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Cheng Y, Wang R, Wu Q, Chen J, Wang A, Wu Z, Sun F, Zhu S. Advancements in Research on Duck Tembusu Virus Infections. Viruses 2024; 16:811. [PMID: 38793692 PMCID: PMC11126125 DOI: 10.3390/v16050811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Duck Tembusu Virus (DTMUV) is a pathogen of the Flaviviridae family that causes infections in poultry, leading to significant economic losses in the duck farming industry in recent years. Ducks infected with this virus exhibit clinical symptoms such as decreased egg production and neurological disorders, along with serious consequences such as ovarian hemorrhage, organ enlargement, and necrosis. Variations in morbidity and mortality rates exist across different age groups of ducks. It is worth noting that DTMUV is not limited to ducks alone; it can also spread to other poultry such as chickens and geese, and antibodies related to DTMUV have even been found in duck farm workers, suggesting a potential risk of zoonotic transmission. This article provides a detailed overview of DTMUV research, delving into its genomic characteristics, vaccines, and the interplay with host immune responses. These in-depth research findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the virus's transmission mechanism and pathogenic process, offering crucial scientific support for epidemic prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Cheng
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Modern Animal Science and Novel Veterinary Pharmaceutic Development, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Veterinary Bio-Pharmaceutical High Technology Research, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (Y.C.)
| | - Ruoheng Wang
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Modern Animal Science and Novel Veterinary Pharmaceutic Development, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Veterinary Bio-Pharmaceutical High Technology Research, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (Y.C.)
| | - Qingguo Wu
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Modern Animal Science and Novel Veterinary Pharmaceutic Development, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Veterinary Bio-Pharmaceutical High Technology Research, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (Y.C.)
| | - Jinying Chen
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Modern Animal Science and Novel Veterinary Pharmaceutic Development, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Veterinary Bio-Pharmaceutical High Technology Research, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (Y.C.)
| | - Anping Wang
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Modern Animal Science and Novel Veterinary Pharmaceutic Development, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Veterinary Bio-Pharmaceutical High Technology Research, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (Y.C.)
| | - Zhi Wu
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Modern Animal Science and Novel Veterinary Pharmaceutic Development, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Veterinary Bio-Pharmaceutical High Technology Research, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (Y.C.)
| | - Fang Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Shanyuan Zhu
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Modern Animal Science and Novel Veterinary Pharmaceutic Development, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Veterinary Bio-Pharmaceutical High Technology Research, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (Y.C.)
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Peng C, Zhang Y, Chen L, Li Z, Lv P, Wang P, Li N, Wang F. Bacillus subtilis expressing duck Tembusu virus E protein induces immune protection in ducklings. Microb Pathog 2023; 185:106419. [PMID: 37866549 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) is an infectious disease that emerged in China in 2010. It has caused serious economic losses to the poultry industry and may pose a threat to public health. We aimed to develop a new Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis)-based oral vaccine to control DTMUV transmission among poultry; to this end, we constructed a B. subtilis strain that can secrete DTMUV E protein. Ducklings were orally immunized, and serum antibodies, mucosal antibodies, and splenic cytokines were detected. The results showed that, in addition to high levels of specific IgG, there were also high levels of specific secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) in ducklings orally treated with recombinant B. subtilis. In addition, the levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10 in spleens were significantly boosted by recombinant B. subtilis. Recombinant B. subtilis could effectively enhance ducklings resistance to DTMUV and significantly reduce viral load (p<0.01), along with pathological damage in the brain, heart, and spleen. This is the first study to apply a B. subtilis live-vector vaccine platform for DTMUV disease prevention and control, and our results suggest that B. subtilis expressing DTMUV E protein may be a candidate vaccine against DTMUV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Peng
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lijun Chen
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zixuan Li
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Penghao Lv
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ning Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Fangkun Wang
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China.
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Qu Z, Wu X, Guo X, Han H, Zhang P, Wang M, Song Y, Jiao F, He S, Lu S, Zhang X. Self-assembled nanoparticle with E protein domain III of DTMUV based on ferritin as carrier can induce a more comprehensive immune response and against DTMUV challenge in duck. Vet Microbiol 2023; 284:109820. [PMID: 37364454 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) causes severe reduction in egg production and neurological symptoms in ducklings. Vaccination is the primary measure used to prevent DTMUV infections. In this study, self-assembled nanoparticles with the E protein domain III of DTMUV, using ferritin as a carrier (EDⅢ-RFNp), were prepared using a prokaryotic expression system. Ducks were intramuscularly vaccinated with EDⅢ-RFNp, EDⅢ protein, an inactivated vaccine HB strain (InV-HB), and PBS. At 0, 4, and 6 weeks post-primary vaccination, the EDIII protein-specific antibody titre, IL-4, and IFN-γ concentrations in serum were determined by ELISA, and neutralising antibodies titres in sera were determined by virus neutralising assay. Peripheral blood lymphocytes proliferation was determined by CCK-8 kit. Following challenge with the virulent DTMUV strain, the clinical signals and survival rate of the vaccinated ducks were recorded, and DTMUV RNA levels in the blood and tissues of the surviving ducks were determined by real-time quantitative RT-PCR. The near-spherical EDⅢ-RFNp nanoparticles with 13.29 ± 1.43 nm diameter were observed by transmission electron microscope. At 4 and 6 weeks post-primary vaccination, special and Virus neutralisation (VN) antibodies, lymphocyte proliferation (stimulator index, SI), and concentrations of IL-4 and IFN-γ in the EDⅢ-RFNp group were significantly higher than in the EDⅢ and PBS groups. In the DTMUV virulent strain challenge test, the EDⅢ-RFNp-vaccinated ducks showed milder clinical signs and higher survival rates than EDⅢ- and PBS-vaccinated ducks. The DTMUV RNA levels in the blood and tissues of EDⅢ-RFNp-vaccinated ducks were significantly lower than those in EDⅢ- and PBS-vaccinated ducks. Additionally, the EDⅢ protein-special and VN antibodies, SI value, and concentration of IL-4 and IFN-γ in the InV-HB group was significantly higher than that of the PBS group at 4 and 6 weeks post-primary vaccination. InV-HB provided more efficient protection than PBS based on a higher survival rate, milder signals, and lower levels of the DTMUV virus in the blood and tissues. These results indicated that EDⅢ-RFNp effectively protected ducks against DTMUV challenge and could be a vaccine candidate to prevent DTMUV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhehui Qu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, PR China; Engineering and Technology Research Center for Waterfowl Resources Development and Utilization and Epidemic Disease Prevention and Control of Henan Province, Xinyang, Henan 46400, PR China; Xinyang Key Laboratory of Integrated Technology for Prevention and Control of Major Livestock and Poultry Diseases, Xinyang, Henan 46400, PR China.
| | - Xian Wu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, PR China; Engineering and Technology Research Center for Waterfowl Resources Development and Utilization and Epidemic Disease Prevention and Control of Henan Province, Xinyang, Henan 46400, PR China
| | - Xiaoqiu Guo
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, PR China
| | - Han Han
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, PR China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, PR China
| | - Mengxiao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, PR China
| | - Yilin Song
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, PR China
| | - Fengchao Jiao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, PR China; Engineering and Technology Research Center for Waterfowl Resources Development and Utilization and Epidemic Disease Prevention and Control of Henan Province, Xinyang, Henan 46400, PR China
| | - Shuhai He
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, PR China; Engineering and Technology Research Center for Waterfowl Resources Development and Utilization and Epidemic Disease Prevention and Control of Henan Province, Xinyang, Henan 46400, PR China
| | - Shaofang Lu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, PR China; Engineering and Technology Research Center for Waterfowl Resources Development and Utilization and Epidemic Disease Prevention and Control of Henan Province, Xinyang, Henan 46400, PR China
| | - Xiwen Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, PR China
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Xu B, Liu X, Yan D, Teng Q, Yuan C, Zhang Z, Liu Q, Li Z. Generation and characterization of chimeric Tembusu viruses containing pre-membrane and envelope genes of Japanese encephalitis virus. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1140141. [PMID: 37426013 PMCID: PMC10324654 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1140141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Since its outbreak in 2010, Tembusu virus (TMUV) has spread widely throughout China and Southeast Asia, causing significant economic losses to the poultry industry. In 2018, an attenuated vaccine called FX2010-180P (180P) was licensed for use in China. The 180P vaccine has demonstrated its immunogenicity and safety in mice and ducks. The potential use of 180P as a backbone for flavivirus vaccine development was explored by replacing the pre-membrane (prM) and envelope (E) genes of the 180P vaccine strain with those of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). Two chimeric viruses, 180P/JEV-prM-E and 180P/JEV-prM-ES156P with an additional E protein S156P mutation were successfully rescued and characterized. Growth kinetics studies showed that the two chimeric viruses replicated to similar titers as the parental 180P virus in cells. Animal studies also revealed that the virulence and neuroinvasiveness of the 180P/JEV-prM-E chimeric virus was decreased in mice inoculated intracerebrally (i.c.) and intranasally (i.n.), respectively, compared to the wild-type JEV strain. However, the chimeric 180P/JEV-prM-E virus was still more virulent than the parent 180P vaccine in mice. Additionally, the introduction of a single ES156P mutation in the chimeric virus 180P/JEV-prM-ES156P further attenuated the virus, which provided complete protection against challenge with a virulent JEV strain in the mouse model. These results indicated that the FX2010-180P could be used as a promising backbone for flavivirus vaccine development.
