maximal diversity between HPV18 African and non-African variants (2.6% dissimilarity), whereas HPV18 Asian-American [E1 (AA)] and European (E2) variants were closely related (less than 0.5% dissimilarity); HPV45 genomes had a maximal difference of 1.6% nucleotides. Using a Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method, the divergence times of HPV18, -45, and -97 from their most recent common ancestors indicated that HPV18 diverged approximately 7.7 million years (Myr) ago, whereas HPV45 and HPV97 split off around 5.7 Myr ago, in a period encompassing the divergence of the great ape species. Variants within the HPV18/45/97 lineages were estimated to have diverged from their common ancestors in the genus Homo within the last 1 Myr (<0.7 Myr). To investigate the molecular basis of HPV18, HPV45, and HPV97 evolution, regression models of codon substitution were used to identify lineages and amino acid sites under selective pressure. The E5 open reading frame (ORF) of HPV18 and the E4 ORFs of HPV18, HPV45, and HPV18/45/97 had nonsynonymous/synonymous substitution rate ratios (d(N)/d(S)) over 1 indicative of positive Darwinian selection. The L1 ORF of HPV18 genomes had an increased proportion of nonsynonymous substitutions (4.93%; average d(N)/d(S) ratio [M3] = 0.3356) compared to HPV45 (1.86%; M3 = 0.1268) and HPV16 (2.26%; M3 = 0.1330) L1 ORFs. In contrast, HPV18 and HPV16 genomes had similar amino acid substitution rates within the E1 ORF (2.89% and 3.24%, respectively), while HPV45 E1 was highly conserved (amino acid substitution rate was 0.77%). These data provide an evolutionary history of this medically important clade of HPVs and identify an unexpected divergence of the L1 gene of HPV18 that may have clinical implications for the long-term use of an L1-virus-like particle-based prophylactic vaccine.
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Tornesello ML, Buonaguro L, Izzo S, Lopez G, Vega X, Maldonado Reyes CF, Buonaguro FM. A pilot study on the distribution of human papillomavirus genotypes and HPV-16 variants in cervical neoplastic lesions from Ecuadorian women. J Med Virol 2008; 80:1959-1965. [PMID: 18814248 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.21317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are the cause of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive carcinomas of the uterine cervix. The distribution of specific HPV genotypes varies greatly across populations and HPV surveys have been performed in different geographical regions in order to apply appropriate vaccine strategies. The aim of this study was to determine the spectrum of HPV genotypes and HPV-16 variants among women with cervical lesions living in Ecuador. A total of 71 cases have been analyzed, including 32 chronic cervicitis, 29 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1, and 10 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2-3. HPV sequences were detected by broad spectrum consensus-primer-pairs MY09/MY11 and GP5+/GP6+-based polymerase chain reaction and characterized by nucleotide sequence analysis. Overall, 31 (43.7%) cases were HPV positive with prevalence rates of 37.5%, 44.8%, and 60% in patients with chronic cervicitis, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2-3, respectively. Among the positive cases, the most common genotypes were HPV 16 (64.5%) and HPV 81 (29%) followed by HPV 31, 53, 56, and 58, in descending order of prevalence. Seventeen (85%) HPV-16 isolates were classified as European and three (15%) as African-1 variant on the basis of nucleotide signature present within the MY09/MY11 L1 sequence. The results suggest that HPV 16 has a very high prevalence among women with cervical lesions in Ecuador; therefore, an effective HPV-16 based vaccine should prevent the development of cervical cancer in a large proportion of Ecuadorian women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lina Tornesello
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology and AIDS Reference Centre, National Cancer Institute, Fond. Pascale, Naples, Italy
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Angeletti PC, Zhang L, Wood C. The viral etiology of AIDS-associated malignancies. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2008; 56:509-57. [PMID: 18086422 DOI: 10.1016/s1054-3589(07)56016-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter C Angeletti
- Nebraska Center for Virology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
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Márquez-Gutiérrez MA, Benítez-Hess ML, DiPaolo JA, Alvarez-Salas LM. Effect of combined antisense oligodeoxynucleotides directed against the human papillomavirus type 16 on cervical carcinoma cells. Arch Med Res 2007; 38:730-8. [PMID: 17845891 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2007.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2007] [Accepted: 04/23/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer is highly associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) E6 and E7 gene expression. We have previously reported two antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (AS-ODNs) directed against adjacent targets within the HPV-16 E6/E7 mRNA (419 and 434), each able to downregulate HPV-16 E6/E7 mRNA in vitro and in vivo and to specifically inhibit tumor cell growth in culture and animal models. METHODS Towards potential clinical application and improved in vivo performance, we analyzed the effect of the combined treatment of 419-434 AS-ODNs on the anchorage independent growth (AIG) of HPV-16-positive cervical carcinoma cell lines. RESULTS We found similar responses between combined 419-434 and individual AS-ODNs treatments in RNaseH assays, cell uptake, and in vivo degradation of HPV-16 E6/E7 transcripts. Moreover, the combined use of 419-434 AS-ODNs resulted in additive AIG inhibition of CaSki and SiHa cells, similar to that obtained with equivalent doses of the individual AS-ODNs. CONCLUSIONS By using a combined treatment, it may be possible to overcome the potential mutations frequently reported within HPV-16 genome, thus improving the potential application of 419 and 434 AS-ODNs as a therapeutic alternative for cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Márquez-Gutiérrez