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Ni Z, Yun T, Chen L, Ye W, Hua J, Zhu Y, Liu G, Zhang C. Study on the Protective Immunity Induced by Pseudotyped Baculovirus Expressing the E Protein of Tembusu Virus in Ducklings. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1316. [PMID: 37510221 PMCID: PMC10378915 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV), a pathogenic flavivirus, has been causing significant economic losses in the Chinese poultry industry since 2010. This virus can severely decrease egg production and inhibit the growth of laying ducks and ducklings. While many vaccines have been developed to prevent DTMUV infection, fresh outbreaks continue to occur, as few effective vaccines are available. The E glycoprotein of DTMUV is the primary target for inducing protective immunity in the natural host. Therefore, we conducted an investigation and successfully developed a recombinant baculovirus containing the DTMUV E gene. Ducklings were then vaccinated with the purified protein derived from this virus as a potential vaccine candidate. Our findings demonstrated that the E glycoprotein of DTMUV was highly expressed in Sf9 cells. The vaccination of ducklings with the recombinant baculovirus Bac-E resulted in the induction of strong humoral and cellular immune responses. Most significantly, we observed that the vaccine provided 100% protective immunity against lethal challenges with the DTMUV YY5 strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Ni
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Tao Yun
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Liu Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Weicheng Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Jionggang Hua
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Yinchu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Guangqing Liu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy at Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Cun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
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Fang Y, Hang T, Yang LM, Xue JB, Fujita R, Feng XS, Jiang TG, Zhang Y, Li SZ, Zhou XN. Long-distance spread of Tembusu virus, and its dispersal in local mosquitoes and domestic poultry in Chongming Island, China. Infect Dis Poverty 2023; 12:52. [PMID: 37218001 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-023-01098-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chongming Island in China serves as a breeding and shelter point on the East Asian-Australasian Flyway. The resting frequency of migratory birds, abundance of mosquito populations, and the popular domestic poultry industry pose a potential risk of mosquito-borne zoonotic diseases. The aim of this study is to explore the role of migratory birds in the spread of mosquito-borne pathogens and their prevalent status on the island. METHODS We conducted a mosquito-borne pathogen surveillance in 2021, in Chongming, Shanghai, China. Approximately 67,800 adult mosquitoes belonging to ten species were collected to investigate the presence of flaviviruses, alphaviruses, and orthobunyaviruses by RT-PCR. Genetic and phylogenetic analyses were conducted to explore the virus genotype and potential nature source. Serological survey was performed by ELISA to characterize Tembusu virus (TMUV) infection among domestic poultry. RESULTS Two strains of TMUV and Chaoyang virus (CHAOV) and 47 strains of Quang Binh virus (QBV) were detected in 412 mosquito pools, with the infection rate of 0.16, 0.16, and 3.92 per 1000 Culex tritaeniorhynchus, respectively. Furthermore, TMUVs viral RNA was found in serum samples of domestic chickens and faecal samples of migratory birds. Antibodies against TMUV were detected in domestic avian serum samples, generally ranging from 44.07% in pigeons to 55.71% in ducks. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that the TMUV detected in Chongming belonged to Cluster 3, Southeast Asia origin, and most closely related to the CTLN strain, which caused a TMUV outbreak in chickens in Guangdong Province in 2020, but distant from strains obtained previously in Shanghai, which were involved in the 2010 TMUV outbreak in China. CONCLUSIONS We speculate that the TMUV was imported to Chongming Island through long-distance spreading by migratory birds from Southeast Asia, followed by spill over and transmission in mosquitoes and domestic avian species, threatening the local domestic poultry. In addition, the expansion and prevalence of insect-specific flaviviruses and its simultaneous circulation with mosquito-borne virus are worthy of close attention and further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Fang
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases,, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian Hang
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Min Yang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases,, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Bo Xue
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases,, Shanghai, China
| | - Ryosuke Fujita
- Laboratory of Sanitary Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Xue-Song Feng
- Shanghai Chongming Dongtan National Nature Reserve, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian-Ge Jiang
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases,, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shi-Zhu Li
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases,, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiao-Nong Zhou
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases,, Shanghai, China.
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Zhehui Q, Xiwen Z, Xiaoqiu G, Zhuoyan L, Wenjing Y, Shuoshuo L, Wen Z, Fengchao J, Shuhai H, Shaofang L. Self-Assembled Nanoparticles with E Protein Domains I and II of Duck Tembusu Virus Can Induce a More Comprehensive Immune Response Against the Duck Tembusu Virus Challenge. Avian Dis 2023; 67:49-56. [PMID: 37140111 DOI: 10.1637/aviandiseases-d-22-00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) is a pathogenic flavivirus that causes a substantial drop in egg production and severe neurological disorders in domestic waterfowl. Self-assembled ferritin nanoparticles with E protein domains I and II (EDI-II) of DTMUV (EDI-II-RFNp) were prepared, and its morphology was observed. Two independent experiments were conducted. First, Cherry Valley ducks aged 14 days were vaccinated with EDI-II-RFNp, EDI-II, and phosphate buffered solution (PBS, pH 7.4), and special and virus neutralization (VN) antibodies, interleukin 4 (IL-4) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) in serum, and lymphocyte proliferation were detected. Second, the vaccinated ducks with EDI-II-RFNp, EDI-II, and PBS were injected with virulent DTMUV, clinical signs at 7 days postinfection (dpi) were observed, and mRNA levels of DTMUV in the lungs, liver, and brain at 7 and 14 dpi were detected. The results showed near-spherical nanoparticles EDI-II-RFNp with a 16.46 ± 4.70 nm diameters. The levels of specific and VN antibodies, IL-4 and IFN-γ, and lymphocyte proliferation in the EDI-II-RFNp group were significantly higher than those in the EDI-II and PBS groups. In the DTMUV challenge test, clinical signs and mRNA levels in tissue were used to evaluate protection of EDI-II-RFNp. EDI-II-RFNp-vaccinated ducks showed milder clinical signs and lower levels of DTMUV RNA in the lungs, liver, and brain. These results indicate that EDI-II-RFNp effectively protects ducks against the DTMUV challenge and could be a vaccine candidate to provide an effective and safe method for preventing and controlling DTMUV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qu Zhehui
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, PR China
| | - Zhang Xiwen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, PR China
| | - Guo Xiaoqiu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, PR China
| | - Li Zhuoyan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, PR China
| | - Yu Wenjing
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, PR China
| | - Lv Shuoshuo
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, PR China
| | - Zhang Wen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, PR China
| | - Jiao Fengchao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, PR China
| | - He Shuhai
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, PR China
| | - Lu Shaofang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, PR China
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Yan D, Li X, Wang Z, Liu X, Dong X, Fu R, Su X, Xu B, Teng Q, Yuan C, Zhang Z, Liu Q, Li Z. The emergence of a disease caused by a mosquito origin Cluster 3.2 Tembusu virus in chickens in China. Vet Microbiol 2022; 272:109500. [PMID: 35792374 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2022.109500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
In 2021, a chicken Tembusu virus (TMUV) caused outbreaks of a disease characterized by retarded growth and egg production decline in chickens in China. Two TMUV strains SD2021 and GX2021 were isolated from the diseased chickens and phylogenetic analysis of the E gene nucleotide sequence revealed that the chicken TMUV SD2021 and GX2021 were most close to mosquito origin TMUV in Cluster 3.2, which was distinct from the prevalent duck TMUVs in Cluster 2. The TMUV SD2021 caused growth retardation and neurological symptoms in chickens through both intranasal and intramuscular infection routes, but has no direct-contact transmissibility among chickens. The findings of this study highlight the pathogenicity of a chicken adapted mosquito-origin TMUV in chickens in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Yan
- Department of Avian Infectious Disease, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xuesong Li
- Department of Avian Infectious Disease, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhanxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Animal Husbandry and Environmental Control of Guangdong Province, Wen's Foodstuffs Group Co., Ltd., Xinxing 527400, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xingpo Liu
- Department of Avian Infectious Disease, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xuan Dong
- Department of Avian Infectious Disease, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Rui Fu
- Department of Avian Infectious Disease, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xin Su
- Department of Avian Infectious Disease, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Bangfeng Xu
- Department of Avian Infectious Disease, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Qiaoyang Teng
- Department of Avian Infectious Disease, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Chunxiu Yuan
- Department of Avian Infectious Disease, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhifei Zhang
- Department of Avian Infectious Disease, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Qinfang Liu
- Department of Avian Infectious Disease, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Zejun Li
- Department of Avian Infectious Disease, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, PR China.
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9
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Yan D, Wang B, Shi Y, Ni X, Wu X, Li X, Liu X, Wang H, Su X, Teng Q, Yang J, Liu Q, Li Z. A Single Mutation at Position 120 in the Envelope Protein Attenuates Tembusu Virus in Ducks. Viruses 2022; 14:v14030447. [PMID: 35336854 PMCID: PMC8951291 DOI: 10.3390/v14030447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A live attenuated duck Tembusu virus (TMUV) vaccine FX2010-180P (180P) was successfully utilized to prevent TMUV infections in ducks in China. Compared with wild-type TMUV, 180P was highly attenuated and lost transmissibility in ducks. However, the mechanism of the attenuation of 180P remains poorly understood. To explore the key molecular basis of attenuation, chimeric and site mutant viruses in the background of the wild-type TMUV-FX2010 (FX) strain were rescued, and the replication, tissue tropism, and transmissibility were characterized in ducks. The results show that the envelope (E) protein was responsible for attenuation and loss of transmission in ducks. Further studies showed that a D120N amino acid mutation located in domain II of the E protein was responsible for the attenuation and transmissibility loss of 180P in ducks. The D120N substitution resulted in an extra high-mannose type N-linked glycosylation (NLG) in the E protein of 180P compared with the wild-type TMUV, which might restrict the tissue tropism and transmissibility of TMUV in ducks. Our findings elucidate that N120 in the E protein is a key molecular basis of TMUV attenuation in ducks and provide new insight into the role of NLG in TMUV tissue tropism and transmissibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Yan
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (D.Y.); (B.W.); (Y.S.); (X.N.); (X.W.); (X.L.); (X.L.); (H.W.); (X.S.); (Q.T.); (J.Y.)
| | - Binbin Wang
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (D.Y.); (B.W.); (Y.S.); (X.N.); (X.W.); (X.L.); (X.L.); (H.W.); (X.S.); (Q.T.); (J.Y.)
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (D.Y.); (B.W.); (Y.S.); (X.N.); (X.W.); (X.L.); (X.L.); (H.W.); (X.S.); (Q.T.); (J.Y.)
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China
| | - Xintao Ni
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (D.Y.); (B.W.); (Y.S.); (X.N.); (X.W.); (X.L.); (X.L.); (H.W.); (X.S.); (Q.T.); (J.Y.)
| | - Xiaogang Wu
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (D.Y.); (B.W.); (Y.S.); (X.N.); (X.W.); (X.L.); (X.L.); (H.W.); (X.S.); (Q.T.); (J.Y.)
| | - Xuesong Li
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (D.Y.); (B.W.); (Y.S.); (X.N.); (X.W.); (X.L.); (X.L.); (H.W.); (X.S.); (Q.T.); (J.Y.)
| | - Xingpo Liu
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (D.Y.); (B.W.); (Y.S.); (X.N.); (X.W.); (X.L.); (X.L.); (H.W.); (X.S.); (Q.T.); (J.Y.)
| | - Haiwang Wang
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (D.Y.); (B.W.); (Y.S.); (X.N.); (X.W.); (X.L.); (X.L.); (H.W.); (X.S.); (Q.T.); (J.Y.)
| | - Xin Su
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (D.Y.); (B.W.); (Y.S.); (X.N.); (X.W.); (X.L.); (X.L.); (H.W.); (X.S.); (Q.T.); (J.Y.)
| | - Qiaoyang Teng
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (D.Y.); (B.W.); (Y.S.); (X.N.); (X.W.); (X.L.); (X.L.); (H.W.); (X.S.); (Q.T.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jianmei Yang
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (D.Y.); (B.W.); (Y.S.); (X.N.); (X.W.); (X.L.); (X.L.); (H.W.); (X.S.); (Q.T.); (J.Y.)
| | - Qinfang Liu
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (D.Y.); (B.W.); (Y.S.); (X.N.); (X.W.); (X.L.); (X.L.); (H.W.); (X.S.); (Q.T.); (J.Y.)
- Correspondence: (Q.L.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zejun Li
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (D.Y.); (B.W.); (Y.S.); (X.N.); (X.W.); (X.L.); (X.L.); (H.W.); (X.S.); (Q.T.); (J.Y.)
- Correspondence: (Q.L.); (Z.L.)
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10
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New Insights into the Biology of the Emerging Tembusu Virus. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10081010. [PMID: 34451474 PMCID: PMC8398659 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10081010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Reported for the first time in 1955 in Malaysia, Tembusu virus (TMUV) remained, for a long time, in the shadow of flaviviruses with human health importance such as dengue virus or Japanese encephalitis virus. However, since 2010 and the first large epidemic in duck farms in China, the threat of its emergence on a large scale in Asia or even its spillover into the human population is becoming more and more significant. This review aims to report current knowledge on TMUV from viral particle organization to the development of specific vaccines and therapeutics, with a particular focus on host-virus interactions.
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11
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Tunterak W, Ninvilai P, Tuanudom R, Prakairungnamthip D, Oraveerakul K, Amonsin A, Thontiravong A. Evaluation of host systems for efficient isolation and propagation of duck Tembusu virus. Avian Pathol 2020; 50:124-131. [PMID: 33146547 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2020.1845301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Several phylogenetic clusters of duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) that caused outbreaks in ducks in Asia have been identified since its emergence in 2010, highlighting the need for an efficient host system that can support isolation of all circulating phylogenetic clusters of DTMUV. In this study, various host systems, including different avian embryonated eggs (duck and chicken) and cell cultures (primary duck embryo fibroblast (DEF), primary chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF), baby hamster kidney (BHK-21), African green monkey kidney (Vero) and Aedes albopictus clone C6/36 (C6/36) cells), were evaluated and compared for their ability to support DTMUV isolation and propagation. Our results showed that all host systems were susceptible to DTMUV infection; however, BHK-21 and primary DEF cells supported more efficient replication of DTMUV compared to the other host systems. BHK-21 cells had the highest DTMUV isolation rate when tested with experimental and field clinical samples. All circulating phylogenetic clusters of DTMUV, including clusters 1, 2 and 3, were successfully isolated from duck clinical samples using BHK-21 cells. In conclusion, our findings supported the use of BHK-21 cells as a host system for primary isolation of all circulating phylogenetic clusters of DTMUV from duck clinical samples. This study highlights the importance of selecting the most appropriate host system for efficient isolation and propagation of DTMUV from duck clinical samples.RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS DTMUV replicated more efficiently in BHK-21 and primary DEF cells than in other host systems tested.BHK-21 cells had the highest DTMUV isolation rate.All DTMUV phylogenetic clusters were successfully isolated from the samples using BHK-21 cells.BHK-21 cells were the most efficient host system for DTMUV isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wikanda Tunterak
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases in Animals (CUEIDAs), Center of Excellence, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Patchareeporn Ninvilai
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Avian Veterinary Services, CPF (Thailand) Public Company Limited, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ranida Tuanudom
- Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases in Animals (CUEIDAs), Center of Excellence, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Preclinical Science Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Bangkok Thonburi University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Duangduean Prakairungnamthip
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases in Animals (CUEIDAs), Center of Excellence, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kanisak Oraveerakul
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Alongkorn Amonsin
- Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases in Animals (CUEIDAs), Center of Excellence, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Aunyaratana Thontiravong
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases in Animals (CUEIDAs), Center of Excellence, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Animal Vector-Borne Disease Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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12
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Lv J, Liu X, Cui S, Yang L, Qu S, Meng R, Yang B, Feng C, Wang X, Zhang D. The Neutralizing Antibody Response Elicited by Tembusu Virus Is Affected Dramatically by a Single Mutation in the Stem Region of the Envelope Protein. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:585194. [PMID: 33193231 PMCID: PMC7642334 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.585194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Tembusu virus (TMUV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that most commonly affects adult breeder and layer ducks. However, a TMUV-caused neurological disease has also been found in ducklings below 7 weeks of age, highlighting the need to develop a safe vaccine for young ducklings. In this study, a plaque-purified PS TMUV strain was attenuated by serial passage in BHK-21 cells. Using 1-day-old Pekin ducklings as a model, the virus was confirmed to be attenuated sufficiently after 180 passages, whereas the neutralizing antibody response elicited by the 180th passage virus (PS180) was substantially impaired compared with PS. The findings suggest that sufficient attenuation results in loss of immunogenicity in the development of the live-attenuated TMUV vaccine. Comparative sequence analysis revealed that PS180 acquired one mutation (V41M) in prM and four mutations (T70A, Y176H, K313R, and F408L) in the envelope (E) protein. To identify the amino acid substitution(s) associated with loss of immunogenicity of PS180, we rescued parental viruses, rPS and rPS180, and produced mutant viruses, rPS180-M41V, rPS180-A70T, rPS180-H176Y, rPS180-R313K, rPS180-L408F, and rPS180-M5, which contained residue 41V in prM, residues 70T, 176Y, 313K, and 408F in E, and combination of the five residues, respectively, of PS in the backbone of the rPS180 genome. The neutralizing antibody response elicited by rPS180-L408F and rPS180-M5 was significantly higher than those by other mutant viruses and comparable to that by rPS. Furthermore, we produced mutant virus rPS-F408L, which contained residue 408L of PS180 in the backbone of the rPS genome. The F408L mutation conferred significantly decreased neutralizing antibody response to rPS-F408L, which was comparable to that elicited by rPS180. Based on homologous modeling, residue 408 was predicted to be located within the first helical domain of the stem region of the E protein (EH1). Together, these data demonstrate that a single mutation within the EH1 domain exerts a dramatical impact on the TMUV neutralizing antibody response. The present work may enhance our understanding of molecular basis of the TMUV neutralizing antibody response, and provides an important step for the development of a safe and efficient live-attenuated TMUV vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Lv
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shulin Cui
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lixin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shenghua Qu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Runze Meng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Baolin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chonglun Feng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dabing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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13
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Gao X, Ren X, Zhang S, Song H, Guo X, Jia H, Xin T, Jiang Y, Zhang Z, Hou S. Interleukin-2 shows high adjuvanticity for an inactivated vaccine against duck Tembusu virus disease. Poult Sci 2020; 99:6454-6461. [PMID: 33248560 PMCID: PMC7704720 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, the widely used vaccine against duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) disease is inactivated vaccine which, however, facing the limits of large inoculation dose, short immunization period, and incomplete effectiveness. Access to efficient adjuvants aiding for DTMUV inactivated vaccine seems to be of critical importance. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) was reported to induce a persistent expansion of effector T cells and could be a promising molecular adjuvant for many kinds of vaccines. In this study, the efficacy of duck interleukin (dIL)-2 as an adjuvant for a DTMUV inactivated vaccine was evaluated. Fifty-five Pekin ducks were divided into 5 groups and intramuscularly administered with 5 batches of vaccines at 42 D (A: DTUMV + dIL-2; B: 1/2DTUMV + dIL-2; C: DTUMV; D: 1/2DTUMV and E: PBS), respectively, and received the second vaccination 2 wk later. Fifty-six days after immunization, 6 ducks from each group were randomly selected to conduct a challenge protection test. Antibody titers and cytokine responses were detected to assess humoral and cellular immune responses in serum of inoculated ducks by hemagglutination inhibition and ELISA, respectively; virus isolation and RT-PCR method were used in immunity protective test. Our results showed that dIL-2 exerted an enhanced effect on the vaccine while reducing the dose of inoculated antigen highlighting high adjuvanticity of IL-2. The vaccines supplemented with IL-2 induced a higher level of antibodies and higher percentage of inhibition values than inactivated vaccines without IL-2 to a significant extent. The production level of IFN-α, IFN-γ, and IL-6 genes were elevated, enhancing both humoral and cellular responses. Furthermore, it provided higher protection after virus challenge. Therefore, IL-2 can be considered as a potential adjuvant for inactivated vaccine against DTMUV disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintao Gao
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; Beijing Zhongnong Bioengineering Co., Ltd., Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiao Ren
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Zhongnong Bioengineering Co., Ltd., Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shan Zhang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Haozhi Song
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaoyu Guo
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hong Jia
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ting Xin
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yitong Jiang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhifang Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Shaohua Hou
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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14
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Abstract
The disease caused by duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) is characterized by severe egg-drop in laying ducks. Currently, the disease has spread to most duck-raising areas in China, leading to great economic losses in the duck industry. In the recent years, DTMUV has raised some concerns, because of its expanding host range and increasing pathogenicity, as well as the potential threat to public health. Innate immunity is crucial for defending against invading pathogens in the early stages of infection. Recently, studies on the interaction between DTMUV and host innate immune response have made great progress. In the review, we provide an overview of DTMUV and summarize current advances in our understanding of the interaction between DTMUV and innate immunity, including the host innate immune responses to DTMUV infection through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), signaling transducer molecules, interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), and the immune evasion strategies employed by DTMUV. The aim of the review is to gain an in-depth understanding of DTMUV pathogenesis to facilitate future studies.