- Laboratorio de Terapia Génica, Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, CINVESTAV, México DF, México
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Xi LF, Koutsky LA, Hildesheim A, Galloway DA, Wheeler CM, Winer RL, Ho J, Kiviat NB. Risk for high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia associated with variants of human papillomavirus types 16 and 18. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007; 16:4-10. [PMID: 17220325 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-06-0670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the variant lineages of human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 are well established, their individual associations with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) have not been extensively evaluated. METHODS Study subjects were women participating in the Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance/Low-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion Triage Study who were positive for HPV16 or HPV18 at enrollment. These women were followed every 6 months for 2 years. Viral isolates from enrollment samples were characterized by DNA sequencing and classified as variant lineages. RESULTS Over a 2-year study period, CIN3 was histologically diagnosed in 291 of the 779 HPV16-positive women and 47 of the 275 HPV18-positive women. Among women without CIN2-3 at enrollment, the risk of subsequent CIN3 was 2.7-fold greater for those with HPV16 African-2 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.0-7.0] and 3.1-fold greater for those with HPV16 Asian American (95% CI, 1.6-6.0), compared with European variants. Relative to infection with HPV18 African variants, the risk associating subsequent CIN3 was 3.8 (95% CI, 0.9-17.2) for infection with HPV18 European variants and 4.8 (95% CI, 1.0-23.6) for infection with HPV18 Asian American variants. Similar associations were observed when the 2-year prevalence of CIN3 was used as the end point. Further, for those with HPV16 European variants, the 2-year prevalence of CIN3 was higher in White women than in African American women (P = 0.01); this trend was reversed for those with HPV16 African-1 variants (P = 0.22). A similar pattern was present for infections with HPV18 European versus African variants. CONCLUSIONS The lineages of HPV16 and HPV18 variants are associated with differing risks for high-grade CIN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Fu Xi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98103, USA.
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50
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Tornesello ML, Duraturo ML, Buonaguro L, Vallefuoco G, Piccoli R, Palmieri S, Buonaguro FM. Prevalence of human papillomavirus genotypes and their variants in high risk West Africa women immigrants in South Italy. Infect Agent Cancer 2007; 2:1. [PMID: 17201927 PMCID: PMC1779264 DOI: 10.1186/1750-9378-2-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2006] [Accepted: 01/03/2007] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The distribution of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) varies greatly across populations and HPV surveys have been performed in different geographical regions in order to apply appropriate vaccine strategies. Little information, however, exists regarding HPV genotypes distribution in immigrant women from countries at high incidence for cervical cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the spectrum of HPVs and their variants among HIV-positive and HIV-negative women immigrants in South Italy mainly from West Africa and with a history of prostitution. RESULTS Cervical cytological samples have been collected from 14 HIV-positive and 31 HIV-negative immigrants (38 out of 45 were born in Nigeria), attending a gynecological outpatient clinic in the Campania region. Human papillomaviruses were detected by broad spectrum consensus-primer-pairs MY09/MY11 and GP5+/GP6+-based polymerase chain reaction and characterized by nucleotide sequence analysis. Altogether, 42.2% (19/45) of samples were HPV positive with detection rates of 57.1% (8/14) in HIV-positive and 35.5% (11/31) in HIV-negative women. Among the twelve different viral genotypes identified, HPV33, 58, 70 and 81 were the prevalent genotypes with a frequency of 6.7% each, followed by HPV16, 35, 42, 54, 31, 52, 56 and 67, in descending order of prevalence. Sequence homology studies performed on the L1 amplified fragments of HPV16, 52 and 58 isolates allowed the identification of nucleotide changes distinctive of non-European variants. CONCLUSION The overall HPV prevalence (42.2%) was high in this immigrant women group with the most common viral types other than HPV16 and 18, against which current vaccine strategies have been developed. The distribution of HPV genotypes and their variants in high-risk immigrants reflects that of their original countries. The surveillance of risk groups that may act as viral reservoirs of uncommon genotypes within different countries are necessary to determine the severity of HPV infection with the different viral types and to monitor a possible shift of prevalent strains following vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lina Tornesello
- Viral Oncology and AIDS Reference Centre, National Cancer Institute, "Fond. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Duraturo
- Viral Oncology and AIDS Reference Centre, National Cancer Institute, "Fond. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Buonaguro
- Viral Oncology and AIDS Reference Centre, National Cancer Institute, "Fond. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Piccoli
- Institute of Gynecology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Palmieri
- Gynecology and Obstetric Unit, Pineta Grande Hospital, Caserta, Italy
| | - Franco M Buonaguro
- Viral Oncology and AIDS Reference Centre, National Cancer Institute, "Fond. Pascale", Naples, Italy
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