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15
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Yang Z, Wang J, Wang X, Duan H, He P, Yang G, Liu L, Cheng H, Wang X, Pan J, Zhao J, Yu H, Yang B, Liu Y, Lin J. Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of an EB66 ® cell culture-derived duck Tembusu virus vaccine. Avian Pathol 2020; 49:448-456. [PMID: 32374185 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2020.1763914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The avian EB66® cell line, derived from duck embryonic stem cells, has been widely used for producing human and animal therapeutic proteins and vaccines. In current study we evaluated the potential use of EB66® cell line in a cell culture-derived duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) vaccine development. After optimizing the growth conditions of DTMUV HB strain in EB66® cells, we successfully generated three batches of viruses with ELD50 titres of 105.9/0.1 ml, 105.3/0.1 ml and 105.5/0.1 ml, respectively, for using in the preparation of inactivated vaccines. The immunogenicity and protective efficacy of these EB66® cells-derived inactivated vaccines were examined in ducks. Results indicated that all three batches of vaccines induced haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibody response in immunized birds at 2 weeks after a single immunization. Immunized ducks and ducklings were protected against a virulent challenge at 4 weeks after a booster immunization. The duration of immunity was for 3-4 months after a booster immunization. These results demonstrated the feasibility of using EB66® cell line to grow up DTMUV for vaccine preparation. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS Duck Tembusu virus can be propagated in EB66® cells. EB66® cell-derived inactivated DTMUV vaccines are immunogenic and can provide protection against a virulent challenge. A long-lasting immunity is induced after a booster immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Yang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Gansu Jianshun Biosciences Co., Ltd, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuqing Wang
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - Huijuan Duan
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingyou He
- Ringpu (Baoding) Biological Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Baoding, People's Republic of China
| | - Guijun Yang
- Gansu Jianshun Biosciences Co., Ltd, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixin Liu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huimin Cheng
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Pan
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jicheng Zhao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Yu
- Ringpu (Baoding) Biological Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Baoding, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoshou Yang
- Ringpu (Baoding) Biological Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Baoding, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuehuan Liu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Lin
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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16
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Identification of a Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody That Recognizes a Unique Epitope on Domain III of the Envelope Protein of Tembusu Virus. Viruses 2020; 12:v12060647. [PMID: 32549221 PMCID: PMC7354527 DOI: 10.3390/v12060647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Domain III of the envelope protein (EDIII) is the major target of flavivirus neutralizing antibody. To date, little is known regarding antibody-mediated neutralization of Tembusu virus (TMUV), a novel flavivirus emerging in duck in 2010. Here, a novel monoclonal antibody (MAb), designated 12F11, was prepared by immunization of mice with recombinant EDIII (rEDIII) protein. Using virus neutralization test, 12F11 in undiluted ascites neutralized the TMUV infectivity to induce the development of cytopathic effects in BHK-21 cells, indicating that 12F11 exhibits a neutralizing activity. The neutralizing activity of 12F11 was confirmed by plaque reduction neutralization test, in which 12F11 reduced significantly the number of plaques produced by TMUV in BHK-21 cells. Western blot analyses of a series of truncated rEDIII proteins showed that the epitope recognized by 12F11 includes amino acids between residues 8 and 77 of EDIII protein. Function analysis demonstrated that 12F11 neutralizes TMUV infection at virus adsorption and at a step after adsorption to a certain extent. The present study provides an important step towards elucidating antibody-mediated neutralization of TMUV.
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17
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Basic Amino Acid Substitution at Residue 367 of the Envelope Protein of Tembusu Virus Plays a Critical Role in Pathogenesis. J Virol 2020; 94:JVI.02011-19. [PMID: 32024774 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02011-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tembusu virus (TMUV) is a flavivirus responsible for panzootic outbreaks of severe egg-drop and fatal encephalitis of domestic waterfowl in China. Although TMUV can be attenuated by in vitro passaging, experimental evidence supporting the role of specific genetic changes in virulence attenuation is currently lacking. Here, we performed site-directed mutagenesis on five envelope (E) protein amino acid residues in accordance with the attenuated TMUV generated in our recent study. Our results showed that the Thr-to-Lys mutation of residue 367 in E protein (E367) plays a predominant role in viral cell adaptation and virulence attenuation in ducks compared with mutations in other residues. We further demonstrated that the positively charged basic amino acid substitution at E367 enhanced the viral binding affinity for glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and reduced viremia levels and the efficiency of replication in major target organs in subcutaneously inoculated ducks. Interestingly, the T367K mutation increased viral neutralization sensitivity to the early immune sera. Together, our findings provide the first evidence that a basic amino acid substitution at E367 strongly impacts the in vitro and in vivo infection of TMUV.IMPORTANCE Outbreaks of Tembusu virus (TMUV) infection have caused huge economic losses in the production of domestic waterfowl since the virus was first recognized in China in 2010. To control TMUV infection, a live-attenuated vaccine candidate of TMUV was developed in our previous study, but the mechanisms of virulence attenuation are not fully understood. Here, we found that the Thr-to-Lys substitution at E367 is a crucial determinant of TMUV virulence attenuation in ducks. We demonstrated that the T367K mutation attenuates TMUV through reducing viral replication in the blood, brain, heart (ducklings), and ovaries. These data provide new insights into understanding the pathogenesis of TMUV and the rational development of novel TMUV vaccines.
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18
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pUC18-CpG Is an Effective Adjuvant for a Duck Tembusu Virus Inactivated Vaccine. Viruses 2020; 12:v12020238. [PMID: 32093377 PMCID: PMC7077240 DOI: 10.3390/v12020238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) is an emerging pathogenic flavivirus responsible for massive economic losses in the duck industry. However, commercially inactivated DTMUV vaccines have been ineffective at inducing protective immunity in ducks. The widely used adjuvant cytosine-phosphate-guanine oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODNs) reportedly improve humoral and cellular immunities in animal models. However, its effectiveness in DTMUV vaccines requires validation. Here, we assessed the protective efficacy of pUC18-CpG as an adjuvant in an inactivated live DTMUV vaccine in ducks. Our results revealed that the serum hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titers, positive rates of anti-DTMUV antibodies, the concentration of serum cytokines, and protection efficacy were significantly increased in ducks immunized with pUC18-CpG compared to that in the control group. Moreover, ducks immunized with a full vaccine dose containing a half dose of antigen supplemented with 40 μg of pUC18-CpG exhibited the most potent responses. This study suggests that pUC18-CpG is a promising adjuvant against DTMUV, which might prove effective in treating other viral diseases in waterfowl.
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19
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Lv J, Yang L, Qu S, Meng R, Li Q, Liu H, Wang X, Zhang D. Detection of Neutralizing Antibodies to Tembusu Virus: Implications for Infection and Immunity. Front Vet Sci 2019; 6:442. [PMID: 31921903 PMCID: PMC6914806 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutralizing antibodies are the key mediators of protective immune response to flaviviruses after both infection and vaccination. Plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) is considered the “gold standard” for measurement of the immunity. To date, little is known regarding neutralizing antibody response to Tembusu virus (TMUV), a novel flavivirus emerging in ducks in 2010. Here, we developed a PRNT for detection of TMUV neutralizing antibodies. Following optimization and validation, the PRNT was applied to test serum samples from different flocks of ducks. Using sera prepared in experimental conditions, the levels of 50% end point titer (neutralizing dose, ND50) generated from positive sera (5,012–79,433) were significantly higher than those from mock-infected sera (10 to 126), indicating that the test can be used in the detection of TMUV-specific neutralizing antibodies. Dose-dependent efficacy test of a cell-derived 180th passage of a plaque-purified virus of the PS TMUV isolate (PS180) in combined with immunization-challenge experiments revealed that ND50 titer of ~1,258 is the minimum capable of providing adequate protection against challenge with virulent TMUV. In the investigation of serum samples collected from three flocks infected by TMUV and four flocks vaccinated with a licensed attenuated vaccine (the 120th passage virus), ND50 titers peaked at 1 week after both disease onset (7,943–125,893) and vaccination (3,612–79,432), and high levels of ND50 titer were detected in sera collected at 15 weeks after disease onset (5,012–63,095) and 17 weeks after vaccination (3,981–25,119). Together these findings demonstrated that spontaneous and experimental infections by TMUV and vaccination with the licensed TMUV attenuated vaccine elicit high, long-lasting neutralizing antibodies. The highest ND50 titer of neutralizing antibodies elicited by PS180 was determined to be 3,162, suggesting that attenuation of TMUV by more passages has a dramatic impact on the neutralizing antibody response of the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Lv
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lixin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shenghua Qu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Runze Meng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingxiangzi Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Huicong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dabing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Zhang L, Sun M, Zhang Q, Wang J, Cao Y, Cui S, Su J. Long-term passage of duck Tembusu virus in BHK-21 cells generates a completely attenuated and immunogenic population with increased genetic diversity. Vaccine 2019; 38:933-941. [PMID: 31708180 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.10.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Duck Tembusu virus (TMUV) is an emerging pathogenic flavivirus that causes severe egg-drop and fatal encephalitis in domestic ducks and geese. Although a live-attenuated virus vaccine is effective for disease control, the stability of the attenuation has not been clearly evaluated due to a poor understanding of the attenuation mechanism. Here, a virulent duck TMUV isolate was successively passaged in BHK-21 cells, leading to an approximately 100-fold increase of virus production in cell culture and a complete attenuation of virulence for ducks. The passaged virus induced high titers of TMUV-specific antibody and provided efficient protection against a virulent TMUV challenge after a single-dose vaccination. One hundred and two, and eighteen single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at a frequency of >1% were respectively identified in the attenuated virus population and the original isolate by deep sequencing. The increased SNPs numbers suggested that the accumulated variants of virus population may have conferred the phenotypic changes. We cloned and characterized a dominant variant exhibiting similar fitness to the mixed population, and 23 amino acid substitutions were identified across the viral open reading frame. Using reverse genetics, two chimeric viruses were generated by introducing the mutated E or NS5 gene into the backbone of virulent TMUV. We found that mutations in the E gene conferred a fitness advantage in BHK-21 cells and decreased the virus pathogenicity, whereas NS5 mutations reduced the virus infectivity in ducklings without altering the in vitro fitness. In conclusion, increased mutations in a virulent TMUV strain did substantially reduce the virus virulence, and mutations in multiple genes co-contribute to TMUV attenuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Mengxu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qingshui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanxin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shangjin Cui
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Observation Station for Veterinary Biological Technique, Ministry of Agricultural, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Jingliang Su
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Wu Y, Li W, Zhou Q, Li Q, Xu Z, Shen H, Chen F. Characterization and pathogenicity of Vero cell-attenuated porcine epidemic diarrhea virus CT strain. Virol J 2019; 16:121. [PMID: 31660993 PMCID: PMC6819350 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-019-1232-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) has caused enormous economic losses to the global pig industry. Currently available PEDV vaccine strains have limited protective effects against PEDV variant strains. Methods In this study, the highly virulent epidemic virus strain CT was serially passaged in Vero cells for up to 120 generations (P120). Characterization of the different passages revealed that compared with P10 and P64, P120 had a higher viral titer and more obvious cytopathic effects, thereby demonstrating better cell adaptability. Results Pathogenicity experiments using P120 in piglets revealed significant reductions in clinical symptoms, histopathological lesions, and intestinal PEDV antigen distribution; the piglet survival rate in the P120 group was 100%. Furthermore, whole-genome sequencing identified 13 amino acid changes in P120, which might be responsible for the attenuated virulence of P120. Conclusions Thus, an attenuated strain was obtained via cell passaging and that this strain could be used in preparing attenuated vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Wen's Group Academy, Wen's Foodstuffs Group Co., Ltd., Xinxing, 527400, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingfeng Zhou
- Wen's Group Academy, Wen's Foodstuffs Group Co., Ltd., Xinxing, 527400, Guangdong, China
| | - Qunhui Li
- Wen's Group Academy, Wen's Foodstuffs Group Co., Ltd., Xinxing, 527400, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhichao Xu
- Wen's Group Academy, Wen's Foodstuffs Group Co., Ltd., Xinxing, 527400, Guangdong, China
| | - Hanqin Shen
- Wen's Group Academy, Wen's Foodstuffs Group Co., Ltd., Xinxing, 527400, Guangdong, China
| | - Feng Chen
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China. .,Wen's Group Academy, Wen's Foodstuffs Group Co., Ltd., Xinxing, 527400, Guangdong, China.
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22
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Huang J, Shen H, Wang Z, Huang S, Li Q, Zhou Q, Qin J, Xie Q, Chen F. Attenuation of duck Tembusu virus ZJSBL01 strain following serial passage in BHK-21 cells supplied with 5-Fluorouracil. Virus Res 2019; 273:197739. [PMID: 31493438 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2019.197739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) is a new pathogen that produces an acute and potent disease in ducks which has caused serious economic losses in China. In this study, a virulent strain of DTMUV, designated as ZJSBL01, was attenuated by serial passages in BHK-21 cells supplied with 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) for 50 passages to induce mutation and attenuation. Growth kinetics of different passages of ZJSBL01 strain in BHK-21 cells show that these viruses have similar replication characteristics. The virus was highly attenuated after 40 passages in BHK-21 cells supplied with 5-FU, based on mortality, morbidity, and viral load in inoculated Sheldrake ducklings. In addition, all of the ducklings immunized with ZJSBL01-P40, the virus obtained at passage 40 of ZJSBL01, showed seroconversion on day 14 post inoculation. Moreover, P40 did not cause clinical symptom for layding ducks. Immunization with ZJSBL01-P40 could provide effective protection against the virulent parental ZJSBL01 strain. Seventeen amino acid substitutions were observed in the polyprotein of ZJSBL01-P40 compared with parental ZJSBL01. These results indicate that ZJSBL01-P40 may be a live vaccine candidate for prevention of DTMUV-disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Huang
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Health Aquaculture and Environment al Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Wen's Foodstuff Group Co. Ltd, Guangdong Enterprise Key Laboratory for Animal Health and Environmental Control, Yunfu 527439, China
| | - Hanqin Shen
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Health Aquaculture and Environment al Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Wen's Foodstuff Group Co. Ltd, Guangdong Enterprise Key Laboratory for Animal Health and Environmental Control, Yunfu 527439, China
| | - Zhanxin Wang
- Wen's Foodstuff Group Co. Ltd, Guangdong Enterprise Key Laboratory for Animal Health and Environmental Control, Yunfu 527439, China
| | - Songjian Huang
- Wen's Foodstuff Group Co. Ltd, Guangdong Enterprise Key Laboratory for Animal Health and Environmental Control, Yunfu 527439, China
| | - Qunhui Li
- Wen's Foodstuff Group Co. Ltd, Guangdong Enterprise Key Laboratory for Animal Health and Environmental Control, Yunfu 527439, China
| | - Qingfeng Zhou
- Wen's Foodstuff Group Co. Ltd, Guangdong Enterprise Key Laboratory for Animal Health and Environmental Control, Yunfu 527439, China
| | - Jianping Qin
- Wen's Foodstuff Group Co. Ltd, Guangdong Enterprise Key Laboratory for Animal Health and Environmental Control, Yunfu 527439, China
| | - Qingmei Xie
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Health Aquaculture and Environment al Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Feng Chen
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Health Aquaculture and Environment al Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Wen's Foodstuff Group Co. Ltd, Guangdong Enterprise Key Laboratory for Animal Health and Environmental Control, Yunfu 527439, China.
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23
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Therapeutic effects of duck Tembusu virus capsid protein fused with staphylococcal nuclease protein to target Tembusu infection in vitro. Vet Microbiol 2019; 235:295-300. [PMID: 31383316 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tembusu virus (TMUV), a member of the genus flavivirus, primarily causes egg-drop syndrome in ducks and is associated with low disease mortality but high morbidity. The commercially available live vaccines for treating TMUV currently include the main WF100, HB, and FX2010-180P strains, and efficient treatment and/or preventative measures are still urgently needed. Capsid-targeted viral inactivation (CTVI) is a conceptually powerful new antiviral strategy that is based on two proteins from the capsid protein of a virus and a crucial effector molecule. The effector molecule can destroy the viral DNA/RNA or interfere with the proper folding of key viral proteins, while the capsid protein mainly plays a role in viral integration and assembly; the fusion proteins are incorporated into virions during packaging. This study aimed to explore the potential use of this strategy in duck TMUV. Our results revealed that these fusion proteins can be expressed in susceptible BHK21 cells without cytotoxicity and possess excellent Ca2+-dependent nuclease activity, and their expression is also detectable in DF-1 cells. Compared to those in the negative controls (BHK21 and BHK21/pcDNA3.1(+) cells), the numbers of viral RNA copies in TMUV-infected BHK21/Cap-SNase and BHK21/Cap-Linker-SNase cells were reduced by 48 h, and the effect of Cap-Linker-SNase was superior to that of Cap-SNase. As anticipated, these results suggest that these fusion proteins contribute to viral resistance to treatment. Thus, CTVI might be applicable for TMUV inhibition as a novel antiviral therapeutic candidate during viral infection.
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24
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Yang J, Cui H, Teng Q, Ma W, Li X, Wang B, Yan D, Chen H, Liu Q, Li Z. Ducks induce rapid and robust antibody responses than chickens at early time after intravenous infection with H9N2 avian influenza virus. Virol J 2019; 16:46. [PMID: 30975159 PMCID: PMC6460658 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-019-1150-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Compared with chickens, ducks are normally resistant to avian influenza virus without clinical signs while they habor almost all subtypes of influenza A viruses. To date, however the mechanism for duck anti-influenza has not been completely understood. The H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) is the most prevalent subtype of influenza A virus that infects chickens and ducks in China. However, H9N2 AIV replication and the host immune response in these domestic birds has not been systematically investigated. Methods In the present study, we compared the kinetics and magnitudes of antibody responses in chickens and ducks after infection with H9N2 AIV by the intranasal route or intravenous route. Furthermore, we determined the viral replication and distribution in chickens and ducks after infection with H9N2 AIV by the intravenous route. Results Our results revealed that the antibody response was rapid and robust in ducks than in chickens at early time (2-3dpi) after intravenous infection with H9N2 AIVs, while delayed and lower antibody detected in ducks than in chickens after intranasal infection with H9N2 AIVs. The virus was detected in multiple organs tissues in chickens but not in ducks infected by the intravenous route. Conclusions Our results provide the evidence that humoral immune response could play a critical role in duck resistance for influenza, which expands our knowledge on duck anti-influenza characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmei Yang
- Innovation Team for Pathogen Ecology Research on Animal Influenza Virus, and Department of Avian Infectious Disease, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongrui Cui
- Innovation Team for Pathogen Ecology Research on Animal Influenza Virus, and Department of Avian Infectious Disease, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaoyang Teng
- Innovation Team for Pathogen Ecology Research on Animal Influenza Virus, and Department of Avian Infectious Disease, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Ma
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas, State University, Manhattan, Kansas, 66506, USA
| | - Xuesong Li
- Innovation Team for Pathogen Ecology Research on Animal Influenza Virus, and Department of Avian Infectious Disease, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Binbin Wang
- Innovation Team for Pathogen Ecology Research on Animal Influenza Virus, and Department of Avian Infectious Disease, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Dawei Yan
- Innovation Team for Pathogen Ecology Research on Animal Influenza Virus, and Department of Avian Infectious Disease, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjun Chen
- Innovation Team for Pathogen Ecology Research on Animal Influenza Virus, and Department of Avian Infectious Disease, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinfang Liu
- Innovation Team for Pathogen Ecology Research on Animal Influenza Virus, and Department of Avian Infectious Disease, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Zejun Li
- Innovation Team for Pathogen Ecology Research on Animal Influenza Virus, and Department of Avian Infectious Disease, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China.
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ITRAQ-Based Quantitative Proteomics Reveals the Proteome Profiles of Primary Duck Embryo Fibroblast Cells Infected with Duck Tembusu Virus. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:1582709. [PMID: 30809531 PMCID: PMC6369498 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1582709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Outbreaks of duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) have caused substantial economic losses in the major duck-producing regions of China since 2010. To improve our understanding of the host cellular responses to virus infection and the pathogenesis of DTMUV infection, we applied isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) labeling coupled with multidimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to detect the protein changes in duck embryo fibroblast cells (DEFs) infected and mock-infected with DTMUV. In total, 434 cellular proteins were differentially expressed, among which 116, 76, and 339 proteins were differentially expressed in the DTMUV-infected DEFs at 12, 24, and 42 hours postinfection, respectively. The Gene Ontology analysis indicated that the biological processes of the differentially expressed proteins were primarily related to cellular processes, metabolic processes, biological regulation, response to stimulus, and cellular organismal processes and that the molecular functions in which the differentially expressed proteins were mainly involved were binding and catalytic activity. Some selected proteins that were found to be differentially expressed in DTMUV-infected DEFs were further confirmed by real-time PCR. The results of this study provide valuable insight into DTMUV-host interactions. This could lead to a better understanding of DTMUV infection mechanisms.
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26
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Benzarti E, Linden A, Desmecht D, Garigliany M. Mosquito-borne epornitic flaviviruses: an update and review. J Gen Virol 2019; 100:119-132. [PMID: 30628886 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
West Nile Virus, Usutu virus, Bagaza virus, Israel turkey encephalitis virus and Tembusu virus currently constitute the five flaviviruses transmitted by mosquito bites with a marked pathogenicity for birds. They have been identified as the causative agents of severe neurological symptoms, drop in egg production and/or mortalities among avian hosts. They have also recently shown an expansion of their geographic distribution and/or a rise in cases of human infection. This paper is the first up-to-date review of the pathology of these flaviviruses in birds, with a special emphasis on the difference in susceptibility among avian species, in order to understand the specificity of the host spectrum of each of these viruses. Furthermore, given the lack of a clear prophylactic approach against these viruses in birds, a meta-analysis of vaccination trials conducted to date on these animals is given to constitute a solid platform from which designing future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emna Benzarti
- 1FARAH Research Center, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Sart Tilman B43, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Annick Linden
- 2FARAH Research Center, Surveillance Network for Wildlife Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Sart Tilman B43, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Daniel Desmecht
- 1FARAH Research Center, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Sart Tilman B43, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Mutien Garigliany
- 1FARAH Research Center, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Sart Tilman B43, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
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27
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Tang J, Yin D, Wang R, Zhou Q, Zhou X, Xing X, Liu HM, Liu G, Wang G. A recombinant adenovirus expressing the E protein of duck Tembusu virus induces protective immunity in duck. J Vet Med Sci 2018; 81:314-320. [PMID: 30584200 PMCID: PMC6395196 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.18-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Duck Tembusu virus disease, caused by the duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV), can lead to a
severe reduction in egg production and growth retardation in laying ducks and ducklings,
respectively. In this study, we engineered a novel recombinant adenovirus expressing the E
protein of DTMUV (rAd-E) in AAV-293 cells (analyzed by western blot and indirect
immunofluorescence assays). Intramuscular immunization of Cherry Valley ducks with rAd-E
was performed to evaluate host cellular and humoral immune responses. Compared to the
phosphate-buffered saline administered group and the negative control wild-type adenovirus
(wtAd) group, the rAd-E vaccinated group showed increased cellular and humoral responses.
The results from the cytokine release and lymphocyte proliferation assays showed that
rAd-E induced a stronger cellular immune response than the control group
(P<0.01), 4 weeks after primary immunization. The results of
enzyme-linked immunosorbent and virus neutralization assays showed that rAd-E induced
higher titers of specific neutralizing antibodies, 2 weeks after primary immunization. The
DTMUV challenge experiment showed a higher survival rate (80%) of ducks in the rAd-E
group, when challenged with 0.5 ml
(ELD50=10−2.67/0.2 ml) of the DTMUV strain AH-F10.
These results indicate that rAd-E effectively protects ducks against DTMUV infection.
Therefore, rAd-E could be a vaccine candidate to provide an effective and safe method for
prevention and control of DTMUV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.,Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Dongdong Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.,Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiaoya Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xue Xing
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Hong-Mei Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Guangqing Liu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Guijun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Hefei 230036, China
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28
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Tang J, Bi Z, Ding M, Yin D, Zhu J, Zhang L, Miao Q, Zhu Y, Wang G, Liu G. Immunization with a suicidal DNA vaccine expressing the E glycoprotein protects ducklings against duck Tembusu virus. Virol J 2018; 15:140. [PMID: 30217161 PMCID: PMC6137926 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-018-1053-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUD Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV), a pathogenic flavivirus, emerged in China since 2010 and causing huge economic loss in the Chinese poultry industry. Although several vaccines have been reported to control DTMUV disease, few effective vaccines are available and new outbreaks were continuously reported. Thus, it is urgently to develop a new effective vaccine for prevention of this disease. METHODS In this study, a suicidal DNA vaccine based on a Semliki Forest virus (SFV) replicon and DTMUV E glycoprotein gene was constructed and the efficacy of this new vaccine was assessed according to humoral and cell-mediated immune responses as well as protection against the DTMUV challenge in ducklings. RESULTS Our results showed that the recombinant SFV replicon highly expressed E glycoprotein in DEF cells. After intramuscular injection of this new DNA vaccine in ducklings, robust humoral and cellular immune responses were observed in all immunized ducklings. Moreover, all ducklings were protected against challenge with the virulent DTMUV AH-F10 strain. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we demonstrate that this suicidal DNA vaccine is a promising candidate facilitating the prevention of DTMUV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.,Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 518 Ziyue Rd, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Zhuangli Bi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.,Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 518 Ziyue Rd, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Mingyang Ding
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 518 Ziyue Rd, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Dongdong Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 518 Ziyue Rd, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.,Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 518 Ziyue Rd, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Qiuhong Miao
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 518 Ziyue Rd, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yingqi Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.,Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 518 Ziyue Rd, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Guijun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China. .,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Hefei, 230036, China.
| | - Guangqing Liu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 518 Ziyue Rd, Shanghai, 200241, China.
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Oral Delivery of a DNA Vaccine Expressing the PrM and E Genes: A Promising Vaccine Strategy against Flavivirus in Ducks. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12360. [PMID: 30120326 PMCID: PMC6098003 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30258-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A flavivirus, named duck tembusu virus (DTMUV), emerged in China in 2010. This virus has caused great economic losses in the poultry industry in China and may pose a threat to public health. As a safe, efficient and convenient vaccine development strategy, DNA-based vaccines have become a popular approach for both human and veterinary applications. Attenuated bacteria have been widely used as vehicles to deliver heterologous antigens to the immune system. Thus, an efficient and low-cost oral delivery DNA vaccine SL7207 (pVAX1-SME) based on envelope proteins (prM and E) of DTMUV and attenuated Salmonella typhimurium aroA- strain SL7207 was developed and evaluated in this study. The prM and E antigen proteins were successfully expressed from the vaccine SL7207 (pVAX1-SME) both in vitro and in vivo. High titers of the specific antibody against the DTMUV-E protein and the neutralizing antibody against the DTMUV virus were both detected after vaccination with SL7207 (pVAX1-SME). Ducks orally vaccinated with the SL7207 (pVAX-SME) vaccine were efficiently protected from lethal DTMUV infection in this study. Taken together, we demonstrated that prM and E proteins of DTMUV possess strong immunogenicity against the DTMUV infection. Moreover, an oral delivery of the DNA vaccine SL7207 (pVAX1-SME) utilizing Salmonella SL7207 was an efficient way to protect the ducks against DTMUV infection and provides an economic and fast vaccine delivery strategy for a large-scale clinical use.
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A Single Mutation at Position 156 in the Envelope Protein of Tembusu Virus Is Responsible for Virus Tissue Tropism and Transmissibility in Ducks. J Virol 2018; 92:JVI.00427-18. [PMID: 29899104 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00427-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Duck Tembusu virus (TMUV), like other mosquito-borne flaviviruses, such as Japanese encephalitis virus, West Nile virus, and Bagaza virus, is able to transmit vector-independently. To date, why these flaviviruses can be transmitted without mosquito vectors remains poorly understood. To explore the key molecular basis of flavivirus transmissibility, we compared virus replication and transmissibility of an early and a recent TMUV in ducks. The recent TMUV strain FX2010 replicated systemically and transmitted efficiently in ducks, while the replication of early strain MM1775 was limited and did not transmit among ducks. The TMUV envelope protein and its domain I were responsible for tissue tropism and transmissibility. The mutation S156P in the domain I resulted in disruption of N-linked glycosylation at amino acid 154 of the E protein and changed the conformation of "150 loop" of the E protein, which reduced virus replication in lungs and abrogated transmission in ducks. These data indicate that the 156S in the envelope protein is critical for TMUV tissue tropism and transmissibility in ducks in the absence of mosquitos. Our findings provide novel insights on understanding TMUV transmission among ducks.IMPORTANCE Tembusu virus, similar to other mosquito-borne flaviviruses such as WNV, JEV, and BAGV, can be transmitted without the presence of mosquito vectors. We demonstrate that the envelope protein of TMUV and its amino acid (S) at position 156 is responsible for tissue tropism and transmission in ducks. The mutation S156P results in disruption of N-linked glycosylation at amino acid 154 of the E protein and changes the conformation of "150 loop" of the E protein, which induces limited virus replication in lungs and abrogates transmission between ducks. Our findings provide new knowledge about TMUV transmission among ducks.
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Chen S, Zeng M, Liu P, Yang C, Wang M, Jia R, Zhu D, Liu M, Yang Q, Wu Y, Zhao X, Cheng A. The 125th Lys and 145th Thr Amino Acids in the GTPase Domain of Goose Mx Confer Its Antiviral Activity against the Tembusu Virus. Viruses 2018; 10:v10070361. [PMID: 29986463 PMCID: PMC6070871 DOI: 10.3390/v10070361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Tembusu virus (TMUV) is an avian pathogenic flavivirus that causes a highly contagious disease and catastrophic losses to the poultry industry. The myxovirus resistance protein (Mx) of innate immune effectors is a key antiviral “workhorse” of the interferon (IFN) system. Although mammalian Mx resistance against myxovirus and retrovirus was witnessed for decades, whether or not bird Mx has anti-flavivirus activity remains unknown. In this study, we found that the transcription of goose Mx (goMx) was obviously driven by TMUV infection, both in vivo and in vitro, and that the titers and copies of TMUV were significantly reduced by goMx overexpression. In both primary (goose embryo fibroblasts, GEFs) and passaged cells (baby hamster kidney cells, BHK21, and human fetal kidney cells, HEK 293T), it was shown that goMx was mainly located in the cytoplasm, and sporadically distributed in the nucleus. The intracellular localization of this protein is attributed to the predicted bipartite nuclear localization signal (NLS; 30 residues: the 441st–471st amino acids of goMx). Intuitively, it seems that the cells with a higher level of goMx expression tend to have lower TMUV loads in the cytoplasm, as determined by an immunofluorescence assay. To further explore the antiviral determinants, a panel of variants was constructed. Two amino acids at the 125th (Lys) and 145th (Thr) positions in GTP-binding elements, not in the L4 loop (40 residues: the 532nd–572nd amino acids of goMx), were vital for the antiviral function of goMx against TMUV in vitro. These findings will contribute to our understanding of the functional significance of the antiviral system in aquatic birds, and the development of goMx could be a valuable therapeutic agent against TMUV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Chen
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Miao Zeng
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Peng Liu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Chao Yang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Renyong Jia
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Dekang Zhu
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Mafeng Liu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Qiao Yang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Ying Wu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xinxin Zhao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
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Oral Vaccination with a DNA Vaccine Encoding Capsid Protein of Duck Tembusu Virus Induces Protection Immunity. Viruses 2018; 10:v10040180. [PMID: 29642401 PMCID: PMC5923474 DOI: 10.3390/v10040180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of duck tembusu virus (DTMUV), a new member of the Flavivirus genus, has caused great economical loss in the poultry industry in China. Since the outbreak and spread of DTMUV is hard to control in a clinical setting, an efficient and low-cost oral delivery DNA vaccine SL7207 (pVAX1-C) based on the capsid protein of DTMUV was developed and evaluated in this study. The antigen capsid protein was expressed from the DNA vaccine SL7207 (pVAX1-C), both in vitro and in vivo. The humoral and cellular immune responses in vivo were observed after oral immunization with the SL7207 (pVAX1-C) DNA vaccine. High titers of the specific antibody against the capsid protein and the neutralizing antibody against the DTMUV virus were both detected after inoculation. The ducks were efficiently protected from lethal DTMUV exposure by the SL7207 (pVAX1-C) vaccine in this experiment. Taken together, we demonstrated that the capsid protein of DTMUV possesses a strong immunogenicity against the DTMUV infection. Moreover, an oral delivery of the DNA vaccine SL7207 (pVAX1-C) utilizing Salmonella SL7207 was an efficient way to protect the ducks against DTMUV infection and provides an economic and fast vaccine delivery strategy for a large scale clinical use.
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Sun X, Wang S, Lin X, Zhao L, Zhang D, Yi C, Sun X, Chen H, Jin M. Proteome analysis of Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV)-infected BHK-21 cells. Proteomics 2017; 17. [PMID: 28516729 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201700033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) is a newly emerging pathogenic flavivirus that has caused huge economic losses to the duck industry in China since 2010. Moreover, the infection has spread rapidly, posing a potential public health concern. In this study, iTRAQ approach was first used to quantitatively identify differentially expressed cellular proteins in DTMUV-infected BHK-21 cells which are usually employed to produce veterinary vaccines for DTMUV, as well as other flaviviruses by serial passage. We identified 192 differentially expressed cellular proteins, including 11 upregulated and eight downregulated proteins at 24 h postinfection (hpi), as well as 25 upregulated and 151 downregulated proteins at 48 hpi, of which TLR9, DDX3X, and DDX5 may play important roles in virus propagation. Further, DDX3X could inhibit DTMUV replication by modulating the IFN pathway via TBK1. In conclusion, our study is the first to analyze the protein profile of DTMUV-infected cells by quantitative proteomics. We believe that our findings provide valuable information in better understanding the host response to DTMUV infection. These findings are particularly important in the development of vaccine-based strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Shengyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xian Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Lianzhong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Dan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Chenyang Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomei Sun
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Huanchun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Meilin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, P. R. China
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Significant inhibition of Tembusu virus envelope and NS5 gene using an adenovirus-mediated short hairpin RNA delivery system. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2017; 54:387-396. [PMID: 28780191 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tembusu virus (TMUV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus, which was first isolated in the tropics during the 1970s. Recently, a disease characterized by ovarian haemorrhage and neurological symptoms was observed in ducks in China, which threatens poultry production. However, there is no suitable vaccination strategy or effective antiviral drugs to combat TMUV infections. Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop a new anti-TMUV therapy. In this study, we report an efficient short hairpin RNA (shRNA) delivery strategy for the inhibition of TMUV production using an adenovirus vector system. Using specifically designed shRNAs based on the E and NS5 protein genes of TMUV, the vector-expressed viral genes, TMUV RNA replication and infectious virus production were downregulated at different levels in Vero cells, where the shRNA (NS52) was highly effective in inhibiting TMUV. Using the human adenovirus type 5 shRNA delivery system, the recombinant adenovirus (rAd-NS52) inhibited TMUV multiplication with high efficiency. Furthermore, the significant dose-dependent inhibition of viral RNA copies induced by rAd-NS52 was found in TMUV-infected cells, which could last for at least 96h post infection. Our results indicated that the adenovirus-mediated delivery of shRNAs could play an active role in future TMUV antiviral therapeutics.
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35
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Ti J, Li Z, Li X, Lu Y, Diao Y, Li F. Identification of one B-cell epitope from NS1 protein of duck Tembusu virus with monoclonal antibodies. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181177. [PMID: 28746401 PMCID: PMC5528836 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study describes the identification of one linear B-cell epitope on TMUV NS1 protein with monoclonal antibody (mAb) 3G2 by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In this study, NS1 protein was expressed in prokaryotic expression system and purified. One mAb against NS1 protein was generated from Balb/c mice immunized with recombinant protein NS1. A set of 35 partially-overlapping polypeptides covering the entire NS1 protein was expressed with PGEX-6P-1 vector and screened with mAb 3G2. One polypeptide against the mAb was acquired and identified by indirect ELISA and western-blot. To map the epitope accurately, one or two amino acid residues were removed from the carboxy and amino terminal of polypeptide sequentially. A series of truncated oligopeptides were expressed and purified. The minimal determinant of the linear B cell epitope was recognized and identified with mAb 3G2. The accurate linear B-cell epitope was 269DEKEIV274 located in NS1 protein. Furthermore, sequence alignment showed that the epitope was highly conserved and specific among TMUV strains and other flavivirus respectively. The linear B-cell epitope of TMUV NS1 protein could benefit the development of new vaccines and diagnostic assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Ti
- Zoology Institute, Shan Dong Agricultural University, Shan Dong province, Tai’an, China
- Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College, Shan Dong province, Weifang, China
| | - Zhijie Li
- Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College, Shan Dong province, Weifang, China
| | - Xiuli Li
- Zoology Institute, Shan Dong Agricultural University, Shan Dong province, Tai’an, China
| | - Yunjian Lu
- Zoology Institute, Shan Dong Agricultural University, Shan Dong province, Tai’an, China
| | - Youxiang Diao
- Zoology Institute, Shan Dong Agricultural University, Shan Dong province, Tai’an, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Fang Li
- Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College, Shan Dong province, Weifang, China
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Construction of a highly efficient CRISPR/Cas9-mediated duck enteritis virus-based vaccine against H5N1 avian influenza virus and duck Tembusu virus infection. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1478. [PMID: 28469192 PMCID: PMC5431151 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01554-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Duck enteritis virus (DEV), duck tembusu virus (DTMUV), and highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 are the most important viral pathogens in ducks, as they cause significant economic losses in the duck industry. Development of a novel vaccine simultaneously effective against these three viruses is the most economical method for reducing losses. In the present study, by utilizing a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/associated 9 (Cas9)-mediated gene editing strategy, we efficiently generated DEV recombinants (C-KCE-HA/PrM-E) that simultaneously encode the hemagglutinin (HA) gene of HPAIV H5N1 and pre-membrane proteins (PrM), as well as the envelope glycoprotein (E) gene of DTMUV, and its potential as a trivalent vaccine was also evaluated. Ducks immunized with C-KCE-HA/PrM-E enhanced both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to H5N1 and DTMUV. Importantly, a single-dose of C-KCE-HA/PrM-E conferred solid protection against virulent H5N1, DTMUV, and DEV challenges. In conclusion, these results demonstrated for the first time that the CRISPR/Cas9 system can be applied for modification of the DEV genome rapidly and efficiently, and that recombinant C-KCE-HA/PrM-E can serve as a potential candidate trivalent vaccine to prevent H5N1, DTMUV, and DEV infections in ducks.
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Zhang L, Li Z, Zhang Q, Sun M, Li S, Su W, Hu X, He W, Su J. Efficacy assessment of an inactivated Tembusu virus vaccine candidate in ducks. Res Vet Sci 2017; 110:72-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Wu X, Shi Y, Yan D, Li X, Yan P, Gao X, Zhang Y, Yu L, Ren C, Li G, Yan L, Teng Q, Li Z. Development of a PCR-Based Reverse Genetics System for an Attenuated Duck Tembusu Virus Strain. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156579. [PMID: 27248497 PMCID: PMC4889061 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The infectious disease caused by the duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) has resulted in massive economic losses to the Chinese duck industry in China since 2010. Research on the molecular basis of DTMUV pathogenicity has been hampered by the lack of a reliable reverse genetics system for this virus. Here we developed a PCR-based reverse genetics system with high fidelity for the attenuated DTMUV strain FX2010-180P. The rescued virus was characterized by using both indirect immunofluorescence assays (IFA) and whole genome sequencing. The rescued virus (rFX2010-180P) grew to similar titers as compared with the wild-type virus in DF-1 cells, and had similar replication and immunogenicity properties in ducks. To determine whether exogenous proteins could be expressed from DTMUV, both an internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) and the enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) gene were introduced between the NS5 gene and the 3' non-coding sequence of FX2010-180P. A recombinant DTMUV expressing eGFP was rescued, but eGFP expression was unstable after 4 passages in DF-1 cells due to a deletion of 1,294 nucleotides. The establishment of a reliable reverse genetics system for FX2010-180P provides a foundation for future studies of DTMUV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaogang Wu
- Department of Avian Infectious Disease, and Innovation Team for Pathogen Ecology Research on Animal Influenza Virus, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Avian Infectious Disease, and Innovation Team for Pathogen Ecology Research on Animal Influenza Virus, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Dawei Yan
- Department of Avian Infectious Disease, and Innovation Team for Pathogen Ecology Research on Animal Influenza Virus, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuesong Li
- Department of Avian Infectious Disease, and Innovation Team for Pathogen Ecology Research on Animal Influenza Virus, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Pixi Yan
- Department of Avian Infectious Disease, and Innovation Team for Pathogen Ecology Research on Animal Influenza Virus, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuyuan Gao
- Department of Avian Infectious Disease, and Innovation Team for Pathogen Ecology Research on Animal Influenza Virus, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuee Zhang
- Department of Avian Infectious Disease, and Innovation Team for Pathogen Ecology Research on Animal Influenza Virus, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Avian Infectious Disease, and Innovation Team for Pathogen Ecology Research on Animal Influenza Virus, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaochao Ren
- Department of Avian Infectious Disease, and Innovation Team for Pathogen Ecology Research on Animal Influenza Virus, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoxin Li
- Department of Avian Infectious Disease, and Innovation Team for Pathogen Ecology Research on Animal Influenza Virus, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Yan
- Department of Avian Infectious Disease, and Innovation Team for Pathogen Ecology Research on Animal Influenza Virus, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiaoyang Teng
- Department of Avian Infectious Disease, and Innovation Team for Pathogen Ecology Research on Animal Influenza Virus, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Zejun Li
- Department of Avian Infectious Disease, and Innovation Team for Pathogen Ecology Research on Animal Influenza Virus, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
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Wang HJ, Liu L, Li XF, Ye Q, Deng YQ, Qin ED, Qin CF. In vitro and in vivo characterization of chimeric duck Tembusu virus based on Japanese encephalitis live vaccine strain SA14-14-2. J Gen Virol 2016; 97:1551-1556. [PMID: 27100268 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV), a newly identified flavivirus, has rapidly spread to China, Malaysia and Thailand. The potential threats to public health have been well-highlighted; however its virulence and pathogenesis remain largely unknown. Here, by using reverse genetics, a recombinant chimeric DTMUV based on Japanese encephalitis live vaccine strain SA14-14-2 was obtained by substituting the corresponding prM and E genes (named ChinDTMUV). In vitro characterization demonstrated that ChinDTMUV replicated efficiently in mammalian cells with small-plaque phenotype in comparison with its parental viruses. Mouse tests showed ChinDTMUV exhibited avirulent phenotype in terms of neuroinvasiveness, while it retained neurovirulence from its parental virus DTMUV. Furthermore, immunization with ChinDTMUV was evidenced to elicit robust IgG and neutralizing antibody responses in mice. Overall, we successfully developed a viable chimeric DTMUV, and these results provide a useful platform for further investigation of the pathogenesis of DTMUV and development of a live attenuated DTMUV vaccine candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Jiang Wang
- Department of Virology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Long Liu
- Graduate School, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Xiao-Feng Li
- Department of Virology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Qing Ye
- Department of Virology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Yong-Qiang Deng
- Department of Virology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - E-De Qin
- Department of Virology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Cheng-Feng Qin
- Department of Virology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China.,Graduate School, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
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Ti J, Zhang M, Li Z, Li X, Diao Y. Duck Tembusu Virus Exhibits Pathogenicity to Kunming Mice by Intracerebral Inoculation. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:190. [PMID: 26925054 PMCID: PMC4759286 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, Kunming mice were used as the animal models to study the pathogenicity of TMUV. Three groups of 3-week-old female Kunming mice (n = 15 mice per group) were infected with the SDSG strain of TMUV in 50 μL allantoic fluid (104.8 ELD50/0.2 ml) respectively by the intracerebral (i.c.), subcutaneous (s.c.) and intranasal (i.n.) routes. The control group (n = 15 mice) was inoculated with 50 μL sterile phosphate-buffered saline. Clinical signs, gross, and microscopic lesions, viral loads in different tissues, and serum antibody titers were examined and recorded. Kunming mice infected intracerebrally showed typical clinical symptoms, including severe hindlimb paralysis, weight loss and death. Only dead mice presented severe intestinal mucosal edema. No gross lesions were observed in mice sequentially euthanized. However, microscopic lesions in the brain, spleen, liver, kidney, and lung were very typical including varying degrees of viral encephalitis, lymphocytes depletion, liver cell necrosis and nephritis, etc. Viral loads in different tissues were detected by the SYBR Green I real-time PCR assay. Viral loads in the brain, liver, and spleen were first detected and maintained a longer time, which indicated that these organs may be the target organs of TMUV. The level of viral loads was consistent with the severity of clinical signs and microscopic lesions in different tissues. The neutralizing antibody began to seroconvert at 8 dpi. Clinical signs, microscopic lesions, viral loads and serum neutralizing antibodies weren’t observed in other groups. In summary, TMUV can cause systemic infections and death in Kunming mice by i.c., which provides some experimental basis for further study of the significance of TMUV in public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Ti
- Zoology Institute, Shan Dong Agricultural UniversityTai'an, China; Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary CollegeWeifang, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Zoology Institute, Shan Dong Agricultural University Tai'an, China
| | - Zhijie Li
- Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College Weifang, China
| | - Xiuli Li
- Zoology Institute, Shan Dong Agricultural University Tai'an, China
| | - Youxiang Diao
- Zoology Institute, Shan Dong Agricultural University Tai'an, China
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Li N, Lv C, Yue R, Shi Y, Wei L, Chai T, Liu S. Effect of age on the pathogenesis of duck tembusu virus in Cherry Valley ducks. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:581. [PMID: 26106382 PMCID: PMC4458696 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of host age on the outcome of duck tembusu virus (DTMUV) infection was studied in ducks. Three groups of Cherry Valley ducks at 1, 3, and 7 weeks of age were intramuscularly infected with DTMUV to systematically observe the clinical symptoms, pathological changes, tissue viral loads, and immune responses. Severe clinical symptoms and neurological dysfunction were observed in 1-week-old ducks as early as 2 days post infection (dpi) and some died at 5–7 dpi. Three weeks-old ducks showed similar but milder symptoms and no deaths. However, 7-weeks-old ducks showed only transient loss of appetite. Gross lesions gradually reduced in severity as ducks matured. One-week-old ducks showed endocardial hemorrhage, splenomegaly, swelling in the lymph follicles of the ileum, liver, and kidney swelling with degeneration, and meningeal hyperemia. Three-weeks-old ducks showed only mild pathological lesions. No visible lesions were observed in 7-weeks-old ducks. However, pathological histology analysis demonstrated all infected ducks displayed viral encephalitis. DTMUV could be detected in the brains of 1-week-old ducks as early as 1 dpi and virus titers of most organs in 1-week-old ducks were significantly higher than that of 3- and 7-weeks-old ducks at 3–5 dpi. The patterns of IFN-γ, IL-2, and serum neutralizing antibodies were similar, and there were significant difference between the youngest ducks and the older ducks at early infection stage (P < 0.05). More important is that although the antibody titers of all infected ducks were similar from 9 to 17 dpi, reduced clearance of virus was observed in the youngest groups comparing with the other two groups, indicating that immune system maturity was more important than the presence of neutralizing antibody. In summary, this study demonstrates that viral pathogenesis is strongest in 1-week-old ducks and the age-related immune response plays an important role in the pathogenesis of DTMUV in ducks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shan Dong Agricultural University Tai'an, China
| | - Chuanwei Lv
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shan Dong Agricultural University Tai'an, China
| | - Ruichao Yue
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shan Dong Agricultural University Tai'an, China
| | - Ying Shi
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shan Dong Agricultural University Tai'an, China
| | - Liangmeng Wei
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shan Dong Agricultural University Tai'an, China
| | - Tongjie Chai
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shan Dong Agricultural University Tai'an, China
| | - Sidang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shan Dong Agricultural University Tai'an, China
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Zhao D, Huang X, Liu Y, Han K, Zhang J, Yang J, Xie X, Li Y. Domain I and II from newly emerging goose tembusu virus envelope protein functions as a dominant-negative inhibitor of virus infectivity. Res Vet Sci 2014; 98:121-6. [PMID: 25481678 PMCID: PMC7172782 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2014.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Flavivirus envelope protein locates at the outermost surface of viral particle and mediates virus entry and fusion infection, and domains I and II of E protein play an important role in this process. In this study, we have expressed and purified goose tembusu virus (GTV) E protein domains I and II (DI/II) from E. coli, and tested conceptual approach that purified protein serves as anti-viral reagent. We found that DI/II inhibited GTV JS804 infection in BHK-21 cells in a dose-dependent manner, and this inhibition activity was achieved by binding to cell membrane specifically. Moreover, JS804 treated with DI/II specific anti-serum decreased its infectivity to BHK-21 cells. Taken together, this is first to show that the purified DI/II domain of tembusu virus expressed in E. coli was able to interfere with virus infection, which opens an avenue to develop novel anti-viral regents to prevent and eventually eradicate GTV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmin Zhao
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xinmei Huang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuzhuo Liu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Kaikai Han
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jingfeng Zhang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xingxing Xie
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yin Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Efficient strategy to generate a vectored duck enteritis virus delivering envelope of duck Tembusu virus. Viruses 2014; 6:2428-43. [PMID: 24956180 PMCID: PMC4074935 DOI: 10.3390/v6062428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 05/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) is a recently emerging pathogenic flavivirus that has resulted in a huge economic loss in the duck industry. However, no vaccine is currently available to control this pathogen. Consequently, a practical strategy to construct a vaccine against this pathogen should be determined. In this study, duck enteritis virus (DEV) was examined as a candidate vaccine vector to deliver the envelope (E) of DTMUV. A modified mini-F vector was inserted into the SORF3 and US2 gene junctions of the attenuated DEV vaccine strain C-KCE genome to generate an infectious bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) of C-KCE (vBAC-C-KCE). The envelope (E) gene of DTMUV was inserted into the C-KCE genome through the mating-assisted genetically integrated cloning (MAGIC) strategy, resulting in the recombinant vector, pBAC-C-KCE-E. A bivalent vaccine C-KCE-E was generated by eliminating the BAC backbone. Immunofluorescence and western blot analysis results indicated that the E proteins were vigorously expressed in C-KCE-E-infected chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs). Duck experiments demonstrated that the insertion of the E gene did not alter the protective efficacy of C-KCE. Moreover, C-KCE-E-immunized ducks induced neutralization antibodies against DTMUV. These results demonstrated, for the first time, that recombinant C-KCE-E can serve as a potential bivalent vaccine against DEV and DTMUV.
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Adaptation and attenuation of duck Tembusu virus strain Du/CH/LSD/110128 following serial passage in chicken embryos. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2014; 21:1046-53. [PMID: 24872514 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00154-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) is a newly emerging pathogenic flavivirus that has caused massive economic losses to the duck industry in China. In the current study, a virulent strain of DTMUV, designated Du/CH/LSD/110128, was isolated from the livers of diseased ducks and attenuated by serial passage in embryonated chicken eggs. The virus was partially attenuated after 50 and 70 passages and was fully attenuated after 90 passages, based on mortality and morbidity rates and viral loads in inoculated ducklings. Fourteen amino acid substitutions were observed in the capsid, prM, envelope, NS1, NS3, NS4A, NS4B, and NS5 proteins of the fully attenuated strain of Du/CH/LSD/110128, which might be responsible for the observed changes in replication and pathogenicity. A 72-nucleotide deletion was also observed in the 3' untranslated region of the virus after 30 passages. The fully attenuated virus retained the immunogenicity of the parental strain, providing effective protection to challenge with virulent Du/CH/LSD/110128, and may represent a suitable candidate as a vaccine strain against DTMUV infection in ducks. Our results also lay the foundation for future studies on the replication and pathogenic mechanisms of DTMUV.
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